March5 2009-workshop-slides

Home Heating Workshop

Agenda

6:30 Introduction/Purpose…………………5 min……...Alan Gibson6:35 Energy Design ……………………...15min…..….Jeremy Neven6:55 Solar Thermal…………….………….40min……...Rick Rooney

Break……..…………15 min……

7:45 Geothermal…………….…………40 min…………Michael Tiffe8:25 Closing……………………………..5 min ………....Alan Gibson8:30 Networking………………………..30 min

Purpose

To provide more indepth knowledge of solar thermal and geothermal renewable clean technologies and the process to implement that will support participant home heating project actions To provide points of contact and resource assistance to participants post workshop

Technical HOW TO Workshops -Outline-

Follow - up HOW TO workshops focused on :

Home Heating : March 5 from 6:30-8:30 at SLC – Rm 01040

Home Power : March 9 at SLC from 6:30-8:30 in Rm 01040

Biomass and Conservation : March 10 from 6:30- 8:30 in Rm 01040

You will be able to :decide which system(s) is best for your purposes

compare costs and understand more on grants

evaluate whether you want to do it yourself or

Interact one on one with qualified contractors and how to proceed with your project

Energy Efficient Design

Introduction

Building Programs & Grants

All programs and grants reward energy efficient products.

Comfort & Code ComplianceoOccupant Expectations

oSystem controloBudgetoHealth IssuesoCompeting Equipment

oCode requirementsoOBC – Part 12oEnerGuide 80oHome rating oTSSAoElectrical safetyoEnvironmental impacts

Workshop outline

Workshop outline

Einstein’s description of insanity…

“Doing the same thing over and over and expecting different results.”

Organizing your build / reno

Understanding your design criteria

Grants & Programs

Site selection

1. Passive solar angles2. System solar gains3. Shadowing4. Easements5. Surface water run off6. Rain water catchment7. Setbacks8. Special Considerations9. Neighbors

OrientationHouse orientation can cut A/C loads by more then 1 ton in some cases.

Facing your house in the right direction allows for other systems to take full advantage of optimum sun angles.

Structural1. Solar optimization

1. Roof size2. Roof pitch3. Mass4. Overhang

2. Structural loading1. Additional weight applied by systems on the structure2. Wind loading

3. Additional Considerations1. Tower supports2. Energy storage

Heating Systems

Should be the most efficient system

Continues to consume year after year

Needs to be designed to use energy efficiently

Integrate other systems in the design phase

Cooling Systems

1. Normally the largest electrical draw

2. Typically uses compressors to remove heat1. True of most Geothermal and air source heat pumps as well

3. Previous considerations should be used to reduce the building loads

4. Are there natural elements that can accomplish all or part

VentilationSeparate from

EXHAUSTHUMIDIFICATIONDEHUMIDIFICATIONFILTRATION

Required for the health of the home and occupants

•Negative Pressure•Positive Pressure•HRV

System Integration

PROPER DESIGN

Many considerations prior to the start of any projectMake sure the project “fits you”Know who your dealing with and their qualificationsMake sure all systems compliment each other

Solar Thermal WORKSHOP

Workshop outline

Introduction

Technology Overview

Case Study

Questions and Follow-up

Who we are•Kingston Based Company

•We design, install, and service all types of Solar Thermal, PV, and Wind power systems

•To Date we have designed and installed over 550 solar thermal collectors

Solar Energy

Two types of Solar Energy: Light and HeatTwo types of Solar Energy: Light and Heat

PV (Solar Electric) uses the photovoltaic effect (discovered PV (Solar Electric) uses the photovoltaic effect (discovered 1839) to change 1839) to change solar energysolar energy into electricity (10into electricity (10--15% 15% efficient)efficient)

Solar Thermal captures the Solar Thermal captures the solar heat energysolar heat energy for water for water or space heating (50or space heating (50--85% efficient)85% efficient)

Solar Trends

••Solar power world wide has grown over 40% per year Solar power world wide has grown over 40% per year for the last 6 yearsfor the last 6 years

••Technology is advancing and the price per Technology is advancing and the price per KwKw to to produce energy by solar is droppingproduce energy by solar is dropping

••An aging conventional electricity industry coupled An aging conventional electricity industry coupled with growing air quality with growing air quality concerns is driving growth in solar power.concerns is driving growth in solar power.

••Rising fuel prices are making solar competitiveRising fuel prices are making solar competitive

Solar Thermal : Types

••SDHW = Solar Domestic Hot WaterSDHW = Solar Domestic Hot Water

••CombiCombi Systems= SDHW and space heatingSystems= SDHW and space heating

••Solar Air Heating SystemsSolar Air Heating Systems

••Solar Pool Heating SystemsSolar Pool Heating Systems


SOLAR SUPPLYSOLAR SUPPLY

HEATING

LOAD

Jan

Mar

Jun Sept

Dec

DHW

LOAD

COOLING LOAD

Solar Domestic Hot Water

SDHW

SDHW

2 Types: 2 Types:

1.1. Flat Plate = 4Flat Plate = 4’’ x 8x 8’’ glazed collector glazed collector

2.2. Evacuated Tube= Header with a series of evacuated Evacuated Tube= Header with a series of evacuated tube collectorstube collectors

SDHW : Flat Plate

SDHW : Flat Plate

1. Frame 2. Seal 3. Tempered Glass 4. Frame – side-wall

profile 5. Thermal insulation 6. Copper sheet

absorber 7. Fluid channel 8. Fixing slot 9. Rear wall

SDHW : Evacuated Tube

SDHW : Evacuated Tube

SDHW Efficiency

SDHW

2 Types: Which One Is Best????2 Types: Which One Is Best????

SDHW

2 Types: Which One Is Best????2 Types: Which One Is Best????

Generally Evacuated tubes are chosen if winter space Generally Evacuated tubes are chosen if winter space heating is desired. For straight SDHW it is a toss up.heating is desired. For straight SDHW it is a toss up.

SDHW: Flat Plate= 16.7% ROI

SDHW:Evacuated Tubes=17%ROI

SDHW : Types

Things to consider:Things to consider:

1.1. Aesthetics of the systemAesthetics of the system2.2. Space on roofSpace on roof3.3. Direction of roof faceDirection of roof face4.4. Potential shadingPotential shading5.5. Storage tank spaceStorage tank space6.6. Pipe run locationPipe run location

SDHW and Heating combi systems

•2 typical types are Flat Plate and Evacuated Tube systems

SDHW and Heating combi systems

•SDHW with Space heating and pool heating


SOLAR SUPPLYSOLAR SUPPLY

HEATING

LOAD

Jan

Mar

Jun Sept

Dec

DHW

LOAD

Solar Pool Heating systems

•Polypropylene Rubber Collectors


•Polypropylene Rubber Collectors


Solar Air Heating systems

Solar Air Heating

Maintenance Requirements

•SDHW systems need a glycol test every 3 years, may need to be replaced at a cost of $100- 150 for the visit

•Pool systems will require proper draining every fall. This may require an annual service visit if roof draining is required

Current Incentives

Residential:•EcoEnergy for Homes will pay $1000 for SDHW system•PST rebate on the purchase of any solar thermal system•Renovation tax credit of 15% (after first $1000) up to a total of $1000•Utilities Kingston SDHW rental program

Commercial:•EcoEnergy for Heat will pay roughly 35 – 55% of a solar thermal system to a maximum of $80,000 per project

Case Study: 2 Panel SDHW

Case Study

••22-- 4 X 8 panels captures approximately 3900 Kilowatt hours of ther4 X 8 panels captures approximately 3900 Kilowatt hours of thermal mal energy per year energy per year

••At 11 cents per kWh for electricityAt 11 cents per kWh for electricityAnnual savings = Annual savings = $427 per year$427 per year

Initial investment = Initial investment = $6350$6350Rebates available = Rebates available = $$1000 1000 EcoEnergyEcoEnergy = OSTHI= OSTHI

$772.50 tax refund$772.50 tax refund$193.73 PST rebate$193.73 PST rebate

Total out of pocket cost=Total out of pocket cost= $4357.00$4357.00

••Return on investment = Return on investment = 16.7%16.7%••Payback periodPayback period = 7.4 years= 7.4 years

Case Study

Case Study 2

8 panel pool system offsetting natural gas heated pool

Case Study

••88-- 4 X 10 pool panels captures approximately 9510 Kilowatt hours o4 X 10 pool panels captures approximately 9510 Kilowatt hours of f thermal energy per year thermal energy per year

••At 48 cents per cubic meter for gasAt 48 cents per cubic meter for gasAnnual savings = Annual savings = $763 per year$763 per year

Initial investment = Initial investment = $4900$4900Rebates available = Rebates available = $585.00 tax refund$585.00 tax refund

$147.00 PST rebate$147.00 PST rebateTotal out of pocket cost=Total out of pocket cost= $4168.00$4168.00


Case Study 2

Case Study: Solar Air Heating

Case Study

••11-- 4 X 8 Solar 4 X 8 Solar SheatSheat panels captures approximately 2500 Kilowatt hours panels captures approximately 2500 Kilowatt hours of thermal energy per year of thermal energy per year

••At 48 cents per cubic meter for gasAt 48 cents per cubic meter for gasAnnual savings = Annual savings = $200 per year$200 per year

Initial investment = Initial investment = $2450$2450Rebates available = Rebates available = $217.50 tax refund$217.50 tax refund

$73.50 PST rebate$73.50 PST rebateTotal out of pocket cost=Total out of pocket cost= $2159$2159


CONCLUDING REMARKS:

Solar Thermal is the most cost effective renewable energy systems available to the residential consumer.Solar thermal systems are cost effective with returns on investment of over 10%Of the solar thermal technologies pool heating has the best payback

GEOTHERMAL WORKSHOP

Workshop outline

Introduction

Technology (available systems)

Installation Issues

Cost Calculations & Financial Projections

Getting Your Project Done

Case Study

Questions and Follow-up

Geo-Thermal or Geo-Exchange?Geo-exchange systems refer to heat pump systems

connected to the earth to provide a source for energyDate as far back as 1912Gained significant market acceptance in the 1970’sThe 1980’s saw large uptake in installations and presently

the new grants available have seen a resurrection in popularity. The technology transfers heat from or to the earth/water to

provide space conditioning at greater efficiencies than a conventional systemMaybe renewable maybe not

Benefits Of Geo-exchange

Low Life Cycle CostLower operating and maintenance costsImproved comfortSmall equipment size (physical) Improved aesthetic design (no visible outdoor equipment

or visible wall penetrations)No noisy outdoor fan, more peaceful backyardProtected from vandalismIncreased equipment life spanHeating can be up to 400% efficientCooling can be up to 300% efficient

Disadvantages Of Geo-exchange

Higher initial installation costLower supply air temperaturesIncreased airflow requirementsLandscaping costsPossible backup system neededCirculating anti-freeze solution

Available Systems

•GCHP – Ground coupled Heat Pump•is where the heat pump cycle is direct linked to a closed ground heat exchanger buried in the soil.

•GWHP- Ground Water Heat Pump•where one of the heat exchangers is water cooled and the water is pumped from/to wells within the earth via open or closed pumping.

•SWHP – Surface Water Heat Pump•is where one of the heat exchangers is water cooled and the water is either closed loop or open loop pumped to/from a surface water body.

•GHP- Geothermal Heat Pump•is a widely used term which could reference any of the above or the water flow through buried loops.

Open vs Closed Loop•Open Systems

Usually utilize surface water bodies or well water fieldsMore dependent on climate as water temperatures fluctuate to a higher degree Potential for contamination

•Closed Loop Systems

Greater flexibility in usageUsually have higher pumps requirementsAnti-freeze is usually requiredMore stable loop temperature with some designs

Open Loop

•AdvantagesInstallation costs are less than closed loopPumping costs are typically less

•DisadvantagesTypically limited to smaller systemsClimate conditions can limit usageEnvironmental issuesFouling is a large maintenance issue

Closed Loop - Vertical

•AdvantagesRequires the least amount of landLease amount of total pipingCan require the least amount of pumping energy

•DisadvantagesDrilling costs are highBack filling requires special material & skillPotential for heat build-up

Closed Loop - Horizontal

•AdvantagesTrenching costs are less than drilling costsHeat build up is not as sensitive as vertical loop

•DisadvantagesRequires more landGreater ground temperature varianceTypically more piping is requiredGreater risk of piping damage during backfilling

Closed Loop – Slinky/Spiral

•AdvantagesRequires less land & trenching than horizontalLess installed cost than horizontal

•DisadvantagesStill requires more land than vertical loopsRequires more piping than horizontal & vertical loopsTypically higher pumping requirements

J F M A M J J A J F M A M J J A S O N DS O N DMonthMonth

Day of the YearDay of the Year

3232

4242

5252

6262

7272

8282

9292

00 4040 8080 120120 160160 200200 240240 280280 320320 360360

Ground SurfaceGround Surface2 FT2 FT5 FT5 FT

12 FT12 FT

Tem

pera

ture

( F)

Tem

pera

ture

( F)

Und

istu

rbed

Gro

und

Und

istu

rbed

Gro

und

Ground Temperature

Green Line = Outside Air Temp

Installation Issues

•Vertical? Horizontal? Surface Water?

•How much space is required?•Ground Properties

•Soil/rock type•Ground water

•Heat exchanger Design?•Piping/borehole layout•Heat transfer fluid?

•Bore Hole Drilling•Noise•Cleanup•Access

Installation Issues

•Finishing•Foundation drilling•Trenching•Backfill•Grouting•Landscaping•Equipment commissioning

Installation Issues

•Building Code•Permit? •Local Bylaws?•Drawings?

•Inspection of Work•Certificate of Installation•CSA C448 Standard

Operating Costs

Compared to the same output gas fired heating system, the cost of operation might be reduced by 66%

Government Incentives

•Federal•EcoEnergy Retrofit•Up to $3500 for Earth energy systems (CSA-C448 compliant)•Must have EcoEnergy audit performed•www.ecoaction.gc.ca

•Provincial•Ontario Home Energy Retrofit program•Matches EcoEnergy grants•http://www.homeenergyontario.ca/

http://www.ecoaction.gc.ca/

http://www.homeenergyontario.ca/

Cost Calculations•Vertical Drilling

•$15-$20 per foot•Depth 200 to 300 feet•5 or 6 holes required

•Horizontal Trenching• 1200-1600 feet of piping• 5-6 feet deep• 2 foot wide• 600- 800 foot trench• $2-$3 per foot

Cost Calculations•Installation costs:

$20K to $30K for a 3-4 ton systemViewed as the primary barrierMuch higher than the new generation of high efficiency air source heat pumps and gas furnaces

• Energy cost savings:Most significant when replacing electric resistance or heating oil Marginal to no savings when compared high efficiency air source heat pumps and gas furnaces/AC systemsHighly dependant on the price of electricity vs natural gas/heating oil

Getting Your Project Done

•Assessing Needs•Land area? Water Source? Heat Loss/Heat Gain

•Specification of Equipment•Acquiring Approvals

•Municipal•Project Planning•Engaging Contractors

•Multiple bids•References•Accreditation

•Follow-ups & Maintenance•Service contract

Case Study

•Typical system•High-efficiency furnace $3,600•Hot water tank $2,000•Central air $3,000

•Geo-exchange System•Heat Pump $10,000•Ground loop $16,000•Hot Water Tank $1,500

•Operating Costs•Typical System $2,350•Heat Pump System $1,600

CONCLUDING REMARKS:

What type of system?Higher installation costsNeed qualified contractors for grantsLong equipment lifespanLow Life Cost

Closing

Purpose /products reviewFeedback forms pleaseFurther resource support requirementsOur support

Brought to you by:

SWITCH - The Sustainable Energy People

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Documents

March5 2009-workshop-slides