Làm quen với JavaScript

Bi 1:Lm quen vi JavaScript

Gii thiu v JavaScriptLch s JavaScriptMc ch ca JavaScriptJavaScript v BrowserChng trnh JavaScriptV tr m JavaScriptS lc v m JavaScriptIDE cho JavaScript

Mc tiu bi hc

Gii thiu v JavaScriptLch s JavaScriptMc ch ca JavaScriptJavaScript v BrowserChng trnh JavaScriptV tr m JavaScriptS lc v m JavaScriptIDE cho JavaScript

Lm quen vi JavaScript 2

HTML: Cha ni dngCSS: Cch trnh byJavaScript: Hnh ng caca trang web

JavaScript hi p li cctng tc ca ngi dng

Khi ngi dng nhn chutKhi ngi dng nhn vomenu

JavaScript ci g???

HTML: Cha ni dngCSS: Cch trnh byJavaScript: Hnh ng caca trang web

JavaScript hi p li cctng tc ca ngi dng

Khi ngi dng nhn chutKhi ngi dng nhn vomenu


JavaScript c pht trin bi Brendan Eich thuc Netscape vokhong thi gian 1995-1996u tin ngn ng ny c tn gi l LiveScript, nhng sau itn thnh JavaScript do ngn ng Java trong thi im hin tirt ni ting

Cng vi li ch m danh ting ca ngn ng Java a li,JavaScript cng gp phi nhng bt li do c lin quan n Java biJava khng h tr tt cho WebCh nhng nm gn y, JavaScript mi trnh c nhng bt li

Lch s JavaScript

JavaScript c pht trin bi Brendan Eich thuc Netscape vokhong thi gian 1995-1996u tin ngn ng ny c tn gi l LiveScript, nhng sau itn thnh JavaScript do ngn ng Java trong thi im hin tirt ni ting

Cng vi li ch m danh ting ca ngn ng Java a li,JavaScript cng gp phi nhng bt li do c lin quan n Java biJava khng h tr tt cho WebCh nhng nm gn y, JavaScript mi trnh c nhng bt li


JavaScript c to ra vi mc ch x l pha client tng tcvi ngi dng nh

Xc nh tnh hp l ca Form (Validate form)Xc nh tnh hp l cho Form trn Client thay v trn Server s lmgim ti cho Server v tr v kt qu lp tc cho ngi dng

Lm vic vi nh hi p li ngi dng

Lch s JavaScript


Validate form

Slide Show

Nm 1997, Microsoft, Netscape v European ComputerManufactures a ra ti liu c t u tin cho JavaScript c tngi l ECMAScript (hay ECMA-262)Nm 1999, phin bn 3 ca ECMA-262 ra iNm 2009, phin bn 5 ca ECMA-262 ra i v l phin bn minhtTt c cc phin bn ca ECMA ra i u c cc trnh duyt phbin nh FireFox, Safari v Opera h tr, nhng mi trnh duyt htr khc nhau Lp trnh vin phi vit nhiu phin bn chomt tc v

ECMAScript

Nm 1997, Microsoft, Netscape v European ComputerManufactures a ra ti liu c t u tin cho JavaScript c tngi l ECMAScript (hay ECMA-262)Nm 1999, phin bn 3 ca ECMA-262 ra iNm 2009, phin bn 5 ca ECMA-262 ra i v l phin bn minhtTt c cc phin bn ca ECMA ra i u c cc trnh duyt phbin nh FireFox, Safari v Opera h tr, nhng mi trnh duyt htr khc nhau Lp trnh vin phi vit nhiu phin bn chomt tc v


c t ECMA-262 ngy cng c pht trin lm cho JavaScriptngy cng hon thin hnCng vi HTML5, CSS3 JavaScript ngy cng tr nn mnh m, cth vit c cc ng dng nh trn desktopCc trnh duyt ang c gng h tr JavaScript tt hn mJavaScript c th chy n nh trn tt c cc trnh duytLp trnh vin c h tr bi cc th vin c sn nh JQuery,JSON, YUI lm cho vic lp trnh JavaScript tr nn d dng hnJavaScript kt hp vi cc cng ngh khc nh Java, Flash,ActivateX h tr cc tnh nng nh a phng tin hay ha JavaScript ang pht trin v ngy cng hon thin hn, hngn c th vit cc ng dng nh trn desktop

Xu hng ca JavaScript

c t ECMA-262 ngy cng c pht trin lm cho JavaScriptngy cng hon thin hnCng vi HTML5, CSS3 JavaScript ngy cng tr nn mnh m, cth vit c cc ng dng nh trn desktopCc trnh duyt ang c gng h tr JavaScript tt hn mJavaScript c th chy n nh trn tt c cc trnh duytLp trnh vin c h tr bi cc th vin c sn nh JQuery,JSON, YUI lm cho vic lp trnh JavaScript tr nn d dng hnJavaScript kt hp vi cc cng ngh khc nh Java, Flash,ActivateX h tr cc tnh nng nh a phng tin hay ha JavaScript ang pht trin v ngy cng hon thin hn, hngn c th vit cc ng dng nh trn desktop


Tham khoOverview: JavaScript, Flash, Java, Silverlight and ActiveX (Liya Kantor) (1)

Thc hin cc tc v pha ClientTo menu xungThay i ni dung trn trang webThm cc thnh phn ng vo trang web

Mt s trang web s dng JavaScript to ra cc hiu nghttp://dibusoft.com/http://www.hotel-oxford.ro/http://www.dibusoft.com/

JavaScript c th vit GAMEhttp://www.themaninblue.com/experiment/BunnyHunt/http://www.e-forum.ro/bomberman/dynagame.html#top

JavaScript c th lm

Thc hin cc tc v pha ClientTo menu xungThay i ni dung trn trang webThm cc thnh phn ng vo trang web

Mt s trang web s dng JavaScript to ra cc hiu nghttp://dibusoft.com/http://www.hotel-oxford.ro/http://www.dibusoft.com/

JavaScript c th vit GAMEhttp://www.themaninblue.com/experiment/BunnyHunt/http://www.e-forum.ro/bomberman/dynagame.html#top


Vit m JavaScript u tinM Browser (IE hoc FireFox)G vo thanh a ch: javascript: alert(Hello World)Kt qu:

Chng trnh JavaScript bao gm cc cu lnh c thng dchbi trnh thng dch tch hp sn trn Browser JavaScript ph thuc nhiu vo Browser

Vit m JavaScript u tin

Vit m JavaScript u tinM Browser (IE hoc FireFox)G vo thanh a ch: javascript: alert(Hello World)Kt qu:

Chng trnh JavaScript bao gm cc cu lnh c thng dchbi trnh thng dch tch hp sn trn Browser JavaScript ph thuc nhiu vo Browser


Mt chng trnh JavaScript cng ging nh chng trnh vit bngcc ngn ng khc

Mt chng trnh javaScript bao gm nhiu cu lnhMt cu lnh c to nn t cc ton t, t nh danh, bin

Cu lnh ny khai bo bin x c gi tr bng 4

Mt chng trnhJavaScript gm nhng g?

var x = 4

Mt chng trnh JavaScript cng ging nh chng trnh vit bngcc ngn ng khc

Mt chng trnh javaScript bao gm nhiu cu lnhMt cu lnh c to nn t cc ton t, t nh danh, bin

Cu lnh ny khai bo bin x c gi tr bng 4


M JavaScript c t trong th trong th hoc (v)

Nn t m Javascript trong th t cui phn body m bo tt c cc thnh phn c load

M JavaScript trn trang Web

A Web Page Title

// Vit m javscript y

M JavaScript c t trong th trong th hoc (v)

Nn t m Javascript trong th t cui phn body m bo tt c cc thnh phn c load


A Web Page Title

// Vit m javscript y

document.write("hello");document.write(" world");

JavaScript l ngn ng thng dch, b thng dch c tch hpsn trn trnh duyt nn khng cn bt c cng c c bit no lp trnhC th vit m JavaScript trn chng trnh son tho vn bn nhnotepad

Cng c lp trnh JavaScript


JavaScript phn bit ch hoa ch thngJavasScript b qua k t cchCh thch

Ch thch nhiu dng

Ch thch trn mt dng

K t du chm phy (;) kt thc mt dng lnh. K t ny lbt buc

Quy tc c bn ca JavaScript

/* Dy l ch thch nhiu dngBn c th vit ch thch trn nhiu dng */

JavaScript phn bit ch hoa ch thngJavasScript b qua k t cchCh thch

Ch thch nhiu dng

Ch thch trn mt dng

K t du chm phy (;) kt thc mt dng lnh. K t ny lbt buc


// y l k hiu ch thch mt dng// Ch thch ny ch ch thch c cho mt dng

Cu lnh JavaScript chia lm hai loiCu lnh n

Cu lnh kp

Cu lnh JavaScript

var x = 4

If( x ==1){//Vit cu lnh y

} else {//Vit cu lnh y

}

Cu lnh JavaScript chia lm hai loiCu lnh n

Cu lnh kp


If( x ==1){//Vit cu lnh y

} else {//Vit cu lnh y

}

JavaScript c tp cc t kha

Tham kho thm v cc t kha trong ti liu ECMA-262

T kha

break delete if this whilecase do in throw withcatch else instanceof trycontinue finally new typeof

JavaScript c tp cc t kha

Tham kho thm v cc t kha trong ti liu ECMA-262


continue finally new typeofdebugger for return vardefault function switch void

JavaScript cung cp nhiu hm dng sn (built-in function)alert()

Mt s hm khng c h tr trn tt c cc trnh duyt. Kimtra xem Browser c h tr hm khng l iu rt quan trng (Sc cp k hn trong cc chng sau ny)JavaScript cng cho php ngi dng t nh ngha hm

Hm


Demo hm

function ham(x) {if (x > 0) {alert("Hi");

} else {alert("hello");

}}

Hien thi loi chao

var x = 1;ham(x);




}}

Hien thi loi chao

var x = 1;ham(x);

Xem Demo/Function

Vi nhng website c nhiu trang web. Cc trang web cng sdng mt fuction th vic lu m JavaScript ra mt file ring l rtcn thitVit m JavaScript thnh file ring s tch phn ni dung (HTML)v hnh ng (JavaScript) Trang web d bo tr hnCc bc lu m JavaScript ra file bn ngoi

B1. To file txt miB2. Vit m JavaScript voB3. i tn file thnh jsB4. Gn a ch ca file cho thuc tnhCh : Nn file js v html cng mt th mc

Lu m JavaScript vo file bn ngoi

Vi nhng website c nhiu trang web. Cc trang web cng sdng mt fuction th vic lu m JavaScript ra mt file ring l rtcn thitVit m JavaScript thnh file ring s tch phn ni dung (HTML)v hnh ng (JavaScript) Trang web d bo tr hnCc bc lu m JavaScript ra file bn ngoi

B1. To file txt miB2. Vit m JavaScript voB3. i tn file thnh jsB4. Gn a ch ca file cho thuc tnhCh : Nn file js v html cng mt th mc


Ni dung file myscript.js




}}




}}

Ni dung file HTML


Hien thi loi chao

var x = 1;ham(x);


Hien thi loi chao

var x = 1;ham(x);




}}

Hien thi loi chao

var x = 1;ham(x);

Hien thi loi chao

var x = 1;ham(x);




}}

Hien thi loi chao

var x = 1;ham(x);

Hien thi loi chao

var x = 1;ham(x);



}}

C rt nhiu IDE h tr cho vic vit code nhanh hnApacheVisual Studio

Visual Studio l cng c mnh m v d s dngVo trang http://www.microsoft.com/express/web ci t

IDE cho Javascript

C rt nhiu IDE h tr cho vic vit code nhanh hnApacheVisual Studio

Visual Studio l cng c mnh m v d s dngVo trang http://www.microsoft.com/express/web ci t


B1. Vo File New File to fileTo file HTML vit m


B2. Chn Web trong ca s CategoriesB3. Chn HTML page trong Templete

To file HTML vit m


B4. Chn File Save HTML Page1.html as lu file ny voth mc cn lu

To file HTML vit m


Lm tng t nh to file HTML nhng chn JScript File

Lu m JavaScript ra file ring


i vi website c nhiu trang. Nn to Project qun l cc fileB1. Chn New Web Site t menu File. Hp thoi New Website m raB2. Chn ASP.NET WebStie

Trong project, to cc file HTML v JS

To Project qun l file


Mi trang web gm 3 phn: Phn ni dung (HTML), phn trnhby (CSS) v phn hnh ng (CSS)JavaScript c pht trin bi Brendan Eich vo 1995-1996. utin c tn gi l LiveScript, nhng sau i tn thnhJavaScriptJavaScript c to ra vi mc ch x l pha clientJavaScript c c t bi ti liu ECMAScript (hay ECMA-262)Mi browser h tr ECMA khc nhau, nn iu quan trng nht khilp trnh JavasSript l chy n nh trn nhiu browserJava l ngn ng thng dch, n c thng dch bng browsernn khng cn bt c cng c lp trnh noVisual Studio l cng c mnh m v d s dng h tr vic vitm JavaScript nhanh hn, thun tin hn

Tng kt bi hc

Mi trang web gm 3 phn: Phn ni dung (HTML), phn trnhby (CSS) v phn hnh ng (CSS)JavaScript c pht trin bi Brendan Eich vo 1995-1996. utin c tn gi l LiveScript, nhng sau i tn thnhJavaScriptJavaScript c to ra vi mc ch x l pha clientJavaScript c c t bi ti liu ECMAScript (hay ECMA-262)Mi browser h tr ECMA khc nhau, nn iu quan trng nht khilp trnh JavasSript l chy n nh trn nhiu browserJava l ngn ng thng dch, n c thng dch bng browsernn khng cn bt c cng c lp trnh noVisual Studio l cng c mnh m v d s dng h tr vic vitm JavaScript nhanh hn, thun tin hn


Cng ging nh cc ngn ng khc, chng trnh JavaScript cto thnh bi cc cu lnh. Mi cu lnh gm cc t kha, bin,ton tM JavaScript c vit trong th script t trong th head hocth body ca trang web. Ngoi ra, m cng c th c ghi ra filebn ngoi trang htmlJavaScript cng c cc hm nh ngha sn (built-in) v cho phpngi dng t nh ngha cc hm ca ring mnh

Tng kt bi hc

Cng ging nh cc ngn ng khc, chng trnh JavaScript cto thnh bi cc cu lnh. Mi cu lnh gm cc t kha, bin,ton tM JavaScript c vit trong th script t trong th head hocth body ca trang web. Ngoi ra, m cng c th c ghi ra filebn ngoi trang htmlJavaScript cng c cc hm nh ngha sn (built-in) v cho phpngi dng t nh ngha cc hm ca ring mnh


1. Overview: JavaScript, Flash, Java, Silverlight and ActiveXTc gi: Liya KantorLink: http://javascript.info/tutorial/overview

Tham kho


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Làm quen với JavaScript