Handanija dzamija

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ForewordPredgovor

CHwB was rst approached in 2002 by theImam rom Donji Vaku, e Esad Slipac withthe request to undertake the restoration oHandanija Mosque. This request was stronglysupported by the architect Ferhad Mulabegovi},

at that time the director o the Federal Instituteto Protect Cultural Historical Monuments, andHelen Walasek rom the Bosnian Institute inLondon. Together with the above mentioned,CHwB collected inormation about the mosqueand its role in the cultural lie o Bosnia andHerzegovina and presented this material toSida, the Swedish International DevelopmentCooperation Agency, in 2002. We also requested

nancial support or CHwB to undertake thisrestoration and included the backing o nationaland international scholars in our application.

Grants were approved and we were able tostart the works in August 2003. An additional

grant or the documentation process camerom the Barakat Trust UK through the BosnianInstitute, London.

The work was made possible by the resultingcooperation between CHwB, the Architectural

Faculty at the University o Sarajevo, the IslamicCommunity in Donji Vaku and especially theImam e Sakib Began in Prusac, the villagerswho contributed with whatever they could, andthe contractor Karadrvo.

We want to thank everyone who participatedand contributed to this work and especiallythose volunteers such as the villagers and theimam. Without their devoted participation the

results would not have been the same.


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2002. godine Kulturnom naslije|u bezgranica (CHwB) prvi se obratio Imam iz DonjegVakua, e. Esad Slipac, sa molbom za izvo|enjerestauracije dàmije Handanija. Ovu molbuzdu{no su podràli arhitekt Ferhad Mulabegovi},

tada{nji direktor Federalnog zavoda za za{titukulturno-historijskih spomenika i Helen Walasekiz Bosanskog instituta u Londonu.

Zajedno s pomenutim osobama prikupili smoinormacije o dàmiji i 2002. godine prezentiralimaterijal Sidi (Sida), [vedskoj me|unarodnojagenciji za razvoj i saradnju, sa zahtjevom zanansijsku pomo} za izvo|enje restauracije.Prezentirali smo inormaciju o dàmiji Han-

danija i njenoj ulozi u kulturnom ìvotu Bosnei Hercegovine, a zahtjev je uklju~ivao i podr{kudoma}ih i me|unarodnih nau~nika. Sredstva suodobrena i mogli smo po~eti s radom u augustu2003. Dodatna sredstva za izradu dokumen-

tacije dobili smo od Barakat Trust UK prekoBosanskog Instituta iz Londona.

U izvr{enju radova sara|ivali su CHwB,Arhitektonski akultet Univerziteta u Sarajevu,Islamska zajednica iz Donjeg Vakua i posebno

imam Sakib Began iz Prusca, stanovnici koji suu~estvovali koliko god su mogli i izvo|a~ radovaKaradrvo.

@elimo se zahvaliti svima koji su u~estvovalii dali svoj doprinos u ovom poslu, a posebnoonima koji su dobrovoljno radili, kao {to sustanovnici i Imam. Bez njihovog predanogu~e{}a rezultati ne bi bili isti.


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Entrance porch to the Handanija mosque /Ulazni trijem u Handanija damiju


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10 INTRODUCTION / UVOD

13 HISTORIC REVIEW / HISTORIJSKI PREGLED

13 History o the Place / Historijat mjesta

20 History and Description o the Handanija Mosque / Historija i opis Handanija damije

31 Previous Legal Protection / Ranija zakonska zatita32 THE CHwB PROJECT 2003-2005 / CHwB PROJEKAT 2003-2005

33 The Documentation Phase / Dokumentacijska aza

39 Description o the Major Damages to the Mosque / Opis ve}ih ote}enja na damiji

46 Description o the Materials in the Mosque / Opis koritenih materijala na damiji

51 The Implementation Project / Izvedbeni projekat

65 THE IMPLEMENTATION PHASE / PROCES IZVOENJA

65 The Exterior / Vanjski dio

66 The Construction Order o the Roo and the Dome / Konstrukcija krova i kupole

71 The Minaret / Munara

75 The Arches and Columns o the Porch / Lukovi i stubovi na ulaznom trijemu

77 The Windows / Prozori

90 The Interior / Unutranji dio

90 The Floor / Pod

94 The Mahvil/Gallery / Mahvil ili galerija

101 The Mihrab and Minbar / Mihrab i minber106 The Treatement o the Materials / Tretman materijala

107 CONCLUSIONS / ZAKLJU^CI

112 FACTUAL DETAILS / ^INJENICE

114 SUMMARY / SAETAK

Sadr`ajContent


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Map o Prusac/ Mapa Prusca


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Introduction

Uvod

Kulturno naslije|e bez granica, CHwB,

radi u Bosni i Hercegovini od 1996. godine narestauraciji kulturno-historijskih objekata kojisu o{te}eni tokom rata 1992.-1995., a kao diopodr{ke mladim stru~njacima iz ove oblasti.Sara|ujemo s doma}im mladim stru~njacimadaju}i im priliku da steknu prakti~no iskustvo inau~e kako tuma~iti me|unarodne konvencijeu oblasti restauracije na terenu. Taj posao~esto zahtijeva dodatno tehni~ko znanje o

gra|evinama i materijalima, tako da ponekadorganizujemo radionice, a ~e{}e podr{kustru~njaka, kako u projektnoj azi, tako i u aziizgradnje.

S obzirom da je na{a organizacija mala i radis malim sredstvima i ograni~enim vremenom,mo`emo raditi samo na manjim objektima.Biramo ih pa`ljivo i na osnovu kriterija kao {to

su historijski zna~aj, veli~ina, tako da restaura-torski radovi obuhvataju kvaliciranu podukuiz restauracije. Jedan od kriterija odabira je io~uvanost autenti~nosti objekta, gdje objekatnakon restuarcije dobija svoj izvorni izgled.

Kona~no, poku{avamo izabrati objektekoji podr`avaju strategiju Sida-e u BiH. Ovo

Cultural Heritage without Borders, CHwB,

has been working in Bosnia and Herzegovinasince 1996, restoring cultural historical objectsdamaged in the war 92-95. We have beensupporting and cooperating with local youngproessionals in the eld, by oering themopportunities to gain practical experience andtraining in the hands-on interpretation o inter-national conventions on restoration. In caseswhere the work demanded more advanced

technical knowledge o structures and materi-als, we have arranged workshops or brought inspecialists in both the project phase as well asthe construction phase o the work.

Since our organisation is small and hasmodest means and a limited time span at itsdisposal, we can only undertake less extensiveprojects. We choose them with care in order

to ull our criteria, such as the historicimportance, the size, the damage so thatthe restoration works can provide qualiedrestoration training as well as preserving asmuch o the object as possible so as not tolose its authenticity value. Finally we try tochoose objects that support Sidas strategy in


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zahtijeva razgovore koji uklju~uju vi{e strana,ve}inom doma}e i strane stru~njake i pred-stavnike Sida-e.

Kulturni i historijski zna~aj objekata pro-cjenjuje se zajedno s lokalnim stru~njacima, ali i

stranim kao u ovom slu~aju.Od najve}e va`nosti je mogu}nost da se

sa~uva autenti~nost objekta {to je vi{e mogu}e,jer su ~esto potrebne hitne akcije da se objekatili historijsko svjedo~anstvo sa~uvaju. O~uvanjeautenti~nih dijelova je klju~ni zadatak, zbognjihove historijske vrijednosti i razumijevanjaobjekta koji je oslikava. Zbog toga na{ cilj nije

promijeniti vi{e nego je potrebno iz tehni~kihrazloga; zgrada je nesigurna, materijali suuni{teni na na~in koji uzrokuje dalja razaranja iliznatnu smetnju. Izbjegavamo estetske promjenei naj~e{}e ostavljamo naknadne dogradnje kaosliku historije te gra|evine. Ponekad ipak imarazloga za estetsku izmjenu. To su slu~ajevi kadizmjene uzrokuju tehni~ku {tetu gra|evini, ilikad predstavljaju negativnu izmjenu original-

nog izgleda, remete}i proporcije ili shvatanjeobjekta. Sve intervencije trebaju biti temeljitoanalizirane i prodiskutovane tokom projektneaze i zasnovane na temeljitom poznavanjugra|evine. Do ovih saznanja se dolazi u tokudokumentacijske aze.

S obzirom da radimo s mladim arhitektima izoblasti restauracije, CHwB ima za cilj da na|e

objekte koji pruàju zanimljive restauratorskeprobleme, i koji mogu biti pogodni pedago{kiprimjeri za gore pomenuti proces. DàmijaHandanija je kao projekt pruìla te mogu}nosti.Krova i unutra{nje drvene kupole nije bilo itrebalo ih je rekonstruisati bez zi~kih dokazao prija{njem izgledu. Zidovi dàmije i munara

BiH. This requires a discussion that includesmany parties.

The possibility to save as much as possibleo the authenticity o the object is o greatestimportance because it oten requires urgent

actions not to lose the object nor the historicalevidence. Saving authentic parts is the crucialgoal due to their historical value and theunderstanding o the object they convey. Thereasons why we do not touch or change morethan what is required are purely technical suchas where the structure jeopardizes the securityand there is a risk o collapse, or where materi-

als are so destroyed that they may cause urtherdestruction or considerable discomort.We avoid aesthetic changes and most oten

leave later additions as a record o the historyo the building. Sometimes there are, however,reasons or an aesthetic change, or example, ithe changes are causing technical harm to thebuilding or i they impose a negative changeto the original layout and proportions and

thus impede an understanding o the object.All interventions must be thoroughly analysedand discussed during the project phase and bebased on a thorough knowledge o the building,obtained during the documentation phase. Sincewe are working with young architects in therestoration eld, CHwB aims at nding objectsthat provide interesting restoration problems

and which can be suitable educational examplesor the process mentioned above.The Handanija Mosque as a project provided

these opportunities. The roo and the underlyingwooden dome had been destroyed and had tobe reconstructed without any physical evidenceo the previous design. The mosque had suered


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bili su veoma o{te}eni, ali ta o{te}enja nisubila takvog obima da bi se izgubilo poimanjedàmije. U unutra{njosti su glavni elementi jo{postojali, vapili su za popravkom, ali su sa~uvaliautenti~nost. Dàmija je pruàla zanimljivu

mogu}nost za diskusije o analogiji, jer smomorali napraviti analognu rekonstrukciju~itavog krovnog dijela. Po{to je kupola bila oddrveta, mogli smo koristiti stru~na znanja iz[vedske, gdje su o~uvane mnoge stare drvenekonstrukcije. O{te}enja su pruìla podatke omaterijalima, konstrukciji dàmije i konstruk-tivnim vezama. Dàmija je pruìla zanimljive

mogu}nosti za pedago{ko izu~avanje, a u istovrijeme za spa{avanje zna~ajnog kulturno-historijskog objekta u ratom razorenoj Bosni iHercegovini.

Izvo|a~ Karadrvo je bio odabran krozpoziv za izvo|a~ke radove. Radovi su po~elirekonstrukcijom krova i kupole u jesen 2004.a zavr{eni su u jesen 2005. kada je dàmijaponovo otvorena u prisustvu ekselencija,

Reisul-uleme Mustae e. Ceri}a, [vedskogambasadora Lars-Erik Wingren-a, i potpred-sjednika upravnog odbora Fondacije CHwB,gdina Andreasa dahla. Doma}in ceremonijeotvaranja je bio Prusa~ki Imam, Sakib e. Began.

major damage to its walls and minaret butthis damage was not so extensive that theunderstanding o the mosque was lost. The mainelements o its interior still managed to preservesome o its authenticity but were in bad need

o repair. The mosque provided a possibility oran interesting study o analogical examples osimilar roo and dome structures since we hadto make an analogical reconstruction o thewhole roo structure. Because the dome hadbeen made o wood, we were able to call onexpert knowledge rom Sweden, where manyold wooden constructions have been preserved.

The damage provided us with inormation o thematerials, the structure o the mosque as wellas their joints and connections.

The mosque presented an interestingpossibility or a hands-on educational study.At the same time the restoration works savedan important cultural historic object damagedduring the war between 1992 and 1995.

The contractor Karadrvo was chosen ater a

competitive tendering process or the construc-tion works. They started with covering themosque and reconstructing the roo and thedome in the autumn o 2004 and the workswere completed in the ollowing autumn whenthe mosque was re-inaugurated in the presenceo their Excellencies

Reisul ulema Mustaa e Ceri}, the Swedish

Ambassador Mr. Lars-Erik Wingren, and thevice-president o CHwB Mr. Andreas dahl.The opening ceremony was hosted by Imam oPrusac Sakib e Began.


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History of the Place

Prusac

The village o Prusac (pop. c. 1,800) lies on thePrusa~ka River approximately 5 km south-easto Donji Vaku in Central Bosnia. Prusac holdsa special place in the cultural, intellectual andspiritual history o Bosnia. The medieval Castle oPrusac lay on the main route connecting Bosniawith the Dalmatian coast. The Ottoman Turkslater extended the stronghold (known now as

Biograd or Akhisar in Turkish). The only settle-ment in the Uskoplje region developed as a townby the Ottoman administration, Prusac becamea major military, administrative and legal centre.However, its transormation in the late 16th/early17th centuries into an important cultural andreligious centre was due to the activities o therenowned administrator, scholar and beneactor,

Hasan Ka Pru{~ak (see below). During the 17thand 18th centuries the town maintained its roleas one o the most signicant centres o BosnianIslamic culture during the Ottoman period. Apartrom the writers and translators who wrotein Bosan~ica, Arabic, Latin and Cyrillic scripts,Prusac was also the home to a amous school o

Historic Review

Historijat mjesta

Prusac

Selo Prusac (oko 1800 stanovnika) leìna Prusa~koj rijeci, oko 5 km jugoisto~no odDonjeg Vakua, u srednjoj Bosni. Prusac imaposebno mjesto u kulturnoj, intelektualnoji duhovnoj historiji Bosne. Srednjevjekovnaprusa~ka tvr|ava leì na glavnom pravcukoji povezuje Bosnu s dalmatinskom obalom.Osmanlije su utvrdu naknadno pro{irili (sada

poznata kao Biograd, ili Akhisar na turskom).Prusac, kao jedino naselje u regionu Uskopljakoje je osmanska uprava razvila kao grad,postao je glavno vojno, administrativno ipravno sredi{te. Me|utim, njegova preobrazbau va`no kulturno i vjersko sredi{te krajem 16. ipo~etkom 17. stolje}a odigrala se zahvaljuju}idjelatnosti poznatog namjesnika, nau~nika i

dobrotvora, Hasana Ka Pru{~aka (vidi dalje).Tokom 17. i 18. stolje}a grad je zadrào ulogujednog od najzna~ajnijih mjesta bosanskeislamske kulture iz osmanskog perioda. Poredpisaca i prevodilaca koji su pisali bosan~icom,arapskim pismom, latinicom i }irilicom, Prusacje tako|er bio dom ~uvene {kole kaligraje.

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View on the ortress romthe minaret balcony /Pogled na utvr|enje sabalkona munare


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calligraphy. Another element in its importancein the spiritual lie o Bosnia is the towns role inthe annual pilgrimage to Ajvatovica , the mostimportant pilgrimage site in the country orBosnian Muslims (see below). Prusac has been

described as the the Bosnian Mecca by thenoted German scholar, Dr Franz Babinger.

Hasan Kai Pru{~ak(1544 1615/1616)

Hasan Ka Pru{~ak has been called themost outstanding personality o Islamic aca-

demia in the intellectual lie o Bosnia at theend o the 16th, beginning o the 17th century.1. while H. T. Norris in Islam in the Balkans,states that Hasan Ka ranks high among Otto-man authors. Born in Prusac, he was educatedin Istanbul and returned to his birthplace atthe age o 30. He was a prolic scholar, writingworks on philosophy, metaphysics, philology,Islamic jurisprudence, Islamic dogma, history

and politics.His best known work and masterpiece is Usul

al-hikam t nizam al-alem (The bases o wisemaxims in regard to the systematic orderingo the world). It was translated into French asearly as 1824 by the acclaimed Oriental scholarGarcin de Tassy, as well as into Turkish, German,Hungarian and Bosnian. As a reward or his

most amous work the Sultan awarded him thePru{a~ki kadiluk. During his time as administra-tor Hasan Ka Pru{~ak became a beneactor ohis native town, building a mosque, primary andsecondary Muslim religious schools (mekteb andmedresah), a dervish tekija, an inn (han), and awater supply.

Drugi element, zna~ajan za duhovni ìvot Bosne,je uloga grada u godi{njem hodo~a{}u naAjvatovicu, za bosanske muslimane najva`nijemjesto hodo~a{}a u zemlji (vidi dalje). Dr. FranzBabinger, poznati njema~ki nau~nik, opisao je

Prusac kao bosansku Meku.

Hasan Kai Pru{~ak(1544. 1615./1616.)

Hasan Ka Pru{~ak nazvan je najistaknu-tijom li~no{}u islamskog akademskog svijetau intelektualnom ìvotu Bosne s kraja 16. i

po~etka 17. stolje}a, a H. T. Norris, u djeluIslam na Balkanu, kaè da Hasan Ka Pru{~akima visoko mjesto me|u osmanskim auto-rima. Ro|en u Pruscu, obrazovanje je stekao uIstanbulu i vratio se u rodni grad sa 30 godina.Bio je plodan nau~nik, pisao je djela iz lozoje,metazike, lologije, islamskog prava, islam-skog u~enja, historije i politike.

Njegovo najpoznatije i remek djelo je Usul

al-hikam t nizam al-alem (Temelji mudrostio uredbi svijeta). Ve} 1824. godine djelo je narancuski jezik preveo priznati orijentalist Garcinde Tassy, a prevedeno je i na turski, njema~ki,ma|arski i bosanski jezik. Kao nagradu zanjegovo najslavnije djelo Sultan mu je dodijelioPrusa~ki kadiluk. U vrijeme kad je bio namjesn-ik, Hasan Ka Pru{~ak postaje dobrotvorom

svog rodnog grada grade}i dàmiju, osnovnei srednje vjerske {kole (mektebe i medrese),dervi{ku tekiju, han i vodovod.


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The horse riders rom all over BiHKonjanici iz cijele BiH


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Ajvatovica and Ajvaz-dedoThe oldest pilgrimage site or BosnianMuslims is located about seven kilometresrom Prusac. The legend o Ajvaz-dedo and thedeparture or the pilgrimage near his stone on

the seventh Monday o the year (Jurjevo) is atradition which has been carried on by genera-tions o Bosnian Muslims. It was banned duringthe Communist period and renewed in 1990.Since then tens o thousands o Muslim haveparticipated in the pilgrimage to Ajvatovica topray the Rain Dova. The procession gathersat the Handanija Mosque beore departing or

Ajvatovica.

Ajvatovica

The legend says that Ajvaz-dedo came toBosnia with Sultan Fatih charged with spreadingIslam in Uskoplje; he settled in Prusac where helater died. The legend continues that Ajvaz-dedo built the water supply system in Prusac,

bringing it through wooden pipes carried romas ar as a spring on Mount [uljaga. However,an enormous rock made it dicult or him tobring the water pipes to Prusac, so Ajvaz-dedodecided to go out to the mountain every morn-ing or orty days and pray to God to create agap in the mountain. On the ortieth morning,as he was praying, he ell asleep and dreamed

o two white rams who hit the rock and split it.When he awoke, he saw the split rock and car-ried the water pipe through to Prusac. Peoplecalled the rock ater Ajvaz-Dedo and the springwas named Ajvatovica. The water supply systemwas rebuilt by Hasan Ka Pru{}ak, who alsobuilt a domed turbe over Ajvaz-Dedos grave.

Ajvatovica i Ajvaz-dedoNajstarije mjsto hodo~a{}a bosanskihmuslimana smje{teno je oko sedam kilometaraod Prusca. Legenda o Ajvaz-dedi i odlasku nahodo~a{}e do njegove stijene svakog sedmog

ponedjeljka u godini (Jurjevo) je tradicija kojubosanski muslimani prenose generacijama. Zavrijeme komunisti~kog perioda bila je zabran-jena, a obnovljena je 1990. godine. Od tadaje hodo~a{}e u Ajvatovicu obavilo i izmoliloKi{nu dovu na desetine hiljada muslimana.Hodo~asnici se prije polaska za Ajvatovicuokupljaju u Handanija dàmiji.

Ajvatovica

Legenda kaè da je Ajvaz-dedo do{ao uBosnu sa sultanom Fatihom, sa zadatkom da{iri islam u Uskoplju; nastanio se u Pruscu, gdjeje kasnije i umro. Po legendi Ajvaz-dedo je uPruscu sagradio vodovod sa drvenim cijevimakoje su donosile vodu od izvora na planini

[uljaga. Me|utim, ogromna stijena sprije~ila gaje da cijevi dovede do Prusca, pa je Ajvaz-dedoodlu~io da ~etrdeset dana svako jutro ide uplaninu i moli Boga da stvori prolaz u planini.êtrdesetog jutra, dok se molio, zaspao je isanjao dva bijela ovna koji su udarili u stijenui razbili je. Kad se probudio, vidio je rascjep ustijeni i tu postavio cijevi koje su odvele vodu u

Prusac. Ljudi su stijenu nazvali po Ajvaz-dedi, aizvor je nazvan Ajvatovica. Vodovod je obnovioHasan Ka Pru{~ak koji je tako|er sagradioturbe na Ajvaz-dedinom grobu.


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The rock / stijena


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The SitePrusac is spread prominently along anundulating horseshoe-shaped ridge in the openhilly terrain o green elds typical o this parto Central Bosnia, surrounded on all sides by

higher wooded hills. The complex around theHasan Kaja mosque and the remains o thecastle with its 17th century clock tower (sahatkula) and medieval grad roughly punctuatethe two ends o the horseshoe. The mahale(neighbourhoods) cluster around the mosqueswhose minarets punctuate the sky. The town ischaracterized by the retention o local traditional

principles o building placement where theoriginal proto-urban matrix is still evident. Thetown orms a rich complex o historic sacral andsecular monuments, among them the HandanijaMosque (1617); the complex around the HasanKaja Mosque (1606) with the medresa andtekija (1612) with Hasan Kajas turbe (tomb);the Malko~eva Mosque (1829/30); Ajvaz-dedosturbe; the clock tower (1633) and the remains

o the castle o Biograd. The population o thevillage has remained largely unchanged over thecenturies - thus the many historic monumentsstill retain the prominence in the urban abricthat they had during Prusacs heyday in the1600s and 1700s. It is a sensitive site o greatnatural beauty with the traditional groupingso structures in the settlement and the height

reerences o the minarets orming an harmoni-ous ensemble, highly visible rom all approaches,with the Handanija Mosque a signicant elementin the whole.

Helen Walasek,The Bosnian Institute in London, UK

Lokal itetPrusac se proteè du` jednog potkovi~astoggrebena na otvorenom brdovitom terenu sazelenim poljanama tipi~nim za srednju Bosnu,a sa svih strana okruèn je vi{im {umovitim

brdima. Kompleks oko Hasan Kajine dàmijei ostaci tvr|ave sa sahat kulom iz 17. stolje}ai srednjovjekovnog grada ugrubo ozna~avajukrajeve potkovice. Mahale su zbijene okodàmija ~iji se minareti uzdiù u nebo. Za gradje karakteristi~no da su zadràna tradicionalnalokalna na~ela gradnje sa i dalje vidljivomizvornom protourbanom matricom. Grad ~ini

bogat kompleks historijskih vjerskih i svjetovnihspomenika, me|u kojima su Handanija dàmija(1617.), kompleks oko Hasan Kajine dàmije(1606.) s medresom i tekija (1612.) s turbetomHasana Kjaje; Malko~eva dàmija (1829./30.);Ajvaz-dedino turbe; sahat-kula (1633.) iostaci Biograda. Stanovni{tvo je kroz stolje}auglavnom ostalo nepromijenjeno tako da sumnogi historijski spomenici zadràli urbanisti~ki

zna~aj koji su imali u zlatnim danima Prusca u17. i 18. stolje}u. Ovo je osjetljiv lokalitet velikeprirodne ljepote, s tradicionalno grupisanimgra|evinama i visokim minaretima koji ~ineskladnu cjelinu, sa Handanija dàmijom kaozna~ajnim elementom u cjelini.

Helen WalasekBosanski Institut u Londonu, UK


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The Handanija Mosque was built in 1617according to the chronograms ound above theentrance doors to the mosque and the entrance

door to the graveyard enclosure (the harem),which surrounds the mosque. The mosquereceived its name rom its ounder, Handanaga, a rich Ottoman ocer (Handan-agina,Handan-begova, Handanija). The tombstoneover his grave still exists in the harem, behindthe mihrab wall.

The mosque is located in the centre o thevillage, not ar rom the medieval ortress on the

nearby hill. Throughout its history the mosquehas been a centre o cultural and religious liein Prusac.

The mosque contains the only ceramic leas1that can be ound in Bosnia-Herzegovina. Theleas were a git given to the Islamic communityrom one o the travelling Muslim intellectu-

Lea lines taken rom Quran written as a combina-tion o calligraphy and scenes rom religious to everyday lie

* Here the Islamic community is reerred to an umma,not to an ofcial Institution, as in 7th century BiHwas under the rule o the kaliat rom Instanbul. Thechange in the organisation o the Islamic religiouscommunity happened at the end o the 9th century.

History and Descriptionof the Handanija Mosque

Dàmija Handanija izgra|ena je 1617.

godine. Godina se vidi na hronogramimana|enim iznad ulaznih vrata i iznad kapije

harema koji okruùje dàmiju. Dàmija jenazvana po svom osniva~u, Handan-agi, bo-gatom osmanskom slu`beniku (Handanagina,Handanbegova, Handanija). Danas je jo{ vidljivnjegov nadgrobni spomenik, a nalazi se uharemu, iza zida mihraba.

Gra|evina zauzima sredi{nje mjesto uselu, nedaleko od srednjevjekovne utvrde naobli`njem brdu. Dàmija je kroz historiju bila

sredi{te kulturnog i vjerskog ìvota Prusca.U dàmiji su jedine kerami~ke levhe1 koje

se mogu na}i u BiH. Levhe su bile poklonislamskoj zajednici od jednog putuju}egmuslimanskog intelektualca koji je posjetiodàmiju . Tokom gotovo 300-godi{nje historijedàmije ove tri ukra{ene kerami~ke plo~e, odkojih dvije prikazuju Harem u Mekki i Harem u

Levha - stihovi iz Kurana napisani u kombinacijikaligrafje i prizora iz vjerskog i svakodnevnog ivota

* Ovdje se islamska zajednica odnosi na ummu, ane na zvani~nu instituciju, jer su muslimani Bosne iHercegovine u 7. stolje}u bili pod vla{}u kaliata izIstanbula. Promjena u organizaciji Islamske vjerskezajednice dogodila se krajem 9. stolje}a

Historijat i opis

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als who visited the mosque. Throughout themosques nearly 300 years o history these threedecorated ceramic plaques, o which two depictthe Harem in Mekka and the Harem in Medina,while the third shows quotations rom Kuran,

hung on the qibla wall.The Handanija Mosque represents an

important example o Bosno-HerzegovinianIslamic heritage due to the numerous originalparts rom the 17th century that are ound in itsinterior and due to its long cultural and religioushistory.

The mosque has a rectangular plan, which

measures 16,30m x 12,70m, with the minaretpartially built into the southeast wall. Theinterior space is a single spaced room with awooden dome covered by a hipped roo. Thebuilding is built o stone, using our types olimestone. The walls are plastered and white

Medini, a na tre}oj su citati iz Kurana, visile suna zidu mihraba.

Dàmija Handanija predstavlja zna~ajanprimjer bosanskohercegova~kog naslije|a, jersu brojni originalni dijelovi iz 17. stolje}a na|eni

sa~uvani u unutra{njosti, a dodatnu vrijednost~ini njena duga kulturna i vjerska historija.

Dàmija ima ~etvrtastu osnovu dimenzija16,30 m x 12,70 m, s munarom djelimi~nougra|enom u jugoisto~ni zid. Unutra{njost sesastoji od jedne prostorije nadsvo|ene drvenomunutra{njom kupolom. îtava gra|evina jeizgra|ena od ~etiri vrste kamena kre~njaka,

a svi su prekre~eni i premalterisani (izuzevprozorskih arhitrava). Ovo je jedina dàmija uPruscu s kamenom munarom. Krov je danaspokriven crijepom.

Dàmija Handanija je u na~elu poznata kaogra|evina zbog dva arhitektonska elementa:izvanrednog ulaznog arkadnog trijema i

The leas / Levhe


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washed (with the exception o the windowarchitraves).

It is the only mosque in Prusac with a stoneminaret. The roo is today covered with ter-racotta tiles.

Handanija mosque has two exceptionalarchitectonic elements: its remarkable arcadedentrance porch and an eight-sided segmentedwooden dome in the interior.

The porch has ve pointed arches. The archeshave no carved decoration but traces show anearlier colouring with three colours in segments.The columns o the arches are short and thick

with a polygonal cross section. The capitalsare decorated with an ornament, known in theOttoman architecture as a chevran. The samedecoration is visible at the points where thearches meet the walls on each side o the porch.The bases o the columns are large with slightlydecorated rounded corners. The columns withthe capital, shat and base are o one piece ostone. The low and strong proportions o the

porch lack the slender elegance ound in someother contemporary mosques. This is more anexpression o regional Classical mosque archi-tecture and can be ound in other mosques inBosnia and Herzegovina as in Travnik or Stolacalthough the proportions o the Handanijaarcade are probably the chubbiest.

The other exceptional eature is an

eight-sided segmented wooden dome thatencompasses the whole interior, orming onespace. The octagonal dome is broken into oursegments, which causes a geometrical compli-cation elegantly solved in the rectangular ceilingpattern. The central top part o the dome is fatand called soraluk. A wrought iron chandelier

osmostrane segmentirane drvene kupole nadunutra{njim prostorom.

Arkada s pet istaknutih lukova ~ini uo~ljivulazni trijem. Kamen lukova nema ukle-sanih dekoracija, ali dublji slojevi maltera

na lukovima imali su tragove oslikavanjau odsje~cima od tri boje. Stubovi koji noselukove veoma su jaki, debeli i vi{eugaoni napopre~nom presjeku, dok su kapiteli dekorisaniukrasom poznatim u osmanskoj arhitekturi kao{evran. Ista dekoracija vidi se na mjestima gdjese lukovi spajaju s bo~nim zidovima. Osnovestubova su velike, s diskretno ukra{enim

zaobljenim uglovima.Stubovi sa kapitelima, tijelom i bazomsu napravljeni od jednog komada kamena.Proporcije trijema/soa nisu izrazito elegantne,kao {to je to slu~aj na drugim dàmijama izistog perioda. Ovo je regionalni izraz klasi~neosmanske arhitekture. Sli~ne karakteristikese mogu na}i na drugim dàmijama u Bosni iHercegovini, kao u Travniku, Stocu, premda su

proporcije ulaznog trijema na Handanija dàmijinajzdepastije.

Jo{ jedna iznimna karakteristika Handanijadàmije je osmostrana segmentirana drvenakupola koja nadsvo|uje unutra{njost, ~ine}ijednu prostoriju. Lukovi kupole koji su pre-lomljeni ~etiri puta, doseù do ravnog dijelastropa, zvanog soraluk, odakle visi luster od

kovanog èljeza. Stropne plo~e, zakucanedirektno na okvir, u~vr{}uju okvir kupole.Plaon je ukra{en rubnim da{~icama ukra{enimljiljanima, a polukru`ne da{~ice su zakucane zastropne plo~e, ~ine}i pravougaonu {emu. Strop


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hangs here. The ceiling boards are naileddirectly onto the dome rame and its stiens.The ceiling is decorated with edge boards withlily decorations cut in wood, while semicircularmouldings that are nailed on the ceiling boards

orm an orthogonal pattern on the entire ceiling.It is painted in two colours, iron oxid andchrome green2.

In the undecorated walls o the mosque thewindows become important elements. They arein two rows; those on the ground foor haveorthogonal stone architraves, while those on thegallery level have arched architraves o plaster.

Inside the window openings are closed withwooden shutters, which protected the buildingrom the wind beore the glass panels wereinserted. The shutters are made o one piece owhite pine o excellent quality.

The gallery (or mahl) is three sided with twolonger sides along the south and north sides othe mosque, while the third and middle part isabove entrance wall. The ceilings above and un-

der the mahvil are fat, decorated as the dome,with wooden boards, with an orthogonal pat-tern o mouldings but with additional mouldingsthat orm a star pattern on the ceiling abovethe entrance. In the interior the minbar and themihrab dominate the space. The structure othe mihrab is considered to be one o the mostbeautiul ones in Bosnia-Herzegovina, with its

muqarnas in seven layers o stone.The Handanija mosque was damaged duringthe war in 1993. Due to several direct hits toits walls, roo, and minaret suered severe

During the restoration process the colours that wereused originally were defned as these shades o colour.

je obojen u dvije boje, èljezni oksid i hromzelenu2.

Na nedekorisanim zidovima dàmije, prozoripostaju biti vaàn elemenat. Oni su postavljeniu dva reda : prozori na prizemlju su uokvireni

kamenim {enbranama, dok su prozori na prvomspratu nadsvo|eni. S unutra{nje strane prozorisu zatvoreni nim drvenim kapcima koji su {titilidàmiju od vjetra prije nego je ugra|eno staklo.Kapci su napravljeni od jednog komada bijeleborovine izvrsne kvalitete.

Galerija (mahl) je trostrana. Ima dvije duèstrane du` ju`ne i sjeverne strane dàmije, dok

je tre}i i srednji dio iznad ulaznog zida. Stropmahla je ravan, ukra{en drvenim letvicamakoje ~ine pravougaonu {emu te zvjezdastu {emuiznad vrata.

U unutra{njosti prostorom dominiraju minberi mihrab. Struktura mihraba se smatra jednomod najljep{ih u Bosni i Hercegovini, s mukarna-sima u sedam nivoa kamena.

Dàmija Handanija o{te}ena je 1993. godine.

Zbog nekoliko direktnih pogodaka granatamapretrpjela je ozbiljna o{te}enja zidova, krova iminareta. Krovna konstrukcija je u potpunostiuni{tena, dok je ostatak konstrukcije bio te{koo{te}en. îtav objekat je bio uzdrman. Pomi-jeranja nekolicine gra|evnih elemenata bilasu vidljiva, posebno u minaretu i na zidovimapored prozora.

Zgrada nije bila za{ti}ena do 1998., kadje izgra|en privremeni krov radi spre~avanjadaljeg propadanja. Plastika kori{tena zaprivremeni krov bila je lo{eg kvaliteta i UV zraci

U toku restauracije ove dvije boje su defnisane kaoizvorno koritene boje


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damage. The roo construction was completelydestroyed while the rest o the structure wasdamaged. Some o the dislodged elementscould be ound in the Harem, especially romthe minaret but also rom the walls.

The structure was let unprotected until1998 when a temporary emergency roo wasconstructed to prevent urther deterioration. Theplastic used on this temporary roo was o poorquality and became damaged by UV radiation.This resulted in the continuous exposure oall interior elements including the foor, walls,mahvil, mihrab and minbar, to the weather.

Due to this improper protection the conditiono the mosque continued to worsen ater the war.The roo was completely destroyed by re. The

inner dome burnt down entirely. No visible traceso the dome ceiling or construction could beound except or the corner beams o ceiling.

More depredation to the interior occurredwhen the villagers, living under siege condi-tions, removed allen wooden elements rom

the mosque to use or heating during the winter.The roo o the minaret was completely lost,

while the minaret shat had several holes romgrenade hits, which jeopardized its stability.Thereore the upper part had to be dismantled.This was done to the ourth layer above theminaret balcony (serea). We noted a verticalalignment o 9 cm but have no proo o when

it occurred. Three steps, between rows XV andXVIII, in the interior o the minaret were missing.Parts o the walls were much damaged by

hits that caused dierent size holes on all ouracades. The holes ranged rom more than onemeter in diameter to small ones. The existingcement plaster had partly allen, and bulged

su je o{tetili. To je imalo za posljedicu da su sviunutra{nji elementi, uklju~uju}i pod, zidove,mahvil, mihrab i minber, bili stalno izloènivremenskim uticajima. Zbog neprimjereneza{tite stanje objekta dàmije bilo je gore nego

nakon ratnih o{te}enja.Krov je potpuno uni{ten u poàru. Unutra{nja

kupola je potpuno izgorjela. Nakon poàranije ostalo nikakvih vidljivih tragova stropai konstrukcije kupole. Ostali su samo ugaonidijelovi stropnih greda krova.

Najgore pusto{enje unutra{njosti desilose kad su seljani koji su ìvjeli pod opsadom

odnijeli iz dàmije drvene dijelove koji su pali, izimi ih koristili za grijanje.Krov munare je bio potpuno uni{ten, dok

je na asadi munare bilo vidljivo nekolikoo{te}enja koja su predstavljala opasnost zastabilnost objekta. Vi{i dijelovi munare sumorali biti demontirani. Vertikalno poravnanje jebilo pomjereno za 9 cm, za {ta mi nismo imalidokaze kada se desilo. U unutra{njosti minareta

tri stepenice izme|u redova XV i XVIII potpunosu nedostajale.

Dijelovi zida bili su te{ko o{te}eni, s nekolikoozbiljnih pukotina na sve ~etiri asade. Veli~inapukotina na asadi je bila od 1 metra u promjerupa do nekoliko centimetara. Postoje}i cementnimalter je bio djelimi~no otpao, a djelimi~no sepodklobu~io. Male rupe od gelera su se vre-

menom pove}ale zbog ki{nice koja se u njimaskupljala i koja je prodirala u konstrukciju, bezmogu}nosti isu{ivanja iste. Dalja o{te}enja sunastala zbog mraza.

Ulazna arkada u trijemu objekat je bilao{te}ena. Dva stuba su postala nestabilnazbog pukotina, a dva kamena pored sredi{njeg


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windowdetails

W20

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A:00:42,4

4,4

5

W19

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innerdetails-mihrab

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innerdetails-mimbar

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entrancetominaret

ALLMEASUREMENTSARE

INCENTIMETERS

ALLMEASUREMENTS

MUSTBECHECKED

ONTHESITEBEFORE

STARTINGTHEWORKS

REFERENCES

REQUIREMENTS

EXPLANATIONS

placedamagedby

humidity/dijelovi

ostecenivlagom

walldamages

/ostecenjazida

cavitywall

/postojecizid

LEGEND

+6.75

+5.78

+3.71

+0.221

-0.149

+2.10

+6.72

+0.203+0.08

+0.26

+0.00

+2.04

+0.00

W4 W6 W7

minaret section

A:00:18

A:00:81A:00:84

W19 W20A:00:52W17

A:00:52

D4, A:00:63

columns A:00:64 columns A:00:64

33

46

4.

3

160

.8

37

188.5

117.4

186.8

119,6

127.3

13

2.2

20

94.3

9 7

2 m1 m0.20

A B

C

E

D

F

Prusac, Donji Vakuf Municipality

CROSS SECTION 1-1Drawing:

HANDANIJA MOSQUEdocumentation project

Location:


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W11

W12

D12entrancetominaret

A:00:62

W1

Sh2

A:00:46

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Ec2exteriorporchcolumns

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MUSTBECHECKED

ONTHESITEBEFORE

STARTINGTHEWORKS

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ALLMEASUREMENTSARE

INCENTIMETERS

EXPLANATIONS

pod dzamije +0.00

+0.27 +0.25 +0.23 +0.205

+2.02

+3.08

+0.00 +0.00

W11 W12 W13D12

W1 W2Sh2 D2 D1Ec2

A:00:21

W14

undefined layers of wall

7 1 8

99.2

413 3.2 25

25.22520

70.2

63,27

87.7

72,531.2

77

10,822.5

3125.7

56.7

106,81

2 m1 m0.20

A B

C

E

D

F


LONGITUDINAL SECTION 2-2Drawing:


Location:


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out on several places due to humidity. The smallshrapnel holes allowed rainwater to penetratebehind the plaster without a possibility to dryout. Thus the rost caused even more damage.

The porch was also damaged. Two columns

became more unstable when existing cracksworsened. Two stones near the keystone inthe middle arch were sliding out and riskingthe arch because it had suered direct hit. Theplaster was partially destroyed revealing thetraces o a beautiul original segmented coloredplaster underneath.

The rst foor windows were the most dam-

aged. The window on the southeast wall, on theright side o the minaret was missing, replacedby a huge hole with loose stones. Some o the

kamena u sredini luka klizila su, dovode}i luku opasnost, jer je pretrpio direktan pogodak.Malter je djelimi~no bio uni{ten, otkrivaju}itragove prekrasnog originalnog segmentnoobojenog maltera.

Prozori na prvom spratu su bili dostao{te}eni. Prozor na jugoisto~nom zidu, desnood minareta, potpuno je bio potpuno izbijen,ostavljaju}i veliku rupu sa preostalim kamen-jem koje je bilo rasklimano. Neki o èljeznihprozorskih okvira su zbog detonacija izbijeni izsvojih pozicija.

Prozori u prizemlju su bili u ne{to boljem

stanju. Kamene {enbrane bile su djelimi~noslomljene. O{te}enja ovih kamenih elemenatasu vi{e bila posljedica mraza i nepravilnog

Handanija mosque beoreinterventions in 1972 /

Handanija dàmija prijeintervencija 1972.

Handanija mosque aterdestruction during 1992-1995 / Handanija dàmijaposlije uni{tenja tokom1992-1995


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iron window rames were knocked out o theirpositions by the orce o the detonations.

The ground foor windows were in a bettercondition. The stone architraves were partiallybroken. The damage to these stone elements

was caused more by time and rost and anincorrect cutting o the original stone thandestruction in the war.

The interior elements were also badly dam-aged due to shrapnel and exposure.

The gallery foor had rotten due to constantexposure to rain and snow. The inner partso the construction survived but the constant

humidity resulted in the development oungus that covered many o the beams andcaused rot.

rezanja originalnog kamena, nego ratniho{te}enja.

Unutra{nji elementi tako|er su bili ozbiljnoo{te}eni gelerima i curenjem s krova.

Pod galerije je istrunuo zbog stalne

izlo`enosti ki{i i snijegu. Unutra{nji dijelovidjelimi~no su opstali, ali stalno prisustvo vlagedovelo je do razvoja gljivica koje su pokrileve}i dio unutra{njih greda, {to je uzrokovalotruljenje.

Kapiteli stubova su ostali suhi, jer su biliza{ti}eni galerijom, ali su njihove osnovepotpuno istrunule zbog stalno mokrog poda.

Pod d`amije, kako gornji sloj drveta, takoi donja betonska konstrukcija, bio je potpunouni{ten od ki{e i vlage.


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The capitals o the columns were kept drybeing protected under the gallery structure,while the bases were completely rotten due tothe constantly wet foor.

The top wooden layer o the mosque foor

was completely destroyed due to rainwater andhumidity and the concrete structure below wasvery wet as well.

The mihrab was damaged by a direct hitin the qibla wall. The upper right part o itsstructure had collapsed, while the crownremained untouched. All the stone pieces thatwere exposed to water had deteriorated due

to the constant washing out. The stalactites(muqarnas) were almost intact, except or thetop layer described above.

The minbar was in a worse condition. Thecomplete entrance crown had allen down, aswell as the right side o the minbar ence. Theallen ragments o the entrance crown wereonly slightly damaged, while the ence stonewas totally destroyed.

The interior plaster had allen down rommost o the walls on the rst foor, while moreo the plaster remained on the ground foor.Shrapnel had caused much damage to theplaster, which grew worse due to constanthumidity. In many areas changes in colour andorm occurred and the plaster was bulging.The damage and the washing out o the walls

revealed traces o earlier colours on the interiorwalls. The colouring schemes above windowsin the ground foor and the rst foor becameevident.

Traces o wall inscriptions were ound abovethe mihrab as well.

Mihrab je bio o{te}en direktnim pogotkom uzid mihraba. Gornji desni dio njegove konstruk-cije se sru{io, a kruna je ostala netaknuta. Svidijelovi kamena koji su bili izloèni vodi raspalisu se zbog stalnog ispiranja. Mukarnasi su ostali

gotovo netaknute, izuzev gornjeg reda koji jepao zajedno s konstrukcijom.

Minber je bio u lo{ijem stanju. îtavaulazna kruna je pala, kao i ~itava desna stranaograde. Otpali dijelovi ulazne krune nisu bilitako o{te}eni, ali je kamen ograde bio potpunouni{ten.

Unutra{nji malter je otpao s ve}eg dijela

zidova na prvom spratu, dok je u prizemljuostalo vi{e maltera. Na malteru je bilo o{te}enjaod gelera, i zbog stalne vlage vidjele su sepromjene boje, a do{lo je i do klobu~enja.O{te}enja od gelera i ispiranje zidova otkrili sutragove boja na unutra{njim zidovima. Obojene{eme bile su uo~ljive iznad prozora prizemljai prvog sprata. Iznad mihraba su se pojavili itragovi natpisa na zidu.

Raniji restauracijski radovi su vidljivi nastrukturi dàmije. Iz oto-dokumentacije vidimoda je krov od drvene {indre zamijenjen crijepomtokom ~etrdesetih ili pedesetih. Ne moèmobiti sigurni da li je i krovna konstrukcija zami-jenjena i da li se nagib krova malo promijenio.Republi~ki zavod za za{titu spomenika je 1972.godine radio posljednju restauraciju dàmije.

Tokom tog postupka kameni pod zamijenjen jebetonsko/drvenim podom, a zidovi su poprav-ljani ~eli~nim i betonskim oja~anjima, kaoza{tita od zemljotresa. Tako|er je zamijenjeni pod u predvorju. Nakon ovih zahvata zidovisu premalterisani cementnim malterom, koji jeostao do razaranja u ratu 1992.-1995.


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There had been previous restoration workson the mosque. From photo documentationwe could see that the roo had been changedsometimes in the 40s or 50s rom a woodenshingle roo to a brick roo. We were however,

not sure i the roo construction and oo anglewere changed.

The Republic Institute or Protection oMonuments carried out the last restorationwork on the mosque in 1972. The restorationworks included the change rom a stone foorto a concrete/wooden foor, the change o thefoor in the porch, reinorcements in steel and

concrete as earthquake protection on two levelso the walls, wood cladding on the interior wallsto 1,2 m height and change o plaster rom limeplaster to cement plaster. It remained like thisuntil the 1992-1995 war.

Previous Legal Protection

The building was listed as a Category 1National Monument beore the war. Duringthe 1992-1995 war the building was heavilydamaged. Ater reviewing the architecturalcondition o the mosque, The State Commissionto Preserve National Monuments listed thebuilding as an endangered monument in 2002.

The restoration works started in October

2003; In Spring in 2005 the Commission desig-nated the mosque as a National Monument.

Ranija pravna zatita

Objekat se prije rata naao na popisunacionalnih spomenika u Kategoriji 1. Tokomrata zgrada je teko ote}ena. Nakon uvida

u arhitektonsko stanje damije, Komisija zao~uvanje nacionalnih spomenika Bosne i Herce-govine uvrstila je zgradu na popis kao ugroenispomenik 2002.

Restauratorski radovi po~eli su u oktobru2003., a u prolje}e 2005. Komisija je proglasiladamiju nacionalnim spomenikom.


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The whole project was carried out as

cooperation between two master studentsrom the postgraduate studies at the Faculty oArchitecture in Sarajevo, Amra aran~i} and ElaTurkui}, and two young restoration architectsemployed by CHwB, Lejla Hadi} and DamirHadi}, under the management and guidance othe CHwB project leader architect and proessorTina Wik.

Salko Kuluk~ija and Mustaa Humo, civil

engineers at INTERPROJEKT in Mostar underthe managemant and guidance o engineerKrister Berggren rom Sweden, carried out thestructural part.

The Faculty o Architecture, pro dr Vjeko-slava Sankovi} Sim~i} and pro dr MuhammedHamidovi} carried out the revision o the projector the rehabilitation permit.

The whole project phase lasted rom August2003 until February 2005.

Cijeli projekat je bio napravljen u vidu

saradnje izme|u dva studenta postdiplomskogstudija Arhitektonskog akulteta u Sarajevu,Amre aran~i} i Ele Turkui}, dva arhitektarestauratora zaposlena od strane CHwB-a, LejleHadi} i Damira Hadi}a, pod vo|stvom projektmenadera CHwB-a Tine Wik.

Salko Kulku~ija i Mustaa Humo, gra|evinskiininjeri rme INTERPROJEKT iz Mostara, podvo|stvom ininjera Krister Berggrena iz vedske

su obradili stati~ki dio projekta.Arhitektonski akultet, pro dr Vjekoslava

Sankovi} Sim~i} i pro dr Muhamed Hamidovi}su izvrili reviziju projekta, potrebno za dobi-janje dozvole za rehabilitaciju objekta.

Cijela izvedbena aza objekta je trajala odaugusta 2003. do ebruara 2005. godine.

The CHwB Project 2003-200

CHwB projekt 2003 200


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The Documentation Phase

The restoration works o the mosque startedwith a documentation o the building. Thisincluded studying and collecting historical data

rom the books, archives, old photos, lmsas well as interviews with villagers and theimam. Historic data about the building werelargely missing or not available. Responsibleinstitutions did not have any documentationor drawings, or any inormation whatsoever intheir archives.

The building itsel is the however the most

valuable source o inormation and it wasdocumented thoroughly through measuring theentire mosque and all the details. Scaoldinghad to be erected to reach all parts o the build-ing. The damage was also documented and thematerials checked or tested. This included theplasters and mortars, the dierent stone types,wood types, paint types and colours. We wanted

Dokumentacijska faza

Bitan dio restauracije damije biojezapo~eti s dokumentacijskom azom, to jeobuhvatalo mjerenje damije, dokumentovanje

ote}enja, prou~avanje i prikupljanje historijskihpodataka iz knjiga, arhiva, starih otograja itd.Historijski podaci o objektu su uveliko nedosta-jali. Odgovorni zavodi nisu imali dokumentacijuili crtee, ili bilo kakve inormacije o objektu usvojim arhivama.

Objekat sam po sebi je najvrijedniji izvorpodataka, tako da je objekat bio paljivo

dokumentiran zajedno sa svim svojim detaljima.Skela je morala biti podignuta kako bi se doseg-nuli svi dijelovi objekta. Ote}enja su tako|erbila dokumentirana, kao i materijali koji su biliposebno testirani.

Laboratorijsko testiranje maltera, da bise dobili podaci o njihovom sastavu, kao iispitivanje razli~itih materijala damije, vrsta


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The

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Mosque

Restoration

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2 m1 m0.20




Location:

LEGEND OF USEDMATERIALS

sedra

brecca

miljevina

grey zivac

c o n c r e t e

steel


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2 m1 m0.20




Location:


sedra

brecca

miljevina

grey zivac

c o n c r e t e

steel


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CulturalHeritage

withoutBorders

The

Handanija

Mosque

Restoration

3

2 m1 m0.20




Location:


sedra

brecca

miljevina

grey zivac

c o n c r e t e

steel


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2 m1 m0.20




Location:


sedra

brecca

miljevina

grey zivac

c o n c r e t e

steel


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CulturalHeritage

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The

Handanija

Mosque

Restoration

3

to get inormation o components o the dier-ent materials and their technical perormance.

The process itsel could be divided into threeparts

Archive studiesIn situ documentation (measuring,sketching, photographing, comparing, takingsamples or analysis)Final drawing process (organizing theinormation in a readable way)

An additional part o the in situ work was

collecting the ragments on site, identiying andnumbering them beore storing them properly.The loose ragments that were ound weremainly rom the destroyed part o the minaretbut also rom the holes in the walls and adoorrame.

kamena, njihove kvalitete, vrsta drveta, bojai pigmenata su bile poduzete. Mi smo eljelidobiti inormacije o svim komponentamarazli~itih materijala i njihovih tehnolokihsvojstava.

Sam proces bi se mogao podijeliti u tri dijelapru~avanja arhivain situ dokumentacija (mjerenje, skiciranje,otograsanje, pore|enje, uzimanje uzorakaza analizu)kona~ni nacrt (organizovanje podataka na~itljiv na~in)

Dio in situ posla bio je prikupljanje rag-menata na lokalitetu, njihova identikacija inumerisanje prije propisnog odlaganja. Slobodniragmenti koji su bili na|eni bili su uglavnomdijelovi razruenog minareta, rupa u zidu idovratnika.


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Description of Major Damageto the Mosque

The Roo and the DomeThe complete roo structure with theinterior dome was destroyed. The only parts thatremained in their original positions were thebeams in the corners above the qibla wall. Onecorner had 7 beams; another had 5 remainingbeams. The distance between them diered. Thiswas the only existing evidence o the original

roo/ceiling structure. The rest had either burntdown or had been removed to be used or reor heating during the war.

The Minaret

The top o the minaret to the ourth row romgallery was missing. The stones and the struc-ture were exposed to weathering. The rest o the

minaret had suered severe damage, with holesand cracks all over the shat.

Opis ve}ih ote}enja nadamiji

Drveni krov i kupola^itava krovna konstrukcija s unutranjom

kupolom bila je unitena. Jedini dijelovi koji sujo ostali na izvornim mjestima bile su gredeu uglovima dva zida iznad nie mihraba. Ujednom uglu bilo je 7 greda; u drugom preostaloih je 5. Udaljenost izme|u njih bila je razli~ita.Bio je to jedini materijalni dokaz originalnog

krovita. Ostatak je ili izgorio, ili bio odnesen zapotpalu u surovim zimskim uslovima.

Munara

Vrh munare do ~etvrtog reda od galerije upotpunosti je nedostajao. Kamen i strukturabili su izloeni vremenskim uticajima. Ostatakmunare pretrpio je ozbiljna ote}enja, s rupama

i pukotinama du cijele visine.

Destruction o the interior/unitena unutranjost


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Restoration

0

Destroyed minaret /unitena munara

The upper part o the minaret needed to bedismantled; while the holes and the cracks inthe lower part could be lled. The steps romthe XV to the XVIII row were missing.

The Porch

A 10 cm concrete slab had been added ontothe previous foor in the porch in the restora-tion works 1972. This addition created newmeasurements in the openings o the porch anddestroyed the original layout. We did not know

however the reason or this addition so weinvestigated piece by piece around the columnsto nd out the consequences, i there was astability reason or this intervention. When weound that there was no technical reason orthe existence o the concrete layer we wereree to discuss its aesthetic impact and whether

Gornji dio munare trebalo je skinuti; dok supukotine u donjem dijelu mogle biti popunjene.Stepenite je bilo presje~eno od XV do XVIIIreda.

Tri jem/soe

Betonska plo~a od 10 cm dodana je naprijanji pod u soama tokom restauracijskihradova iz 1972. godine. Ovaj dodatak je unionove mjere u cjelokupan izgled, gdje su ukupneproporcije bile naruene.

Me|utim, s obzirom da nismo znali razlogpostavljanja te betonske plo~e, nismo jemogli ukloniti prije nego ispitamo posljedice.Nakon dugih razgovora, odlu~ili smo predloitiuklanjanje jednog kvadratnog metra okostuba i provjeriti ta }e se dogoditi. Kadasmo ustanovili da nema tehni~kih razloga za


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we should leave it or remove it. We decidedto remove it since it hid such a big part o thebases o the columns and the column togetherwith the base and capital was one solitary stoneblock. By restoring the original measurements

in the porch the mosque would regain thereadability o the architecture rom the 17thcentury and this regional expression o it. Thearchitecture o the porch is the most importantwitness o that.

The concrete slab was replaced by stonepaving on the original height.

Two columns were replaces due to diagonal

cracks mentioned earlier. A horizontal crack onthe third column did not cause any risks dueto the load o the mosque, and could be letuntouched.

The arches were in a good condition exceptor the middle one where we pushed up thestones that were sliding down and the archcould regain its stress.

The Walls

The cement plaster on the exterior o themosque was between 3 and 7 cm o thickness.The direct missile hits had caused severe dam-age o the walls and the plaster, creating holesin the structure and the outer skin.

Due to collected humidity behind, the plaster

was bulging out in big pieces and lost itsconnection to the wall. It would cause urtherdamage when collecting more and more water,which could not escape due to the cement andthe plastic paint coating. Since the damagein the plaster was so extensive we decided toremove the cement plaster layer. Additionally

postojanje betonskog sloja, bili smo slobodnizapo~eti dikusiju o estetkim aspektima koji subili narueni ovom intervencijom. Odlu~ili smoda betonski sloj uklonimo sa obzirom da je ovajbetonski sloj sklanjao baze stubova, gdje su

stubovi zajedno sa kapitelom tijelom i bazomnapravljeni od jednog komada kamena. Sarestauriranim originalnim mjerama, damijskitrijem je mogao vratiti svoju originalnu ~itljivostiz 17. vijeka, kao i svoje regionalne karakteris-tike. Arhitektura trijema je najvaniji izraz ovihkarakteristika.

Dva stuba na trijemu su bila teko ote}ena,

to je bilo vidljivo na dijagonalno rasprostran-jenim pukotinama, usljed kojih je bilo naruenanosivost stubova. Tre}i stub u arkadi je tako|ernapuknut, ali ovo napuknu}e je bilo u horizon-talnoj liniji i ne predstavlja neposrednu opasnostza nosivost.

Lukovi su bili u dosta dobrom stanju, osimdrugog luka u arkadi, koji je pretrpio direktanudarac. Kamenovi u luku su bili jako oslabljeni.

Zidovi

Cementni malter, na|en na vanjskom dijeludamije, bio je debljine izme|u 3 i 7 cm. Direktnipogoci granata uzrokovali su ozbiljna ote}enjazidova i maltera, stvaraju}i rupe na gra|evini.

Zbog nakupljene vlage, malter se podigao

u velikim komadima i izgubio vezu sa zidom.To je moglo dovesti do daljih ote}enja zbogskupljanja vode koja nije mogla isticati zbogcementa i premaza plasti~nom bojom. Potosmo namjeravali koristiti originalne materijaletokom restauratorskih radova, i s obziromda se kre~ni malter ne moe kombinovati sa


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The

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Mosque

Restoration

2

Wall destruction /ote}enja zida


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Wall destruction /ote}enja zida


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CulturalHeritage

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Restoration

our ambition was to use original materials inthe restoration works and lime plaster cannotbe combined with the patches o cement plaster.

The cracks we could see in masonry werenot dangerous, because they were caused by

material movements, which are normal or thistype o buildings. The earthquake could havecaused some cracks in 1969. To be sure o anyongoing movements the cracks were checkedwith gypsum spies.

The steel ties, implemented in 1972 orearthquake protections in the level o the rstfoor, were rusty and on some parts broken, due

to the shrapnel hits. These were cleaned and re-connected beore painting them with protectivepaint and plastered.

Some o the stone architraves around thewindows had cracks, while some parts o thestones were missing. In some cases the crownstone had too many cracks to keep up its bear-ing unction.

The southeast aade had suered the major

hits. The great hole due to missile hit hadreplaced one whole window. This aade had aconcrete part as well built in 1972 probably dueto an ablutionary that was placed in the porch.

zakrpama od cementnog maltera, ~itav malter jetrebao biti uklonjen.

Pukotine koje smo mogli vidjeti na zidu nisubile opasne, jer su samo ukazivale na pomijer-anje materijala, to je prirodno za ovakav tip

gra|evine. Proli zemljotres iz 1969. je mogaouzrokovati ove pukotine. Ipak, pukotine suprovjerene postavljanjem gipsanih plo~ica.

Postoje}e ~eli~ne veze za zatitu od zeml-jotresa, postavljene u toku restauracije 1972.prisutne u nivou prvog sprata, zahr|ale su ina nekim mjestima slomljene zbog pogodakagelerima.

Na kamenim enbranama prozora ote}enjasu bila u obliku pukotina, a dijelovi kamena sunedostajali. U nekim slu~ajevima ~eoni kamenimao je toliko pukotina, da je izgubio nosivost.

Jugoisto~na asada pretrpjela je najve}aote}enja. Velika rupa od pogotka granatestajala je na mjestu cijelog prozora. I ovaj dioasade ima betonski dio. Razlog postojanja ovogdijela je nepoznat. Jedna od pretpostavki je da

je zid bio oja~an betonom zbog vodovodnihinstalacija koje su dodate u predvorju s drugestrane zida.


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Mahvi l /Galer i jaMahvil je bio ozbiljno ote}en. S obziromda krovne konstrukcije nije bilo, galerija je bilaizloena vremenskim uticajima. ^itava podnakonstrukcija je istrunula, a gljivice su se pojavile

na svim gredama i osnovama stubova ispodmahvila.

Dna stubova su istrunula, jer su bila izloenamokrom betonskom podu, bez ikakve venti-lacije. Plasti~na boja se gulila sa svih dijelovagalerije, ispod kojih su se nazirali tragoviprijanje boje.

The Mahvi l /Gal leryThe mahvil was severely damaged. Due tothe missing roo construction, the gallery hadbeen exposed to weathering or a long time. Thecomplete foor construction was rotten, ungus

appeared on almost every beam.The column bases below the mahvil were in

similar rotten condition ater being exposed tothe wet concrete foor or a long time.

The plastic colour was pealing o rom allparts o the structure, and earlier colour tracescould be ound.


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CulturalHeritage

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The

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Mosque

Restoration

Description of Materials inthe Mosque

StoneWe identied the dierent stone types withthe help o dr Hazim Hrvatovi}. They were alldierent types o limestone

common limestone with some dirt and claysedimentary ree limestone, in BiH calledsedrachalklimestone, in BiH called miljevina

The walls were built o these three types olime stone

The mihrab niche was built o limestonewith some dirt and clay, while the prolatedpart was built o chalklimestone which was sotenough or carving.

The minbar was built o two types o stonethe stairs

sedimentary ree limestone in BiH calledsedra,

the ence wall and the topchalklimestone

Portals and reinorcements above open-ings were laid with cut and partially proledlimestone.

The columns on the entrance were olimestone.All o the minaret was made o sedra stone.

The stones in the minaret rings were connectedwith iron clamps, without lead inll.

Opis materijala

Kamen

Mi smo identikovali razli~ite vreste ka-mena uz stru~nu pomo} dr Hazima Hrvatovi}a.Sve vrste kamena su razli~ite vrste kre~njaka:

obi~ni kre~njak s neto ne~isto}a i glinesedimentni kre~njak, u BiH poznat kao sedrakredni kre~njak, u BiH poznat kao miljevina.

Zidovi su bili izgra|eni od tri tipa kamena

Nia mihraba izgra|ena je od obi~nogkre~njaka s neto ne~isto}a i gline, a proliranidio od krednog kre~njaka, dovoljno mekanog dase uklee prolacija

Minberje gra|en od dva tipa kamenastepenice

sedimentni kre~njak - sedraograda i vrh

kredni kre~njak

Portali i oja~anja iznad otvora obloeni surezanim i dijelom proliranim kre~njakom.

Stubovi na ulazu napravljeni su od kre~njaka^itav minaret napravljen je od sedre. Ka-

men u oprstenovima munare je vezan eljeznimklamama, bez olovnog punjenja.


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WoodThe mahvil was made rom white pinewood.The roo construction was made rom whitepinewood.The window shutters were made rom white

pinewood.The doors were made rom spruce.The wooden ties, the hattulas rom oakwood.

Mortar and Plaster

The mortar was weak and contained air lime.

The plaster and mortar rom dierent parts weretested in laboratories in Sweden to get inorma-tion o their components. We ound only air limemortar and plaster except or the cement plasterlayer rom the 70s.

There were several layers o plaster both onthe interior and exterior walls. The oldest layerwas a yellowish plaster. This old layer seemed tohave been smoothened with a tool in a manner

that was common up to the XVIII century. Onparts o the oldest layer o plaster there was athick layer o lime paint.

The exterior plaster is mainly new. In theporch we ound traces o earlier layers o plasterthat was reinorced with goat hair. Much o theoriginal exterior plaster was however taken oduring previous interventions and replaced with

cement plaster painted with acrylic latex paintaround the windows.

Paints

The paint type we ound on the bottom layerson plaster was lime paint.

DrvoDrvo u mahvilu je bijela borovina.Drvo u krovnoj konstrukciji je bijela borovina.Kapci na prozorima su od bijele borovine.Vrata su od smr~e.

Drvene hatule su od hrastovine

Malteri

Malter je slab i vjerovatno sadri mnogovapna. Malteri sa razli~itih dijelova objekta subili testirani u laboratorijama u vedskoj, radidobijanja inormacija o njihovim komponenta-

ma. Jedini maletr koji smo pronali na objektuje kre~ni malter, osim cementnog maltera koji jeostao iza posljednje restauracije.

Postoji vie slojeva maltera i na unutranjimi vanjskim zidovima. Najstariji malter jeu}kasti mlater koji smo nali. Ovaj malter jebio nanoen na na~in koji je karakteristi~anza period izgradnje do XVIII vijeka. Na ovomsloju su na|eni debeli slojevi kre~a kao nalne

obrade.Vanjski malterje uglavnom novijeg datuma.

U trijemu smo nali malter koji je bio oja~ankozijom dlakom. Ostatak izvornog vanjskogmaltera skinut je prilikom ranijih intervencijai zamijenjen cementnom bukom s plasti~nimbojama na lukovima prozora.

Boje

Tip boje koji smo nali na niim dijelovimamaltera je kre~na boja.

Vanjski zidovi su bili prebojeni akrilnimbojama, koja je bila uklonjena zajedno sacementnim slojem.


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The

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Restoration

The exterior walls had been repainted withacrylic paint that was removed with the cementplaster layer.

The interior walls were only whitewashedand the decorated parts we ound had beenpainted with lime paint and later covered withwhitewash.

On the wood we ound oil paint on thebottom layers. Some small parts had not beenrepainted but the ceiling, doors, shutters and

Unutranji zidovi su bili prekre~eni, dok sudekorisani dijelovi koje smo pronali prebojenipigmentiranom kre~nom bojom, a kasnije su bili

prekre~eni.Na drvetu smo nali uljne boje kao najstarijisloj. Neki mani dijelovi nisu bili prebojeni, alitavanica, vrata, kapci i stubovi su bili prebojeniindustrijskom alkidnom bojom ili akrilnomlateks bojom.

Acrylic paint on the exte-rior walls beore removal/ akrilne boje na vanjskimzidovima prije uklanjanja

Acrylic latex paint /akrilna lateks boja


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columns had been repainted with industrial

alkyd enamels or acrylic latex paint.The paint types were checked in situ by

checking how they reacted to dierent acids.The conclusion was that besides or the whitewashing, the paints used earlier were lime paintand oil paint and many o these parts have laterbeen covered with industrial lacquer paint, al-kyd enamels as well as with acrylic latex paint.

Pigments

We did not carry out any new analysis on thepigments used in the mosque. Instead we reliedon the results rom laboratory tests made by the

Tipovi boje su bili istraeni na terenu,

specijalnom metodom, uz pomo} kiselina nakoje razli~ite boje razli~ito reaguju.

Zaklju~ak je bio da bez obzira na to to sukasnije prekre~ene, boje koje su bile koritenesu bile kre~ne boje i uljne boje koje su kasnijeprebojene industrijskim plasti~nim bojama.

Pigmenti

Mi nismo sproveli nove analize pigmenatakoji su bili koriteni u damiji. Umjesto toga mismo se pouzdali u rezultate istraivanja koje sunapravili predstavnici Univerziteta u Trstu, u vezisa edukativnim projektom koji je bio sprovedenprije po~etka restauracije, u godini 2001.


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+2.10

-0.149

+0.221 +0.203

SW

+3.71

+5.78

+6.75

+0.00

2 m1 m0.20

A B

C

E

D

F

concrete which remainedhas to be removed


CROSS SECTION 1-1Drawing:

HANDANIJA MOSQUEexecutive project

Location:

REFERENCES/crtezi na koje seREQUIREMENTS/zahtjeviEXPLANATIONS/objasnjenjafor/za

see/pogledajte

A:01:03


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Restoration

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Location:

A B

C

E

D

F

SW

interiorplaster/unutarnjimalter

firstlayerofplaster/prvislojmaltera

zivacstone~26-2

9/zivac

mortarwithpiecesof/maltersakomadima

zivacstone~28-3

1/zivackamena

zivacstone~24-3

0/zivackamena

exteriorplaster/vanjskimalter

finishinglayerofplaster/zavrsnislojmaltera

firstlayerofplaster//prvislo

jmaltera

sedrastone~28/sedra

plaster

~2/malter

sedrastone~27/sedra

exteriorplaster/vanjskimalter

stonewallstructure/SW

2

strukturakamenogzida

/SW2

archmadeofsedrastone/lu

k

napravljenodsedre

pillarmadeoflimestone/stu

b

napravljenodkrecnjaka

D1entrancedoortothemosque

A:01:53

D12entrancetominaret

A:01:54

Ec2exteriorporchcolumns

A:01:32-3

5

REQUIREMENTS/zahtjevi

ALLMEASUREMENTS

MUSTBECHECKED

ONTHESITEBEFORE

STARTINGTHEWORKS

/svemjeresemoraju

provjeritinaterenuprije

pocetkaradova/

REFERENCES/crtezinakojesepoziva

windowdrawing

A:01:41-4

5


1

strukturakamenogzida

mosque floor

+0.27 +0.25 +0.23

+3.08

SW 2

existing concrete removed


strukturakamenogzida/SW

+0.00

ALLMEASUREMENTSARE

INCENTIMETERS

/svemjeresuucentimetrima/

EXPLANATIONS/objasnjenja

SW 1

plans

A:01:01

sections

A:01:03

,04

facades

A:01:05-0

8

concretebaseforthefloor

/betonskapodlogazapod/

LEGEND/legenda

roofcovering/RC

pokrivanjekrova/RC

bricktiles,

2

cm

utorenicrijep

planksinbothdirections

3x5cm

letviceuobasmjera

hydroisolation

hidroizolacija

woodenboards

2.4

cm

dascanipokov

RC

unknown structure,

nepoznata struktura

mosque floor willbe explored and the solution

of the floor layers willbe given after thorough

investigation, existing layers of stone can be seen

itacni slojevinovog poda ce bitidati, zajedno

+0.00

R/A:01:62

CL

ceilinglayers/CL

slojevitavanice/CL

letvicepolukruznogprofilaO2cm

narazmakuod19cmudva

ortogonalnapravca

dascanipokov

1.8

cm

gredetavanice

16/16cm

hidroizolacija

smjesazemlje

5.0

cm

piljevinaili

mineralnavuna

15

.0cm

in drawing A:00:73/dzamijskipod ce biti detaljno istrazen


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EXPLANATIONS/objasnjenja

+0.485+0.485

+0.00 +0.00+0.00

ELEVATION NORTH-WEST / D-C/

/fasada sjever-zapad D-C/

plans

A:01:01

sections

A:01:03,04

facades

A:01:05.1-08.1

minaret

A:01:11-24

arcs

A:01:31

exterior

columns

A:01:32-35

REFERENCES/crtezinakojesepoziva

REQUIREMENTS/zahtjevi

ALLMEASUREMENTS

MUSTBECHECKED

ONTHESITEBEFORE

STARTINGTHEWORKS

svemjeresemorajuprovjeriti

naterenuprijepocetkaradova

REDPIGMENT/crvenipigment

WHITE,LIMECOLOR,bijeli,krecnaboja

BLUEPIGMENT/plavipigment

LEGENDOFTHECOLORSCHEMEON

THEENTRANCEFACADE

/legendabojenesemenaulaznojfasadi/

ALLMEASUREMENTSARE

INCENTIMETERS

/svemjeresuucentimetrima/

+6.72 +6.69

+0.00

ELEVATION NORTH-WEST/C-D/

/fasada sjever-zapad,C-D/

exteriorwallsshallbereplastered

accordingtofacadedrawingsand

materialdescription

/vanjskizidovicebitipremalterisaniprema

nacrtimafasadaiopisimamaterijala/

new level of the sofa will be known after the research

of the remains, which are beleived to be under

existing concrete/nivo sofe ce biti poznat nakon

ostataka kamene kaldrme za koju se vjeruje da

postoji ispod postojeceg sloja betona

2 m1 m0.20


FACADE, NORTH-WESTDrawing:


Location:

F A

E

D

B

C


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ELEVATION NORTH-EAST/F-E-D/

/fasada sjever-istok, F-E-D/

REFERENCES/crtezenakojese

pozivasee/pogledati

A:01:05

REQUIREMENTS/zahtjeve

+0.00

zaEXPLANATIONS/objasnjenja

level of the ground

level of the ground

LIME PLASTER

CEMENT LIME PLASTER

2 m1 m0.20


FACADE, NORTH-EASTDrawing:


Location:

F A

E

D

B

C


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4 ROW

5 ROW

6 ROW

7 ROW

8 ROW

9 ROW

10 ROW

11 ROW

1 ROW

8 ROW

315

PIECE OF THE CROWN WHICH NEEDS

TO BE RECONSTRUCTED

A

A

B

B

SECTION A-A SECTION B-B

470.0

210.0

210.0

65.5

200.0


MIHRABDrawing:


Location:

2 m1 m0.20


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The restoration process started with onepreliminary action in April 2004. This was thedismantling o the wooden foor o the mahvil.All the dismantled parts o the wooden gal-

lery that could be reused were marked andstored in a ventilated dry place. The restorationcontinued hal a year later in October 2004 withdismantling the existing temporary roo and thereconstruction o a new roo.

Proces restauracije je zapo~eo prvom azomu aprilu 2004. Ova aza je bilo rastavljanjedrvene konstrukcije mahvila. Svi rastavljenidijelovi drvene galerije koji su mogli biti ponovo

upotrijebljeni, bili su ozna~eni i deponovanina suhom i ventiliranom mjestu. Sam procesrestauracije je nastavljen pola godine kas-nije u oktobru 2004. rastavljanjem postoje}eprivremene krovne konstrukcije i rekonstrukci-jom nove krovne konstrukcije.

The Implementation Phase

Implementacija

Building o dome trusseson the ground / Montaanosivih rebara kupole napodu damije


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Restoration

Eksterijer

Konstrukci ja krova i kupole

Krov je bio izgra|en tokom veoma kratkogperioda, tokom 20 dana u oktobru, tako da jeunutranji prostor damije bio pokriven prijenego je po~ela sezona kia i snijega.

Gra|a je ve} bila pripremljena, tako da jemontiranje konstrukcije bilo izvedeno preciznoprema crteima.

Tavani~na konstrukcija je bila izvedena sa

potpornom konstrukcijom. Glavne uglovnevjealjke su bile postavljene na tavni~nimspojnicama. Nakon toga glavna 12 metara dugadvostruka vjealjka, koja premo}uje cijeluirinu damije je bila podignuta, te je potpornakonstrukcija mogla biti uklonjena.

Vjealjke koje su postavljene na svojepozicije prve, odmah su bile pri~vr}ene, doksu ostale nakon postavljanja bile trenutno

pri~vr}ene dok cijela konstrukcija nije bilapostavljena na svoju projektovanu poziciju.

Sljede}a aza je bilo postavljanje ostatkakrovne konstrukcije. Prvo su bile postavljenepodupore na uglovnim vjealjkama a nakontoga rogovi. Kada je krovna oplata bilazavrena, konstrukcija kupole je mogla bitipostavljena.

Spojevi konstrukcije su bili oja~ani ekserimakoji su projektovani na sile u spojevima. Nakonpostavljanja tavanice i konstrukcije kupole,tavani~ne daske su bile prikovane direktno nakonstruktivna rebra kupole. Ovo je bila dugo-trajna procedura koja je bila paljivo izvedena.Sljede}a aza je bilo premazivanje tavani~nih

The Exterior

Construct ion order o the

Roo and the DomeThe roo was built in a very short period,during 20 days in October, to get the mosquecovered beore the rain and snow seasonstarted.

The wood was already prepared, so themantling was executed precisely according tothe drawings.

The ceiling construction was built withsupport rom the ground. The main trusses inthe corners were erected on the ceiling joists.Thereater the main 12m long truss, spanningacross the mosque, was erected and the sup-ports rom the ground could be dismantled.

The rst wooden joineries that were erectedwere immediately screwed together, while thelater were temporally astened until the whole

construction was erected.The next phase was the erection o the roo

structure by rst inserting purling on the cornertrusses and thereater the raters. When theroo decking was completed the structure o thedome could be erected.

The trusses o the dome were built on theground and lited up with ropes.

The wooden joints were strengthened withnails calculated to resist the orces. Ater erect-ing the ceiling and dome structure the ceilingboards were nailed directly onto the dome ribs.This was a long and careul procedure, aterwhich the boards were protected with one layero linseed oil mixedwith turpentine. The nal


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Erected dome structure /podignuta konstrukcijakupole

Mantling the Dome ceiling /Postavljanje tavanice kupole


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Painted suraces o theceiling / obojene povrinetavanice

Edge board with a lilydecoration / ugaona daska sadekoracijom

Dome ceiling / tavanicakupole


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coating was with chrome-pigmented linseed oilpaint.

Ater installing the insulation on the ceiling,the ceiling was closed and decorated with thesemicircular mouldings that were nailed to the

ceiling plates in the orthogonal pattern. Themouldings were painted in iron oxid linseed oilpaint, according to samples ound on the site.

At the opening o the dome there was an edge

board with a lily decoration cut out in the wood.

This edge board was the last part to be mounted

onto the ceiling.

dasaka zatitnim slojem lanenog ulja rastvore-nog terpentinom. Finalni sloj koji je naneenjeste hrom zeleno pigmentirano laneno ulje.

Nakon postavljanja izolacije na ta-vanici, tavanica je bila zatvorena i dekorisana

polukrunim letvicama koje su bile zakucanena tavani~ne daske u ortogonalnoj ormaciji.Polukrune letvice su bilo obojene uljanombojom sa pigmentom `eljeznog oksida, premauzorcima koji su prona|eni na terenu.

Na dijelu gdje kupola prelazi u ravni diotavanice prije se nalazila ugaona letva koja jebila dekorisana udubljenjima u obliku cvijeta

ljiljana. Ova ugaona daska je ponovljena naoriginalnoj poziciji prema prona|enim uzorcima,i postavljena je nakon to je tavanica u potpu-nosti bila zavrena.


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The MinaretThe preparation or minaret restoration

started already during the documentationphase. The ragments o the minaret were col-lected on the site where they were marked. The

position in the minaret ring o each ragmentwas identied. According to these ndings thedocumentation and implementation projectswere designed.

Ater making a thorough investigation othe damages o the minaret (the XV-XVIIIlayers were completely missing) we decided todismantle the minaret to the 23rd layer. Each

stone was checked while being dismantledand decisions were made about the interven-tions that were possible; repaired and reused

MunaraPripreme za restauraciju munare su po~eleve} tokom pripreme dokumentacijske aze. Frag-menti munare su bili prikupljeni na terenu, gdjesu bili i obiljeeni. Pozicija svakog pojedina~nog

kamena u prstenu je bila identikovana. Premaovim nalazima dokumentacijski i izvedbeni dioprojekta restauracije su bili napravljeni.

Nakon detaljnog istraivanja ote}enja namunari (XV XVIII stepenici su u potpunostinedostajali), odlu~ili smo da demontiramomunaru do XV reda. Svaki kamen je tokomdemontiranja bio provjeren i u skladu s tim su

bile donesene odluke kako otkloniti ote}enja,svaki kamen je bio popravljen i ponovoiskoriten gdje je god to bilo mogu}e, a gdje

Fragments identication /identikacija ragmenata

Installing original stairs /Postavljanje starih stepenika


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The restoration o the minaret /restauracija munare


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The minaret restored /restaurirana munara


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Restoration

nije bilo mogu}e kamenovi su bili zamijenjeni.Samo teko ote}eni komadi su bili zamijenjeni.Kamenovi u svakom prstenu su bili spojeni natradicionalan na~in, ~eli~nim klamama. Svestare klame koje nisu bile slomljene su bile

o~i}ene i ponovo iskoritene, kada god je tobilo mogu}e.

Od IV reda dio munare iznad eree je biorekonstruisan, sa izuzetkom krovnog vijencai dva prstena ispod, koji su bili prona|eni ucjelosti i vra}eni na svoju originalnu poziciju.Kamenovi su bili samo djelomi~no ote}eniusljed pada. Ovi originalni prstenovi su dali

smjernice za prepoznavanje originalnog krovnogpokriva~a, jer su komadi olova bili zaka~eniza kamen. Iskoristili smo isti krovni pokriva~,kao onaj koji je bio na autenti~noj krovnojkonstrukciji. Krovna konstrukcija munare je bilanapravljena prema tradicionalnim primjerimamunara u BiH.

Jedini ragment ograde na balkonu munarekoji smo pronali u jednom komadu je bio

vra}en na svoju originalnu poziciju.Nakon zavrenih popravaka na munari

i djelomi~ne rekonstrukcije, munara je bilapremalterisana i prekre~ena. Sijalice zajedno sazvu~nicima su bile instalirane na ogradu munare.

wherever possible or replaced. Only the heavydamaged pieces were replaced. The stones wereconnected in each ring with traditional ironclamps. All the old clamps that were not brokenwere cleaned and re-used, whenever it was

possible.From the 4th layer above the balcony, the

minaret was reconstructed, with the exceptiono the roo cornice layer and the two layersunderneath that had been ound and identiedon the site. They were slightly damaged ateralling on the ground. These original rows gaveanswers to the questions o the roo cover

(some pieces o lead were stuck to the stone).We used the same roo covering material. Theconstruction o the roo o the minaret wasmade according to the traditional models ominarets in BiH.

The only ragment o the balcony rail that weound in one piece was reused and placed in itsoriginal position.

Ater completing the minaret repair and par-

tial

Documents

Handanija dzamija