saqarTvelos SoTa rusTavelis TeEatrisa da kinos saxelmwifo ...135)_2019.pdf · interesi, romelsac qarTuli mxare iCenda, Tundac, a-is mimarT, romelic sulac ucxoeTSi daibada, aRizarda

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# 7 (135) 30 seqtemberi 2019 weli # 7 (135) 30 seqtemberi 2019 weli

saqarTvelos SoTa rusTavelis TeEatrisa da kinos saxelmwifo universitetis gazeTi #7 (135) 30 seqtemberi 2019 weli

gamomcemloba `kentavri~, aRmaSeneblis gamz. 40; tel: 2999 411 (240); www. tafu.edu.ge

qarTuli Teatraluri enciklopediagazeTis es nomeri mTlianad eZRvneba mis masalebs

adamiani petros .......................................gv. 2

azmaifaraSvili Salva .............................gv. 3

aleqsi-mesxiSvili vladimer (lado mesxiSvili) ..................................gv. 5

andreevi leonid .........................................gv. 7

andronikaSvili nino ..............................gv. 7

anui Jan ..........................................................gv. 12

arayiSvili dimitri ................................gv. 13

axalSenis saxalxo Teatri ..............................................gv. 14

d. arayiSvilis opera `Tqmuleba SoTa rusTavelze~

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# 7 (135) 30 seqtemberi 2019 weli # 7 (135) 30 seqtemberi 2019 weli# 7 (135) 30 seqtemberi 2019 weli # 7 (135) 30 seqtemberi 2019 weli

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,,qarTuli Teatris enciklopedia~gagrZeleba. ix. wina nomrebi (#5_#10,2017; #1_#10, 2018; #1, #2, #3, #4, #5, #6 2019)

adamiani petros ieronivsis Ze (1849, konstantinopoli – 3. VI. 1891, iqve) – somexi msaxiobi, poeti, mxatvari.

sasceno moRvaweoba daiwyo 1866 konstantinopolis somxur TeatrSi, romelsac ,,aRmosavleTis Teatri~ ewodeboda. Tavdapirvelad franguli romantikuli skolis gavlenas ganicdida da swored ase warsdga

1870 ruseTSi, reJ. t. fasulajianis dasTan erTad. ruseT-TurqeTis omis (1877–78) dros somexi poetebis patriotul leqsebs kiTxulobda somexi axalgazrdobis TviTSegnebis asamaRleblad. mas Semdeg, rac TurqeTSi daixura somxuri Teatrebi, a. Tavis megobar-kolegebTan erTad gaemgzavra ruseTSi. 1979-dan Tbilisis somxur TeatrSi moRvaweobda da TandaTan gadavida sasceno xelovnebis realisturi skolis principebze – momdevno welsve Seasrula hamleti, amave sezonSi – xlestakovi (gogolis ,,revizoridan~), somxuri dramaturgis nimuSebic (sundukianis ,,xaTabala~) da a.S.

male mis repertuarSi saimedod damkvidrda ,,mefe liri~ (1880), ,,uriel akosta~ (1882), ,,otelo~ (1885) da sxv. rusulma presam msoflio mniSvnelobis tragikosad aRiara.

1883–88 a-ma didi sagastrolo mogzauroba moawyo ruseTis mTel imperiaSi (peterburgi, moskovi, odesa, xarkovi, yazani, astraxani, kiSinovi da a.S.). am gastrolebis dros rolebs somxur da frangul enebze asrulebda.

saqarTveloSi 1879 gamoCnda.XII saukunis gadasaxedidan (anu, roca es

striqonebi iwereba), gansakuTrebiT sasiamovnoa imis gacnobiereba, Tu ori saukunis winaT, roca TiTqmis erTdroulad aidges fexi qarTulma da somxurma Teatrebma, ra megobrul-kolegiuri, rogorc Tavadve uwodebdnen, Zmuri da mezobluri urTierToba CamouyalibdaT imTaviTve Cvens Teatralur moRvaweebs. aqedan gamomdinare, logikuria is bunebrivi interesi, romelsac qarTuli mxare iCenda, Tundac, a-is mimarT, romelic sulac ucxoeTSi daibada, aRizarda da Camoyalibda SesaniSnav msaxiobad, magram Cveni winaprebisaTvis is mainc moZme, uaxloesi mezobeli eris Svili iyo – gavixsenoT adamianuri keTilSobilebis am Taviseburi mozaikis ramdenime damaxasiaTebeli Strixi:

1880 TbilisSi gamovida a-is pirveli, 240-gverdiani wigni ,,poezia da Targmanebi~ (somxur enaze), Semdeg ki, mogvianebiT, es gamocema neapolSic daistamba (samwuxaro mxolod isaa, rom es wigni mxolod erevnis sajaro biblioTekaSia Semonaxuli da ara CvenTan);

1886 – sanimuSoa i. WavWavaZis ,,iveriis~ pozicia a-is gastrolebisadmi, raki 1886 zedized 3, uaRresad kvalificiuri, recenzia miuZRvna saxelganTqmuli

msaxiobis cnobil speqtaklebs, rogoricaa ,,edmond kini~ (9 Tebervals), ,,uriel akosta~ (19. II) da ,,otelo~ (25. II). maTi avtori iyo axalgazrda, 24 wlis v. gunia, romelmac umaRlesi profesiuli keTilsindisierebiT Seafasa am ,,maRal-niWieri artistis~ xelovneba, ,,momxiblavi xmis siuxve, namdvili artistuli gawurTvna da mSvenieri Tavis daWera scenaze... pativcemulma artistma mTlad gamoaCina Tavisi Zal-Rone da aTasnairad aaJRera mayurebelT gulisZgera~ da a.S. da a.S. Tumca arc piruTvnel kritikas moridebia, roca saWiros miiCnia (,,otelo~)... pirvelsave recenziaSi v. guniam erT metad damaxasiaTebel garemoebasac gausva xazi: ,,...ar SegviZlia ar aRvniSnoT is sasiamovno faqti, rom pativcemulma da Tavazianma artistma Cven qarTvel artistebs usasyidlod dauTmo warmodgenazed adgilebi~ – saqme isaa, rom pirvelsave speqtaklze bileTebis fasi imdenad maRali iyo, rom rogorc presaSi iTqva, aman sazogadoeba daafrTxo da darbazi naxevrad carieli iyo, amasTan recenzenti imasac dasZens: ,,Cvens artistebs, Tu ki moisurveben, SeuZlianT bevri ram Seiswavlon da SeiZinon b. adamianisagan~;

1887 weli – TbilisSi somxur enaze gamoqveynda a-is meore wigni ,,Seqspiri da kritika misis tragediisa ,,hamleti~ – samwuxarod, es gamocemac mxolod erevnis sajaro biblioTekaSia Semonaxuli;

1891 wels, qarTulma dasma, rogorc i. griSaSvili SeniSnavs g. sundukianis piesebis krebulis w i n a s i t y v a o b a S i , avadmyofi a-is dasaxmareblad gamarTa sagangebo warmodgena, romlis mTeli Semosavali ,,gadaeca niWier msaxiobs~;

1896 weli – a-is gardacvalebis Semdeg pirveli wigni isev TbilisSi gamoica – gabriel ter-gabrieliancis ,,mogoneba dauviwyar somex msaxiob petre ieronimovis Ze adamianze~ (rusul enaze). sabednierod, igi Semonaxulia Cvens sajaro biblioTekaSi;

5. VI. 1901 – gaz. ,,cnobis furceli~ mkiTxvelebs auwyebs, rom kviras 3 ivniss, tfilisis somxur eklesiaSi gadaxdili iqna cnobili somexi msaxiobis – p. adamianis gardacvalebis meaTe wlisTavi, romelsac didZali sazogadoeba daeswro;

1916 weli – popularuli Jur. ,,Teatri da cxovreba~ (#43) aqveynebs misi redaqtoris – i.

hamletis rolSi


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imedaSvilis uxvad ilustrirebul e.w. mowinave werils – ,,mezobelTa Soris~, romelic exeba a-s gardacvalebis 25 wlisTavs. statiaSi a. moxsenebulia, rogorc sasceno xelovnebis saxelganTqmuli qurumi da somxuri Teatris Suqurvarskvlavi.

1991 wels, a-is gardacvalebis 100 wlisTavze, Tbil. somxur Teatrs misi saxeli mieniWa, rac realuri gvirgvinia mTeli am STambeWdavi mozaikuri suraTisa da WeSmariti xelovnebis ukvdavebas niSnavs.

Txz.: leqsebi da Targmanebi (1880, Tbilisi, somxur enaze); Seqspiri da kritika misi tradegiisa – ,,hamleti~ (1887, somxur enaze).

lit.: valiko-ia (v. gunia), somxuri Teatri (statiaTa cikli p. adamianis gastrolebze) g. ,,iveriiis~ 1886 wlis TebervalSi: I – 9.II, II – 19.II da III – 25.II; Тер-Габриелянц Г., Воспоминания о незабываемом армянском артисте Петре Иеронимовиче Адамяне, Тифлис, 1896; a r i m a T i e l i i., (i. imedaSvili), mezobelTa Soris (p. adamiani da s. spandariani), J. ,,T. da cx.~, 1916, #43; ,,ТЭ~, М., 1961, т. 1; ,,qse~, Tb., 1975, t. 1. g. d.

adamiZe andria (adam) ilarionis Ze (...VII. 1866 – 5. V. 1937, Tbilisi) _ msaxiobi da deklamatari, profesiiT veqili, saojaxo da saubno warmodgenebis erT-erTi pionerTagani, estradis ostati. msaxiob vladimer (lado) adamiZis mama.

swavlobda Tbilisis II gimnaziaSi. swored gimnaziaSi gamovida pirvelad scenaze, vano mWedliSvilTan da sxvebTan erTad. 1884 _ 85 rogorc, i. imedaSvili wers, SiSiTa da krZalviT 12 ufaso warmodgena gamarTa (àrsena~, `Zunwi karapeta~, `maTiko~ da sxv.). saqme isaa, rom im dros policia sastikad sdevnida aseT warmodgenebs. Jur. ,,Teatri da cxovreba~ (1914, #11, gv. 15) kidev ufro afarToebs am sias da gvidasturebs, rom maSin swored a-is TaosnobiT am dros daidga agreTve sxva speqtaklebic: ,,baiyuSi~, ,,coli vitiro Tu fuli?~, ,,umanko patarZali~, ,,advokati melaZe~ da sxv.

policiis devna arc SemdgomSi Senelebula, magram, miuxedavad amisa, 1887 _ 88, d. awyurelTan, v. gamyreliZesTan da sxvebTan erTad, a. yovelkvira avWalis quCaze (`garabcovebis darbazSi~) warmodgenebs marTavda. 1889 sandro nebieriZem, dram. sazogadoebis nebarTviT, veris dasawyisSi, meburnuTivis mamulSi, sadac axla e.w. meliq kazariancis saxli dgas, gaxsna saxalxo Teatri, romelmac mxolod erTi weliwadi iarseba. am xnis ganmavlobaSi a. iq gamodioda da, rogorc Cans, kargadac, radgan 1890, d. awyurelTan da v. gamyreliZesTan erTad, miiwvies qarTuli dram. sazogadoebis dasSi, yofil arwrunis qarvaslaSi, sadac 25 weli imuSava.

1904, gigo Carkvianis TxovniT, naZaladevis saxalxo Teatrs Caudga saTaveSi, amave dros, yofil zubalaSvilebis saxalxo saxlis speqtaklebSic monawileoba da avWalis TeatrSic. xSirad iyo gastrolebze quTaisSi, xaSursa da gorSi. al. mesxiSvilmac miiwvia Tavis dasSi, roca sagastrolod gaeSura baqoSi, ganjasa da WiaTuraSi.

sxva sityvebiT rom vTqvaT, am droisaTvis a. sakmaod cnobili msaxiobi gaxldaT, taso abaSiZis uSualo partniori da periodul presaSic xSirad iyo jerovnad reklamirebuli. popularuli gazeTi ,,isari~ (1907, #39) magaliTad, tradiciulad uxmobda mkiTxvel-mayureblebs Teatr ,,renesansSi~, sadac 21 Tebervals ,,qarTuli dramatuli dasis artistebis q-n taso abaSiZisa da b-n a. adamiZis monawileobiT~ warmodgenili iqneboda rusulad erTmoqmedebiani vodevili ,,saubeduro debiuti~, qarTulad ki TviT a. adamiZis aseve erTmoqmedebiani vodevili ,,zrdiloba~ da a.S.

a. niWieri deklamatoric iyo. xSirad gamodioda imdroindeli TeatrisaTvis esoden damaxasiaTebel divertismentebSi da cnobili qarTveli poetebis leqsebs ukiTxavda sazogadoebas. saintereso informacias gvawvdis am mxriv Jur. ,,klde~ (1914, #6, gv. 11), rom 10 Tebervals, qarTuli kulturis moyvarulTa sazogadoeba qarTul TeatrSi marTavs saRamos, sadac Tavdapirvelad warmodgenili iqneba ,,jer daixocnen, mere daqorwildnen~, v. abaSiZisa da e. CerqeziSvilis monawileobiT, Semdeg ki saliteraturo samusiko ganyofilebaSi monawileobas iReben: a. adamiZe, i. griSaSvili, sof. mgalobliSvili, g. quCiSvili, s. faSaliSvili da sxv.

TanamedroveTa mogonebiT, a. pirvelxarisxovan msaxiobad ar iTvleboda, magram sazogadoebaSi didi siyvaruliT sargeblobda. Zalian kargad TamaSobda imereli axalgazrdebis rolebs: kostaia (`rac ginaxavs, veRar naxav~), ivanika (`Zunwi~), lomin godabreliZe (`dava~). aseve kargad kiTxulobda leqsebso, gansakuTrebiT ar axnazarovis leqss _ `ra masmevs Rvinos~ (n. gvaraZe).

lit.: j a b a u r i g., qarTuli saxalxo Teatris istoria, J. ,,T. da cx,~, 1914, #11; g v a r a Z e n., Teatraluri memuarebi, Tb., 1949; i m e d a S v i l i i., qarTvel moRvaweTa leqsikoni, Tb., 2018, t. 1.

g. d.

azmaifaraSvili Salva ilias Ze (25. XII. 1902, Tbilisi – 17. V. 1957, iqve) – diriJori, kompozitori, saq. xel. dams. moR. (1941), saxelmw. pr. laureati (1947).

a-s imdenad duxWiri da gausaZlisi bavSvoba hqonda, rom aranairi dawyebiTi Tu saSualo musikaluri ganaTleba ar miuRia, saerTod mowyvites swavlas, me-4 klasidan gamoiyvanes, raTa Rarib mamas 11-Sviliani

ojaxis rCenaSi waxmareboda. musikosobaze meocnebe 14 wlis biWma veRar gauZlo ocnebaTa aseT msxvrevas da saxlidan gaipara _ ase aRmoCnda rkinigzis sadgurSi mdgar samxedro eSelonSi, sadac mtirali bavSvi mxolod maSin SeamCnies, roca matarebeli daiZra.

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samxedro nawilis ufrosis gankargulebiT, iSviaTi musikaluri monacemebiT dajildoebuli ltolvili legionis `musikosTa razmSi” Cairicxa... (uaxloesi megobris, kompozitor S. mSveliZis mogonebidan).

gaivlis damoukidebeli, e.w. TviTganviTarebis urTulesi, magram vnebis simZafriT damuxtuli wlebi, a-m imsaxura miliciaSic da armiaSic, sadac, sakuTari aRiarebiT, arsebiTad daiwyo kidec misi, rogorc profesionali musikosis, realuri cxovreba; safuZvlianad gaecno sasule sakravebs, gansakuTrebuli warmatebiT daeufla iseT faqiz instruments, rogoricaa korneti da ai, 1924, sakmaod momzadebuli da gamxnevebuli, niWieri jariskaci swored am samxedro nawilis mzrunvelobiTa da SuamdgomlobiT Sevida Tbil. konservatoriaSi.

konservatoriis maSindelma reqtorma _ z. faliaSvilma, armiis warmogzavnil jariskacs e.w. dasartyami sakravebis (timpanino, qsilofoni da a.S.) Seswavla daavala, rac didi mondomebiT da warmatebiT iqna Sesrulebuli. am gamorCeuli sibejiTisTvis a. àxalgazrda qarTvel musikosTa sazogadoebis” wevrad miiRes da misma diriJorma _ iv. faliaSvilma dasartyam sakravTa partiebis Sesrulebac swored mas miando.

konservatoriaSi warCinebuli swavlis periodSive iwyebs a. pedagogiursa da damoukidebel SemoqmedebiT moRvaweobas. kerZod, musikis elementaruli kursis Teoriisa da harmoniis kursebs uZRveba pirvel musikalur saswavlebelSi, 1926-dan ki diriJorobac daiwyo, a/k rkinigzis muSebis moyvarulTa simfoniuri orkestri Camoayaliba, paralelurad warmatebiT xelmZRvanelobs saq. politeqnikuri institutis studentur simfoniur orkestrs, rac, cxadia, profesiuli daostatebis seriozul skolad iqca.

a-ma studentobis drosve mosinja Zalebi kompoziciaSic: sonata fortepianosTvis, vokaluri nawarmoebebi axalgazrda qarT. poetebis leqsebze (`mwyemsuri”, òrovela~, ìavnana~, `Conguruli~, `muxambazi~ _ gr. orbelianis mixedviT) da a.S.

1928 daamTavra konservatoriis instrumentuli fak-ti da swavla gaagrZela sakompozicio da sadiriJoro ganxriT. 2 welSi sakompozicio specialobac daamTavra. saxelmw. gamocdaze waradgina safortepiano piesa (`revolucia~) da maRali Sefasebac daimsaxura. rogorc warCinebuli studenti, 1931-dan datoves aspiranturaSi (xelm. prof. s. barxudariani). paralelurad sadiriJoro xelovnebas eufleba prof. m. bagrinovskis klasSi da imdenad seriozul warmatebas aRwevs, rom imave wels, diriJor-asistentad miiwvies operaSi, momaval wels ki damoukidebeli diriJoris Static daimsaxura.

a-is sadiriJoro xelovnebis srulyofaSi mniSvnelovani wvlili miuZRvis ev. miqelaZes, miuxedavad imisa, rom arasdros yofila misi oficialuri pedagogi. isini jer kidev àxalgazrda qarTvel musikosTa sazogdoebis~ simfoniur orkestrSi erTad muSaobisas dauaxlovdnen erTmaneTs.

1932 Sedga a-is erTob warmatebuli sadiriJoro debiuti _ m. balanCivaZis `Tamar cbieri~, romelsac mohyva v. doliZis `qeTo da kote~ (1934), 1936 ganaaxla d. arayiSvilis `Tqmuleba SoTa

rusTavelze~. amave wels dawyebul iqna sayovelTao mzadeba moskovSi qarTuli xelovnebis pirveli dekadis Casatareblad. SeirCa 4 saukeTeso qarTveli opera, romelTa diriJoroba miendo e. miqelaZesa (àbesalom da eTeri~, `daisi~) da a-s (`qeTo da kote~, `Tamar cbieri~). es ukve aRiareba iyo _ 1938 igi operis mT. diriJorad dainiSna da mTeli 14 weli Rirseulad uZRveboda am saxelovan Teatrs.

mT. diriJoris rangSi a-ma mraval operas uxelmZRvanela: gr. kilaZis `lado kecxoveli~ da i. tuskias `samSoblo” (orive 1941), v. gokielis `patara kaxi” da meierberis `hugonotebi~ (orive 1943), musorgskis `boris godunovi~ (1945) da a.S., magram yvelaze gansakuTrebuli mainc iyo ukvdavi `vefxistyaosnis~ Temaze agebuli monumenturi opera S. mSveliZisa _ ̀ ambavi tarielisa” (1946), ris gamoc, sxvebTan erTad, saxelmw. pr. daimsaxura (1947).

a-is bolo namuSevari mSobliur operis TeatrSi iyo sakuTari operis (`xevisberi goCa~) premiera 21. IV. 1951. samwuxarod, mis am, erTaderT, operas warmateba ver xvda wilad da avtorma igi Tavad moxsna repertuaridan.

rogorc Cans, ase ar unda damTavrebuliyo a-is, rogorc kompozitoris, SemoqmedebiTi gza da amis utyuari niSania is ori opereta, romelic warmatebiT ganxorcielda Tbil. muskomediaSi. gansakuTrebiT gaxmaurda `rac ginaxavs, veRar naxav~ (a. cagarlis amave saxelwodebis komediis mixedviT), raSic mniSvnelovani wvlili miuZRvis libretos avtors, cnobil poetsa da literators, p. gruzinskis, romelmac misTvis damaxasiaTebel romantikul-lirikul stilSi gaSala qarTul Teatrsa da kinoSi esoden damuSavebuli nawarmoebi da mZlavri impulsi misca kompozitors. mravali wlis ganmavlobaSi amSvenebda Tbil. muskomedias es mSvenieri dadgma (reJ. a. CxartiSvili), romlis popularoba gascda saqarTvelos farglebs. moskovis radiokomitetma a-s sagangebod SeukveTa operetis musikaluri montaJi didi orkestrisaTvis, rac umokles droSi iqna Sesrulebuli _ operetis rusul variants ewoda _ `tasia~ da igi gamudmebiT sruldeboda moskovis radioTi.

meore opereta `nanatri saqmro~ (libretos avtorebi: g. naxucriSvili, l. Wubabria, p. gruzinski, reJ. S. mesxi) Tanamedrove Temaze iyo da 1956 daidga.

saqarTvelos radios fonotekaSi uxvad Semonaxuli Canawerebi, naTlad miuTiTeben imis Taobaze, Tu ra nayofierad imoRvawa a-ma 1943_50, roca xelmZRvanelobda radios simfoniur orkestrs, miuxedavad imisa, rom am wlebSi saopero Teatris mT. diriJoric gaxldaT. aseve warmatebiT xelmZRvanelobda Teatridan wasvlis (1952) Semdeg saq. saxelmw. simfoniur orkestrsac (1954_57).

sakmaod nayofierad iTanamSromla a-ma qarTul kinoSic: misi musika JRers s. doliZis pirvelive xmovan mxat. filmSi (ùkanaskneli jvarosnebi~, 1934), _ vl. mujiris animaciur namuSevrebSic (àrgonavtebi”, 1936, ̀ Ciora~ 1939, `gadaaWarba~ 1942), mraval dokumentur filmSi, rogoricaa: `rionhesi~ (1934), `cecxlovani kolxeTi~ (1936), ìlia WavWavaZe~ (1937), `SoTa


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rusTaveli~ (1938), àxali svaneTi~ (1939) da a.S. isic xazgasmiT unda aRiniSnos, rom swored a-ma udiriJora qarTuli kinos mSvenebas (`qeTo da kote~, 1948, reJ. v. tabliaSvili da S. gedevaniSvili).

lit.: g o g o Z e k., narkvevebi qarTuli kinematografiis istoriidan, Tb., 1950; C x i k v a Z e g., saqarTvelos sabWoTa kompozitorebi, Tb., 1956; `ТЭ~, М., 1961, т.1; m S v e l i Z e S., mgznebare diriJori, J., `sx~, 1963, #8; `qse~, Tb., 1975, t. 1; C x i k v a Z e g., qarTuli musikis moamage, g. ,,Tb”., 14. VI. 1977; J v a n i a g., qarTuli dokumenturi kino, Tb., 1990; k v i r i k a Z e T., Salva azmaifaraSvili, Tb., 1996; enc. ̀ saq-lo~, Tb., 1997, t. 1, musikis enciklopediuri leqsikoni. Tb., 2007; qarTuli kino _ enc. leqsikoni, Tb., 2011; i m e d a S v i l i i., qarTvel moRvaweTa leqsikoni, Tb., 2018.

g. d.

aleqsi-mesxiSvili vladimer sardionis-Ze – lado mesxiSvili (16. II. 1857, Tbilisi – 24. XI. 1920, iqve) – msaxiobi, reJisori, sazogado moRvawe, saq. sax. art. (wodeba mieniWa gardacvalebis me-10 wlisTavze – 1930).

lados mama cnobili samxedro eqimi da sazogado moRvawe iyo. daamTavra Tbilisis sasuliero seminaria da ruseTis samedicino qirurgiuli akademiis moskovis ganyofileba.

a. swavlobda Tbil. frangul, Semdeg ki germanul kerZo pansionSi. 1889–71 kievis kadetTa korpusSia, mogvianebiT swavlobs moskovis un-tis samedicino fak-tze. avadmyofobis gamo un-ts ver amTavrebs, brundeba samSobloSi da muSaobas iwyebs Tbil. klimiaSvilis kerZo pansionSi, Semdgom ki Telavis wminda ninos dedaTa saswavlebelSi. 3 weli aswavlis: bunebismetyvelebas, fiziologiasa da anatomias. paralelurad monawileobs rus scenismoyvareTa warmodgenebSi. XX s-is 80-ani wlebis damdegisaTvis igi ukve Tbil. rusul saxelmw. dram. TeatrSia. TamaSobs kurCaevs (i. CerniSevis `daqceuli ojaxi~). misi aqtioruli monacemebi cnobili xdeba da erT-erTi speqtaklis antraqtis dros mas ewvevian: i. WavWavaZe, d. erisTavi da m. bebuTiSvili, romelTac SesTavazes, SeerTeboda mudmivmoqmedi qarTuli Teatris dass. lado mesxiSvili iRebs am mowvevas, miuxedavad imisa, rom kargad ver flobs mSobliur enas. msaxiobis talantiTa da garegnobiT moixibla d. erisTavi, romelsac ukve gadmoqarTulebuli hqonda sardus `flandria~ (`samSoblo~) da CaTvala, rom ximSiaSvilis Semsrulebeli vipoveo, Tanac piroba dado, qarTuli enis srulyofilad dauflebaSi davexmarebio.

10. X. 1881 a. TamaSobs vilkens (mansfeldis piesaSi `SeSlilia~). es iyo misi I roli qarT. scenaze. erTi kviris Semdeg ki ukve gamarTuli qarTuliT asrulebs erT-erT mTavar rols (indo

– i. CerniSevis `daqceuli ojaxi~, 1881), xolo 1886 axal dadgmaSi _ Tavad lord harleigs. msaxiobis didi warmatebiT frTaSesxmuli i. WavWavaZe vrcel recenziebs aqveynebs ̀ iveriaSi~. am droisaTvis a. sayovelTaod aRiarebuli msaxiobia. mas ukve Seqmnili aqvs patriotuli suliskveTebiT gamsWvaluli dauviwyari saxe levan ximSiaSvilisa (d. erisTavis ̀ samSoblo~, 1882, r-sac igi araerTxel daubrundeba Tavisi Semoqmedebis ganmavlobaSi). mis repertuarSia: hamleti (Seqspiris `hamleti~, 1883, 1885), Tavadi bagrati (k. mesxis `bagrat IV, 1885), Salva axalcixeli (a. mesxis `Tamar batoniSvili~, 1884), korado (p. jakometis ̀ damnaSavis ojaxi~, 1886), mgosani goCa (ak. wereTlis `Tamar cbieri~, 1887) da sxv. msaxiobis udavo talanti, Seudarebeli xma, momxiblavi garegnoba, àpolonuri saxe~, metyveli, elvare Tvalebi, detalebze muSaobis kultura, romant. zeaweuli grZnobebis wrfelad gamoxatvis ostatoba, Jestisa da mimikis zusti mignebisa da moqalaqeobrivi poziciis demonstrirebis unari, mis TayvanismcemelTa rigebs sul ufro da ufro afarToebs. miuxedavad amisa, qarT. TeatrSi arsebuli mZime viTareba araerTxel aiZulebs msaxiobs ruseTSi wavides samuSaod.

1880 pirvelad tovebs qarTul scenas, 1882 ukan brundeba da maSinve TamaSobs Tavis erT-erT saukeTeso rols _ franc moors (Sileris `yaCaRebi~). igi periodulad karl moorsac ansaxierebda erTsa da imave warmodgenaSi. sulierad da fizikurad maxinji karlos saxeSi mayureblisaTvis Zneli iyo a-is Secnoba. igi uzado artistulobiTa da gardasaxvis brwyinvale ostatobiT warmosaxavda personaJs da didi xnis ganmavlobaSi sxvadasxva scenaze TamaSobda mas. g. qiqoZe igonebda: `rodesac ukve laipcigis universitetSi vswavlobdi, gamoCenili avstrieli tragikosis iozef kadencis gastrols daveswari. igi franc mooris rols asrulebda. Cems gverdiT mjdomare studentebs vuTxari, quTaisSi gvyavs msaxiobi, romlis franci bevrad ufro momwons-meTqi. maT gaocebuli TvalebiT Semomxedes. ra aris quTaisi da vin unda iyos viRac ucnobi qarTveli msaxiobi, rom venis burgTeatris premiers Seedaroso? a. marTlac Seudarebeli franci iyo. TbilisSi sagastrolod Camosulma a. petipam (marius petipas Svili) franc mooris roli amoiRo Tavis repertuaridan mas Semdeg, rac a-is qmnilebas gaecno.

1893–94, 1894–96 qarTul TeatrSi iqmneba jer `msaxiobTa amxanagoba~, Semdeg ki _ `qarTuli warmodgenebis mmarTveli kerZo amxanagoba~, sadac a. miiwvies ukve rogorc reJisori. aq man dadga: d. erisTavis `davidaraba~, Seqspiris `hamleti~, r. erisTavis `jer daixocnen, Semdeg iqorwines~, v. abaSiZis mier rusulidan gadmoqarTulebuli xuTmoqmedebiani melodrama ̀ danaSauli da sasjeli~, ak. wereTlis `patara kaxi~, v. gunias `da-Zma~ da sxv.

a-is iniciativiT iqmneba msaxiobTa prof. ostatobis asamaRlebeli kursebi, sadac igi moRvaweobs rogorc pedagogi. a. ufro metad eufleba reJisuris profesias (mas asze meti piesa

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aqvs dadgmuli). kidev ufro ixveweba misi samsaxiobo ostatoba, kidev ufro TvalsaCino xdeba romant. gmiris warmosaxvis paTosi da orientacia evrop. Teatr. kulturaze.

1893 `yaCaRebis~ warmodgenisas a. mouxerxeblad gaiTamaSebs francis Tavis CamoxrCobis scenas da kargavs xmas. TanamemamuleTa xelSewyobiT igi ramdenjerme miemgzavreba sazRvargareT samkurnalod. samwuxarod, Catarebuli operacia srulad mainc ver aRadgens umdidresi modulaciis mqone mis xaverdovan xmas, magram am droisaTvis igi ukve flobs iseT aqtiorul ostatobas, rom gabzaruli xma mis mier gansaxierebuli gmirebis organul metyvelebad aRiqmeba. 1895 TamaSobs uriels (k. guckovis ùriel akosta~) da pirovnebis TavisuflebisaTvis ukompromisod mebrZoli am gmiris saxe mniSvnelovan adgils ikavebs mis SemoqmedebiT biografiaSi. am mxatvrul saxes msaxiobi Semdgomac araerTgzis ubrundeba.

1897–1906 a. quTaisis dram. Teatris xelmZRvanelia. mis saxelTanacaa dakavSirebuli Teatr. kulturis aRorZineba das. saqarTveloSi. igi sistematurad marTavs gastrolebs (baTumi, foTi, soxumi, WiaTura, samtredia, zestafoni). am speqtaklebs uamravi xalxi eswreba, maTi paTosi tiraniis winaaRmdegaa

mimarTuli, gamsWvalulia erovnul-ganmanaT. ideebiT. a. gamodis barikadebze, kiTxulobs mgznebare patr. leqsebs, aqtiurad uWers mxars samarTlianobisaTvis mebrZol xalxs da aSkarad upirispirdeba arsebul reJims. TavisuflebisaTvis brZolis wadils aRagznebs sxvadasxva dros Seqmnili misi saukeTeso speqtaklebi: k. montis `kaius grakxi~, h. hauptmanis `feiqrebi~, a. diumas èdmund kini~, Seqspiris ìulius keisari~ da òtelo~, al. sumbaTaSvili-iuJinis `Ralati~, v. hiugos `rui blazi~ da sxv. a-is mier am warmodgenebSi gansaxierebuli mTavari gmirebi misi aqtior. biografiis mSvenebad arian aRiarebulni. igi agreTve qmnis raspluevis (a. suxovo-kobilinis `kreCinskis qorwineba~) da gorodniCis (gogolis ̀ revizori~) SesaniSnav komed. saxeebs da kvlav adasturebs Tavisi mravalmxrivi talantis universalur xasiaTs.

1905 revoluciis marcxiT gamowveuli depresia, quTaisSi SemoRebuli saalyo wesebi (komendatis saaTi), speqtaklebis akrZalva, umZimesi piradi ekon. mdgomareoba a-s aiZulebs datovos samSoblo. 1906–10, 1915–20 igi kvlav rusul scenaze moRvaweobs. 1907 moskovis samxatvro TeatrSia. geografia im antreprizebisa, romlebSic a. monawileobda, moicavda: taSkents, samaryands, katayurRans, riazans, novosibirsks, odesas, sadac igi k. marjaniSvilis TanaSemwed muSaobda erTxans. ruseTSi mas mravali warmateba xvda wilad. iq mas icnobdnen rogorc aleqseev-mesxievs. gadaRebulia 30-ze met filmSi. gauTavebelma xetialma, gausaZlisma ekon. mdgomareobam, igi kvlav saqarTveloSi daabruna.

a-is moRvaweobam waruSleli kvali datova qarT. kult. istoriaSi. didi roli iTamaSa Teatr. xelovn. popularizebaSi, msaxiobis profesiis avtoritetis amaRlebaSi. igi iyo Tavisi drois saukeTeso miswrafebebis gamomxatveli, mayurebelTa WeSmariti gulTampyrobeli sax. artisti. araerTi speqtaklis Semdeg cxenebgamoxsnil mis etls axalgazrdebi ebmodnen. medalionSi Casmul mis portrets ki, ara mxolod axali Taobis warmomadgenlebi atarebdnen.madlierma saqarTvelom 10. II. 1913 a-s gadauxada

grandiozuli iubile, r-is mniSvnelobasa da masStabs ak. wereTlis legendarul iubiles adareben. qarT. dram. Teatris scenaze igi swored ak. wereTelma warudgina aRtacebul sazogadoebas. saiubileo dReebi gaimarTa quTaisSi, foTSi, baTumSi, WiaTuraSi, zestafonsa da samtrediaSi. i. nikolaZem Seqmna misi biusti (inaxeba saq. Teatris, kinosa da musikis saxelmw. muzeumSi). t. tabiZe werda: àris ostati, romelic cxovrobs Tavisi SemoqmedebiT, romelic ganuwyveteli Semoqmedebis JruanteliT TrTis, romlis gaTiSva SeuZlebelia misi qmnilebisagan. mas aqvs mozRvavebuli mewyeris STagoneba da Tu zvavad wamovida, ar gaCerdeba, sxvasac gaitans da TviTonac daiferfleba. am bunebis ostatebi iyvnen k. marjaniSvili da l. mesxiSvili~ (gaz. `sabWoTa xelovneba~, 1933, #3).

a. dakrZalulia didubis panTeonSi. lit.: k a s r a Z e d., lado aleqsi-mesxiSvili, Tb.,

1913; m a n s v e t a S v i l i i., mogonebani, Tb., 1936; z u r a b i S v i l i i., oTxi portreti, Tb., 1948; q i q o Z e g., mogonebani, Tb., 1956; ,,ТЭ~, М., 1961, т.

a. guckovi _ ùriel akosta~


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1; b u r T i k a S v i l i a., lado mesxiSvili, Tb., 1962; f a R a v a a., lado mesxiSvili, Tb., 1969; ,,qse’’, t. I,ATb., 1975; k a s r a Z e o., kvali naTeli kacisa, Tb., 1984; enc. ,,saq-lo~, Tb., 1997, t. 1.

d. m.

andreevi leonid nikolozis Ze (9. VIII. 1871, orioli _ 12. IX. 1919, nevada, fineTi) _ rusi mwerali, dramaturgi.

daamTavra moskovis un-tis iur. f-ti (1897). literaturuli moRvaweoba daiwyo 1895. moTxrobebis pirvelive krebuliT (1901), a-ma didi popularoba moipova. male igi XX s. pirveli naxevris ruseTSi namdvil kerpad iqca. eqspertebi miiCnevdnen,

rom misi Semoqmedebis inteleqtualur sayrdens nicSes, Sopenhauerisa da dostoevskis nawarmoebebi warmoadgenda

a. imTaviTve miemxro mweralTa jgufs, romelsac `Знание~ (`codna~) ewodeboda. amave dros, gansakuTrebiT interess iCenda im speqtaklebis mimarT, romlebic samxatvro TeatrSi idgmeboda Cexovis, ibsenis, hauptmanis mixedviT da periodul presaSi erTob pozitiur publikaciebs aqveynebda samxatvro Teatris realistur tendenciebze, Tumca Teoretikosebs ar gamorCeniaT imis SeniSvna, rom revoluciamdeli rusuli Teatris am erT-erT yvelaze popularuli dramaturgis adreul piesebSi aSkarad Canda winaaRmdegobrivi xasiaTi misi Semoqmedebisa, romelic gamsWvaluli iyo sulieri dacemulobisa da avadmyofuri ganwyobilebis niSnebiT. ruseTis pirveli revoluciis damarcxebis Semdeg ki, a-is azriT, TviT drom wauyena xelovnebas axali moTxovnebi da swored amis niSania a-is Semdgomi prozauli da dramaturgiuli nawarmoebebi.

unda iTqvas, rom qarTuli sazogadoeba imTaviTve gansakuTrebuli yuradRebiT moekida a-s gamoCenas SemoqmedebiT asparezze _ 1904 TbilisSi iTargmna da calke wignad gamovida misi moTxroba ,,wiTeli sicili~, 1907 _ piesa ,,adamianis cxovreba~ (`Жизнь человека”), xolo 1908 _ 09 ukve qarTul scenaze ganxorcielda a-is erT-erTi gaxmaurebuli piesa `dReni Cveni cxovrebisa~ rogorc TbilisSi, ise quTaisSi da mravali welic amSvenebda sxvadasxva regionis Teatrebis repertuars.

qarTul periodul presaSi gaiSala cxare kamaTi a-is SemoqmedebiT individualobaze (k. abaSiZe, iv. gomarTeli, n. miwiSvili, gr. veSapiZe da sxv.). amasobaSi k. marjaniSvili imdroindel rusul sinamdvileSi p i r v e l i dgams a-is am popularul piesas (àdamianis cxovrebas~), Tanac, rogorc cnobilia, nawarmoebs k. marjaniSvili oTxjer miubrunda _ pirvelad 1907, xarkovis antrerizaSi ganaxorciela (piesa Tavad a-ma gamougzavna), paralelurad mas stanislavski dgamda samxatvro TeatrSi, meiarholdi _ ki komisarJevskaias TeatrSi). amave wels xarkovis antreprizidan `solovcovis~ TeatrSi gadasvlis

Semdeg, marjaniSvili axal SemsruleblebTan imeorebs Tavis dadgmas. speqtakls udidesi warmateba xvda aramarto kievSi, aramed _ odesaSic, sadac warmodgenili iyo meore SemadgenlobiT.

àndreevis piesis arc erT dadgmas ar hqonia iseTi politikuri reputacia, rogorc marjaniSvilis dadgmas. masSi gamovlinda marjaniSviliseuli meamboxe, mebrZoli suli. aq naTlad gamoCnda reJisoris unari dramaturgiuli masalidan aeRo is, rac aamaRlebda da ara daamdablebda adamianurs adamianSi. am moments ki im wlebSi gansakuTrebuli mniSvneloba eniWeboda~ (eT. guguSvili).

a-ma, rogorc aseT SemTxvevaSi ityvian, ar miiRo oqtombris revolucia, umal gadavida fineTSi da iqve gardaicvala male _ 48 wlis asakSi.

Txz.: wiTeli sicili, tf. 1904; adamianis cxovreba, tf. 1907; Полн. Собр. Соч., Т. 1 _ 8, 1913; qurdi, Tb., 1973; iuda iskarioteli, Tb., 2011; Svidi CamoxrCobilis ambavi, Tb., 2011; sjani, ortomeuli, Tb., 2016.

lit.: m i w i S v i l i n., l. andreevi da Teatris momavali, J. ̀ T. da cx.~ 1914, #28; ̀ ТЭ~, М., 1961, т.1; g u g u S v i l i e., kote marjaniSvili, Tb., 1972; `qse”, Tb., 1975, t.1; s a r i b e k o v a l., leonid andreevi da kote marjaniSvili, J. ̀ sx~, 1977, #11; misive, leonid andreevis ̀ axali drama~ qarTul kritikaSi, J. `Teatraluri moambe~, 1984, #3.

g. d.

andronikaSvili (abaSiZe) nino daviTis as. (29. VI. 1900, gurjaani – 21. X. 1983, Tbilisi) – msaxiobi, saq. dams. art. (19...), popularuli msaxiobis – dodo (daviT) abaSiZis deda. 1908–18 swavlobda Tbilisis I qalTa gimnaziaSi, 1933–36 ki – rusTavelis Teatris studiaSi, romelsac s. axmeteli xelmZRvanelobda. 1936 muSaoba daiwyo lanCxuTis saxelmw. TeatrSi, raki iq samxatvro xelmZRvanelad da

direqtorad gadaiyvanes misi meuRle, rusTavelis Teatris cnobili msaxiobi – ivane (vaniko) abaSiZe. aq a-ma mxolod oriode rolis Sesruleba moaswro (,,Semodgomis aznaurebi~, ,,ninoSvilis guria~, ,,nabiWvari~), 1937 ianvar-TebervalSi moskovSi gamarTul qarTul xelovnebis I dekadazec gamovida, rogorc sandro kavsaZis saxelovani gundis monawile, magram, samwuxarod, meuRle 37 wlebis represiebs Seewira da iZulebuli gaxda TbilisSi dabrunebuliyo.

1938–48 a. Tbil. muskomediis msaxiobia, mravali da saintereso roli Seasrula mis scenaze: elga (j. fletCeris ,,espaneli mRvdeli~, dadgma m. Wiaurelisa da d. ZnelaZisa), aneta (m. jafariZisa da m. gogiaSvilis ,,uCin-maCini~, reJ.: d. ZnelaZe da g. fronispireli), s. morbelaZis coli (d. kldiaSvilis ,,Semodgomis aznaurebi~, reJ. g. robaqiZe), nene (z. antonovis ,,mzis dabneleba saqarTveloSi~, reJ. b. gamrekeli),

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doroTea (l. d. vegas ,,Tiva da avi ZaRli~, reJ. m. Wiaureli), magdana (masisa da kuliCenkos ,,ayvavebuli baRi~, reJ. b. gamrekeli – yvela am speqtaklis kom. – v. cagareiSvili) da sxv.

presam gansakuTrebiT gamohyo fatis roli S. dadianis ,,naperwklidan~: ,,SesaniSnavad Seasrula fatis roli n. andronikaSvilma. misi TamaSi mdidari iyo rogorc bunebriobiT, ise aqtioruli xelovnebiT. andronikaSvilis mier Sesrulebuli fatis roli darCa erT-erT saukeTeso saxed~ (J. ,,sx~, 1939, #5).

a-is, rogorc namdvili msaxiobisa da moqalaqis, mamuliSviluri pozicia mTeli mgznebarebiT gamovlinda II msoflio omis (1941–45) mrisxane dReebSi, roca kavkasiis frontze aramarto organizebas uwevda im droisaTvis esoden damaxasiaTebel xelovanTa saSefo muSaobas, aramed uSualod gamodioda samxedro nawilebsa da hospitalebSi gamarTul koncertebSi konferansied da qarTveli dedis siyvaruliTa da siTboTi aRavsebda mebrZolebsa Tu daWrilebs. am Tavdauzogavi SemarTebisaTvis igi jerovnad iqna dajildoebuli mravali, sxvadasxvagvari sapatio sigeliTa Tu medliT, ris Sesaxebac ase gasagebi siamayiT miuTiTebs saxelmwifo muzeumebSi dacul CanawerebSi. 1949–51 ki a. administratoria saqarTvelos filarmoniis im SemoqmedebiTi brigadisa (imdroindeli terminia), romelsac qarTuli kinos maradiuli legenda – nato vaCnaZe xelmZRvanelobda omgadaxdili xalxis sanugeSod da am mizniT mTel saqarTveloSi mogzaurobda nato vaCnaZesTan, Tamar WavWavaZesTan, kira andronikaSvilTan da sxva saxelovan moRvaweebTan erTad.

lit.: a s t v a c a t u r o v i (qareliSvili) e., ,,naperwklidan~ Tbilisis sax. musikaluri komediis TeatrSi, J. ,,sx~, 1939, #5; m i r c x ul a v a b., g e g e n a v a d., xelovanTa ojaxi, iqve, 1964, #2; S a l u t a S v i l i n., cxovreba keTili, lamazi, J. ,,saqarTvelos qali~, 1983, #6; b a b u n a S v i l i z., mamuliSvilTa savane, Tb., 1994; f. 1, saq. 1299, x. 16557.

g. d.

àntigone~ rusTavelis TeatrSi (1968)

àntigone~, J. anuis inteleqtualuri drama, rusTavelis Teatris mcire scenaze daidga 1968. mTargmnelebi T. da o. WilaZeebi, reJisori _ m. TumaniSvili, mxatvari _ g. gunia, premiera _7/VI.

imJamad msoflio moicva axalgazrdobis amboxma: martSi dawyebuli safrangeTis studenturi, antikonformistuli moZraoba gadaedo das. germanias, ingliss, iaponiasa da aSS-s. agvistoSi sabWoTa tankebma dalaSqres amboxebuli Cexoslovakia, saxelmw. gadatrialebis Sedegad damyarda samxedro diqtatura saberZneTSi, romelmac gamoxata dasavluri orientacia. sabW. ruseTis imperia ki SeeCvia ubeladod cxovrebas, ideologiuri wnexi uwindeburad mZvinvarebda, magram reJimi Sesustebuli aRmoCnda, sabWoTa kavSiris saerTaS. avtoriteti sagrZnoblad daeca.

m. TumaniSvilis Canafiqri exmianeboda epoqis suliskveTebas. repeticiebi daiwyes 5. III. sajaro ganxilvaze (15. VI) oficiozma dadgma gaakritika Tamami

interpretaciisTvis. m. TumaniSvilma gamokveTilad gamosaxa ideaTa Widili miTologizmisaTvis organuli paraboluri azrovnebiT, metaforaTa sistemiT, arCevanis radikalizaciiT. kreonti ambobda `ho!~ is respeqtabeluri yofis simbolod aRiqmeboda, antigone ambobda _àra~! is maradiul meamboxed rCeboda. drois montaJiT, Segnebuli ekleqtizmiT miRweuli iyo zedroulobis gancda: antikuri epoqa gamoisaxa TeTri, gadaWrili svetebiT, egzotikuri larnakiT; okupirebuli evropa (`Savi piesa~, 1942) _ Cafrebis Savi labadebiT, kubokruli plediT; 70-ani wlebi – maRalzurgiani, mZime savarZlebiT, moduri pijakebiT, samejliso kabiT. arqetipuli samyarodan amozrdili problemebi, jerac gadauWreli, RmerTisaken savali gza (svetebi) ki gadaWrili iyo, uzenaesTan kavSiri darRveuli, xolo kreonti _ maTgan gaucxoebuli. saxieri vizualuri partituriT ikiTxeboda qveteqstis qveteqsti: zneobrivi simrTeliT gamorCeul oidiposs wesrigis damcveli `mzareuli-tirani~ Caenacvla, TiTqos ganrisxebulma RmerTebma kacobriobas dakninebuli mmarTveli da miusafari meamboxe Seatoves. pirovneba daupirispirda saxelmwifos. asociaciuri nakadi mayurebels awmyoSi abrunebda, realobaze dafiqrebuli gansjisaTvis ganawyobda. sanaxaobis centralur epizodad iqca kreontis kabinetSi gamarTuli _ 40-wuTiani daZabuli orTabrZola. erTmaneTis pirispir idgnen ukompromiso pirovneba da kompromisebis ostati... kreontis imperativsa da fsevdomamaSvilur Segonebebs principuli antigones Seuvali neba upirispirdeboda. gamovlinda konfliqtis masStabic, personificirebul poziciaTa Serkinebis procesic. balRiviT Tavneba da Seusmenel antigones ver warmoedgina hemonTan (s. laRiZe) mciredi bednierebiT tkboba, jiutad icavda Tavis simarTles, gametebiT angrevda savarZlebis simwyobres, lewavda axali wesrigis medidur kmayofilebas. z. kverenCxilaZis antigone gadaSenebas gadarCenili pirovnebis Zlevamosilebas ganasaxierebda. jafiT gadaRlili kreonti savarZlebs Cveul adgils ubrunebda, igi wesrigze zrunavda da ara adamianze! is axali tipis xelosani–mmarTveli gaxldaT, antikuri epoqis tiranis Tanamedrove asli. masSi igrZnoboda ZalauflebiT mopovebuli siamaye, mediumis Tavdajereba, wesrigisadmi pedanturi midrekileba. damuSavebuli Rimili misi pirisaxidan naucbaTevad icvleboda miudgomeli, sastiki mzeriT. is Tavisi arCevanis, Tavisi gadawyvetilebis mona gaxldaT, maradiuli muSa, qveSevrdomis tipi. rasac ase ostaturad TamaSobda s. zaqariaZe. sanaxaobis kamertonad iqca qoro. igi oratoris gonierebiT, ritualis idumalebiT, mowodebis sificxiT mimarTavda darbazs. aerTianebda antikuri Teatris qorevts, romael tribuns da qarTvel xevisbers. am rols ostaturad asrulebda g. saRaraZe.

mus. partitura, Subertis musika, rixteris virtuozuli SesrulebiT da xmauris partitura (saswrafo daxmarebis manqanis gabmuli sirenis xma, muxruWebis xrWiali, mZivebis dacemis xma) sasurvel ganwyobas aZlierebda. reJisors sanaxaobis sqema agebuli hqonda antigone-kreonti-Cafrebis arastandartul samkuTxedzec, r-ic warmoaCina


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10 gv.

8 gv.

nawyalobevi nasufraliT Cafrebis kmayofilebam (b. wifuria, o. zautaSvili, s. isneli), Zmis dasaxmareblad ismenes (g. gabunia, z. bocvaZe) mzadyofna. msaxiobTa mignebebi: lakoniuri monasmebi, faqizi niuansebi, grZnobaTa siwrfele, gonisa da emociis organuloba naTlad warmoaCenda inteleqtualuri dramisa da qarT. saSemsruleblo skolis TanaxmierebiT miRweul metad sagulisxmo Sedegs. speqtakli mTavrdeboda savarZlebSi Camsxdari Cafrebis amazrzeni xarxariT, jaWviT dabmuli antigone eulad egdo. misi zneobrivi aRmatebuleba aravis esaWiroeboda pragmatul da konformistTa samyaroSi. SeSfoTebuli reJisori gvafrTxilebda, Cafrebis droeba modiso.

SemdegSi antigone iTamaSa s. Wiaurelma, kreonti _ e. maRalaSvilma, hemoni – m. egutiam, reJisoruli gadawyvetis principi ar Secvlila, dadgma Seivso ufro lirikuli intonaciiT, gvauwya konceptualuri reJisoruli Teatris dasawyisi da rusTavelis Teatris kidev erTi feriscvalebis moaxloeba.

lit.: T u m a n i S v i l i m., reJisori Teatridan wavida, Tb., 1989; misive, axla ki farda, Tb., 1998; u r u S a Z e n., mixeil TumaniSvili, Tb., 1999; k v e r e n C x i l a Z e z., Cemi antigone, Tb., 2003; a r v e l a Z e n., momavlis gadasarCenad, Tb., 2008.

àntigone~ iliaunis scenaze (2014)

ori tolfasi pirovnebis arCevani„antigones“ saintereso interpretacia SemogvTavaza

gaga goSaZem. axalgazrda reJisorma Jan anuis piesa iliaunis TeatrSi dadga. qarTuli Teatris istoriaSi arsebobs legendad qceuli speqtaklebi. mixeil TumaniSvilis rusTavelis TeatrSi ganxorcielebuli „antigone“, zina kverenCxilaZis antigoneTi da sergo zaqariaZis kreoniT Tu T. CxeiZis dadgma marjaniSvilis TeatrSi (mT. rolebSi: n. murvaniZe da o. meRvineTuxucesi). mayurebels jer kidev axsovs es speqtaklebi. amitomac, g. goSaZis arCevani TavisTavad ukve gabedul nabijad mimaCnia. iliaunis saswavlo TeatrSi, kreonis rolze gia roiniSvilis miwveva ki, axalgazrda reJisoris swori da warmatebuli arCevani aRmoCnda.

g. goSaZem TiTqmis ucvlelad gadmoitana anuis piesa scenaze. mcire kupiurebs, ramdenime umniSvnelo moqmedi piris amogdebas (sami mcvelis magier erTia, gaqra kreonis msaxuric, scenaze ar Cndeba kreonis meuRle evrideke) Tu ar CavTvliT. qoro-wamyvans ki avtoris funqciac mianiWa. reJisorma aqcentebis gadaadgilebiT gamoxata saTqmeli. Tavisufali arCevanis ufleba Tu kanonmorCileba? pirovnuli Tavisufleba Tu sazogadoebrivi, saxelmwifoebrivi diqtati? saintereso is aris, rom Tuki anuisTan simpaTia igrZnoba meamboxe antigonesadmi (ar dagvaviwydes, rom piesa II msoflio omis dros okupirebul safrangeTSia dawerili), g. goSaZis speqtaklSi mayurebli TanaugrZnobs orives _ antigonesac da kreonsac. yovel SemTxvevaSi, roiniSvilis kreonis gakeTebuli arCevanis gageba da miReba SesaZlebelia. ufro metsac vityvi, kreoni da antigone Tanabar poziciaSi arian. piesis msgavsad orive gmiria, magram Tu anuisTan antigone dadebiTi, xolo kreoni uaryofiTi gmiria, speqtaklSi aseTi mkveTri gayofa ar xdeba. reJisorma mayurebelic erTgvari arCevanis gakeTebis winaSe daayena. SeiZleba es, roiniSvilis mier kreonis saxis ubadlo ostatobiT Sesrulebis gamoc xdeba...

speqtakls, iseve rogorc piesas, qoro iwyebs. anuim antikuri tragediis qoro personaJad aqcia da wamyvanis funqcia daakisra. reJisorma andria vaWaraZis qoro avtor-wamyvanad moiazra. piesaSi da speqtaklSic, antigone da kreoni _ ori personaJia, danarCenebi ki maTi damxmare moqmedi pirebi. speqtaklSi qoro-avtori TiTqmis sul scenazea da, reJisoris mier dakisrebuli funqciidan gamomdinare, mT. personaJad gadakeTda, vinaidan igi Tanmimdevrulad, mayureblis Tvalwin qmnis scenaze gaTamaSebul ambavs. igi interaqtiulia, rogorc mayureblTan, aseve personaJebTan. reJisoris koncefciiT igi erTgvari „damakavSirebeli Zafia“ mayurebelsa da scenaze myof personaJebs Soris. STambeWdavia g. goSaZis mier mofiqrebuli personaJTa avtoriseuli daxasiaTebis vizualurad gamoxatva. Crdilebis Teatris principze aago reJisorma es scena. scenis siRrmeSi gaWvirvale kedlis miRma qoro-avtoris dasaxelebuli TiToeuli personaJi da ganaTebis saSualebiT gakeTebuli, am personaJis Crdili Cndeba. a. vaWaraZis avtori-qoro, xan

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9. gv.

11 gv.

aqtiurad erTveba qmedebaSi, xan Soridan adevnebs Tvals, xan uSualod urTierTobs Tavisive Seqmnil personaJebTan _ efereba, tuqsavs, warmarTavs... axalgazrda msaxiobi vaWaraZe mSvenivrad arTmevs Tavs reJisoris mier micemul amocanas _ igi qmnis da afasebs Tavis personaJebs. axalgazrda msaxiobis TamaSSi aris: swori Sefasebebi, iumori, mwuxareba, Tanagancda.

kidev erTi saintereso xerxi SemogvTavaza g. goSaZem _ personaJebis gacocxleba avtoris monaTxrobis paralelurad. isini marionetebis msgavsad, avtoris neba-survilis mixedviT, iwyeben qmedebas, an, SeSdebian scenaze.

sanam kreonisa da antigones daxasiaTebas Sevudgebi, mokled vityvi damxmare personaJebze. samwuxarod, giorgi WumburiZis hemoni arafrismTqmeli, arafris aRmniSvneli, arafris gadmomcemi saxea. imisdamiuxedavad, rom „antigoneSi“ siyvarulis Tema II planzea gadasuli, antigonesa da hemonis sasiyvarulo scena, piesaSi erT-erTi Zlieri epizodia. samwuxarod, speqtaklSi hemonis rolis Semsruleblis gamo, am epizodma ver gaiJRera. ar vici, es reJisoris mier arasworad ganmartebuli amocanis bralia, Tu Tavad axalgazrda msaxiobma ver gaiazra, vin unda eTamaSa. Tamar mayaSvilis ZiZa da daviT velijanaSvilis mcveli mSvenivrad asruleben damxmare personaJebis funqcias. gansakuTrebiT gamovyof d. velijanaSvilis mier Seqmnil saxes. msaxiobi plastikiT, JestikulaciiT, mimikiT, damaxasiaTebeli siciliT _ patronis erTguli, yurmoWrili monis, damfrTxali, SeSinebuli, yeyeCi personaJis saxes qmnis.

TamTa navrozaSvilis antigone gamxdari, gaCeCili TmebiT, fizikurad, SeiZleba iTqvas, Seuxedavi patara gogoa. kostiumic Sesabamisia _ ubralo tilosgan Sekerili Riaferis kaba da muqi baTinkebi. reJisorma da mxatvarma, oidiposis STamomavali ori dis, antigonesa da ismenes kostiumebSic gausves xazi radikalurad gansxvavebul xasiaTs, tipobriobas. ismenes grZeli, welSi gamoyvanili Sav-Teri kaba acvia da brWyviala samkaulebi ukeTia, varcxnilobac misi didebulebis Sesabamisia. lamazi ismenes arCevani kanonmorCili sicocxlea. Tumca finalisken, antigones da kreonis dialogis kulminaciur momentSi, igi Semorbis scenaze da kreons uyviris, antigones sikvdiliT

dasjis SemTxvevaSi, uars vambob sicocxlesa da morCilebazeo. Tumca antigone upasuxebs, rom „ara“ mas wuxel unda eTqva, da masTan erTad Seesrulebina Zmis dasaflavebis rituali. speqtaklSi, iseve rogorc piesaSi, ismenes protestiT, kidev ufro mZfrdeba kreonis arCevanis, mis mier naTqvami „kis“ gamo, martodarCenili adamianis tragedia.

piesaSic da speqtaklSic ambavi im momentidan iwyeba, rodesac oidiposis Svilebma eTeoklem da polenikem, SeTanxmebisamebr monacvleobiT rom unda emarTaT Tebe, Zalauflebis mosapoveblad erTmaneTi daxoces. kreonma, Tebes axlma mefem, ufrosi Zmis eTeokles pativiscemiT dakrZalvis, xolo polenikes gvamis daumarxavad, cxovelebis sajijgnad datovebis brZaneba gasca. yoveli, vinc kreonis brZanebas ar daemorCileba da polenikes dasaflavebas gabedavs, sikvdiliT daisjeba. antigone brZanebas ar emorCileba, micvalebuli Zmis gvamis gapatiosnebas, damarxvas cdilobs. am momentidan iwyeba antigonesa da kreonis tragedia piesaSic da scenazec. reJisoris CanafiqriT tragediis mizezi, is saidanac iwyeba tragedia, mayureblis Tvalwin

mTeli speqtaklis ganmavlobaSi, vizualurad arsebobs scenaze. eTeokle da polenike tansacmlis sakidze Camokidebuli ori grZeli, gasisxlianebuli jempria (SeiZleba sabrZolo abjrebadac aRviqvaT), romlebsac avtori-qoro da kreoni saWiroebisamebr qmedebaSi rTaven. goSaZem azrobrivad sworad da sainteresod gadawyvita antigones pirveli Semosvla scenaze. reJisorma navrozaSvilis TmagaCeCili, gaturtylianebuli antigone liukidan amoafofxa. man xom axlaxan miabara miwas polenike. avtori-qoro Caidans iRebs da kuTxeSi mdgar akvariumSi abaninebs xelebs. akvariums, reJisori da msaxiobebi ramdenjerme iyeneben. konkretuli saqmis, ambis dasrulebis Semdeg antigone da kreoni masSi xelebs ibanen. roiniSvilis kreoni, antigonesagan nakbeni xelis, tkivilis daamabesac cdilobs akvariumis wyalSi. akvariumis metafora savsebiT naTeli da gasagebia, magram amaze cotaTi qvemoT mogaxsenebT. reJisoris gadawyvetiT antigones scenuri sicocxlis dasasrulic zemoxsenebul liukTan aris dakavSirebuli. amjerad liuki akldamaSi Casasvlelia. kreonma antigones xom cocxlad damarxva miusaja. liuk-akldamasTan ki, misi Semqmneli avtori-qoro miacilebs TamaS-TamaSiT. a. vaWaraZis avtor-qoros Tvalebze SavnaWeraxveul T. navrozaSvilis antigone, akldamis Sesasvlelisken mihyavs, saxvevs ukve akldamis pirze mdgars moxsnis. reJisorma amiT xazi gausva im faqts, rom antigone avtoris mier Seqmnili rolia, misi nebiT gamoCnda igi scenaze, misive nebiT qreba scenidan. antigones Tavisi gmiruli roli ukve Sesrulebuli aqvs.

ratom irCevs antigone sikvdils? ratom aRar unda mas sicocxle? ra aris misTvis mTavari faseuloba? adamiani _ adamianisadmi siyvaruli. navrozaSvilis patara antigone, didi Sinagani Zalis mqone pirovnebaa. mas sikeTis, siyvarulis rwmena aZlierebes. amitomac


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12 gv.

10 gv.

jer ismenes, Semdeg ki kreonis mtkiceba, rom Zmebs eTeokles da polenikes, saerTod ar ainteresebdaT, ar uyvardaT debi, susti argumentebia antigonesTvis. mas uyvars, pativs scems Tavis Zmas, rogorc adamians da ar dauSvebs, Tundac ukve gardacvlili adamianis Rirsebis, uflebis SebRalvas. ar SeuZlia gvami daukrZalavi, cxovelebis sajijgnad datovos. erTaderTxel uCndeba eWvi arCevanis, Tavisi qmedebis sisworeSi, rodesac kreoni ori Zmis namdvil saxes - arafrismqmneli, suleli, egoisti, sastiki uvargisi muqTaxorebisas - daanaxebs. kreoni imasac gaumxels, rom eTeokles pativiT dakrZalva, xolo polenikes gvamis cxovelebisaTvis sajijgnad datoveba, es saxelmwifosTvis, qveynisTvis gakeTda. polenikes ayrolebuli gvami magaliTad unda iqces yvela moRalatisTvis. sinamdvileSi, mxolod sikvdilis Jams erTmaneTs Caxutebuli Zmebidan, romelia polenike da romeli eTeokle, dasaxiCrebuli gvamidan Zneli amosacnobi iyo. kreonis arCevani, xom Tebes, rogorc saxelmwifos SenarCunebaa. aq, sul ramdenime wamiT, antigone iwyebs yoymans. am dros, kreoni did Secdomas uSvebs, cdilobs antigone „bednieri cxovrebis“ arCevaniT moxiblos. swored am momentSi, antigone rwmundeba, rom swori arCevani gaakeTa. polenikesa da eTeokles cxovrebis wesi, maTive arCevani iyo, adamianis siyvaruli ki _ antigonesi. kreoni, marTalia, irCevs saxelmwifos marTvas, magram misi tragedia is aris, rom ar uyvars, sZuls adamianebi. da, maSin, Cndeba kiTxva: visTvis qmnis igi am saxelmwifos?

kreonis da antigones cxovrebis egzistenciuri gansja-dialogi piesis da speqtaklis mTavari, yvelaze saintereso, SeiZleba iTqvas kulminaciuri epizodia. reJisorma da msaxiobma, am epizodis mniSvneloba, kreonis scenaze pirvel SemosvlaSive asaxes. g. roiniSvilma, SeiZleba iTqvas, filigranulad imuSava kreonis saxeze. vin aris kreoni? ra roli airCia man cxovrebaSi da ratom? g. roiniSvilis kreons araerTgvarovani, rTuli rolis Sesruleba ergo. filosofiiT, literaturiT, xelovnebiT gatacebuli adamiani, ucbad, garemoebaTa gamo, arCevanis gakeTebis winaSe dadga. eTqva „ki“ saxelmwifos, xalxis marTvaze, mTlianad Seecvala cxovrebis Cveuli wesi, Tu eTqva „ara“ da gaegrZelebina Tavisi cxovreba. roiniSvilis kreoni mosiyvarule mama, biZa, qmaria. amas mowmobs reJisoris mier mofiqrebuli xerxi _ naWris daTvis gaTamaSeba. mcveli polenikes gvamTan napovn saTamaSo daTvs awvdis kreons (manamde, avtori-qoro aCeCebs saTamaSos mcvels xelSi). roiniSvilis SefasebiT mayurebeli xvdeba, rom mas ecno saTamaSo daTvi. Semdeg irkveva kidec, rom daTunia, pirveli saTamaSo iyo antigones cxovrebaSi da is, swored, kreons uCuqebia. mcveli antigones polenikes gvamTan Sepyrobis ambavs yveba. kreoni da antigone amfitrionis kibeze Camosxdebian. kreoni xels gadaxvevs antigones, mcvelis monaTxrobis paralelurad, raRacas CasCurCulebs xolme yurSi, orives eRimeba. SigadaSig mcvelze mianiSnebs antigones, ra sisuleleebs bodavso. maT urTierTobaSi siTbo da siyvaruli igrZnoba.

antigones sikvvdiliT dasjis ganaCenis gamotanis Semdgom, hemonisa da kreonis Sexvedris epizodSi, roiniSvili TamaSobs saxelmwifos mmarTvelsac da

mosiyvarule mamasac. mama-Svilis Sexvedris momentSi roiniSvili mayurebelTan zurgiT dgas da zurgiT TamaSobs. vfiqrob, es profesionalizmis umaRlesi gamoxatulebaa. atyobineben Tu ara hemonis Semosvlas, msaxiobi wamsve icvlis saxis gamometyvelebas, Setrialdeba karibWesken, welSi imarTeba da gaSlili xelebiT egebeba Svilis Semosvlas. swored aq, am scenaSi xdeba mama-Svilis gulRia saubari. unda gaizardo, yvelas udgeba dakacebis momenti, unda dakacde da arCevani gaakeTo, eubneba kreoni Tavis vaJs, Tavis memkvidres. hemoni siyvaruls irCevs. Canafiqri, idea, reJisorisa swored es iyo. samwuxarod, rogorc aRvniSne, g. WumburiZem ver ganaxorciela, reJioris mier micemuli amocana.

aiwona-daiwonas gamoyeneba speqtaklis msvlelobisas ramdenjerme xdeba. maT Soris antigones da kreonis dialogis epizodSi. magaliTad, rodesac kreoni uxsnis antigones, Tu ratom Tqva „ki“, ratom daTanxmda saxelmwifos mmarTvelobaze. roiniSvili danadgaris Sua nawilze Sexteba, xelebs Slis, TiTqos wonasworobas icavs. reJisoris da msaxiobis mier mignebuli, es vizualuri gamoxatuleba, ufro mkafios, naTels xdis kreonis yoymans gadawyvetilebis miRebisas, arCevanis gakeTebisas, romeli gadawonida _ Cveuli cxovreba, Tu, gamefeba, xalxis marTva.

zemoT, akvariumze da mis daniSnuleba-gamoyenebaze vsaubrobdi. akvariumi speqtaklis finalSic TamaSdeba. metafora naTeli da gasagebia. asociaciurad pilates cnobili qmedeba da gamonaTqvami gaxsendeba. ebrael samRvdeloebasTan Widilis Semdeg, vin gaakran jvarze _ qriste, Tu, baraba, qristes jvarze gakvris ganaCenis gamotanisas, am saqmidan xelebi damibania _ ityvis pilate da xelebs daibans. speqtaklSi kreoni antigones sikvdils (cocxlad damarxvas) miusjis. avtori-qoro avanscenis Sua nawilSi gadmoitans akvariums da xels abaninebs gia roiniSvilis kreons. vfiqrob, ajobebda, reJisori mxolod am metaforiT Semofargluliyo da akvariumis wyali ar gaewiTlebina. es imdenad pirdapiri miniSnebaa kreonis sisxliani xelebisa, rom daxvewili gemovnebiT Seqmnil speqtaklsa da roiniSvilis inteleqtual kreons ar esadageba. iseve rogorc, finalSi kreonis Semosva wiTel paltoSi

antigone _ TamTa navrozaSvili kreoni _ gia roiniSvili

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da ise gayvana scenidan. xelebis dabanis Semdeg, avtori wiTel paltos moacmevs kreons da TiTberis ubralo gvirgvins awvdis. g. roiniSvili Tavze moirgebs gvirgvins da 5 saaTze daniSnul sxdomaze miemarTeba. gzad avanscenidan scenis siRrmeSi moTavsebul karibWemde aqvs gasavleli. mayurebelma avtorisgan ukve icis hemonis TviTmkvlelobis Sesaxeb. gasavleli gzis monakveTSi, avtori kreons, evridikes TviTmkvlelobis ambavs uyveba xatovnad. g. roiniSvili nel-nela welSi ixreba, xels marcxena mklavze idebs, TiTqos gulis Seteva emarTeba. kibeebze asvlisas ki, rodesac karibWe iReba, xalxTan Sexvedris win, welSi swordeba. kreoni agrZelebs sakuTari arCevans _ tiranobas.

dResac, pragmatul 21-e saukuneSi, aRgafrTovanebs anuis gmiris _ antigones medgari, Seuvali xasiaTi, misi arCevani. gaga goSaZis speqtakli ki, gxiblavs msaxiobTa TamaSiT, dekoraciiT, musikaluri gaformebiT da, rac mTavaria, zedmiwevniT anuiseuli koncefciiT. sicocxleze, cxovrebaze uaris Tqma, SeiZleba gmiruli saqcielia, magram imavdroulad damafiqrebeli. sicocxle, xom adamianis fundamenturi uflebaa. antigones, romelmac jer ar icis ra aris dedoba, romelic jer kidev qalad ar Camoyalibebula, eSinia sikvdilis. amas is ramdenjerme imeorebs. eSinia, magram mainc sikvdils irCevs. swored es aris gmiroba. erTaderTi, visac antigonesi esmis, kreonia. g. roiniSvilis kreonma mSvenivrad icis, rom igi tiranad Seva istoriaSi, magram es, misi arCevania, misi roli, misi amplua.

lit.: v a s a Z e m., ori tolfasi pirovnebis arCevani, g. `rez.~, 6.IV.2014.

m. v.

anui Jan (ANOUILH JEAN) – (23. VI. 1910, bordo – 3. X. 1987, lozana) – frangi dramaturgi.

daibada saSualo SeZlebis ojaxSi. mwerlis mama mkeravi iyo, deda _ qalTa orkestris mevioline. imavdroulad muSaobda sareklamo agentad, mogvianebiT ki,

cnobili reJisorisa da msaxiobis – lui Juves mdivnad. 1932 wers pirvel piesas (`yaryumi~) da xdeba

profesionali dramaturgi. 50 wlis ganmavlobaSi Seqmna 40-ze meti sxvadasxva Janris piesa: tragediebi, yofiTi dramebi, satiruli groteskebi Tu msubuqi komediebi. igi swrafad iqca Tanamedrove franguli Teatris erT-erT klasikosad, r-ic didi warmatebiT iyenebda dramatuli Janris yvela saxeobas: tragediidan farsamde da vodevilamde. franguli Teatris TiTqmis yvela sezonSi idgmeba a-is piesebi. iTargmneba aTobiT enaze da xorcieldeba mraval qveyanaSi, maT Soris saqarTveloSic. igi, piesebis garda, werda scenarebs da reJisorobda kidevac.

a. scenis kanonebis brwyinvale mcodne, daxvewili gemovnebis xelovania. aviTarebs ra ostaturad intrigas, mayurebels mudmivi daZabulobis qveS

amyofebs. 20-ian wlebSi muSaobda lui JuvesTan, 30-ian wlebSi – J. pitoevTan da a. barsakTan.

SemoqmedebiTi gzis dasawyisSi misTvis axlobeli iyo egzistencializmis esTetika. ̀ Sav~ da ̀ vardisfer~ piesebSi rogorc igi uwodebda Tavis dramatul krebulebs, wina planzea adamianis arseboba absurdul samyaroSi. romantikuli Seyvarebuli wyvili Seejaxeba uzneo, maxinj sinamdviles (`qurdebis nadimi~ 1938; `mgzavri bargis gareSe~, 1938; `veluri qali~, 1938; èvridika~, 1942). misi gmirebi, rom ar daemsgavson garSemo myofT, Tavs Svelian gaqceviT, sikvdilis fasad inarCuneben TavianT siyvaruls. anuis yvelaze cnobili gmirebi, arian antigone (piesa daiwera 1942 faSisturi okupaciis periodSi) da Jana d’arki (`torola~, 1953). isini win aRudgebian tiranias, ebrZvian mcdar cnebebs, saxelmwifo interesebs, ìstoriul winaswargansazRvrulobas~, bedisweras, martoni upirispirdebian mTel samyaros.

a. TandaTanobiT kargavs rwmenas gmiruli meamboxis idealSi, romantikuli personaJebi ironiul, komediur Seferilobebs iZenen. mis piesebSi sul ufro xSirad aisaxeba avtobiografiuli xasiaTis Tema.

dramaturgi gviCvenebs dasabamidan moyolebul TaobaTa konfliqts, uazro da uperspeqtivo politikur brZolas, gvixatavs ist. process, rogorc SecdomaTa da danaSaulTa usasrulo gameorebebs. erT-erT bolo piesaSi (`Wipi~, 1981), gvixatavs uniWoebiT garSemortymul Semoqmed adamians. piesis gmiri cnobili dramaturgia, ̀ bulvaruli Teatrebis~ mefe, r-ic cdilobs imuSaos, mas ki nawilebad glejen naTesavebi, colebi, sayvarlebi, megobrebi, misgan yvela moiTxovs erTs – fuls. kuboSic ki ver emaleba maT.

a. xSirad mimarTavs miTs da cdilobs miTologiuri siuJetis farglebSi cxovrebis zedrouli modeli, paradigma Seqmnas. am kuTxiT, rogorc sartri aRniSnavda, isic Tanamedrove mTxzvelia, `miTis mWedeli~.

a-is dramaturgiam garkveuli roli Seasrula qarTul TeatrSi. gansakuTrebuli aRniSvnis Rirsia àntigone~, r-ic m. TumaniSvlma ganaxorciela rusTavelis Teatris mcire scenaze (prem. 7. VI. 1968). mT. rolebSi: z. kverenCxilaZe, s. zaqariaZe, g. saRaraZe.

àntigone~ dadga (30. IX. 2000) aseve T. CxeiZem marjaniSvilis TeatrSi, sadac speqtakli axleburad iqna gaazrebuli. kreontis rols asrulebda o. meRvineTuxucesi, antigones – n. murvaniZe.

qarTul enaze gamocemulia a-is piesebis mokrZalebuli krebuli (àntigone~, `torola~) da monografia mis Semoqmedebasa da qarTul saTeatro tradiciebze.

Tematuri sisrulisaTvis aqve unda movixsenioT ,,antigones~ ramdenime sxva versia:

2002 – Teatraluri sardafi, reJ. nana janeliZe, antigone – n. xuskivaZe, kreonti – k. abuaSvili da T. WiWinaZe (ix. n o z a Z e g., ana frankidan Tebes tragikul gmiramde, J. ,,imiji~, 2002, #2);

2012 – soxumis mozard mayurebelTa Teatri: – reJ. d. kobaxiZe, antigone – m. kobaxiZe, kreonti – g. ratiani;

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2014 – saqarTvelos S. rusTavelis Teatrisa da kinos saxelmw. universitetis dramis fak-is mesamekurselebis sakurso namuSevari. reJisori – doqtoranti n. xuskivaZe (sadoqtoro proeqtis xelmZRvanelebi: g. Jordania da d. kobaxiZe, antigone – n. juReli, kreoni n. qacariZe);

4. VIII. 2014 – mesxeTis saxelmw. Teatri – reJ. s. nemsaZem piesa dadga saTauriT – ,,antigone, kreonti, polinike da Cafari~, antigone – q. TumaniSvili, kreonti – k. gogiZe.

Txz.: torola, Tb., 1967; antigone, medea, Tb., 1969;lit.: ,,ТЭ~, М., 1961, т. 1; b a C i a S v i l i i., Jan anuis

dramaturgia, Tb., 1972; ,,qse~, Tb., 1975, t. 1; m a W a v a r i a n i n., Jan anuis ,,antigone~ qarTul scenaze, J. ,,T. da cx.~, 2001, #5-6; o C i a u r i l., ,,antigones~ xuTi varskvlavi da Sokirebuli britanelebi, g. ,,rez.~, 30. VIII. 2001; k v e r e n C x i l a Z e z., Cemi antigone, Tb., 2003; a f r i d o n i Z e S., antigones xvedri da axali Sexvedra ,,antigonesTan~. z. kverenCxilaZis wignis – ,,Cemi antigones~ gamosvlis gamo, g. ,,24 saaTi~, 14. I. 2005; v a s a Z e m., ori tolfasi pirovnebis arCevani, g. ,,rez.~, 6. IV. 2014; m e g r e l i Z e g., Jan anuis ,,antigones~ Tanamedrove qarTuli versiebi, wignSi ,,kulturaTa dialogi XX s. qarTul xelovnebaSi~, Tb., 2017.

arayiSvili dimitri egnates Ze (11. II. 1873, vladikavkazi – 13. VIII. 1953, Tbilisi) – kompozitori, qarTuli prof. musikis erT-erTi fuZemdebeli. saq. sax. art. (1929), xelovnebaTmcodneobis mecnierebaTa doqtori (1943), saq. mecn. akademiis akademikosi (1950), saxelmw. pr. laureati (1950).

1894 a-ma swavla daiwyo moskovis filarmoniuli sazogadoebis musikalur-dram. saswavlebelSi, romelic warmatebiT daamTavra 1901. am droisaTvis mas ukve hqonda sakmao gamocdileba, rogorc kompozitorsa da musikaTmcodnes (romansi ,,Cemo mkvlelo, vici, vici~, i. WavWavaZis teqstze, ,,qarTuli cekva fortepianosTvis~) Tu statia-gamokvlevebi da sxv.). amitomac, umaRlesis damTavrebisTanave mWidrod daukavSirda moskovis universitetTan arsebul samusiko-eTnografiul komisias, romlis davalebiTac 4 (1901, 1902, 1904, 1908) samecniero eqspedicia moawyo saqarTvelos sxvadasxva raionSi da moagrova metad mniSvnelovani musikaluri masala (500-ze meti xalxuri simRera), rac Semdeg saTanado mecnieruli gamokvleviTa da komentarebiT gamoaqveyna sam did krebulad. am gamokvlevebma, rogorc cnobilia, didad Seuwyves xeli qarTuli xalxuri musikis TviTmyofadobis warmoCenas profesiul wreebSi.

1907 a-ma moskovSi daafuZna qarTuli literaturisa da xelovnebis sazogadoeba. momdevno wels moskovSive daiwyo gamocema Jurnalisa – ,,Музыка и жизнь~, romelsac 4 weli redaqtorobda da metad

mniSvnelovan publikaciebs aqveynebda. paralelurad, aqtiurad TanamSromlobda al. sumbaTaSvili-iuJinis mier daarsebul ,,mecnierebis, xelovnebisa da literaturis qarTul sazogadoebaSi~.

miuxedavad aseTi mravalmxrivi da daZabuli sazogadoebrivi muSaobisa, cxadia, jerovan yuradRebas uTmobda SemoqmedebiT sakiTxebsac. swored am periods ganekuTvneba mravali mSvenieri romansi, simfoniuri suraTi Tu kompozicia, rac mTavaria, misi udavo Sedevri – opera ,,Tqmuleba SoTa rusTavelze~ (1904), romelic 1919 ganxorcielda Tbilisis operis TeatrSi da arsebiTad swored amiT daiwyo qarTuli erovnuli operis scenuri istoria.

am droisaTvis (1918-dan) a. ukve mTlianad gadmosaxlebuli iyo TbilisSi da, bunebrivia, aqac gaagrZela dauRalavi sazogadoebrivi moRvaweoba. amJamad, miznad daisaxa musikosTa axali kadrebis momzadeba da am TvalsazrisiT 1921 misi iniciativiT TbilisSi daarsda kidec meore konservatoria, romelTanac Camoyalibda sagundo klasi, simebiani kvarteti, saopero studia. 1923 orive konservatoria (arsebulic da axalic) gaerTianda da 1926–30 a. iyo misi direqtori, kaTedris gamgec da sakompozicio fakultetis dekanic, xolo 1932, roca Seiqmna saqarTvelos kompozitorebisa da musikaTmcodneobis nebayoflobiTi sazogadoebrivi-SemoqmedebiTi gaerTianeba, anu, dRevandeli saqarTvelos kompozitorTa kavSiri, metad simboluri iyo, rom misi pirveli Tavmjdomare swored a. gaxda.

qarTuli kinematografi, cxadia, ver ityoda uars iseT niWier Semoqmedze, rogorc a. iyo – TviT k. marjaniSvilma miiwvia igi 1924 Tavisi pirvelive qarTuli filmis (,,qariSxlis win~) kompozitorad, magram, samwuxarod, es filmic da misi musikac ukvalod gahqra (jerjerobiT mainc) – mas Semdeg a-ls arc erTi mxatvruli filmisTvis ar Seuqmnia musika. rac Seexeba informacias, rom TiTqos a. aris, ase vTqvaT, erTpirovnuli kompozitori s. doliZisa da d. rondelis filmisa ,,jurRais fari~ (,,qarTuli musikis enciklopediuri leqsikoni~, Tb., 2015), araa swori, radgan ,,jurRais fari~ aris filmi-koncerti, rogorc pirvelive titrSia gamocxadebuli da masSi naCvenebia nawyvetebi 8 kompozitoris musikidan (z. faliaSvili, a. balanCivaZe, a. serovi, g. kilaZe, a. andriaSvili, m. balanCivaZe, v. muradeli, maT Soris, d. arayiSvilic).

rogorc prof. l. donaZe miuTiTebda, a-is memkvidreobisTvis yvelaze vrceli da mniSvnelovani dargia kamerul-vokaluri lirika, kompozitorma WeSmaritad klasikuri mniSvnelobis nimuSebi Seqmna am mxriv, raSic garkveuli, STamagonebeli roli iTamaSa sworad SerCeulma saromanso Semoqmedebis lit.-poeturma safuZvelmac (hafezi, a. puSkini, i. WavWavaZe, n. baraTaSvili, g. tabiZe da sxv.).

specialur literaturaSi gansakuTrebiT xazgasmulia is garemoeba, rom a-is romansebi gamoirCeva melodiurobiTa da gamomsaxvelobiT, formis plastikurobiTa da lakoniurobiT. isic, Tu am romansebma rogor moumzades niadagi a-is operas ,,Tqmuleba SoTa rusTavelze~ da a.S.

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yovelive amis gamo, ufrosi Taobis sxva qarTvel kompozitorebTan erTad (m. balanCivaZe, z. faliaSvili, n. sulxaniSvili, v. doliZe), a. sruliad damsaxurebulad miiCneva Cveni erovnuli sakompozicio skolis erT-erT fuZemdeblad.

dokumentur films specialistebi kinos sindiss uwodebdnen da samarTlianadac – 1952 sruliad axalbeda kinoreJisorma Tengiz abulaZem Tavisi sadiplomo filmis Temad 80 wels mitanebuli, adamianuri xibliT esoden gamorCeuli, a. airCia da SesaniSnavad daicva kidec Tavisi naSromi saxelmwifo komisiis winaSe. momdevno wels Rvawlmosili kompozitori da sazogado moRvawe a. gardaicvala. igi dakrZalulia didubis panTeonSi. misi saxeli mieniWa Tbilisis I mus. saswavlebels, soxumis mus. saswavlebels, Tbilisis erT-erT quCas.

Txz.: Грузинское народное музыкалное творчество,

М., 1916; qarTuli musika (mokle istoriuli mimoxilva), quT., 1925; xalxuri samusiko sakravebis aRwera da gazomva, Tb., 1940; raWuli xalxuri simRerebi, Tb., 1950; Обзор народной песни восточной Грузии, Тб., 1948.

lit.: b e g i j a n o v i a., dimitri arayiSvili, Tb., 1953; Д о н а д з е В., Музыкальное наследие Грузии (Классич. период). kr. ,,Грузинская музыкалная Култура~, М., 1957; ,,ТЭ~, М., 1961, .т 1; ,,qse~, Tb., 1975, t. 1; d o n a Z e l., dimitri arayiSvili, J. ,,sx~, 1983, #10; x u W u a p., dimitri arayiSvili, Tb., 1990; enc. ,,saq-lo~, Tb., 1997, t. 1; q u T a T e l a Z e r., j a f a r i Z e m., qarTuli musikis enciklopediuri leqsikoni, Tb., 2015; i m e d a S v i l i i., qarTvel moRvaweTa leqsikoni, Tb., 2018, t. 1.

g. d.

axalSenis saxalxo Teatri (igulisxmeba xelvaCauris r-is sofeli) oficialurad mxolod 1972 Seiqmna, magram aq jer kidev XX s. 20-ani wlebidan iyo gaCaRebuli metad saintereso da mravlferovani SemoqmedebiTi muSaoba. marto is rad Rirs, rom adgilobrivi berZnuli mosaxleobis iniciativiTa da TavgamodebiT, 1927 aSenda axalSenis sasoflo klubi, sadac warmodgenebs marTavda berZen scenismoyvareTa dasi niWieri da energiuli Tavkacebis _ panaiot ignatididisa da konstantine kromilis xelmZRvanelobiT. swored msgavsi konkretuli faqtebi da movlenebi iZleva erTob mniSvnelovani da

Rirseuli daskvnebis gamotanis saSualebas, kerZod, rom „saqarTvelos SaviszRvispireTSi _ qarTul eTnikur garemoSi berZnulma diasporam SeinarCuna sakuTari kultura da, Tavis mxriv, adgilobriv garemozec gavlena moaxdina” („pontoeli berZnebi aWaraSi...~, baTumi, 2017).

rac Seexeba qarTul dass, mas Semdeg, rac 1. VI. 1960 sofelSi gaixsna axali, 700-adgiliani kulturis saxli, ukve sistematuri xasiaTi mieca speqtaklebis gamarTvas, raSic axalSenel enTuziastebs did daxmarebas uwevdnen baTumis profesionali Teatraluri koleqtivebi.

am mxriv gansakuTrebulia Rvawli baTumeli msaxiobisa da reJisoris _ avTandil diasamiZisa, romelmac 20 speqtakli ganaxorciela axalSenSi da saqmis erTgulebisa da siyvarulis nimuSsac iZleoda (k. buaCiZis „mkacri qaliSvilebi~, 1966; al. afxaiZis „moulodneli Sexvedra~, 1967; Cexovis „daTvi~, 1970; p. kakabaZis „yvaryvare TuTaberi~, 1972; d. kldiaSvilis „irines bedniereba~, 1973 da „bakulas Rorebi~, 1988; n. dumbaZis `mziani Rame~, 1974; v. daraselis `kikviZe~, 1977 da sxv.).

metad mniSvnelovani iyo aseve baTumeli msaxiobisa da reJisoris, lamara zaqariaZis dadgmebi: v. kandelakis „nakrZalSi~, 1993; g. erisTavis „uCin-maCinis qudi”, 1994; S. royvas „komedia WiSkarTan~, 1995; S. SamaniZis „Ria SuSabandi~, 1996; n. dumbaZis „boSebi~ da „kukaraCa~, 2000; b. janikaSvilis „TiTiT saCvenebeli~, 2005 da sxv.

reJ. e. CaiZe (aWaris a.r. xel. dams. moR.): n. dumbaZis „mziani Rame~ (1974) da ,,kukaraCa~, (1982); g. erisTavis „Tilisma xani~ (1979); al. CxaiZis „roca qalaqs sZinavs~ (1980) da sxv. manve aRadgina p. kakabaZis `yvaryvare TuTaberi~ (1983).

cnobilma msaxiobma, saq. sax. atistma _ m. ServaSiZem dadga p. lorias „ganTiadi xevSi~ da n. dumbaZis „sabraldebo daskvna~ (1984).

reJ. r. bainaziSvili _ e. ninoSvilis „Cveni qalaqis raindi~, d. kldiaSvilis „irines bedniereba~ (orive 1990) da `bakulas Rorebi~ (1991).

reJ. m. bajeliZe _ melaZis sabavSvo piesa „megobroba erT skolaSi~ (1978);

reJ. T. sulxaniSvili _ vaJa-fSavelas „stumar-maspinZeli~ (1985);

reJ. T. bolqvaZe _ aRadgina p. kakabaZis „yvaryvare TuTaberi~ (1966).

speqtaklebis dadgma erTia, magram mTavari mainc maTi, am speqtaklebis popularizaciaa. unda iTqvas, rom am mxrivac iyoCaRes axalSenis scenismoyvareebma. sxvadasxva kategoriis festivalebSi sistematuri da, rac mTavaria, warmatebuli monawileobis garda, Tavad sagastrolo saqmianoba hqondaT mowesrigebuli aramxolod uSualod aWaraSi, aramed mTel axlomaxlo regionebSi. amasTan, tradiciad aqcies e. w. gasvliTi gastrolebi, roca, vTqvaT, CoxataurSi iyvnen, Coxatauris saxalxo Teatri ki _ aq uCvenebda Tavis saukeTeso speqtaklebs. Mmxolod 1973 wlis 10 TveSi 34 gasvliTi speqtakli gamarTes, rac, usaTuod, STambeWdavi suraTia.

saukunis meoTxedSi rom 53 speqtakls ganaxorcielebs erTi patara raionis saxalxo

scena operidan d. arayiSvili _ `Tqmuleba SoTa rusTavelze~

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Teatri, TavisTavadac TvalsaCino xdeba, raoden jansaRi patriotul-SemoqmedebiTi suliskveTeba amoZravebs aqaur axalgazrdobasa da adgilobriv xelisuflebas. axla repertuari gavixsenoT, rogori soliduri ieri dahkravs _ arc msoflio klasika daviwyebiaT, arc uaxloesi Tu moZme erebi da, raRa Tqma unda, erovnuli sityvakazmuli mwerlobisa da dramaturgiis saukeTeso nimuSebi (Cexovi, s. kadir-zade, a. makioniki, vaJa-fSavela, g. erisTavi, d. kldiaSvili, p. kakabaZe, eg. ninoSvili, n. dumbaZe...).

namdvilad saamayoa aseTi Teatraluri mravalferovnebiT damSvenebuli warsuli, magram ukve imis droc dadga, rom kvlavac axmiandes axalSenis saxalxo Teatri.

aseT pativs namdvilad imsaxurebs mziuri aWaris zRvispira, sazRvrispira, patara, magram didi SromismoyvareobiTa da adamianuri RirsebebiT uxvad dajildoebuli xelvaCauri.

lit.: z o i Z e z., axalSenis kulturis saxlSi, g. ,,otombris gziT~, 16. XII. 1965; m e l i a i., saxalxo TeatrSi, iqve, 9. X. 1973; saxalxo Teatri 20 wlisaa, g. „sab. aWara~, 11. IV. 1986; enc. „saq-lo”, Tb., 1997, t. 1; k o m a x i Z e T., aWaris kulturis istoria, baT., 1998; misive, aWaris enciklopediuri cnobari, baT., 2011, wigni II., „pontoeli berZnebi aWaraSi, warsuli da Tanamedroveoba~, baT., 2017.

s. j.

Coxatauris Teatraluri cxovreba, dReisaTvis arsebuli informaciiT, saTaves iRebs XIX s. bolo ocwleulSi, roca aqaurma scenismoyvareebma 3. XI. 1885 adgilobriv, erTaderT skolaSi qarTuli warmodgena gamarTes da mayurebels SesTavazes erovnuli dramaturgiis klasikuri nimuSebi: g. erisTavis komedia ,,Zunwi~ da ak. wereTlis vodevili ,,butiaoba~. uSualod daba Coxatauridan miRebul am korespondencias 17. XI. 1885 aqveynebs pirveli qarTuli Teatraluri gazeTi ,,Teatri~, romelsac redaqtorobda vaso abaSiZe, qarTuli realisturi aqtioruli skolis erT-erTi fuZemdebeli (aseT Strixsac unda amTaviTve mieqces yuradReba – miTiTebul korespondenciaSi saerTod naxsenebic araa, rom es iyo, ase vTqvaT, p i r v e l i warmodgena CoxataurSi da a.S. amdenad, savaraudoa, rom msgavsi ram manamdec tardeboda dabaSi Tu mis soflebSi...).

Coxataurel scenismoyvareTa aseTi Tematuri orientacia rom SemTxveviTi arCevani araa, realuri

garemoebebiTac mtkicdeba: Semdgomi sami aTeuli wlis ganmavlobaSi anu pirveli demokratiuli respublikis gamocxadebamde (1885 – 1918) CoxataurelTa mTeli repertuari gajerebuli iyo mxolod da mxolod qarTuli sityvakazmuli mwerlobisa Tu, kerZod, erovnuli dramaturgiis saukeTeso nimuSebiT – zedized idgmeboda: g. erisTavis, ak. wereTlis, d. erisTavis, al. yazbegis, eg. ninoSvilis, avq. cagarlis, tr. ramiSvilis, i. ekalaZis, S. dadianisa da sxvaTa nawarmoebebi. rogorc xedavT, aSkaraa Coxataurel scenismoyvareTa suliskveTeba, rom qveynis centralur magistrals mowyvetili regionis mayureblebisaTvis warmoedginaT swored is nawarmoebebi, rac ase mSobliuri da axlobeli iyo maTTvis.

gaz. ,,Teatris~ korespondenciaSi sxva garemoebac ipyrobs yuradRebas, kerZod, rom warmodgenam 45 maneTi wminda Semosavali datova, saidanac 15 man. gadaeca akenis soflis skolas, 10 man. – basaleTisas, danarCeni ki (20 man.) TviT maspinZel skolas. sxva sityvebiT rom vTqvaT, esaa im ukeTilSobilesi, saqvelmoqmedo tendenciis gagrZeleba, romliTac, RvTis wyalobiT, ase gamoirCeodnen saqarTvelos sxva regionebis scenismoyvareebic.

raoden damaxasiaTebelia am mxriv Tundac ambavi Coxataurel scenismoyvareTa kidev erTi warmodgenisa (a. cagarlis ,,baiyuSi~ da ak. wereTlis ,,butiaoba~), romlis e.w. wminda Semosavali (39 man.) m Tl i a n a d gadaeca Tbilisis seminariis Rarib moswavleebsa da adgilobriv saxalxo wignsacavs. amis Taobaze ki TviT i. WavWavaZis ,,iveria~ auwyebda mkiTxvelebs (22. IX. 1892). TiTqmis sakomentaroc aRaraferia, magram mainc unda iTqvas – swored aqedan, am sawyisebidan xom ar modis is didi, mamuliSviluri SemarTeba, II msoflio omis dros rom Coxatauris Teatri ase sistematurad atarebda sagangebo speqtaklebs omSi wasulTa ojaxebis dasaxmareblad da, amasTan, Tavdacvis fondSi 8000 maneTic Seitana?!

Coxatauris Teatrma qveynis Wiric Rirseulad gaiziara da lxinic, profesiuli gamowvevebic vaJkacurad miiRo, dramwre rom saxelmwifo Teatrad gardaiqmna (1936) da 12 wlis Semdeg (1948) piriqiT moxda; mTavaria, rom Tavisi saxe ar daukargavs da kvlavac Cveuli keTilSobilebiTa da rudunebiT ganagrZo mSobliuri qveynisa da xalxis samsaxuri. Sedegmac ar daayovna – 1959 kulturis saministrom miiRo dadgenileba Coxatauris saxalxo

16 gv.

14 gv.

`stumarmaspinZloba~ _ speqtaklis monawileni,

SuaSi _ damdgmeli reJisori, saq. sax. art. _ v. niniZe

16


15 gv.

gamomcemloba `kentavri~, aRmaSeneblis gamz. 40; tel: 2999 411 (240); www. tafu.edu.ge

statiebis avtorebi:

g.d. – gogi doliZe – xelovnebaTmcodneobis mecnierebaTa doqtori.

d.m. – dali mumlaZe – xel. mec. doqtori.m.v. – marine (maka) vasaZe _ xel. mec. doqtori.s.j. _ sofio jorbenaZe (xelvaCauri, sof.

axalSeni)(gagrZeleba Semdeg nomerSi)

Teatris Seqmnis Taobaze, rasac didi aRfrTovanebiT Sexvda 75 wlis gamocdilebis dasi da mniSvnelovan warmatebasac miaRwia momdevno welsve saxalxo Teatrebis respublikur daTvalierebaze – 22. XI. 1960 TbilisSi warmodgenili iqna tr. ramiSvilis ,,stumarmaspinZloba~ (damdgmeli reJisori, saq. sax. art. – v. niniZe). speqtaklis Semdeg, CoxataurelTa Semoqmedeba Seafasa yvela drois erT-erTma udidesma qarTvelma msaxiobma da sazogado moRvawem, ssrk sax. artistma – ak. xoravam:

,,Coxatauris saxalxo Teatris speqtaklma ,,stumarmaspinZlobam~ mayurebelze damakmayo-filebeli STabeWdileba datova... warmodgenas etyoba ansambluroba, rac unda mieweros msaxiobTa mondomebasa da enTuziazms. qebis Rirsia agreTve cnobili reJisori da msaxiobi, respublikis sax. art. – v. niniZe, romelmac didi Sroma gaswia... Tu aseve energiiT imuSava Coxatauris saxalxo Teatris dasma, vfiqrob, qarTul Teatrs SeeZineba kargi mxatvruli koleqtivi~.

Coxataurlebma SeZles legendaruli ak. xoravas winaswarmetyvelebis aRsruleba – axal-axali dadgmebiT, romelTac safuZvlad daedo ak. wereTlis, v. gunias, d. kldiaSvilis, p. kakabaZis, n. dumbaZis, al. CxaiZis, gr. berZeniSvilisa Tu sxvaTa cnobili nawarmoebebi, ukve saxalxo Teatrebis e.w. sakavSiro festivalebzec aravis dauTmes pirveloba da TandaTanobiT ganimtkices TavianTi moqalaqeobriv-SemoqmedebiTi poziciebi.

aseTia, Tvalis erTi gadavlebiT, Coxataurel TeatralTa SemoqmedebiTi gza, romelic XIX saukuneSi daiwyo da, ager, XXI saukunesac gadmowvda Tamamad. momaval wels ki 135 weli, friad sapatio TariRi, usruldeba ulamazesi guriis yvelaze patara raionis Teatrs da, imedia, igi ise Rirseulad aRiniSneba, rogorc madlier STamomavlobas Segvefereba.

g. d.

,,erT saSvalebas kidev vcdi...~

am Zveli, simReris ar iyos, erTxelac unda Sevexmiano Cems kolega-Teatrmcdoneebs.

Zvirfaso kolegebo, piradi kontaqtebiT rom verafers gavxdi, presiT mogmarTeT, Tanac ramdenjerme (ix. Cveni universitetis yovelTviuri gazeTi ,,duruji~, SarSandeli #8–10 Tu wlevandeli #1,3 – 5, 8–10). mogmarTeT ki imitom, rom visac Tundac erTi statia mainc dagiweriaT pirveli qarTuli Teatraluri enciklopediisTvis, rogorme SemoiaroT CvenTan da erTad movZebnoT Zveli, ase vTqvaT, Tqvenidroindeli masalebi, ra dReSia, ra aklia, riT SevavsoT da davxvewoT da a.S.

nuTu ar kiTxulobT mSobliuri universitetis am mSvenier gazeTs, ukve 140-mde statia gamovaqveyneT momavali enciklopediidan da rogor, arc erTma

Cveni anonsi

vin iyo b. g. andreevskisa, romelmac g. erisTavis pirvel speqtaklebSi (,,gayra~ da ,,dava~ – orive 1850) mTavari rolebi Seasrula, magram dRemde qarTul TeatrmcodneobaSi mis pirovnebasa da biografiaze, Cveni azriT, araferi gamoqveynebula? amis Sesaxeb giambobT ,,durujis~ momdevno nomerSi. enciklopediis saredaqcio kolegia.

ar miipyro Tqveni yuradReba, Tundac kritikuli TvalsazrisiT?! mere rogor unda gviTxraT raime, kargi an cudi, roca mesame welia yovel nomerSi ibeWdeba axal-axali statiebi da Tqven... viTomac araferi?! is mainc ar TqvaT, viTom vinmem miiTvisa Tqveni naSromi!

amitomac, am, ase vTqvaT, Ria weriliT, erTxel kidev minda mogiwvioT, rom erTad mivxedoT am keTilSobilur saqmes. magram Tu amjeradac waiyruebT, mets namdvilad aRar SegawuxebT. gogi doliZe, 1. X. 2019

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saqarTvelos SoTa rusTavelis TeEatrisa da kinos saxelmwifo ...135)_2019.pdf · interesi, romelsac qarTuli mxare iCenda, Tundac, a-is mimarT, romelic sulac ucxoeTSi daibada, aRizarda