ABSTRAK

DAFTAR ISI

DAFTAR GAMBAR

DAFTAR TABEL

1. PENDAHULUAN1.1. Latar Belakang

1.2. Rumusan Masalah

1.3. Tujuan Penulisan

1.4. Manfaat Sistem

2. TINJAUAN PUSTAKA2.1. Book Flipping ScanningThere is a growing demand for camera-based document analysis and recognition. Book digitization, a relatively new application of camera-based document capturing which images all of the pages in a book, has a rapidly expanding market globally and is attracting various types of potential users, including libraries, corporations, and general users of books, official documents, and notes. However, the conventional technology cannot meet the demands for ease-of-use and high-speed book digitization.One emerging solution that meets these demands is Book Flipping Scanning. Book Flipping Scanning is a new style of book digitization to overcome the speed of book scanning. In this technique, all pages of a book are captured while a user continuously flips through the pages without stopping on each page. We propose multiple types of systems for various use cases.

2.2. BFS-Auto: High Speed & High Definition Book ScannerBFS-Auto can achieve high-speed and high-definition book digitization at over 250 pages/min using the original media format. This performance is realized by three key points: high-speed fully-automated page flipping, real-time 3D recognition of the flipped pages, and high-accuracy restoration to a flat document image.1. High-speed page flipping machine at 250 pages/minThe automated flipping machine can provide high-speed and labor-saving style of book digitization. The key point is to design the mechanism not to cause obstruction for the scanner while maintaining full speed. The developed system can flip and scan the book at over 250 pages/min without modifying the book by cutting. Therefore, we can finish a book (250 page) within a minute.2. High-speed & high-definition book digitization based on real-time 3D recognitionOur system continuously observes 3D deformation of the each flipped page at 500 times per second, and recognizes the best moment for book image digitization at the highest quality using the newly constructed original algorithm in real-time. At this recognized moment, the high-definition camera captures the document so that both high-speed and high-definition performance all is realized. The definition performance is enhanced to 400 pixels per inch. This technology enables high-speed and high-definition digitization with the speed of the developed flipping machine without missing any pages.3. Real-time 3D restoration to a flat document imageThis system has a technology to restore a captured image which is distorted because of page curling to a flat original document image by using the captured image and the obtained 3D deformation. This system's new improvement to processing speed allows real-time restoration for capturing books. In the diagram at the left, before and after images show the restoration process.

2.3. BFS-Solo: High Speed Book Digitalization using Monocular VideoBFS-Solo enables high-speed book digitization using monocular video captured while the paper is deformed.Our original methodcan reconstruct the 3D deformation and restore a flat document image by taking into account the physical constraints on deformation for a sheet of paper from the monocular image sequence. This system allows flexibility of configuration for high-speed book digitization, anywhere and anytime. BFS-Solo is designed for a simple and convenient style of book digitization for personal use, and the design concept is different fromBFS-Autowhich is an automatic and high-performance system for professional use. The principle introduced in this system is totally different from the BFS-Auto principle. Toward the practical use, BFS-Solo is planned to be designed to be used under the copyright law.

2.4. Automatic page turner machine for Book Flipping ScanningIn recent years, there has been an increasing demand to digitize a huge number of books. In order to meet this demand, a new promising approach called Book Flipping Scanning has been proposed. This is a new style of scanning in which all pages of a book are captured while a user continuously flips through the pages without stopping at each page. Although this new technology has had a tremendous impact in the field of book digitization, the page turner is done by human hand. This point causes a bottleneck in the development of the high-speed book digitization. Based on this background, we propose a newly designed high-speed and precise book page turner machine.Our machine transfers paper in contactless by utilizing the elastic force of the paper and the air blow. This design enables high-speed performance that is ten times faster than the conventional ones. In addition this configuration is unobstructed for the digitization. We evaluated the proposed machine performance using various papers with different qualities.The results show that our machine achieved almost 100% success rate of turning pages at around 300 pages/min and was promising for the high-speed and precise book page turner.

2.5. Digitalization of Deformed Documents using a High-speed Multi-camera ArrayDigitization of documents recently has become an important technology. However, it is difficult for existing scanners to read books at high speed and at high resolution simultaneously. In order to realize a promising new book scanning system, we aimed to scan a book containing many pages by using multiple high-speed cameras to acquire images while continuously flipping through the pages, then integrating the images viewed by different cameras to digitize all of the pages. However, high-accuracy integration with the non-uniform rectification required for such input images is a challenging task because the sheets of the document are deformed and the image resolution is so high that misalignment can easily occur.This research proposes a new multi-camera-array book scanning system and a method of achieving high-accuracy three-dimensional deformation estimation and high-resolution rectification of the distorted document images with a system configuration in which multiple high-speed cameras are arranged with small overlapping captured areas. Experiments using the developed system showed that highaccuracy document images were reconstructed.

Left: developed system, Center: observed images, Right: integrated & rectified image

2.6. Proof-of-concept prototype for Book Flipping ScanningDigitalization of documents has become an important technology. The technical challenge is to realize an easy-to-use, simple, and high-speed scanning system. The key point is how the system can decrease the user's workload when scanning document information on many pages.OurBook Flipping Scanningis a new method of scanning large stacks of paper while the user performs a continuous page flipping action.Here we report the core of this proposed technology, which is simultaneous sensing of 3D paper deformation and the information printed on the pages. Our prototype also has a novel function of reconstructing the document image from a distorted one based on a paper deformation model.

2.7. Estimation of Non-rigid Surface Deformation using Developable Surface ModelThere is a strong demand for a method of acquiring a non-rigid shape under deformation with high accuracy and high resolution. However, this is difficult to achieve because of performance limitations in measurement hardware.We propose a modelbased method for estimating non-rigid deformation of a developable surface. The model is based on geometric characteristics of the surface, which are important in various applications. This method improves the accuracy of surface estimation and planar development from a low-resolution point cloud. Experiments using curved documents showed the effectiveness of the proposed method.

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3. METODOLOGI PENULISAN3.1. Tahapan Penulisana. Studi Literaturb. Pengumpulan Data Ujic. Implementasi Programd. Evaluasi dan Analisa Hasil3.2. Data Percobaan3.3. Rancangan Sistem

4. HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN

5. KESIMPULAN

6. DAFTAR PUSTAKA