K B E N H A V N S U N I V E R S I T E T
Kandidatspeciale
Ccilie Kronborg Olsen og Sofie Nrgrd Nielsen
Deltagelse, indlevelse og interesse
- Hvordan skabes engagerende museumsformidling p danske
kulturhistoriske
kulturhistoriske museer
Vejleder: Lennart Bjrneborn
Afleveret den: 22/09/2015
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Institutnavn: Det Informationsvidenskabelige Akademi, Kbenhavns Universitet
Forfattere: Ccilie Kronborg Olsen og Sofie Nrgrd Nielsen Titel og evt. undertitel: Deltagelse, indlevelse og interesse Hvordan skabes
engagerende museumsformidling p danske kulturhistoriske museer
Title / Subtitle: Participation, empathy and interest How engaging museum
communication is created in Danish cultural history museums Vejleder: Lennart Bjrneborn Afleveret den: 22. september 2015 Ordoptlling: 245.394 anslag / 102,2 normalsider
Alle billeder og tabeller er taget/lavet af os medmindre der str andet.
Forsidebilledet bestr af egne billeder samt billeder fra copenhagen.dk,
magasinetkunst.dk, aok.dk og af Lars Bertelsen fra aarskov.com, som optrder senere i
specialet.
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Abstract
During the last decade the museums have experienced a paradigm shift where their focus
has turned from conveying collections to providing their users with a fulfilling museum
experience. In connection to this many museums use the term engagement when
describing their exhibitions. In this thesis we wanted to examine this term, and how
engagement is seen in Danish cultural history museums. In order to do this we chose the
newly built Moesgaard Museum, just outside Aarhus, and the Museum of Copenhagen
(Kbenhavns Museum) as our case studies, and studied them through interviews with
users of the museums and an employee from each museum. Our goal with this study was
to introduce a number of guidelines to be used in the making of an engaging museum
exhibit.
In our analysis of the exhibitions at the two museums, we found that they communicated to
their users in different ways. The most obvious difference is in layout and design of the
exhibitions. At Moesgaard Museum they focused on designing for people in the scale of
1:1 and use light and sound effects to create an atmosphere of the past which is the general
theme of the museum. The authentic objects only play a minor role in the overall story that
they are trying to tell. At the Museum of Copenhagen they have a more traditional
approach to the exhibits as the authentic objects play a leading role in communicating the
history and the future of Copenhagen. Another difference we have noticed through our
interviews with users at the two museums is the type of interest initiated by the object
displays. At Moesgaard Museum they arouse a situational interest in their users by making
use of dramatised spaces that speak to the senses and create an immediate understanding.
At the Museum of Copenhagen the users are engaged by their relational interest because
the objects are recognisable and therefore easy to relate to. In the light of this we see that it
is important to present the museum objects in a context that the users can relate to, through
their prior knowledge and everyday experience.
A crucial finding in this thesis is the fact that participation not only exist when users are
actively engaged, it can also take place when the users are passive but feel like they are
participating as part of an event.
Our findings is summarised in 9 guidelines which are presented at the end of this thesis.
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Indholdsfortegnelse
1. Indledning .................................................................................................................................... 5
2. Problemformulering ................................................................................................................... 7
3. Metodeovervejelser .................................................................................................................... 7
3.1 Hvordan besvares problemformuleringen? ....................................................................... 7
3.2 Begrundelse for valg af museerne ..................................................................................... 8
3.3 ndringer i problemformuleringen ................................................................................. 10
3.4 Interview .............................................................................................................................. 10
3.4.1 Interview med museumsmedarbejder ..................................................................... 11
3.4.2 Interview med brugere ............................................................................................... 12
3.5 Specialets opbygning .......................................................................................................... 14
4. Engagement - et flydende begreb ......................................................................................... 15
4.1 Motivation ............................................................................................................................ 15
4.2 Skabe forbindelse mellem de besgendes hverdag og museers viden ...................... 17
4.3 Engagement som en proces .............................................................................................. 21
4.4 Drivers of engagement ....................................................................................................... 24
4.5 Brugerinddragelse ............................................................................................................... 28
5. Analyse ....................................................................................................................................... 30
5.1 Moesgaard Museum ............................................................................................................. 30
5.1.1 Moesgaard Museum - Hvordan................................................................................... 33
5.1.2 Moesgaard Museum - Resultater og analyse ........................................................... 35
5.1.2.1 Hvad kendetegner informanterne .................................................................... 36
5.1.2.2 Hvad var engagerende? ....................................................................................... 39
5.1.2.3 Hvad betyder engagement for informanterne? .............................................. 47
5.2 Kbenhavns Museum .......................................................................................................... 57
5.2.1 Kbenhavns Museum - Hvordan ................................................................................ 59
5.2.2 Kbenhavns Museum - Resultater og analyse ......................................................... 61
5.2.2.1 Motivation for museumsbesg ........................................................................... 61
5.2.2.2 Hvad fandt informanterne engagerende? ........................................................ 63
5.2.2.3 Hvad betyder engagement for informanterne? .............................................. 75
6.1 At tale til brugernes interesser ........................................................................................ 83
6.1.1 Genstande og historier ............................................................................................... 86
6.1.2 Wauw-genstande ......................................................................................................... 91
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6.2 At tale til brugernes motivation ...................................................................................... 94
6.3 Oplevelseskonomi og autenticitet ................................................................................. 98
6.4 Retningslinjer for engagerende museumsformidling .................................................. 103
7. Konklusion ................................................................................................................................ 107
8. Perspektivering ....................................................................................................................... 111
Litteraturliste ............................................................................................................................... 113
Bilag 1-12
Ansvarsfordeling:
Ccilie Kronborg Olsen har haft ansvar for analysen af Moesgaard Museum, samt
teoriafsnittene 4.3 og 4.4.
Sofie Nrgrd Nielsen har haft ansvar for analysen af Kbenhavns Museum, samt
teoriafsnittene 4.2 og 4.5.
Resten af specialet er skrevet i fllesskab.
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1. Indledning
Igennem vores studietid har vi, isr de seneste par r, begge arbejdet meget med museer
og formidling, og i den forbindelse er vi flere gange stdt p vendingen engagerende
formidling. Det kunne vre i rsberetninger, fondsbegrundelser, eller i museernes
visioner og missioner. Vi har begge studset over dette, for hvad betyder egentlig
engagement, og hvordan sikrer man sig, at ens formidling er engagerende?
Museerne har i de sidste r gennemget hvad man kalder et paradigmeskift eller et cultural
turn, hvor man er get fra at have fokus p samlingen, til at have fokus p brugerne, og
formidlingen er get fra at vre ho
