ijNdúl iïm;a hymd,kh jeäohqK lÍu ;=

iajNdl im;a hymd,kh jeoshqKq lsu ;=

iajNdl im;a md,kh ms

ljqreka hqKq lrk ,oafoao@

fuu w;afmd; mq,a WmfoaYk l%shdjhla yryd ilik ,oaols' IUCN - wdishd

l lr.ekSf wjia:dj i,ihs' tfyhska

w;afmd;a u.ska wdx.sl iy jevj, m%.;shi y kjuq w;aoelS u.ska ,efnk m%;s,dN

u; mokj wjia:djka jOkh lr.eksu flfrys Odkh fhduq l< hq;=f' jvd;a

ldjk iq bf.kqu yd W.ekqula i|yd Nd;hg myiq wdlD;s i|yd fmd

wdlD;shla iy ie,eiaula tu.ska ilidf.k ;sf' mqyqKq wjYH;d i|yd mj;sk

im;a u; mokj mqyqKq jevigyka wO k tlak iy ;=ka k jYfhka fjkia

lr.; yelsh' ;=kak mqyqKq wdlD;sh my; i|yka ud;Dld wdjrKh lrhs'

kh 1 ( md,kh w: oelau

md,kfha wx.

kh 2 ( md,kfha uQ,Ou

md,kfha rduqj

iajNdl im;a md,kfhaoS wod, k md,kfha idudkH wx. iy uQ,Ou

fhdod.kq

,nk wdldrh'

kh 3 ( md,kfha rduqj ;=< tys Nd;fha mph

( .eg,q iy uey;a

( .%dh mam;alu wju lsu i|yd iajNdl im;a md,kh hkak odhljk

wdldrh

i|yd ksoiqka'

msi @

fuu w;afmd; wjYH;d iy mj;sk im;a u; mok fjka my< ugf m%cdf

isg by< ugf ;SrK ,kq ,nk ks

oskh -01 ieisjdrh

f,dj

ud;Dldj

l%ufohka yd WmlrK

igyka

ta 8.30-9.30 fm'j

yoqkajdoS l%ufohka tlsfkld fj;

;u ;uka yoqkajd oSug iyNd.sjkakka iska O l%u w;rska tla l%uhlska bv i,idoSu. "iuqL idlPd" " is;sh"fjk;a.

Wmlrk j.=$Flip Chart ld mEka / udlia is;sh ^l,am&

l,am is;shu rf O md

isu . l,am

mqyqKqlre "kfmd;a wOHhkh" hk ixl,amh ykajd u. iyNd.s jkakka km;du kfmd;a, igyka mj;ajd.; hq;= w;r tl tla kj, W.kakd foa, f;are .ekSug wmyiq foa, kslaIKh iòyd bf.kSug jvd;a leu;s oE wdh igyka lr .ekSu .

iyNd.sjkakka iska bf.kq kfmd;la Nd; l, hq;=h.fuh Nd; l< hq;= jkafka 3 k mqyqkq mdGud,dj iòyd muKla jk w;r 1/2 k iudrNh iy 1 k mdGud,dj iòyd fkdf.

bf.kq oskfmd;ska iyNd.S jkakkag fuu mqyqKqj wjidkfha ish /lshd lafIa;%h ;=< Tjqka W.;a foa m%dfhda.slj wod, lrk whqre ie,iq lsrSug yelsjkq we;'

1 10.15-

10.45 fm'j

md,kh k ixl,amfhys miqu

l%ufohka md,kh hkqfjka

Tyq fyda weh woyia lrk foh ldmf;ys ,shk f,i lshkak

ieu iyNd.S jkafkl=gu fuu ldm; uq mqyqKq ieish mqrdu ;nd.kakd w;r wjidkfhaoS "wdrNfhaoS Tyqf.a $wehf.a wjfndaOh tlu foehs n,kak'

iyNd.S jkakka

Tjqkaf.a uQ,sl woyia ,sfuka miq mqyqKqlre fl bosrsm;a lsrSula ^predentation& iy wk;=rej idlPd jdrhla mj;ajhs

WmlrK mj fmdhska bosrsm;a lsrSula ,ndfokq we;' ld mEka$udl mEka

2 fm'j 10.45 -m'j 12.30

md,kh w:ksrEmkh

l%ufohka uq,skau wNHdihla md,kh inkaO

w: oela-A4 msgqj, ,shd ldurh mqrd we,u

iyNd.s jkakka ldurh mqrd hka tu w: ksrEmk lshu

md,kh hkakg jvd;a .e,fmkafkaoehs is;d w:ksrEmkh f;arSu iy ta ukaoehs meyeos,s lsrSu

fyda uQ,h fkdolajuska md,kh hkak w: oelaa ish,a, fnodyerSu lKavdh tl`.;ajfhka meK jvd;a .e,fmk w: ksrEmkh fiu iy Tjqkaf.a ;SrKh meyeos,s lsrSu wNHdifhka miqj

md,kh ms

uQ,hka i`oyka lka fnodyerSu

mqyqKqlre md,kh ms

bosrsm;a ls imhkq ,ef

3 m'j 1.30-

1.45

md,kh hkafkys iuka; jkoE ykajdoSu

l%ufohka mqyqKqlre iska

fl bosrsm;a lsrSula

m%Yak iy W;a;r

ixlaIsma; jYfhka WmlrK

mj fmdhska bosrsm;a lsrS 2 la iemfha

osk 1$2 iudrNl W;aijh iy tlaosk-mqyqKqj iy 3 osk mqyqKqj

3 osk mqyqKqj i|yd 3 jk ieisjdrfhaoS md,kfha wka;.;hka ms

oskh-2

7 9.10-10.00 fm'j md,kh ms

12 2.15 -2.45 m'j md,kh iy mrsmd,kh w;r we;s fjki

l%ufohka

mqyqKqlre iska wNHdih ms

1

1111

2

1111

3

1111

4

1111

5

1111

6

1111

7

1111

8

1111

9

1111

13

14

2.45-3.15

3.15-4.00

4.00-4.45

flh md,kh inkaO uQ,sldx. ms

13

14

3.15-4.00

4.00-4.45

md,kh inkaO uQ,sldx. ms

03 jk kh 15

9'00 - 9'10 9'10 -10' 30

2jk kh i|yd iyNd.slhkaf.a fl iudf,dapkh uey;a y`kd .ekSu

l%ufoh iafPduh iyNd.slhka u.ska bm;a lrk imsKavkhla l%ufohka

lKavdh l%shdldrl lKavdh jevj, miq

mru m%Yak iy ms

16

10' 30 - 10' 45 10'45 - 11 ' 30 11' 30 - 11' 45 11' 45- 12' 00 12'00 - 12' 30 12' 30 -

flh iajNdl im;a md,kh iy .Snj wju lsu wjika m%Yak yd ia;rlsu m%.;s iudf,dapkh yd iaj wOHhkh wjidkh jd wydrh

l%ufohka

im;aodhl fyda mqyqKqlre iska fl bm;a lsula lsu'

m%Yak yd ms

iajNdl im;aj, md,kh ms

ieish 03 md,kfha ixrplhka ms

iajNdl im;a md,kh"^mqyqKqf kh yd ia:dkh&" m

ieish 02 md,kh w: oelau ' 1. ieisfha wod,;ajh jQfha 1 2 3 4 2. bm;a lsf l%uh jQfha 1 2 3 4

3. mqyqKqlref.a ksmqK;ajh jQfha 1 2 3 4 4. fuu ieisjdr ;=

ieish 05 l%shdj,s'

1. ieisfha wod,;ajh jQfha 1 2 3 4 2. bm;a lsf l%uh jQfha 1 2 3 4 3. mqyqKqlref.a ksmqK;ajh jQfha 1 2 3 4 4. fuu ieisjdr ;=

1. ieisfha wod,;ajh jQfha 1 2 3 4 2. bm;a lsf l%uh jQfha 1 2 3 4 3. mqyqKqlref.a ksmqK;ajh jQfha 1 2 3 4

4. fuu ieisjdr ;=

ieish 13 md,kfha iSudj ms

4. fuu ieisjdr ;=

....

............. iajNdl im;a md,kh"^mqyqKqf kh yd ia:dkh&" m

1. ieisfha wod,;ajh jQfha 1 2 3 4 2. bm;a lsf l%uh jQfha 1 2 3 4 3. mqyqKqlref.a ksmqK;ajh jQfha 1 2 3 4

4. fuu ieisjdr ;=

ieish 07 iajNdl im;a md,kh iy

NRG ieish 1 miqu

(presentation 2)

1 ieish md,kh ykajd oSu' miq f;dr;=re' jir 300 lg;a wl ld,hla ;siafia md,kh hk kjuq ixl,amh wm iu. mej;=ks' miq.sh 20 jirl ld,h ;=< ixjOk iy ixrlaIK lafIa;%kays jOkSh wjOdkh th k;=lrf.k we; 2002 jIfhaoS OrKsh ixjOkh ms

fldakfhka .;al, rglg jvd;a M,odhs l=ulao iy th f.dvk.kafka flfiao hkak myiqfjka f;are.; yelsjkq we;' fuu f;dr;=reilid .kq ,enqf fudf meg%sIShd f;dauia f.%an iy iehsud fn.a 2010jkdka;r kS;sfha md,kh iy n,d;aul lsrSu lafI;%fha fidhd .ekS - IUCN f f;dr;=re ms

Presentation3

1 md,kh hkq h rgl foaYmd,ksl wd:sl iy mrsmd,k hk ishu n,dldrhkaf.a

l

2 md,kh hkafkka woyia lrkq ,nkafka ;SrK .ekSf ls%hdj,sh iy tu ;SrK ls%hdf fhou fyda fkdfhou ms

3 md,kh hkq h cd;shlf.a lghq;= lrf.k hEu i|yd wjYH jkakdjQ foaYmdk wd:sl iy mrsmd,k n,dldrhkaf.a jEhuls

4 hy md,kh hkq ria:dhs ixjOkh iy iudkd;au;djh ms

5 md,kh hkafkka woyia lrkq ,nkafka ^l

6 md,kh hkak iEoS we;af;a rgl n,dldrS wdh;k iy im%Odhkaj, tl;=jlsks fuhg rchka f;arS m;ajk wdldrh;a miq mru yd bj;alr kej; m;alrjd .ekSu hk ls%hdj,Skao g we;=

7 h cd;shlf.a lghq;= l

8 mqrjeishka Tjqkaf.a iy rdcH wdh;k ks

9 md,kh hkafkka uyck;djiy wdh;k iska h fmd wruqKla bgqlr.ekSu i|yd lghq;= lrk wdldrh";SrK .ekS"n,h ls%hd;aul lru hk ls%hdj,sh iy ta i|yd Wmfhda.S lr.kq ,nk jkdl"rS;s iy wdh;khka olajkq ,ef

10 md,kh hkq n,h Nd;d lrkq ,nk wdldrh;a n,dldrh iy h rgla tys lghq;= l

11 md,kh hkafkka iudchla yd wdh;khla jeo.;a ;SrK .kq ,nk ls%hdj,sh;a ta i|yd fhdod.kq ,nkafka ljqrekao hkj. ;SrKh lsrSu;a iy tajdfha lghq;= ie,fik wdldrh ms

12 md,kh hkq iudchla md,kh lrkq ,nk l%u foh fyda ls%hdj,shhs'

13 uyck ks

md,kh yekau 1 md,kh hkq h rgl foaYmd,ksl wd:sl iy mrsmd,k

hk ishu n,dldrhkaf.a l

md,kh yekau

10 md,kh hkq n,h Nd;d lrkq ,nk wdldrh;a

n,dldrh iy h rgla tys lghq;= l

themselves and with government agencies/officials. 9 Governance encompasses the values, rules, institutions, and processes through which

people and organizations attempt to work towards common objectives, make decisions, generate authority and legitimacy, and exercise power.

10 Governance is about the use of power and authority and how a country manages its affairs. 11 Governance is the process whereby societies or organizations make important decisions,

determine whom they involve and how they render account. 12 Governance is the process or method by which society is governed. 13 Governance describes the overall manner in which public officials and institutions acquire

and exercise their authority to shape public policy and provide public goods and services.

Presentation 4

NRG ieish 4 kS;s

kS;s kS;s-jHjia:dms; iy pdrs;%dkql+, miq f;dr;=re jHjia:dms; iy pdrs;%dkql+, kS;s uska whs;sjdisl ksudKh lrhs' wdh;k iy ls%hdj,Ska fj; moku imhhs ksiqka tlsfkld iu fukau iajNdl im;a iuo lghq;= lsrSfoS wjYH jk uQ,sl uQ,Ou ixia:dmkh lrjhs wd:sl iy uQ,Huh wxYhka iajNdl im;a inkaOj fyda ;SrK .ekSu foig fhduqjk w;r pdrs;%dkql+, fukau jHjia:dms; kS;sho ms

mkjhs tuska iajNdl im;a inkaOj ;SrK .ekSfoS uyck iyNd.S;ajh iy iajNdl im;a inkaOfhka lghq;= lrkakdjQ rcfha ks

Western Cape, 16-17 October 2000, p. 4. Available on-line: http://www.cbnrm.net/pdf/corbett_001.pdf Accessed 1 May 2009.

Ellsworth, Lynn. 2004. A Place in the World: A Review of the Global Debate on Tenure Security. Ford Foundation. Available on-line:

http://www.fordfound.org/pdfs/impact/place_in_world.pdf Accessed 30 March 2009.

Nguyen Quang Tan, Nguyen Van Chinh, and Vu Thu Hanh. 2008. Statutory and Customary Forest Rights and their Governance Implications: The Case of Viet Nam. IUCN Viet Nam. Hanoi. Available on-line: http://cmsdata.iucn.org/downloads/vn_flegt_assessment_report_en.pdf Accessed 20 May 2010

http://www.cbnrm.net/pdf/corbett_001.pdfhttp://www.fordfound.org/pdfs/impact/place_in_world.pdf%20Accessed%2030%20March%202009http://www.fordfound.org/pdfs/impact/place_in_world.pdf%20Accessed%2030%20March%202009http://cmsdata.iucn.org/downloads/vn_flegt_assessment_report_en.pdf%20Accessed%2020%20May%202010http://cmsdata.iucn.org/downloads/vn_flegt_assessment_report_en.pdf%20Accessed%2020%20May%202010

Presentation 5

4jk ieish- isoa wOHkh kS;s-jHjia:dms; iy pdrs;%dkql+, YS% ,xldf wdosjdiS ck;dj jk jeos ckhd $wdosjdiSka fyda jkaksh, we;a;ka fj; jir oyia .Kkl w;S;hla we; jI 1980 uyje,s ixjOk jHdmD;sh mgka.ekSug fmr oUdk iy ta wjg fmfoi jkdka;r j,ska jeiS ;snqKs wdosjdiS m%cdj ovh lsrSu" jo iy jk M, j. tl;= lsrSu"fyaka j.dj iy Tjqkaf.a pdrs;% jdrs;% meje;auo jeks idm%Odhsl lghq;= j, ksr; jQy wdosjdiSyq bv iy im;a j,g pdrs;%uh whs;sjdisl lshhs ishjia .Kkdjla ;siafia mosxj isho tu wdosjdiS m%cdj Tjqkaf.a ksjdi iy foam, i|yd ysl f,aLk.;lr we;aoehs meyeos,s ke; jk i;aj yd jDlaI,;d wd{d mk; ^Fauna and Flora Protection Ordinance&m%ldrj cd;sl jfkdaoHdk rchg wh;a fkdjk N+ jYfhka m%ldYhg m;al, fkdyel jk i;aj yd jDlaI,;d wd{d mkf;a 1983 fkdjen 09 jk osk udreTh cd;sl jfkdaoHdkh m%ldYhg m;alrk ,os 1990 os DWC iska lrk ,o ix.Kkhg wkqj tjlg wdosjdiSka kdhl;ajh oerE WErejrsf.a ;sidyd iy Tyqf.a im;u mjqf,a idudcslhka 7 fofkl= yer ta jk g jfkdaoHdkh ;+< iQ wfkl=;a ishu fokd jfkdaoHdkfhka msg; ia:dkj, kej; mosx lrjkq ,en we; wdosjdiS /fya idudcslhka lsysmfofkl= jfkdaoHdkh ;=< oUdk iy fldgnlsksh m%foaYhkays ish uq,aj, jdih os.gu mj;ajd .;ay jfkdaoHdkhla njg m%ldYhg m;alsrSfuka miqj mjd wdosjdiSyq ish idm%odhsl lghq;= tf,iskau lrf.k .shy fuh wdosjdiS ck;dj iy jfkdaoHdk l

tfyhska tu ixfYdaOk u.ska wdoSjdis m%cdjf.a mdrml is;a ;a tu.ska wdjrKh foehs lSug ;ju;a fkdyel' wOHhkh u; f.dvkef.k m%Yak

1 fuu kvqf wdrNfha i|yka pd;% kS;sh yd jHjia:dms; kS;sh w;r mj;sk .eg,q flfia fo @

2 tu iwdrjq,a i|Su i|yd jHjia:dodhl wldkag .; yels ;SrK fudkjdo@

tu iwdrjq,a i|Su i|yd pd;%dkQl+, wldkag .; yels ;SrK fudkjdo@ 3 wkd.;fhys we;shyels wdrjq,a u.yer fuu ;SrK .ekSu iy l%shd;aul

lsu i|yd jHjia:dms; wldkag fhdod.; yels l%shdud. fudkjdo @

NRG ieish 5 wdh;k

wdh;k

miq f;dr;=re

wdh;k uska ;SrK .eksu iy ls%hd;aul lsu isf' Tjqka kS;s iy ;s iEu iy

tajd ls%hd;aul lsu islrk w;r" ls%hdud.hka i|yd j.lSu oeh hq;=h'

idudkHfhka Tjqka ;SrK .kakka jYfhka iajNdl im;a md,kh lsf iy

wdl" idudchSh ixjOkfha Tjqyq m%Odk ldh Ndrhla bgq lr;s' iajNdl

im;a ria:dhs f,i Nd;fha Yd, n,mEula we;s lrhs'

^wdh;k iska ;SrK .eksu iy ls%hd;aul lrk wdldrhka iy kS;s ;s n,.kajk

wdldrhka&

wdh;khla hkq l=ulao @

ixjOk iy iajNdl im;a ixrCIK fCIa;%fha wdh;khla hkq iajNdl im;a

md,kfha fyda ixjOkh tlaj fyda je .Kkla jq me;slvhka (Aspects) i|yd

j.lsj hq;= jk h ixOdkhla fyda mqoa.,fhls'

wdh;ksl Yla;su;a lsu hkafkka idudkHfhka rdcH ksfhda; wdh;khkaf.a

Ylakq;djh f.dvke.su woyia flf' fndfyda uE;l wdh;ksl Yla;su;a lsu

hkafkka is,a iudc ixOdkhkaf.a Ylakq;djh f.dvke.sug o we;=,;a flf' fuu

mqyqKq w;a fmd; wdh;kh hkafkka tu w: ksremKh Nd;d flf'

wdh;k j.

O j.fha wdh;k" ;SrK .eksf iy tajd ls%hd;aul lsf h ldh Ndrhla

orhs' wdh;k u;a fyda wu;a h yelsh' u;a hkafkka jHjia:dms; kS;shla

uska we;slrk ,o fyda ykd.kq ,enq wdh;k woyia f' rcfha wud;Hjreka iy

wfkl=;a ksfhda;dh;k" cd;sl iy Wm cd;sl (Sub National) md,sfka;=" iNdjka"

jHjia:dodhlhka" wlrK" rdcH - fkdjk ixOdk" mqoa.,sl wxYfha ix." iy

m%cd uq, ixOdk we;=

pd;%dkql+, wdh;k hkafkka" iajNdl im;a Nd;h im%odhsl kS;sh yd wkql+,j

isjk nj" tajd lvjk nj iy o`vqj ;SrKh lsu ksCIKh$ miq mr lsu

i|yd msysgqjd.;a wdh;ko we;=

uOHu ugka iajNdl im;a inkaOj j.lSu mejfrk rcfha wdh;k jYfhka

jkdka;r inkaOj" mirh inkaO" jr lghq;=" lDIsludka;h" m;,a leks iy

wfkl=;a wud;HxY oelah yels w;r" Tjqka w;r M,odhs inkalrKhla i|yd

hdka;%Khla fkdue;' ;jo" iyfhda.s;dj i|yd we;af;a iSudiys; wjia:djka jk

w;r .kakd ,o W;aiyhka igyka lsug ^oa.+Kkh& je bvla we;s w;r m%Yak

j,g u mdohs' uOHu ugka inkalrKfha wvqjla mj;sk g ta yd iudk

wvqmdvqjla Wm - cd;sl ugf msysgqjd we;s iajNdl im;a inkaOfhka j.lsj

hq;= uOH.; rdcH wldka ;=

Presentation 6

ieish - 5 - isoa wOHhkh'

wdh;k'

.uq l

wdh;ksl wnqo f.dvkef.k g kS;sfha ldhNdrh l=ulao @

02. wdh;ksl .eg iu i|yd jHjia:dms; wldkag l=uk ;SrK .; yelso @

03. wdrjq,a iu i|yd .;a W;aiyhka f ;dla id:l fkdu i|yd n,mE

kS;suh yd wdh;ksl fya;=ka fudkjdo @

04. wkd.; wdrjq,a j,lajd,S yels m wdh;ksl wnqo iug ;SrK .eksug

iy ls%hd;aul lsug jHjia:dms; wldkag .; yels ls%hdud.h fyda

ls%hdud. fudkjdo @

NRG ieish 6 l%shdj,Ska

ls%shdj,Ska

miq f;dr;=re

l%shdj,Ska hkq h fohla fj; ,df wruqKska is lrkq ,nk l%shdldrl ud,djla

f'

;jo l%shdj,Ska hkq md,kfhys w;HjYH wx.hla o f' ;SrK .ekSu ioyd l%shdj,Ska

mej;Su wjYH jk w;r" tfukau fuu ;SrK l%shdjg kexu ioydo l%shdj,Ska wjYH

f' tfukau O jQ nehdjkaf.ka hq;a wjodk orkakka (stakeholders) iu. Tjqka

w;r .Kqfokq is lsf iy uey;afo l%shdj,Ska wjYH f' fuys iEu

wjodk orkakl=u l%shdj,shg inkaOj ykd.ekSu iy Tjqka l%shdj,shg yjq,a lr

.ekSu o b;d jeo.;af' l%Shdj,Ska jD;j mj;sk g Tjqka tl;djhkag t

idudkHfhka h kS;shla fyda ;shla fyda ;SrKhla l%shd;aul lsu ioyd wjYH jk

l%Shdj,Ska ioyd myiql iemhSug wdh;khka j.lshkq ,nhs' cd;sl iy wkq cd;sl

fmd wxYfhys (National and Sub-National Public Sector) wdh;khka l%Shdj,Ska

l%shd;aul lsu ioyd myiql iemhSug fyda Tjqka i;= m%;sM, ;SrK .ekSf iy

l%shd;aul lsf l%shdj,shg ixhqla; lsf yelShdj u| f wNsfhda.hg uqyqK fokq

,nhs'

hkduh iajdNdl im;a inkaO jD; l%shdj,shla w;ayod ne,Su ms

Presentation 07

ieish 6 - isoa wOHhkh

l%Shdj,Ska

fmhl,mq - l,mqj'

fmh l,mqj hkq Y%S ,xldf kef.kysr fjr< ;Srfha msys iqYd, l,mq w;ka

tlls' 1980 .Kka j, l

wu;r m%;smdok ,ndfokq msKsi" rch yd mej;s .siqu ixfYdaOkh lsug wdOdr

,ndfokakka lghq;= l

04. tka'wd'' - ieish 7" uQ,Ou

md,k uQ,Ou

01. rcfha n,me iy.; nj

02. m%;sm;a;Skays m%;sM, iy.; nj'

03. wdh;k iy ls%hdj,Skays n,mEu iy ldhlaIu;djh'

04. m%;spdr

05. .e,mq iy.; nj

06. mdroDYH Ndjh$ jD; Ndjh'

07. tald;al ^iduqysl& wdrNjh'

08. rdcH Ylakq;djh'

09. IK w;sl%uKh$ IKh md,kh

10. f;dr;=re iy hqla;sh fj; m%fYh'

11. iyfhda.s;djh

12. udkj whs;sjdisl i|yd .re;ajh

13. j.lS iy.;Ndjh'

14. iudkd;au;djh

15. iudkd;au;djh iy wka;.;h

16. Wml%uYS,S oelau

17. fmd NdKav i|yd we;s j.lSu'

18. iyNd.S;ajh'

19. iudc m%d.aOkh fldgia tl;=j

20. foaYmd,k ia:djr Ndjh iy m%pKav;ajh rys; nj'

21. ffk;slj u;a lrk ,o .=K;ajh'

22. wkd.; oelau$kS;sfha md,kh

23. ffk;sl iy wlrKuh rduqj i|yd yelshdj we;s lsu iy

m%jOkh'

Presentation 8

Principles of Governance

IUCN

i

UNDP

ii

UNESCAP

iii

Commission of the European Communities

iv

African Development Bank

v

Asian Development Bank

vi

USAID

vii

World Bankviii

UK Department for International Development (DFID)

ix

Accountability

x

Transparency (Openness - EU Commission)

xi

Participation

Rule of Law

Government effectiveness (World Bank); Policy effectiveness (EU Commission); Effectiveness and efficiency of institutions and processes (UNDP and UNESCAP)

Responsive

xii

Coherence

Consensus oriented

Capacity of the State

xiii

Combating corruption (AfDB); Control of corruption (World

Principles of Governance

IUCN

i

UNDP

ii

UNESCAP

iii

Commission of the European Communities

iv

African Development Bank

v

Asian Development Bank

vi

USAID

vii

World Bankviii

UK Department for International Development (DFID)

ix

Bank)

Access to information and justice

Subsidiarity

Respect for human rights

Equity (UNDP) Equitable and inclusive (UNESCAP)

Strategic vision

Commitment to the public good

Stock of social capital

Political stability and absence of violence

Regulatory quality

Promoting and enabling legal and judicial framework

md,k uQ, Ou

fuh mqyqKqjkakka i|yd miq f;dr;=reh'

fuu mqyqKqj md,kfha uQ,sl uQ,Ou y;rla Nd;d lrhs'

fuu uQ,sl;u uQ,Ou y;r wm fidhd.kafka fldfykao@ tajd" m%uqL wka;

cd;sl iy cd;sl wdh;k kjhla iska md,kh w: oela iy ia;r

Yaf,aIKh lsfuka wk;=rej ykd .kakd ,' fuu wdh;k kjh Nd;d

lsu i|yd jQ kq oKav jQfha"

wka;cd;sl ^l,dmho we;=Kkh lr ,o wdh;k je.Kkla u`.ska ms

wdh;k 9 ka 6 lau mQj ks.ukh l< yels nj kS;sfha md,khg md,kfha

uQ,Ouhla f,i we;'

wfkl=;a m%;sm;a;Ska ix>Kkh lrk ,o wdh;k j,ska Nd.hg jvd ykdf.k

we;' fuu mqqyKqj i|yd uQ,sl uQ,Ou 4la fhdod.ks' tjdk j.lS iy.;

nj kso Ndjh iyNd.s;ajh iy kS;sfha md,kh fyda mQj ks.ukh

l

NRG ieish 8 iyNd.s;ajh

iyNd.s;ajh miq f;dr;=re md,kh keu;s ixoNh ;=< iyNd.s;ajh hkq ;SrK .ekSu i|yd l%shdld f,i fyda kS;Hdkql=, ksfhda;hka u.ska inkaO u iy tajd l%shd;aul lsuhs' iyNd.s;ajh hkq iajNdl im;a inkaOj ;SrK .ekSu lrkq ,nkafka j.lsjhq;= lKvdh folls' tk rch iy is,a ck iudcfha fYaIfhka .%dh im;a u; hefmk ck fldgiaj, wjYH;djh wkqj iajNdl im;a fnodyeu inkaOfhka Wkka jk fm!oa.,sl wxYhhs' ish,qu j.lsj hq;= fldgia iska ;SrK .eKSf l%shdj,shg iyNd.su b;du m%ixYkSh f fuh rcfha fyd fm!oa.,sl wxYhg;a jvd fuh f,dj fndfyda m%foaYj, isk foaYsh im;a Nd;d lrkakkag ,ndfok m%uqL;djhls' idudkHfhka jHjia:dms; kS;sh ;=< pd;%dkql+, mqre iy w.hka wka;.d w.kdl foaYsh im;a Nd; lrkakka ;SrK .ekSf iy l%shd;aul lsfoS ta i|yd je leue;a;la olajkq ,nhs' iudc l%shdj,Ska ;=

.%dh ck;djf.ka Yajdijka; iudlhka iu.ska .kqfokq lsfoS ixOdkd;aul yelshdf uolu'

foaYsh uuf ;SrK .ekSu iy l%shd;aul lsu i|yd iyNd.s ug we;s yelshdf uolu' hou iy jdis fnhdf hdka;%Khla ksid t u.ska iajNdl im;aj, jdis imhka th foaYsh iyNd.s;ajh i|yd oS imhhs' ksoNdjfha uonj M,odhs;d f;dr;=re ikaksfokh yd f;dr;=re .,d hdfoS we;s ck fldGdYhla u.ska ;SrK .ekSf iy l%shd;aul lsf l%shdj,shg iyNd.su meye,sj ksrEmKh lrhs' iyNd.s;ajh iy kS;sh l%shd;aul lsu fndfyda rgj, iajNdl im;a inkaOfhka kS;sh l%shd;aul u j,h' tk jHjia:dms; kS;sh u.ska wod, iajNdl im;a wdikakfha isk msig fyda iyNd.s ug bv fkdfok fyhska pd;%dkql=, l%shdld;ajfha ishu w;ska inkaO u fhd.H fkdf' foaYsh ck;dj iska ta inkaOfhka M,odhs f,i isl< fkdyel' tfiau foaYsh ck;djg ish im;a inkaO kS;Ska W,a,x>Kh jk ;eka fiu inkaOfhka Yd, ldh Ndhhla bgl< yelsh' W,a,x>Khka ksis fj,djg wdjrKh fkdl< fyd;a idlaIs kdYjk w;r ta inkaOfhka jrolrejkao wvqjkq we;' tg ;jqrg;a kS;sfrda l%shdjkag oSula isf' wka;cd;sl kS;sh fj; we;s iyNd.s;ajh wka;cd;sl m%ldYhka yd .siqj,g wkqj iyNd.s;aj uq,Ouh hkak jemqr Nd;jk md,k uq,Ouhls' iajdk rgj, foaYsh yd f.da;%sl ckhd inkaOfhka we;s m%{ma;Ska ^wxl 165 ork tlai;a cd;Skaf.a wka;cd;sl llre ix. .siq& fndfyda g iyNd.s;aj m%;sm;a;sh u; hefmk w;r tu m%;sm;a;sh wjYH jkafka foaYsh iy f.da;%sl ck;dj wdrlaId lsug Tjqka isk ia:dk j,ska fjk;a m%foaYj, mosx lrug fmr Tjqkaf.a ksoyia iy mQj tl.;ajhka oek .ekSuhs' ^16 jk j.ka;sh& fhda m%ldYkh 1992 tlai;a cd;skaf.a mirh iy ixjOkh inkaO iuka;%Kh ysl; iuq,qj f ish,a, ;=< iyNd.s;aj m%;sm;a;sh iy ksoNdjh ms

j.ka;sh u.ska foaYSh iy wdoSjdis ck;dj iska Tjqkaf.a im%Odhsl oekqu fidhd .ekS mqre mqyqKq rgdjka ffcj O;ajh iq.lSu flfrys wod, lr.kafka flfiao hkak oelaf' This information is adapted from: Moore, Patricia, Thomas Greiber, and Saima Baig. 2010. Assessing Forest Law Enforcement and Governance: Lessons from the Field. IUCN. References

The full text of the Convention Concerning Indigenous and Tribal Peoples in Independent Countries is available on-line:

http://www.ilo.org/ilolex/cgi-lex/convde.pl?C169 Accessed 5 September 2010

The full text of the Rio Declaration is available on-line: http://www.unep.org/Documents.Multilingual/Default.Print.asp?documentid=78&articleid=1163 Accessed 25 May 2010.

The full text of the Convention on Access to Information, Public

Participation in Decision-making and Access to Justice in Environmental Matters is available on-line:

http://www.unece.org/env/pp/treatytext.htm Accessed 25 May 2010.

The full text of the Convention on Biological Diversity is available on-line:

http://www.cbd.int/convention/convention.shtml Accessed 25 May 2010.

The full text of the Convention to Combat Desertification is available on-

line

http://www.ilo.org/ilolex/cgi-lex/convde.pl?C169http://www.unep.org/Documents.Multilingual/Default.Print.asp?documentid=78&articleid=1163http://www.unep.org/Documents.Multilingual/Default.Print.asp?documentid=78&articleid=1163http://www.unece.org/env/pp/treatytext.htmhttp://www.cbd.int/convention/convention.shtml

Presentation 9

8 ieish - isoa wOHhkh iyNd.s;ajh ffcj iqrlaIs; m%;sm;a;sh ldfckd m%{ma;shg w;aika ;enq rgla f,i Y%S ,xldjo Tjqkaf.a cd;sl ffcj oHd;aul rduqj cdkuh jYfhka klrKh l< ka fjkia lrkafka flfiao hkak ;SrKh lsug m%{ma;sh fjkiafldg we; flgqm;a m%;sm;a;sh m

NRG ieish 9 ksoNdjh

ksoNdjh

miq f;dr;=re

kso ndjh hkq f;dr;=re yqjudre lr.ekSu yd jD; wdldrfhka yeisuhs' f

i|yd f;dr;=re ksoyiaj .,dhdu wjYH f' ish,qu j.lS orkakka w;r

ikakSfokh jD; ud.j,ska isu yd ;SrK .ekSf meye,s l%shdmmdhla

wkq.ukh lsu wkq.ukh lsu kso moaO;shla ;=< olakg ,efnk w;r tu.ska

mq,q,a mrdYhla ;=< f;dr;=re ,nd .ekSf yelshdjo we;sf' j.lS orkakkag

;SrKd;aul f,i wmfhdack wkdjrkh lsf yd ;u u;h wjYH;djh wdrlaIdlsu

inkaOj f;dr;=re tla/ia lsug kso ndjh ksid yelshdjla ,ef' kso

l%shdj,Ska ksid ;ska ;SrK .ekSf l%shdj,sh yd tajd l%shd;aul lsug j.lS

orkakkag iyNd.s h yelafla flfiao hkak msKh lSrSug W;aiy

.kakd wjia:djloS tu ckhd ;u whs;Ska u;a yd jHjia:dms; l%shdj,s yryd

m%;slu fidhd .ekSu ms

wjYH;d ie,ls,a,g fkdf.k ;SrK ksudKh lsu yd l%shd;aul lsu islrkq

,nhs'

iuyr rgj,a wdKavql%u jHjia:dj u.skau f;dr;=re i|yd m%fYf ud.h iy;sl

lr we;' we;e rgj,aj, jHjia:dms; kS;s u.skau f;dr;=re fnod .ekSu yd kso

ndjhg n,h mjrd we;' we;e rgj,a f;dr;=re oek .ekSf kS;sh inkaO kS;s

iu;lrf.k we;s w;r tu.ska mqrjeishkag rdcH ks,Odka i;= f;dr;=rej,g

m%fY f whs;sh ,nd oS we;s w;r we;e rgj,a f ms

It also appears in Moore, Patti, Xuemei Zhang, and Ronnakorn Tririganon. 2010. Natural Resource Governance Trainers Manual. IUCN, RECOFTC, SNV, Bangkok.

Presentation 10

9 jk ieish - isoa wOHhkh kso Ndjh mdil ;lafiare jd:dj mdil ;lafiare jd:dj ^ EIA& fhda; ixjOkh jHdmD;shloS we;s hyels mdirsl n,mE inkaOfhka wjfndaOhla we;slr.ekSu i|yd m%;sm;a;s ilia lrkakka yg Wmld f' m%:u j;djg fuu kS;sh fjr< ixrlaIK mk; ;=< wka;.; h' miqj cd;sl mdil mk; ;=

isoa wOHhkfha .eg

1 kS;shg wkqj uyck woyia EIA tl inkaOj ,ndoSug olajk ld,h w: ksrEmKh lrhso@ th kS;sfha yrh iu. flfia wkq.; f o@

2 wf.s ud. jHdmD;sh wkqu; lsfoS ksoNdjh fyda tys wvqmdvqj

fldf;la rg n,mdhso@

3 iaj im;a fyda iajNdl im;a Nd;d lrkakkag h;, myiql ixjOkh lSf jHdmD;s inkaOfhka ;SrK .ekSf oS ksoNdjh inkaOfhka wkd.;fhaoS jHjia:dms; wldka iska l=uk l%shd mmdhla fyda mmdka wkq.ukh lrhso @ ;sfnk l%shdmmdka fjkilg ,lah hq;=o@ tfiak th flfia fldfydu h hq;=o@

NRG ieish 10 j.lS iy.; nj

10 jk ieish isoa wOHhkh j.lS iy;sl nj j.=re k.r iSudj ;=< msyss j.=re j,ska ie

Presentation 11

11 jk ieish kS;sfha n,h^md,kh& miq f;dr;=re kS;sfha n,h ^md,kh& hkq kS;sfha iu /ljrKhls' tk wdrlaIdj fukau o`vqjo ,euhs' md,kh ms

tu jr iSud udhs okakd w;r tajdg .relrhs' kuq;a jHjia:dms; kS;sh iSud udhs fkd;lhs' kuq;a jr m%cdj tu jHjia:dms; kS;Ska i,lkafka ke;' tk tu.ska m%cdjlg n,y;aldrfhka jHjia;dms; kS;s meku wjYH ke;' f w;r Okj;a jHdmdlfhla je jdis ;ld tu m%foaYj, jr lghq;=j,g uqo,a fhojq g fmr lS pd;%dkql+, kS;shg wkq.; jrhka yqremqre tu jr c,h w;ayeu Tyq wfmalAId lrhs' thska Tjqkaf.a ldjg n,mE t,a, f' fysoS jHjia:dms; wldho jr m%cdj jHjia:dms; kS;shg wkq..; fjka jrhskaf.a pd;%dkql+, jr m%foaY yerhdu wfmalAId lrhs' wjidkfha .egqj,g fya;=jk w;r .ehka Tjqkaf.a ldj wdrlaId lr .kakg W;aiy lrhs' iajhx md,kfhaoS fujka .eg ksrka;rfhkau mekk.s' fuu wjia:dj,ska fmkajkafka jHjia:dms; kS;sh u.ska pd;%dkql+, kS;sh .Kkg fkd.ekSf wjia:djkah' tys ;j rg;a jHjia:dms; kS;sh iy pd;%dkql+, kS;sh w;r .egqu yryd kS;fha md,khg we;s wNsfhda. fmkakq lrhs' fuu f;dr;=re ,nd.;a uQ,dY% ( Moore, Patricia, Thomas Greiber, and Saima Baig. 2010. Forest Law Governance and Law Enforcement: Findings from the Field. IUCN. A version of this information also appears in Moore, Patti, Xuemei Zhang, and Ronnakorn Tririganon. 2010. Natural Resource Governance Trainers Manual. IUCN, RECOFTC, SNV, Bangkok.

Presentation 12

ieish11 isoa wOHhkh mQjdkqudk / kS;sfha n,h mir wdrlaIK n,m;% ksl=;a lsu

mir wdrlaIK n,m;% u.ska islrkafka h ludka;hla wdrN lsug wjir

,nd oSuhs' tysoS ksYa; fldkafoais ud,djla wod, wdh;kh iska iemsh hq;=hs' fuh

Y%S ,xldjg ykajd fokq ,enqf ^ 1980 wxl 47 jk mdil mk; yrydh& fuys

kj;u kS;sh ykajd fokq ,enqf ckjd yd fmnrjd 2008 oSh' tysoS n,m;% ,nd

.ekSug wjYH kshulrk ,o l%shdldrl ,ehsia;=jla bm;alr we;' by;

,ehsia;=j i|yd mir wdrlaIK n,m;%hla ,nd .ekSu w;HjYH f'

cd;sl mir wdrlaIK n,m;% iemhSu i|yd uOHu mir wldh ksfhda;hd f,i

k lr we;' m

mir ys;ld i mo lsf ludka;h i|yd wh m; bm;a lsfuka udi

6lg miq cd;sl mir mk; hgf;a mir wdrlaIK n,m;%h ksl=;a l< fkdyels nj

okajd is w;r ta i|yd fya;= bosm;a lsulao islr fkdue;'

fuu isoa wOHhkh inkaOj we;a m%Yak $ .eg,q

01. fuu isoah ;+< m%Yak.; jq mqjdkqudkhka yd ks;sfha n,h ms

NRG ieish 12 md,kh iy l

Presentation 13

mq;a;,u yd fmhl

1. mj;sk kS;s hgf;a jk i;=ka u.ska m%foaYfha we;s j.d j,g isjk ydksh md,kh l< fkdyels u'

2. wod, ksfhda; wdh;k j, WmfoaYkfha yd jkdl ;SrKh lsf W!k;djh '

3. Uq,afok m%foaYfha fhda; Wla .ia j.dj yd rn j.dj ^wlalr 250& jeks uyd mudK ixjOk jHdmD;s j,oS N+h f;dard.ekSu i|yd l%shd;aul lrk l%shdmmdh kso Ndjfhka wvqu '

4. fkdhs,a jkdka;r l, iSud ;SrKh lsu yd ta inkaO .egq we;su

5. rcfha md,k wjhj u.ska widOdrK f,i kS;sh l%shd;aul lsu

6. ksjer wdldrfha iyNd.s;ajhlska f;drj ie,iq lsu

7. mir IKh md,kh fYaIfhkau jkaokd iufhaoS le

09& jr yd fjk;a .eg,q i|yd jev igyka yd jHdmD;s ie,iq lsfoS yd l%shd;aul lsf ksjer wdldrfhka iyNd.s;ajhla fkd;su fYaIfhkau ldka;d iyNd.s;ajhla fkd;su' l

9. mir IKh md,kh fYaIfhkau jkaokd iufhaoS le

NRG ieish 13 md,kfha rduqj y`kajdoSu

Presentation 14

NRG ieish 14 .eg,q

Presentation 15

xiii

United Nations Development Programme. 1997. Governance for sustainable human development. A UNDP policy

document. Available on-line: http://mirror.undp.org/magnet/policy/summary.htm Accessed 13 September 2009.

UNDP has since expanded this definition. See, for example, United Nations Development Programme. 2007. Governance Indicators: A Users Guide. p.1. Available on-line:

http://www.undp.org/oslocentre/docs07/undp_users_guide_online_version.pdf Accessed 9 November 2009. xiii

United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific. What is Good Governance? Available on-

line: http://www.unescap.org/pdd/prs/ProjectActivities/Ongoing/gg/governance.asp Accessed 22 October 2009. xiii

OECD definition of governance. On-line: http://stats.oecd.org/glossary/detail.asp?ID=7236 xiii

Council of the European Union. Governance in the Context of Development Cooperation. 14773/03 DEVGEN 144. 13

November 2003. Available on-line: http://register.consilium.europa.eu/pdf/en/03/st14/st14773.en03.pdf Accessed 24

October 2009. xiii

Commission of the European Communities. 2001. European Governance A White Paper. COM(2001) 428 final. Brussels, 25.7.2001. Available on-line: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/site/en/com/2001/com2001_0428en01.pdf

Accessed 6 November 2009. xiii

World Bank. Governance Matters. On-line: http://info.worldbank.org/governance/wgi/index.asp Accessed 23 October

2009. xiii

African Development Bank. What is Governance? On-line: http://www.afdb.org/en/topics-sectors/sectors/economic-

financial-governance/frequently-asked-questions/ Accessed 24 October 2009. xiii

Asian Development Bank. 1999. Governance: Sound Development Management. p.3. Available on-line:

http://www.adb.org/documents/policies/governance/govpolicy.pdf Accessed 24 October 2009. xiii

Canadian International Development Agency. Governance. On-line: http://www.acdi-cida.gc.ca/acdi-cida/ACDI-

CIDA.nsf/eng/JUD-111883426-HX4 Accessed 23 October 2009. xiii

Department for International Development. 2007. Governance, Development and Democratic Politics DFIDs work in building more effective states. p.6. United Kingdom. Available on-line:

http://www.dfid.gov.uk/Documents/publications/governance.pdf Accessed 24 October 2009. xiii

Plumptre, Tim. What is Governance? Institute on Governance. On-line:

http://www.iog.ca/page.asp?pageID=3&htmlarea=home Accessed 23 October 2009 xiii

International Institute for Environment and Development. Governance. It includes regionalisation, decentralisation and

the informal interactions between government and other actors (including non-governmental) and the key roles they play in delivering effective, accountable solutions to shared problems. On-line: http://www.iied.org/governance/about/about-governance-group Accessed 23 October 2009. xiii

de Ferranti, David et al. 2009. How to improve governance : a new framework for analysis and action. p.8. The

Brookings Institution, Washington, D.C.. xiii

IUCN. Strategies. IUCN refers to these as principles of governance. On-line:

http://www.iucn.org/about/work/global_programme/strategies/ Accessed 22 October 2009. xiii

United Nations Development Programme. 1997. Governance for sustainable human development. A UNDP policy

document. Available on-line: http://mirror.undp.org/magnet/policy/summary.htm Accessed 13 September 2009. xiii

United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific. What is Good Governance? Available on-

line: http://www.unescap.org/pdd/prs/ProjectActivities/Ongoing/gg/governance.asp Accessed 22 October 2009. xiii

Commission of the European Communities. 2001. European Governance A White Paper. COM(2001) 428 final. Brussels, 25.7.2001. p.8. Available on-line: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/site/en/com/2001/com2001_0428en01.pdf Accessed 6 November 2009. xiii

African Development Bank. 2008. Governance Strategic Directions and Action Plan GAP 2008-2012. p. 15, footnote 1.

Available on-line: http://www.afdb.org/fileadmin/uploads/afdb/Documents/Publications/7000017_EN_OSGE%20anglais%20OK.pdf

Accessed 24 October 2009. xiii

Asian Development Bank. 1999. Governance: Sound Development Management. p.viii. Available on-line:

http://www.adb.org/documents/policies/governance/govpolicy.pdf Accessed 24 October 2009. xiii

United States Agency for International Development. Promoting democratic governance.

http://www.usaid.gov/fani/overview/overview_governance.htm Accessed 13 September 2009. xiii

World Bank. Governance Matters 2009. http://info.worldbank.org/governance/wgi/index.asp Accessed 13 September

2009. xiii

United Kingdom Department for International Development. 2006. Eliminating world poverty making governance work for the poor.

http://www.dfid.gov.uk/Documents/publications/whitepaper2006/whitepaper-printer-friendly.pdf Accessed 22 October 2009. xiii

The World Bank refers to these as dimensions of governance and combines voice and accountability into one

dimension. xiii

The World Bank specifies that public availability of knowledge and information is a prerequisite for governance improvement and anti-corruption.

http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/WBI/EXTWBIGOVANTCOR/0,,contentMDK:20678938~pagePK:64168445~piPK:64168309~theSitePK:1740530,00.html Accessed 13 September 2009. xiii

One definition of accountability says that accountability is responsiveness: Accountability, in general, describes the

responsiveness on the part of government to citizens demands concerning the type of public services the public sector should provide. This may include the governments response to citizen efforts to bring about a change in the governments behavior by persuasion, demand, or compulsion. de Ferranti, David et al. 2009. How to improve governance: a new

framework for analysis and action. The Brookings Institution, Washington, D.C. p.7.

http://mirror.undp.org/magnet/policy/summary.htmhttp://www.undp.org/oslocentre/docs07/undp_users_guide_online_version.pdfhttp://www.unescap.org/pdd/prs/ProjectActivities/Ongoing/gg/governance.asphttp://register.consilium.europa.eu/pdf/en/03/st14/st14773.en03.pdfhttp://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/site/en/com/2001/com2001_0428en01.pdfhttp://info.worldbank.org/governance/wgi/index.asphttp://www.afdb.org/en/topics-sectors/sectors/economic-financial-governance/frequently-asked-questions/http://www.afdb.org/en/topics-sectors/sectors/economic-financial-governance/frequently-asked-questions/http://www.adb.org/documents/policies/governance/govpolicy.pdfhttp://www.acdi-cida.gc.ca/acdi-cida/ACDI-CIDA.nsf/eng/JUD-111883426-HX4http://www.acdi-cida.gc.ca/acdi-cida/ACDI-CIDA.nsf/eng/JUD-111883426-HX4http://www.dfid.gov.uk/Documents/publications/governance.pdfhttp://www.iog.ca/page.asp?pageID=3&htmlarea=homehttp://www.iied.org/governance/about/about-governance-grouphttp://www.iied.org/governance/about/about-governance-grouphttp://www.iucn.org/about/work/global_programme/strategies/http://mirror.undp.org/magnet/policy/summary.htmhttp://www.unescap.org/pdd/prs/ProjectActivities/Ongoing/gg/governance.asphttp://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/site/en/com/2001/com2001_0428en01.pdfhttp://www.afdb.org/fileadmin/uploads/afdb/Documents/Publications/7000017_EN_OSGE%20anglais%20OK.pdfhttp://www.adb.org/documents/policies/governance/govpolicy.pdfhttp://www.usaid.gov/fani/overview/overview_governance.htmhttp://info.worldbank.org/governance/wgi/index.asphttp://www.dfid.gov.uk/Documents/publications/whitepaper2006/whitepaper-printer-friendly.pdfhttp://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/WBI/EXTWBIGOVANTCOR/0,,contentMDK:20678938~pagePK:64168445~piPK:64168309~theSitePK:1740530,00.htmlhttp://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/WBI/EXTWBIGOVANTCOR/0,,contentMDK:20678938~pagePK:64168445~piPK:64168309~theSitePK:1740530,00.html

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DFID uses the term State capability.