GrammarGrammarGrammarGrammarModule 4

被动语态的构成

由助动词 be + 及物动词的过去分词构成。助动词 be 有人称、数和时态的变化。

动词形式 时 态一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时

am/ is/ are + done

was/were + done

shall/ will be + done

am/is/ are being +done

was/ were being +done

has/ have been +done

had been + done

1. 每天都有新的问题被处理。 New problems are dealt with every

day.

2. 明年将种许多树。 Many trees will be planted next year.

3. 计划将会执行。 The plan would/will be carried out.

4. 昨天下午这个问题在会上正在被讨论。 The question was being discussed at the

meeting yesterday afternoon.

5. 我们赶到那的时候书已经卖完了。 The books had been sold out before we

got there.

1. 一定要充分利用时间。 Time must be made good use of.

2. 那个计划就要被他们放弃了。 The plan will be given up by them.

3. 孩子将被很好地照顾。 The children will be taken good care of.

1. -----Your job ________ open for your return. ----- Thanks. [2006 北京

卷 ] A. will be kept B. will keep C. had kept D. had been kept2. I have to go to work by taxi because my car _________at the garage. [2006 重庆

卷 ] A. will be repaired B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. has been repaired

4. Customers are asked to make sure that

they _______ the right change before

leaving the shop.[2006 重庆卷 ]

A. will give B. have been given

C. have given D. will be given

5. The construction of the two new

railway lines _______ by now.

[2006 陕西卷 ]

A. had completed

B. have completed

C. have been completed

D. has been completed

6. The water _______ cool when I

jumped into the pool for morning

exercise. [2006 全国卷 I]

A. was felt B. is felt

C. felt D. feels

主动形式被动意义：表示主语状态、特征的连系动词。如： look ， feel ， smell ， sound等。

8. In a room above the store, where a

party ____________, some workers

were busily setting the table.

(2006 湖南卷 )

A. was to be held B. has been held

C. will be held D. is being held

9. — Do you have any problems if you

_________ this job?

— Well, I’m thinking about the

salary ... ( 湖南 2008)

A. offer B. will offer

C. are offered D. will be offered

10. I like these English songs and they

_____ many times on the radio.

( 安徽 2008)

A. taught B. have taught

C. are taught D. have been taught

11. —What’s that noise?

—Oh, I forgot to tell you. The new

machine _____. ( 浙江 2008)

A. was tested B. will be tested

C. is being tested D. has been tested

12. The flowers were so lovely that

they _____ in no time. (2007 全国卷 I)

A. sold B. had been sold

C. were sold D. would sell

课后小练课后小练 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1. The trees _____________ (plant) in

rows in the field by our class

tomorrow.

2. His leg ________ (hurt) when he ____

(fall) from the tree yesterday.

3. The children must _______ (take) good

care of while their teacher is away.

will be planted

was hurt fell

be taken

4. The hospital ________ (build) a few

years ago. It _______________ (repair)

at the moment.

5. Last summer I visited the People’s

Great Hall, in which many important

meetings ________ (hold) every year.

was built

is being repaired

are held

Complete the sentences using the

verbs in brackets.1. As a boy he ____________ (educate)

in many schools.

2. He _________ (give) the nickname,

“the student who asks questions”.

3. The results of his experiments

_____________ (publish) in China in

1966.

was educated

was given

was published

4. Finally, in 1970 a naturally sterile

male rice plant _____________(discover).

5. 50 thousand square kilometres of rice

fields ______________ (convert) to

growing vegetables.

6. Following this, Yuan Longping’s rice

____________ (export) to other

countries.

was discovered

were converted

was exported

Fill in the blanks with the proper form of the words given in the brackets.

1.The bridge ( build) last year.

2.The Olympic Games (hold) every four years.

3.The problem (discuss) at the meeting now.

was built

are held

is being discussed

4. His new book _________________ (publish) next month.

5. The classroom____________________ (not clean) yet.

6. The machine_____________________ (repair) at this time yesterday.

7. She said the report________________ (type) by Li Mei for two weeks.

will be published

has not been cleaned

was being repaired

had been typed

8. Miss Li said the book________________ (give) to the students the next morning.

9. By the end of next term two thousand English words ____________________ (learn).

10. He said the project_________________ ________ (finish) by 2010.

would be given

will have been learnt

would have been

finished

Translate the following sentences into English.

1. 下一届奥运会将于 2012 年在伦敦举行。

2. 奶奶告诉他要好好保管这枚戒指。

3. 我现在很忙。我有很多作业要做。

4. 到目前为止，地球人已经几次拜访了月亮。

5. 你的外套该洗洗了。

6. 我爸爸给我买了一辆新自行车。

7. 这本书值得一看。

8. 有人看到他昨天下午在操场上打篮球。

9. 你的理由听起来挺合理的。

10. 有人听到他向他的朋友说再见。

1. 下一届奥运会将于 2012 年在伦敦举行。

2. 奶奶告诉他要好好保管这枚戒指。

3. 我现在很忙。我有很多作业要做。

The next Olympic Games will be held in London in 2012.

He was told by his grandma that the ring should be kept well.

I’m busy now. I have lots of homework to do.

4. 到目前为止，地球人已经几次拜访了月亮。So far, the moon has been visited by earthmen several times.

5. 你的外套该洗洗了。

6. 我爸爸给我买了一辆新自行车。

Your coat needs cleaning / to be cleaned.

A new bicycle was bought to me by my father.

8. 有人看到他昨天下午在操场上打篮球。

This book is worth reading.

He was seen playing basketball on the playground yesterday afternoon.

7. 这本书值得一看。

9. 你的理由听起来挺合理的 。

10. 有人听到他向他的朋友说再见。

Your reason sounds reasonable.

He was heard to say goodbye to his friend.

Practice1. – The window is dirty.

– I know. It _____ for weeks.

A. hasn’t cleaned B. didn’t clean

C. wasn’t cleaned D. hasn’t been

cleaned

2. Now that she is out of a job, Lucy _____

going back to school, but she hasn’t

decided yet.

A. had considered B. has been considering

C. considered D. is going to consider

D

D

7. I feel it is your husband who ______

for the spoiled child.

[2006 北京东城区高三模拟 ]

A. is to blame B. is going to blame

C. is to be blamed D. should blame

3. The mayor of Beijing says that all

construction work for the Beijing

Olympics _____ by 2006.

A. had been completed

B. has completed

C. will have been completed

D. will have completed

A

4.According to the art dealer, the

painting _____ to go for at least a

million dollars.

A. is expected B. expects

C. expected D. is expecting

A

5. -- What happened to the priceless works of

art?

-- ________.

A. They were destroyed in the earthquake

B. The earthquake was destroying them

C. They destroyed in the earthquake

D. The earthquake destroyed them

B

6. When and where to go for the no-

salary holiday _____ yet.

A. are not decided

B. have not been decided

C. is not being decided

D. has not been decided

D

7. A new cinema ____ here. They hope to finish

it next month.

A. will be built       B. is built    

C. has been built     D. is being built

8. The new suspension bridge ____ by the end of

last month.

  A. has been designed   B. had been designed

  C. was designed            D. would be designed

D

B

9. Hundreds of jobs ____ if the factory closes.

A. lose     B. will be lost    

C. are lost     D. will lose

10. Rainforests ____ and burned at such a speed

that they will disappear from the earth in the

near future.

A. cut       B. are cut      

C. are being cut       D. had been cut

B

C

高考链接

1. All visitors to this village _________

with kindness. (2011 四川 )

A. treat B. are treated

C. are treating D. had been treated

B

2. After getting lost in a storm, a member

of the navy team ______ four days later.

(2011 上海 )

A. rescued B. was rescued

C. has rescued D. had been rescued

B

In a hungry world rice is a staple food and

China is the world’s largest producer. Rice is

also grown in many other countries, and in

some European countries like Italy. In the

rice-growing world, the Chinese scientist,

Yuan Longping, is a leading figure.

1

 Yuan Longping was born and brought up in

China. As a boy he was educated in many

schools and was given the nickname, “the

student who asks questions”.

2

From an early age he was interested in plants. He studied agriculture in college and as a young teacher he began experiments in crop breeding. He thought that the key to feeding people was to have more rice and to produce it more quickly. He thought there was only one way to do this --- by crossing different species of rice plant, and then he could produce a new plant which could give a higher yield than either of the original plants.

3

First Yuan Longping experimented with different types of rice. The results of his experiments were published in China in 1966. Then he began his search for a special type of rice plant. It had to be male. It had to be sterile. Finally, in 1970 a naturally sterile male rice plant was discovered. This was the breakthrough. Researchers were brought in from all over China to develop the new system. The research was supported by the government.

4

As a result of Yuan Longping’s discoveries

Chinese rice production rose by 47.5 percent in

the 1990’s. There were other advantages too.

50 thousand square kilometers of rice fields

were converted to growing vegetables and

other cash crops. Following this, Yuan

Longping’s rice was exported to other

countries, such as Pakistan and the Philippines.

 

5

In Pakistan rice is the second most important

crop after wheat and will be grown in many

parts of the country. The new hybrid rice has

been developed by the Yuan Longping High-

tech Agricultural Company of China. Its yield

is much greater than the yield of other types

of rice grown in Pakistan.

6

1. Rice is also grown in many other Asian countries.2. Yuan Longping was born and brought up in China.3. As a boy he was educated in schools and was given a

nickname …4. Researchers were brought in from all over China.5. The research was supported by the government.6. The Pakistan will be grown in many parts of the

country.7. The new hybrid rice has been developed by the Yuan

Longping High-tech Agricultural Company of China.

读下面的句子 , 总结各种时态被动语态的构成形式。

1. Our teachers are respected by us.

2. He will be beaten by me.

3. Paper was first invented in China.

4. They really have been poorly paid.

5. Production costs had been greatly

reduced.

6. A new railway is being built.

7. The roads were being widened.

短语动词的被动语态：That old man was often laughed at.

The doctor has been sent for.

结论结论 ::

短语动词在主动结构中是一个不可分割的词组 , 在被动结构中也是如此 ,

不可去掉后面的介词或副词。

The door was locked by the monitor.

The door was locked.

The composition was written with

great care.

The composition is well written.

Look at the following sentences:

结论 : 被动语态表示动作 , 句子主语是动作对象 ; 而“连系动词 + 表语( 过去分词 )” 表示状态 , 其中过去分词相当于形容词 , 因此被动语态可以有多种时态 , 而“连系动词 + 表语”中的只有一般时态和完成时态。