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trSwf (36)

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(23 - 7 - 2013)

trSwf (36) 2013 ckESpf jo*kwf

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Auy (A[dk)

(1 - 8 - 2013)

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(1) tiftm;pkaqmif;/ a&&SnfjrKyfESH/ tcgtcGifhaumif;udkapmifh qdkwJh rl [m U/GygwD&J@ a,bk,srl

jzpfygw,f? tJ'DxJu tcgtcGifhaumif;qdkwm bmvJ? b,fawmh tJ'D tcgtcGifhaumif; ay:rSmvJ?

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(2) tcgtcGifhaumif;qdkwm

- (1946) pufwifbmvu tajctaersdK;

- (1988) =o*kwfvu tajctaersdK;udkajymwm jzpfygw,f?

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tJ'Dwkef;u

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Auy &Jht_rifAuy &Jht_rifAuy &Jht_rifAuy &Jht_rifAuy &Jht_rif

(1 - 7 - 2013)(1 - 7 - 2013)(1 - 7 - 2013)(1 - 7 - 2013)(1 - 7 - 2013)

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(1962) u (1977) xd rqv qdk&S,fvpfrd_if;rdaeolawG tjrifrSef&vmw,f? azsmif;zs -

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rdae=uygw,f?

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tar&dueforRw bk&Sf (ti,f) vufxufwkef;u rif;wdk@udk zwfcsr,f? NLD

tpdk;&eJ@ tpm;xdk;r,f vdk@ }udrf;0g;aeawmh Adkvfoef;a&$wdk@u e,fcsJ@vufopfqef@usifa&;

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(5) wufupGmv_yf&Sm;&if;apmifha&; qdkwmu


7

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rd_if;rdaeolrsm;udk &Sif;jy - azsmif;zs - em;cs&if; apmifh&rSmyg?

(6) ed*Hk;csKyftm;jzifh wifjyvdkwmu

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aemifrSmvnf; tcgtm;avsmfpGm wifjyaerSm jzpfyga=umif;?

8


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Ttcgawmfae@udk txdrf;trSwfyonfhtaejzifh jynfol@tm%mESifhTtcgawmfae@udk txdrf;trSwfyonfhtaejzifh jynfol@tm%mESifhTtcgawmfae@udk txdrf;trSwfyonfhtaejzifh jynfol@tm%mESifhTtcgawmfae@udk txdrf;trSwfyonfhtaejzifh jynfol@tm%mESifhTtcgawmfae@udk txdrf;trSwfyonfhtaejzifh jynfol@tm%mESifhta&;awmfyHk*sme,fwdk@udk txl;xkwfrsm;tjzpf xkwfa0oGm;ygrnf?ta&;awmfyHk*sme,fwdk@udk txl;xkwfrsm;tjzpf xkwfa0oGm;ygrnf?ta&;awmfyHk*sme,fwdk@udk txl;xkwfrsm;tjzpf xkwfa0oGm;ygrnf?ta&;awmfyHk*sme,fwdk@udk txl;xkwfrsm;tjzpf xkwfa0oGm;ygrnf?ta&;awmfyHk*sme,fwdk@udk txl;xkwfrsm;tjzpf xkwfa0oGm;ygrnf?&Jabmfrsm;/ rdwfaqGrsm;xHrS pmrlrsm;/ ygwDESifhywfoufonfh ordkif;0if"mwfyHkrsm;/&Jabmfrsm;/ rdwfaqGrsm;xHrS pmrlrsm;/ ygwDESifhywfoufonfh ordkif;0if"mwfyHkrsm;/&Jabmfrsm;/ rdwfaqGrsm;xHrS pmrlrsm;/ ygwDESifhywfoufonfh ordkif;0if"mwfyHkrsm;/&Jabmfrsm;/ rdwfaqGrsm;xHrS pmrlrsm;/ ygwDESifhywfoufonfh ordkif;0if"mwfyHkrsm;/&Jabmfrsm;/ rdwfaqGrsm;xHrS pmrlrsm;/ ygwDESifhywfoufonfh ordkif;0if"mwfyHkrsm;/vufa&;rlrsm;/ tcsuftvufrsm; ponfwdk@udk ay;ydk@=uyg&ef ar#mfvifhygonf?vufa&;rlrsm;/ tcsuftvufrsm; ponfwdk@udk ay;ydk@=uyg&ef ar#mfvifhygonf?vufa&;rlrsm;/ tcsuftvufrsm; ponfwdk@udk ay;ydk@=uyg&ef ar#mfvifhygonf?vufa&;rlrsm;/ tcsuftvufrsm; ponfwdk@udk ay;ydk@=uyg&ef ar#mfvifhygonf?vufa&;rlrsm;/ tcsuftvufrsm; ponfwdk@udk ay;ydk@=uyg&ef ar#mfvifhygonf?tm;wufoa&m ay;ydk@=uvdrfhrnf[kvnf; ,Hk=unfygonf?tm;wufoa&m ay;ydk@=uvdrfhrnf[kvnf; ,Hk=unfygonf?tm;wufoa&m ay;ydk@=uvdrfhrnf[kvnf; ,Hk=unfygonf?tm;wufoa&m ay;ydk@=uvdrfhrnf[kvnf; ,Hk=unfygonf?tm;wufoa&m ay;ydk@=uvdrfhrnf[kvnf; ,Hk=unfygonf?ay;ydk@=uyg&efvnf; tEl;t!Gwf awmif;qdkvdkufygonf?ay;ydk@=uyg&efvnf; tEl;t!Gwf awmif;qdkvdkufygonf?ay;ydk@=uyg&efvnf; tEl;t!Gwf awmif;qdkvdkufygonf?ay;ydk@=uyg&efvnf; tEl;t!Gwf awmif;qdkvdkufygonf?ay;ydk@=uyg&efvnf; tEl;t!Gwf awmif;qdkvdkufygonf?

(pmwnf;tzGJ@)(pmwnf;tzGJ@)(pmwnf;tzGJ@)(pmwnf;tzGJ@)(pmwnf;tzGJ@)

75 - pdef&wk

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(1) tajymif;tvJ eJ@ywfouf+yD; tjriftrsdK;rsdK;&Sd=uonf? b,ftawG;tac:/ b,f&yfwnfcsufuae=unfh+yD;

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(2) EdkifiHwumhtajctae tajymif;tvJqdk&mwGif urBmhtiftm;}uD;EdkifiHrsm;. Armjynfqdkif&may:vpD tajymif;tvJudkajymwm jzpfygonf? txl;ojzifh ppfat;vGefumvwGif yifbufuif;Adkvf}uD; jzpfoGm;onfh tar&duef.Armjynfqdkif&may:vpD tajymif;tvJudk &nf!ef;ygonf?

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(3) tar&duefu ajymif;rnfqdkawmhNLD u vdkufavsmnDaxG&Sdatmif ajymif;ay;&onf? }uH@zGH@ tpdk;& OD;odef;pdefuvnf; ajymif;ay;&onf? tJ'Dvdk ajymif;atmifvnf; tar&duefeJ@ol@taemuf*dk%f;om;rsm;u 0dkif;+yD;em;cs=uonf?- NLD ajymif;&wmu }uH@zGH@ tpdk;& OD;odef;pdef ajymif;&wmxuf cufonf? NLD rSmu vl tajymif;tvJrvkyfbJ ay:vpD ajymif;&wmjzpfonf? }uH@zGH@ tpdk;& OD;odef;pdefuawmh vltajymif;tvJvkyf+yD;ajymif;wm jzpfonf?etz OD;oef;a&$u um;vdyfaemuf0ifoGm;onf? }uH@zGH@ tpdk;&/ v$wfawmfeJ@ ppfwyfwdk@rSm vlopfawGwifxm;+yD;+yD? 'ga=umifhvG,fonf?- NLD rSmu a':atmifqef;pk=unf&J@ t&Sdef=oZma=umifh +idrfatmifxdef;Edkifwm jzpfonf? aemufta&;}uD;wmwcku 'DvdkrS rajymif;vJ&ifNLD ajrv#dK;&vdrfhrnf? ajrv#dK;zdk@u NLD ygwD0ifawGtwGuf rjzpfEdkif? 'Dawmhzsufodrf; cH&zdk@yJ &Sdonf? tzsufcHwmeJ@pm&if ay:vpDtajymif;tvJ vkyfay;&wmu oufomao;w,fqdk+yD;ajymif;=uwm jzpfonf?

tajymif;tvJ qdkwmeJ@ywfouf+yD;tajymif;tvJ qdkwmeJ@ywfouf+yD;tajymif;tvJ qdkwmeJ@ywfouf+yD;tajymif;tvJ qdkwmeJ@ywfouf+yD;tajymif;tvJ qdkwmeJ@ywfouf+yD;

Auy &J@ tjrifeJ@oabmxm;Auy &J@ tjrifeJ@oabmxm;Auy &J@ tjrifeJ@oabmxm;Auy &J@ tjrifeJ@oabmxm;Auy &J@ tjrifeJ@oabmxm;

(ar - 2013)(ar - 2013)(ar - 2013)(ar - 2013)(ar - 2013)

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(4) 2012 - 2013 umvydkif;rSmawmh tar&duefeJ@ol@*dk%f;om;rsm;u tajymif;tvJvkyfjywJh yk*~dKvf (2) OD;udkqkcs =uonf? orRwawG/ 0ef}uD;csKyfawG O'[dk Armjynf vm=uonf? ydwfwmawG zGifhay;=uonf? udk,fwdkifubdkif usaecsdefqdkawmh aiGvHk;aiG&if;awG ray;Edkif? *k%fxl;aqmifqk awGyJ ay;Edkifonf? a':atmifqef;pk=unfuawmh wyH}uD;&+yD;jzpfonf? olu urBmvSnfhonf? rGef*dk;vD;,m;udkawmif ta&mufoGm;onf?

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a':pk orRwjzpfzdk@qdkv#if 2008 tajccHOya' udk jyif&rnf? }uH@zGH@ acgif;aqmifwcsdK@u jyifray;[kajymonf? enf;enf;jyifay;csifol &Sdonf? tajccHOya'jyifEdkif&ifawmh orRwjzpfEdkifwmaygh [k rwifrusajymol&Sdonf? ppfwyfuawmh bmrSrajymao;? umcsKyf wifwJh 'korRwudk orRwjzpfapcsifvdrfhrnf? }uH@zGH@ oif;uGJvdkjzpfaeolwOD;uawmh umcsKyf &J@ tcGifhtm%mudkyg uef@owfcsifwJh avoHypfonf? }uH@zGH@ acgif;aqmifpkuwnDwnf;awmh avoHrxGuf? v$wfawmfOuUXuawmh trwfawGudk rJqG,f&mrSmoHk;zdk@ usyf 10 odef;pD vmbfxdk;vdkufonf?

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a':pkuawmh b,fvdkwGuf+yD; tajccHOya'udk 2015 rwdkifrD jyifEdkifr,fxifovJ rodyg? tar&duef&J@zdtm;eJ@ vkyfEdkifr,fxifovm; rodyg?

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(5) Auy oabmxm;?- 2015 a&G;aumufyGJ u 2008 tajccHOya' (7) ESpfajrmufatmifyGJ qifE$Jwmvdk@yJ,lqonf?- 1974 tajccHOya' wkef;u 1974 - 75 - 76 v_yf&Sm;r_rsm;jzifh uqdkcH&onf? 'gawmifrS(14) ESpf&SdrS wdkufzsufEdkifcJhonf? tckyHktwdkif;qdkv#if 2008 tajccHOya' oufqdk;&Snfavawmhrnf?- 2008 tajccHOya' udk wdkufzsufEdkifrS 'Drdkua&pDtjynfht0&rnf[k ,Hk=unfonf?b,favmuf=umygap wdkufzsufzdk@ tm;xkwfrnf?- jynfol@'Drdkua&pDyef;wdkifodk@ ZGJeJ@csDwufrnf? rsdK;qufeJ@csD+yD; csDwufrnf?


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wdkif;jynfa&S@a&; Auy tawG;wdkif;jynfa&S@a&; Auy tawG;wdkif;jynfa&S@a&; Auy tawG;wdkif;jynfa&S@a&; Auy tawG;wdkif;jynfa&S@a&; Auy tawG;

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13

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14

rsdK; ray;ygeJ@/ vufeuftydkudk xrf;oGm;+yD; [dkrSm&SdwJha'ocH ajymufusm;awGudk vufeufay;+yD; jyefvmzdk@yJwm0efay;yg? olwdk@ b,fudkv$wfv$wf oGm;r,f? +yD;&ifjyefvmr,f? [dkrSm tajccs+yD; aezdk@uawmh rjzpfEdkifbl;vdk@wifjy=uw,f? aemufawmh A[dkppfaumfr&Sifu oHvGiftaemufzuful;+yD; ppfqifa&;vkyfcdkif;awmh olwdk@ wnDw!Gwfwnf; trdef@remcHbJ oydwfarSmuf=uw,f?

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udk eufeuf_dif;d_if; wl;azmf&rSmyg? qHk;H_;r_eJ@uH&if jyifyta=umif;udktjypfyHkcs+yD; udk,fvGwfkef;wm[muGefjrLepfawG&J@vkyf[ef r[kwfbl;?

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23

tifwmeufpm!$ef; -

1. http://www.turquoisehill.com/s/news_releases.asp?ReportID=375241

2. http://www.turquoisehill.com/i/pdf/Monywa_Fact_File_December_2012.pdf

3. http://www.turquoisehill.com/s/the_facts.asp?ReportID=375913

urBmht}uD;qHk;uawmh tar&duefjynfaxmifpk ,lwm;e,f (Utah) u bif*rfcsdKifh}uD; (Bingham

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4. http://www.minesandcommunities.org/article.php?a=11098

5. http://burma.irrawaddy.org/archives/7176


7. http://www2.irrawaddy.org/article.php?art_id=23206


9. http://www.defenceviewpoints.co.uk/articles-and-analysis/developmentsregarding-

the-copper-reserve-fund-in-the-chilean-defence-funding-strategy


11. http://www.mizzimaburmese.com/news/inside-burma/10530-2012-12-04-13-01-50.html12.

12. http://www.mizzimaburmese.com/news/inside-burma/10559unfc-.html

13. http://www.mizzimaburmese.com/edop/songpa/11155-2013-03-19-10-27-01.html

14. http://www.guardian.co.uk/global-development/2012/oct/25/naturalresources-blessing-curse-developing-countries

15. http://www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/from-resource-curse-toblessing-

by-joseph-estiglitz

16. http://www.environmentalgraffiti.com/featured/most-incredible-earthscars/

16808?image=11

17. http://www.environmentalgraffiti.com/featured/most-incredible-earthscars/

16808?image=19

18. http://scienceblogs.com/worldsfair/2009/07/23/mass-destruction-theenvironme/


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