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Structure I6th Class : 6th of April 2014
Adrian Budianto
Universitas Terbuka Korea Selatan
1
2
Class 6
Modul 9 Simple Past Past Continuous Past Perfect Past Perfect Progressive
Simple Past Tense
e.g. I went to office yesterday.
now
past future
Simple Past Tense
Fungsi ContohMenyatakan kegiatan yang dimulai dan diakhiri pada waktu tertentu di masa lampau, walaupun pembicara tidak menyebutkan waktunya
Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone.
Biasanya diikuti keterangan waktu I played football last week.
S + V2
Simple Past Tense
Pola Contoh
PositiveS + V2S + was/were + adj/adv/noun
I cooked fried rice this morning.I was late this morning
NegativeS + did not + V1S + was/were not + adj/adv/noun
I didn’t cook fried rice this morning.I was not late this morning.
QuestionDid+ S + V1 ….?Was/Were + S + adj/adv/noun ….?
Wh-Question + did + S + V1?Wh-Question + was/were + S + adj?
Did you go to the library?Were you tired yesterday?
What did you do last night?Who was late this morning?
Did not didn’tWas not wasn’tWere not weren’t
Past Continuous
e.g. She was talking on the phone.
now
past future
Past Continuous
Fungsi ContohMenyatakan suatu kejadian yang berlangsung beberapa saat (waktunya biasanya tidak ditentukan) di masa lampau.
He was sleeping.They were playing football.
S + was/were + Ving
Past Continuous
Pola Contoh
PositiveS + was/were + Ving They were cooking.NegativeS + was/were not + Ving I was not driving.QuestionWas/Were + S + Ving….?
Wh-Question + was/were + S + Ving?
Were you sleeping?
Who was laughing just now?
Was not wasn’tWere not weren’t
Past Continuous + Past Tense
Dalam kalimat, disatukan dengan Past Tense untuk menyatakan suatu kejadian terjadi di saat kejadian lain-nya berlangsung (kedua kejadiannya di masa lampau)
Contoh I was sleeping when he came to my house. While I was sleeping, he came to my house.
I was sleeping
now
past future
he came to my house
While vs When
When + Past tense I was sleeping when he came to my house.
While + Past Continuous While I was sleeping, he came to my house. I was sleeping while my sister was cleaning the house.
Past Perfect
now
past future
Britney arrived
Jennifer called me
Britney had arrived when Jennifer called me
Past Perfect
Fungsi ContohMenyatakan suatu kejadian telah terjadi sebelum waktu tertentu di masa lampau.
When I arrived at home, the thief had broken into my house.
Dapat menyatakan sebab akibat apabila digabungkan dengan simple past tense
He passed the exam because he had studied very hard.
S + had + V3
Past Perfect
Pola Contoh
PositiveS + had + V3 She had finished her homework before
she went shopping.NegativeS + had not/hadn’t + V3 I had not eaten. I was very hungry this
morning.QuestionHad+ S + V3….?
Wh-Question + had + S + V3?
Had you finished your homework before you went shopping?
Who had finished the homework before weekend?
Present Perfect vs Past Perfect
Present Perfect Past Perfect
Menyatakan suatu kejadian yang telah selesai dilakukan sebelum saat ini.
Menyatakan suatu kejadian yang telah selesai dilakukan sebelum masa lampau.
Jane eats lunch
12 PM
Jane is not hungry
1 PM
Jane said: “I am not hungry, I have already eaten my lunch.
4 PM
Jane said: “I was not hungry (at 1 PM), I had already eaten my lunch.
Kejadiannya terjadi (mulai) dimasa lalu
Jane was not hungry
Past Progressive vs Past Perfect
Past Progressive Past Perfect
7 – 7.30 AM : eating breakfast7.15 AM : Someone knock the door
7 – 7.30 AM : eating breakfast7.45 AM : Someone knock the door
8 AM : “I was eating my breakfast when someone knocked the door.”
8 AM : “I had eaten my breakfast when someone knocked the door.
Kejadian 1 masih berlangsung ketika kejadian 2 terjadi
Kejadian 1 sudah selesai ketika kejadian 2 terjadi
Past Perfect Progressive
now
past future
She looked exhausted because she had been running for 10 kilometers.
Running for 10 km
Look exhausted
Past Perfect Progressive
Fungsi Contoh
Menyatakan suatu kegiatan yang terjadi di masa lampau dan terus berlangsung pada masa lampau.
She looked very tired because she had been running.
Menyatakan berapa lama suatu kejadian telah berlangsung sebelum kejadian sebelumnya terjadi.tense
We had been playing the game for 2 hours when our mother came.
S + had been + Ving
Past Perfect Progressive
Pola Contoh
PositiveS + had been + Ving She had been studying for 20 hours.NegativeS + had not been + Ving He had not been sleeping before QuestionHad+ S + been + Ving….?
Wh-Question + had + S + been + Ving?
Had you been running before you came here?How long had you been studying Korean before you came here?
Past Perfect Progressive vs Past Progres-sive
Past Perfect Progressive Past Progressive
5 – 7.45 : raining8 AM: get up8.05 AM : look out the window
5 – 8.30 : raining8 AM: get up8.05 AM : look out the window
1 PM: “When I got up this morning, I looked out the window. It had been raining”
1 PM: “When I got up this morning, I looked out the window. It was raining”
now
past future
now
past future