Historical & Function of pilesتاريخها و الخوازيق وظيفة

• Romans الرومان • In mediaeval times الوسطى العصور فى• In China الصين

• transferring load االحمال نقل• carry uplift loads الرفع احمال تقاوم• used in marine structures البحريه المنشات فى تستخدم• support retaining walls الحوائط دعم

Classification of pilesالخوازيق تصنيف

Large displacement piles

الكبيرة االزاحة خوازيق

Small displacement piles

الصغيرة االزاحة خوازيق

Replacement pilesاالستبدال خوازيق

Large displacement piles (driven types)الدق ( ) الكبيرة االزاحة خوازيق

Timber (round or square section, jointed or continuous)مستمر ( ) او متصل و مربع او دائرى قطاع ذو خشبPrecast concrete (solid or tubular section in continuous or jointed units)المتصله ( ) او المستمرة الوحدات فى انبوبى او مصمت قطاع ذو االجهاد سابقة خرسانة Prestressed concrete (solid or tubular section)انبوبى ( ) او مصمت قطاع ذو االجهاد سابقة خرسانةSteel tube (driven with closed end)القاعدة ( ) من مغلقة لها و بالدق حديديه انبوبةSteel box (driven with closed end)القاعدة ( ) من مغلق و بالدق حديدى صندوقFluted and tapered steel tube

مدببه حديدة انابيبJacked-down steel tube with closed endJacked-down solid concrete cylinder.

Large displacement piles (driven and cast-in-place types)الموقع ( ) فى مصبوبة و بالدق الكبيرة االزاحة خوازيق

Steel tube driven and withdrawn after placing concreteالخرسانة صب بعد السحب مع مدقوقة حديدية انابيب

Steel tube driven with closed end, left in place and filled with reinforced concrete

المسلحة بالخرسانة تملئ و تترك و مغلقة نهاية ذات مدقوقة حديدية انابيبPrecast concrete shell filled with concrete

بالخرسانة تملئ االجهاد سابقة الخرسانة من قوقعةThin-walled steel shell driven by withdrawable mandrel and then filled with

concreteبالخرسانة مملوئة و المدقوقة الرفيعه الحديد حيطان من قوقعة

Rotary displacement auger and screw pilesالبريمة خوازيق

Expander body.

Small displacement piles

(1) Precast concrete (tubular section driven with open end)(2) Prestressed concrete (tubular section driven with open end)(3) Steel H-section(4) Steel tube section (driven with open end and soil removed as

required)(5) Steel box section (driven with open end and soil removed as

required).

Replacement piles

(1) Concrete placed in hole drilled by rotary auger, baling, grabbing, airlift or reversecirculation

methods (bored and cast-in-place)(2) Tubes placed in hole drilled as above and filled with concrete as

necessary(3) Precast concrete units placed in drilled hole(4) Cement mortar or concrete injected into drilled hole(5) Steel sections placed in drilled hole(6) Steel tube drilled down.

Composite piles

formed by jointing a timber section to a precast concrete section, or a precast concrete pile can have an H-section jointed to its lower extremity. Composite piles consisting of more than one type can be formed by driving a steel or precast concrete unit at the base of a drilled hole or by driving a tube and then drilling out the soil and extending the drill hole to form a bored and cast-in-place pile

Selection of pile type

(1) The location and type of structure

(2) The ground conditions

(3) Durability

Driven displacement pilesTimber piles

الخشبية الخوازيق

Precast concrete pilesالصب سابقة خوازيق

Jointed precast concrete pilesالصب سابقة الخرسانة خوازيق وصالت