Imperialism

WH CH 11

imperialism

• – a policy in which a strong nation seeks to dominate other countries politically, economically, or socially.

Social Darwinism

• - the application of Charles Darwin’s ideas about evolution and “survival of the fittest” to human societies – particularly as justification for imperialist expansion.

Berlin conference 1884-85

• – a meeting at which representatives of European nations agreed upon rules for the European colonization of Africa.

Shaka

• - leader of the Zulu Nation in the early 19th century who created a large state with the use of warriors and military organization.

Boer

• – a Dutch colonist in South Africa. The Dutch word for farmer.

Great Trek• – a migration of Dutch colonists out of

British-controlled territory in south Africa during the 1830’s.

Boer war

• – a conflict lasting from 1899 to 1902, in which the Boers and the British fought for control of territory in south Africa

paternalism

• – a policy of treating subject (under control) people as if they were children, providing for their needs but not giving them rights.

assimilation

• - the social process of absorbing one cultural group into another

Menelik II

• - Ethiopian emperor (1889-1913) who established independence from Italy.

geopolitics

• – a foreign policy based on a consideration of the strategic locations or products of other lands.

Crimean war• – a conflict, lasting from 1853-1856, in

which the Ottoman Empire, with the aid of Britain and France, halted Russian expansion in the region of the Black Sea.

Suez Canal

• - a manmade waterway connecting the Red Sea and the Mediterranean Sea, which was opened in 1869.

sepoy• – an Indian soldier serving under British

command.

“jewel in the Crown”• – the British colony of India – so called

because of its importance in the British Empire, both as a supplier of raw materials and as a market for British trade goods.

• .

Sepoy Mutiny• – an 1857 rebellion of Hindu and Muslim

soldiers against the British in India.

Raj• – the British- controlled portions of India in

the years 1757-1947.

Pacific Rim• – the lands surrounding the Pacific Ocean

– especially those in Asia.

King Monghkut• – King of Siam (Thailand) who modernized

his land and prevented European countries from taking over

Emilio Aguinaldo-

• Philippine leader of a rebellion against Spanish rule (1896-1898) and an uprising against American authority

annexation

• - – the adding of a region to the territory of an existing political unit.

racism• – the belief than one race is superior to

others.

Queen Liliuokalani• - Ruler of Hawaii at time of American

planters takeover