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CONCESSIVE CLAUSES

Optional fronting

THOUGH E.g.: Wealthy though he is, he is not happy. Although he

is wealthy, he is not happy.

AS

THAT

Obligatory fronting

THAT E.g.: Poor that they were, they gave money to charity

AS E.g.: Naked as I was, I braved the storm

WITH/WITHOUT E.g.: With a bank loan or without it, well buy

the house (Whether, no matter whether or not)

IF E.g.: Its possible, if difficult. (Verbless)

EXERCISES ON VOCABULARY

The first of tourist will start to across the world

An of locusts that give out of dry clickings

Visitors old fashioned enough to stand and look with their eyesare aside by the photographers

Those souls without a camera must step for those

more properly occupied, must wait till their take place, and

must time while whole coaches stop and

upon the landscape the Instamatic God.

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And the populations of whole countries what they can from the

cannibals

No stretch of rock has unless I am within it

It is a world of images as clichd as brochures, calculated to

envy in the bosoms of the

In the second when his target is clear of all others but

Gladys

And when all these elements have, for a precious moment, been

, click.

Of all right-thinking people, thus making protest impossible, or at

least .

A low murmur in fact, and delivered in a throw away,

manner to fool the poppee into further complacency

He can finish up no end of jobs.

Miles of walking, hours of and untold expense

I was to hear the words slipping easily off one small daughter

Books on Paris in the geographical section where like needles

School was where I went to my potential

That they would me for the rest of my life

Every poor grade, random sullen

My adolescent were a gift

The career chronicled by the Permanent Record Card was an

enduring

The vow that many marriages

Combining of money and time to produce domestic bliss

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Men devote more hours paid employment, women to

housework.

Wives over cash, chores, care and consideration

But deals are not set

One may well imagine the righteous indignation of the workers at

being turned into

When French husbands are off their wives do no less work

But this model of marriage is becoming

Because now vows can be broken cheaply and without

Leaving her with less conjugal

The rise of easier divorces

Drive the of slavery from our soil

Part of that of democracy that triumphed evil

After witnessing the and destruction, the dust and thetears, I supported this administrations to hunt

and root those who would innocents in the name

of intolerance

Thats what Im opposed to. A war. A war. A war

not based on reason but on passion, not in principle but on politics.

I suffer no illusions about Saddam Hussein. He is a brutal man. A

man. A man who his own people to secure his own

power.

He can be contained until in the way of all dictators, he falls

away the of history

The arms merchants in our own country stop feeding the countless

wars that across the globe

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The consequences of war are , the sacrifices immeasurable

To go round referring criminals as violent

You must refer them politely as

Some harmless old lady to death in order to rob her her

life-savings must never be given a dose of his own medicine

A wicked society evilor so the argument goes

Newspapers which specialize in crime-reporting enjoy enormous

circulations and the publishers of cops and robbers stories

The hardened criminal is and by the sociologists

Capital punishment used to be a major

Its always fashionable to pose as the defender of the so

long as you, personally, remain unaffected.

Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first

sentence.

I refuse to pay the bill

INTENTION

I have the bill.

He is too irresponsible to run the department.

CHARGE

He is not of the department.

Sheila is worried about the proposed changes at work.

PROSPECT

The worry.

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He continued his speech, even though they all appeared disinterested.

ON

He that they all appeared disinterested.

Sonias preference is for a nine-to-five job.

RATHER

Sonia from nine to five.

I will probably have to get my car serviced soon

NEED

My car soon.

It is believed that the two rival companies have agreed to the merger

THROUGH

The two rival companies the merger.

Nadia said nothing because she was afraid of offending them.

FEAR

Nadia remained silent offence

It was very nice of you to let us know about the change in venue.

APPRECIATE

We change.

He didnt have a clue what it would be like to live in the country.

ENVISAGE

He of town.

If you invest all your savings in this scheme you may lose them.

RISK

You run if you invest them in this scheme.

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I dont really want to go to the reception

FEEL

I to the reception.

I bet you wouldnt swim that far out!

DARE

I dont that far out!

When he locked the door, the telephone rang.

JUST

He the telephone ringing.