《新gre Issue写作论证论据素材大全》第一大类社会发展类素材电子版

GRE GMAT TOEFL

GRE GMAT

MITHarvardStanford

GRE GMAT GRE

TOEFL /

GRE GMAT

http://weibo.com/weixiaoliang

http://t.qq.com/weixiaoliangbao

http://page.renren.com/600009850

QQ199622015

QQ 190483139

E-mail [email protected]

www.66xue.com

GRE

SATTOEFL iBTGREGMAT

1-2

--- 1

--- 2

--- 3

Chinglish

------

SAT

GREGMAT

DeBeers

+

99%

---

---

GRE -

GRE

GMAT

/

SAT

---

Wiki

God Read English GRE ISSUEGRE

ISSUE GRE ISSUE 20

GRE GRE

GRE Issue

20

GRE Issue Issue

GMAT

GRE

1

Art is usually a criticism of the world as it is and a vision of the world as it might be. A

characteristic of good art is that it engages individuals in a very deep and personal way,

and in ways that may not be shared by every member of a group. The purpose of art is to

find a way to wake people up who are going through their lives sleepwalking and say:

Stop it. You can't walk past this. This is your life. Artists have to be able to function in

society and say there are basic human values that must be, that cannot be shortchanged,

or else we won't have a society. Art is an invitation to become part of something that is

larger than us. The arts are connected to being a grown-up. In order to be a grown-up,

one has to be able to envision other lives as real, other possibilities as real. When we

don't have the arts, a very important part of us begins to starve and our humanity begins to

dwindle.

2

Art is a link to the past. It provides an enjoyable perspective from which to examine history.

Art helps people to understand and empathize with the living conditions people have

endured at various times and places. Art encourages imagination. It shows people how

they might express their own feelings and experiences through painting and drawing. Art

provides people an opportunity to create and do, which can be a refreshing break from

studying. Art teaches people how to interpret different forms of communication. It teaches

them to understand figurative things like symbolism, metaphor, and the meanings of color.

Art improves academic achievement. Evidence suggests that people who actively

participate in some form of art whether it be painting, acting, music, etc perform

better in other subjects than others who don't participate in art.

3

Ludwig van Beethoven (1770-1827)

Ludwig van Beethoven (1770-1827), German composer, considered one of the greatest

musicians of all time. Having begun his career as an outstanding improviser at the piano

and composer of piano music, Beethoven went on to compose string quartets and other

kinds of chamber music, songs, two masses, an opera, and nine symphonies. His

Symphony No. 9 in D minor op. 125 (Choral, completed 1824), perhaps the most famous

work of classical music in existence, culminates in a choral finale based on the poem Ode

to Joy by German writer Friedrich von Schiller. Like his opera Fidelio, op. 72 (1805;

revised 1806, 1814) and many other works, the Ninth Symphony depicts an initial struggle

with adversity and concludes with an uplifting vision of freedom and social harmony.

GRE ISSUE 20

GRE Issue

Issue

Wiki

GRE

GRE

Stephen M.Shapiro

[email protected]

http://weibo.com/weixiaoliang

http://t.qq.com/weixiaoliangbao

http://page.renren.com/600009850

QQ199622015

QQ 190483139

E-mail [email protected]

www.66xue.com

GRE Issue 1

GRE Issue 21

22

001 23

002 I 23

003 II 23

004 24

005 24

006 24

007 25

008 25

009 25

010 26

011 26

012 26

013 27

014 27

015 28

016 28

017 28

018 29

019 29

020 29

021 30

022 30

023 30

024 31

025 31

026 32

027 32

028 32

029 33

030 33

031 33

032 34

033 34

034 34

035 35

036 35

037 36

038 36

039 36

040 37

041 37

042 38

043 38

044 39

045 39

41

001 41

002 41

003 41

004 42

005 42

006 43

007 43

008 44

009 44

010 45

011 45

012 46

013 46

014 46

015 47

016 47

017 48

018 48

019 49

020 49

021 50

022 50

023 50

024 51

025 51

026 51

027 52

028 53

029 53

030 53

031 54

032 54

033 55

034 55

035 56

036 56

037 57

038 57

039 58

040 58

041 58

042 59

60

001 60

002 60

003 61

004 61

005 61

006 62

007 62

008 63

009 63

010 63

011 64

012 64

013 64

014 65

015 65

016 66

017 66

018 66

019 67

020 67

021 67

022 68

023 68

024 68

025 69

026 69

027 69

028 70

029 70

030 71

031 71

032 72

033 72

034 72

035 73

036 73

037 73

038 74

039 74

040 75

041 75

042 76

043 76

77

001 77

002 77

003 78

004 78

005 78

006 78

007 79

008 79

009 80

010 80

011 81

012 81

013 82

014 82

015 82

016 83

017 83

018 84

019 84

020 85

021 85

022 86

023 86

024 86

025 87

026 87

027 87

028 88

029 88

030 89

031 89

032 89

033 90

034 90

035 91

036 91

037 92

038 92

039 92

040 93

041 93

042 94

043 94

95

001 95

002 95

003 96

004 96

005 96

006 97

007 97

008 98

009 98

010 99

011 99

012 100

013 101

014 101

015 102

016 102

017 103

018 103

019 104

020 104

021 104

022 105

023 105

024 106

025 106

026 107

027 107

028 107

029 108

030 108

031 109

032 109

033 110

034 110

035 111

036 111

037 111

038 112

039 113

040 113

041 113

042 114

043 114

044 115

045 115

046 115

047 116

048 116

049 116

050 117

051 117

052 vs. 117

053 118

054 118

055 119

056 119

057 120

058 120

059 120

060 121

061 121

062 122

063 122

064 122

065 123

066 123

067 124

125

001 125

002 125

003 126

004 126

005 127

006 127

007 128

008 128

009 129

010 130

011 130

012 130

013 131

014 131

015 132

016 132

017 132

018 133

019 133

020 134

021 134

022 134

023 134

024 135

025 135

026 136

027 136

028 137

029 137

030 138

031 138

032 138

033 139

034 139

035 140

141

001 141

002 141

003 141

004 142

005 142

006 142

007 143

008 143

009 144

010 144

011 144

012 145

013 145

014 145

015 146

016 146

017 146

018 147

019 147

020 147

021 147

022 148

023 148

024 149

025 149

026 149

027 150

028 150

029 151

030 151

031 151

032 151

033 152

034 152

035 152

036 153

037 153

038 153

039 154

155

001 155

002 155

003 156

004 156

005 156

006 157

007 157

008 158

009 158

010 159

011 159

012 159

013 160

014 161

015 161

016 162

017 162

018 163

019 163

020 163

021 164

022 164

023 165

024 165

025 165

026 166

027 166

028 167

029 167

030 168

031 168

032 169

033 169

034 170

035 170

036 171

037 171

038 172

039 172

173

001 173

002 173

003 173

004 174

005 175

006 175

007 175

008 176

009 176

010 177

011 177

012 178

013 178

014 178

015 179

016 179

017 179

018 180

019 180

020 180

021 181

022 181

023 181

024 182

025 182

026 182

027 183

028 183

029 184

030 184

031 184

032 185

033 185

034 186

035 186

036 186

037 187

038 187

039 187

040 188

041 188

042 189

043 189

044 189

045 190

046 190

047 191

048 191

049 191

050 192

051 192

052 193

053 193

054 193

055 193

195

001 195

002 195

003 196

004 196

005 196

006 197

007 197

008 198

009 198

010 198

011 199

012 199

013 200

014 200

015 201

016 201

017 202

018 202

019 202

020 203

021 203

022 203

023 204

024 204

025 205

026 205

027 206

028 206

029 206

030 207

031 207

032 207

033 207

034 208

035 208

209

001 209

002 209

003 209

004 210

005 NO 210

006 WTO 211

007 211

008 CO 212

009 212

010 212

011 213

012 213

013 214

014 214

015 215

016 215

017 216

018 216

019 216

020 217

021 217

022 217

023 218

024 218

025 218

026 219

027 219

028 220

029 220

030 220

031 221

032 221

033 222

034 222

035 223

036 223

037 224

038 224

039 225

040 225

041 226

042 226

043 227

044 227

045 228

046 228

047 228

048 229

049 230

050 230

051 231

052 231

053 231

054 AT 232

055 AT 232

056 232

057 233

058 233

059 234

060 234

061 235

062 235

063 236

237

001 237

002 237

003 238

004 238

005 238

006 239

007 239

008 240

009 240

010 241

011 241

012 242

013 242

014 242

015 243

016 244

017 244

018 245

019 245

020 246

021 246

022 246

023 247

024 247

025 248

026 248

027 249

028 249

250

001 250

002 250

003 251

004 251

005 252

006 252

007 253

008 253

009 254

010 254

011 255

012 255

013 255

014 KOF256

015 256

016 257

017 257

018 258

019 258

020 259

021 259

022 260

023 260

024 261

025 261

026 261

027 262

028 262

029 263

030 263

031 264

032 264

033 265

034 265

035 265

036 266

037 266

038 266

039 267

040 267

041 268

042 268

270

001 270

002 271

003 271

004 271

005 272

006 272

007 273

008 I 273

009 II 274

010 III 275

011 IV 275

012 V 275

013 276

014 MBTIMyers-Briggs Type Indicator 276

015 MBTI 277

016 MBTI 277

017 MBTI 277

018 MBTI I / 278

019 MBTI II / 278

020 MBTI III / 278

021 MBTI IV / 279

022 279

023 I 279

024 II 280

025 289

026 281

027 281

028 282

029 283

030 283

031 284

032 284

033 284

034 285

035 285

036 286

037 286

038 287

039 288

040 288

289

001 289

002 289

003 289

004 290

005 290

006 290

007 291

008 291

009 291

010 292

011 292

012 293

013 ACA 293

014 HP 293

015 294

016 HP 294

017 294

018 295

019 vs. 295

020 I 296

021 II 296

022 III 296

023 IV 297

024 297

025 298

026 299

027 I 299

028 II 300

029 III 300

030 IV 301

302

001 302

002 302

003 302

004 303

005 303

006 303

007 304

008 304

009 305

010 305

011 vs. 306

012 306

013 308

014 308

015 309

016 309

017 309

018 310

019 310

020 311

021 311

022 312

023 312

024 313

025 313

026 314

027 314

028 314

029 315

030 315

317

001 317

002 I 317

003 II 318

004 318

005 318

006 319

007 319

008 320

009 320

010 321

011 321

012 321

013 321

014 322

015 322

016 323

017 323

018 324

019 I 324

020 II 324

021 III 325

022 IV 325

023 326

024 326

025 I 326

026 II 327

027 III 327

028 327

029 328

030 328

031 329

330

001 330

002 330

003 331

004 331

005 332

006 333

007 333

008 334

009 334

10 334

011 335

012 335

013 336

014 336

015 337

016 337

017 338

018 339

019 339

020 339

021 340

022 340

023 341

024 341

025 342

026 342

027 343

028 WTO 343

029 WTO 344

030 WTO 344

031 WTO 345

032 346

033 346

034 347

035 347

036 348

037 348

038 349

039 349

040 350

041 350

042 351

043 352

044 353

045 354

046 354

047 355

048 355

049 355

356

001 357

002 357

003 I358

004 II359

005 III359

006 IV360

007 361

008 362

009 362

010 363

011 364

012 364

013 I365

014 II366

015 III366

016 IV367

017 V367

018 369

019 369

020 370

021 371

372

001 372

002 372

003 373

004 373

005 374

006 374

007 375

008 376

009 376

010 376

011 379

012 379

013 380

014 380

015 381

016 382

017 383

018 383

019 384

020 385

021 385

022 386

023 386

024 387

025 388

026 388

027 389

028 390

391

GRE Issue

1. As people rely more and more on technology to solve problems, the ability of humans to think

for themselves will surely deteriorate.

Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the

statement and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your

position, you should consider ways in which the statement might or might not hold true and

explain how these considerations shape your position.

2. To understand the most important characteristics of a society, one must study its major cities.





3. Educational institutions have a responsibility to dissuade students from pursuing fields of

study in which they are unlikely to succeed.

Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the claim. In

developing and supporting your position, be sure to address the most compelling reasons and/or

examples that could be used to challenge your position.

4. Scandals are useful because they focus our attention on problems in ways that no speaker or

reformer ever could.




5. Claim: Governments must ensure that their major cities receive the financial support they

need in order to thrive.

Reason: It is primarily in cities that a nation's cultural traditions are preserved and generated.

Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the claim

and the reason on which that claim is based.

6. A nation should require all of its students to study the same national curriculum until they

enter college.


recommendation and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and

supporting your position, describe specific circumstances in which adopting the recommendation

would or would not be advantageous and explain how these examples shape your position.

7. Some people believe that government funding of the arts is necessary to ensure that the arts

can flourish and be available to all people. Others believe that government funding of the arts

threatens the integrity of the arts.

Write a response in which you discuss which view more closely aligns with your own position and

explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you

should address both of the views presented.

8. Claim: In any fieldbusiness, politics, education, governmentthose in power should step

down after five years.

Reason: The surest path to success for any enterprise is revitalization through new leadership.



9. In any field of endeavor, it is impossible to make a significant contribution without first being

strongly influenced by past achievements within that field.





10. Nations should pass laws to preserve any remaining wilderness areas in their natural state,

even if these areas could be developed for economic gain.

Write a response in which you discuss your views on the policy and explain your reasoning for the

position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should consider the possible

consequences of implementing the policy and explain how these consequences shape your

position.

11. People's behavior is largely determined by forces not of their own making.





12. Governments should offer a free university education to any student who has been admitted to

a university but who cannot afford the tuition.




position.

13. Universities should require every student to take a variety of courses outside the student's field

of study.





enter college.




position.

15. Educational institutions should actively encourage their students to choose fields of study that

will prepare them for lucrative careers.




16. Some people believe that in order to be effective, political leaders must yield to public opinion

and abandon principle for the sake of compromise. Others believe that the most essential

quality of an effective leader is the ability to remain consistently committed to particular

principles and objectives.




17. Formal education tends to restrain our minds and spirits rather than set them free.





18. The well-being of a society is enhanced when many of its people question authority.





19. Governments should focus on solving the immediate problems of today rather than on trying

to solve the anticipated problems of the future.





20. Some people believe that college students should consider only their own talents and interests

when choosing a field of study. Others believe that college students should base their choice

of a field of study on the availability of jobs in that field.




21. Laws should be flexible enough to take account of various circumstances, times, and places.





22. Claim: The best way to understand the character of a society is to examine the character of the

men and women that the society chooses as its heroes or its role models.

Reason: Heroes and role models reveal a society's highest ideals.



23. Governments should place few, if any, restrictions on scientific research and development.





24. The best way to teach is to praise positive actions and ignore negative ones.





25. Governments should offer college and university education free of charge to all students.





26. The luxuries and conveniences of contemporary life prevent people from developing into truly

strong and independent individuals.





27. In any field of inquiry, the beginner is more likely than the expert to make important

contributions.





28. The surest indicator of a great nation is represented not by the achievements of its rulers,

artists, or scientists, but by the general welfare of its people.





29. The best way to teachwhether as an educator, employer, or parentis to praise positive

actions and ignore negative ones.




30. Teachers' salaries should be based on their students' academic performance.




31. Society should make efforts to save endangered species only if the potential extinction of those

species is the result of human activities.




position.

32. College students should base their choice of a field of study on the availability of jobs in that

field.




33. As we acquire more knowledge, things do not become more comprehensible, but more

complex and mysterious.





34. In any situation, progress requires discussion among people who have contrasting points of

view.





35. Educational institutions should dissuade students from pursuing fields of study in which they

are unlikely to succeed.




position.

36. Governments should not fund any scientific research whose consequences are unclear.





37. Society should identify those children who have special talents and provide training for them

at an early age to develop their talents.





38. It is primarily through our identification with social groups that we define ourselves.





39. College students should be encouraged to pursue subjects that interest them rather than the

courses that seem most likely to lead to jobs.





40. Claim: When planning courses, educators should take into account the interests and

suggestions of their students.

Reason: Students are more motivated to learn when they are interested in what they are studying.



41. The greatness of individuals can be decided only by those who live after them, not by their

contemporaries.





42. Students should always question what they are taught instead of accepting it passively.





43. The increasingly rapid pace of life today causes more problems than it solves.





44. Claim: It is no longer possible for a society to regard any living man or woman as a hero.

Reason: The reputation of anyone who is subjected to media scrutiny will eventually be

diminished.



45. Competition for high grades seriously limits the quality of learning at all levels of education.





46. Universities should require every student to take a variety of courses outside the student's field

of study.





47. Educators should find out what students want included in the curriculum and then offer it to

them.





48. Educators should teach facts only after their students have studied the ideas, trends, and

concepts that help explain those facts.





49. Claim: We can usually learn much more from people whose views we share than from those

whose views contradict our own.

Reason: Disagreement can cause stress and inhibit learning.



50. Government officials should rely on their own judgment rather than unquestioningly carry out

the will of the people they serve.





51. Young people should be encouraged to pursue long-term, realistic goals rather than seek

immediate fame and recognition.





52. The best way to teach is to praise positive actions and ignore negative ones.





53. If a goal is worthy, then any means taken to attain it are justifiable.





54. In order to become well-rounded individuals, all college students should be required to take

courses in which they read poetry, novels, mythology, and other types of imaginative literature.





55. In order for any work of artfor example, a film, a novel, a poem, or a songto have merit, it

must be understandable to most people.





56. Many important discoveries or creations are accidental: it is usually while seeking the answer

to one question that we come across the answer to another.





57. The main benefit of the study of history is to dispel the illusion that people living now are

significantly different from people who lived in earlier times.





58. Learning is primarily a matter of personal discipline; students cannot be motivated by school

or college alone.





59. Scientists and other researchers should focus their research on areas that are likely to benefit

the greatest number of people.





60. Politicians should pursue common ground and reasonable consensus rather than elusive ideals.





61. People should undertake risky action only after they have carefully considered its

consequences.





62. Leaders are created by the demands that are placed on them.





63. There is little justification for society to make extraordinary effortsespecially at a great cost

in money and jobsto save endangered animal or plant species.





64. The human mind will always be superior to machines because machines are only tools of

human minds.





65. Every individual in a society has a responsibility to obey just laws and to disobey and resist

unjust laws.




66. People who are the most deeply committed to an idea or policy are also the most critical of it.





67. Some people believe that society should try to save every plant and animal species, despite the

expense to humans in effort, time, and financial well-being. Others believe that society need not

make extraordinary efforts, especially at a great cost in money and jobs, to save endangered

species.




68. Some people believe that the purpose of education is to free the mind and the spirit. Others

believe that formal education tends to restrain our minds and spirits rather than set them free.




69. Some people believe it is often necessary, even desirable, for political leaders to withhold

information from the public. Others believe that the public has a right to be fully informed.




70. Claim: Universities should require every student to take a variety of courses outside the

student's major field of study.

Reason: Acquiring knowledge of various academic disciplines is the best way to become truly

educated.



71. Young people should be encouraged to pursue long-term, realistic goals rather than seek

immediate fame and recognition.





72. Governments should not fund any scientific research whose consequences are unclear.




position.

73. Colleges and universities should require all faculty to spend time working outside the

academic world in professions relevant to the courses they teach.




position.

74. Knowing about the past cannot help people to make important decisions today.





75. In this age of intensive media coverage, it is no longer possible for a society to regard any

living man or woman as a hero.





76. We can usually learn much more from people whose views we share than from people whose

views contradict our own.





77. The most effective way to understand contemporary culture is to analyze the trends of its

youth.





78. People's attitudes are determined more by their immediate situation or surroundings than by

society as a whole.





79. Claim: The best test of an argument is its ability to convince someone with an opposing

viewpoint.

Reason: Only by being forced to defend an idea against the doubts and contrasting views of others

does one really discover the value of that idea.



80. Nations should suspend government funding for the arts when significant numbers of their

citizens are hungry or unemployed.





81. All parents should be required to volunteer time to their children's schools.





82. Colleges and universities should require their students to spend at least one semester studying

in a foreign country.





83. Teachers' salaries should be based on the academic performance of their students.





84. It is no longer possible for a society to regard any living man or woman as a hero.




85. Some people believe that in order to thrive, a society must put its own overall success before

the well-being of its individual citizens. Others believe that the well-being of a society can only be

measured by the general welfare of all its people.




86. Some people believe that government officials must carry out the will of the people they serve.

Others believe that officials should base their decisions on their own judgment.




87. Claim: Any piece of information referred to as a fact should be mistrusted, since it may well

be proven false in the future.

Reason: Much of the information that people assume is factual actually turns out to be inaccurate.



88. Claim: Nations should suspend government funding for the arts when significant numbers of

their citizens are hungry or unemployed.

Reason: It is inappropriateand, perhaps, even cruelto use public resources to fund the arts

when people's basic needs are not being met.



89. Claim: Many problems of modern society cannot be solved by laws and the legal system.

Reason: Laws cannot change what is in people's hearts or minds.



90. Educators should take students' interests into account when planning the content of the courses

they teach.





91. The primary goal of technological advancement should be to increase people's efficiency so

that they have more leisure time.





92. Educators should base their assessment of students' learning not on students' grasp of facts but

on the ability to explain the ideas, trends, and concepts that those facts illustrate.





93. Unfortunately, in contemporary society, creating an appealing image has become more

important than the reality or truth behind that image.





94. The effectiveness of a country's leaders is best measured by examining the well-being of that

country's citizens.




95. All parents should be required to volunteer time to their children's schools.





enter college.









98. Educational institutions should actively encourage their students to choose fields of study in

which jobs are plentiful.




position.

99. People's behavior is largely determined by forces not of their own making.









position.

101. Although innovations such as video, computers, and the Internet seem to offer schools

improved methods for instructing students, these technologies all too often distract from real

learning.





102. Universities should require every student to take a variety of courses outside the student's

field of study.




position.

103. The best ideas arise from a passionate interest in commonplace things.





104. To be an effective leader, a public official must maintain the highest ethical and moral

standards.




105. Claim: Imagination is a more valuable asset than experience.

Reason: People who lack experience are free to imagine what is possible without the constraints of

established habits and attitudes.



106. In most professions and academic fields, imagination is more important than knowledge.





107. To be an effective leader, a public official must maintain the highest ethical and moral

standards.





108. Critical judgment of work in any given field has little value unless it comes from someone

who is an expert in that field.





109. Some people believe that scientific discoveries have given us a much better understanding of

the world around us. Others believe that science has revealed to us that the world is infinitely more

complex than we ever realized.




110. Critical judgment of work in any given field has little value unless it comes from someone

who is an expert in that field.




111. In any professionbusiness, politics, education, governmentthose in power should step

down after five years.




112. Requiring university students to take a variety of courses outside their major fields of study is

the best way to ensure that students become truly educated.





113. Claim: The surest indicator of a great nation is not the achievements of its rulers, artists, or

scientists.

Reason: The surest indicator of a great nation is actually the welfare of all its people.



114. Any leader who is quickly and easily influenced by shifts in popular opinion will accomplish

little.





115. Government officials should rely on their own judgment rather than unquestioningly carry

out the will of the people whom they serve.






enter college.





117. It is primarily in cities that a nation's cultural traditions are generated and preserved.





118. We can learn much more from people whose views we share than from people whose views

contradict our own.





119. When old buildings stand on ground that modern planners feel could be better used for

modern purposes, modern development should be given precedence over the preservation of

historic buildings.





120. Claim: The surest indicator of a great nation must be the achievements of its rulers, artists, or

scientists.

Reason: Great achievements by a nation's rulers, artists, or scientists will ensure a good life for the

majority of that nation's people.



121. Some people claim that you can tell whether a nation is great by looking at the achievements

of its rulers, artists, or scientists. Others argue that the surest indicator of a great nation is, in fact,

the general welfare of all its people.




122. The best way to understand the character of a society is to examine the character of the men

and women that the society chooses as its heroes or its role models.




123. The best way for a society to prepare its young people for leadership in government, industry,

or other fields is by instilling in them a sense of cooperation, not competition.




124. All college and university students would benefit from spending at least one semester

studying in a foreign country.





125. Some people claim that a nation's government should preserve its wilderness areas in their

natural state. Others argue that these areas should be developed for potential economic gain.




126. In most professions and academic fields, imagination is more important than knowledge.




127. The surest indicator of a great nation is not the achievements of its rulers, artists, or scientists,

but the general well-being of all its people.




128. Some people argue that successful leaders in government, industry, or other fields must be

highly competitive. Other people claim that in order to be successful, a leader must be willing and

able to cooperate with others.




129. College students should base their choice of a field of study on the availability of jobs in that

field.





130. Some people believe that corporations have a responsibility to promote the well-being of the

societies and environments in which they operate. Others believe that the only responsibility of

corporations, provided they operate within the law, is to make as much money as possible.




131. Claim: Researchers should not limit their investigations to only those areas in which they

expect to discover something that has an immediate, practical application.

Reason: It is impossible to predict the outcome of a line of research with any certainty.



132. Some people believe that our ever-increasing use of technology significantly reduces our

opportunities for human interaction. Other people believe that technology provides us with new

and better ways to communicate and connect with one another.




133. Claim: Knowing about the past cannot help people to make important decisions today.

Reason: The world today is significantly more complex than it was even in the relatively recent

past.



134. Claim: Knowing about the past cannot help people to make important decisions today.

Reason: We are not able to make connections between current events and past events until we

have some distance from both.



135. Educational institutions should actively encourage their students to choose fields of study that

will prepare them for lucrative careers.




position.

136. Educational institutions should actively encourage their students to choose fields of study in

which jobs are plentiful.




137. Educational institutions have a responsibility to dissuade students from pursuing fields of

study in which they are unlikely to succeed.





138. Some people believe that competition for high grades motivates students to excel in the

classroom. Others believe that such competition seriously limits the quality of real learning.




139. Claim: Major policy decisions should always be left to politicians and other government

experts.

Reason: Politicians and other government experts are more informed and thus have better

judgment and perspective than do members of the general public.



140. Some people believe that universities should require every student to take a variety of courses

outside the student's field of study. Others believe that universities should not force students to

take any courses other than those that will help prepare them for jobs in their chosen fields.




141. It is more harmful to compromise one's own beliefs than to adhere to them.





142. Claim: Colleges and universities should specify all required courses and eliminate elective

courses in order to provide clear guidance for students.

Reason: College studentslike people in generalprefer to follow directions rather than make

their own decisions.



143. No field of study can advance significantly unless it incorporates knowledge and experience

from outside that field.





144. True success can be measured primarily in terms of the goals one sets for oneself.





145. The general welfare of a nation's people is a better indication of that nation's greatness than

are the achievements of its rulers, artists, or scientists.




146. The best test of an argument is the argument's ability to convince someone with an opposing

viewpoint.





147. The effectiveness of a country's leaders is best measured by examining the well-being of that

country's citizens.





148. Nations should pass laws to preserve any remaining wilderness areas in their natural state.




149. In any fieldbusiness, politics, education, governmentthose in power should be required

to step down after five years.




position.

GRE Issue

1

In the 19th century, three great classical theories of social and historical change were created: the

sociocultural evolutionism, the social cycle theory and the Marxist historical materialism theory.

Those theories had one common factor: they all agreed that the history of humanity is pursuing a

certain fixed path, most likely that of the social progress. Thus, each past event is not only

chronologically, but causally tied to the present and future events. Those theories postulated that

by recreating the sequence of those events, sociology could discover the laws of history.

2 I

The first process was colonialism. Although imperial powers settled most differences of opinion

with their colonial subjects with force, increased awareness of non-Westem people raised new

questions for European scholars about the nature of society and culture. Similarly, effective

administration required some degree of understanding of other cultures. Emerging theories of

sociocultural evolution allowed Europeans to organize their new knowledge in a way that reflected

and justified their increasing political and economic domination of others: colonized people were

less evolved, colonizing people were more evolved. When the 17th-century, English philosopher

Thomas Hobbes described primeval man as living in conditions in which there are no arts, no

letters, no society and his life as solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short, he was very much

proclaiming a popular conception of the savage. Everything that was good and civilized resulted

from the slow development out of this state. Even rationalistic philosophers like Voltaire implicitly

assumed that enlightenment gradually resulted in the upward progress of humankind.

3 II

The second process was the Industrial Revolution and the rise of capitalism which allowed and

promoted continual revolutions in the means of production. Emerging theories of sociocultural

evolution reflected a belief that the changes in Europe wrought by the Industrial Revolution and

capitalism were obvious improvements. Industria

Documents

《新gre Issue写作论证论据素材大全》第一大类 社会发展类 素材电子版

《新gre Issue写作论证论据素材大全》第一大类社会发展类素材电子版