Rogers, A.N. (2010), Human Behavior in Social Environment, 2nd Ed., New York, Routledge/Taylor and Francis,.

Child maltreatment includes; Abuse Neglect

Abuse: specific and repeated acts of; Physical Sexual Emotional

Drug affected babies Shaken baby syndrome Medical neglect Failure to thrive Abandonment Mental injury Threat of harm Domestic Violence Child selling

753,357 reports of child abuse and/or neglect 59 % were neglect cases 32 % were children under 3 years of age 80% of perpetrators were one or both parents 1,760 deaths

42 % were under the age of 1 76% were under the age of 4

Physical Health Psychological Behavioral Societal

Direct costs Indirect costs

Evolution The Orphan Trains Removal from family Family preservation Alternative/differential response

510,000 children in foster care

303,000 entered 289,000 exited 9.8: average age 28.3: average

length of stay in months

Percent of U.S.

Population

% in Foster Care

Difference

All children of color

42% 57% +15%

African American

15% 34% +19%

American Indian & Alaskan Native

0.9% 2.1% +2.01

All others 58% 43% -15%

Child Abuse or Religious Freedom? Does the U.S. value children?

Administration for children and Families (ACF-1): Child Maltreatment 2007 http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/cb/pubs/cm07/cm07.pdf

Child Welfare Information Gateway (CWIG-1): Child Abuse and Neglect Fatalities: Statistics and Interventions http://www.childwelfare.gov/pubs/factsheets/fatality.pdf

Child Welfare Information Gateway (CWIG-2): Long-Term Consequences of Child Abuse and Neglect http://www.childwelfare.gov/pubs/factsheets/long_term_consequences.cfm#physical

Administration for children and Families (ACF-2): The AFCARS Report http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/cb/stats_research/afcars/tar/report14.pdf

Administration for children and Families (ACF-3): Trends in Foster Care and Adoption http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/cb/stats_research/afcars/trends.htm

Casey Family Programs: Policy Brief, Disproportionality: The Overrepresentation of Children of Color in the Foster Care System http://www.casey.org/Resources/Publications/pdf/DisproportionalityPolicyBrief.pdf