Suicide-ICM II 2012.pptx

8/11/2019 Suicide-ICM II 2012.pptx

1/11

SUICIDE

Lecturer : dr. Engelberta P.,Sp.KJ

Fakultas Kedokteran

Universitas Pelita Harapan


2/11

DEFINITION

Suicide : Latinsuicidium, from sui caedere(to kill

oneself) is the intentional killing of one's self.

Can be prevented

Differentiate :

Suicide attemptserious act, may be dead if not

prevented immediately

Suicide gesture: unusual, but not fatal, behavior as a

cry for help or to get attention.

Suicide gamble: gamble their lives that they will be

found in time and that the discoverer will save them.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin


3/11

CLASSIFICATION

Contents

[hide]

1 Classification

1.1 Euthanasia and assisted suicide1.2 Murder-suicide

1.3 Suicide attack

1.4 Self-injury

1.5 Mass suicide

Euthanasia and assisted suicide

Achieve death by another persons assistance

May be assisted by family or physician

Murder suicide

Individual kills one or more other person immediately before or at the same timeas himself

Self injury

Most commonly a joint effect ofdepression

Suicide attack

Attacker perpetrates an act of violence against others that results in his death aswell

E.g. Suicide bomb

Mass suicide

Done under peer pressure

A suicide pact has been arranged before
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suicidehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suicidehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suicidehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suicidehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suicidehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suicidehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suicidehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suicidehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suicidehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suicidehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suicidehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suicidehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suicidehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suicidehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suicidehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suicidehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suicidehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suicide


4/11

RiskfactorPast life

experiences

Mental illness

Demographics

Recent lifeexperiences

Availability offirearms

Suicidalthoughts,

Substance use

Other


5/11

DEMOGRAPHICS

Indicator Result

Sex Men >>>> womenAge suicide rate increases with age, spike in adolescent

Ethnicity people with a lighter skin color have a higher rate of suicide

than those with darker skin color

Religion Protestants have a higher rate of suicide

Geography Living in rural areas carries a higher risk of suicide than

living in urban areas

Season Most suicides occur in the spring

Professions Police, dentists, physicians, especially those who deal with

progressively terminally ill patientshigh rate of suicide.

Situation feels or is indeed trappedsuicide risk

Social-cultural-

economic

factors

Poverty and low incomesuicide risk higher


6/11

MENTALILLNESS

Depression

Involves a preoccupation with death

Important consideration SSRIs have a lower rate of fataloverdoses than tricyclics

Schizophrenia

significantly high risk for suicide

may experience command hallucinations to kill herself

suspicions and fears isolation and withdrawal.

Anxietydisorders

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and phobic disordersPossibility of suicide

PTSD

struggle with flashbacks and nightmare depressedsuiciderisk

,


7/11


8/11


9/11

MANAGEMENT(1)

Assessment:

clear and complete evaluation and clinical interview number of questions must be asked :

Determine whether the person has any thoughts of hurting him or herself

If suicidal ideation is present, the next question must be about any plans

for suicidal acts

D etermine what the patient believes his or her suicide would achieveAny question of suicide also must be coupled with an inquiry into the

person's potential for homicide

Collateral questions should be asked based the reviewed risk factors.

Other sources

Family

suicide note

self-administered tests: Beck Depression Inventory, Hamilton Depression

Rating Scale, the HANDS (Harvard Department of Psychiatry/National

Depression Screening Day Scale) Depression Screening Questionnaire,

and the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory.


10/11

MANAGEMENT(2)

Intervention

the individual must not be left alone

Remove anything that the patient may use to hurt or kill

him or herself.

The suicidal patient is treated initially in a secure, safe,

and highly supervised place.

Suicide constitutes an immediate solution to an

underlying problem.

The critical factor is first to keep the patient alive Treat the underlying condition.

Once the person is safe, start a series of outpatient

treatments in less restrictive settings


11/11

TAKE

HOMEMESSAGE

In many cases, suicidecan be prevented

As physician, do notunderestimate suicide

idea

Dont forget to assessrisk factors

Search for sign andsymptoms that could

be indicators

Swift and decisiveinterventions based

upon a thoroughassessment can save

lives

GOODLUCK

Documents

Suicide-ICM II 2012.pptx