GIS.state.ar

03/24/03

www.GIS.state.ar.us

Learon DalbyGIS, Program Manager

03/24/03

03/24/03

Technologies Meeting at the Cross Roads

Presented by: Learon Dalby GIS Program Manager,Arkansas Geographic Information Office

GISGPS

E-911Wireless

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20th Century TechnologyWith the inventions of the 20th century, we move faster!

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E-911- History• The E-911 concept was first implemented in

Great Britain in 1937 (999) • American Congress began investigating the E-

911 concept in 1958 • The first 911 call placed in the US was

implemented in 1968.

This “form” of E-911 was not as we know it today.

http://inventors.about.com/library/inventors/bl911.htm

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Typical E-911 Today

Caller Dials 911

911 Dispatcher answers

Caller’s phone # is compared to master address file

Phone # and address are compared and theappropriate responders are contacted

All of this happensin a matter of seconds

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Typical E-911 Diagram

501-682-2929

Phone # Address City501-682-2929 124 West Capitol Little Rock

124 West Capitol

Responder Zone 1

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Problem with Typical E-911

The traditional E-911 systems have become obsolete. It is estimated that 50 to 70 percent of emergency calls in Arkansas originate from a wireless/cellular device.

Traditional E-911 systems assume the caller is calling from a land line and require that information to acquire a physical address.

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Global Positioning SystemsHistory

Development began during Vietnam war, but was limited to local areas.

The US Department of Defense began work on the current GPS “network” in 1973 and launched the first satellite in 1978. Civilian use was subscriber based.

The full 24 satellite constellation became operational for civilian use on April 27, 1997 .

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Global Positioning SystemsGPS

• GPS is composed of 24 satellites circling the earth and a hand-held receiver that can orientate itself through trilateration techniques.

Distance D = Speed of Light x Time

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Geographic Information SystemsHistory

• Anywhere from 35,000 to 40 years ago

• Complex GIS has come about in the last 50 years

• Affordable GIS has become available in the last 10 years.

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Geographic Information SystemsGIS

• GIS is composed of hardware, software, spatial data and people. GIS enables decision makers to analyze complex databases visually. The spatial data maybe compiled in a number of methods including:

GPSGPS

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Table contains 612,822 records

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GIS answers questions through visualization.

Question: What roads do not have a name or address range?Answer: 148,385

Show me where those instances occur!

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Roads in red do not have a name and/oraddress range

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Visualizing where the roads are that do not have a name or address range enables one to investigate in specific locations, rather than assuming or guessing where those instances occur.

Note: This illustration was used in the Arkansas Centerline File Program research.

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Bringing it All Together

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Problem with Typical E-911

The traditional E-911 systems have become obsolete. It is estimated that 50 to 70 percent of emergency calls, in Arkansas originate from a wireless/cellular device.

Traditional E-911 systems assume the caller is calling from a land line and require that information to acquire a physical address.

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Typical E-911 Today

Caller Dials 911



Phone # and address are compared and theappropriate responders are contacted

All of this happensIn a matter of seconds

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FCC 94-102 “Enhanced E-911”Phase 1 & Phase 2

• Phase 1: Translate the number of the wireless 911 call and the location of the cell site receiving the call to the E-911 dispatcher.

This could be used for “call-back” situations, when the cell call is dropped.

• Phase 2: Provide E-911 dispatchers with the coordinates from which the wireless E-911 call was placed.

This information can be acquired through three methods.

A “Cell Tower” triangulation GPS within the handset A combination of A & B

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Enhanced E-911

Phone # and lat/long are compared and theappropriate responders are contacted


Caller Dials 911



Latitude / Longitude is placed on a map in front of thedispatcher

Caller’s phone # is translated & a lat / long is provided tothe dispatcher

Caller’s phone # is translated to the dispatcher

Wireless Caller Dials 911

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Enhanced E-911with a GIS

Phone # and lat/long are compared and theappropriate responders are contacted

Wireless Caller Dials 911


Caller’s phone # is translated to the dispatcher

Caller’s phone # is translated & a lat / long is provided tothe dispatcher

Latitude / Longitude is placed on a map in front of thedispatcher

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Enhanced E-911with a GIS

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Enhanced E-911Additional Information

Because the deployment of final E-911 solutions requiresthe development of new technologies as well as coordination among public safety agencies, wireless carriers, technology vendors, equipment manufacturers, and local exchange carriers, the FCC established a four-year rollout schedule of its Phase II requirements. The rollout of Phase II began October 1, 2001 and is to be completed by December 31, 2005.

Source: Federal Communication Commission

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Where is Arkansas?

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Enhanced E-911Additional Information

Arkansas Counties are at various stages of E-911implementation.

Four counties have no E-911 system at all.

Several counties have the capability to implement phase 1.

No Counties have the capability to fully implement phase 2.

Several counties are investing in GIS / GPS systems for E-911and other related purposes.

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Arkansas State Land Information Board

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Contact Information

Learon Dalby- GIS Program Manager Arkansas Geographic Information Office

[email protected] 501-682-2929

Resource Informationwww.gis.state.ar.us

Arkansas GIS Users Forumhttp://argis.ualr.edu/forum

Documents

GIS.state.ar