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УЧЕБНОЕ ПОСОБИЕ ДЛЯ БАКАЛАВРОВ
LLEEGGAALL EENNGGLLIISSHH::VVIISSUUAALL RREEFFEERREENNCCEE
MMAATTEERRIIAALLSSААННГГЛЛИИЙЙССККИИЙЙ ЯЯЗЗЫЫКК
ДДЛЛЯЯ ЮЮРРИИССТТООВВ::ддооппооллннииттееллььнныыее ммааттееррииааллыы кк ууччееббннииккуу
““LLeeggaall EEnngglliisshh:: QQuuiicckk OOvveerrvviieeww::ААннггллииййссккиийй яяззыыкк вв ссффееррее
ююррииссппррууддееннццииии””
РИСУНКИ,СХЕМЫ,
ТАБЛИЦЫ
ИНОСТРАННЫЙ ЯЗЫК В СФЕРЕ ЮРИСПРУДЕНЦИИ
LEGAL ENGLISH:VISUAL REFERENCE
MATERIALS
АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫКДЛЯ ЮРИСТОВ:
РИСУНКИ, СХЕМЫ, ТАБЛИЦЫ
дополнительные материалы к учебнику“Legal English: Quick Overview:
Английский язык в сфере юриспруденции”
Учебное пособие
ОРЕНБУРГ – 2017
2
УДК 811.11(07)ББК 81(Англ)я73А64
Рекомендовано редакционно-издательским советомОренбургского института (филиала)
Московского государственного юридического университетаимени О.Е. Кутафина (МГЮА)
А64Legal English: Visual Reference Materials: Английский языкдля юристов: рисунки, схемы, таблицы. /Дополнительныематериалы к учебнику “Legal English: Quick Overview: Анг-лийский язык в сфере юриспруденции”. Автор-составитель:Попов Е.Б.– Оренбург: Оренбургский институт (филиал) Уни-верситета имени О.Е. Кутафина (МГЮА), 2017.– 76 с.
Учебное пособие предназначается для студентов, обучающихся по на-правлению подготовки «Юриспруденция», уровень подготовки: бакалавр. По-собие содержит дополнительные материалы по всем тематическим блокам ба-зового учебника «Legal English: Quick Overview: Английский язык в сфереюриспруденции» (Авторы: Е.Б. Попов, Е.М. Феоктистова, Г.Р. Халюшева).
УДК 811.11(07)ББК 81(Англ)я73
© Попов Е.Б., 2017
3
CONTENTSINTRODUCTION ……………………………………………………………......UNIT 1. Form of Government
Political System in the UK ……………………………………………........3 Branches of U.S. Government …………………………………….........Government of the United States …………………………………….......US Federal Government of Checks and Balances ………………........
UNIT 2. Law and Its SourcesOverview of Sources of Law in the UK …………………………….........Legislative Process in the UK ………………………………………..........Precedent ………………………………………………………………….......Sources of Law in the USA …………………………………………….......Hierarchy of Law in the USA ………………………………………...…....How to Read Citations ………………………………………………….......
UNIT 3. Civil LawCivil and Criminal Branches of Law ……………………….............…..Stages in Civil Procedure ………………………………………................Proceedings during Civil Trial ……………………………….............…..Judicial Remedies ……………………………………………..............……
UNIT 4. Law of PropertyForms of Intellectual Property ……………………………........…….......
UNIT 5. Family LawAdvantages and Disadvantages of Basic Family Structures …........Main Areas of Family Law .............................................................Comparison between Divorce and Annulment ……………................
UNIT 6. Contract LawGetting to Contract ………………………………………………...............Validity of Agreements …………………………………………….............How Are Contracts Classified …………………………………...............General Patterns of Effects of Incapacity on Agreements ................Classifications Based on Contract Formation ………………..............Enforceable, Voidable, Unenforceable, and Void Contracts ............Contract Legality ...........................................................................Causes of Contract Discharge …………………………………...............
UNIT 7. Company LawMajor Forms of Business Compared …………………………...............Benefits and Drawbacks of Different Types of Business Entities ....How Do Stocks and Bonds Differ ……………………………….............Types of Stocks ……………………………………………………..............Checklist: Starting a Corporation ……………………………................Management Structure of Corporations ……………………................Management Structure of Typical Publicly Held Corporation .........Enterprise Organizational Chart ………………………………..............
UNIT 8. Criminal LawCriminal Liability …………………………………………………...............Elements of Accomplice …………………………………………...............
5
6678
91011121314
16161819
20
212223
2425262627272728
2930303132333333
3435
4
Elements of Bad Result Crimes .....................................................Classification of Mental States …………………………………..............Charge and Bail ............................................................................Typical Steps in a Criminal Prosecution ……………………...............
UNIT 9. PunishmentAims of Sentencing ………………………………………………...............Sentencing Powers of Courts …………………………………….............Sentencing Continuum …………………………………………………......
UNIT 10. Law of TortsClassification of Torts …………………………………………..................Tort Law Defences ………………………………………………................
UNIT 11. Evidence and InvestigationEvidentiary Standards of Proof: Degrees of Certainty …..................Types of Evidence Collected During an Investigative Process …......Suspect and Vehicle Description Sheet …………………….................Investigative Process ……………………………………………................Generic Reactive Investigation ……………………………....................
UNIT 12. JudiciaryCriminal Law vs. Civil Law ……………………………..........................Steps in a Civil Case – Jury Trial ……………………………................Trial Objections ……………………………..........................................Steps in a Civil Case – After Trial ……………………………................Trial and Sentencing ……………………………...................................Qualifications for Jury Service (UK) ……………………………............In the Court Room ………………………..……………………………........Court Structure in the UК ……………………………..........................Structure of Courts in England and Wales ……………………...........The UK Judiciary: Selection and Appointment ………………............Inferior and Senior Judges in England and Wales ……………..........Structure of Federal Court System in the USA ………………….........Examples of Jurisdiction in the US Federal and State Courts ........How the US Supreme Court Works ………………………………..........Typical State Court System (US) …………………………….................Arizona State Court System ……………………………........................Juror Qualifications and Terms of Jury Service (US) ………….........
UNIT 13. Legal ProfessionRoutes to Becoming a Solicitor or Barrister ……………………..........Chart Comparing Solicitors and Barristers (England and Wales)Best Law Schools in the USA (Ranked in 2017) ………………….......How to Become an Attorney ……………………………........................Types of Professional Misconduct of Lawyers ……………………........
UNIT 14. Labor RelationsSources and Terms of the Contract of Employment ……………........Family Leave (Canada) ……………………………................................Brief Overview of the Different Rules on Dismissals (Denmark) …....Reasons Why a Person May Have Been Dismissed …………….........
Major Data Sources ………………………………………………………........
35363738
393940
4142
4344454647
4849505152535455565758596061626364
6566676869
7071727374
5
INTRODUCTION
Учебное пособие предназнача-ется для студентов, обучающихся понаправлению подготовки «Юриспру-денция», уровень подготовки: бака-лавр. Пособие содержит дополни-тельные материалы по всем темати-ческим блокам базового учебника“Legal English: Quick Overview”: «Анг-лийский язык в сфере юриспруден-ции» (Авторы: Е.Б. Попов, Е.М. Фе-октистова, Г.Р. Халюшева): формагосударственного устройства, правои его источники, гражданское право,право собственности, семейное пра-во, договорное право, законодатель-ство о компаниях, уголовное право,уголовное наказание, деликтное пра-во, расследование и доказывание, су-дебная система, юридическая про-фессия, трудовые отношения.
Образовательные тексты, пред-ставленные в учебном пособии, при-званы помочь студентам не только
овладеть ключевыми понятиями икатегориями, сложившимися в анг-лоязычной правовой культуре, но иусовершенствовать навыки обра-ботки профессионально значимойинформации на английском языке,представленной в таблицах, схемахи рисунках.
Дополнительные материалы по-добраны из различных англоязыч-ных печатных и электронных ис-точников с целью создания у сту-дентов бакалавриата, изучающихиностранный язык, целостной и бо-лее полной картины правовой дей-ствительности в странах изучаемогоязыка. Основные источники инфор-мации, использованные при созда-нии данного учебного пособия, ука-заны в виде ссылок на стр. 74.
6
Political System in the UK1
3 Branches of U.S. Government2
The House of Commons(about 650 MPs)
Primary RoleCreates/Designs Laws
Scrutinizes/Approves LawsRepresents
The Will of the People
HM Government(20-25 Members)
Primary RolePuts forward LawsRuns Government
RepresentsThe Will of the Majority
The Monarch
Primary RoleRepresents the UKSigns Bills into Law
RepresentsCeremony/Tradition
The House of Lords(about 800 Members)
Primary RoleScrutinizes/Approves Laws
Acts as a SafeguardRepresents
The Unwritten Constitution
The UK Courts of Law
Primary RoleUpholds the Law
RepresentsThe Rule of Law
Elected Legislature & The Executive
The Crown
Appointed Legislature Judiciary
The LargestParty
then Forms:
7
department – министерствоindependent establishment – отдельное ведомствоgovernment corporation – государственное акционерное обществоboard – совет, управлениеfoundation – фонд
THE US CONSTITUTION
Executive Branch:the President andthe Vice President
- Department of Agriculture- Department of Commerce- Department of Defense- Department of Education- Department of Energy- Department of Health andHuman Services- Department of HomelandSecurity- Department of Housing andUrban Development- Department of Justice- Department of Labor- Department of State- Department of the Interior- Department ofTransportation- Department of Treasury- Department of VeteransAffairs
- Broadcasting Board of Governors- Central Intelligence Agency- Consumer Product Safety Commission- Corporation for National and Communi-
ty Service- Environmental Protection Agency- Equal Employment Opportunity Com-
mission- Federal Election Commission- Federal Labor Relations Authority- Federal Maritime Commission- Federal Mediation and Conciliation Ser-
vice- Federal Reserve System- National Aeronautics and Space Admin-
istration
Government of the United States3
- National Foundation of the Arts andthe Humanities
- National Labor Relations Board- National Railroad Passenger Corpora-
tion (Amtrak)- National Science Foundation- National Transportation Safety Board- Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation- Postal Rate Commission- Securities and Exchange Commission- Small Business Administration- U.S. Agency for International Devel-
opment- U.S. Commission on Civil Rights- U.S. International Trade Commission- U.S. Postal Service
Independent Establishments and Government Corporations
7
department – министерствоindependent establishment – отдельное ведомствоgovernment corporation – государственное акционерное обществоboard – совет, управлениеfoundation – фонд
THE US CONSTITUTION
- Department of Agriculture- Department of Commerce- Department of Defense- Department of Education- Department of Energy- Department of Health andHuman Services- Department of HomelandSecurity- Department of Housing andUrban Development- Department of Justice- Department of Labor- Department of State- Department of the Interior- Department ofTransportation- Department of Treasury- Department of VeteransAffairs
LegislativeBranch:
the Congress
Senate
House
Judicial Branch:the Supreme Court
- U.S. Court of Appeals- U.S. District Courts- U.S. Claims Court- U.S. Court ofInternational Trade- U.S. Tax Court- Territorial Courts- Administrative Ofice ofthe U.S. Courts- Federal Judicial Courts- U.S. SentencingCommission
- Broadcasting Board of Governors- Central Intelligence Agency- Consumer Product Safety Commission- Corporation for National and Communi-
ty Service- Environmental Protection Agency- Equal Employment Opportunity Com-
mission- Federal Election Commission- Federal Labor Relations Authority- Federal Maritime Commission- Federal Mediation and Conciliation Ser-
vice- Federal Reserve System- National Aeronautics and Space Admin-
istration
Government of the United States3
- National Foundation of the Arts andthe Humanities
- National Labor Relations Board- National Railroad Passenger Corpora-
tion (Amtrak)- National Science Foundation- National Transportation Safety Board- Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation- Postal Rate Commission- Securities and Exchange Commission- Small Business Administration- U.S. Agency for International Devel-
opment- U.S. Commission on Civil Rights- U.S. International Trade Commission- U.S. Postal Service
Independent Establishments and Government Corporations
7
department – министерствоindependent establishment – отдельное ведомствоgovernment corporation – государственное акционерное обществоboard – совет, управлениеfoundation – фонд
Judicial Branch:the Supreme Court
- U.S. Court of Appeals- U.S. District Courts- U.S. Claims Court- U.S. Court ofInternational Trade- U.S. Tax Court- Territorial Courts- Administrative Ofice ofthe U.S. Courts- Federal Judicial Courts- U.S. SentencingCommission
- Broadcasting Board of Governors- Central Intelligence Agency- Consumer Product Safety Commission- Corporation for National and Communi-
ty Service- Environmental Protection Agency- Equal Employment Opportunity Com-
mission- Federal Election Commission- Federal Labor Relations Authority- Federal Maritime Commission- Federal Mediation and Conciliation Ser-
vice- Federal Reserve System- National Aeronautics and Space Admin-
istration
Government of the United States3
- National Foundation of the Arts andthe Humanities
- National Labor Relations Board- National Railroad Passenger Corpora-
tion (Amtrak)- National Science Foundation- National Transportation Safety Board- Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation- Postal Rate Commission- Securities and Exchange Commission- Small Business Administration- U.S. Agency for International Devel-
opment- U.S. Commission on Civil Rights- U.S. International Trade Commission- U.S. Postal Service
Independent Establishments and Government Corporations
8
The
Con
stit
uti
on e
stab
lish
ed a
fed
eral
gov
ern
men
t of
ch
ecks
an
d ba
lan
ces.
Con
gres
s m
ay p
ass
stat
ute
s; t
he
Pres
iden
t m
ay
veto
th
em;
and
Con
gres
s m
ay
over
ride
th
e ve
to.
The
Pres
iden
t n
omin
ates
ca
bin
et
offic
ers,
adm
inis
trat
ive
hea
ds, a
nd
Su
prem
e C
ourt
just
ices
, bu
t th
e Se
nat
e m
ust
con
firm
his
nom
inee
s. F
inal
ly, t
he
Su
prem
eC
ourt
an
d lo
wer
fede
ral c
ourt
s ex
erci
se ju
dici
al r
evie
w o
ver
stat
ute
s an
d ex
ecu
tive
act
ion
s.
US
Fede
ral G
over
nmen
t of
Che
cks
and
Bala
nces
4
9
Ove
rvie
w o
f So
urce
s of
Law
in t
he U
K5
prim
ary
legi
slat
ion
–пе
рвич
ное
зако
нода
тель
ство
(зак
онод
ател
ьны
е ак
ты,
прин
имае
мы
е не
поср
едст
венн
о па
рлам
ен-
том
в ф
орм
е ст
атут
ов;
в от
личи
е от
зак
онод
ател
ьны
х ак
тов,
прин
имае
мы
х др
угим
и ор
гана
ми,
кот
оры
м п
арла
-м
ент
деле
гиру
ет п
раво
при
ним
ать
норм
атив
ные
акты
)se
con
dary
leg
isla
tion
–вт
орич
ное
зако
нода
тель
ство
(за
коно
дате
льны
е ак
ты,
прин
имае
мы
е не
пар
лам
енто
м,
а ор
га-
нам
и за
коно
дате
льно
й вл
асти
мен
ьшег
о зн
ачен
ия,
или
орга
нам
и ис
полн
ител
ьной
вла
сти,
кот
оры
м п
арла
мен
тде
леги
рует
пра
во п
рини
мат
ь но
рмат
ивны
е ак
ты)
5. E
urop
ean
Uni
on L
aw:
Wh
en t
he U
K w
as a
par
tof
th
e E
U t
he E
uro
pean
inst
itu
tion
s se
rved
as
anim
port
ant
sou
rce
of la
ws
for
the
UK
in c
erta
in, d
e-fin
ed a
reas
1. P
rim
ary
Legi
slat
ion:
Als
o kn
own
as
stat
ute
,pr
imar
y le
gisl
atio
n is
enac
ted
by P
arlia
men
t
2. S
econ
dary
Leg
isla
tion
:A
lso
know
n a
s de
lega
ted
leg-
isla
tion
; th
is is
mad
e by
abo
dy o
ther
th
an P
arlia
men
t,bu
t u
nde
r Pa
rlia
men
t’s a
u-
thor
ity.
It
nor
mal
ly t
akes
thre
e fo
rms:
Byl
aws,
Sta
tu-
tory
In
stru
men
ts a
nd
Ord
ers
in C
oun
cil
3. C
ase
Law
: Als
o co
mm
only
know
n a
s ‘ju
dge-
mad
e’ la
w, a
sit
com
es fr
omde
cisi
ons
mad
eby
th
e co
urt
s. W
her
e ca
se la
wan
d le
gisl
atio
n c
onfli
ct, l
egis
la-
tion
will
tak
e pr
imac
y4.
Cus
tom
: Aso
urc
e of
law
th
at is
now
of l
ittl
em
oder
n s
ign
ifica
nce
Онлайн-доступ к полной версии данной книги предос-тавляется по электронному адресу:
http://znanium.com/catalog.php?bookinfo=923811(ЭБС znanium.com)
76
Учебное издание
Legal English:Visual Reference MaterialsАнглийский язык для юристов:
рисунки, схемы, таблицы.
Дополнительные материалык учебнику “Legal English: Quick Overview:
Английский язык в сфере юриспруденции”.
Автор-составитель: Е.Б. Попов
Учебное пособие
Подписано в печать 10.05.17. Формат 60Х84/8. Объём 5 фпл. Тираж 100 экз.