Thi Cong Tu Mong Den Hoan Thien Nha Dan Dung

8/7/2019 Thi Cong Tu Mong Den Hoan Thien Nha Dan Dung

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Bin php thi cng t mng n hon thin nh dn dng,nh xng

a ch bivit

I. Cng tc chun ba. nhn mt bng cng trnh, ct mc cng trnh (c bn v v d ton nhkm theo cng trnh), cos cao cng trnh ( phn ny ti s ni r hn vi lphn quan trng).

b. dn dp mt bng ( c, cy, cc vt dng.....), ng ln tri b vt tv cng nhn ngh li cng trnh, trng hp nh dn dng hai bn l vchnh th sn trc tim ct vo hai vch nh mn lm chun, trng hp cng trnh rng hn th ng gabarie lm tim chun cho bc ct.c. ly gc chun cho nh chun b xy dng thng ta p dng bnh phnghai cnh huyn nhn cho cnh cn li ( khng bit ng khng na) thngthng th vy:- ly mt cnh nh lm chun sau ging dy nh theo phng trc dcca nh ti hai im ny ng gabarie sn, tip theo ging dy nh theo trcngang nh bt u ly gc vung nh theo cch sau: mt trc ta ly chiu

di ca thc o l 1,9m;3,1m v trc kia ta ly chiu di l: 2,5m;4,1m vging cho hai im li ta c cc kch thc sau : 3m;5m ( thng thngly gc ta phi b bt 10cm ca thc bi v 10cm u ca thc khngchnh xc nhiu)- tip theo l ly trc ngang, dc ca cng trnh theo hai phng ly gct ta ng gabarie vo cc v tr, sau ny hon thin ta cng cn tin.II. Thi cnga. o t mng cng trnh:Trong phn ny ta cn chun b nhng th nh sau: my o, xe vn chuynt, cng nhn.....

Trong phn ny ti xin nhc n cos cao cng trnh, theo ti khi i thicng th ti c mt s kinh nghim nh sau:- nu cos cng trnh cao hn mt ng t nhin 0,45m th ta nn chn v trngay mp ng ( gi l b va) l cos -1,450 v dn ng nc hoc bnthu bnh vo n chn cng trnh l cos +1,000 t ta ly cos chun thi cng o t v chiu cao ca cng trnh.Cm n cc bn quan tm n ch ny, hm nay ti tip tc ti thicng t mng n mi.Trong phn trc ti gii thiu n Cos cng trnh nh th no ri hmnay tip theo l phn o t mng, hm t hoi, b cha chy.....

Phn ny ty theo a th ca mi cng trnh m theo phng php ca mik s cng trnh tnh ton lm sao mi tn tht nh nhn cng, vt t, camy phi theo kp. Cn ch khi thi cng nh lin k cn phi c cc cgia c hai bn mng lin k m bo khng gy ln st mng nh k bn(phi i hu ta mt lm nha) phng php ny ti thng dng l dngvn thp nh hnh ng xung nn mng trc khi o t, sau mi thicng o t. Trong cng tc o t ny ta nn kt hp lm mt s vicnh sn xut lp dng st mng, st c ct, st king.Trong phn sn xut lp dng thp cc bn nn ch tnh ton cn thn bi
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v ch sai mt t l i tong cy st khng lm n g c (b ri nn c kinhnghim) phn st ai th tnh ton cho ng vi tng s ai ct, dm v d:Ct c tit din l 200 x 300 khong cch bc ai l a 200 fi 6 th ta tnhton nh sau: 200 x 300 = 1000cm => ct thp ai fi 6 l 150 x 250 =800cm, bi v mnh phi tr lp b tng sau khi mi mt bn l 2,5cm,sau khi ta c chiu di ct mt cy thp ai fi 6 ta nhn s ai ln ri cho

cng nhn ct ai, ch phi vit ln bng cho cng nhn lm ng, vphn thp cu to (thp gn) th cn ch hn i vi c ct tnh ton saocho khi b tng king xong th phi d theo D ca thp v d thp gnfi 18 x 30D =540 th ta phi cha st l 600cm t mp trn ca king sauny ta cn ni thp ct ln sn na, v phn st dm th cn ch im nist ti nhp th 1/4l nhp, ti gi th 2/3l nhp.Trc khi sang phn b tng ti xin ni thm phn lp dng ct thp dm(), st ct, v st sn, th n phn coffa (vn khun), trong phn vnkhun ta nn ch chn vn khun ng chng loi th trng hin nay crt nhiu loi vn khun cho bn la chn ( vn p xi hai nc dt, vnkhun nha xi vnh vin tin nhiu, vn khun thp xi tt nhng hay bcong vnh do va p) ty theo mi cng trnh m k s trng cng trnh lachn, cng trng ti hay la chn vn khun loi vn p (hnh con rng)loi ny c mt c im l nh d vn chuyn c th ct ni vo u cthay u c, c nhiu loi cho bn la chn 20cm x 4m; 25cm x4m;30cm x 4m..... vn sn th ti xi loi bng st 1m x 1m; 50cm x 1m....cy gng th xi loi 5 x 5... v xi gin do chng cho sn (cn gi lgin treo) ci ny ngi Nam hay thi cng nht d lm m d cht cngnhiu... s b qua v coffa n phn b tng cho ct, dm, sn thng thngb tng cho ct th c mc (#) b tng cao bng sn, dm cc loi dm lanht, vng cng vy phng php b tng bng tay c tnh nh sau: b

tng #200 c cng thc tnh nh sau : nh mc vt t thao tiu chun 1,48m3 ct, 1, 95 m3 , 0,7 xi mng, cn cng trng th c tnh nh saucng thc : 4 ct, 6 , 1 bao xi, ci ny c phn tch nh sau: 4 ct cngha l 4 thng B ct. Ngh i n cm rnh chy dz lm tip cc bn hiu r hn tnh cht quan trng ca cng trnh hm nay ti mnphp reupload li ton b tng chi tit mt ca mt cng trnh thi cng nhth no v vn php l n lm sao ti xin trnh by ht trong ny mongmi ngi ng gp v cho kin nh.Huy ng thit b phc v thi cng:+Cng tc thi cng t:

Thi cng c gii kt hp th cng. D kin huy ng xe my cc loi sau:Xe o bnh hi hiu SAMSUNG, SOLAR (KOREA).Xe xc t hiu KOMATSU.My bm nc.My m bn, m di.+Cng tc b tng:Dng b tng ti, c ch t nh my sn xut b tng n khi gi int hng, loi xe b tng c dung tch 6m3.My m di, bn, my ct un st, khoan.


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My lm mt b tng.+ Cng tc coffa ct thp:S dng cc thit b sau:H thng coffa g kt hp coffa thp nh hnh.Dng puli cu lp .My ct, un ct thp.

My hn in.My ca khoan (BOSCH).Thit b cm tay (bt vt, bn inh) bng hi v bng in.Vn khun v ging chng phi m bo: n nh khng bin hnh, cng vbn. Chu c trng lc v p lc mt bn ca b tng mi cng nhcc lc xut hin trong qu trnh thi cng. m bo kch thc v hnh dngchnh xc, m bo ng v tr so vi cc b phn ca cng trnh ang thchin.+ Cng tc hon thin:My trn va.My Nivo.My ca, mi hiu BOSCH.My phun sn.My ct gch (kh, nc) hiu HITACHI.My nh bng nn.+Cng tc mc, vn khun g:My lin hp.My bo tay.My ca tay.+ Cng tc in nc:Khoan in cm tay, my o in tr t.

+Thit b trc c, kim tra cht lng cng trnh:Thit b th nghim ti hin trng.B dng c kim tra st b tng.Dng c o m ca ct.Thng hay vt liu khc ct gi cc mu ct liu, cement.ng o 100ml, nhit k.1 my kinh v Leica TC600 (Thy S), 1 my kinh v NIKON (Nht), 1 mythy bnh LeiCa 820 (Thy S), my thy chun, sng bn b tng.Khun ly mu b tng theo tiu chun.Thit b kim tra cng thp, b tng, mc va ti phng th nghim.

1. Cng tc chun b thi cng: i n gia on thi cng ca cng trnh th vic chun b cc s liu v kthut, x hi l mt cng tc rt quan trng, n nh hng trc tip n tin, cht lng v i sng ca cn b, cng nhn thi cng cng trng sauny.+ Cc cng vic cn chun b:Mt ct a cht cng trnh, tnh cht c l ca cc lp t, ca nn v acht thy vn.Kh nng vn chuyn thit b my mc c gii n cng trng sao cho an


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ton v kinh t nht.Cc ngun vt t cung cp cho cng trnh.Ngun in nc phc v cho thi cng v phc v cho sinh hot ca cn b,cng nhn thi cng cng trnh.Nhng qui nh chung ni cng trnh xy dng.Chun b h s php l:

Sau khi c thng bo trng thu s tin hnh ngay cc th tc php l:+ Thng tho i n k kt hp ng kinh t giao nhn thu xy lp.+ Nhn bn giao mt bng, ct mc, cao chun.+ Lin h vi chnh quyn a phng lm th tc cn thit a cng nhn,thit b thi cng, vt t n cng trng. Mt khc, kt hp vi a phngtrong cng tc bo v, phng chng chy n v v sinh mi trng.+ K kt cc hp ng kinh t, hp ng mua bn cung cp vt t v nhanhchng tp kt ti cng trng.Nghin cu k h s:Nghin cu li ton b bn v thit k k thut. So snh cc bin php tchc thi cng sao cho tit kim thi gian v t hiu qu, m bo chtlng cng trnh hp l nht v tin hnh lm bng tin thi cng chi tittng hng mc cng trnh c th, b tr cn b, cng nhn ph hp thicng lin tc. Cng trong thi gian ny chng ta s chun b k kt cc hpng cung cp vt t thit b cn thit.2. Mt bng t chc thi cng:- Mt bng cng trnh nm trn ng nh Phong Ph, do vt liu, mymc thit b c vn chuyn ch yu trn tuyn ng ny.- Hin ti xung quanh khu vc mt xy dng cha cao, xung quanh c ngtrnh tng i trng v c ng giao thng ni b i ngang cng trnh.- Cc cng tc gia cng lp dng nh thp, vn khun c thc hin ngay

cnh cng trng. Tn dng phn t trng ca cng trnh.- Cc bi cha vt liu st thp nm gc cng trnh, coffa g, coffa nhac phn theo chng loi ring cha tng bi ring bit.- Ngun in phc v thi cng cho cng trnh c s dng t trm c lpt trn cng trnh.- Ngun nc phc v thi cng cng trnh s dng ngun nc hin c aphng.3. S t chc thi cng:- S t chc thi cng c b tr ph hp vi c im cng trnh trnh ca cn b nhm m bo cho cng trnh thi cng ng tin , t cht

lng.- S t chc hin trng thi cng gm 3 b phn:+ B phn ch huy chung ti tr s.B phn ch huy ti cng trnh.B phn thi cng trc tip.Mi quan h gia tr s chnh v vic qun l ti cng trng:B phn ch huy ti tr s v s ch huy ti hin trng thng xuyn cho, bn bc, trao i t chc thi cng ti cng trng bng cc bui hpgiao ban hng tun ti hin trng. Cc phng ban ti tr s chnh thng


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xuyn kim tra v gip ban ch huy cng trng gii quyt mi vng mcv khi lng, vt t, my mc, thit b.Vai tr ca ban ch huy cng trng:+ T chc ti cng trng bao gm : 01 ch huy trng cng trnh v 01 chhuy ph ti cng trnh, ch huy trng l ngi trc tip iu hnh thi cngchung ti hin trng v ch huy ph l ngi thay th khi ch huy trng

vng mt.+ Ban ch huy cng trng ton quyn gii quyt mi vn trn cngtrng v chu trch nhim trc Cng ty v mi quyt nh ca mnh. Cctrng b phn phi chu trch nhim trc ban ch huy cng trng v mivn ca bp hn mnh ph trch v nhn lnh trc tip t ban ch huycng trng+Ban ch huy cng trng ca cng ty c giao ton quyn qun l, giiquyt mi vn lin quan n cng tc v sinh mi trng v thc hin ccth tc php l vi cc c quan chnh quyn s ti, vi ban qun l bn A vvi ngi lao ng.+Ban ch huy cng trng lp ra cc bin php bo m v sinh mi trngni thi cng v khu vc ln cn, nh bin php che chn, chng bi, chngkhi, chng n, gy nhim, s dng my mc, thit b ph hp, tun theocc qui nh ca Nh nc v ch s ting n, khi+Ban ch huy cng trng s t chc cho mt nhm lao ng phc v chocng tc v sinh mi trng. B phn ny s trc tip thc hin cc cngvic nh qut dn v sinh cng trng v khu vc ln cn, ti nc chngbi, thu gom rc trong thi cng+Ban ch huy cng trng c nhim v gio dc thc chp hnh cc quinh v v sinh, bo v mi trng cho lc lng cn b, nhn vin, cngnhn tham gia ti cng trng thng qua cc hot ng sinh hot, lao ng

hng ngy, cc cuc hp giao ban gia ban ch huy vi i trng thi cng.Vai tr gim st k thut ti cng trng:+ B phn gim st k thut c chuyn mn v trnh nghip v ca cngty c thnh lp v hot ng rt c hiu qu trong vic qun l, kimtra cht lng sn phm xy dng. B phn gim st k thut ny c btr ngay ti hin trng t khi cng trnh bt u thi cng.+ B phn ny c quyn v trch nhim kim tra cht lng vt liu, chtlng bn thnh phm, cht lng thi cng cng trnh theo ng quy trnhth nghim kim tra. Mi cng tc u c b phn ny kim tra, nghimthu trc khi mi gim st k thut nghim thu. B phn ny c quyn t

chi mi vt liu khng t yu cu v cht lng chng loi.Cc b phn xy dng cng trnh:+ Cc b phn phc v: k thut ca cc n v thi cng, vt t, hnh chnh,an ton lao ng, trc t, kho c iu hnh trc tip bi ch huy trngv ch huy ph cng trnh.+ Cc i thi cng gm: i ct thp, i coffa, i b tng, i hon thin,i in, i nc, i phc v thi cng trc tip ti cng trng c lnho bi nhng k s giu kinh nghim chu trch nhim t chc thi cng theo


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chc nng c giao ca i di s ch huy trc tip ca ch huy trngcng trnh.4. Cng tc trc c:+ nh v cng trnh xy dng trong phm vi khu t:* Cng trnh l nh chung c cho cc s. S lin quan gia cc cu kincc b phn rt cht ch nn cng tc trc c cc k quan trng. Cng tc

trc c gip vic thi cng c chnh xc v mt kch thc ca cng trnh,m bo thng ng, nm ngang ca kt cu, xc nh ng v tr cukin, h thng k thutn loi tr n mc ti thiu cc sai s v tim ct,v tr trong thi cng.*Cn c theo cc mc bn giao ca n v thit k. Da vo cc li trcchun trn mt bng neo vo cc vt c nh. Cc mc ny c bo qungm tt c cc cng vic xc nh, cao cho tng hng mc, cc chi tit thicng, t vic lp t coffa cho n cc cng tc hon thin thc hin giaion cui cng trnh.+ Lp li trc to trc c:* Lui trc c c lp da vo cc trc ca cng trnh theo thit k. y lcng tc quan trng, m bo cng trnh c b tr, kch thc v thngng. Cc li trc ca tng trn c lp trn c s li xut pht t tngtrt, cc im ny c chuyn ln cc tng trn theo phng php chuynthng ng.+ Chuyn cao ln tng bng thc thp o trc tip theo mp tng, mpct vi sai lch l 3mm, s dng my thy bnh t ng trong thi cng thng nht v thun li cho vic thi cng cc cu kin, chi tit trn tngcao c dch +1000 so vi cao hon thin c nh li bng sn titng, vch, ct.+ Lp li quan st:

+ Cc bc ca cng tc trc c v cc yu cu k thut s c cng tytun th theo qui nh tiu chun Vit Nam 3972-85 c th nh sau: khinhn c tim mc ca ch u t, s xc nh tim mc trn mt bng. V trcc tim mc c bo v bng cch b tng c ro chn m bo khngb m, b mt trong qu trnh thi cng.+ Li khng ch thi cng c b tr thun tin theo cc trc trn bn vm bo cho vic thi cng c bo v lu di m bo chnh xc cao.+ Cc mc o ln c b tr khong cch m bo n nh v bo vtrong sut qu trnh thi cng. Khong cch cc mc quan trc ln s cthc hin mt tun trn mt ln c ch n im gia ti nh thm sn,

xong phn xy cc bo co kt qu quan trc s c thc hin dngbiu v hon thnh ngay trong ngy . Bo co c lp thnh 02 bgm cc thng tin sau:+ Thi gian quan trc.+ Tn ngi thc hin quan trc v ghi s liu.+ L lch thit b o.+ Mt bng v tr cc quan trc.+ Cc s liu sau khi quan trc ti cc mc.+ Cc ghi ch (nu c) ca nhn vin o c.


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+ Ch k ca ngi thc hin quan trc, i din n v thi cng, BQLDA.Ton b kt qu s c trnh cho T vn gim st v lu gi trong h snghim thu cc giai on thi cng, hon thnh cng trnh.+ Cng ty s tin hnh trc c mt cch h thng, kt hp cht ch ngb vi tin thi cng. Cng tc o c c tin hnh thng xuyn trncng trng, bao gm tt c cc cng vic xc nh v tr, cao cho cc

hng mc, cc chi tit thi cng, t vic lp t coffa cho n cc cng vichon thin thc hin giai on cui cng trnh.+ Dng c quan trc gm cc my thuc ti sn cng ty. Tt c u trongtnh trng hot ng tt c th gm:+ My kinh v theo 10B ca c.+ My thy bnh ca c.PHN MNG+ Do cng trnh l chung c nn phn mng cn phi c tnh ton k cnthn trn c s nghin cu nhng ti liu lin quan v a cht ca t vsc chu ti cng trnh.+ Qua tnh ton, nghin cu s liu cng trnh a ra gii php mng btng ct thp cho cng trnh l mt phng n hp l.+ Mng b tng ct thp c gia cng thp, ngay ti cng trng.+ Mng c ch to gm hai loi mng bng v mng n. Vn khun b tng mng dng vn khun g gia cng v lp dng.+ V tr cc mng c xc nh v trnh by trn bn v c nh du trnmt bng cng trnh.+ trnh lu lng nc ngm, tri ma lm cn tr qu trnh thi cngnn b tr nhng mng nh,h thu nc, my bm quanh chu vi h mng thot nc lm sch h mng.+ o mng tng khu vc ca tng khi thnh mt h mng chung. Sau khi

o t xong s tin hnh m nn y mng v b tng lt mng.+ Cu to mng gm hai phn i mng v mng.Theo cu to trn phn khi mng thnh 02 t thi cng:t 1: thi cng b tng mng:+ b tng lt mng 4x6, mc 100, dy 100, rng hn mng theomi phng l 100.+ bng th cng, dng m bn k, xc nh tim mng.+ Thp dng lm v mng l thp 12a150 c buc thnh li sn ngoi, khi b tng mng th em vo lp t.+ Mi ni gia thp c mng v thp v mng phi m bo 30d. Buc

cc vin k vo ct thp theo yu cu lp bo v.+ Cn chnh ct thp theo tim mng v c nh.+ Lm thp i mng, mng.+ Lp v hiu chnh ct thp i mng, mng.+ Lp vn thnh mng, i mng, mng.+ b tng i mng mng.+ b tng mng mc # 250.+ Lm v sinh lp ct thp, coffa v phn b tng lt mng.+ B tng c trn bng my trn qu l.


8/15

+ Tin hnh b tng bng th cng n y king.+ Dng m di m k b tng.- Bo dng b tng mng sau khi .+ Tin hnh bo dng sau khi 1 bui.+ Cho ngi ti nc ngy 4 ln trong mt tun.+ Ph kn mt mng bng bao ti m bo m cho mng.

+ Tho d vn khun mng.+ Sau khi b tng 01 ngy, tin hnh tho vn khun mng v c mng.Tho vn khun theo ng yu cu k thut trnh lm st m cu kin.t 2: Cng tc dm ging mng:Dm ging mng BTCT mc 200, c cc tit din sau: DK1(200 x 500);DK1a(200 x 300); DK2(200 x 300); DK3(100 x 300).+ Gia cng lp dng ct thp+ Ct dc v ct ai c gia cng xng theo kch thc thit k.+ Thp c buc thnh khung v lp vo v tr.+ Buc cc vin k dy 30mm vo ct thp m bo chiu dy lp btng bo v ct thp.+ Gia cng lp dng vn khun g.+ Vn khun c gia cng v ng thnh hp tp kt li.+ t vn khun vo v tr v iu chnh cho ng v tr thit k.+ Sau khi iu chnh xong c nh vn khun bng cy g 3x5.+ b tng mc 200.+ Lm v sinh vn khun, ct thp.+ Tin hnh nghim thu vn khun v ct thp dm ging mng.+ Tin hnh trn v b tng.+ m k bng m di.+ Tho d vn khun

+ Sau khi b tng c 01 ngy tin hnh tho vn khun dm gingmng.+ Tho vn khun theo ng yu cu k thut trnh lm st m cu kin.THI CNG P T TN NNt c vn chuyn t im n v tr gn mt bng mng.Lm sn cng tc i qua h ging mng.Dng xe ra vn chuyn lp h mng t ngoi vo trong.Ti nc m k.PHN KHUNGI. CNG TC COFFA

+ Cng tc coffa l mt trong nhng khu quan trng quyt nh n chtlng b tng, hnh dng v kch thc ca kt cu. Coffa s dng cho cccng tc phn thn l coffa thp v coffa g, coffa c phn loi v tpkt ring ti cc bi trn cng trng. Trc khi a vo s dng coffa cv sinh sch s v ph ln mt lp chng dnh. i vi coffa g cn ht sccn thn trong ca x trnh lng ph v ch.+ Coffa c gia cng, lp dng ngay ti cng trng.+ Trc khi tho coffa, bn B mi gim st k thut bn A n nghim thub mt ca cu kin.


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COFFA CT.+ Coffa c dng l coffa g.+ S dng cy chng g trn. ng knh cy chng t 8 10cm.+ S dng nhng thanh g 5 x 10cm lm ging ngang v dc.b. COFFA DM, SN+ Coffa dm, sn bng g.

+ Cy chng g trn.+ Cng tc coffa c thc hin nh sau:+ Chun b:- Bt mc xc nh v tr coffa.- B tr nhn lc ph hp, thc hin theo ng nhu cu cng vic.- V sinh mt bng ni s lp dng coffa.+ Cng tc coffa c thc hin nh sau:Cn b k thut trc tip ch o cho cc t trng, ch chuyn mn thchin cng tc coffa, m bo tht chnh xc theo yu cu k thut. Trnhtnh trng lp dng xong coffa phi tho d dng li do khng ng yucu k thut.Tin hnh lp dng coffa theo bn v chi tit v ch dn ca cn b k thut.Coffa c lp dng phi vng chc, neo cht vo nhng im c nh,khng cho coffa b x dch bin dng trong qu trnh b tng.V sinh coffa sch sau khi lp dng xong.Cn b k thut phi nghim thu cng tc coffa trc khi tin hnh cng tctip theo.Coffa phi c ti nc v sinh trc khi b tng.

LP DNG COFFA

+ Bo dng, bo v cng tc coffa.Coffa sau khi c lp dng xong nu cha c b tng th s c bok trnh b x dch.

II. CNG TC CT THP:+ Ct thp c gia cng, lp dng ngay ti cng trng, c tin hnhtheo tng cng vic, tng khu vc nh b ai, un thp, ct thp, ko thngthp thp c gia cng bng c th cng v bng my. My mc phc vcho cng tc ct thp trn cng trng v c nhiu loi nh my un, myct, my ko thp

+ Thp a v cng trnh phi ng yu cu thit k mi c php sdng. Ct thp c dng c hai loi l thp gn v thp trn. Tit din cnhiu loi vi ng knh khc nhau nh 6, 8 ,10, 12 ,14, 16 ,18 vic sdng thp ng loi l tu thuc vo bn v thit k kt cu cng trnh. Khigia cng thp trn phi b mc cn thp gn th khng b mc.+ Ct thp c gia cng l thp ai, thp m, li thp+ Ct thp trc khi s dng phi c sa thng, nh sch g thp, c thdng ba p thng hoc dng my un nn thng. Vi thp c ng knhdi 20mm th ta c th ct un bng tay v nu ng knh ln hn 20mm


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th ta phi dng my.+ Thp khi ct ra un phi xc nh thm dn di ca n, yu cu: ctthp b un gin ra thm 0,5d khi un gc 450, 1d khi un gc 900, 1,5d khiun gc 1800. on neo ct thp cng trng qui nh l 30d ct thp. Nict thp c hai dng l ni hn v ni bng km buc.+ Chun b lp thp:

B phn gia cng thp s thc hin ng bn v di s hng dn ca cnb k thut. Thp sau khi gia cng s c nh s theo ng chng loi vphn b ti ni cn lp dng. Tin hnh vch mc v tr lp thp. V dinhthp, dn dp mt bng v tr lp thp. Chun b cc ph kin, tp hp sn v tr lp thp nh cc k, km buc ng thi b tr nhn lc ph hp viyu cu cng vic.+ Thc hin cng tc ct thp:Tin hnh lp thp theo bn v kt cu di s hng dn ca cn b kthut. Ct thp sau khi lp dng phi m bo ng kch thc, ng s hiuthit k, ng v tr khong cch ca nhng thanh thp v im ni chiu dicc mi ni. Lu nhng v tr tip gip ca ct vi tng, ct vi lamphi t thp ch lin kt. Nu pht hin ra nhng sai lch so vi bn vthit k cn phi chnh sa li ngay nh lch st, qun hay thiu thp ch.S dng c kch thc theo yu cu m bo dy ca lp b tng bov theo thit k nhm bo v cho thp chng li s tc ng ca mi trngxung quanh. Coffa phi c lp dng vng chc, khng xy ra tnh trngthp b x lch, chuyn v tr bin dng trong qu trnh m b tng. Saukhi lp dng ct thp xong phi dn v sing sch s, trnh khng tc ngmnh vo cu trc thp lp dng phng thp b x lch. Cn b kthut nghim thu ct thp sua khi lp dng xong khi mi tin hnh cngtc tip theo.

Ngoi ra cng trng cn dng thp lm hng ro bo v an ton cho cngnhn lm vic v c hn vo cc cy chng st theo cc phng lm hging vng chc.Ct thp sau khi lp dng xong, nu cha b tng phi c bo v ktrnh vt nng ln gy x lch khng ng theo hnh dng, kch thc,v tr thit k. Trnh cc cht bn nh du m, bi bm dnh vo thp.Ct thp sau khi lp dng xong phi tin hnh b tng cng nhanh cngtt trnh cc iu kin bn ngoi thm nhp lm cho thp b g st. Snphm b tng sau khi tho coffa nht thit khng c li thp.* Mt s lu trong cng tc ct thp:

+ Ct thp ct:Do kch thc, tit din ca cng trnh ln nn ct thp ct khng c giacng sn thnh khung thp m c ni tng thanh vo thp ch ct, sau mi lp dng thp ai v lp to thnh khung ngay ti v tr ct cn t thp.Di chn ct dng hai thanh thp hn cho gc nhau vi cc thanh thp gcca khung thp c nh v tr ct, on trn mt t th dng thp C mc thai cnh ca thp ai c bn mt nh vy m ct c nh v chnh xc.+ Ct thp dm:c ghp thnh tng thanh theo yu cu kt cu theo nguyn tc ct thp


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pha trn ca dm ph nm trn ct thp dm chnh v ct thp pha trnca dm chnh nm trn ct thp sn. Lp dng ct thp dm mp trnvn khun dm v khi lp xong ri mi h xung.+ Ct thp sn:Ch t thp bin php (hn vo st sn) sau ny buc dy cp ko ctv chng trt cho cy chng trn sn. t cc k bo m lp bo v sn.

III. CNG TC B TNG:Cng nh cng tc vn khun, ct thp th cng tc b tng cng gi vaitr quan trng trong thi cng. B tng s dng phi tun th theo TCVN.B tng c s dng l b tng thng phm c a n cng trnh bngxe trn, c a ln sn bng cu thp v mt xe bm ngang cng sut80m3/gi d phng. Cht lng cc loi ct liu nh ct, , xi mng,ncthng xuyn c kim nghim theo TCVN. Cc th nghim s clu gi np trnh ban qun l xt duyt. Bn sao v xi mng s dng trnxi mng s np trnh, trong nu r loi b tng c kim tra phntch cht lng ti phng th nghim c chc nng c ban qun l chpthun, bo m ph hp vi yu cu s dng ca cng trnh.Cp phi b tng s dng cho cng trnh s c lp v np trnh ban qunl thit k ph duyt. Quy trnh b tng cho tng loi cu kin phi cgim st cht ch m bo t cht lng b tng cao nht. Cc dng c che nng, trnh mt nc nhanh, che ma, m b tng phi lun dphng sn. B tng phi m bo khng b r, khng b phn tng khi mb tng.+ Thc hin cng tc b tng:- Tp hp cc s liu, h s, l lch ca ct liu s dng cho b tng (ct, ,xi mng, thp) khi cc s liu c tp hp y , ng yu cu thit kth mi c s dng, thit k cp phi b tng theo yu cu ca kt cu

cng trnh. Sau khi c thit k cp phi s ly mu th nghim hnh lpphng 15 x 15 x 15 bo dng mu theo quy trnh k thut sau tinhnh p mu kim tra cng b tng.- Ct thp, coffa phi c nghim thu trc khi b tng, xt n tt ccc lc tc dng (do my mc phc v cho vic b tng gy ra nh mdi, ng bm) khi b tng vo thp v coffa phi m bo khng lmsai lch v tr thp hay gy n cho coffa lm cho cu kin b bin dng, sailch so vi thit k ra. Trc khi phi kim tra k lng, kp thi bt kncc khe h gia coffa vi nhau trnh tnh trng b tng chy nc bng giybao thm nc, bng keokim tra cc cc k m bo lp bo v b tng.

V sinh sch s phn bn trong v bn ngoi cu kin b tng khng st vt no trong ngoi cu kin v khi ri s khng ly ra c.- Vch ct cao , ct nn ca khi theo yu cu thit k. Chun b mtbng to khong khng thao tc, ng vn chuyn t ni trn n ni sao cho thun li nht, b tng c vn chuyn ti l lin tc khngc gin on nu khng s nh hng n cng cng nh lin ktca b tng vi kt cu thp.- Chun b cc dng c, thit b b tng nh m b tng, xng xc,x ngnu cao phi chun b gin do nh khi ct trng hp


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vo ban m phi chun b h thng chiu sng phc v cho cng tc b tng.- B tr lc lng nhn cng, gim st k thut theo yu cu cng vic.+ T chc cc nhm thc hin bao gm:- B phn hng dn ch o: gm cn b k thut, i trng i thi cng.B phn ch huy ny phi c mt tc trc khi b tng, kp thi pht hin

v x l mi tnh hung xy ra trn cng trng.- Nhm kim tra: Kim tra li coffa, ct thp, km buc trc v trongkhi .- Nhm vn chuyn, b tng: b tng c chuyn ti v tr bng bmb tng hoc bng xe ct kt vn chuyn n.- Nhm hon thin b mt b tng: m bo sau khi b mt b tngng cao thit k nhn phng hoc to dc cho b tng. Trong qutrnh b tng ch phi m di tht k cho b tng phn b utrong kt cu ( s dng m di my).- Vic b tng, hon thin b mt b tng s phi thc hin theo ngyu cu k thut i s ch o ca b phn hng dn.+ Mt s lu trong cng tc b tng:- B tng ct: b tng ct dng b tng thng phm c trn snmang n cng trng bng xe trn. T y b tng c cng nhn xc v th cng tng x b tng vo ct. B tr nhn lc gm ngi xc, ngivn chuyn, ngi chuyn, ngi m di v ngi b tng. b tngtrn ct cao th phi bt gin do. m bo phi hp nhp nhng mi thnhvin thc hin cng vic cho b tng vo ct c lin tc. cao b tng ct phi nh hn 1,5m do , ta phi cha l trn vn khun ctm bo ri ca b tng khi ct. Ch m di k cho b tngphn b u trong ct v trnh r mt b tng. Cc tng trn cao dng cn

trc thp phn b b tng ct.- B tng dm, sn: do t im Thnh ph xe b tng ch c th vo banm v vy cng tc b tng dm, sn c tin hnh vo ban m chon sng. Dm, sn c ton khi sua khi nghim thu ct thp,ng in m trong sn, cc v tr t ng ncxe b tng c tngoi cng trnh, c bm ln sn bng vi bm. B tr b tng trn sngm hai ngi iu chnh vi bm, mt nhm dn b tng ra cho u v mdi. b tng ti u th m di ti , b tng t trn cao xung chsu trc sau mi ch cn. Do sn rng nn khi b tng phi tornh phn chia mt khi b mt ln thnh cc din tch nh hn . Ch

b tng t gia ra hai bn.Ngoi ra cn b tng thnh b nc, thnh thang my, cu thangKhi thi cng b tng ct thp phi lm nhiu t, mch ngng gia cct phi xc nh trc. V tr t mch ngng sao cho ni lc v tr tng i nh v phi vung gc vi phng truyn lc nn ca kt cu: ivi ct th mch ngng t ti v tr tip gip gia u ct vi mt di cadm, i vi sn nm th t ti chn m ct, i vi dm xin mch ngngt ti chn dm xin, i vi cu trc mch ngng t ti vai cu trc haypha trn cu trc, i vi dm, sn mch ngng t ngay di chn bn


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sn, sn khng sn th mch ngng t bt k v tr no min sao songsong vi phng cnh ngn, sn c sn th mch ngng t nhp snnm v pha bn phi. Ch x l mch ngng phi to nhm b mt camch ngng.+ Bo dng tho d coffa:- Bo dng b tng giai on u s bt u ngay sau khi b mt b tng

cng, khng b v v vic bo dng phi tin hnh lin tc trong 12gi.- B mt b tng phi lun gi m bng cch ti nc ln hoc dng vtliu gi nc ph ln b mt gi cho b tng lun c m.- Ch c tho d coffa khi cng b tng t yu cu theo quy phm thicng v nghim thu. Khi tho coffa khng c lm chn ng v rung nhhng kt cu b tng. Ngay sau khi tho coffa phi kim tra sa cha tt ccc khuyt tt nh v, nt, n.PHN HON THIN

- CNG TC XY:+ Do tnh cht cng trnh l dang khung b tng ct thp chu lc nn htng ch mang tnh cht bao che ch yu, t tham gia chu lc, vt liu cdng khi xy tng l gch. Tuy nhin, cng cn phi tun th ba nguyntc chnh khi xy gch l:+ Gch xy tng hng phi phng mt, vung gc vi phng ca lc tcdng vo khi xy hoc gc nghing ca lc tc dng vo khi xy vphng vung gc vi khi xy phi


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t st to khun v em nung, c giy chng nhn ca cc c quan chuynmn kim nghim do kh nng chng li nh hng ca thi tit cao.Gm gch ng 4 l 80 x 80 x 190 v gch th 40 x 80 x 190.( S dng xi mng polng holcim mc 200 cn trong thi hn s dng vbo qun trong kho bi ng tiu chun.( Ct dng l ct sch, mn khng ln tp cht, kch thc ng u, ng

yu cu trong cp phi va xy. Nu ct khng sch ta phi tin hnh snloi b tp cht trong ct.( Nc sch phi c ly t ngun nc ca khu vc.( Cp phi va phi c pha trn thch hp, trnh nhng trng hp vanon lm gim lin kt hay va gi gy lng ph. Cht lng ca va xyt c kim tra th nghim trong phng v trn hin trng xy dng.( Chun b xy:Coffa dm, sn, ct v h ging chng c tho ra v dn dp gn gngm bo khng vng trong qu trnh xy, ng thi to ra mt mt bngthun li cho vic vn chuyn vt liu xy n ng ch v b tr vt liu khixy nh gch, mng h, khi xy ln cao cn phi b tr gin do.Th chnh v th ph u .Dng c xy gm bay, thc, dy nh, bn ch, niv.Xc nh tng xy l loi no 100, 200 hay ln hn xy hp l ng kthut.Xc nh tim mc, v tr xy.Th ph vn chuyn vt liu gch, mng h, gin do li v tr th chnh, spchng thch hp trn mt bng xy.Nu xy trn tng cao th vt liu c chuyn ln bng puli.2. Trnh t v cc yu cu k thut khi xy:- Xy t di ln trn, tng chnh xy trc, tng ph xy sau, xung

quanh xy trc, trong xy sau.- Nu gch kh phi ti nc m bo gch khng ht nc ca va tolin kt tt khi xy.- B mt tip gip khi xy phi c trt mt lp h du to lin ktgia gch v b mt tip gip nh dm, ct.- m bo cho tng thng v phng th trong qu trnh xy phi gingdy nh v thng xuyn th qu di.- Mch va dao ng t 8 12mm, mch va phi nm ngang phi dy hnmch va dc, bo m mch no va. iu chnh tng va pha va thpnu tng khng ngang phng.

- C hai cch xy l 3 dc 1 ngang hay 5 dc 1 ngang.- Ch v tr tip gip gia tng v dm th phi xy xin, xy bng gchinh ng thi cc l trng phi mit h k nhm trnh trng hp nt mptip gip ca tng vi d .- v tr tip gip ca tng vi mt trn ca cng c x l mt lp hdu khong 1cm v xy khong 03 hng gch inh chng nt.- Khi xy ch cha nhng l trng trn tng lp dng ca, lam gi,ng in, ng ncsau ny.- Sau khi khi xy va xong th hn ch cc lc va chm khi xy t


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cng t t.- Nu xy tip ln tng c th cn phi v sinh ti nc tng c trc khixy tip.3. T chc lm vic:- m bo cht lng vt liu nh xi mng, ct, , gch khi a ncng trnh c kim tra nghim thu ngay xem c yu cu ra hay cha

(xi mng, gch, ng loi ng mc), nu cha thp hi thay i ngay. Vsau khi khi xy hon chnh cng phi kim tra nghim thu ln na chon khi cng trnh hon tt. Cng vic ny do ch huy trng phi hp vinhng k s khc trn cng trng m trch. Hn hp va phi c phatrn ng tiu chun c kim tra cht bng cch ly mu th nghim ngayti cng trng sau khi pha trn xong v do, st, ng u cava xy.- Cc t i thc hin cng tc xy c th l ca cng ty hoc ngoi c tnhchuyn nghip c t chc lm vic xy chuyn. Mi t xy ng u lmt trng nhm, iu hnh cc thnh vin khc trong t xy, chu trchnhim v khu vc mnh xy. T trng xy phi xc nh s b s lngcng nhn mnh c sn tm ra binphp phn t phn on hp l, khi lng trong cc phn t phn onphi xp x bng nhau trnh gy bin ng v nhn lc v m bo choxy khng b gin on na chng.- Ngi th tuyt i phi chp hnh cc bin php an ton lao ng khi xy,nht l khi ng trn gin do, lm vic trn cao phi c hnh lang bo v,i vi cc tng ngoi th phi c li bao che phng vt ri xung di.- T chc mt bng thi cng phi tin li ph hp gm 03 khu: khu vc thaotc xy, khu vc cha vt liu v khu vc chuyn tip vt liu. Ba khu vcny khng tch ri vi nhau c. c bit l khi lm vic trn gin do th

gin do phi vng, sn cng tc phi chc chn cha vt liu v thao tcxy.- Thng thng cho cng vic xy c lin tc th c 01 th chnh th c01th ph, nu kt cu phc tp, khi lng nhiu th s ngi phi ln hn.Gch va c chuyn ln tng bng puli; va c trn bng my hoc thcng c th trn di t ri chuyn ln hoc chuyn xi mng ln tngang xy ri trn trn . Cn tin hnh trn kh trc ri sau trn tsau. Th ph phi cung cp vt liu ch oth chnh xy mt cch y nhmtrnh gin on trong thi cng gy lng ph, hiu sut km.

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