Inflammageing A4.pdf

8/14/2019 Inflammageing A4.pdf

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InflammAgeing

Inflammationisanunderlyingcontributorto

virtuallyeverychronicdisease

rheumatoidarthritis,Crohnsdisease,diabetes

anddepression,alongwithmajorkillers

suchasheartdiseaseandstroke.

ScientificAmerican(2009)

2013Paul

Clayton

andColin

Rose

Firstpublished2013

byAcceleratedLearningSystemsLtd

Aylesbury,Bucks,UK

Allrightsreserved

ISBN0905553764


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Why we wrote Inflamm ageingThe pharmaceutical magic bulletmodel dominates healthcare. When the symptoms of a

non-communicable degenerative disease emerge, doctors generally reach for a drug ordrugs.

But this strategy is fundamentally too little, too late. Most drugs treat the symptoms rather

than the root causes of disease and by the time symptoms emerge, the disease has already

progressed a long way. The major age related diseases cancer, arthritis, heart disease,

diabetes and Alzheimers develop silently for years before they finally emerge and start to

cause pain or disability.

However, science has developed to a stage where earlier and curative intervention is

possible without drugs. We now know that most of these diseases are driven by chronicinflammation. We know too that chronic inflammation is due largely to nutritional andlifestyle choices that can be changed quite easily.

This report will not take you long to read, because the message is simple: if you take action

against the silent killer called chronic inflammation, you take a major step towards living

longer and living more healthily. The actions you can take are simple too. Positive changes

will begin to take effect, and can be measured, within weeks.

Your first step is to read this report.

Dr Paul Clayton graduated summa cum laude in MedicalPharmacology from Edinburgh University, prior to obtaining his

PhD.

He is a former Senior Scientific Advisor to the UK government's

Committee on the Safety of Medicines and a past President of the

Forum on Food and Health at the Royal Society of Medicine.

Dr Clayton frequently presents at and chairs international

conferences on nutrition and health. He is a Fellow of the Institute

of Food, Brain & Behaviour, Oxford, and a visiting professor of

Pharmaco-Nutrition at Pecs University, Hungary.

Colin Rose Sc is a writer and publisher. His company,Accelerated Learning Systems, published Dr Claytons first book

Health Defence,which became a best-seller.

He is also an educational consultant and principal contributor to

the EU funded programme EduScience, designed to improve theteaching of science in schools.

A founder member of the UK Campaign for Learning, he is also a

member of the Royal Society of Medicine and a Fellow of The Royal

Society of Arts.


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CHAPTER1

CHRONICINFLAMMATIONISTHEMAINCAUSEOF

DEGENERATIVEDISEASE

Inflammatoryfactorspredictvirtuallyall

badoutcomesinhumanshavingheartattacks

havingheartfailure,becomingdiabetic

becomingfragileinoldage

cognitivefunctiondecline,

evencancertoacertainextent.

RussellTracy,ProfessorofPathologyandBiochemistry,

UniversityofVermont,CollegeofMedicine

Dontconfuseageingwiththepassingoftime.Wecantchangethespeedatwhichthe

worldturns,buttherateatwhichweage,knownasbiologicalageing,iswellwithinour

control.Takingcontrolofyourbiologicalagemeansyouwillnotonlylookandfeel

youngerbutyouwillalsocutyourriskofdevelopingdegenerativediseases,andincrease

yourprospectsofahealthymiddleandoldage.

Ageingusedtobeseenasthesteadyaccumulationofdamagetothebodyscellsand

tissues.Thiswasanuncriticalwearandtearmodelthatwenthandinhandwiththe

conceptofagerelateddiseases;anditledtoaterriblemedicalfatalism.Afterall,ifyour

symptomsareduetowearandtear,medicscantexpecttodomorethantrytomanage

yoursymptoms.

Currentresearch,however,revealsthatalmostalltheagerelateddiseasesfrom

decliningmentalpowerstocoronaryarterydisease,cancer,hypertension,arthritis,

diabetesandstrokehavelittletodowithageingperse.Instead,theyarelargelydriven

bychronic,subclinicalinflammation,aconditionthatisnotinevitableatall.Infact,itis

surprisinglyeasytoprevent.

Chronicandsubclinicalmeanscontinuousandunnoticeduntilthechronicinflammation

hascausedsomuchtissuedamagethatsymptomsofdiseasefinallyemerge.Thereisa

growingconsensusthatchronicinflammationshouldbeminimisedoravoidedaltogether.

Yet,thankstothewaywelivetoday,itisoccursinalmosteveryadultovertheageof

about30andinincreasingnumbersofteenagersandthoseintheirtwenties.


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Somepeopleareatevenhigherrisk.Areyou:

Over50? Overweight? Afrequentdieter? Asmokerorcitydwellerinevitablyexposedtopollutedair? Aheavyconsumerofbakedgoods,confectionery,deep friedorfastfoodproducts? Orhaveyoubeendiagnosedwithanylongtermillnessendinginitis(whichmeans

inflammation)?

Ifyouansweredyestoanyoftheabove,thenyoualmostcertainlyhavealevelofchronic

inflammationinyourbodythatshouldbereducednowtoprotectyourlongtermhealth.

Acuteinflammation

is

usually

apositive

and

healing

reaction

Notallinflammationisbad.Acuteinflammationisusuallypositive:thinkofhowtheskin

reddensandwarmsfollowingacutoraninsectbite.Acuteinflammationisashortterm,

protectiveimmuneresponsethatisswitchedontocounteractharmfulexternalthreats.

Itsgenerallyaproductiveresponseandthesymptomsareshortlived.Oncetheacute

inflammatoryresponsehasneutralizedthethreat,powerfulantiinflammatory

compoundsarereleasedtoallowhealingprocessestotakeover.

Butsometimestheacuteinflammatoryresponseisinsufficienttoclearthethreat.Ifthe

threatthat

initially

triggered

the

inflammation

remains,

or

is

constantly

drip

fed

into

the

bodyasoccurswithpoorfoodchoice,exposuretoenvironmentalparticulatesoratobacco

habit,thiscanresultincontinuous,lowlevelinflammation:a.k.a.chronicinflammation.

Chronicinflammationdestroystissue

Chronicsubclinicalinflammationisasilentthreatthatsimmersundetectedinthebody,

progressivelydamagingtissuesinthebodywhereveritoccurs:intheheart,brain,joints,

bowel,colon,prostate,lungsandskininfact,inpotentiallyanyorgan.

HarveyJay

Cohen,

of

the

Center

for

the

Study

of

Aging

at

Duke

University

in

the

USA,

likensinflammationtolittlewaveslappingontheshore.Itsarelativelylowlevelof

activitythat,sustainedovertime,wearsawayatthebeachandstimulatesotherbad

events.

Thisinsidiousandgradualprocessoftissuedestructioniswhychronicinflammationisnow

seenasamaincauseofalmostalltheagerelatedillnesses.Andwhychronicinflammation

isassociatedwithfasterageing;orinflammageing,assomescientistsnowcallit.

Althoughamaincausedoesnotmeantheonlycause,ithasbecomeclearthattaking

actionto

reduce

chronic

inflammation

should

be

apriority

ifyou

want

to

cut

the

risk

of


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degenerativedisease,andmaximiseyourchancesoflongtermhealth.Fortunatelyyoucan

reduceyourlevelsofinflammationquicklyandeffectively.

Butfirstalittlemorebackground.

Chronicinflammation

is

arecent

problem

Heartdiseaseandcanceraremajorcausesofdiseaseanddeathinoursociety,butitwas

notalwaysso.ThemidVictorians,forexample,wererelativelyfreeofthesediseases

(Clayton&Rowbotham2009).TherecordsshowthattheVictorianschancesofahealthy

oldagewerebetterthanours,evenwithoutthemoderndrugs,surgeryanddiagnostics

thatwehavecometorelyon!

Thefirstfewyearsafterbirthwerehazardous,butthosewhoreachedtheirfifthbirthday

hadalifeexpectancysimilartoourown.Theydidnotdieofdegenerativediseasesinthe

main,

but

in

childbirth,

in

fires,

of

trauma

and

of

infections

spread

by

crowded,

insanitary

livingconditionsandpollutedwatersupplies.

AfewVictoriansdiddevelopheartdiseaseandcancer,butmostofthepopulationenjoyed

relativefreedomfromdegenerativedisease.Thereason?Adietrichinnaturalanti

inflammatorycompounds(ofwhichmoreinChapter4),thatprovidedextensive

protectionagainstchronicinflammation.

Chronicinflammationhasneverbeforebeenseenonthescalethatweseeitinthe

developednationstoday.Thisisbecausewenotonlyconsumefarlowerlevelsofnatural

anti

inflammatory

compounds

in

our

diets

than

did

our

ancestors,

but

also

we

are

exposed

tofarhigherlevelsofproinflammatorycompounds,thankstomodernfoodprocessing

andcookingmethods,and,forsome,theprevalenceoftobaccoandenvironmentaltoxins.

Assomanyofussufferfromchronic,subclinicalinflammation,itisnowonderthatthe

steadyaccumulationoftissuedamageeventuallysurfacesasamajordegenerativedisease

andwhythedegenerativediseasesincreaseinfrequencyaswegetolder.

Itislittletodowithageingassuch,forifweateaprofoundlyantiinflammatorydietwe

wouldnotbecomemorepronetodiseaseasweaged.


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CHAPTER2

WHATCAUSESCHRONICINFLAMMATION?

Lowgradeinflammationisassociatedwith

everythingfromheartdiseaseanddiabetes

toAlzheimersandarthritis...

UniversityofCaliforniaBerkeley,SchoolofPublicHealth(2010)

Therearefivemainandthreesecondarycausesofthemodernepidemicofchronic

inflammation.

1. ToomuchOmega6,notenoughOmega3

Themainhormonesthatcontroltheinflammatoryresponsearecalledeicosanoids.The

bodyusesfattyacidsfromthefoodweeattomaketheseeicosanoids.

Omega6fattyacids,foundinpolyunsaturatedplantoilslikesafflower,sunflowerandcorn

oil,produceeicosanoidsthatpromoteinflammation.

Omega3fattyacids(fromoilyfish)havetheoppositeeffect,producingeicosanoidsthat

reduceinflammation.

Formostofhumanhistory,weateadietwitharatioofOmega6toOmega3ofbetween1

to1and2to1,whichisahealthyratio.Thebalancetodayhasbecomeprofoundly

unhealthy.WeconsumefoodsfartoohighinOmega6andfartoolowinOmega3.Infact,

ourcurrentratioisanywherebetween10to1and40to1,andinsomecasesmaybeas

highas100to1!

ThebodyisthereforeforcedtousetoomanyOmega6fattyacidstobuildcells,tissues

andhormonesandthebalanceinthebodybecomesproinflammatory.

TheprevalenceofOmega6overOmega3intodaysdietisbecauseourintakeofoilyfish,

theonlysignificantsourceoftheOmega3sweneed,hasfallen,whileourintakeofplant

oils,whichprovideOmega6s,hasrisendramatically.

Plantoilssuchassoya,palmandcornoilarewidelyusedincookingandinprocessed

foodsbecausetheyarecheapandpalatable(foodmanufacturershavenolegal

requirementtoproducehealthyfood).

Tomakemattersworse,mostanimalsraisedforhumanconsumptionarealsofedwith

foodsthatarehighinOmega6. GrassfedanimalshavehealthierlevelsofOmega3but


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todayonlysheepareconsistentlyraisedthisway.Mostcowsandpigsarecerealfedand

haveamuchhigher6to3ratioasaresult.

Youfindthesameresultsinchickensandeggs.Batteryandbarnchickensarefedgrains

highinOmega6andtheirmeatandeggshaveahighOmega6toOmega3ratioasaresult.

Freerange

chickens

consume

more

Omega

3fatty

acids

and

produce

meat

and

eggs

with

a

betterOmega6to3balance.

DopleasenotethattheOmega6fattyacidsareessentialforlife.Itsjustthatweeatfar

toomanyofthem.However,withsoundfoodchoices,andanOmega3supplement,you

cantipthebalancebacktowardsalower6to3ratiothatisantiinflammatoryand

thereforeconsiderablyhealthier.

2. Notenoughfruitsandvegetables

Fruitsand

vegetables

are

important

because

they

contain,

amongst

other

compounds,

flavonoids.Theseexertpowerfulantiinflammatoryeffectsinthebody.

Flavonoidsblockthekeyenzymesthatdriveinflammation.TheseincludeCOX1andCOX2,

thesameenzymesthataretargetedbymanyantiinflammatorydrugs.Theyalsoblocka

secondpairofproinflammatoryenzymescalledLIPOX5andLIPOX8.Perhapsevenmore

critically,theyblockathirdgroupofproinflammatoryandhighlydestructiveenzymes

calledthematrixmetalloproteases(MMPs).

Thisthreewayblockingactionexertsamorefundamentallyprotectiveeffectthanany

pharmaceuticaldrug

because

MMPs

are

directly

responsible

for

the

tissue

damage

that

turnschronicinflammationintoovertdisease.

Unfortunately,wedonoteatenoughfruitsandvegetables.TheAmericanCancerInstitute

nowrecommendsnineportionsadaybutwemanageanaverageofonly3.Without

enoughfruitsandvegetables,thecriticallyimportantenzymeblockingflavonoidsarenot

presentinourbodiesinadequateamounts.TogetherwiththeexcessOmega6to3ratio,

thiscreatestheconditionsfortheperfectinflammatorystorm.

Incontrast,whenthedietcontainsenoughflavonoidstoblocktheproinflammatory

enzymesand

enough

Omega

3to

help

create

anti

inflammatory

hormones,

then

chronic

inflammationisminimisedorstoppedandnaturalhealingprocessesinthebodycanonce

againpredominate.

3. Proinflammatorycookingmethods

Whenfoodscontainingproteinsarecookedathightemperatures,theproteinbindswith

glucoseorothersugarsinthefoodtoproducecompoundscalledAdvancedGlycationEnd

products,orAGEs.

Manyfoods

brown

at

high

temperatures

and

this

discolouration

is

asign

of

AGE

production.AGEcompoundsareveryproinflammatoryandveryageing.


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ThebestknownAGEcompoundisacrylamide,whichformswhenstarchyfoodsare

cookedathightemperatures.Acrylamidehasbeenfoundincrisps,Frenchfries,toastand

otherfoods.Worryingly,acrylamidehasbeenclassifiedascarcinogenicinhumans.

AGEscanalsobeformedwithinthebodywhenlevelsofglucosearetoohighfortoolong,

ashappens

in

diabetes.

Inanondiabeticstate,enzymesbindglucosemoleculestoproteins,formingglycoproteins

thatareessentialtonormalbodyfunctioning. Butwhenbloodsugarlevelsaretoohigh,

glucosecanbindtoproteinsinthebodythroughnonenzymaticaction.Thisdrivesthe

formationofAGEsandthusleadstoinflammationwhichexplainswhydiabeticssuffer

fromexcessiveinflammation,increasedriskofseriousdiseaseandacceleratedageing.

AGEsstimulateinflammation,butthisisnottheonlywaytheyacceleratetheageing

process.Thebindingofglucosetoproteinscausescrosslinkingbetweenproteins,linking

themtogether

in

arandom

and

dysfunctional

manner.

This

shows

up

externally

as

skin

ageing,wrinklingandreducedelasticity.Internally,itdrivesdiseasessuchascataracts,

hypertension,bloodclottingandkidneydamage.

DrLevioftheAmericanJournalofKidneyDiseasessays:AGEreactionsgradually

accumulateoverthelifetimeoftheprotein.ThegoalmustbetopreventAGEsformingin

thefirstplace.

ItisnotjustAGEswehavetoguardagainst.Whenfatsandoilsareheatedtohigh

temperatures,ALEs(AdvancedLipoxidationEndproducts)arecreated.Thesemightsound

friendlierbuttheyarejustasharmfulandarehighlyproinflammatory.

FoodscontaininghighlevelsofbothAGEsandALEsinclude:

hightemperaturefriedandgrilledmeatandpoultry deepfriedandshallowfriedfish coffeeandcolas soysaucesandbalsamicproducts smokedandcuredfoods

Inshort,fastfoodstaplesandeventheheatdriedmilkusedininfantformula.

Higherlevelsoftheseproinflammatorycompoundsinthebloodarelinkedtohigherrates

ofmanydegenerativediseases,includingalargenumberofcancers.ButletusnotallbecomePuritans.Theaimisbalance.

Humans(andotheromnivores)likehighfat,highsugarfoods,andlifewithoutthe

occasionaldessert,cake,chiporsnackwouldbe,well,ratherlessenjoyable.Ifyou

consciouslybalance

those

foods

with

anti

inflammatory

foods

and

nutrients,

you

can

indulgeoccasionallywithoutharm.


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4. Gettingolder

Levelsofthesexhormonesoestrogen,progesteroneandtestosteronefallasweage,and

lowerhormonelevelsareimplicatedinagerelatedinflammation.Symptomsofchronic

inflammationoftenbecomemoreapparentduringandaftermenopauseinwomenandin

menas

testosterone

levels

reduce.

Chronicinflammationhasbeencitedasonecauseofsarcopenia,themusclelossthat

occurswithageing.Forbothsexes,therefore,thetendencytoincreasedinflammation

typicallyacceleratesafterabout4550.

Tomakemattersworse,thereisevidencethatourimmunesystemsmaybecomeless

efficientatcontrollinginflammationaswegetolder.

Youcantstoptheyearsrollingbybutthereisoverwhelmingevidencethatyoucanslow

ageingby

reducing

or

preventing

the

damage

caused

by

chronic

inflammation.

And

althoughinourviewitmakessensetostartdoingsomethingaboutitfromearly

adulthood,youcanseewhythetimetotakeseriouspreventativeactionisaroundage45

50.

5. Beingoverweightorobese

Overweightandobesityaremajorcausesofchronicinflammationtoday.Thisisbecause

excessadipose(fat)tissuesecretesproinflammatorycompounds.Itusedtobethought

thatappleshapedobesity(fataroundthebelly)wasmoredangerousthanthepear

shapedkind

(fat

around

the

hips)

but

that

is

now

discredited.

Fat

around

the

hips,

thighs

andbottomalsosecretesproteinsthatleadtoinflammationandinsulinresistance.

Inasocietywherealmost30%ofpeopleareobeseand62%areofficiallyoverweight,the

proinflammatoryroleoffathasbecomeanimportantcauseofillhealthandaccelerated

ageing. Ourexpandingwaistlinesarelinkedtohighintakesofproinflammatory,

processedfoodshighinsugarsandOmega6fats,andtoourgenerallylowlevelofphysical

activity,whichitselfisproinflammatory.

Sinceexcessfatisproinflammatory,andchronicinflammationisafactorinheartdisease,

stroke,diabetes,

Alzheimers

and

arange

of

cancers,

it

is

hardly

surprising

that

being

overweightisariskfactorforallthesediseases.

ThegoodnewsisthattheantiinflammatoryfoodregimeinChapter4canalsobeaweight

lossregime.

6. Smokingandpollution

Exposuretoairpollutantscantriggeroxidativedamageandchronicinflammation.

Smokingisaleadingcauseofillness,acceleratedageinganddeath,andcitydwellers

exposedto

high

levels

of

diesel

exhaust

particulates

are

also

at

risk.

Exposure

to

certainpesticidesmayalsotriggerinflammation.


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6. Excessfreeradicals

Mostpeoplehaveheardthatfreeradicalscandamageyourhealth.Infact,itisonlyan

excessoffreeradicalsthatisdamaging.Someleveloffreeradicalactionisnormalanda

necessarypartoftheimmuneresponsetopathogenssuchasbacteriaandviruses.

However,excessfreeradicalactioncanindeedcausecellandtissuedamageand,

eventually,majorhealthproblems.

Freeradicalsareminuteparticlesformedduringthebillionsofchemicalprocessesthat

takeplaceinthehumanbody,andmakelifepossible.Wearemadeofmoleculesthatare

inturnmadeupofatoms,andbothmoleculesandatomshaveelectronssurrounding

them.

Electronsaregenerallypaired,butduringcertainreactionsoneelectronmaybecome

detached.The

remaining

atom

(or

molecule)

now

becomes

an

unstable

free

radical,

with

oneunpairedelectron.Tobecomestableagain,thefreeradicalmustgrabanelectron

fromanothermolecule,butnowthatothermoleculebecomesafreeradical!Thischain

reactionofmoleculesstrippingelectronsfromeachothercontinues,sometimesreaching

thousandsofeventslongandwreakingdestructionuntilthesequenceends.

Theprocessoffreeradicalformationisalsocalledoxidativedamage,asoxygenmolecules

areofteninvolved.Therustingofiron,fatsturningrancidoracutappleturningbrownare

familiarexamplesofoxidative/freeradicaldamage.

Excessivefree

radical/oxidative

damage

to

the

tissues

contributes

to

age

related

diseases

fromheartdiseasetocancer. Thereareanumberofwellknownfactorsthatincreasethe

levelsoffreeradicalsinourbodies,whichincludesmoking,exposuretoradiation(egultra

violet,Xraysandallthingsradioactive)andinflammation.

Whencellsaredamagedbyinflammationtheyproducetoxiccompoundsthattriggerthe

releaseofexcessfreeradicals.Theresultingoxidativestressfurtherdamagesthosecells,

andthisprocessreleasesasecondwaveofinflammatorycompounds.

Thisviciouscircledrivesbothdiseaseandtheageingprocessitselfunlesssufficientanti

inflammatoryand

anti

oxidant

defences

are

in

place.

Someyearsago,theCentreforEnvironmentalandHealthScienceinAustraliastatedthat:

Evidenceisaccumulatingthatmostofthedegenerativediseasesthatafflicthumanity

havetheiroriginindeleteriousfreeradicalreactions.Thesediseasesincludeatherosclerosis,

cancer,inflammatoryjointdisease,asthma,diabetes,seniledementiaanddegenerative

eyedisease.Theprocessofbiologicalageingmightalsohaveafreeradicalbasis.

Theirmorerecentpositionisthatageingandagerelateddiseasesaredrivenbythevicious

circleofchronicinflammationcreatingfreeradicalscreatingfurtherinflammation.

CHRONIC EXCESSFREE MORE

INFLAMMATION RADICALS INFLAMMATION


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Thisiswhythereisafastgrowingconsensusamongscientistsandcliniciansthatfora

lifestyletobecomprehensivelydiseasepreventativeandhealthprotective,itshould

includefoodsandsupplementswithhighantiinflammatoryandhighantioxidantcapacity.

Thisislesscomplicatedthanitsounds,asantiinflammatoryandantioxidantfoodsare

oftenthe

same

foods

and

were

going

to

look

at

those

in

detail

later.

8. Geneticinfluences

Wedontwanttogivetheimpressionthatallillnessandagerelateddiseasesare

exclusivelycausedbylifestyleanddietaryfactors.

Geneticinheritancecanbeacontributingfactor,andadeterminingfactorinsinglelocus

diseasessuchasHuntingtonsDiseaseorSickleCellAnaemia.Stronggeneticriskfactors

havealsobeenimplicatedinabout58%ofcasesofheartdisease,cancer,Alzheimersand

theother

major

diseases.

Butformostofus,ourdestinyisnotwritteninourgeneticcode.Ourgeneticinheritance

maymakeusmoreorlesssusceptibletolifestyleanddietaryinfluencesbutwecan

controlthose.

Forexample,researcherFedericoLicastroandothersfromtheUniversityofBolognastate

that:Alzheimer'sdisease,atherosclerosis,diabetesandevensarcopenia(lossofmuscle

mass)andcancer,justtomentionafew,haveanimportantinflammatorycomponent,

thoughdiseaseprogressionseemsalsodependentonthegeneticbackgroundof

individuals.

Inotherwords,certaingenetypesaremoresusceptibletoagerelateddisease.Butthe

sameresearchersconcludethat:controllinginflammatorystatusmayallowabetter

chanceofsuccessfulageing.

Sowhateveryourgenes,establishinganantiinflammatorylifestyleisapriorityifyouwish

toimproveyourhealthprospects.

Itstimeforacomprehensiveantiinflammatoryandantioxidantsolution!


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CHAPTER3

HOWINFLAMMATIONWORKS

INSPECIFIC

DISEASES

Theconnectionbetweeninflammationandcancer

hasnowmovedtocenterstageintheresearcharena.

MassachusettsInstituteofTechnologysWhiteheadInstitute

forBiomedicalResearch(2009)

HEART

DISEASE

Heartdiseaseissometimesdescribedasaplumbingproblemplaquebuildsupinthe

wallsofbloodvessels,clogsandblocksthem.Butbloodvesselsarenotlikepipes;theyare

composedofliving,reactivetissue,andaresensitivetodamageandinjury.

Forexample,theyarehighlysensitivetoproinflammatorycompoundssuchasAGEsand

ALEsthetoxiccompoundsformedwhendifferenttypesoffoodsarecookedathigh

temperatureswhichwetalkedaboutbefore.

Thesecompoundscanalsobeformedinthebody;diabeticsproducetheirownAGEsdue

totheir

high

blood

sugar

levels

and

smokers

produce

ALEs

internally

because

of

the

high

oxidativestressintheirbodiescausedbysmoking.

Whethereatenorformedinthebody,thesetoxiccompoundsattacktheliningsofthe

bloodvessels,causinginflammationanddamage.Immunecellsthentargetthedamaged

site,andmigrateintothevesselwallwheretheyattempttoresolvethedamage.

Ifthetoxinsarepresentinexcessiveamounts,theimmunecellsdie.Thiscausesfurther

inflammation,furtherimmunecellinfiltrationandmorecelldeath.Thecellremains

graduallybuildupasatheroma,atoxicsludgerichinoxidisedcholesterolcompoundsthat

camenot

from

circulating

cholesterol

but

primarily

from

the

dead

immune

cells.

Iftherearetoomanyproinflammatorycompoundsandnotenoughantiinflammatory

andantioxidantcompoundsinyourdiet,therateatwhichatheromaisformedoutstrips

thebodysabilitytoremoveit.

Consequently,theatheromabuildsupovertime,formingplaquesinsidethearterywalls

whichcaneventuallyrestrictbloodflow.Ifthishappensinanarterysupplyingtheheart,it

cancauseangina;ifitsuppliesthebrain,itcancauseconfusionordizziness.Iftheplaques

rupture,astheyoftendo,thiscancauseaheartattackorastroke.


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Theproblemismadeworsebythefactthatthesameinflammationthatdrivesthe

formationofatheromainthearterywallsalsocausesthemtoconstrict,sothatthereisa

gradualriseinbloodpressure.Thisforcesthehearttoworkharderanditmakesthe

arterieslesselastic,creatingacombinationofeffectsthatincreasesstressesandshock

waves

within

the

arterial

system.

Statinsarenotveryeffectivebecausetheyattackthewrongtargetcholesterollevelsin

theblood.Infact,bloodcholesterolisaveryinaccuratebiomarker,asfullyhalfofallheart

attacksoccurinpeoplewithnormalcholesterollevels.

Thereisagrowingsuspicionthattherelativelyminorprotectiveeffectsofstatins(andwe

willnottalkabouttheiradverseeffectshere)areduetothefactthatsomeofthemhavea

mildantiinflammatoryeffectaswellasacholesterolloweringaction.

Theroleofundetected,chronicinflammationinheartdiseasemayexplainwhy50%of

heartattacks

occur

in

patients

with

normal

cholesterol

levels.

Elevated

levels

of

inflammatoryCreactiveprotein(CRP)andanaminoacidcalledhomocysteinehavebeen

suggestedasmoreimportantpredictorsofheartattacks.

ALZHEIMERSDISEASE

InflammationisasignificantfactorinAlzheimers.Itwaslongagoknownthattheriskof

Alzheimerswasreducedinpeoplewho,becausetheyhadaninflammatoryconditionsuch

asarthritis,tookcertainantiinflammatorydrugs.Thesedrugsare,however,tootoxicfor

longtermpreventiveuse.

AnextendedpieceofresearchcalledtheHonoluluAsiaAgingStudyfoundthatmenwith

thehighestlevelsofinflammation,asmeasuredbyCRP,werethreetimesmorelikelyto

developdementiathanthosewiththelowestlevels.

Howdementiadevelopsisthefocusofintensestudy,andisundoubtedlyaverycomplex

process. Butwedoknowthatchronicinflammationisinvolved,andthatthisattacksand

killsbraincells.

Wealsoknowthatthebrainreliesonacontinuoussupplyoffattyacids,andparticularly

Omega3fatty

acids,

to

build

and

renew

the

walls

of

its

brain

cells.

One

study

in

Neurology

suggeststhatanOmega3richdietcouldreducedamagebybetween2030%andcould

playanimportantroleinpreventingordelayingtheonsetofAlzheimersdisease.

Omega3sarenottheonlyneuroprotectivenutrients.Flavonoidsderivedfromfruitsand

vegetablesreduceinflammationbothdirectlyandalsoindirectly,bybindingfreeiron

(whichisproinflammatory)andbyreducingtheproductionofexcessfreeradicalsthat

wouldotherwisecausecollateraldamage.

Moreevidenceontheimportanceofcombiningarangeofnutrientscomesfromscientists

atthe

University

of

California,

published

in

the

Journal

of

Alzheimer's

Disease.

They

tested

acombinationofcurcuminandvitaminD3toenhancetheactivityoftwotypesofimmune


17/31

Inflamm-Ageing

page17

cellactinginthebrain.Theystate:Ourfindingsdemonstratethatactiveformsofvitamin

D3andcurcuminmaybeanimportantregulatorofimmuneactivitiesofmacrophagesin

helpingtoclearamyloidplaques.

DIABETES

HarvardMedicalSchoolresearchershavenotedaconnectionbetweenchronic

inflammationandType2diabetes.Wehaveseenthatfatcellsreleaseproinflammatory

chemicals.Theseinhibitthebodysabilitytoregulatebloodsugar.

Thehormoneinsulinworksbyensuringthatmusclecellstakeupbloodsugarafterameal,

therebyloweringbloodsugarlevels.Acombinationofexcessbodyfat,acarbohydraterich

dietandinsufficientlyexercisedmusclehindersthisprocess,leadingtochronically

elevatedbloodsugarlevels.

Elevatedblood

sugar

in

turn

creates

AGE

products

and

cross

linking

damage

to

tissues,

leadingovertimetoaccumulateddamageinmanysitesincludingthebloodvessels,eyes,

kidneysandbrain.

Thedietandnutritionalsupplementregimewerecommendhereisantiinflammatoryand

hasalowGlycaemicLoad(GL)inotherwordsitonlyraisesbloodsugarlevelsmoderately.

Thismakesitaparticularlysuitabledefenceagainstdiabetes,especiallywhencoupled

withexerciseand,whereappropriate,weightloss.

CANCER

Cancershavemanycauses,butchronicinflammationisincreasinglyconsideredasan

importantcausativefactor.Patientswithcoloncancer,forexample,haveconsistently

raisedlevelsofbiomarkersforinflammation;andchronicinflammationislookingmore

andmoreasifitmaybeanessentiallinkinthechainofeventsthatleadstothedisease.

HereswhatScientificAmericansaidinakeyarticlein2008.Cancerbeginswithaseriesof

geneticchangesthatpromptagroupofcellstooverreplicateandtheninvadesurrounding

tissue,thepointatwhichtruemalignancybegins.Eventuallysometumourcellsmaybreak

offandestablishnewgrowths(metastases)atdistantsites.

WhatappearstocausethatprogressionfromDNAdamagetocancerischronic

inflammation,whichthenencouragesfreeradicaldamage.Asthemagazinethenputsit:

Geneticdamageisthematchthatlightsthefire,andinflammationisthefuelthatfeedsit.


18/31

Inflamm-Ageing

page18

CHAPTER4

FIGHTINGINFLAMMAGEING

Chronicinflammationtheenemyinsideyou

aslow,silentdisturbancethatnevershutsoff.

Youcan'tfeelit.Youcan'tbetestedforit.

Yetithasbecomeamedicalhottopic.

It'sanunderlyingcauseformany,manydiseases.

WomensHealthDecember2012

Itis

clear

that

for

long

term

health,

chronic

inflammation

and

excess

free

radical

action

mustbekeptincheck.Therearefiveactionsyoucantakethatmatchthemaincausesof

inflammationandtheyaresurprisinglyeasytocarryout.

ANTIINFLAMMATORYACTION1:Getyourdietright

Youllinevitablygetoneyearolderevery365daysorso.However,giventhatbiological

ageingislargelydrivenbychronicinflammationwithadegreeoffreeradicaldamage,it

followsthatincreasingthelevelofantiinflammatoryandantioxidantnutrientsinyour

dietwillslowtherateatwhichyouagebiologically.

Thekeyantiinflammatoryfoodsincludefruits,vegetablesandOmega3richoilyfish.

FishhighinOmega3include:

wildsalmon(notfarmed,asthisisfedonhighOmega6grains)mackerel

herringtunasardinespilchards

Fruitswithhighantiinflammatoryandantioxidantscoresinclude:

blueberries raspberries blackberries strawberries cherries

blackcurrants

Highscoringvegetablesinclude:

broccoli asparagus beetroot chard spinach cabbage

mushrooms(whichareactuallyfungibuttheyusuallyliveinthevegetablesection)

Thesefruitsandvegetablesareallgoodsourcesofflavonoids,carotenoidsandother

phytonutrientswithantiinflammatoryandantioxidantproperties.Eatingarainbowis

soundadvice.Generallythemore(natural)coloursthereareonyourplate,thehigherthe

antioxidantandantiinflammatorycontentofyourdiet.


19/31

Inflamm-Ageing

page19

UseTable1toincreaseantiinflammatoryfoodsinyourdietandreduceproinflammatory

foods.Althoughnotaweight lossdietinitself,manypeoplefinditeasiertomaintaina

healthyweightonthistypeoffoodregimeandmostloseweight.

NotethatthetableisheadedMOREandLESS,becauseitisallaboutbalance.Thereisno

onefood

that

is

all

good,

or

all

bad.

Bananas,

for

example,

raise

blood

sugar

levels

but

areasourceofpotassiumandfibre.

Balance! Or,asColinsfatherusedtosay:Moderationinallthingsincludingvirtue!

Table1 Antiandproinflammatoryfoods

EATMORE EATLESS

Fruits Red/black/purplefruits,allberriesinc

strawberries,raspberries,blackberries,

blueberries,

elderberries,

blackcurrants,

citrus,plums,cherries,grapes

Therearenofruitsweshouldeatlessof

Veg Broccoli,chard,spinach,cabbage,collards,

kale,onions,carrots,sweetpotatoes,garlic,

peppers,mushrooms,courgettes(zucchini),

celery,asparagus

Potatoesorpotatoproducts,cornorcorn

products,unlessyouareveryactivephysically

Legumes

Legume

products

Lentils,beans,peas

Tofu(fromsoybeans),dhal(fromlentils),

hummus(fromchickpeas)

Herbsand

Spices

Turmeric,garlic,ginger,cayenne,chilli,curry

powder,basil,thyme,blackpepper,

cinnamon,oregano,rosemary,nutmeg

Salt

Fatsandoils Oliveorrapeseed(canola)oil Othervegetableandpalmoilsincsunflower.

Hardmargarines.

Fish Salmon(ifwild),herring,tuna,mackerel,

sardines,pilchards,trout,oysters

Deepfried

fish,

fish

fingers

Meat Game,grassfedbeef,mutton&lamb,free

rangechicken

Intensivelyfarmedbeef,porkorpoultry.

Sausages,burgers,bacon,curedmeatssuchas

hotdogs,salami

Dairyproducts Realcheesesespeciallygreen&blue,plain

yoghurt,particularlylive

Sweetenedyoghurt,icecream

Breads Wholemeal&ryeinmoderation,although

physicallyactivepeoplecaneatmore

White(refined)flourproducts

Cereals Brancereals,noaddedsugarmuesli,porridge

oats

Cornflakes,allsugaredcereals

Biscuitsand

snacks

Crisps,chips,pretzels,biscuits,cookiesandpies

Pastaand

grainsWholemeal

pasta,

brown

rice,

quinoa

White

rice,

white

pasta,

gnocchi

Nutsandseeds Eatinmoderationtheyarefullofomega6

fattyacids

Saltedandroastednuts

Sweeteners Preferintensenaturalsweetenerssuchas

steviaifneeded.

Sugar,honey,syrup,molasses

Dessertsand

sweets

Darkchocolate Mostsweetsanddesserts,icecream,baked

pastries

Drinks Fruitandvegetablejuices,tea,coffee,milk,

moderateredwine

Sugarsweetenedsoftdrinks,colas,spirits


20/31

Inflamm-Ageing

page20

Somecookingtips

UsefewerOmega6polyunsaturatedplantoils;switchto(monounsaturated)oliveoilor

rapeseedoil.

Reducefoodscookedathightemperatures(grilled,fried,barbecued,roasted).Instead,

stew,slowcook,stirfryorsautquickly.

Steamormicrowavevegetables.

Rubjointsforroastingwiththymeand/ororeganowhichhelpscounteracttheformation

ofAGEproducts.NeverusehoneytocoatorglazemeatasthisencouragesAGEs.

ANTIINFLAMMATORYACTION2:Takeanantiinflammatorysupplement

AconventionaldailyAZvitaminandmineraltabletprovidesabaselineofthosemicro

nutrients

for

which

there

are

Recommended

Daily

Amounts

(RDAs),

but

will

do

little

or

nothingtoreducechronicinflammation.

Thisisonereasonwhystudiesonsimplevitaminandmineralsupplementsgenerallyshow

noreductioninagerelateddisease.

TheAmericanCancerInstitutenowrecommendsnineportionsoffruitandvegetablesa

day.Ifthisistoomuchforyou,youcanmovethebalanceofyourdiettowardsanti

inflammatorystatusbychoosinganutritionalsupplementthatincludesmorethanthe

conventionalvitaminsandminerals.

Itshould

also

include

potent

anti

inflammatory

compounds

such

as

Omega

3fish

oil,

curcumin,greenteaandgrapeseedflavonoids.

Drawingonover30yearsofresearch,Paulhasdesignedasupplementprogrammethat

combinesantiinflammatorynutrientswithanAZrangeofvitaminsandmineralsat

levelsandinformsthatresearchindicatesareoptimal.

TheformulaisincludedasAppendix1.Ithasbeentestedunderpharmaceuticallaboratory

conditionsandtheresultsshowedthatcellinflammationmarkerswereessentially

eliminatedatthelevelsusedinthesupplement.

Asyougetoldertypicallyover45to50inflammationtendstoincrease,soitthen

makessensetoaddadditionalantiinflammatoriesandothernutrientsthatresearch

indicatescanhelpprotecteyes,brain,heartandcellularhealth.

Thesewouldcertainlyincludelycopene,lutein,andbetacarotene,allcarotenoidswhich,

amongstotherbenefits,helpmaintainnormalcellsignallingfunction.Cellsneedto

communicatewitheachothertofunctionproperlyanderrorsincellsignallingcanleadto

cancer.PubMed,theonlinepublishingarmoftheAmericanNationalInstitutesofHealth,

confirmsthat

carotenoids

can

be

useful

in

the

prevention

of

cancer

and

other

degenerativediseases.


21/31

Inflamm-Ageing

page21

ItwouldalsoincludecoenzymeQ10whichparticipatesintheproductionofenergyinthe

mitochondriathetinyenergyfactorieswithineachcell.Q10hasresearchsupportfor

cardiohealthandisavailableasamedicineinsomeEuropeancountries.Itsroleappearsto

beinhibitedbystatins.

Itwould

also

include

soy

isoflavones.

The

Journal

of

the

National

Cancer

Institute

in

2003

concludedthathigherintakeofsoyfoodslikemisosoupandtofuintheJapanesedietwas

linkedtolowerlevelsofbreastcancer.Otherepidemiologicalstudiesshowarelationship

betweenhighsoyconsumptionandlessincidenceofprostatecancer.

Finallyitwouldcertainlyincludebetaine,whichhelpslowerabloodproteincalled

homocysteine.Elevatedlevelsofhomocysteineareassociatedwithahigherriskofheart

disease.

Theseadditionscreateanevenmoreantiinflammatory'cocktail'andallround

preventativehealthcare.

See

Appendix

2.

ThesupplementslistedatAppendices1and2aredesignedtocombinethemost

protectiveelementsfromthehealthiestdietsasidentifiedbylaboratoryand

epidemiological(populationbased)research.Sincesomeofthenutrientslistedareless

familiar,orhavemultiplebenefits,hereisalittlemorebackground.

Omega3

WelearnedabouttheimportanceofOmega3fattyacidsearlier,butOmega3hasother

anti

inflammatory

benefits.

A2012studycarriedoutatOhioStateUniversityandpublishedinBrain,Behaviourand

ImmunityfoundthataslittleasfourmonthssupplementationwithOmega3was

associatedwithanincreaseinthelengthoftelomeresinimmunesystemcells.

Whataretelomeresandwhydoestheirlengthmatter?TelomeresaresequencesofDNA

attheendofchromosomes,sometimeslikenedtothetagsattheendofashoelace.

Withoutthetagsthelacewouldunravelandwithouttelomeres,cellscannotdivide.

Telomeresgetshorterandshorterascellsreplicateanddie.Indeedsomeresearchers

measureageingbytheshorteningoftelomeres.Oncethetelomereistotallyconsumed,

thecelldies.Anynutrientthatcanreducetherateatwhichtelomeresshorten(oreven

reversetheprocess)isthereforepotentiallyexcitinglongevitynews.

TheleadresearcheratOhioStatecommented:Ourfindingsstronglysuggestthat

inflammationiswhatisdrivingthechangesinthetelomeres.

Otherantiinflammatorycompoundsalsoplayarole.Thenutrientslycopene,lutein,

vitaminEandtheflavonoidsandisoflavonesareimportanthere,asarethemineralszinc,

manganese,copperandselenium,theessentialcofactorsfortheantioxidantenzymes.

Soincludetheminanyantiageingprogramme.


22/31

Inflamm-Ageing

page22

Beyondapossibleroleinlongevity,theresearchonOmega3isextensiveandshowsthatit

isahighlyimportantnutrientforheart,jointandbrainhealth.

Curcumin

Derived

from

turmeric,

the

yellow

spice

which

is

used

in

curry,

and

a

member

of

the

ginger

family,ithaspotentantiinflammatoryandantioxidantproperties.Inanimalstudiesithas

beenshowntoinhibitthedevelopmentofcanceranddementia.

Intriguingly,thoseareasinIndiawiththehighestintakesofcurcuminappeartohavethe

lowestratesofageadjusteddementia.Asaresultoftheseandotherfindingshumantrials

areunderway,andstartingtoproduceencouragingresults.

Curcuminisbestabsorbedinthepresenceofoil,sotakingitwithafishoilcapsuleis

logical.AsitprotectstheOmega3fattyacidsfromoxidationinthebody,thecombination

makes

good

sense.

VitaminD3

VitaminD3isagoodexampleofhowtheformofavitaminmatters.Someformsofsome

vitaminsaremoreeffectivethanothers.VitaminD3ispreferredtoD2onthosegrounds.

VitaminDisreallyahormoneratherthanavitamin,andisvitalforthenormalfunctioning

ofeverysysteminthebody,includingtheimmunesystem.

PeoplewithinsufficientDappeartobemorepronetoinflammation;conversely,people

with

adequate

levels

of

D

in

their

bodies

have

a

lower

risk

of

cancer,

arthritis,

heart

disease,dementia,autoimmunedisease,depressionandosteoporosis.Thereiseven

evidencesuggestingthatahealthyDstatusmayhelpmaintainahealthyweight.

Dresearchalsoprovidesagoodexampleofthecriticaldifferencebetweendeficientand

insufficientordepleted.

DatafromtheUSNationalHealthandNutritionExaminationSurveyfoundthat9%of

childrenacrosstheUSAwerevitaminDdeficient,(ie.didnotreachtheRDAlevel).

However,astaggering61%(50.8millionchildren!)werevitaminDinsufficientordepleted

(ie.had

levels

that

were

insufficient

to

afford

protection).

WeexpectedtheprevalenceofvitaminDinsufficiencywouldbehigh,butthemagnitude

oftheproblemnationwidewasshocking,saysleadauthorJuhiKumar,afellowin

paediatricsattheAlbertEinsteinCollegeofMedicine.

ThereisnoreasontosupposethatthesituationisanybetterinWesternEurope.

DrClaytonhasbeenmakingthepointformanyyearsthatinasedentarypopulationwith

lowenergyrequirements,andwhere2000to2500caloriesperdayisconsiderednormal,

itisnolongerpossibletogeteverythingneededforlongtermhealthfromevenawell

balanceddiet.


23/31

Inflamm-Ageing

page23

Thewellbalanceddietwillgenerallypreventoutrightdeficiency,butitwillnotprevent

micronutrientandphytonutrientdepletion,andthuscannotprotectagainstchronic

inflammation,ordegenerativedisease.

VitaminK2

VitaminKiswellknownasanessentialbloodclottingagentbutitisalsocriticalinthe

controlofcalciuminthebody.InsufficientKdamagesthebodysabilitytobuildcalcium

intothebones,ortokeepcalciumfromdepositinginourarteriesandsofttissues.

Thereareseveralformsofthisvitamin.VitaminK1occursinleafygreenplantssuchas

spinach,chard,kale,saladgreens,parsley,mustardgreensandbroccoli.AbsorptionofK1

fromthesesourcesispoor,atonlyabout20%;anditdoesnotstaylongintheblood,

whichmakesitrelativelyineffectiveatbuildingbonesandprotectingarteries.

K2

is

derived

from

cheeses

such

as

quark

and

the

blue

and

green

cheeses,

and

occurs

in

highlevelsinthefermentedsoydishcallednattoaJapanesedelicacyfewWesterners

haveexperienced(orenjoyeditisaveryacquiredtaste!).K2isverywellabsorbedand

remainsinthebloodstreamforhoursatatimemakingitamuchmoreeffectiveboneand

cardiovascularprotector.K2ismoreexpensivethanK1,whichiswhyitisrarelyfoundin

massmarketsupplements.

ANTIINFLAMMATORYACTION3:Speeduptoslowdownageing

Moderateexercise

increases

your

health

prospects,

in

part

because

it

has

anti

inflammatoryeffects.Thestandardadviceistotake30minutesofexercise,fivetimesa

week,atalevelthatraisesyourheartrate.

Peoplewhoexerciseataroundthislevelhavelowerratesofheartdisease,cancer,

diabetesanddementia.

However,youcanoverdose.Intenseexercisecantriggerinflammationandexcessivefree

radicals,sotakeantiinflammatorysupplementstocounternegativeeffects.

ANTIINFLAMMATORYACTION4:Loseweightifyouneedto

Ifyoucarryexcessweight,slimdowninagradualandsustainableway.Thereisevidence

thatyoyodietingisintrinsicallyproinflammatory,soavoidcrashdiets.

Supportanyweightlossregimewithasupplementthatincludesafullrangeofanti

inflammatorynutrientsandphytonutrients,asthesealltendtobelowincalorie

restricteddiets.


24/31

Inflamm-Ageing

page24

ANTIINFLAMMATORYACTION5:Makesuretheacuteinflammationresponsefully

clearsinfection

Ifaharmfulmicroorganisminvadesthebodyandtheacuteinflammatoryresponseis

insufficienttoclearthatthreat,theinfectiousagentmaylingeron.Thebodywillthen

switchovertoachronicinflammatoryresponsethat,asyouknowbynow,willeventually

leadtoseriousdiseases. Thisiswhy,forexample,poororalhygieneandsubsequent

chronicgingival(gum)inflammationarelinkedtoheartdisease.

Itisthereforeimportanttoensurethatyouracuteimmuneresponseisefficientinfully

clearinginfections.Themosteffective(andnatural)waytoboostyourimmunityistotake

13,16betaglucans.Thesearepolysaccharides,derivedfrombakersyeast,thathave

beenproventoincreasetheeffectivenessofyourfrontlineimmunesystemdefence

againstbacteriaandviruses.

The13,16betaglucans(nottobeconfusedwiththe13,14betaglucansinoatsand

othercereals)havebeentestedagainstawiderangeofpathogensfromE.colitoflu

virusesandeventhedeadlyanthraxbacillus,andshowntobehighlyprotectiveagainstall

ofthem.

WhentheCanadianDepartmentofDefencewassearchingforanimmuneenhancerthat

couldhelpcounteractradiation,theytestedover100productsandonebetaglucan

extractcameoutontop.ThiswasapatentedingredientcalledWellmune,anditisthe

mainingredientintheimmuneenhancersupplementcalledImmunoShield

www.immunoshield.com.

Acomprehensiveantiinflammatorysupplementwillhelpreducelongtermchronic

inflammationanda13,16betaglucansupplementisdesignedtoenhancetheimmune

systemsshorttermacuteresponse.Thecombinationhasexcitingpotential.

Andfinally

Stopsmoking(butyoualreadyknewthat!)andminimiseexposuretoairpollutionwhere

possible.If

you

live

in

acity

where

air

quality

is

an

issue,

you

should

seriously

consider

an

antiinflammatorysupplement.

Itreallyworks

Astudyina2004issueofMetabolismmagazineshowedthatadietrichinanti

inflammatoryfruits,vegetablesandwholegrainsandreducedinrefinedflours,sugarsand

saturatedfats,ledtoa45%averagereductionininflammationlevelsasmeasuredbyCRP

injusttwoweeks.Moreover,thesupplementsdetailedonthenexttwopageseffectively

eliminatedinflammation

in

cell

tests.


25/31

Inflamm-Ageing

page25


26/31

Inflamm-Ageing

page26

APPENDIX1

DrClaytonsrecommendedsupplementformulaforages30to50

isNUTRISHIELDESSENTIALS

www.nutrishield.com

Nutrient Level Function

Omega3 650mg Antiinflammatory,hearthealth

Greenteaextract 150mg Antiinflammatory&antioxidant

Curcumin 250mg Antiinflammatory&antioxidant

Grapeseedextract 100mg Antiinflammatory&antioxidant

VitaminC 500mg Antiinflammatory&antioxidant

NaturalVitaminE 55mg/83IU Antiinflammatory&antioxidant

VitaminK1

VitaminK250

mcg

25mcg

Antiinflammatory

at

high

doses.

K2

is

themostpotentform

VitaminD3 20mcg Importantimmunesystemsupport

Selenium 150mcg Antiinflammatory&immunesupport

Chromium 120mcg Supportstheactionofinsulin

Zinc 10mg Essentialtobuildantioxidantenzymes

Magnesium 114mg Essentialinmanymetabolicreactions

Iodine 100mcg Essentialtoproducethyroidhormones

Copper 1mg Acofactorforantioxidantenzymes

Calcium 177mg Importantinboneformation

Manganese 2mg

Aco

factor

for

anti

oxidant

enzymes

Molybdenum 40mcg Acofactorforseveralvitalenzymes

VitaminA 800mcg Importantinimmunefunction

VitaminB1 7.5mg Helpsconvertfoodintoenergy

VitaminB2 7.5mg Essentialtometabolisefoodforenergy

VitaminB3 15mg HelpsboostprotectiveHDLcholesterol

VitaminB5 11.25mg Helpsconvertfoodintoenergy

VitaminB6 7.5mg Essentialtometabolisefoodforenergy

Biotin(B7) 150mcg Helpsconvertfoodintoenergy

FolicAcid(B9) 200mcg Providesvitalmethylgroups

VitaminB12 6.75mcg Antiinflammatory


27/31

Inflamm-Ageing

page27

APPENDIX2

Peopleoverabout50orwithaparticularlystressfullifestyle

shouldconsiderNUTRISHIELDPREMIUM,whichADDSthe

followingnutrientstothoseinEssentials.

www.nutrishield.com

Nutrient Level Function

CoEnzyme

Q10

30mg Antioxidantmitochondrialhealth

Soy

Isoflavones

40mg Antiinflammatorymayalsohelpnormalisedamagedcells

Betaine 450mg Providesvitalmethylgroups;lowersdangeroushomocysteinelevels

Betacarotene

7mg

Antioxidant,

anti

inflammatory

Lutein 6mg Antioxidant.Eyehealth

Glucosamine 415mg Workstohelpbuildconnectivetissue,workingtogetherwithvitaminsKandD

Zeaxanthin 42mcg Antioxidant,eyehealth

Cryptoxanthin 49mcg Antioxidant

Lycopene 5mg Antioxidant.Mayprotectprostate,brainandgastrointestinaltract

Notethatmen,andwomenafterthemenopause,generallydonotrequire

supplementaliron,asexcessironinthebodyisproinflammatory.Womenbeforetheir

menopausedo

need

iron

in

their

supplement.


28/31

Inflamm-Ageing

page28

APPENDIX3

LABORATORYTESTS

Testresults

on

NutriShield

can

be

seen

at

http://univite.com/Nutrishield/documents/VivacellSummaryWeb.pdf

TheindependentlaboratoryVivacellinGermanyusedtheindustrystandard

inflammatorybiomarkersInterleukin1beta(IL1beta),TumorNecrosisFactor(TNF

alpha),Interleukin6(IL6),Interleukin8(IL8),ProstaglandinE2(PGE2)andIsoprostane

8(IsoPGF2alphaIsoprostan).

Thereportsupportstheconvictionthatonlyacombinationofnutrientsthatmimicsan

idealdiet

can

be

truly

effective.

Thereportconcluded:

OurdataclearlyprovideevidencethatNutriShieldcreatespotentantiinflammatory

andantioxidanteffects.

NutriShieldisthereforeabioactivenutraceuticaltobeusedtohelpprevent

inflammatorydiseaseofanykind.

OurdatafindasynergisticeffectoftheseveralingredientsofNutriShieldsincethe

combinationwasmoreeffectivethanthesummaryofthesingleingredients.


29/31

Inflamm-Ageing

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WHATNEXT?

YoucanvisittheNutriShieldwebsiteatwww.nutrishield.com

DrPaulClaytonhaswrittenaverywellreviewedandhighlyrecommendedbestseller

calledHealth

Defence,

which

you

can

buy

from

www.healthdefence.com.

Healsohasawebsiteatwww.drpaulclayton.com

APersonalNotefromColinRose

About Health Defence

Dr Paul Clayton has developed a multitude of creative and innovative solutions forthe promotion of human health and wellbeing.

David RichardsonVisiting Professor, Food and Nutrition Science

University of Newcastle on Tyne

This book is a must for everyone

it will educate and inspire.What Medicine? Magazine

My parents died too young and I have always been interested in the impact of dietand lifestyle on health. When I met Dr Paul Clayton 10 years ago I recognisedsomeone who was more knowledgeable about nutrition and health than anyone I hadever met or read. He was clearly passionate about improving the nations health.

I suggested he write a book capturing his knowledge and advice. It was eventuallypublished as Health Defence,and it contained a well-documented rationale forsupplementation which was extended in a series of papers he co-authored in theJournal of the Royal Society of Medicine.

But no existing supplement came close to meeting his specifications, so I decided tofound a company to develop one (called NutriShield) to fill that gap.

The logic and book came first, and the supplement followed. We assumed thesupplement would be for people of 50 years and over. But a mountain of research,and increasing rates of degenerative disease in younger age groups, has now led to

the realisation that the need for an anti-inflammatory programme starts much earlierthan that, particularly for vulnerable individuals.

Consequently we believe there is a requirement for two levels of anti-inflammatoryand anti-oxidant support; one for the younger person living fairly healthily, and asecond for older subjects, and those younger folk who dont have the time orinclination to live as well as they should.

Dr Paul Clayton stills consults for the company that I founded in order to produceNutriShield, but he has no financial interest in that company or its products. Heremains an independent health researcher.


30/31

Inflamm-Ageing

page30

ENDNOTE

Thescienceisstillunderconstruction,butmostscientistsnowbelievethatchronic

inflammationis

at

the

core

of

almost

all

of

the

degenerative

diseases.

As

aresult,

chronic

inflammationisbeingtargetedbythepharmaceuticalindustry,andindustrialteamsare

tryingtodevelopnewsyntheticantiinflammatorydrugs.

Ourviewisthatthisisadeadend.Drugshaveanoverwhelmingtendencytoproduce

adverseeffects,andmoreoftheseemergethelongerthedrugsareused.Veryfewdrugs

aresafeenoughtobeusedforlongtermprevention.

Inanycase,whywaitforthenextcropofartificialdrugswhenyoucouldbeeatinga

naturalharvestoffruits,vegetablesandoilyfish?Thedietandsupplementcombination

detailedhere

is

inherently

safe,

and

likely

to

be

far

more

effective.

Evidenceforthiscomesnotonlyfromthetestsandextensiveresearchbehindthisbook,

butfromthemidVictorians.Theyateadietcontaininglevelsofantiinflammatory

compoundsroughlytentimeshigherthanwedo.Asaresult,theywerealmostimmuneto

degenerativedisease.Heartattacksandcancerwereknownbuttheywererare,occurring

atlessthan10%ofthelevelswethinkofasnormaltoday,andmostmidVictorianshada

healthyoldage.

Livinginthewaythatwedotodayalmostguaranteesthatouroldageisincreasingly

compromisedby

disability

and

disease.

Manyofusmightliketheideaoflivingforlonger,butnotatanycost.Theprospectof

extendingourhealthylivesseemsmuchmoreattractivequalityoflifenotjustlengthof

life.

Thechancesofachievingthisaregreatlyenhancedbypreventingchronicinflammation.

Chronicinflammationislikeaseriesofslow,smoulderingfiresthatgraduallyburnaway

healthytissueanddriveustowardsillness,disabilityandprematuredeath.

CRPand

the

other

tests

are

fire

alarms.

The

right

diet,

supplements

and

lifestyle

provide

youwithasetoffireextinguishers.

Nowitsuptoyou.


31/31

Inflamm-Ageing

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