Trng C CNTT Hu Ngh Vit - Hn H Thng n Giao Thng

H Thng n Giao Thng :

LI NI U

Trong nhng nm gn y trn th gii cng vi s pht trin mnh m ca ngnh cng nghip ch to linh kin bn dn v vi mch tng hp, mt hng pht trin mi ca cc vi x l hnh thnh l cc vi iu khin. Vi nhiu u im, vi iu khin c s dng rng ri trn nhiu lnh vc khc nhau. Bng cch p dng vi u khin trong qu trnh sn xut v x l, vi iu khin thc s th hin c u th ca mnh so vi cc thit b iu khin thng thng.V nhng l do trn, trong nhiu trng i Hc, Cao ng, vi x l thc s tr thnh mt mn hc ht sc quan trng, vi x l 8051 gn nh l mt mn hc s dng trang b cho chng ta nhng kin thc c bn v vi x l, t m rng ra cc loi vi x l khc c cu trc phc tp hn nh AVR, PIC,

Qua bo co ny, gip chng em c c hnh dung thc t vi x l c p dng nh th no trong cuc sng hin i, c th chnh l h thng n giao thng dng vi iu khin AT89C51.Gm 4 chng:Phn 1: Tng quan v n giao thng, gii thiu khi qut ti, cc thnh phn chnh ca h thng n giao thng, nguyn l hot ng, ngn ng s dng v phn mm m phng.Phn 2:

Nhm chng em xin chn thnh cm n s gip , ch bo tn tnh ca c L Phng Quyn trong sut thi gian chng em thc hin bo co ny ny. nng, thng 5 nm 2013Nhm sinh vin thc hin: Trn Thanh Hin Nguyn Hu Khnh Ton Phan Xun Lc

Phan Cng Chu L Hong PhcPHN 1: TNG QUAN V N GIAO THNG

Yu cu:-Hai led 7 on hin th giy.

-Ba led n hin th n:xanh,vng,.Hai led xanh cho ngi i b.

-n sng trong vng 30 giy,n vng 3 giy, eng xanh 27 giy.

-Mt nt n dng chng trnh iu khin n giao thng ban ngy,m ch hin th duy nht n vng,tt led 7 on,tt n ,n xanh.

-Mt nt n quay tr li iu khin n giao thng chy ch bnh thng.

-Mt nt nhn khn cp cho ngi i b khi cn sang ng gp.

1.1 Nguyn l hot ng:Mch n giao thng hot ng da trn ni dung lp trnh cho AT89C51, khi c tc ng t cc nt iu khin mch hot ng theo ng thi gian yu cu. AT89C51 a d liu n cc LED xanh, , vng iu khin cc LED ny ng, m. Ngoi ra, n cn xut d liu n cc BJT tng dng cho cc LED 7 on, cc BJT s iu khin vic ng m cc LED 7 on. LED 7 on cn nhn d liu t vi iu khin trung tm thc hin vic m li thi gian.

Nh vy mi khi mch bt u thc hin m li, nu trc l bn ny n xanh hoc vng sng th trc l bn kia n sng v ngc li. B phn iu khin AT89C51 l cc nt nhn. Ty theo thi gian yu cu m ta iu khin cc trc giao thng sng. AT 89C51 s xut ra cc cng I/O nhng xung mc cao hoc mc thp iu khin cc BJT t iu khin cc n hin th. Khi AT89C51 nhn tn hiu iu khin t cc phm nhn, n s qut v tm ra chng trnh c m ha ph hp vi tn hiu iu khin hot ng.

1.2 Ngn ng s dng v phn mm m phng

1.2.1 Ngn ng:Assembly

1.2.2 Phn mm m phng

Phn mm ProtuesTHIT K PHN CNG

2.1.1.Mch dao ng v mch Reset

Hnh 3.1 Mch dao ng v mch ResetPHN 2: THNG TIN CC THIT B TRONG MCH V NGUYN L LM VIC:1.1.1 S lc v Real-time DS12C887Hin nay trn th thng c rt nhiu loi IC thi gian thc (Real-time) khc nhau. ti ny trnh by v cp IC thi gian thc thng dng l DS12C887.

Hnh: IC thi gian thc DS12C8871.1.2 Kho st s chn ca DS12C887.

AD0-AD7 Bus a hp a ch/ d liu

NC B trng MOT - La chn loi bus CS Ng vo la chn RTC

AS Cht a ch

R/W Ng vo c/ghi

DS Cht d liu

RESET\ - Ng voReset

IRQ\ - Ng ra yu cu ngt

SQW Ng ra sng vung

VCC Ngun cung cp +5 Volt GND Mass

1.1.3 IC CNG AND 74LS08

Hnh 2.5 IC 74LS08

S chn:

Hnh : s chn IC 74LS08

Cu to:

IC 74LS08 gm 4 cng AND 2 u vo tch hp trn mt bn dn. u vo ca cng NOT ti cc chn: 1 2, 4 5, 9 10, 12 13, u ra ti cc chn: 3, 6, 8, 11, chn 8 ni ngun +5V, chn 7 ni t.

Nguyn tc hot ng:

74LS08 hot ng nh cng AND cc li ra Y l tch ca 2 li vo A v B: Yi = Ai.Bi, I = 1,2,, 4.

Led 7 on

Hnh: Hnh dng led 7 on thc t

Hnh 2.8: S kt ni led

Led 7 on l mt linh kin hin th m 7 on chuyn dng, n hin th 6 gi tr tng ng vi m BCD

Led 7 on c 2 loi: loi chung anot v loi chung catot.

Led 7 ong cng c rt nhiu mu sc khc nhua.

Trong n ny c s dng 4 led 7 on chung anot hin th thi gian

1.1.4 TRANSISTOR 2N3904 (NPN)

a. Gii thiu chung:

y l mt loi transistor NPN ca hng FairChild, c thit k cho mc ch c bn l khuch i hoc kha in t. Di hot ng ln ti 100mA khi ng vai tr kha in t v 100MHz khi ng vai tr khuch i.

Hnh 2.9 : 2N3904

b. Bng thng s:

Bng 2.2 Thng s c bn ca 2N3904K hiuTham sGi trn v

VCEOin p Collector-Emitter40V

VCBOin p Collector-Base60V

VEBOin p Emitter-Base6V

ICDng cc Collector200mA

TJ, TstgDi nhit hot ng v bo qun-55 ti +150oC

1.1.5 Kho vi iu khin AT89S52

2.4.1 Gii thiu cu trc phn cng AT89S52

AT89S52 l h IC vi iu khin do hng Atmel sn xut. Cc sn phm AT89S52 thch hp cho nhng ng dng iu khin. Vic x l trn byte v cc ton s hc cu trc d liu nh c thc hin bng nhiu ch truy xut d liu nhanh trn RAM ni. Tp lnh cung cp mt bng tin dng ca nhng lnh s hc 8 bit gm c lnh nhn v lnh chia. N cung cp nhng h tr m rng trn chip dng cho nhng bin mt bit nh l kiu d liu ring bit cho php qun l v kim tra bit trc tip trong h thng iu khin.

AT89S52 cung cp nhng c tnh chun nh: 8 KByte b nh ch c c th xa v lp trnh nhanh (EPROM), 128 Byte RAM, 32 ng I/O, 3 TIMER/COUNTER 16 Bit, 5 vect ngt c cu trc 2 mc ngt, mt Port ni tip bn song cng, 1 mch dao ng to xung Clock v b dao ng ON-CHIP.Cc c im ca chip AT89S52 c tm tt nh sau:

8 KByte b nh c th lp trnh nhanh, c kh nng ti 1000 chu k ghi/xo

Tn s hot ng t: 0Hz n 24 MHz

3 mc kha b nh lp trnh

3 b Timer/counter 16 Bit

128 Byte RAM ni.

4 Port xut /nhp I/O 8 bit.

Giao tip ni tip.

64 KB vng nh m ngoi

64 KB vng nh d liu ngoi.

4 (s cho hot ng nhn hoc chia

1.2.1 Kho st s v chc nng cc chn AT89S52

1..2.1.1 S chn AT89S52:

Hnh 2.10 S chn ca AT89C511.4.1.2 Chc nng cc chn ca AT89S52:

Vi iu khin AT89S52 c tt c 40 chn vi chc nng nh cc ng xut nhp. Trong c 24 chn c tc dng kp (c ngha 1 chn c 2 chc nng), mi chn c th hot ng nh ng xut nhp hoc nh ng iu khin hoc l thnh phn ca cc bus d liu v bus a ch.

Cc Port ca 89S52

Port 0:

T chn 32 n chn 39 (P0.0 _P0.7). Port 0 c 2 chc nng: trong cc thit k c nh khng dng b nh m rng n c chc nng nh cc ng IO, i vi thit k ln c b nh m rng n c kt hp gia bus a ch v bus d liu.

Port 1:

T chn 1 n chn 9 (P1.0 _ P1.7). Port 1 l port IO dng cho giao tip vi thit b bn ngoi nu cn.

Port 2:

Tt chn 21 n chn 28 (P2.0 _P2.7). Port 2 l mt port c tc dng kp dng nh cc ng xut/nhp hoc l byte cao ca bus a ch i vi cc thit b dng b nh m rng.

Port 3:

T chn 10 n chn 17 (P3.0 _ P3.7). Port 3 l port c tc dng kp. Cc chn ca port ny c nhiu chc nng, c cng dng chuyn i c lin h n cc c tnh c bit ca 89S52 nh bng sau:

Bng 2.3 c tnh c bit ca 89S52

BitTnChc nng chuyn i

P3.0RxDD liu nhn cho port ni tip.

P3.1TxDD liu pht cho port ni tip.

P3.2

Ngt bn ngoi 0

P3.3

Ngt bn ngoi 1

P3.4T0Ng vo ca timer/couter 0.

P3.5T1Ng vo ca timer/couter 1.

P3.6

Xung ghi b nh d liu ngoi.

P3.7

Xung c b nh d liu ngoi.

Cc ng tn hiu iu khin:

Ng tn hiu PSEN (Program Store Enable):

PSEN l tn hiu ng ra chn 29 c tc dng cho php c b nh chng trnh m rng thng c ni n chn (Output Enable) ca Eprom cho php c cc Byte m lnh.

PSEN mc thp trong thi gian MicroController 8951 ly lnh. Cc m lnh ca chng trnh c c t Eprom qua Bus d liu v c cht vo thanh ghi lnh bn trong 8951 gii m lnh. Khi 8951 thi hnh chng trnh trong ROM ni PSEN s mc logic 1.

Ng tn hiu iu khin cht a ch ALE (Address Latch Enable):

8951 s dng chn 30 xut tn hiu cho php cht a ch ALE(Address Latch Enable) d gii a hp (Demultiplexing) Bus a ch v Bus d liu. Tn ALE c tn s bng 1/6 tn s ca mch dao ng bn trong chip vi iu khin. Nu mch dao ng c tn s 12MHz, tn hiu ALE c tn s 2MHz. Chn ALE cn c dng nhn xung ng vo lp trnh cho Eprom trn chip i vi cc phin bn ca 8951 c Eprom.

Chn truy xut ngoi EA( External Access):

Ng vo ny (chn 31) c th c ni vi Vcc(logic 1) hoc vi GND(logic 0). Nu chn ny ni ln Vcc th 8951 thc thi chng trnh trong Rom ni(chng trnh nh hn). Nu chn ny ni vi GND( v chn PSEN cng logic 0) th 8951 s thi hnh chng trnh t b nh m rng.

Nu chn AE logic 0 i vi 8051/8052. Rom ni bn trong chip c v hiu ha. Cc phin bn Eprom ca 8051 cn s dng chn EA lm chn nhn in p cp in 21V(Vpp) cho vic lp trnh Eprom ni(np Eprom).

Chn RESET(RST):

Ng vo RST chn s 9 l ng vo xa chnh (Master Reset) ca 8051 dng thit lp li trng thi ban u cho h thng hay gi l Reset h thng. Cc thanh ghi bn trong c np nhng gi tr thch hp khi ng h thng.

Cc chn XTAL1 v XTAL2:

Mch dao ng bn trong chip 8051 c ghp vi thch anh bn ngoi 2 chn XTAL1(chn 19) v XTAL2(chn 18). Tn s thch anh thng s dng cho 8951 l khong 12MHz (11.0592 MHz).

Cc chn ngun:

89S52 s dng ngun n +5V. Vcc c ni vo chn 40 v Vss (GND) c ni vo chn 20.2.1.1 Cc thanh ghi c chc nng c bit:

Cc thanh ghi ni ca AT89C51 c truy xut ngm nh bi b lnh, c nh dng nh mt phn ca RAM trn chip v vy mi thanh ghi s c mt a ch (ngoi tr thanh ghi b m chng trnh v thanh ghi lnh v cc thanh ghi ny him khi b tc ng trc tip). Vi iu khin AT89C51 c 21 thanh ghi c chc nng c bit vng trn ca RAM ni t a ch 80H n FFH.

Tt c 128 a ch t 80H n FFH khng c nh ngha, ch c 21 thanh ghi c chc nng c bit c nh ngha sn cc a ch. 2.1.2. Thanh ghi iu khin b nh thi/b m TCON ( Timer/Counter Control Register):

Thanh ghi ny bao gm cc bit trng thi v cc bit iu khin bi Timer 0, Timer 1. Thanh ghi TCON c bit nh v.

K hiu: TCON

Chc nng: iu khin b nh thi/b m.

a ch byte: 88H

nh a ch bit: c.

TF1TR1TF0TR0IE1IT1IE0IT0

76543210

nh ngha bit:

K hiuV tra chM t

TF1TCON.78FHC trn b nh thi 1. c Set bi phn cng khi b nh thi/m b trn, c xa bi phn mm hoc phn cng khi trnh phc v ngt c tr n.

TR1TCON.68EHBit iu khin b nh thi 1 hot ng. c Set/Clear bi phn mm iu khin b nh thi 11 hot ng hoc ngng hot ng.

TF0TCON.58DHC trn b nh thi 0

TR0TCON.48CHBit iu khin b nh thi 0 hot ng.

IE1TCON.38BHC ngt ngoi 1 tc ng cnh. c Set bi phn cng khi pht hin c ngt ngoi tc ng cnh, c xa bi phn cng khi ngt c x l.

IT1TCON.28AHBit iu khin chn ngt. c Set/Clear xc nh ngt ngoi thuc loi tc ng cnh xung hay tc ng mc thp.

IE0TCON.189HC ngt ngoi 0 tc ng cnh.

IT0TCON.088HBit iu khin chn loi ngt.

2.1.3 Thanh ghi TMOD (Timer/Counter Mode Control Register):

Thanh ghi ny gm 2 nhm 4 bit: 4 bit thp t mode hot ng cho Timer 0 v 4 bit cao t mode hot ng cho Timer 1.

K hiu: TMOD

Chc nng: iu khin chn ch nh thi/b m.

a ch byte: 89H

nh a ch bit: khng.

Timer 1Timer 0

GATEC/TM1M0GATEC/TM1M0

76543210

nh ngha bit:

K hiuM t

GATEBit iu khin cng. Khi bit TRx trong TCON c Set bng 1 v GATE = 1, b nh thi/m ch hot ng trong khi chn INTx mc cao(iu khin cng). Khi bit GATE = 0, b nh thi/m ch hot ng trong khi chn TRx mc cao(iu khin mm).

C/TBit chn chc nng m hay nh thi cho b nh thi/m. Khi C/T = 0, b nh thi/m hot ng nh thi(dng xung Clock nhn t ng vo Tx).

M1Bit chn ch .

M0Bit chn ch .

Hai bit M1,M0 dng chn mode Timer 0 v Timer 1:

M1M0Ch M t

0

00B nh thi 13 bit (tng thch h 8048).

011B nh thi/m 16 bit.

102B nh thi/m 8 bit t ng np li.

113B nh thi 0: TL0 l b nh thi/m 8 bit c iu khin bi cc bit iu khin b nh thi 0. TH0 l b nh thi 8 bit c iu khin bi cc bit iu khin b nh thi 1. B nh thi 1: B nh thi/m 1 ngng hot ng.

2.1.4 H cc thanh ghi phc v nh thi:

H thanh ghi ny gm 4 thanh ghi n cho php lp trnh vin np gi tr cho b nh thi. Thc t ch 2 thanh ghi 16 bit nhng n c ct i thnh 4 thanh ghi 8 bit. Trong 2 thanh phc v cho Timer 0 v 2 thanh phc v cho Timer 1.

B Timer 0 c hai thanh ghi l TH0 v TL0, hai thanh ghi ny khng nh a ch bit.

Thanh ghi 8 bit TH0Thanh ghi 8 bit TL0

a ch: 8CHa ch: 8AH

B Timer 1 c hai thanh ghi l TH1 v TL1, hai thanh ghi ny khng nh a ch bit.

Thanh ghi 8 bit TH1Thanh ghi 8 bit TL1

a ch: 8DHa ch: 8BH

Thanh ghi TIMER

Vi iu Khin 89S52 c 3 timer 16 bit, mi timer c bn cch lm vic. Ngi ta s dng cc timer :

nh khong thi gian.

m s kin.

To tc baud cho port ni tip trong 89S52.

Trong cc ng dng nh khong thi gian, ngi ta lp trnh timer nhng khong u n v t c trn timer. C c dng ng b ha chng trnh thc hin mt tc ng nh kim tra trng thi ca cc ng vo hoc gi s kin ra cc ng ra. Cc ng dng khc c th s dng vic to xung nhp u n ca timer o thi gian tri qua gia hai s kin (v d o rng xung).

Thanh ghi ngt (INTERRUPT)

Mt ngt l s xy ra mt iu kin, mt s kin m n gy ra treo tm thi thi chng trnh chnh trong khi iu kin c phc v bi mt chng trnh khc.

Cc ngt ng mt vai tr quan trng trong thit k v ci t cc ng dng vi iu khin. Chng cho php h thng p ng bt ng b vi mt s kin v gii quyt s kin trong khi mt chng trnh khc ang thc thi.

- T chc ngt ca 89S52:C 5 ngun ngt 89S52: 2 ngt ngoi, 2 ngt t timer v 1 ngt port

ni tip. Tt c cc ngt theo mc nhin u b cm sau khi reset h thng v c cho php tng ci mt bng phn mm. Mc u tin ca cc ngt c lu trong thanh ghi IP (Interrupt Priority) hay ni cch khc thanh ghi IP cho php chn mc u tin cho cc ngt (gi tr thanh ghi IP khi reset l 00h).

Bng 2.4 Tm tt thanh ghi IPBitK hiua ch bitM t

IP.7__Khng c m t

IP.6__Khng c m t

IP.5ET2BDHChn mc u tin cao (=1) hay thp (=0) ti timer 2

IP.4ESBCHChn mc u tin cao (=1) hay thp (=0) ti cng ni tip.

IP.3ET1BBHChn mc u tin cao (=1) hay thp (=0) ti timer 1

IP.2EX1BAHChn mc u tin cao (=1) hay thp (=0) ti ngt ngoi 1

IP.1ET0B9HChn mc u tin cao (=1) hay thp (=0) ti timer 0

IP.0EX0B8HChn mc u tin cao (=1) hay thp (=0) ti ngt ngoi 0

Tm tt thanh ghi IP

( Nu 2 ngt xy ra ng thi th ngt no c no c mc u tin cao hn s c phc v trc.

( Nu 2 ngt xy ra ng thi c cng mc u tin th th t u tin c thc hin t cao n thp nh sau: ngt ngoi 0 timer 0 ngt ngoi 1 timer 1 cng ni tip timer 2.

( Nu chng trnh ca mt ngt c mc u tin thp ang chy m c mt ngt xy ra vi mc u tin cao hn th chng trnh ny tm dng chy mt chng trnh khc c mc u tin cao hn.

- Cho php v cm ngt:Mi ngun ngt c cho php hoc cm ngt qua mt thanh ghi chc nng t bit c nh a ch bit IE (Interrupt Enable: cho php ngt) a ch A8H.

Bng 2.5 Tm tt thanh ghi IEBitK hiua ch bitM t

IE.7EAAFHCho php / Cm ton b

IE.6_AEHKhng c m t

IE.5ET2ADHCho php ngt t Timer 2 (8052)

IE.4ESACHCho php ngt port ni tip

IE.3ET1ABHCho php ngt t Timer 1

IE.2EX1AAHCho php ngt ngoi 1

IE.1ET0A9HCho php ngt t Timer 0

3.1Linh kin s dng trong mch

Bng: Danh sch linh kin s dng trong mch

S th tTn linh kinS lng

1Vi iu khin AT89S521

2Real-time DS12C8871

3IC 74LS081

4Led n6

5Led 7 on4

6in tr 330Ohm6

7in tr 10K1

8Nt nhn mm3

9Thch anh 11.059MHz1

10NPN 2N39044

3.1.1:Mch dao ng

Tinh th thch anh (Quartz Crytal) l loi trong m trong thin nhin, chnh l dioxyt silicium (SiO2).

Tinh th thch anh dng trong mch dao ng l mt lt mng c ct ra t tinh th. Ty theo mt ct m lt thch anh c c tnh khc nhau. Lt thch anh c din tch t nh hn 1cm2 n vi cm2 c mi rt mng, phng (vi mm) v 2 mt tht song song vi nhau. Hai mt ny c m kim loi v ni chn ra ngoi d s dng.

Hnh 3.2 Hnh dng thch anh

c tnh ca tinh th thch anh l tnh p in (Piezoelectric Effect) theo khi ta p mt lc vo 2 mt ca lt thch anh (nn hoc ko dn) th s xut hin mt in th xoay chiu gia 2 mt. Ngc li di tc dng ca mt in th xoay chiu, lt thch anh s rung mt tn s khng i v nh vy to ra mt in th xoay chiu c tn s khng i. Tn s rung ng ca lt thch anh ty thuc vo kch thc ca n c bit l dy mt ct. Khi nhit thay i, tn s rung ng ca thch anh cng thay i theo nhng vn c n nh tt hn rt nhiu so vi cc mch dao ng khng dng thch anh (tn s dao ng gn nh ch ty thuc vo thch anh m khng l thuc mch ngoi).

1.2.3 Mch Reset

Chn Reset (chn 9) c tc dng reset chip AT89C51, mc tch cc ca chn ny l mc 1, reset ta phi a mc 1 (5V) n chn ny vi thi gian ti thiu 2 chu k my (tng ng 2S i vi thch anh 12MHz).Tn s lm vic AT89C51

Chu k my = thi gian s l 1 lnh:T =

Khi reset th trng thi ca RAM ni khng thay i, bng trng thi ca cc thanh ghi khi reset

3.1.2:Mch hin th m ngc LED 7 on

Khi hin th m ngc led 7 on: hin th thi gian ca cc ch thi gian, c hin th trn led 7 on, cc chn ca led c ni thng qua mt in tr thanh ni vi IC vi iu khin.

Hnh 3.3 Hnh dng in tr thanhVic gii m nh phn sang led 7 on iu c thc hin trn vi iu khin. Led 7 on c ni theo kiu anode chung, ngha l: chn E ca transistor c ni ln ngun. Led hot ng vi dng ti thiu l 20mA. S dng port (P0): P0.0, P0.1, P0.2, P0.3, P0.4, P0.5, P0.6, P0.7. Vi cc chn iu khin hot ng thng qua cc transistor PNP A654 iu khin hot ng ch bo ha cung cp dng cho LED sng. Transistor PNP A654 c ni vi port (P2) ca vi iu khin c chc nng khuych i dng cho led hot ng bnh thng.

P2.7: Ni vi led 1 (transistor 1)

P2.6: Ni vi led 2 (transistor 2)

P2.5: Ni vi led 3 (transistor 3)

P2.4: Ni vi led 4 (transistor 4)Hnh 3.3 S mch hin th m ngc4.1.1:Mch hin th LED n

P2.0: Ni vi n xanh ng 1.

P2.1: Ni vi n xanh ng 2.

P2.2: Ni vi n vng ng 2.

P2.3: Ni vi n ng 2.

P3.6: Ni vi n ng 1.

P3.7: Ni vi n vng ng 1.

P1.4: Ni vi n i b 1.

P1.5: Ni vi n i b 2.

P1.6: Ni vi n i b 3.

P1.7: Ni vi n i b 4.

S dng cc led n ni anode chung. Cn cc chn cathode th c ni vo in tr R. V n c iu khin bi cc chn P2.0, P2.1, P2.2, P2.3

V LED n c dng hot ng khong 10mA tr ln nn ta c th chn in tr R sao cho ph hp.

Ngun c cp: Vcc = +5V.

in p phn cc thun ca cc LED:

Led xanh: Vx = 2V 2.8V.

Led vng: Vv = 2V- 2.5V. Led

: Vd = 1.4V- 1.8V.

Hnh 3.4 Mch hin th led n1.3 Mch nt n

P1.0 Ni vi Key_1

P1.1 Ni vi Key_1

P1.2 Ni vi Key_1

Hnh 3.5 Mch nt n

5.1.1:S mch nguyn l

Hnh 3.6 S mch nguyn l

5.1.2:S mch in

S mch in hin th

Mch in iu khin

Khi iu khin Khi hin th

KT LUN

4.3 Kt qu t c

Sau nhiu tun tch cc tm hiu v n lc thc hin, ngi thc hin ti hon thnh n ng theo yu cu v thi gian quy nh. Trong ti, ngi thc hin ti hon thnh c nhng phn sau:

iu khin n giao thng bng tay, thng qua nt nhn.

Cho n giao thng hot ng ch t ng, theo thi gian thc.

Led n gn trn board hin thi trang thai giao thng mt cach trc quan .

Led 7 on gn trn board hin th thi gian m ngc trc quan.

Board mach c thit k gon nhe, d dang s dung.

4.4 Hn ch v hng pht trin

* Hn ch:

Mt s han ch con tn tai trong mach :

- S dng nhiu y ni 2 board

- Cha c tnh nng bo ng khi c s c xy ra i vi thit bi iu khin.

- Mch hot ng cha thc s n nh do do ph thuc vo thi gian thc. TI LIU THAM KHO

[1] Tng Vn On Hong c Hi, H Vi iu Khin 8051, Nh Xut Bn Lao ng X Hi.

[2] R.H.WARRING, S Tay Linh Kin in T Cho Ngi Thit K Mch, NXB Thng K, 1996.

[3] Website: dientuvietnam.net

[4] Website: dientuvienthong.net

[5] Website: dtvt.org

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