Huong Dan ANSYS1

Hc vin k thut qun s B mn Gia cng p lc

inh B Tr - hong vn li

Hng dn s dng ansys

Phn I

H ni 2003

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Hc vin k thut qun s

B mn gia cng p lc- khoa c kh

inh B Tr - hong vn li

Hng dn s dng ansys

phn I

H ni 2003



Li ni u

Gii bi ton c hc l mt vic v cng cn thit nhng rt kh khn.

Nhiu bi ton ln, gii vi m hnh s, cn s dng rt nhiu bin v

cc iu kin bin phc tp, vi khng gian nhiu chiu, vic gii bng tay

l mt vic khng th thc hin c.

Nhng nm gn y, nh s pht trin ca cc cng c ton cng vi s

pht trin ca my tnh in t, ; thit lp v dn dn hon thin cc phn

mm cng nghip, s dng gii cc bi ton c hc vt rn, c hc thu

kh, cc bi ton ng, bi ton tng minh v khng tng minh, cc bi

ton tuyn tnh v phi tuyn, cc bi ton v trng in t, bi ton tng

tc a trng vt l. ANSYS l mt phn mm mnh c pht trin v ng

dng rng r;i trn th gii, c th p ng cc yu cu ni trn ca c hc.

Trong tnh ton thit k c kh, phn mm ANSYS c th lin kt vi

cc phn mm thit k m hnh hnh hc 2D v 3D phn tch trng ng

sut, bin dng, trng nhit , tc dng chy, c th xc nh c

mn, mi v ph hu ca chi tit. Nh vic xc nh , c th tm cc

thng s ti u cho cng ngh ch to. ANSYS cn cung cp phng php

gii cc bi ton c vi nhiu dng m hnh vt liu khc nhau: n hi

tuyn tnh, n hi phi tuyn, n do, n nht, do, do nht, chy do,

vt liu siu n hi, siu do, cc chy lng v cht kh

Nm 2000, NXB Khoa hc v K thut ; xut bn cun Hng dn

ANSYS phin bn 5.0. Sch ra i ; p ng mt phn nhu cu khai thc

s dng phn mm ANSYS gii cc bi ton c cc trng i hc

H Ni v Thnh ph H Ch Minh. Nhiu bn c ; gi th yu cu tc

gi vit tip cc ti liu hng dn ANSYS dng trong WINDOWS. p

ng yu cu ca vic ng dng cc phn mm cng nghip tnh ton cc



bi ton c, tc gi bin son v xut bn cun sch vi nhiu tp khc

nhau. Trc mt xin ra mt bn c cc 3 tp, tng ng vi cc phn sau:

Phn I. Hng dn s dng cc lnh. Phn I c mc tiu cc bn

c lm quen vi cc lnh v giao din ca ANSYS, cc tin ch v cc

cng c. nm c cc lnh , ti liu gii thiu cch s dng cc lnh

gii bi ton kt cu v cc bi gii c th v thanh v dm.

Phn II. Hng dn gii cc bi ton k thut v c hc. Mc tiu

gip bn c hiu c cch s dng Menu, phng php gii mt s bi

ton in hnh trong tnh ton cc bi ton c v trong tnh ton thit k c

kh.

Phn III. Hng dn s dng ANSYS Mechanical. Mc tiu gip cc

bn c nm c cch s dng mun dng chung trong c kh dng

gii cc bi ton trng ng sut v bin dng c nhit, dao ng. Cc

phn khc s c bin son v xut bn trong thi gian tip theo.

Cc tc gi c hy vng cung cp cho cc k s thit k ch to c kh,

cc nh nghin cu tnh ton c hc vt rn v c hc thu kh, cc nghin

cu sinh, hc sinh cao hc v i hc chuyn ngnh c ni chung v c kh

ch to, mt ti liu i vo mt cng ngh tnh ton thit k mi v khai

thc c hiu qu mt phn mm cng nghip.

Tc gi rt mong s ng gp kin ca tt c cc bn c trong ton

quc. Th gi theo a ch: inh B Tr, Khoa C kh, Hc vin K thut

Qun s, 100 ng Hong Quc Vit, H Ni hoc gi th in t theo a

ch: [email protected].

Cc tc gi



Chng 1

gii thiu chung phn mm ANSYS

1.1 Gii thiu chung

ANSYS l mt trong nhiu chng trnh phn mm cng nghip, s

dng phng php Phn t hu hn - PTHH (FEM) phn tch cc bi

ton vt l - c hc, chuyn cc phng trnh vi phn, phng trnh o hm

ring t dng gii tch v dng s, vi vic s dng phng php ri rc ha

v gn ng gii.

Nh ng dng phng php phn t hu hn, cc bi ton k thut v

c, nhit, thu kh, in t, sau khi m hnh ho v xy dng m hnh ton

hc, cho php gii chng vi cc iu kin bin c th vi s bc t do ln.

Trong bi ton kt cu (Structural), phn mm ANSYS dng gii

cc bi ton trng ng sut - bin dng, trng nhit cho cc kt cu. Gii

cc bi ton dng tnh, dao ng, cng hng, bi ton n nh, bi ton va

p, bi ton tip xc. Cc bi ton c gii cho cc dng phn t kt cu

thanh, dm, 2D v 3D, gii cc bi ton vi cc vt liu n hi, n hi phi

tuyn, n do l tng, do nht, n nht.. Trc ht, cn chn c kiu

phn t, ph hp vi bi ton cn gii. ANSYS cung cp trn 200 kiu phn

t khc nhau. Mi kiu phn t, tng ng vi mt dng bi ton. Khi chn

mt phn t, b lc s chn cc mun tnh ton ph hp, v a ra cc yu

cu v vic nhp cc tham s tng ng gii. ng thi vic chn phn

t, ANSYS yu cu chn dng bi ton ring cho tng phn t. Vic tnh

ton cn ph thuc vo vt liu. Mi bi ton cn a m hnh vt liu, cn

xc lp r l vt liu n hi hay do, l vt liu tuyn tnh hay phi tuyn,

vi mi vt liu, cn nhp cc thng s vt l ca vt liu. ANSYS l

phn mm gii cc bi ton bng phng php s, chng gii trn m hnh

hnh hc thc. V vy, cn a vo m tnh hnh hc ng. ANSYS cho



php xy dng cc m hnh hnh hc 2D v 3D, vi cc kch thc thc,

hnh dng c gin n ho hoc m hnh nh vt tht. ANSYS c kh

nng m phng theo m hnh hnh hc vi cc im, ng, din tch, v

m hnh phn t hu hn vi cc nt v phn t. Hai dng m hnh c

trao i v thng nht vi nhau tnh ton. ANSYS l phn mm gii bi

ton bng phng php phn t hu hn (PTHH), nn sau khi dng m hnh

hnh hc, ANSYS cho php chia li phn t do ngi s dng chn hoc t

ng chia li. S lng nt v phn t quyt nh n chnh xc ca bi

ton, nn cn chia li cng nh cng tt. Nhng vic chia nh phn t ph

thuc nng lc tng phn mm. Nu s dng phin bn cng nghip, s nt

v phn t c th n con s hng trm ngn, phin bn i hc, n chc

ngn, phin bn sinh vin n hng ngn.

gii mt bi ton bng phn mm ANSYS, cn a vo cc iu

kin ban u v iu kin bin cho m hnh hnh hc. Cc rng buc v cc

ngoi lc hoc ni lc (lc, chuyn v, nhit , mt ) c a vo ti

tng nt, tng phn t trong m hnh hnh hc.

Sau khi xc lp cc iu kin bi ton, gii chng, ANSYS cho

php chn cc dng bi ton. Khi gii cc bi ton phi tuyn, vn t ra

l s hi t ca bi ton. ANSYS cho php xc lp cc bc lp gii bi

ton lp vi chnh xc cao. theo di bc tnh, ANSYS cho biu

quan h cc bc lp v hi t. Cc kt qu tnh ton c ghi lu

vo cc File d liu. Vic xut cc d liu c tnh ton v lu tr, ANSYS

c h hu x l rt mnh, cho php xut d liu di dng th, nh ,

c th quan st trng ng sut v bin dng, ng thi cng cho php xut

kt qu di dng bng s.



Vic ANSYS c h hu x l mnh, ; em li mt th mnh, cc

phn mm khc phi x dng ANSYS l mt phn mm lin kt x l phn

tch trng ng sut - bin dng v cc thng s vt l khc.

Ti liu ny trnh by b sung cc k thut mi ca ANSYS 10~11,

nn Bn c cn tham kho cun sch Hng dn ANSYS NXB KHKT,

2000.

1.2 Cc c im ca phn mm ANSYS

Yu cu i vi phn cng my tnh c nhn

Phn mm ANSYS, phin bn ANSYS 10~11 chy trn my PC trong

mi trng Windows XP hoc Windows NT .

Cu hnh my ti thiu cho phin bn ANSYS 10~11 l:

- Pentium Pro, Pentium 3~4.

- B nh (RAM): 128 MB tr ln.

- cng: d ti thiu l 500MB.

- Chut: 100% tng thch vi cc phin bn ca cc h iu hnh ;

nu.

- ha: Cc h iu hnh Windows XP, Windows 2000, v

Windows NT u h tr cho card ha, c kh nng h tr phn gii

ca mn hnh l 1024768 High Color (16-bit mu), v h tr cho mn hnh

17 inch (hoc hn) cng vi card ha tng ng.

1.3 cc c im khc

Cc thuc tnh trnh din ca ANSYS - ANSYS Features Demonstrated.

Danh mc cc thuc tnh ng lu c trnh din trong phn m t bi ton v li gii.

Chn ch phn tch - Analysis Options



Chn ch phn tch in hnh l phng php gii, cng phn t (stress stiffening), chn phng php lp trong bi ton phi tuyn Newton-Raphson .

Kiu phn tch - Analysis Types Cc kiu phn tch c dng trong ANSYS: phn tch Tnh (static),

phn tch dao ng ring (modal), dao ng iu ho (harmonic), phn tch bi ton qu (transient), phn tch ph (spectrum), phn tch n nh (eigenvalue buckling), v cu trc con (substructuring) vi bi ton tuyn tnh v phi tuyn.

Phm vi s dng cc sn phm ANSYS Phn mm ANSYS c cc m un sn phm ring bit sau:

ANSYS/Multiphysics, ANSYS/Mechanical, ANSYS/Professional, ANSYS/Structural, ANSYS/LS-DYNA, ANSYS/LinearPlus, ANSYS/Thermal, ANSYS/Emag, ANSYS/FLOTRAN, ANSYS/PrepPost.

ANSYS CFX,

ANSYS PTD,

ANSYS TASPCB,

ANSYS ICEM CFD,

ANSYS AI*Environment,



ANSYS DesignXplorer,

ANSYS DesignModeler,

ANSYS DesignXplorer VT,

ANSYS BladeModeler,

ANSYS TurboGrid, ANSYS AUTODYN

S dng tr gip Help Cc thng tin trong phn tr gip ca ANSYS c vit theo cc tiu

, d tra cu v s dng.

Ton t logc Boolean Ton t Boolean Operations (da trn c s i s Boolean) cung

cp cng c c th ghp cc d liu khi dng cc ton t logic nh: cng, tr, chn.... Ton t Boolean c gi tr khi dng m hnh vt rn Th tch, Din tch, ng ( volume, area, and line).

Trc tip to phn t

nh ngha phn t bng cch trc tip nh ngha nt.

Phm vi ng dng khoa hc Discipline

C 5 lnh vc khoa hc c th gii bng phn mm ANSYS:

Kt cu-C hc (Structural),

Nhit (Thermal),

in (Electric),

T (Magnetic),

Thu kh (Fluid).



Nhng ANSYS cn cho php gii cc bi ton tng tc a trng vt l, do cc trng Vt l thng tc dng cp i, nh nhit v chuyn v trong phn tch ng sut -nhit.

Chn phn t - Element Options

Nhiu kiu phn t c chn phn t c xc nh vt th nh vy l cc phn t vi cc hnh vi v chc nng, phn t cho kt qu c chn in ra.

Kiu phn t c dng - Element Types Used

Cn ch r phn t c dng trong bi ton. Khong 200 kiu phn t trong ANSYS. Ta c th chn mt kiu phn t vi cc c tnh, trong , xc lp s bc t do DOF (nh chuyn v, nhit ...) cho cc hnh c trng nh ng, hnh t gic, hnh khi hp, cc hnh nm trong khng

gian 2-D hoc 3D, tng ng vi h thng to .

Cc phn t bc cao - Higher Order Elements Phn t vi cc nt bc cao c hm dng t gic v cc gi tr bc t

do. l cc phn t gn ng, dng trong cc bi ton vi giao din

theo bc. Thi gian c ly thi gian ca h thng my tnh..

Tn bi ton - JobName Tn File c t ring cho tng bi, nhng c gi tr trong cc phn

tch ANSYS. Phn kiu Jobname.ext, trong ext l kiu File do ANSYS nh tu tnh cht ca d liu c ghi. Tn File c t tu yu cu ngi dng. Nu khng t tn ring, ANSYS mc nh tn l FILE.*.

Mc kh - Level of Difficulty C 3 mc : d, trung bnh v kh. Cc bi ton kh c th chuyn

thnh d, khi s dng bi ton tnh theo bc. Tnh cht in hnh



ca advanced ANSYS c dng nh cc bi ton phi tuyn, macro hoc advanced postprocessing.

Tham chiu - Preferences Hp thoi "Preferences" cho php chn cc lnh vc k thut theo

yu cu vi vic lc chn thc n: Kt cu, nhit, in t, thu kh. Mc

nh, thc n chn a ra tt c cc lnh vc, cc lnh vc khng s dng

c n m. Vic chn c tin hnh bng nh du. Th d, chn mc kt cu, th cc mc khc c n.

Tin x l - Preprocessing L pha phn tch nhp m hnh hnh hc, vt liu, kiu phn t...

Hu x l - Postprocessing ANSYS phn tch theo pha, ta c th xem li cc kt qu phn

tch nh cc hnh nh mu v cc bng s liu. Hu x l chung (POST1) c dng phn tch kt qu ti mt bc nh trn ton b m hnh vt th. Hu x l theo thi gian (POST26) c dng nghin cu cc kt qu ti cc im c bit trong m hnh trn ton b thi gian cc bc.

Gii - Solution L pha phn tch ca ANSYS, trong xc nh kiu phn tch v

chn, t ti v chn ti, khi ng gii phn t hu hn.Mc nh l phn

tch tnh.

M hnh hnh hc Trc ht nh ngha hnh dng hnh hc cho ANSYS, nh nh

ngha mt hnh ch nht, c th nh ngha theo din tch, theo 4 cnh, theo 4 im.

Hng s thc - Real Constants



Cung cp b sung cc tham s c trng mt ct hnh hc cho kiu phn t, nhng thng tin khng th nhp c vo cc nt. Nh, phn t v

shell l chiu dy v mng, phn t dm l din tch mt ct, m men qun tnh mt ct. Cc tnh cht ny c nhp tu theo kiu phn t yu cu.

Thuc tnh vt liu -Material Properties Thuc tnh vt l ca vt liu nh mun n hi, mt , lun c

lp vi tham s hnh hc. Nn, chng khng gn vi kiu phn t. Thuc tnh vt liu quy nh gii ma trn phn t, nn d dng chng c gn cho tng kiu phn t. Tu thuc ng dng, thuc tnh vt liu c th l tuyn tnh, phi tuyn, hoc ng hng. Cng nh kiu phn t v hng s

c trng hnh dng, cn phi t thuc tnh vt liu nhiu ln, tu theo vt liu.

Mt lm vic - Working Plane (WP) L mt mt tng tng vi gc to , dng xc lp cc tham s

hnh hc cc b. Trong h to 2-D (H cc hay to cc), mt lm vic c bm theo tng tham s to . Dng nh v mt i tng ca m hnh. Gc to ca mt lm vic chun nm trng gc to ton cc, gc to ca cc mt lm vic t chn. Gia gc to trn mt lm vic chun (ton th) c quan h vi gc to cc b nm trn h mt lm vic cc b.

1.4 Cc phn t:

Cc kiu phn t STRUCTURE: Phn t cu trc

SPAR: Phn t thanh

BEAM: Phn t dm



PIPE : Phn t ng

2D SOLIDS: Phn t khi c 2D

3D SOLID: Phn t khi c 3D

SHELL : Phn t tm v

SPECLTY: Phn t c bit

CONTACT: Phn t tip xc

SPAR Phn t thanh

2D-SPAR :Phn t Thanh 2D : LINK1

3D-SPAR :Phn t Thanh 3D : LINK8

BILINEAR : Phn t Thanh phi tuyn LINK10

BEAM : Phn t dm

2D-ELAST : PT Dm n hi 2D i xng BEAM3

3D- ELAST : PT Dm n hi 3D, 2~3 nt BEAM4

2D- TAPER : PT Dm thon 2 nt n hi 2D BEAM54

3D-TAPER : PT Dm thon 2 nt khng i xng,3D BEAM44

2D-PLAST : PT Dm do 2D2 nt BEAM23

THIN WALL : PT thnh mng 3 nt dm do BEAM24

PIPE :Phn t ng

STRAIGHT : PT ng thng 3D 2 nt n hi PIP16

TEE : PT ng T 3D, 4 nt n hi PIP17

ELBOW : PT ng cong 3 D 3 nt n hi PIP18

PLASTSTR : PT ng thng do 3D, 2 nt PIP20

PLASTELBOW: PT ng cong do 3D 3 nt PIP60

IMMORSED : PT ng mm hoc cp PIP59

2D-SOLID :Phn t khi c 2D

2D-ELAST : Phn t khi c 2D n hi

8NodQuad : Phn t 2D, 8 nt kt cu t din PLANE82



4NodQuad :Phn t 2D, 4 nt kt cu, t din PLANE42

Triangle : Phn t 2D, 6 nt, kt cu tam gic PLANE2

HYPER Siu n hi

8 NodMixd :Phn t 2D, 8nt, siu n hi HYPER74

4NodMixd :Phn t 2D, 4 nt, siu n hi HYPER6

8NodQuad :Phn t 2 D, 8 nt t din, siu n hi

HYPER84

VISCO Nht

8NodQuad Phn t 2D, 8 nt t din, nht VISCO88

8NodPlas Phn t 2D, 8 nt, t din do nht VISCO108

4NodPlas Phn t 2D, 4 nt , t din do nht VISCO106

HARMONIC Phn t 2D iu ho

8NodQuad Phn t 8 nt, i xng, iu ho t din PLANE83

4NodQuad Phn t 4 nt, Cu trc i xng trc PLANE25

3D-SOLID Phn t vt c 3D

GENERAL Phn t 3D

20NodBri: PT Khi 3D, 20 nt, hp,cu trc SOLID95

Brick: PT Khi 3D, 8 nt, hp, cu trc SOLID45

Tetrahod : PT Khi 3D, 10 nt, chp, cu trc SOLID92

RotBrick : PT Khi 3D ,8 nt, hp c DOF quay SOLID92

RotTetra : PT Khi 4 nt, chp quay SOLID72

HYPER : Siu n hi

Mixbri : PT 3D, 8 nt khi hp, siu n hi HYPER58

Brick : PT 3D, 8 nt, khi hp, siu do HYPER86

VISCO : nht

PlasBrck: PT khi hp c siu do VISCO107

ANISOTRP: Khi khng ng nht



AnisoBri : PT Khi khng ng nht 3D, 8 nt, hp SOLID64

ReinBri : PT Khi hp, b tn c gia c

SOLID65

LayerBri : PT Khi 3D, 8 nt, hp, cu trc lp SOLID46

SHELL :Phn t dng tm- v

8NodQuad: PT tm in- t, 8 nt, n hi SHELL93

4NodQuad: PT tm in-t , 4 nt, do SHELL63

PlastQua: PT tm in- t, 4 nt, do SHELL43

MemBrame: PT mng, in t, 4 nt SHELL41

ShearPnl :PT tm, in t, 4 nt, Panel, un/xon SHELL28

SPECTLY: Phn t hn hp

PINJIONT: Phn t 3D, 5 nt, lin kt khp COMBIN7

ACTUATOR: Phn t kch ng LINK11

FLUIDCPL: PT cp i , 2 nt, dng chy ng FUID38

MATRIX: PT 2 nt, cng hp, cn, ma trn MATRIX27

MASS: PT 1 nt, Khi lng, cu trc MASS21

CONTACT: Phn t tip xc

2DPtSurf : PT tip xc im-mt 2D CONTAC48

3DPtSuf : PT tip xc im-mt 3D CONTAC49

2DPntPnt : PT tip xc im-im 2D, ma st CONTAC12

3DPntPnt : T tip xcim-im 3D CONTAC52

RigidSur :PT tip xc mt cng CONTAC26

THERMAL Phn t nhit

LINK Phn t nhit vi truyn nhit gia 2 im

2DCnDuct PT thanh Dn nhit 2D LINK32

3DCnDuct PT thanh Dn nhit 3D LINK33

CONVert PT 2 nt i lu LINK34



Radiate PT Bc x nhit LINK31

2D SOLID Phn t nhit c 2D

8Nod Quad PT 2D, 8 nt, T gic PLANE77

4 Nod Quad PT 2D, 4 nt, T gic PLANE55

Triangle PT 2D, 6 nt, Tam gic PLANE78

NodHarm PT 8 nt, i xng trc iu ho PLANE78

4NodHarm PT 4 nt, i xng trc iu ho PLANE75

3D SOLID Phn t c 3 D

20NodBri PT 3D, 20 nt, hp c SOLID90

Brick PT 3D, 8 nt, hp c SOLID70

Tetrahed PT 3D, 10 nt hp c khi chp SOLID87

FLUID Phn t cht lng

2D Quad PT 2D, 4 nt, t din dng chy FLUID79

3D Brick PT 3D, 8 nt khi hp FLUID80

HARMONIC PT 4 nt i xng, iu ho,dng chy FLUID81

2D FLOW PT 2D, ng tham s, khi c,Nhit-Lng FLUID15

PIPE Flow PT 3D, 4 nt, truyn nhit - truyn khi FLUID66

2D Acoust PT 2D, 4 nt, dng chy, di m FLUID29

3D Acoust PT 3D, 8 nt, dng chy, di m FLUID30

MAGNETIC Phn t t

3D SOLID PT 3D cp i in - T SOLID96

8NodQuad PT 2D, 8 nt, cp i in-T PLANE53

2DBound PT 2D, bin v hn INFIN9

3DBound PT 3D, bin v hn INFIN47

SurSourc PT ngun b mt SOURC36

Other PT phn tch t, ti cc im khc nhau

MULTIFLD Phn t a trng



3D-LINK PT 3D, 2 nt cp i, in-Nhit, 1 chiu LINK68

MultQuad PT 2D c, cp i, Nhit-in PLAN13

ThElQuad PT 2D, 4 nt, c,cp i Nhit-in PLAN67

MultBrck PT 3D, 8 nt, c, cp i SOLID5

ThElBrck PT 3D, 8 nt, c, cp i Nhit-in SOLID69

Tetrahed PT 10 nt, chp,T-Nhit-Cu trc-in SOLID98

GENERAL M hnh phn t t hp

SprngDmp PT 2 nt, l xo, cn dc/xon COMBIN14

Combinat PT 3D, 2 nt, t hp L xo-Khi lng-Cn-GAP

COMBIN40

ForcDefl PT 2 nt, phi tuyn, Lc tp trung-Un-L xo

COMBIN39

Control PT iu khin COMBIN37

2DSurf PT 2D hiu ng b mt SURF19

3DSurf PT 3D hiu ng b mt SURF22

Substruc PT cu trc con v siu phn t MATRIX50

Danh mc phn t theo vn Element Name - Description

BEAM3 - 2-D Elastic Beam

BEAM4 - 3-D Elastic Beam

BEAM23 - 2-D Plastic Beam

BEAM24 - 3-D Thin-walled Beam

BEAM44 - 3-D Elastic Tapered Unsymmetric Beam

BEAM54 - 2-D Elastic Tapered Unsymmetric Beam

BEAM161 - Explicit 3-D Beam

BEAM188 - 3-D Finite Strain Beam




BEAM189 - 3-D Finite Strain Beam

CIRCU94 - Piezoelectric Circuit

CIRCU124 - General Circuit

CIRCU125 - Common or Zener Diode

COMBIN7 - Revolute Joint

COMBIN14 - Spring-Damper

COMBIN37 - Control

COMBIN39 - Nonlinear Spring

COMBIN40 - Combination

COMBI165 - Explicit Spring-Damper

CONTAC12 - 2-D Point-to-Point Contact

CONTAC26 - 2-D Point-to-Ground Contact

CONTAC48 - 2-D Point-to-Surface Contact

CONTAC49 - 3-D Point-to-Surface Contact

CONTAC52 - 3-D Point-to-Point Contact

CONTA171 - 2-D 2-Node Surface-to-Surface Contact




CONTA178 - 3-D Node-to-Node Contact

FLUID29 - 2-D Acoustic Fluid




FLUID30 - 3-D Acoustic Fluid

FLUID38 - Dynamic Fluid Coupling

FLUID79 - 2-D Contained Fluid

FLUID80 - 3-D Contained Fluid

FLUID81 - Axisymmetric-Harmonic Contained Fluid

FLUID116 - Thermal-Fluid Pipe

FLUID129 - 2-D Infinite Acoustic

FLUID130 - 3-D Infinite Acoustic

FLUID141 - 2-D Fluid-Thermal

FLUID142 - 3-D Fluid-Thermal

HF118 - 2-D High-Frequency Quadrilateral Solid

HF119 - 3-D Tetrahedral High-Frequency Solid

HF120 - 3-D Brick/Wedge High-Frequency Solid

HYPER56 - 2-D 4-Node Mixed U-P Hyperelastic Solid



HYPER84 - 2-D Hyperelastic Solid

HYPER86 - 3-D Hyperelastic Solid

HYPER158 - 3-D 10-Node Tetrahedral Mixed U-P

Hyperelastic Solid

INFIN9 - 2-D Infinite Boundary




INFIN47 - 3-D Infinite Boundary

INFIN110 - 2-D Infinite Solid

INFIN111 - 3-D Infinite Solid

INTER115 - 3-D Magnetic Interface

INTER192 - 2-D 4-Node Linear Interface


INTER194 - 3-D 16-Node Quadratic Interface


LINK1 - 2-D Spar (or Truss)

LINK8 - 3-D Spar (or Truss)

LINK10 - Tension-only or Compression-only Spar

LINK11 - Linear Actuator

LINK31 - Radiation Link

LINK32 - 2-D Conduction Bar

LINK33 - 3-D Conduction Bar

LINK34 - Convection Link

LINK68 - Thermal-Electric Line

LINK160 - Explicit 3-D Spar (or Truss)

LINK167 - Explicit Tension-Only Spar

LINK180 - 3-D Finite Strain Spar (or Truss)

MASS21 - Structural Mass




MASS71 - Thermal Mass

MASS166 - Explicit 3-D Structural Mass

MATRIX27 - Stiffness, Damping, or Mass Matrix

MATRIX50 - Superelement (or Substructure)

MESH200 - Meshing Facet

PIPE16 - Elastic Straight Pipe

PIPE17 - Elastic Pipe Tee

PIPE18 - Elastic Curved Pipe (Elbow)

PIPE20 - Plastic Straight Pipe

PIPE59 - Immersed Pipe or Cable

PIPE60 - Plastic Curved Pipe (Elbow)

PLANE2 - 2-D 6-Node Triangular Structural Solid

PLANE13 - 2-D Coupled-Field Solid

PLANE25 - Axisymmetric-Harmonic 4-Node Structural Solid

PLANE35 - 2-D 6-Node Triangular Thermal Solid

PLANE42 - 2-D Structural Solid

PLANE53 - 2-D 8-Node Magnetic Solid

PLANE55 - 2-D Thermal Solid

PLANE67 - 2-D Thermal-Electric Solid

PLANE75 - Axisymmetric-Harmonic 4-Node Thermal Solid

PLANE77 - 2-D 8-Node Thermal Solid




PLANE78 - Axisymmetric-Harmonic 8-Node Thermal Solid

PLANE82 - 2-D 8-Node Structural Solid

PLANE83 - Axisymmetric-Harmonic 8-Node Structural Solid

PLANE121 - 2-D 8-Node Electrostatic Solid

PLANE145 - 2-D Quadrilateral Structural Solid p-Element

PLANE146 - 2-D Triangular Structural Solid p-Element

PLANE162 - Explicit 2-D Structural Solid



PRETS179 - 2-D/3-D Pre-tension

SHELL28 - Shear/Twist Panel

SHELL41 - Membrane Shell

SHELL43 - 4-Node Plastic Large Strain Shell

SHELL51 - Axisymmetric Structural Shell

SHELL57 - Thermal Shell

SHELL61 - Axisymmetric-Harmonic Structural Shell

SHELL63 - Elastic Shell

SHELL91 - Nonlinear Layered Structural Shell

SHELL93 - 8-Node Structural Shell

SHELL99 - Linear Layered Structural Shell

SHELL143 - 4-Node Plastic Small Strain Shell




SHELL150 - 8-Node Structural Shell p-Element

SHELL157 - Thermal-Electric Shell

SHELL163 - Explicit Thin Structural Shell

SHELL181 - Finite Strain Shell

SOLID5 - 3-D Coupled-Field Solid

SOLID45 - 3-D Structural Solid

SOLID46 - 3-D 8-Node Layered Structural Solid

SOLID62 - 3-D Magneto-Structural Solid

SOLID64 - 3-D Anisotropic Structural Solid

SOLID65 - 3-D Reinforced Concrete Solid

SOLID69 - 3-D Thermal-Electric Solid

SOLID70 - 3-D Thermal Solid

SOLID87 - 3-D 10-Node Tetrahedral Thermal Solid

SOLID90 - 3-D 20-Node Thermal Solid

SOLID92 - 3-D 10-Node Tetrahedral Structural Solid

SOLID95 - 3-D 20-Node Structural Solid

SOLID96 - 3-D Magnetic Scalar Solid

SOLID97 - 3-D Magnetic Solid

SOLID98 - Tetrahedral Coupled-Field Solid

SOLID117 - 3-D 20-Node Magnetic Solid

SOLID122 - 3-D 20-Node Electrostatic Solid




SOLID123 - 3-D 10-Node Tetrahedral Electrostatic Solid

SOLID127 - 3-D Tetrahedral Electrostatic Solid p-Element

SOLID128 - 3-D Brick Electrostatic Solid p-Element

SOLID147 - 3-D Brick Structural Solid p-Element

SOLID148 - 3-D Tetrahedral Structural Solid p-Element

SOLID164 - Explicit 3-D Structural Solid



SOLID187 - 3-D 10-Node Tetrahedral Structural Solid

SOLID191 - 3-D 20-Node Layered Structural Solid

SOURC36 - Current Source

SURF151 - 2-D Thermal Surface Effect

SURF152 - 3-D Thermal Surface Effect

SURF153 - 2-D Structural Surface Effect

SURF154 - 3-D Structural Surface Effect

TARGE169 - 2-D Target Segment

TARGE170 - 3-D Target Segment

TRANS109 - 2-D Electro-Mechanical Solid

TRANS126 - Electro-structural Transducer

VISCO88 - 2-D 8-Node Viscoelastic Solid

VISCO89 - 3-D 20-Node Viscoelastic Solid




VISCO106 - 2-D 4-Node Large Strain Solid



1.5 Cc tham s trong ANSYS

Nhn Label Th nguyn Units ngha Description

EX

Mun n hi theo hng x

ca phn t

Elastic modulus, element x

direction

EY

Mun n hi theo hng y

ca phn t

Elastic modulus, element y

direction

EZ

Lc/ Din tch

Force/Area

Mun n hi theo hng z

ca phn t

Elastic modulus, element z

direction

PRXY

Khng

None

H s Poisson ln trn mt x-

y

Major Poisson's ratio, x-y

plane




PRYZ

H s Poisson ln trn mt y-

z

Major Poisson's ratio, y-z

plane

PRXZ

H s Poisson ln trn mt z-

x

Major Poisson's ratio, x-z

plane

NUXY

H s Poisson nh trn mt

x-y

Minor Poisson's ratio, x-y

plane

NUYZ


y-z

Minor Poisson's ratio, y-z

plane

NUXZ


x-z

Minor Poisson's ratio, x-z

plane

GXY Mun trt, trn mt x-y

Shear modulus, x-y plane

GYZ

Lc/ din tch

Force/Area

Mun trt, trn mt y-z

Shear modulus, y-z plane




GXZ Mun trt, trn mt x-z

Shear modulus, x-z plane

ALPX

H s d;n n nhit theo

hng x ca phn t

Coefficient of thermal

expansion, element x

direction

ALPY

H s d;n n nhit theo

hng y ca phn t


expansion, element y

direction

ALPZ

Bin dng/ Nhit

Strain/Temp

H s d;n n nhit theo

hng z ca phn t


expansion, element z

direction

REFT Nhit

Temp

Nhit tham chiu lm gc

Reference temperature (as a

property) [TREF]

MU Khng

None

H s ma st - Coefficient of

friction (or, for FLUID29 and

FLUID30 elements,

boundary admittance)




DAMP Thi gian Time

Ma trm h;m

K matrix multiplier for

damping [BETAD]

DENS Khi lng/ th tch

Mass/Vol Mt khi Mass density

KXX

H s dn nhit theo hng x

phn t

Thermal conductivity,

element x direction

KYY

H s dn nhit theo hng y

phn t


element y direction

KZZ

Nhit* Chiu di

Heat*Length/

(Time*Area*Temp)

H s dn nhit theo hng z

phn t


element z direction

C Heat/Mass*Temp Nhit dung Specific heat

ENTH Nhit/ th tch Heat/Vol Enthalpy( DENS*C d(Temp))

HF

Nhit/ (T.gian*D.tich*Nhit

)

Heat / (Time*Area*Temp)

H s i lu

Convection (or film)

coefficient

EMIS Khng None H s thm thu Emissivity




QRAT

E

Nhit/ t.gian

Heat/Time

Tc sinh nhit

Heat generation rate ( Ch

dng cho phn t MASS71 )

VISC Force*Time/ Length2 nht Viscosity

SONC Chiu di/ T.gian

Length/Time

Tc m Sonic velocity

(FLUID29, FLUID30,

FLUID129, and FLUID130)

MURX

t thm theo hng x

Magnetic relative

permeability, element x

direction

MURY

t thm theo hng y

Magnetic relative

permeability, element y

direction

MURZ

Khng

None

t thm theo hng z

Magnetic relative

permeability, element z

direction

MGXX Ti/ (Chiu di* Thi gian)

Charge/ (Length*Time)

Sc t khng theo phng x

phn t

Magnetic coercive force,

element x direction




MGYY

Sc t khng theo phng y

phn t


element y direction

MGZZ

Sc t khng theo phng z

phn t


element z direction

RSVX

in tr sut theo phng x

Electrical resistivity,

element x direction

RSVY

in tr sut theo phng y

Electrical resistivity, element

y direction

RSVZ

in tr* Din tch/Chiu di

Resistance*Area/Length

in tr sut theo phng z

Electrical resistivity, element

z direction

PERX

H s in mi theo phng

x

Electric relative permittivity,

element x direction

PERY

Ti 2/(Lc* Chiu di2)

Charge2/ (Force*Length2)

in tr sut theo phng y


element y direction




PERZ

in tr sut theo phng z


element z direction

LSST Khng

None

Tang tn tht cch in

Dielectric loss tangent (Valid

for high-frequency

elctromagnetic analyses

only.)

1.6 Cc m hnh vt liu

M hnh

Model

Lin kt

vi

With ...

Kiu lin kt

Combination

Type

Lnh, Nhn

Command,

Label

Kt ni vi cc

th d

Link to

Example

Plasticity Combined

Hardening Bilinear

TB,BISO +

TB,CHAB

BISO and

CHAB Example

Plasticity Combined

Hardening Multilinear

TB,MISO +

TB,CHAB

MISO and

CHAB Example

Plasticity Combined

Hardening Nonlinear

TB,NLISO +

TB,CHAB

NLISO and

CHAB Example

Viscoplasti-

city

Isotropic

Hardening Bilinear

TB,BISO +

TB,RATE

BISO and

RATE Example

Viscoplasti-

city

Isotropic


TB,MISO +

TB,RATE

MISO and

RATE Example



M hnh

Model

Lin kt

vi

With ...

Kiu lin kt

Combination

Type

Lnh, Nhn

Command,

Label

Kt ni vi cc

th d

Link to

Example

Viscoplasti-

city

Isotropic

Hardening Nonlinear

TB,NLISO +

TB,RATE

NLISO and

RATE Example

Plasticity

and Creep

(Implicit)

Isotropic

Hardening Bilinear

TB,BISO +

TB,CREEP

BISO and

CREEP

Example

Plasticity

and Creep

(Implicit)

Isotropic


TB,MISO +

TB,CREEP

MISO and

CREEP

Example

Plasticity

and Creep

(Implicit)

Isotropic

Hardening Nonlinear

TB,NLISO +

TB,CREEP

NLISO and

CREEP

Example

Plasticity

and Creep

(Implicit)

Kinematic

Hardening Bilinear

TB,BKIN +

TB,CREEP

BKIN and

CREEP

Example

Anisotropic

Plasticity

Isotropic

Hardening Bilinear

TB,HILL +

TB,BISO

HILL and

BISO Example

Anisotropic

Plasticity

Isotropic


TB,HILL +

TB,MISO

HILL and

MISO Example

Anisotropic

Plasticity

Isotropic

Hardening Nonlinear

TB,HILL +

TB,NLSIO

HILL and

NLISO



M hnh

Model

Lin kt

vi

With ...

Kiu lin kt

Combination

Type

Lnh, Nhn

Command,

Label

Kt ni vi cc

th d

Link to

Example

Example

Anisotropic

Plasticity

Kinematic

Hardening Bilinear

TB,HILL +

TB,BKIN

HILL and

BKIN Example

Anisotropic

Plasticity

Kinematic


TB,HILL +

TB,MKIN/

KINH

HILL and

MKIN

Example, HILL

and KINH

Example

Anisotropic

Plasticity

Kinematic

Hardening Chaboche

TB,HILL +

TB,CHAB

HILL and

CHAB Example

Anisotropic

Plasticity

Combined

Hardening

Bilinear

Isotropic and

Chaboche

TB,HILL +

TB,BISO +

TB,CHAB

HILL and

BISO and

CHAB Example

Anisotropic

Plasticity

Combined

Hardening

Multilinear

Isotropic and

Chaboche

TB,HILL +

TB,MISO +

TB,CHAB

HILL and

MISO and

CHAB Example

Anisotropic

Plasticity

Combined

Hardening

Nonlinear

Isotropic and

Chaboche

TB,HILL +

TB,NLISO +

TB,CHAB

HILL and

NLISO and

CHAB Example

Anisotropic Isotropic Bilinear TB,HILL + HILL and



M hnh

Model

Lin kt

vi

With ...

Kiu lin kt

Combination

Type

Lnh, Nhn

Command,

Label

Kt ni vi cc

th d

Link to

Example

Viscoplasti-

city

Hardening TB,RATE +

TB,BISO

RATE and

BISO Example

Anisotropic

Viscoplasti-

city

Isotropic


TB,HILL +

TB,RATE +

TB,MISO

HILL and

RATE and

MISO Example

Anisotropic

Viscoplasti-

city

Isotropic

Hardening Nonlinear

TB,HILL +

TB,RATE +

TB,NLISO

HILL and

RATE and

NLISO

Example

Anisotropic

Creep

(Implicit)

TB,HILL +

TB,CREEP

HILL and

CREEP

Example

Anisotropic

Creep and

Plasticity

(Implicit)

Isotropic

Hardening Bilinear

TB,HILL +

TB,CREEP +

TB,BISO

HILL and

CREEP and

BISO Example

Anisotropic

Creep and

Plasticity

(Implicit)

Isotropic


TB,HILL +

TB,CREEP +

TB,MISO

HILL and

CREEP and

MISO Example

Anisotropic Isotropic Nonlinear TB,HILL + HILL and



M hnh

Model

Lin kt

vi

With ...

Kiu lin kt

Combination

Type

Lnh, Nhn

Command,

Label

Kt ni vi cc

th d

Link to

Example

Creep and

Plasticity

(Implicit)

Hardening TB,CREEP +

TB,NLISO

CREEP and

NLISO

Example

Anisotropic

Creep and

Plasticity

(Implicit)

Kinematic

Hardening Bilinear

TB,HILL +

TB,CREEP +

TB,BKIN

HILL and

CREEP and

BKIN Example

1.7 Cc x l dng trong ANSYS Processors (Routines)

Available in ANSYS

X l

Processor

Hm

Function

ng dn

GUI Path

Lnh

Command

PREP7

Thit lp m

hnh hnh

hc v vt

liu

Main Menu>Preprocessor /PREP7

SOLUTION

t ti v

gii bi ton PTHH

Main Menu>Solution /SOLU

POST1 Kt xut kt

qu tng

Main Menu>General

Postproc /POST1



X l

Processor

Hm

Function

ng dn

GUI Path

Lnh

Command

ng vi i

tng ti

mt thi

im kho

st

POST26

Kt xut kt

qu ti mt

im trong

m hnh vi

hm thi gian

Main Menu>TimeHist

Postpro /POST26

OPT

Hon thin

bn v ban

u

Main Menu>Design Opt /OPT

PDS

nh lng

hiu qu s

phn tn v

ngu nhin

vi bin nhp vo ca phn t phn

tch i vi

kt qu phn

Main Menu>Prob Design /PDS



X l

Processor

Hm

Function

ng dn

GUI Path

Lnh

Command

tch

AUX2

Cc File nh phn dng c c

Dump

binary

Utility Menu>File>

List>Binary

FilesUtility Menu>List>Files>

Binary Files

/AUX2

AUX12

Tnh cc h

s bc x v to ma trn

bc x co

bi ton nhit

Main Menu>Radiation

Matrix /AUX12

AUX15

Chuyn File t CAD hoc chng

trnh FEA

Utility Menu>File>Import /AUX15

RUNSTAT

D bo thi gian CPU, mt sng trong qu

trnh phn

tch

Main Menu>Run-Time Stats /RUNST



1.8 Kiu ch trong lnh ANSYS

Kiu k t

Type style or

text

ngha Indicates

BOLD Ch hoa m, dng cho tn lnh (nh K,DDELE) hoc phn t (LINK1).

Bold>Bold Ch m, ch ng dn, c th km du ng

dn > (Utility Menu>Parameters>Get Scalar

Data)

ITALICS Ch in nghing, ch tn cc tham tr (nh VALUE, INC, TIME).

Italics Ch thng nghing, ch tn cc tham s k t( nh Lab hoc Fname).

1.9 Cc c im mi trong phin bn ANSYS 10~11

i vi bi ton cu trc (Structural), phin bn ANSYS 10~11 ; c

nhng tnh nng v ci tin mi cho php nng cao hn na nng lc gii

quyt dng bi ton ny ca ngi s dng. Nhng tnh nng mi c

th hin nh sau:

Giao din mi trong vic nh ngha cc thuc tnh vt liu (New

Material Definition Interface): i vi vic nh ngha cc thuc tnh vt

liu ANSYS 10~11 gm mt giao din mang tnh trc quan trong vic nh

ngha cc thuc tnh ng x ca vt liu. Giao din ny khin cho ngi

dng c th d dng hn trong vic nhp tt c cc d liu vt liu (m

chng c lin kt vi nhau bng cc lnh MP v TB) cho tt c cc bi



ton phn tch khng k n nhng bi ton phn tch ng lc hc tng

minh (ANSYS/LS-DYNA).

Hnh 1. Giao din ban u nh ngha thuc tnh vt liu ca

ANSYS 10~11.

Hnh 2. Cc loi vt liu c sp xp theo cy cu trc.



Nn tng ca giao din ny da trn c s sp xp mt cch logic

gia cc loi vt liu v chng c biu din theo mt th t nht nh

trn cy cu trc (ging nh vic sp xp cc th mc trong Windows

Explorer ca Windows).Sau khi ; chn c m hnh bi ton thng qua

cy cu trc, ngi dng cn nhp d liu v thuc tnh vt liu v cc hng

s i cng vo trong cc hp thoi tu bin theo theo yu cu ca tng kiu

m hnh bi ton ring bit ; chn. Chnh s sp xp logic ny ; hng

dn cho ngi dng c th d dng hn trong vic xc nh mt m hnh

ring bit hay l c mt t hp m hnh cho mt bi ton phn tch.

Hnh 3. Hp thoi nhp cc d liu.

Cc phng php gii (Solvers): Trong lnh vc gii cc bi ton

ANSYS ; c thm mt cp phng php mi, m hai phng php ny

gii bi ton theo hai hng ring bit:

- AMG (Algebraic MultiGrid Solver): Gii bi ton theo phng

php i s a li.



- DDS (Distributed Domain Solver): Gii bi ton theo phng php

phn b theo tng phn.

Cc phng php ny cho php qu trnh gii bi ton c tin hnh

trn nhiu h vi x l v c th chy nhng m hnh bi ton ln i hi s

lng rt ln b nh ca my tnh.

Phng php AMG da trn c s ca mt h thng nhiu mc

(Multi-level), l mt phng php gii lp m ta c th s dng mt

hoc nhiu h vi x l trong cng mt h thng my tnh gii cc bi

ton m khng tn nhiu thi gian v b nh. Phng php ny rt c hiu

qu trong vic phn tch v gii cc bi ton tnh (Static) hoc qu hon

ton (Full transient) (cc bi ton phn tch ny c th l tuyn tnh hoc

phi tuyn). Thm vo hiu qu ca phng php ny cng c gii hn

trong phm vi cc bi ton phn tch cu trc (Structural) n gin, khi m

cc thng s ca bc t do (DOF-Degree of freedom) ch gii hn trong

phm vi tnh tin v quay theo cc trc X, Y, Z. Cn i vi nhng kiu bi

ton khc nh bi ton nhit khi m cc thng s ca bc t do l nhit

th hiu sut ca phng php ny khng cao.

Phng php DDS l phng php gii chia nh cc m hnh bi

ton ln thnh nhng bi ton nh hn, sau gi nhng bi ton nh n

nhiu h vi x l trong nhiu h thng khc nhau tng tc gii bi

ton. Phng php ny gi bi ton theo m hnh bc thang, n c ng

dng gii cc bi ton ln v phn tch tnh (Static) hoc qu hon

ton (Full transient), vi cc ma trn i xng khng bao hm cc ng

sut cho trc, m men qun tnh lin kt, cc vt th ti, cc phng trnh

rng buc hoc cc bi ton gii theo phng php xc sut. Phng php

ny khng th s dng gii cc bi ton cha cc phn t thanh (Link),

hoc phn t (Prets179), cc siu phn t, v.v



Phng php DDS thc hin gii bng cch t ng chia c m hnh

ln ; to li ra thnh cc m hnh nh hn m khng c s can thip ca

ngi dng. S bc t do (DOF) trong mi m hnh nh l di 10000 v l

tng l gn 1000. S lng m hnh ; c chia nh thc ra lun lun

ln hn s lng b vi x l sn c gii bi ton. Trong sut tin trnh

gii, qu trnh phn tch bi ton c tin hnh ng thi cng mt lc

trn h thng my ch v cc h thng my con ; c ch nh. Mi b

vi x l gii quyt tng phn ca bi ton ln m n c phn cng ng

thi lin kt vi cc b vi x l khc. Sau h thng my ch s dng ln

ton b li gii s bc t do v qu trnh phn tch gii bi ton lc ny ch

cn tip tc trn b vi x l ca my ch.

Cc ci tin mi v cu trc dm v mt ct ngang (Structural Beam

and Cross Section Enhancement): Phin bn ANSYS 10~11 h tr mt cch

c h thng tnh mm do trng thi dm v ng sut, trng thi thc s v

ng sut, cng nh tnh d;o cho kiu dm (Beam188 v Beam189) l hai

kiu dm 3D c gii hn v sc cng l tuyn tnh. Cc ci tin nng cao

khc v dm chnh l kh nng to li tinh cho mt ct ngang v cho php

ghp li theo mun ca ngi dng.

S kt hp U-P mt cch c h thng cho t hp cc phn t (kt hp

gia phn t phng (Planes) v phn t khi (Solid): S kt hp gia phn

t khi v phn t phng mt cch c h thng ; to ra sn cc

KEYOPT(la chn kho phn t) thit lp cho tng phn t ring bit v

d phn t PLANE182 (cu trc phn t khi 4 nt - 2D) hay phn t

PLANE183 (cu trc phn t khi 8 nt - 2D)... Vic kt hp ny ; khin

cho p sut thu tnh tr thnh mt bc t do c lp, trong vic hnh thnh

chuyn v. iu lm cho qu trnh hi t tr nn nhanh v mnh hn i

vi nhng m hnh bi ton vt liu khng nn c hon ton, vt liu n



- do chu sc cng ln, v vt liu n hi tuyn tnh vi h s Poisson's >

0.4999. iu l rt l tng cho vic gi lp m hnh vt liu khng nn

c v d: vt liu cao su t nhin v cao su nhn to.

Phng php tr ring Block Lanczos c mc nh sn cho phn

tch bi ton xc nh dao ng: Phng php tr ring Block Lanczos

[MODOPT,LANB] gi y ; c mc nh sn cho vic phn tch bi

ton dao ng [ANTYPE,MODAL]. Cc phn t (bao gm c cc phn t

tip xc) cng vi phng php nhn t Lagrange (Lagrange multiplier) ;

khng(Not) c h tr.

Ci thin v tc gii bi ton: Vi ANSYS 10~11, ton b cc

thao tc gii bi ton dao ng iu ha ; c ci thin ng k. i vi

cc m hnh ; to li cho cc phn t 3-D, tc gii bi ton ; tng

gp hai ln so vi phin bn ANSYS 5.5 ~8.0. i vi bi ton phi tuyn

thi gian gii ; c ci thin khong 20%.

Ngoi ra phin bn ANSYS 10~11 ; c thm mt s c im v

cc ci tin mi khc (Other New Features and Enhancements) cho php

pht huy trit cc kh nng ca phn mm nh sau:

Ngi s dng nh r cc li ghi ch (User Defined Legends): Gi

y ngi dng c th sp xp li cc mc ghi ch cc li gii thch tr

nn r rng v d hiu hn. iu cng bao gm c kh nng t ng

nt cho cc li gii thch theo bt k mt hng no trn mn hnh ha

(theo chiu ngang hoc chiu dc). Vic thay i v tr cng nh ni dung

c th dc st nhp vo bt c mt ca s no trong 5 ca s biu din ca

ANSYS.

Tin ch nh bng nn (Background Shading): Ngi dng c th

p dng tin ch nh bng nn cho m hnh ; to ra, ng thi c th

thay i mu sc bng lnh /COLOR. Ngoi ra cn c th thm vo m



hnh cc b cc thnh phn khc sn c bng lnh /TXTRE, hoc nhp cc

file nh nh phn (*.bmp) lm cho m hnh tr nn phong ph hn.

Ti u ho cng vic biu din ha (Graphic Display

Optimization): Bn cnh vic a ra hnh nh m phng ca m hnh,

ngi dng cn c th a ra c nhiu thng tin khc v d nh m

phng cc thuc tnh trng thi khc nhau ca m hnh ng vi tng gi tr

ring bit. S dng tnh nng "To cc hnh nh cht lng tt nht - Create

Best Quality Image" ti u ho vic s dng cc kt qu ny bng cch:

Vo Utility Menu>PlotCtrls>Best Quality Image>Create Best

Quality. y chnh l tnh nng rt xut sc ca phn mm ANSYS bi v

n cho php nh thit k c th pht hin c cc sai st hng hc trong

qu trnh thit k m khng cn phi tin hnh ch to, vn hnh th.

H tr dng file nn PNG - Portable Network Graphics (PNG File

format support): y l mt kh nng rt hay ca ANSYS 10~11, bi v cc

file nn kiu ny c s dng rt ph bin trn cc h thng my tnh.

Khng ging nh file c nn theo kiu JPEG hoc GIF, kiu file nn

PNG lun gi c s m bo nht mc c th v ng nt, mu sc

ca hnh nh so vi cc kiu nn file khc.

Xy dng hm (Function Builder): Ngi dng c th s dng chc

nng xy dng hm (Function Builder) trong ANSYS p dng cc iu

kin bin phc tp ln mt m hnh. Chc nng Function Builder b sung

vo danh sch iu kin bin, c im ny ; c gii thiu trong phin

bn ANSYS 5.6, n gm c hai phn:

Chc nng Function Editor t cc d kin u bi, to ra mt phng

trnh hoc hm tu (nhiu phng trnh), v chc nng Funtion Loader

lm nhim v truy cp li cc hm v c chng ra nh l cc mng



TABLE. Sau chng s c p dng cho mt m hnh bi ton s dng

danh sch cc iu kin bin.

Trong chc nng Function Editor, ngi dng c th s dng mt tp

hp cc bin s ban u, cc phng trnh bin s, v cc hm ton hc

xy dng nn cc phng trnh. Ngi dng c th xy dng mt phng

trnh ring l hoc xy dng mt hm l mt chui ca cc phng trnh,

ng thi c th to cc hm v lu tr chng li sau ny s dng cho

cc bi ton phn tch khc.

Hm cc iu kin bin cung cp cc bin s ban u nhiu hn so

vi s cung cp ca danh sch cc iu kin bin.

Hnh 4. Chc nng Function Editor.



Trong chc nng Funtion Loader, ngi dng c th p dng cc gi

tr c bit cho cc phng trnh bin s v xc nh tn mt bng tham s

c th s dng hm cho qu trnh phn tch.

Hnh 5. Chc nng Function Editor

To ra cc bn bo co di dng "Ngn ng nh du siu vn bn -

HTML" (New HTML Report Generator) v a ln h thng mng thng

tin ton cu Internet: Gi y ngi dng c th ly cc thng tin kt qu t

qu trnh phn tch v lu tr n di dng vn bn HTML l mt giao thc

vn bn c s dng trn mng thng tin ton cu. Vi cng c HTML

Report Generator cho php ngi dng to cc hat nh, trch cc bng kt

qu, cc hnh nh ha cng nh l cc phn d liu th (cc log files,

cc ni dung c s d liu ) vo trong mt th mc ; c ch nh sn.



T ngi dng c th s dng Report Constructor t chc li tt c

cc d liu thnh mt vn bn dng HTML. Thao tc cui cng l to tiu

v nh dng vn bn cho ra mt file HTML hon chnh c th xem

bng cc trnh duyt Web trn mng thng tin ton cu Internet.

Kh nng ca cc file mi dng PRG File (The PGR File Capability):

Nhng file mi dng PGR file c kh nng cho php nh r cc d liu

m chng s c to ra trong sut qu trnh x l gii bi ton, v lu tr

li trong file m ngi dng c th truy cp vo thng qua qu trnh hu x

l POST1. iu s tit kim thi gian tnh ton ca qu trnh hu x l,

v n c th khin cho qu trnh truy cp d liu nhanh ln gp 10 ln so

vi cc phin bn ANSYS trc , c bit l i vi nhng m hnh bi

ton ln (c s bc t do ln hn 10 triu).

Ngi dng c th ch nh nhng d liu no c gi li v ghi vo

PGR file trong sut qu trnh gii SOLUTION, hoc c th vit thm vo

mt PGR file ; c sn trong sut qu trnh hu x l POSTPROCESSING.

Khi ; c mt PGR file, tnh chuyn mn ca chc nng PGR Results

Viewer s khin cho vic truy cp vo tt c cc d liu tr nn d dng

thng qua mt hp thai chung. Ngi dng c th to cc dng d liu c

bit nh l cc th v hat nh, cc d liu trch dn hoc l cc nh in,

to cc bng d liu hoc danh sch cc d liu v in d liu trc tip t

mn hnh quan st. Ngi dng thm ch cn c th lin kt trc tip vi

HTML Report Generator, cho php to cc bn bo co trc tip ngay bn

trong ANSYS.

Bng sp xp cc iu kin bin (Tabular Boundary Conditions): Vi

ANSYS 10~11, ngi dng c th m rng hn na kh nng xp sp d

liu theo bng i vi bi ton phn tch nhit bng cch nh ngha cc

iu kin ti ban u v cc bin s c lp. Hn na cc chc nng co d;n



ca bng cc iu kin bin i vi cc dng bi ton phn tch khc s

gip ch cho ngi dng thc hin gii c cc bi ton a trng vt l.

Chnh bi s ci tin ny trong ANSYS 10~11, s tit kim c mt s l-

ng ng k thi gian trong vic khi ng v gn li cc iu kin bin

cho mi bi ton ca ngi dng.



Chng 2

Cc lnh c bn- Nhp lnh bng ca s v menu

2.1 Cc lnh khi ng v giao din

1. Lnh Start >Program > ANSYS 10.0

Sau khi khi ng Windows, ta c th khi ng ANSYS. Vo cc lnh : Start > Program > Ansys 10 chn chc nng khi

ng, thc n cho cc m un chc nng.

Mi chc nng c th khi ng ring bit: ANS_Admin: dng nhp cc thit lp qun l; ANSYS System Help: dng khi ng tr gip h thng; CMAP Utility: dng khi ng chng trnh thit k bn mu; DISPLAY Utility: dng khi ng chng trnh xem cc nh v

hnh v c ANSYS to ra kiu *.GRP v nh ng *.AVI;



Help System: dng trc tip chy tr gip v tra cu. INTERACTIVE: dng khi ng chng trnh ANSYS chnh, trong

cho hp thoi iu khin, cn chn cc tham s theo yu cu hp thoi;

RUN INTERACTIVE NOW: dng chy ANSYS mc nh,

INTERACTIVE Thit lp mi trng lm vic cho ANSYS, gm:

ng dn lm vic v mi trng ho, tn file s dng, t dung lng vng lm vic, c File START.ANS, nh ngha tham s, chn

ngn ng. Sau khi thit lp, chn : Run. Hp cc hng dn xut hin, c

lm theo hoc mc nh.

Tip sau, bm OK khi ng tip.

Mn hnh giao in ANSYS xut hin. 2. Mn hnh giao din

2. Mn hnh ANSYS

Trn mn hnh c :



ANSYS Menu Utility: Thanh Menu tin ch, cha cc tin ch b sung cc lnh ph tr, kim sot cc thit lp v nhp xut d liu.

ANSYS Main Menu: Menu chnh, cha cc lnh chnh ca

ANSYS.

ANSYS input: ca s nhp lnh t bn phm.

ANSYS Graphic: Ca s mn hnh ho. ANSYS Toolbar: Cc thanh chc nng ghi lu d liu, thot, ch

ho v cc cng c do ngi s dng to ra. ANSYS Output: Ca s ghi li ton b cc vic lm ca ANSYS v

cc kt qu tnh ton phn tch.

2.2 Menu chnh - Main Menu

C 3 cch nhp lnh: nhp t bn phm, nhp bng c cc file d

liu chng trnh, hoc nhp bng Menu. Sau y ta s nghin cu cch s

dng Menu nhp lnh gii bi ton trong ANSYS.

I. nh dng bi ton Preferences

Lnh: Main Menu > Preferences:

Khi ANSYS c np xong cn tin hnh nh dng bi ton nh sau:

Trn ANSYS Main menu chn Preferences.

Ca s thng bo xut hin cc tu chn bi ton:

- Structural: Bi ton kt cu

- Thermal: Bi ton nhit.

- ANSYS Fluid: Bi ton thy kh.

- FLOTRAN CFD: Bi ton ng lc hc cht lng.

Cc bi ton v in t:

- Magnetic-Nodal: in t - Nt



- Magnetic-Edge: in t - Cnh

- High Frequency: Tn s cao

- Electric: in t

C th t chn cc phng php gii bi ton:

- h-Method: Phng php h (tng chnh xc tnh ton

bng tng bc a thc)

- p-Method Struct: Phng php - p (dng cho cu trc,

tng chnh xc bng chia nh li phn t)

- p-Method Electr: Phng php - p dng cho in t

- LS-DYNA Explicit: Gii LS-DYNA tng minh.

Sau khi chn xong: Bm chut vo OK.



II. H tin x l - Preprocessor (Prep7):

Trong h tin x l, gm:

Xc lp phn t: Chn kiu phn t, nhp hng s thc v thuc tnh vt

liu. ng thi chn cc tit din mt ct (Section) trong bi ton kt cu.

H tin x l Kiu phn t Hng s thc... Thuc tnh vt liu > Cc dng mt ct M hnh ho

To m hnh Cc ton t Dch chuyn/ bin i Sao chp Phn chiu Kim tra hnh hc Xo

Cp nht hnh hc Cc thuc tnh nh ngha Cng c chia li Kim tra kch thc Chn la li Rng buc Chia li Bin i li V cc phn t

hng Chn cc phn t

hng Xo Kim tra kim sot Kim tra nh s Lu m hnh Bi ton tc dng kp/ Hm

lin kt To phn mi tnh tn s Thit lp FLOTRAN t ti Mi trng Vt l

- M hnh ho: Cho php to cc im, ng, din tch trong m hnh

2D, ng thi cho php xy dng m hnh 3D vi cc lnh x l cng tr

lgic, xo v cp nht hnh.


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