K HOCH N TT NGHIP 12 MN TING ANH

TI LIU THAM KHO N THI TT NGHIP TING ANH LP 12I. TENSESA/ L thuyt1. The Simple Present (Th hin ti n)

a. Form:

- Khng nh : I , We , You , They ( S nhiu ) + Vo

He , She , It ( S t ) + V-s/es

- Ph nh : I , We , You , They .. + don't + Vo

He , She , It + doesn't + Vo

- Nghi vn : Do + We , You , They .. + Vo ?

Does + He , She , It + Vo ?

b. Usage (Cch dng ) :

- Din t mt chn l, mt s tht hin nhin.

Ex : - The Earth goes round the sun .

- He is a doctor.

- Tom comes from England.

- Din t 1 thi quen hoc 1 vic xy ra thng xuyn hin ti ( always, often, usually, sometimes, now and then, seldom, rarely, never, every ..... ) dng nhn bit.Ex : - He often goes to class late . / My mother gets up early every morning .

- Din t 1 h/ tng lai c sp xp, b tr thc hin trc thi im ni.

Note : a. Cch thm es vo sau nhng ng t tn cng : o , s , x ,z ,sh , ch..

b. Cch pht m s/es2 . The Present Continuous (Th hin ti tip din)

a. Form : - Khng nh : S + am / is / are + V ing

- Ph nh : S + am / is / are ( not ) + V -ing

- Nghi vn : Are / Is + S + V-ing . ?

Ex: We are studying English now .

b. Usage ( Cch dng) :

- Din t mt hnh ng ang tip din thi im ni ( hin ti)

* Du hiu nhn bit : now , right now = at once , at ( the / this / present ) time, at the moment, Ra lnh ( Look ! Listen ! ) Ex : - She is listening to his teacher now

- Din t 1 hnh ng s xy ra tng lai ( c k hoch t trc)

Ex : She is getting married next year. Note :* Be going to +Vo dng din t 1 hnh ng sp xy ra m hin tng ca n xut hin hoc 1 hnh ng tng lai c d nh trc.

Ex: The grey dark appears. It is going to rain.

3 . The Present Perfect (Th hin ti han thnh)

a. Form : - Khng nh : S + has / have + V3 , ed

- Ph nh : S + has / have ( not ) V3 , ed - Nghi vn : Has / Have + S + V3 , ed?

b. Usage (Cch dng ) :

* Din t mt hnh ng va mi xy ra hoc xy ra khng r thi gian (thng i km vi cc t just , recently = lately, not .. yet, ever, never, aleady )

Ex : We havent finished our homework yet .

* Din t 1 hnh ng bt u t qu kh ko di n hin ti c kh nng tip tc tng lai (thng i vi cc t since , for)

Ex : - They have lived here for ten years .

* Ngai ra cn c mt s cm t ch thi gian nh : so far = until now = up to now ,how long .. ? It is the first / second / third time, twice / many / three. times.

Note : For ( many, several, 2, 3 / . + times, years, months or a long time = ages ) # since ( last week .. )4. The Simple Past (Th qu kh n )

a. Form : - Khng nh : S + V2, ed ( To be : was / were )

- Ph nh : S + did not Vo .

- Nghi vn : Did + S + Vo .. ?

b. Usage : Din t hnh ng xy ra, chm dt trong qu kh ( i khi bit r thi gian ) thng c cc t i km : yesterday ,ago , last ( week /night ) , in 1990 ( thi gian qu kh )

5 . The Past Continuous (Th qu kh tip din )

a. Form : S + was / were + V - ing

Ex: We were studying Maths at this time yesterday.

b. Usage :

- Din t mt hnh ng ang xy ra vo 1 thi im xc nh trong qu kh .

Ex : - What were you doing at 4 p.m yesterday?

- Din t 1 hnh ng ang xy ra vo 1 thi im xc nh qu kh hoc 1 hnh ng ang xy ra ( hnh ng ny ko di hn ) th c hnh ng khc xen vo .

Ex:

a. What were you doing at 4 p.m yesterday?

b. We were watching television when he came

- Din t 2 hnh ng ang xy ra cng lc qu kh .

Ex: Yesterday , while I was reading a book , my sister was watching T.V .

* Du hiu nhn bit : at ( the / this / that ) time, at the moment, at 4p.m + thi gian qu kh (yesterday, last .. ) Ex : He was watching film at the moment yesterday.

6 . The Past perfect (Th qu kh han thnh )

a. Form :S + had V3 , ed

b. Usage : Din t mt hnh ng xy ra trc 1 hnh ng khc trong qu kh hoc trc 1 thi im qu kh .

Ex : When I got up this morning , my mother had already left .

* Du hiu nhn bit : before , after 7 . The simple future : (Th tng lai n )

a. Form : S + shall / will Vo

b. Usage : Din t hnh ng s xy ra tng lai : tomorrow , next ( week / month ) , in 2010

8. The Perfect Future : (Tng lai hon thnh )

Form S + will have V 3,ed

Du hiu nhn bit : By the end of .

Ex : By the end of this year, I will have had a new bike.

Note : Sau when , while , before , after , until, by the time, as , as soon as, if . khng dng th tng lai m ch dng th hin ti n .

Ex : She will phone her parents when she comes here next week.

B/ Bi tp vn dngI. Use the correct tenses of the verbs in brackets.

1. She (write) that letter two days ago.

2. What (happen) .................... when they arrived?

3. I dont smoke while I (drive) .................... a car.

4. After they (go) ...................., I sat down and rested.

5. His knowledge (develop) .................... since he got habit of reading.

6. You (finish) .................... with the book I (lend) .................... you last week?

7. Last week, when the police came there, the thief (go) .................... away.

8. The train already (leave) .................... by the time I (arrive) .................... the station.

9. Be quiet! The baby (sleep) .................... .10. He (visit) .................... his friend yesterday and (find) .................... that she (be) .................... out.

II. Choose the best option to complete the sentence.

1. She................Hanoi last year

A. wentB. goC. goes D. is going

2. Now you ..................from New York to Los Angeles in a matter of hours

A. are flyingB. would fly C. will fly D. can fly

3. When Carol....................last night, I................my favorite show on television

A. was calling- watchedB. called- have watchedC. called- was watchingD. had called- watched

4. By the time next summer you....................your studies

A. completes B. will complete C. are completingD. will have completed

5. Right now, Jim.................the newspaper and Kathy...............dinner

A. reads- has cookedB. is reading- is cookingC. has read- was cookingD. read- will be cooking

6. Last night at this time, they.....................the same thing. She.............and he..........the newspaper

A. are doing- is cooking- is reading B. were doing- was cooking- was reading

C. was doing- has cooked- is reading D. had done- was cooking- read

7. Hurry up! Were waiting for you. Whats taking you so long? I .. for an important phone call. Go ahead and leave without me.

A. waitB. will waitC. am waitingD. have waited

8. Robert is going to be famous someday. He . in three movies already. Im sure hell be a star.

A. has been appearingB. has appearedC. had appearedD. appeared

9. Hello? Alice? This is Jeff. How are you? Jeff? What a coincidence! I .. about you when the phone rang.

A. was just thinkingB. just thoughtC. have just been thinkingD. was just thought

10. What .. about the new simplified tax law? Its more confusing than the old one.

A. are you thinkingB. do you thinkC. have you thoughtD. have you been thinking

II. SUBJECT AND VERB AGREEMENT

A. Nguyn tc chung: Trong ting Anh, ch ng v v ng (Verb) 2 thnh phn chnh ca cu; trong ch ng chi phi v ng, cn v ng l i tng chu tc ng ca ch ng. Do , ch ng s no th /t s chia theo s

* singular * singular

S + * plural + V + * plural

* either sin. or plu. * either sin. or plu.

B. Mt s nguyn tc c bn:

B.1. Singular verb

1. Sub. as Singular nouns or pronouns (He/ She/ It/ No..) or Uncountable nouns.

E.g: - He usually goes to school by bicycle.

- Her beauty helps her much in her job.

- This water is not safe enough to drink.

3. Sub. as a gerund, infinitive or clause.

E.g:- Swimming is good for health.

- That you hav high grades in school is necessary.

4. Sub. as a measuremenof time, money, distance.. ( as 1 unit)

Eg: - Thirty pounds seems a reasonable price.

- Four weeks is a long time to wait for you.

5. A noun ending in s expressing: a subject, disease, country or city, news ..

Eg: Mathematics is one of my core subjects.

6. Indefinite pronouns: someone, something ....

Eg: Someone was waiting at the door

7. One of + the + Adj. EST + Ns

8. Every/ Each/ Either/ Neither + Ns/ No

E.g: - Every teacher and every student has their own work.

B.2. Plural verb.

1. Plural nouns or pronouns

2. The + Adj.

E.g: - The young are fond of pop music.

3. Collective nouns: police, army, troop, audience cattle, poultry...

Eg: The police are investigating the crime.

B.3. Either singular or plural verb.

( V (plural) (N1 N2)

1. N1 + AND + N2 +

( V (sin.) ( N1 N2)

Eg: - My brother and sister live in Boston.

My cousin and my adviser, Tom is coming tonight.

Bread and egg is my favourite dish. (Bnh m trng l mn ti thch nht)

together with

along with

2. N1 + as well as + N2 ( V (N1)

accompanied by

in addition to

E.g: - George, together with his friends, is buying a race horse.

- The director as well as his staff has to learn English.

- The students in addition to the teacher are all devoted to the research.

3. Either or,

Neither + N1 + nor ( V(N2)

Not only but also

Eg: - Either Thursday or Friday is ok.

- Neither my parents nor my brother has been to HCM city.

- Either you or I am right.

4. A (large) number of + V(plu.)

The number of + V(sin.)

E.g: - The number of students in this class is small.

- A number of students were absent yesterday.5. N1 + preposition + N2 ( V(N1)

E.g:- The picture of the soldiers has been sold.

-The house between the two bungalows is empty. 6. None/ All/ some/ half/ plenty/ N(sin.) ( V(sin.)

No/ Most/ a lot/ Percentage/ fraction + of + N(plu.) ( V(plu.) E.g:- None of the students have finished the test. - None of the counterfeit money has been foun.

- One third of the population is unemployed

- One third of the villagers are unemployed.

7. There + is/was/ has been ... + No .

There + are/were/ have been .. + Ns/es.Eg: There are twenty five students in my class

There was an accident on the road last night.

8. Collective noun different action ( V (plu.)

( family, team, group,

staff, company.. as 1 unit (the same action) ( V(sin.)

E.g: - My family congratulated my little sister on her birthday.

- His family is an old and very famous one.

- Our company has debated these questions carefully.

- The company lead very different lives in private

Bi tp vn dngExercise 1: Circle the best answer.

1. One of .......... a goldfish bowl on her kitchen table.

A. my friend keepB. my friends keepC. my friend keepsD. my friends keeps

2. Every ......... love.

A. man, woman and child needs

B. men, women and children needsC. man, woman and child need

D. men, women and children need

3. One of the girls who ......... in this office ......... my niece

A. works / isB. works / areC. work / isD. work / are

4. Neither Lan nor her parents ......... the film.

A. likeB. likesC. is likeD. are like

5. Each ......... the same as the day before.

A. days wasB. day wasC. days wereD. day were

6. More men than ......... left handed.

A. woman areB. woman isC. women areD. women is

7. Every one of the students ......... on time for class

A. isB. areC. wereD. have been

8. There ......... some money on the table.

A. areB. wereC. have beenD. is

9. This information about taxes ......... helpful

A. wereB. have beenC. isD. are

10. The vegetables in the bowl on the table ......... fresh.

A. looksB. smellsC. areD. is

Exercise 2: Give the correct form of the verbs in brackets.

1. The news about Mr Hogan (be) .............. surprising.

2. Fifty minutes (be) ..............the maximum length of the time allowed for the exam.

3. Many people in the world (not have) .............. enough food to eat.

4. The poor (need) ..............help from the community.

5. Listening to loud music at rock concerts (cause) .............. hearing loss in some teenagers these days.

6. There (be) .............. a lot of sheep in the field.

7. Ten miles (be) .............. too far to walk.

8. Not only John but also his friends (want) .............. to buy this race horse.

9. A number of students (recently participate) .............. in intensive language programs abroad.

10. Sarah, along with 20 students, (plan) .............. a party now.

Exercise 3: Find the incorrect part A, B, C and D.

1. Each of the rooms have its own bathroom.

A B C D

2. Everybody who have a fever must go home immediately

A B C D

3. Twenty five dollars are all I can afford to pay for this recorder

A B C D

4. All of the windows in my house was broken in the earthquake.

A B C D

5. The actress, along with her manager and some friends, are going to the party.

A B C D

III. GERUND AND INFINITIVE

A/ L thuytMt /t thng c 2 dng: /t bin v & /t khng bin v:

* Bin v l /t chia theo ch ng (ngi & th thi gian m h/ xy ra)- verb tenses.

* Khng bin v - verb forms- gm:

- / nguyn th (Infinitive with or without To)

- ng tnh t hin ti (Present participle) & ng danh t (Gerund): V-ing

- ng tnh t qu kh (Past participle) : V-ed

A. ng t nguyn th

1. Form:

ActivePassive

SimpleTo - VoTo - be - P2

PerfectTo - have - P2To -have-been-P2

Eg:- Im very glad to see you.

I wanted the report to be typed at once.

He seems to have been ill.

This machine is said to have been tested.

2. Classification: 2 kinds: Infinitive with or without To

2.1. Bare infinitive : ng t nguyn mu khng to

1. Sau modal verb ( ng t khim khuyt )

2. Sau auxilary verb : do, does, did.

3. Sau make, let, help ( sau help c th c To); Passive voice ( dng to-Vo ( Tr let)

4. Sau ng t ch gic quan:(verbs of perception ) : see, hear, smell, feel, taste, watch, notice

Vo ( bare ) ( hnh ng xong

S + V + object

Vo ( ing ) ( hnh ng ang din ra

5. Sau: had better ( tt hn ); would rather ( th th hn ), had sooner.

6. Sau thnh ng :- to do nothing but + Vo ( bare ) : khng lm g c m ch.

- Can not but + Vo(bare): khng cn cch no khc.

7. Causative form (Th sai khin): S + have + object ( ch ngi ) + Vo (bare).8. Cu mnh lnh: ( imprative ): Come in, please.

* Notes: Nu 2 To-Vo ni bi and, To ca Vo2 thng lc b.

2.2. To infinitive (To -Vo) ng t nguyn th c To)

a. Usages:

1. Sau Ought/ used +To-Vo

2. Sau Need/ do/ dare(nu l /t thng) - I do it to please you.

- He wont dare to disobey his teacher.

3. Sau Be/ Have (c mnh lnh, bt buc) - We are to be at school at 6.00

- I have to do some washing.

4. Dng trong cc trng hp khc.

b. Functions

b.1. Lm subject ( V(sing)

To learn English is necessary.

b.2. Lm b ng( sau Be/ L.verbs) - To see is to believe.

- His plan is to keep the fair secret.

b.3. Lm object of verb : S + V + to Vo - I want to have a cup of coffee.

* Lm b ng cho tn ng ( object complement) S + V + obj + to-Vo - He wants me to lend him some money.

b. 4. Lm adjective ( rt gn adjective clause (relative clause) ng sau danh t

- I have a letter that I must write/ to write.

- Have you anything that you want to say /to say?

5. Lm adverb ( rt gn : adverbbial clause of result : ng sau adj

5a. Rt gn clause of result theo cng thc sau ( phrase of result )

S + V + too adj/adv ( for object )+ to inf

S + V + adj/adv enough (for object )+to inf

5b. Rt gn : clause of purpose theo mu sau ( phrase of purpose )

to inf

S + V +in order for object to inf

so as to inf

6. It + take+ (object) + time + to-Vo

7. Causative form: S+ get + object ( ch ngi ) + to inf

8. Sau 1 s Adj: angry, glad, happy, sorry, likely...

c. Strutures.

c.1 Verb + To-Vo

1. afford : cung cp

2. agree : ng

3. appear : c v

4. arrange: sp xp

5. ask : hi

6. attempt: c gng

7. beg : ngh, xin

8. care : quan tm

9. claim : cho l, tuyn b

10. consent : ng , tn thnh

11. decide : quyt nh

12. demand : yu cu

13. deserve : xng ng

14. expect : trng i 15. dare : dm

16. fail : tht bi

17. forget : qun ( tng lai )

18. hesitate : ngp ngng

19. hope : hy vng

20. learn : hc

21. manage : xoay x

22. mean : mun

23. need: cn (ch ng, ngi )

24. offer : mi

25. plan : d nh, k hoch

26. prepare: chun b

27. pretend: gi v 28. promise: ha

29. refuse: t chi

30. regret: tic ( tng lai )

31. remember : nh (tng lai )

32. seem : dng nh

33. struggle: u tranh, c gng

34. swear: th

35. threaten : da

36. tend: c khuynh hng

37. volunteer: tnh nguyn, xung phong

38. wait : i

39. want : mun ( ch ng )

40. wish : ao c

c.2 V + objective + to-Vo

1. advise :khuyn

2. allow: cho php

3. ask : hi, i hi

4. beg : nn n, xin

5. cause : gy ra

6. challenge : thch thc, thch

7. convince : thuyt phc

8. dare : dm

9. encourage: khuyn khch

10. expect : trng i

11. forbid : cm

12. force : bt buc

13. hire : thu, mn

14. instruct : ch dn 15. invite : mi

16. need : cn

17. tempt : cm d

18. intend : d nh

19. order : ra lnh

20. permit : cho php

21. persuade : thuyt phc

22. remind : nhc li

23. require : yu cu

24. recommend : khuyn

25. teach : dy

26. tell : bo

27. urge : thc gic, thuyt phc

28. want : mun 29. warn : cnh bo

30. help : gip

31. would like : thch

32. would prefer :thch

33. appoint : ch nh ai lm g

34. charge : giao nhim v

35. choose : la chn

36. compel : cng bch

37. defy : thch

38. desire : ao c, thm thung

39. direct : hng dn, ch huy

40. implore : yu cu

41. provoke : xi gic

c.3. Verb + WH- + To-Vo

Teach, explain, discover, think, believe + how/ Wh- + to Vo: Ch cch thc

know, understand, consider, decide..B. Gerund Or present participle. ( Danh ng t & ng tnh t hin ti)

B.1 . Gerund

1. Form:

ActivePassive

IdefiniteV-ingBeing - P2

PerfectHaving - P2Having-been-P2

2. Functions

2.1. Gerund as a noun ( subj , obj, complement & appositive)

1. Lm ch ng ( V(sing) ( ( real subject & informal subject ).

2. Lm tn ng

Object of verb : S + V + V- ing ( gerund ).

Object of preposition ( sau preposition + V-ing.

3. Lm subject complement:

Ex: My hobby is swimming ( gerund )

4. Lm appositive (ng ng v )

Ex: My hobby, swimming makes me healthy.

5. ng sau thnh ng : - it is no use, it is no good :

- there is no use, there is no good: v ch

- cant stand / bear / help : khng th chu c

6. Sau hai tnh t : busy, worth

7. Thnh lp noun compound ( danh t kp )

N + gerund (child bearing

Gerund + N ( flying machine2.2. Gerund as a verb : c object hoc c b ngha bi mt trng t

1. admit : tha nhn

2. advise : khuyn ( khng object )

3. anticipate : tham gia

4. appreciate : nh gi cao

5. avoid : trnh

6. complete : han thnh

7. consider : xem xt

8. delay : tr han

9. dread : s

10. detest : ght

11. discuss : tho lun

12. dislike : khng thch

13. deny: t chi

14. enjoy : thng thc

15. excuse : xin li

16. finish : han thnh

17. forget : qun ( qa kh ) 18. forgive : tha th

19. fancy : tng tng

20. imagine : tng tng

21. involve : lm lin ly

22. include : bao gm

23. keep : tip tc

24. love : ( hoc To inf)

25. like : thch

26. hate : ght

27. mention : nhc ti, ni ti

28. mind : phin h, ngi ngn

29. miss : nh, l, mt

30. postpone : nh, hon.

31. prevent : ngn cn

32. practise : luyn tp

33. recall : gi li, nh li.

34. recollect : gi li. 35. recommend : khuyn, dn d.

36. regret : tic nui ( qu kh )

37. remember : nh ( qa kh )

38. resent : tc gin, pht .

39. resist : cng li, phn khng.

40. risk : liu lnh.

41. stop : ngng, t b.

42. start : ( hoc To inf )

43. suggest : ngh

44. tolerate : b qua

45. understand: hiu

46. restrict: hn ch, gim bt, ngn nga.

* cant bear, cant stand, cant help

* it is no use/ no good, there is no use

* look forward to

*be busy/ worth

3. Structures

B.2. Past participle : qa kh phn t ( V-ED/V3

1. Thm tr t have+V-ED/V3 ( past participle )( perfect tense

2.Thm tr t Be +V-ED/V3(past participle)( passive voice

3. Lm chc nng nh adjective ( passive meaning ( c th rt gn mnh tnh t

( adjective clause or relative clause )

+ C th rt gn mnh trng ng ch thi gian.

+ C th rt gn cu khi mt ch ng thc hin hai hnh ng.

4. Thnh lp adjective compound: tnh t kp

N

( man made

Adj + V ( PP VoED/V3 ) ( new born

Adv

( well known

6. Thm the thnh lp danh t tp hp ( V(plural )

educated(adj)( the educated:nhng ngi c gio dc.

7. Thnh lp causative form : th truyn khuyn

S +have/get +object (ch vt)+ V ( PP Vo ED/V3 )

C. Present participle ( V-ing) hin ti phn t.

1. Thm tr t Be + V-ing thnh lp th continuous tense.

2. Lm tnh t ( mang ngha ch ng ( active meaning )

( c th rt gn mnh tnh t ( adjective clause or relative clause )

( c th rt gn mnh trng ng ch thi gian, nhng b, l do v iu kin .

( mt ch ng thc hin 2 hnh ng c th dng present participle rt gn.

3. Thm mo t the thnh lp danh t tp hp :

Ex: to live ( the living : nhng ngi ang sng.

4. Thnh lp tnh t kp ( adjective compound ).

N

( peace loving

Adj V-ing

( good loking

Adv

( hard - working

D. V-ing or to - infinitive

1. Recommend, begin, start, continue + To inf /V ing

2. Forget, remember, regret:

+to inf ( ch tng lai

+V ing ( ch qu kh

3. Stop to infinitive ( ngng vic ang lm lm vic khc.

V ing : ( ngng vic ang lm

4. Try

to infinitive : c gng

V ing : th

5. Need, want, require

To inf : mang ngha ch ng

V- ing : mang ngha b ng (need: tobe + V (PP)

6. Advise, allow, permit obj + to infi

( + V- ing

7. Prefer: + V-ing + to + V-ing:thch ci g hn ci g

+ to infinitive: thch ci g

8. Help + O + (To)-Vo : gip ai lm vic g

Cant/ couldnt help + V-ing: khng th khng lm vic g

9. Go on + To-Vo: ( ch s thay i ca h/)

+ V-ing: (ch s lin tc ca h/)

- She stopped talking about that and went on to describe her other problems.( C ta thi khng ni v iu na m chuyn sang m t 1 vn khc)- She went on talking about her illness until we all went to sleep. (C y c ni mi v cn bnh ca mnh cho n khi chng ti i ng)10. Mean + To-Vo: (ch d nh, nh)

+ V-ing: (ch s lin quan hoc kt qu)

I mean to go earlier.( Ti nh i sm hn)

This new order will mean working overtime.(Mnh lnh mi ny c ngha l phi lm thm gi)

* Vi cc /t : begin/ start, like/ love, hate, continue, cannot/ could not bear, intend .. c th dng vi To-Vo hoc V-ing khng c s khc bit v ngha

Eg: - It began to rain/ raining at 2 oclock.

- He cant bear being/ to be lonely.

B/ Bi tp vn dngI. Give the correct form of the verbs in parentheses.

1. Its difficult (get) ............ used to (eat) ............ with chopsticks.

2. Would you mind (show) ............ me how (work) ............ the lift?

3. There are people who cant help (laugh) ............ when they see someone (slip) ............ on a banana skin.

4. Id rather (earn) ............ my living by (clean) ............ the floor than (make) ............ money by (blackmail) ............people.

5. If you go on (let) ............ the dog (run) ............after cars, hell end by (be) ............run over.

6. Do you feel like (go) ............ to a film or would you rather (stay) ............ at home?

7. Try (avoid) ............ (make) ............ him angry.

8. Those shirts need (iron) ............ but you neednt (iron) ............ them now.

9. When you see Tom, remember (give) ............ him my regards.

10. Its no use (advise) ............ him. He never allows anybody (give) ............ advice.

II. Choose the words or phrase that best completes the sentence.

1. Her boss promised ...... her a raise because she never minds ........ the night shift.

A. offering/ workB. offered/ to workC. to offer/ workingD. to offer/ worked

2. You were the last one ......... the office. Did you see anyone the building?

A. leaving/ to enterB. to leave/ enterC. left/ enteringD. leave/ entered

3. She pretended ...... me when I passed by.

A. not to seeB. not seeingC. to not seeD. having not seen

4. Good morning. Can I help you?- Id like to have this package ........ , Madam

A. be weighedB. to be weighedC. to weighD. weighed

5. What do you think of the book? - Oh, excellent. Its worth ....... a second time.

A. to readB. to be readC. readingD. being read

6. Do you know the boy ..... under the big tree?

A. layB. lainC. layingD. lying

7. I dont regret ....... even if it might have upset her.

A. to tell her what I thoughtB. to have told her that I thoughtC. telling what I thoughtD. telling her what I thought

8. The rest of the money ....... to his parents.

A. is to sendB. are to sendC. is to be sentD. are to be sent

9. Whats the language ....... in German?

A. speakingB. spokenC. be spokenD. to speak

10. It was so cold that they kept the fire ....... all night.

A. to burnB. burnC. burningD. burned

IV. PASSIVE VOICE

A/ L thuytI. Definition: Cu b ng l cu trong ch ng l ngi hay vt nhn hoc chu tc ng ca hnh ng

II. Form: To Be + Past Participle (p2)

III. Passive transformation

Active: S + V + O

Passive: S + be P2 + (by O)

Ex: Active: They built that bridge in 1999.

S V O

Passive: That bridge was built in 1999.

S V

Notes:

1. Ch c th i sang cu b ng vi nhng cu c ngoi ng t (c tn ng); cu n c bao nhiu tn ng c by nhiu cu b ng; cu phc, mnh no c tn ng th c th i sang b ng, mnh no khng c tn ng th gi nguyn.

2. ng t To Be trong cu b ng phi thch hp vi th(Tense) ca cu ch ng v ph hp vi ch ng ca cu b ng (passive subject).

3. Khi ch ng ca cu ch ng l cc i t nhn xng: I, we, you, they, he, she, one, everyone, someone/body, people ..

thng c lc b i trong cu b ng.

4. Nu ch ng ca cu ch ng l: nothing, no one, nobody.. th cu b ng by Obj c lc b v ng t ca b ng chuyn sang th ph nh.

Ex: No one helps me ( I am not helped.

5. - Nu ch ng ca cu ch ng l danh t ch vt liu, dng c th cu b ng thay by + Obj. bng with + Obj. Ex: Paint covered the clock ( The clock was covered with paint.6. t trng t ch cch thc (Adj. - ly) trc Past Participle (P2) nu c.

Ex: People use English widely English is widely used

7. Gi nguyn gii t sau Past Participle (P2) nu c.

8. Nu trong cu c c trng t ch ni chn v trng t ch thi gian th ch trt t cc thnh phn nh sau: Place + by Obj + TimeEx: - Mr Pike built this school in my village last year.

This school was built in my village by Mr Pike last year.

IV. VERB TENSES

1. Simple present and simple past

is/ am/ are

S +

- P2 + by Obj.

was/ were

2. Present and past continuous.

is/ am/ are

S +

- Being - P2 + by Obj.

was/ were

3. Present and Past Perfect.

have/ has

S +

- Been - P2 + by Obj.

had

4. Simple future and Near future.

will/ shall

S +

+ Be P2 + by Obj.

Be + Going to

5. Modal verbs.

S + Modal - Be P2 + by Obj.

V. Sentence Parterns

1. Affirmative sentence: Sub. + Be - P2 + by Obj.

2. Negative sentence:

Sub. + Be - not - P2 + by Obj.

3. Interrogative sentence/ Yes- No question: Be + Sub. + P2 + by Obj ?

4. WH- questions:

a. For Subject: Who/ What + is/was/ has been P2 + (by Obj.)?

b. For Object: By Whom + Be + Sub. + P2 ...?

c. Others : WH - + Be + Sub. + P2 ...?

VI. NHNG TRNG HP PASSIVE VOICE C BIT

1. Causative form(th truyn khuyn):

a/Active voice: -S + Have + Obj(ch ngi) + Vo.

Ex: I have him repair my bicycle.

-S + Get + Obj (ch ngi) + to infi.

Ex: I get him to repair my bicycle.

b/Passive voice: -S + Have/Get + Obj (ch vt) + V3 / Vo ED.

Ex: I have/get my bicycle repaired by him.

2. Sau nhng ng t ch kin (verbs of opinion): say, think , believe, report, rumour, know, consider, claim...

Active: S1+ V1 ( say/ believe/ think....)+ (that) +S2+ V2.

Passive: * Cch 1: It + be + P2(V1) + S2 + V2.

* Cch 2: S2 + be + P2(V1) + To-infinitive (V2)

To have + P2(V2) (nu V2 khc th hoc xy ra trcV1)Ex1 : People say that money brings happiness

Cch 1: It is said that money brings happiness

Cch 2: Money is said to bring happiness.( Dng to bring v say v bring cng th)

Ex 2 : People say that he was crazy.

Cch 1: It is said that he was crazy or

Cch 2: He is said to have been crazy.( to have been v say v was khc th) .

3. Sau nhng ng t ch gic quan(verb of perception): see, hear, smell, feel, taste, watch, notice, make, help, bid.

Ex: I hear him come in

He is heard to come in (nu cu ch ng l coming th gi nguyn trong cu b ng).

4. Imperative (cu mnh lnh):

Ex: a. Open the door Let the door be opened.

b. They let him go out He was allowed to go out / He was let go out.

5. Sau nhng ng t: like, hate, love, want, wish, prefer, hope.

Ex: - He wants Peter to take photographs He wants photographs to be taken by Peter.

- He does not like people laughing at him. He does not like being laughed at.

6. Cc ng t: advise, agree, insist, arrange, suggest, propose, recommend, determine, decide, demand, beg, urge, order, request.

Ex: He advised me to accept this job

Cch 1: He advised me this job should be accepted.

Cch 2: I was advised to accept this job.

7. Need + to be + P2 = Need + Ving

Ex: Your shirt needs to be ironed

ironing.8. It + be + adjective + to-infinitive + smt.

Passive: It + be + adjective + for sth + to be + V3 / Vo ED Ex: - It is important to finish this exercise.

It is important for this exercise to be finished

- It is necessary to copy this lesson

It is necessary for this lesson to be copied.

- It is time to feed the chicken It is time for the chicken to be fed.

9. Cc trng hp khc:

Ex Please enter this way. You are requested to enter this way.

B/ Bi tp vn dngExercise 1: Change the sentences bloww into the Passive voice.

1. People drink a great deal of tea in England.

2. She often takes her dog for a walk.

3. People speak English all over the world.

4. A group of students have met their friends at the railway station.

5. They didnt allow Tom to take these books home.

6. The teacher wont correct exercises tomorrow.

7. How many trees did they cut down to build that fence?

8. This well-known library attracts many people.

9. My mother used to make us clean the house.

10. He likes people to call him Sir.

Exercise 2: Rewrite the sentences in the passive:

1. They will construct some new airports on islands.

2. The new president might fulfill this promise as quickly as people would like.

3. They are going to find out the mystery.

4. You can buy videos like this one anywhere.

5. Someone will tell you when you go in to see the doctor.

Exercise 3: Complete the sentences with the given words, active or passive

1. Chris has good news. The engineering firm where she had an interview yesterday (may / offer) .. her a job soon.

2. Good news! I (may / offer) .. a job soon. I had an interview at an engineering firm yesterday.

3. You (should / open) .. the wine about three hours before you use it.

4. You (mustnt / move) ..this man; he is too ill. He (will / have to / leave) .. here.

5. You (must / take) ..those books back to the library yesterday.

6. We tried, but the window (couldnt/ open)

7. You (must / keep) .. meat in a refrigerator or it will spoil.

8. I (had better /wash) .. my clothes today, or they will be very smelly.

9. Someone (should / tell) .. James the news immediately.

10. This application (be supposed to/ send) .. to the personnel department soon.

Exercise 4: Choose the best option.

1. I shouldnt so much coffee last night. I was wide awake till four in the morning.

A. drinkB. drankC. be drunkD. have drunk

2. After the test papers to the students in class tomorrow, the students their next assignment.

A. will return will be given

B. will be returned are givenC. are returning are giving

D. are returned will be given

3. The class for next semester is too large. It ought to in half.

A. be dividedB. divideC. have dividedD. have been divided

4. The entire valley can from their mountain home.

A. seeB. be seenC. being seenD. sees

5. A child should everything he or she wants.

A. givesB. giveC. have been givenD. be given

6. Many U.S. automobiles in Detroit, Michigan.

A. manufactureB. have manufacturedC. are manufacturedD. are manufacturing

7. I still cant believe it! My bicycle last night.

A. was stolenB. was stealingC. stolenD. stole

8. Lets go ahead and do it now. Nothing by waiting.

A. will be accomplishedB. accomplishedC. has accomplishedD. accomplishes

9. When ? - In 1928

A. penicillin was discoveredB. did penicillin discovered

C. was penicillin discoveredD. did penicillin discover

10. The rescuers for their bravery and fortitude in locating the lost mountain climbers.

A. were praisedB. praisedC. were praisingD. praising

11. Vitamin C by the human body. It gets into the bloods stream quickly.

A. absorbs easilyB. is easily absorbingC. is easily absorbedD. absorbed easily

12. Renoir is one of the most popular French impressionist painters. His paintings masterpieces all over the world.

A. had consideredB. are consideringC. are consideredD. consider

13. We cant go along here because the road is .

A. been repairedB. being repairedC. repairedD. repairing

14. More than 50 films in HCMC since June.

A. were shownB. had been shownC. have been shownD. have shown

15. Somebody cleans the room every day.

A. The room every day is cleaned B. The room is every day cleaned

C. The room is cleaned every day D. The room is cleaned by somebody every day

V. REPORTED SPEECHA/ L thuyt

Cu gin tip dng tng thut li li ni trc tip t ngi th nht dn ngi th ba thng qua ngi th hai. C cc loi cu chuyn t cu trc tip sang cu gin tip nh sau:

1. Cu trn thut

Cu trn thut thng c tng thut bng mt ng t c chia th qu kh v mt mnh that

V d : I am a teacher--> she said that she was a teacher

Cng thc:

S + said/ told/ admitted/ replied (that) S + V ( one tense back) +.....

Chng ta thng thay i th ca ng t ( hin ti--> qu kh--> qu kh hon thnh) i i t nhn xng, tn ng, tnh t s hu, tng t ch thi gian v a im nh sau:

Trng t ch thi gian v a im.

Cu trc tipCu gin tip

Now/ at presentThen

TodayThat day

AgoBefore

Tomorrowthe next day/ the following day

YesterdayThe previous day/ the day before

The day after tomorrowIn two days time

The day before yesterdayTwo days before

Next week/ yearThe following week/ month/ year

Last week/ month/ yearThe week/ month / ear before

ThisThat

TheseThose

HereThere

TonightThat night

This/ these/ that/ those ( as adjectives)The

This/ these/ that/ those ( as pronoun)It, they, them

Ch : khi tng thut mt s vic lun ng hin ti, khng cn thit phi thay i th ca ng t.

V d: The world is round he said---> he said that the world is round

2. Cu hi

A/ Cu hi c t hi

Cu hi c t hi c tng thut bng cc ng t ask, wonder or want to know. Cc thay i ging nh cu trn thut. Trt t t cu c tng thut ging nh cu trn thut.

V d'When did you start acting, Melissa?'-->Guy asked Melissa when she started acting.

Cng thc:S + asked + (O)/ wanted to know Wh question S + V ( one tense back) +.....

B/ Cu hi tr li bng Yes/ No

Khi tng thut cu hi tr li bng Yes/ No ta s dng if hoc whether.

V d'Is there a cafe nearby?-->. Daniel asked if/whether there was a cafe nearby.

Cng thc:

S + asked + (O)/ wanted to know if/ whether S + V ( one tense back) +.....

3. Cu cu khin.

Chng ta s dng tell v ask v to V tng thut cu cu khin

V d: 'Please move this car.' --> A policeman told me to move the car.

'Please don't wear those boots in the house.' --> I asked you not to wear those boots in the house.

Cng thc:

S + asked / told O to V/ not to V.

C rt nhiu cc ng t tng thut khc. Sau y l mt s cc ng t thng thut ph bin khc:

Verb + to infinitive: agree, decide, offer, promise , refuse..

Verb + O to infinitive: advise, ask, invite, remind...

Verb+ -ing form: deny, suggest, admit, regret...

Verb+ pre + -ing form: : apologise for, congratulate onB/ Bi tp vn dng

1/ Change the following sentences into reported speech

1. The shop close early tonight he said--> he said....

2. Dont make so much noise, boys the mother said--> The mother.....

3. Why didnt you take the job? asked my friend.--> My friend.......

4. Have you finished reading the book, Mike? Alice asked--> My friend.....

5. I am sorry I am late, said Mr Thanh.--> Mr Thanh apologized....

2/ Choose the best answer.

1. I rang my friend in Australia yesterday, and she said it.. raining there.

A. isB. should beC. to be D. was

2. The last time I saw Jonathan, he looked very relaxed. He explained that he'd been on holiday

the. .......... week.

A. earlier B. . previousC. next D. following

3. I wonder. the tickets are on sale yet.

A. what

B. whenC. where D. whether

4. I told you. switch off the computer, didn't I?

A. don'tB. notC. not to D. to not

5. Someone......me there's been an accident on the motorway.

A. asked B. said

C. spoke D. told

6. When I rang Tessa some time last week, she said she was busy day.

A. that

B. the

C. then D. this

7. When he was at Oliver's flat yesterday, Martin asked if he.. use the phone.

A. canB. couldC. may

D. must

8. Judy ........................ going for a walk, but no one else wanted to.

A. admittedB. offeredC. suggestedD. promised

3/ Choose the answer - A, B, C, or D -that is nearest in meaning to the sentence printed before.

1. 'You broke my glasses,' said the woman to me.

A. The woman insisted on breaking her glasses.

B. The woman advised me to break her glasses.

C. The woman told me to break her glasses.

D. The woman blamed me for having broken her glasses.

2. 'If I were you, I would take the job,' said my roommate.

A. My roommate was thinking about taking the job.

B. My roommate advised me to take the job.

C. My roommate introduced the idea of taking the job to me.

D. My roommate insisted on taking the job for me.

3. 'Why not participate in the English Speaking Contest?'

A. He asked me to take part in the English Speaking Contest.

B. He suggested taking part in the English Speaking Contest.

C. He offered us to take part in the English Speaking Contest.

D. He told me not to participate in the English Speaking Contest.

4. Please watch your steps as you get off.

A. Please look at the steps while getting off.

B. Go down the steps in order to get off.

C. Please have a look at the Steps as you get off.

D. Be careful not to tumble while getting off.

5. 'Let me pay for the coffee. I really want.'

A. Jenny is asked to pay for the coffee.

B. Jenny suggested paying for the coffee.

C. Jenny insisted on paying for the coffee.

D. Jenny told me to pay for the coffee.

6. You're always making terrible mistakes,' said the teacher.

A. The teacher complained about his students making terrible mistakes.

B. The teacher asked his students why they always made terrible mistakes.

C. The teacher realized that his students always made terrible mistakes.

D. The teacher made his students not always make terrible mistakes.

7. Each of you may have one piece of candy, Mrs. Jones said to the children.

A. Mrs. Jones advised the children to have one piece of candy.

B. Mrs. Jones asked each of the children to have one piece of candy.

C. Mrs. Jones allowed each of the children to have one piece of candy.

D. Mrs. Jones reminded the children to have one piece of candy.

8. 'Would you mind if I brought a friend to the party?' said Peter.

A. Peter wanted me to bring my friend to his party.

B. Peter encouraged me to bring my friend to the party.

C. Peter asked for permission to bring his friend to the party.

D. Peter promised to bring a friend to the party.

9. 'Don't be so disappointed Jane. You can take the driving test again,' said Helen.

A. Helen told Jane not to be disappointed and take the driving test again.

B. Helen asked Jane not to be disappointed and offered her another driving test.

C. Helen warned Jane not to be disappointed' in order to take the driving test again.

D. Helen encouraged Jane to take the driving test again.

10. 'Let's break for lunch,' said Mathew.

A. Mathew wanted to break for lunch.

B. Mathew insisted on breaking for lunch.

C. Mathew suggested breaking for lunch.

D. Mathew offered us a break for lunch.

VI. CONDITIONALSA/ L thuyt

Cu iu kin loi 1

Cng thc

If + subject + simple present ( present continuous/ perfect can also usedSubject + will + Verb

( other modal verbs like can, may, should,.... can be used)

Mnh ifMnh chnh

Cch dng: Dng din t nhng s vic c th xy ra hin ti hoc tng lai.

V d : If it is nice tomorrow, Ill come to see you.

Cu iu kin loi 2

Cng thc

If + subject + simple pastSubject + would + Verb

( other modal verbs like could, might can be used)

Mnh ifMnh chnh

Cch dng: Dng din t nhng s vic khng c thc hin ti, c mun hin ti hoc tng lai ( nhng thc t khng th xy ra)

V d:

If I were you, I would drive more carefully in the rain

Cu iu kin loi 3

Cng thc

If + subject + simple past perfect tenseSubject + would have PII

( other modal verbs like could, might can be used)

Mnh IfMnh chnh

Cch dng: Dng din t nhng s vic khng th xy ra trong qu kh, mang tnh c mun trong qu kh ( nhng thc t khng th xy ra)

V d:

If you had saved your money, you could have bought a computer

Cu iu kin loi zero:

Cng thc

If + subject + present simple tenseS present simple tense

Mnh IfMnh chnh

Cch dng: thng c s dng ch sc tht hin nhin

V d: If you heat water to 100 degrees, it boils

Ch : Unless = If............ not

B/ Bi tp vn dng1/Put the verb into the correct form.

1. If the earth suddenly ______ (stop) spinning we all ______ (fly) off it.

2. If you ______ (smoke) in a non-smoking compartment the other passengers ______ (object).

3. If she ______ (not/ fail) one of her final exams she wouldn't have had to spend part of the summer in college.

4. Ill lend you War and Peace if I ____ (finish) it before you go on holiday.

5. If we ______ (work) all night we ______ (finish) in time; but we have no intention of working all night.

2/ Choose the one word or phrase -a, b, c, or d- that best completes the sentences.

1. If the technology _______ available, we would be able to expand the business.

A. would become B. had become C. were become D. became

2. If the North Sea _______ in winter, you could walk from London to Oslo.

A. freeze B. frozeC. should freeze D. should happen to freeze

3. It would have been a much more serious accident _____ fast at the time.

A. was she driving B. If she had been drivingC. she had driven D. if she drove

4. I'll give you a lift if it _______.

A. rainsB. rainedC. will rainD. had rained

5.They couldn't decide _______ it was worth re-sitting the exam or not .

A. if B. whether C. if or not D. whether not

6. _______ how difficult the job was, I mightn't have taken it.

A. If I know B. If I would know C. Did I know D. If I had known

7.If____ in my seventies and rather unfit, I might consider taking up squash.

A. not wereB. is notC. were notD. had not been

8. If I________ apologise, he ___________ forgive me.

A. dont/ wontB. wont/ doesntC. didnt/ wouldnt D. wouldnt/ didnt

9. John said that if he __________ in my position, he ____________ for the job

A. is/ will apply B. were/ would applyC. had been/ would have applyD. is/ would apply

10 Unless you ___________ all of my questions, I cant do anything to help you

A. answeredB. answer C. would answerD. are answering

3/ Find a mistake in the four underlined parts of each sentence and correct it.

1. If anyone phoned while I am out, tell them Ill be back in a few minutes.

A B C D

2. If he had not been resigned, we would have been forced to sack him.

A B C D

3. If Rudy would have studied German in college, he would not have found the scientific A B C

terminology so difficult to understand D4. Jane would have joined a music band if her parents allowed her to

A B C D

5. We will tell Joe to call you while we see him tomorrow

A B C D

VII. RELATIVE CLAUSESA. L thuyt

1. Mnh quan h xc nh v mnh quan h khng xc nh

Trong Ting Anh, dng i t quan h ni cc cu n thnh cu phc to ra mnh ph tnh ng. Mnh ny c gi l mnh quan h. C mnh quan h xc nh, mnh quan h khng xc nh v mnh ni tip.

Restrictive/ Defining relative clausesNon-restrictive/ Non-defining relative clauses

Dng v cu trcKhng c du phy chia tch danh t/ i t vi mnh C du phy chia tch danh t/ i t vi mnh

Chc nng nngMiu t/ xc nh cho danh t/ i t pha trc B sung thm thng tin cho danh t/i t pha trc

c im khci t quan h tn ng c th c lc bi t quan h tn ng khng th c lc b

Cc t ch quan hWho, that, which

Who(m), that, which

Whose, of which

When, where, whyWho, which

Who(m), which

Whose, of which

When, w here

2. Gii t trong mnh quan h

* Cui M QH: dng c vi tt c TQH ( that, whom, who, which) ng thi cng c th b TQH.

E.g: The room( which/that) the meeting was held in is very small.

* u M QH:

C th chuyn gii t ln trc TQH, nhng ch dng c which (for things), whom not who (for persons) v khng c lc b TQH

The room in which the meeting was held was very small

+ i vi MDQH ko x ta ko dng that, v khng th b TQH lm tn ng.

John, with whom Ann goes out, is a nice person

John, whom Ann goes out with, is a nice person.

3. i t quan h c thay th bi ng tnh t (hin ti, qu kh) v to V.

a. ng tnh t hin ti

Noun + Who/ Which + V2 (active)

Noun + V-ing phrase

Eg 1: The boy who is playing with the dog is Nams brother.

=> The boy playing with the dog is Nams brother.b. ng tnh t qu kh

Noun + Who/ Which be +P2 (passive)

Noun + P2 phrase

Eg1: The girl who was injured in the accident is now in hospital.

=> The girl injured in the accident is now in hospital.

c. To V

The first/second/(N) + Who/ Which + V2...

The first/second/(N) + to V/ to be Vp2 Eg1: Who was the first man that stepped on the Moon?=> Who was the first man to step on the Moon?Notes:

+ We can use an infinitive to replace a relative clause.

+ We often use an infinitive after an ordinal number.

+ After next, last, only, after.

+ After a superlative adjective.

B. Bi tp vn dng Exercise 1: Rewrite the following sentences using relative pronouns.

1. We talk about the party. Sarah wants to organise the party for my birthday.

We talk about the party which/ that/ Sarah wants to organise for my birthday.

2. To get to Frank's house, take the main road. It bypasses the village.

To get to Frank's house, take the main road which/ that bypasses the village.3. Mr. Flowers has the paintings in his house. They are worth around 100,000.

The paintings which/ that/ Mr Flowers has in his house are worth around 100,000.4. Mrs. Richmond is 42. He has three children.Mrs Richmond, who is 42, has three children.

5. Don is a friend. I stayed with him in Australia.

Don is a friend who(m)/ that/ I stayed with in AustraliaExercise 2: Choose the best answer.1. Post office is a place ______ you can buy stamps, mail letters and packages, and receive mail.

A. that

B. which C. where D. in which

2. Do you know the date ______ we have to hand in the essay?

A. which

B. in which C. on that D. when

3. My uncle ______ you met yesterday is a lawyer.

A. which

B. who C. whose D. to whom

4. The council is in discussion with Lord Thomas, ____ land most of the village is built on.

A. who

B. whom C. whose D. that

5. These adults, ______ come to my night class, are very eager to learn.

A. whose

B. who C. that

D. when

Exercise 3: Choose word or phrase - A, B, C or D that needs correcting.

1. Now that I no longer have to wear uniform, I'll be able to wear which I want A B C D

2. Ripe fruit is often stored in a place who contains much carbon dioxide

A B C

so that the fruit will not decay too rapidly.

D

3. Dr Harder, that is the professor for this class, will be absent this week A B C

because of illness.

D

4. The man, of whom the red car is parked in front of our house, is a A B C D

prominent physician in this town.

5. The legal age which a person is considered to be an adult is customarily 18

A B C DVIII. COMPARISONSA. L thuyt

EqualityEquality

as +adj./adv. +asUnequality

not as/ not so+adj./adv. +as

SuperiorityShort adj./ adv.

adj./adv. +er thanLong adj./adv.

more adj./adv. thanIrregular adj. and adv.

- Good/well better best

- Bad/badly worse worst

- Many/much more most

- Little/ a little less least

- Far farther farther

further further

less adj./adv. Than

Superlativethe adj./adv. +estthe most adj./adv.

The least adj./adv.

Double comparisonShort adj./ adv.

Adj./adv + er adj./adv. +erLong adj./adv.

more and more adj./adv.

less and less adj./adv.

The +clause + The + Clause.

B. Bi tp vn dng

Exercise 1: Rewrite the following sentences in the way they have the same meaning with the original.

1. Driving a car is more difficult than a motorbike.2. Going to the theatre is more expensive than going to the cinema.

3. You dont work as hard as your brother.

4. English people drink more tea than American people.

5. The journey was longer than I expected.Exercise 2: Choose the best answer.

1. My neighbor is driving me mad! It seems that _______ it is at night, _______ he plays his music!

A. the less / the more loud

B. the less / less

C. the more late / the more loudlier D. the later / the louder

2. Thanks to the progress of science and technology, our lives have become _______.

A. more and more good

B. better and better

C. the more and more good

D. gooder and gooder

3. The Sears Tower is _______ building in Chicago.

A. taller

B. the more tall C. the tallest

D. taller and taller

4. Petrol is _______ it used to.

A. twice as expensive as

B. twice expensive more than

C. twice more than expensive

D. more expensive than twice

5. Peter is _______ John.

A. younger and more intelligent than B. more young and intelligent than

C. more intelligent and younger than D. the more intelligent and younger than

Exercise 3: Choose word or phrase - A, B, C or D that needs correcting.

1. He finds physics many more difficult than other science subjects. A B C D

2. The more he drank, more violent he became.

A B C D

3. Mary was the cleverest of the two sisters.

A B C D

4. French is a more and more difficult language to learn than English is.

A B C D

5. The cuisine of France is famous than the cuisine of England. A B C D

IX. ADVERBIAL CLAUSESA/ L thuyt 1.Adv clause of time

Clause 1

T.lai/ T.lai tip din

TLHT/TLHTTD

H.ti

H.ti h.thnh

H.ti/H.ti tip din

QK

QKTD/QK

QKHT

QKHTTD

QKHTwhen

as

while/ whereas

until

till

as soon as

before

after

once

the moment

by the time

since

whenever

as long as

Hardly .when

Scarelywhen

No soonerthan

everytimeClause 2

H.ti/HTHT

H.ti

QK

H.ti tip din

QK

QK/ QKTD

QKHT

QK

QK

2.Adv clause of cause

Clause 1because/ since/ as

seeing that/ now that

forClause 2

3.Adv clause of place

Clause 1where

whereverClause 2

4. Adv clause of contrast

Clause 1although

though

eventhough

even if

however +adj./adv./N

whatever +S/O

no matter how +adj./ adv./V

no matter what +S/ OClause 2

5. Adv clause of purpose

Clause 1so that

in order that

lest ( khng, khi, ko)Clause 2

V: can/could/may/might/will/ would/should +V

6. Adv clause of result

Clause 1so

so thatClause 2

Eg.

He has been working since early morning so he feels tired now.

so +adj/ adv. + that + clause 2

such + N + that + clause 2.

so many + N (m c) + that + clause 2

so much + N (khng m c) + that + clause 2

Lu : Nu ng t trong mnh chnh l cc ng tu ch tri gic nh look, appear, seem, feel, taste, smell, sound, ta dng cng thc nh be+so

Eg. The little girl looks so unhappy that we all feel sorry for her.

The soup tastes so good that everyone will ask for more.

7.Adv clause of comparison

Clause 1as

asas

morethanClause 2

8. Adv clause of manner

Clause 1as if

as thoughClause 2

It isnt as if + clause 2

(u phi) (V li 1 thkhng tht)

B. Bi tp vn dng

Exercise1 : Use a clause of purpose to combine each pair of sentences below.

1. My father drove carefully. He didnt want to cause accident.

My father drove carefully so that he wouldnt cause accident.

2. Please shut the door . I dont want the dog to go out of the house.

Please shut the door so that the dog wont go out of the house.

3. She needs job. She wants to support her old parents.

She needs a job so that she will support her old parents.

4. The boy stood on the benches. He wanted to get a better view.

The boy stood on the benches so that he could get a better view.

5. I whispered. I didnt want to disturb anyone.

I whispered so that I wouldnt disturb anyone.

Exercise 2: Choose word or phrase - A, B, C or D that needs correcting.1. Yesterday I had so much things to do that I cant go out.

A B C D

2. It isnt as if I was a child. A B C D

3. He is most handsome than Ive thought. A B C D

4. She is so famous person that everybody knows her. A B C D

5. He speaks English so quick that we cant understand.

A B C DExercise 3: Choose the best answer.

1. The car will be ready for him ............ he comes tomorrow.A. by the time B. When C. until D. While

2. ................... I phone him, he is out.

A. Before B. After C. During D. Everytime

3. ......................... I saw him he was talking with his friend.

A. Although B. Though C. After D. The moment

4. Last night I had finished my exercise ..................I went to bed.

A. while B. when C. before D. Afther

5. I will wait for you until you come back.A. when B. until C. as D. SinceX. ARTICLESA/ L thuyt1. Indefinite articles (mo t khng xc nh): A/An

-A ng trc danh t bt u bng mt ph m: a book, a pen, a cat-An ng trc danh t bt u bng mt nguyn m: an apple, an orange A/An c dng vi danh t m c, s t khi danh t cha xc nh (cha c nhc ti trc ) hoc ni v mt ngi hoc mt vt bt k ca mt loi.

A c dng trong cc cm t ch s lng hoc khi lng: a lot of, a great deal of, a great many, a few, a little, a dozen

A/ An c dng trong mt s ng c nh: Its/ Whats a pity, as a rule, as a result, tobe in a hurry, have a headache

- Mt s trng hp lu :

Dng a trong: a European /jurpi:n/, a one-way/wnwei/ street, a university/ju:niv:siti/

Dng an trong: an MP/ empi/ , an honest /'nist/ man, an UFO/'ju:fou/

2. Definite articles (mo t xc nh): The

The c dng cho tt c danh t: danh t m c s t, danh t m c s nhiu, danh t khng m c: the boy, the apples, the food

Dng the trc danh t ch ngi hoc vt xc nh hoc c cp n trc ngi nghe bit (hoc c th hiu) ngi ni ang ni v ngi hoc vt no.

E.g: Did you lock the car? (= your car/our car)

- The c dng ch vt g l duy nht, hoc vt g ch c mt trong mi trng xung quanh: the sun, the moon, the sky, the world, the capital

- The dng trc danh t khng m c hoc m c s nhiu dng ni v ngi hoc vt c th.

E.g: Cars have wheel. (= all cars) >< The cars in this car park belong to people working here.

- The c dng trc cc danh t c xc nh bng mt cm t hoc mt mnh theo sau

E.g: Who is the girl in blue?

Do you know the man who is talking to Mary?

- The dng trc tnh t v trng t trong so snh nht (the best, the most..) trc s th t (the first, the second), trc tn cc ng phi, cc t chc (the WHO, the UN), trc tn cc ban nhc, cc loi nhc c (the Beatles, the piano), trc tnh t ch mt nhm ngi (the rich, the young), dng trc cc danh t ring ch cc vng a l (the west, the north..), quc gia c t Republic. Kingdom, Unionhoc vit dng s nhiu ( the USA, the Philipines).Ch : vi cc danh t nh: school, church, hospital, prison ch dng the trc nhng danh t ny khi cp n nhng trnh hung trng hp c th ch khng dng the khi mun cp n khi nim tng qut hay mc ch chnh ca nhng ni ny.

E.g: The injured were taken to hospital.

Janne has gone to the hospital to visit Tom.

3. Cc trng hp khng dng mo t

- khng dng mo t trc danh t s nhiu, danh t khng m c , danh t tru tng vi ngha chung.

E.g: Water is necessary for life.

- khng dng mo t trc tn cc mn hc(history, English), mn th thao(football, volleyball), cc k ngh (Christmas, Easter...), cc hnh tinh (Mars, Venus), cc chu lc (Asia, Europe), cc danh t ch tn cc quc gia s t hoc ch c mt t (China, Germany), cc ba n (breakfast, lunch,), cc t v cm t ch thi gian (Monday, September)..- khng dng mo t trc cc ng c nh:

at work/ school/ home

go to bed/ in bed

go to sea/ at sea

watch TV/ on TV

B/ Bi tp vn dngI. Put in a/ an or the where necessary. Leave an empty space (-) if sentence is already complete.

1. I don't usually like staying at .......... hotels, but last summer we spenta few days at........... very nice hotel by ............ sea.

2. tennis is my favorite sport. I play once or twice ........... week if I can, but I'm not......... very good player.

3. I won't be home for ........... dinner this evening. I'm meeting some friends after .........work and we're going to ........... cinema.

4. .......... unemployment is very high at the moment and it's very difficult for ......... people to find ............. work.

5. There was ........... accident as I was going ............ home last night. Two people were taken to .............. hospital. I think ............most accidents are caused by ............ people driving too fast.

II. Identify the one underlined word or phrase - A, B, C or D that must be changed for the sentence to be correct.

1.See you on the Thursday.

A B C D

2.We have the breakfast at eight.

A B C D

3.The elephants are intelligent animals.

A B C D

4. What is a terrible weather.

A B C D

5.Water from this river is polluted.

A B C D

III. Choose the best answer to complete each sentence by circling the corresponding letter A, B, C or D

1.I hatefootball.

A. theB. a C. no articleD. an

2. When I was .child, I used to be very shy.

A. aB. an C. the D. no article

3. What is .longest river in world.

A. the/ a B. the/ theC. no articleD. a/the

4. Do you know him? Hes ..MP, isnt he?

A. aB. the C. no articleD. an

5. Have you ever been toBristish Museum?

A. no articleB. a C. the D. an

XI. PREPOSITIONSA/ L thuyt1. Gii t ch thi gian

1.1 At:

Dng ch gi: at 6 oclock, at midnight, at luchtime

Dng trong mt s cm t: at Christmas/ Easter, at the moment, at present, at the same time, at the age of, at the beginning of, at the end of1.2 On

Dng ch th, ngy: on April, on Friday, on Christmas Day Dng trong nhng cm t: on Friday morning(s), on Monday afternoon(s), on Saturday night(s) ,on weekends1.3 In

Dng ch ma, thng, nm, th k: in winter, in March, in the 21 century, in 1990s

Dng ch cc bui trong ngy: in the morning(s), in the afternoon(s), in the evening(s)

Ch : khng dng in, on, at trc cc t nh next, last, all, each, every, some, this, today, tomorrow, yesterdayE.g: Ill see you next Friday.

They got married last month.

1.4 For

Dng ch khong thi gian hnh ng din ra trong bao lu: for six years, for two hours, for a week

E.g: Ive live in this house for six years.

1.5 During

Dng ni v mt hnh ng tip din trong khong thi gian bao lu: during the lesson, during our vacation, during the night

E.g: I will come and s my grandmother during my vacation.

2. Gii t ch a im

2.1 At: , ti

Dng khi ni ti mt s kin: at a party, at a concert, at the movies, at a football game

Dng khi ni ti mt ngi nh, mt a ch: at Marys house, at 65 Shirley Road

Dng trong mt s cm t: at work, at sea, at the airport, at the station, at a situation, at the seashore, at the crossroads, at the traffic lights

2.2 In: trong, trong

Dng khi ni ti lng mc, th trn, thnh ph, t nc: in Hanoi, in Vietnam

Dng ch v tr bn trong mt din tch hoc mt khng gian ba chiu (khi vt g c bao quanh): in the kitchen, in the phone box, in the pool

Dng vi tn ng ( Anh, ngi M dng on): in Albert Street, in a street

Dng trong mt s cm t: in a line/ queue / row, in a book/ newspaper / magazine / photo

2.3 On: trn, trn Dng ch v tr trn b mt: on the table/ carpet / wall / ceiling / blackboard/ pavement/ screen/ map/ page

Dng ch ni chn hoc s tng: on the platform/ railway/ farm/ island, on the ground/(1st/ 2nd/ 3rd) floor Dng trong mt s cm t ch v tr: on the left, on the right, on ones left/right

3. Gii t ch phng tin

Dng by ni v phng tin i li: by car, by train, by plane, by bus

Dng on ni v vic i b: on foot4. Mt s gii t khc

To: n, ti

E.g: She walks to school everyday; From: t

E.g: He comes from Newyork. Out of: ra khi

E.g: He got out of the c and went into a shop. Between: gia (hai ngi, hai vt hoc hai s vic)

E.g: Who is the girl between Mary and Alice?

Among : gia mt m ng ngi hoc vt

E.g: She was sitting among a crowd of children.

Until/Till: n, cho n

E.g: I will be working untill 11 oclock. By : trc hoc vo mt thi im no

E.g: You have to hand the essay by Monday.

Ngoi ra mi danh t/ ng t/ tnh t li i vi nhng gii t ring: a reason for something, a solution to a problem, an invitation to a party, famous for, fond of, keen on, interested in.

B/ Bi tp vn dngI. Put in the correct preposition

1. Who is that man standingthe window?

2. I managed to put the fire out.a fire extinguisher.

3. I dont mind going car but I dont want to goyour car.

4. Shall we get a taxi or shall we go .foot?

5. There was a small table..the beda lamp and a clock..it.

II. Identify the one underlined word or phrase - A, B, C or D that must be changed for the sentence to be correct

1. That old man has a pain on the middle of his back.

A B C D

2. Are you free in tomorrow morning?

A B C D

3. The little child sat among his mum and dad.

A B C D

4. Im tired with doing the same work everyday.

A B C D

5. He is good for English.

A B C D

III. Choose the best answer to complete each sentence by circling the corresponding letter A, B, C or D

1. Mozart was born in Salzburg .1756

A. atB. inC. on D. by

2. Ive been invited to the wedding 14th Frebruary.

A. in B. at C. forD. on

3. I dont like travellingnight.

A. on B. at C. in D. by

4. We usually have a holiday ..the summer.

A. on B. at C. in D. by

5. The telephone and the bell rang.the same time.

A. on B. in C. byD. at

XII. STRUCTURES

A/ L thuyt1. Used to dng ch mt thi quen, mt hnh ng tng xy ra trong qu kh- used to + V(inf): tng lm g

(+) khng nh: S + used to + V(inf)

E.g:When Peter was a child, he used to eat a lot of sweets.(-) ph nh: S + didnt use to + V (inf)

E.g: I didnt use to watch football match.

(?) nghi vn: Did + S+ use to + V(inf)

E.g: Did you use to to go to the cinema?

- tobe used to/ to get used to + V-ing: quen vi vic g

E.g: My sister is used to getting up early.

Tom gets used to driving on the left hand side.

2. Phrasal verbs

- cu to ca phrasal verbs gm mt ng t i km vi mt ph t khc to ra ngha mi. Ph t c th l gii t (preposition), hoc tiu trng t (adverbial participle): to go in for, to take care of, to take part in,

- Mt s cu trc mang ngha ca mt thnh ng. Ngha ny khng th suy lun t cc t to nn cu trc

- be in use: ang c s dng

- make use of: tn dng

- make fun of: ch nho

- make up ones mind: quyt nh

- be in danger: b nn, lm vo cnh nguy him:

- be accustomed to: quen vi

- call in on/ drop in on: gh thm

- catch up with: bt kp

- look forward to: mong i

- carry on: tip tc

- carry out: thc hin

- come across: tnh c

- fix up: sp xp

- get on (well) with : ha thun vi

- get down: lm cho bun, tht vng

- put up with: chu ng

- put off: tr hon

- pay attention to: ch

- take care of: chm sc

- take part in: tham gia

- take place: din ra

B/ Bi tp vn dngI. Complete the sentences using one of the phrasal verb from the list below.

take care of carried out made fun of made use of

pay attention to be in danger of

1. There are measures to recue rhinos from extinction.

2. She was furious that she was being.

3. The house has been remodelled and

4. Who willthe children when you are away?

5. They always .the increase of the price of goods.

II. Match the phrasal verbs in column A with their definitions in column B

AB

1. put up with

2. come across

3. call in on

4. get on with

5. carry ona. continue

b. find by chance

c. endure/ tolerate

d. visit someone

e. have friendly realtionship with someone

III. Choose the best answer to complete each sentence by circling the corresponding letter A, B, C or D

1. This shop is so small that we didnt itA. make room forB. take advantage of C. take notice ofD.make use of

2. When I was a child, I ..watch cartoons.

A. was used toB. didnt use toC. got used toD. wasnt used to

3. He wasby his parents.

A. put up withB. got on well withC. fixed upD. taken care of

4. You have to study harder in order to ..your classmate

A. keep pace with B. get on with C. lose touch with D. put up with

5. She was ill,.she still went to school.

A.thereforeB. so C. butD. however

XIII. C HIU

A/ L THUYT Chng trnh mn Ting Anh trung hc c xy dng theo ch im. Cc ch im giao tip l c s la chn ni dung v sp xp ng liu. Cc ch im ny cng l c s la chn ng liu cho cc bi thi tt nghip THPT v tuyn sinh i hc cao ng. V vy, iu u tin cn nh khi n tp l n tp theo ch im, la chn bi tp theo ch im.

Di y l 6 ch im xuyn sut chng trnh THPT, c bit l chng trnh lp 12:

1. personal information/you and me

2. Education

3. Community

4. Nature

5. Recreation

6. People and places

Bi c hiu trong thi tt nghip THPT gm 2 phn. phn 1 l c v in t vo ch trng. Phn 2 l c hiu.

CCH LM V LUYN TP DNG BI C IN T VO CH TRNG

Bi c v in t vo ch trng c di khong 150 t vi 5 ch trng cn in. Th sinh chn 1 p n ng trong s 4 p n cho sn in vo ch trng. Vi thi lng ca bi thi l 60 pht, cc em c khong 5 pht lm bi ny.

Mi cc em cng lm mt bi tp c v in t ca thi tt nghip THPT nm 2010.

Hy c mt mch t u n ht bi c, khng c cc p n cho sn, khng c gng in vo ch trng. khng dng li khi c t mi. Cc em c khong 30 giy n 1 pht thc hin bc ny v tr li 2 cu hi:

1. Ni dung chnh ca bi ny l g?

2. Cc s kin ca bi din ra trong qu kh hay hin ti?

Chng ta cng lm mt bi tp c v in t ca thi tt nghip THPT nm 2010.

Hy c mt mch t u n ht bi c, khng c cc p n cho sn, khng c gng in vo ch trng. khng dng li khi c t mi. Cc em c khong 30 giy n 1 pht thc hin bc ny v tr li 2 cu hi:

3. Ni dung chnh ca bi ny l g?

Cc s kin ca bi din ra trong qu kh hay hin ti?

c k on vn sau v chn phng n ng (ng vi A, B, C, hoc D) cho mi cu t 1 n 5.

William Shakespeare was one of the greatest writers in the English literature. He was born in 1564 in Stratford-upon-Avon. (1)______ the age of eighteen he married Anne Hathaway, (2)______ was eight years older than himself. A few years later he moved to London, where he worked as an actor and a playwright. Shakespeare (3)______ 36 plays and 154 sonnets (a kind of poem). His most famous plays are the four great tragedies - Othello, Macbeth, Hamlet, and King Lear. Shakespeare died in Stratford-upon-Avon on 23 April 1616. His (4)______ are still very popular today: they have been translated into different languages, and many of them have been (5)______ into films, both in English and in other languages.1. A. In B. From C. At D. On

2. A. who B. whose C. which D. whom

3. A. write B. written C. writes D. wrote

4. A. films B. plays C. novels D. actors

5. A. worked B. produced C. done D. made

Nh chng ta thy, bi ny ni v Shakespear v nhng s kin v thnh tu quan trng trong i ng. Hu ht cc s kin u din ra trong qu kh v xy ra theo trnh t thi gian.

Mc ch ca ln c th nht l nm c ni dung chnh ca bi, thi gian v b cc ca bi. Vic ny gip cc em rt nhiu trong vic suy lun v chn ra cu tr li ng.

By gi, hy c li bi, c k ln lt tng cu mt, ch cu c cha ch trng hoc c cu sau n. Vi mi ch trng, xc nh xem t cn tm l t loi g, ng vai tr chc nng g trong cu v c ngha g. Xem c 4 p n cho v la chn ra p n ng.Ch khng dng lu nhng cu kh m b qua.

Cc em c 3 pht lm phn ny

Nu cc em , vic tm t in ch trng trn c s phn tch chc nng ng php v ngha ca t cn tm gip cc em xc nh chnh xc v c c s gii thch cho vic ti sao ta chn t ny ch khng phi t kia.

By gi, cc em hy c li c bi vi cc t in v kim tra mt ln na xem la chn ca mnh chnh xc cha. Vi cu kh cha tm c p n, y l lc cc em c th tm ra p n. Nu vn khng tm c, b qua.Cc em c 30 giy n 1 pht lm phn ny.

Cha bi:

Hai ch trng s 1 v s 2 cng nm trong 1 cu.

Xt v tr ch trng l trc mt cm danh t at the age of 18, nn phi l mt gii t. p dng kin thc v nhm gii t ph bit hc trong bi 14, ta bit

At c dng trc cm danh t i vi 1 cm danh t ch a ch, tui hoc thi gian chnh xc (gi). Vy p n c th l At.

Xt 3 la chn cn li u l gii t, nhng in ch ng trc cm t ch tui mang tnh c l hay qung tui. v d: she is in her thirties ( c y ang la tui trn 30 v di 40.). Vy nn A. b loi.

p n B. from c th ng trc mt mc thi gian c th, nhng vi ngha nh du khi u mt giai on n nay, vy nn cng b loi v ng t v ngha ca cu miu t mt hnh ng xy ra, hon thnh ti mt thi im c th trong qu kh.

p n D. On l p n hon ton khng ph hp, v on ch ng trc danh t ch ngy, k ngh hoc ch mt dp v d: on Monday hoc on this occasion.

Vy p n ng C. At

Cu 2. ch trng cn in ng sau mt danh t, phn cch bi du , v trc ng t, nn phi l i t ch ng ca mt mnh . Mnh ny b ngha cho danh t ch ngi Anne Hathaway. Vy ch trng cn in phi l mt i t ch ng ch ngi.

Xt 4 p n cho sn, ta thy la chn B. Whose v la chn C. Which u ch vt, nn hin nhin sai. La cn D. Whom l i t ch ngi, nhng l i t tn ng, nn cng b loi.

p n ng l A. who v n l i t ch ng ch ngi v ph hp v mt ng php vi ch trng cn in.

Xt v tr ca ch trng, t cn in l 1 ng t.

C 4 la chn cho u l ng t, ch khc nhau v thi. Shakespeare qua i, v khng cn vit kch hay th hin ti, nn p n A. write v C. writes l sai hin nhin.

p n B. sai v mu cu, v written l phn t 2, nhng trc n li khng c tr ng t. l cha ni n ng ngha.

Xt ng cnh, vic vit cc v kch v th ca Shakespeare hon thnh trong qu kh, ng t y phi chia qu kh n. Vy nn p n ng l D. wrote

Ta thy ch trng s 4 ng sau mt tnh t s hu l his, v vy n phi l mt danh t. vy nn p n B. played l sai. Trong cc p n cn li th A. actors v C. films l khng ph hp v ngha v Shakespeare khng lm phim v cng khng c din vin cn sng n nay. Vy p n ng l D. Plays

V tr cn in s 5 l mt ng t dng phn t 2 . C 4 p n cho u l ng t dng ny. Xt cu trc cu v ng cnh, cu ny c rng nhiu v din ca Shakespeare c lm thnh phim.

La chn A l sai v ng t thnh ng to work something into something thng ch dng vi ngha en vi ngha l rn, nn hay trn ci g thnh ci g : v d: she work the iron into a knife. (c y rn thanh st thnh ci dao)

La chn B. cng sai v tn ng ca n ng trc tip sau n, khng c mu cu produce into.

La chn C. sai v khng c mu cu do sthm into something

din t chuyn hoc lm ci g thnh ci g, ngi ta thng dng mu: to make something into something v y v l ng t thnh ng.

p n ng l D. made

Trn y l ba bc v cch luyn tp v lm bi c in t.

Cc bc gm:

Bc 1: c c bi( tm hiu ni dung chnh, cch t chc thng tin, thi gian (30 giy-1 pht)

Bc 2: phn tch ch trng cn in, phn tch p n cho sn(loi p n sai, tm p n ng (3 pht-4 pht)

Bc 3: kim tra li ( tm sai st nu c (30 giy-1 pht)CCH LM DNG BI CHN CU TR LI NGDng bi th hai trong phn k nng c l bi c hiu. Bi c hiu ca thi tt nghip THPT c di khong 200 t, vi 5 cu hi. Thi gian lm bi l khong 5 pht.

Vi nhng loi vn bn c ni dung, di, kh khc nhau, vi mc ch c khc nhau th k thut lm bi c hiu cng khc nhau. i vi bi c hiu trong thi tt nghip THPT, cc em cn ch :

1. Mc ch c l tm thng tin tr li cc cu hi cho trc, khng phi l hc t vng, ng php, li cng khng phi l hiu ht tt c cc thng tin m bi cung cp

2. Th sinh phi lm bi trong iu kin sc p thi gian v khng c s dng phng tin h tr

3. Ni dung thuc mt ch quen thuc nhng bi c t mi

4. Bi c ngn. S lng cu hi khng qu nhiu.(5 cu hi)

Vi c im ny, cc em hy luyn tp v lm bi theo cc bc nh sau:

Di y l 5 cu hi c s dng cho bi c hiu trong thi tt nghip THPT nm 2010.

Cc em hy c nhanh cc cu hi v p n cho sn, ng thi tr li cc cu hi sau:

1. Cu hi no yu cu 1 thng tin chi tit, c th v chnh xc

2. Cu hi no yu cu ngi c phi c, tng hp thng tin v suy lun cu tr li.

3. Cu hi no yu cu c v tm ni dung chnh ca bi

4. Cu hi no yu cu tm ngha ca t trong ng cnh.

Cc em c 30 giy n 1 pht thc hin bc ny. Trong bc ny, cc em ch tp trung vo phn tch cu hi, khng cn ch n cc p n cho.

Cu 1: ______ visit Californias national parks every year.Cu 2: California is divided into ______.Cu 3: What is Silicon Valley well known for?Cu 4: Which of the following is NOT in Southern California?Cu 5: Where are the desert areas found? Trong 5 cu hi trn, 4 cu hi (cu 1.2.3 v 5) yu cu ngi c tm thng tin chi tit tr li cu hi. i vi dng cu hi ny, cc em c nhanh t u bi v tm cc t kha, ch r v tr thng tin mnh cn tm, dng li v tr c thng tin cn tm, c k cu v tr li tng cu hi mt.

Cu 4 c th l mt cu hi thng tin chi tit, nhng cng c th l cu hi yu cu ngi c phi tng hp thng tin v n yu cu ngi c xc nh ci g khng c Southern California, ch khng phi ci c .

Vi dng cu hi tng hp thng tin v suy lun, cc em phi tm thng tin nhng phn khc nhau v kt hp li th mi tr li c cu hi.

By gi, chng ta c bi v tr li cu hi. Cc t kha gip xc nh v tr thng tin, chnh l tn a danh c nu. Cc em dng bt ch gch di cc thng tin c dng tr li mi cu hi. Cc em c 2-3 pht lm phn ny.

Every year, millions of tourists visit California. California is known for its beautiful scenery, warm climate, and excellent food. There are twenty national parks in California, which over thirty million people visit every year. California also has many world-famous museums.The state is divided into two parts: Northern California and Southern California. San Francisco is in Northern California. It is surrounded by water on three sides and is a city with beautiful bays and several bridges. Its streets are always crowded with tourists. There is an area in the south of San Francisco that is famous for the computer industry; it is called Silicon Valley.

Los Angeles, Hollywood, and Disneyland are all situated in Southern California. Southern California is known for its desert areas, which are sometimes next to snow-covered mountains. It is one of the few places in the world where you can ski in the morning and surf in the afternoon.

Cu 1: ______ visit Californias national parks every year.A. Hundreds of millions of tourists B. Twenty million peopleC. Over thirty million people D. About thirty thousand touristsCu 2: California is divided into ______.A. San Francisco and Hollywood B. Northern California and Southern CaliforniaC. San Francisco and Los Angeles D. Hollywood and DisneylandCu 3: What is Silicon Valley well known for?A. Beautiful scenery. B. The computer industry.C. Excellent food. D. Beautiful bays.Cu 4: Which of the following is NOT in Southern California?A. Los Angeles B. San Francisco C. Hollywood D. DisneylandCu 5: Where are the desert areas found?A. Near Silicon Valley B. In San Francisco.C. In Southern California D. In Northern California.

p n:

Every year, millions of tourists visit California. California is known for its beautiful scenery, warm climate, and excellent food. There are twenty national parks in California, which (1) over thirty million people visit every year. California also has many world-famous museums.The state is divided into two parts: (2) Northern California and Southern California. (4)San Francisco is in Northern California. It is surrounded by water on three sides and is a city with beautiful bays and several bridges. Its streets are always crowded with tourists. There is an area in the south of San Francisco that is (3) famous for the computer industry; it is called Silicon Valley.

(4) Los Angeles, Hollywood, and Disneyland are all situated in Southern California. Southern

(5) California is known for its desert areas, which are sometimes next to snow-covered mountains. It is one of the few places in the world where you can ski in the morning and surf in the afternoon.

Cu 1: ______ visit Californias national parks every year.D. Over thirty million peopleCu 2: California is divided into ______.C. Northern California and Southern California Cu 3: What is Silicon Valley well known for?A. The computer industry.

Cu 4: Which of the following is NOT in Southern California?A. San Francisco.

Cu 5: Where are the desert areas found?D. In Southern California.

Cui cng, cc em so snh li phn thng tin c gch di vi cc p n chn v kim tra mt ln na xem la chn ca mnh chnh xc cha. Vi cu kh cha tm c p n, y l lc cc em c th tm ra p n. Nu vn khng tm c, b qua.Cc em c 30 giy n 1 pht lm phn ny.

Nh vy, cch lm bi c hiu trong thi tt nghip THPT gm 3 bc:

Bc 1: phn tch dng cu hi v thng tin cn tm (30 giy- 1 pht)

Bc 2: c, xc nh v tr thng tin, tr li cu hi (3 pht)

Bc 3: kim tra li p n v x l cu hi kh.(30 giy- 1 pht)

Phng php luyn tp k nng v lm bi ny cng c th c c p dng vi bi c hiu trong thi tuyn sinh i hc v Cao ng mn Ting Anh. Tuy nhin, chng ta cn lu l bi c trong thi tuyn sinh i hc v cao ng di gn gp i (khong 400 t) v cng c s cu hi gp i (10 cu), c dng cu hi phong ph (3-4 dng cu hi) hn so vi bi c trong thi tt nghip THPT.

B/ BI TP VN DNG Read the following passage taken from Microsoft Encarta and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word(s) for each of the blanks from 4 to 8.

WHY DO ANIMALS GO EXTINCT?

Different kinds of animals have appeared and disappeared throughout Earths history. Some animals go extinct because the climate (1)_______ they live changes. The climate may become wetter or drier. It may become warmer or cooler. If the animals cannot change, or adapt, to the new climate, they die.

Some animals go extinct because thay cannot (2) _______ with other animals for food. Some animals go extinct because they are killed by enemies. New kinds of animals are always evolving. Evolving means that the animals are changing (3) _______ from generation to generation. Small differences between parents, children, and grandchildren slowly add up over many, many generations. Eventually, a different kind of animal evolves.

Sometimes many of the animals on Earth go extinct at the (4) _______ time. Scientists call this a mass extinction. Scientists think there (5) _______ at least five mass extinctions in Earths history. The last mass extinction happened about 65 million years ago. This mass extinction killed off the dinosaurs.

Question 1: A. whereB. whichC. whenD. what

Question 2:A. completeB. findC. competeD. exist

Question 3:A. accidentallyB. suddenlyC. quicklyD. slowly

Question 4:A. sameB. similarC. differentD. v