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tIc-f-k¿°m¿
hnZym- ym-k-h-Ip∏v
Xbm-dm-°n-bXv
kwÿm\ hnZym- ymk Kth-jW ]cn-io-e\ kanXn (SCERT), tIcfw
2010
IX
aebmfw
Ãm≥tU¿Uv
tIcf]mTm-hen
tZio-b-Km\w
P\-K-W-a-\- -A-[n-\m-bI Pbtl
`mc-X -`m-Ky-hn-[mXm,
]©m-_-kn‘p KpP-dmØ admTm
ZmhnU DXv°-e- _w-Km,
hn‘y-ln-am-N-e -b-ap\mKwKm,
D—e Pe-[nX-cwKm,
Xh-ip-`-\mta PmtK,
Xh-ip` Bin-j -am-tK,
Kmtl Xh- P-b- KmYm
P\-K-W-aw-K-e-Zm-bI Pbtl
`mc-X- `m-Ky-hn-[mXm.
Pb-tl, Pb-tl, Pb-tl,
Pb Pb Pb Pbtl!
]Xn⁄
C¥y Fs‚ cmPy-am-Wv. F√m C¥y-°mcpw Fs‚ ktlm-Z-co-
ktlmZc-∑m-cm-Wv.
Rm≥ Fs‚ cmPysØ kvt\ln -°p∂p; kºq¿Whpw
sshhn -[y -]q¿W-hp -amb AXns‚ ]mc-º-cy -Øn¬ Rm≥
A`n-am\w sIm≈p∂p.
Rm≥ Fs‚ amXm-]n-Xm-°-sfbpw Kpcp-°-∑m-scbpw apXn¿∂-
hscbpw _lp-am-\n-°pw.
Rm≥ Fs‚ cmPy-Øn-s‚bpw Fs‚ \m´p-Im-cp-sSbpw t£a-Øn\pw
sFiz-cy-Øn-\pw- th≠n ]bXv\n°pw.
Prepared by :State Council of Educational Research and Training (SCERT)Poojappura, Thiruvananthapuram - 12, KeralaWebsite www.scertkerala.gov.ine-mail [email protected] : 0471 - 2341883, Fax: 0471 - 2341869First Edition 2010Typesetting : SCERT Computer Lab© Government of Kerala • Department of Education
]nb- hn-Zym¿Yn-I-tf,
am\-h-cm-in-bpsS al-Ømb CuSp-h-bv]mWv `mj.
CW-ßm\pw ]nW-ßm\pw Nn¥n-°m\pw Bhn-jvI-cn-°m\pw `mj thWw.
\ap-s°m∏w `mjbpw hf¿∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p.
kaq-l-Øns‚ hf¿®-bnepw Xf¿®-bnepw `mjbv°v \n¿Wm-b-I-amb ]¶p≠v.
sk°‚dn Xe-Ønse amXr- m-jm-]-T\w ka-K-ambn I≠p-sIm-≠mWv mjm]mT-
]p-kvX-I-߃ cq]-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-≈-Xv. ae-bm-f-`m-jbpw kmln-Xyhpw ASp-Ø-
dn-bm≥ Ch klm-b-I-am-hpw. kz¥w i‡nbpw temI-Øns‚ \∑bpw Xncn-®-
dn-bm\pw kaq-l-Øn\pIqSn D]-Im-c-]-Z-ambn Ahsb ]cn-h¿Øn-∏n-°m\pw
hnZym`ymkw sIm≠p Ign-b-Ww. amXr`mjm-]-T\w kwkvIm-c-Øns‚ Bg-ß-
fn-te°v \sΩ Iq´n-s°m≠pt]mIp-∂p. ]mc-º-cy-Øns‚ thcp-Iƒ Is≠-
Øm\pw Ncn-X-Øn¬ \ΩpsS ÿm\w Xn´-s∏-Sp-Øm\pw AXn-eqsS Ign-bpw.
`mj-bpsS X\nabpw sshhn-[yhpw IrXn-I-fn¬ \n∂p a\- nem°mw. hnhn[
Ime-L-´-ß-fn-eqsS hnI-kn®ph∂ `mj-bp-sSbpw kmln-Xy-Øn-s‚bpw ]cn-
WmaZi-Iƒ AS-bm-f-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ cN-\-Iƒ ]mT-]p-kvX-I-Øn¬ ]cn-N-b-s∏Smw.
]mT-]p-kvX-I-Øn\v A\p-_-‘-ambn \¬In-bn-´p≈ ]Z-]-cn-Nbw i_vZ-X-e-
Ønepw A¿Y-X-e-Øn-epap≈ hymI-cWXØz-߃ Adn-bm≥ klm-b-I-amhpw.
At\z-j-W-ß-fn-eq-sS, N¿®-I-fn-eq-sS, Bhn-jvI-c-W-ß-fn-eqsS ]T\w
A¿YhØm°pI.
kvt\lm-iw-k-I-tfmsS,
s]m^. Fw.-F. -Jm-Z¿
Ub-d-IvS¿
Fkv.-kn.-C.-B¿.Sn.
kwÿm\ hnZym- ymk Kth-jW ]cn-io-e\ kanXn (SCERT)hnZym-`h≥, ]qP-∏p-c, Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw 695 012
]mT-]p-kvXI kanXn
AssUz-k¿ : sI.]n. i¶-c≥, s]m^k¿ (dn´.) doPn-b-W¬ C≥Ãn‰yq´v Hm^v FUyq-t°-j≥
(F≥.-kn.-C.-B¿.-Sn), ssakq¿.
sNb¿am≥ : tUm. Un. _©-an≥, s]m^-k¿ & slUv Hm^v Zn Un∏m¿´vsa‚v (dn´.) tIcf
k¿h-I-em-ime.
]n. \mcm-b-W-ta-t\m≥
s]m^-k¿ (dn´.) tIc-f-h¿a tImtf-Pv, Xr»q¿.
tUm. ]n. kXy-t\-i≥
AknÂv s]m^-k¿ (dn´.) Fkv.-kn.-C.-B¿.Sn.
tUm. sI.-F-kv. chn-Ip-am¿
doU¿, Fw.Pn.-tIm-tf-Pv, Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw.
km_p tIm´p-°¬
eIvN-d¿, Kh¨sa‚v tImtfPv aS-∏≈n.
tUm. AP-b-]pcw tPymXnjvIpam¿
eIvN-d¿, Fw.Pn.-tI-mtf-Pv, Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw.
tUm. ]n.F-kv. ioIe
eIvN-d¿, bqWn-th-gvkn‰n tImtfPv, Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw.
tUm. Fw. _me≥
eIvN-d¿, Ub-‰v, IÆq¿.
]n. t]a-N-µ≥
Kh¨sa‚v tKƒkv lb¿sk-°‚-dn- kvIqƒ, ]ø-∂q¿.
DΩ¿ Sn. sI
SmtKm¿ hnZym-\n-tI-X≥ Kh¨sa‚v lb¿sk-°‚dn
kvIqƒ, Xfn-∏-dºv.
F≥. ss_Pp
Kh¨sa‚v lb¿sk-°‚dn kvIqƒ, \mhm-bn-°pfw.
AwK-߃
$ aZ-\≥, B¿´v FUn-‰¿, amXr-`qan. $ sI. jco^v, B¿´n-Ãv, amXr-`qan. $ tZh-]-Imiv, B¿´n-Ãv,
kwÿm\ _me-km-lnXy C≥Ãn-‰yq´v. $ ]n. cta-i≥, Ccn-ß-∂q¿ lb¿ sk°‚dn kvIqƒ.
NnX-Imc-∑m¿
hnZKv[kanXn
H.F≥.-hn. Ipdp∏v, s]m^-k¿ & slUv Hm^v Zn Un∏m¿´vsa‚v (dn´.), Kh¨sa‚v hna¨kv tImtf-Pv, Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw.
kpµ-cw [\p-h-®-]pcw, ]n≥kn-∏¬ (dn´.) bqWn-th-gvkn‰n tImtf-Pv, Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw.
hn. a[p-kq-Z\≥ \mb¿, s]m^-k¿ (dn´.) sk‚v tkthygvkv tImtf-Pv, Xpº, Xncp-h-\-¥]pcw.
tUm. _n.-hn.- i-in-Ip-am¿, doU¿, bqWn-th-gvkn‰n tImtf-Pv, Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw.
tUm. sI.F.- hm-kp-°p-´≥, s]m^-k¿ (dn´.) Kh¨sa‚v hna¨kv tImtf-Pv, Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw
Pnt\-jvIp-am¿ Fcaw
Kh¨sa‚v lb¿sk-°‚dn kvIqƒ, sIm´ne.
]n. blnb
Kh¨sa‚v shmt°-j-W¬ lb¿sk-°‚dn kvIqƒ,
]øm-\-°¬.
sI.hn. taml-\≥
Kh¨sa‚v tKƒkv lb¿ sk°‚dn kvIqƒ, at©cn.
aS-hq¿ iin
So®¿ (dn´.) Kh¨sa‚v tamU¬ t_mbvkv
lb¿ sk°‚dn kvIqƒ, ssX°m-Sv.
kwKoX sI.sI.-]n.
Kh¨sa‚v lb¿ sk°‚dn kvIqƒ, sNdp-Xp-cpØn.
tUm. tPm_n≥ tPmkv
Kh¨sa‚v shmt°-j-W¬ lb¿ sk°‚dn kvIqƒ,
aqe-a‰w.
]n. _-jo¿
dnk¿®v Hm^o-k¿, Fkv.-kn.-C.-B¿.Sn.
tUm. kn. m-an\n
dnk¿®v Hm^o-k¿, Fkv.-kn.-C.-B¿.Sn.
A°m-Z-anIv tImUnt\‰¿ : tUm. ]n.sI. XneIv, dnk¿®v Hm^o-k¿, Fkv.-kn.-C.-B¿.Sn
1. hkpss[h IpSpw-_Iw ...................................................................... 07ap√-h-ffnbpw am≥In-Smhpw .................................................................................08kqcy-Im¥n...............................................................................................................15"`qan-bpsS Ah-Im-in-Iƒ' hmbn-°p-tºmƒ....................................................18
2. ImW-°msW............................................................................................ 22Atßho´n-te°v ....................................................................................................23Fgp-]-Xp-Im-cpsS tbmKw .....................................................................................25Zi-cYhnem]w .........................................................................................................32Hcp sNdp-]p-©ncn ..................................................................................................35
3. krjvSn-i-‡n-Iƒ R߃................................................................... 42the-°m-ct\m bP-am-\t\m? ..............................................................................43tamtU¨ ssSwkv B[p-\nIIme-Øns‚ D¬°WvT-Iƒ ..................49Is√-dn-bp-∂-h¿ .......................................................................................................54
4. `b-Iu-Sn-ey-tem- -߃ hf¿°n-s√mcp\mSns\ ........................... 59B[p-\nItIcfØns‚ Ncn-X-Øn¬ kztZ-im- n-am-\n-bpsS ÿm\w..60]pXnb BImiw ]g-b -`qan ...............................................................................66
5. ]]-©-an-s∂mcp Xd-hm-Sm-bn, hc-ºp-Iƒ ImWm-Xm-bn... ....... 72Xpº-∏qhv ...................................................................................................................73kl-]m-Tn-Iƒ...........................................................................................................75Agn-I-fn-√mØ BImiw .....................................................................................77ÿehpw Imehpw NnX-I-e-bn¬ ....................................................................83
6. A°-c-∏® tXSn ...................................................................................... 87sNdn-b -a\p-jycpw henb tem-Ihpw ..............................................................88aSpØ Ifn ...............................................................................................................92tamjvSn-s®-SpØ Hcp cmXn ................................................................................98Im´n-te°p t]mIt√, Ipt™....................................................................... 100
t]Pv
`mKw IV I
auenI I¿Ø-hy-߃
51 I. auenI I¿Ø-hy-߃ ˛ Xmsg-∏-d-bp-∂h `mc-X-Ønse Hmtcm
]uc-s‚bpw I¿Øhyw Bbn-cn-°p-∂-XmWv ˛
(I) `c-W-L-S-\sb A\p-k-cn-°p-Ibpw AXns‚ BZ¿i-ß-sfbpw ÿm]-\-ß-
sfbpw tZiob]Xm-I-sbbpw tZiobKm\-sØbpw BZ-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøpI;
(J) kzmX-¥y-Øn-\p-th-≠n-bp≈ \ΩpsS tZiobka-c-Øn\v ]tNm-Z\w \¬Inb
al-\o-bm-Z¿i-ßsf ]cn-t]m-jn-∏n-°p-Ibpw ]n≥Xp-S-cp-Ibpw sNøpI;
(K) `mc-X-Øns‚ ]c-am-[n-Im-chpw sFIyhpw AJ-fi-Xbpw \ne-\n¿Øp-Ibpw
kwc-£n-°p-Ibpw sNøpI;
(L) cmPysØ ImØp-kq-£n-°p-Ibpw tZiob tkh\w A\p-jvTn-°p-hm≥ Bhiy-
s∏-Sp-tºmƒ A\p-jvTn-°p-Ibpw sNøpI;
(M) aX-]-chpw `mjm-]-chpw ]mtZ-in-Ihpw hn`m-Ko-b-hp-amb sshhn-[y-߃°Xo-
X-ambn `mc-X-Ønse F√m P\-߃°p-an-S-bn¬, kulm¿Zhpw s]mXp-hmb
kmtlm-Z-cy-a-t\m-`m-hhpw ]pe¿Øp-I. kvXoI-fpsS A¥- n\v Ipdhp hcp-
Øp∂ BNm-c-߃ ]cn-Xy-Pn-°pI;
(N) \ΩpsS kΩnikwkvIm-c-Øns‚ kº-∂-amb ]mc-º-cysØ hne-a-Xn-°p-
Ibpw \ne-\n-dp-Øp-Ibpw sNøpI;
(O) h\-ßfpw XSm-I-ßfpw \Zn-Ifpw h\yPo-hn-Ifpw Dƒs∏-Sp∂ ]IrXym D≈
]cn-ÿnXn kwc-£n-°p-Ibpw A`n-hr-≤n-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw Pohn-I-tfmSv ImcpWyw
ImWn-°p-Ibpw sNøpI;
(P) imkvXo -b -amb Img vN -∏mSpw am\-hn -I -Xbpw, At\z -j-W-Øn\pw
]cnjvIcWØn\pw D≈ at\m-`m-hhpw hnI-kn-∏n-°pI;
(Q) s]mXp-kzØv ]cn-c-£n-°p-Ibpw i]Yw sNbvXv AIaw Dt]-£n-°p-Ibpw
sNøpI;
(R) cmjvSw bXv\-Øn-s‚bpw e£y-]m-]vXn-bp-sSbpw D∂-X-X-e-ß-fn-te°v
\nc¥cw Db-c-Ø-°-hÆw hy‡n-]-chpw Iq´m-b-Xp-amb ]h¿Ø-\-Øns‚
F√m afi-e-ß-fnepw D¬Ir-jvS-X-bv°p-th≠n A[zm-\n-°p-I.
(S) Bdn\pw ]Xn-\m-en\pw CSbv°v ]mb-ap≈ Xs‚ Ip´nt°m c£y-_m-e-I-t\m,
AXXp kwKXn t]mse, amXm-]n-Xm-°tfm c£-I¿Ømthm hnZym-`ym-k-Øn-
\p≈ Ah-k-c-߃ G¿s∏-Sp-Øp-I.
`qan-Ko-X-߃
`qanbo- \-Ω-fn-te-s°m-Xp-ßp-∂pthm?
\man∂p `qan-tbmfw hep-Xm-Itbm?
kqcy-s\-°m-Wm-[p-h-߃ X≥ ssiXy-hpw
kqcy≥ ]pWsc±ln-°p∂ "kw⁄'* t]m¬
\odpw acp-`q-an-X≥ sImSpw-Xm-]-hpw
\ocm-gn-X≥ \ne-bv°mtØm-c-im-¥nbpw
ambpw ac-X-I-∏-®-Iƒ I≠pt]mw
]mhw \Zn-bpsS ]m´n-∂n-S¿®-bpw
GtXm hnj-°\n `£n-®p -sIm-°nse
\mZw hc-≠pt]mw ]£n-X≥ ssZ\yhpw
Dƒ°-\n-hn≥ D∏-en-t™m-cp-d-h-I˛
sfms°bpw h‰nb aÆns‚ Zmlhpw
\mta‰p hmß-th, \Ωp-sS-bm-flm-hn¬
`qan \nd-bp∂p; \mw `qan-bm-hp∂p!
* kqcy-]Xv\n
H.F≥.-hn. Ipdp∏v
$ \ap°v `qan-tbmfw hep-Xm-Im≥ Ign-bp-∂Xv Ft∏m-gmWv?
a\pjys‚ GsXms° ]hr-Øn-I-fmWv AXn-te°v \bn-
°p∂Xv?
1
tIc-f-]m-Tm-hen ae-bmfw IX
8
ap√-h-ffnbpw am≥In-Smhpw
A`n-⁄m-\-im-Ip-¥fw ˛ \mem-a¶w : Imfn-Zm-k≥
(]cn-`mj : F.B¿.- cm-P-cm-P-h¿a)
]nbw-hZ : (]th-in-®n´v kt¥m-j-tØmSpIqSn) kJo, hcq! hcq! thK-am-I-s´, iIp-
¥-fsb `¿Ør-Kr-l-Øn-te°v bmX Ab-bv°m≥ t]mImw.
A\-kqb : G! CsX-ßs\?
]nbw-hZ : tI´psIm≈q! Rm≥ Ct∏mƒ kpJ-i-b\w tNmZn-°m≥ iIp-¥-f-bpsS
ASp-°¬ t]mbn-cp-∂p.
A\-kqb : F∂nt´m?
]nbw-hZ : At∏mƒ e÷n®p Xe-Xm-gvØn-\n-∂n-cp-∂ -A-hsf XmX-Im-iy-]≥ kzbw
Benw-K\w sNbvXv Cßs\ A`n-\-µn®p: ""]pI-sIm≠p IÆp-a-d-™n-cp-
∂p-sh-¶nepw tlmXmhv tlman-®Xv `mKy-h-im¬ A·n-bn¬Øs∂
]Xn®p. Ipt™, \√ injy\p sImSpØ hnZy-sb-∏‰n F∂t]mse
\ns∂-∏‰n C\n F\n°p hnNm-c-s∏-Sm-\n-√. C∂p-Xs∂ \ns∂ Ejn-
Isf°q´n `¿Ør-Kr-l-Øn-e-b-t®°mw'' F∂v.
A\-kqb : h¿Ø-am\w F√mw A—-t\m-Sm-cmWv ]d-™Xv?
]nbw-hZ : A·n-tlm-X-Kr-l-Øn¬ ]th-in®t∏mƒ, t«mI-cq-]-amb Hc-i-cocn
hm°m-Wv.
A\-kqb : (B›-cy-tØm-sS) F¥m-WXv! ]d-bq.
IWzs‚ hf¿Øp-a-I-fmb iIp-¥f icn°pw ]Ir-Xn-bpsS ]pXn F∂ \nebv°v Bi-a-
Øn¬ ]pe-¿-∂p-t]m-∂p. AhnsS tXmgn-am-cmb A\-kq-bm -]-nbw-h-Z-am¿°p ]pdsa Xt]m-
h-\-hr-£-߃, h\-tPym’v\ F∂ ap√, Zo¿Lm-]mw-K≥ F∂ am≥- -F-√m-h-cp-ap-≠v; _‘p-
°fpw c£-I-cp-ambn H∂ptN¿∂ efn-X-Po-hn-Xw.
iIp-¥-f-bpsS GtXm Ime-tZmjw ]cn-l-cn-°m-\mbn IW-z≥ Biaw hn´ kµ¿`w. cmPm-
hmb Zpjvj¥≥ h\-Øn-se-Øn-bXp \mbm- n\v. kwK-Xn-h-im¬ Bi-a-Øn-se-Ønb At±-
l-Øn\v ]Y-a-Zr-jvSn-bnte iIp-¥-f-bn¬ A\p-cm-K-ap-Zn-®p; iIp-¥-fbv°p Xncn-®pw. iIp-
¥-fsb Km‘¿h-hn[n]Imcw ]cn-Wbn-°m≥, IWzs‚ Akm-∂n-[y-Ønepw At±-l-Øn\p
i¶-bp-≠m-bn√. aq∂p Znh-k-Øn-\Iw Ahsf Iq´n-s°m-≠p-t]m-Im≥ G¿∏m-Sm°mw F∂
hmKvZm-\-tØmsS At±lw sIm´m-c-Øn-te°p aS-ßn.
hmKvZm\w ]men-°-s∏-´n√; iIp-¥-f-bm-sW-¶n-tem, K¿`n-Wn. XmX-I-Wz≥ Fßs\ ]Xn-
I-cn-°p-sa∂v D¬°-WvT. F√m-‰n\pw D]-im-¥n-b-cp-fn-s°m≠v IWz≥ hnhcw Ai-cocn
hgn Adn-bm≥ CS-bm-bn. XpS¿∂v aIsf KuX-an-bp-sSbpw ap\n-Ip-am-c≥am-cp-sSbpw AI-º-
Sn-tbmsS sIm´m-c-Øn-te°v Ab-bv°m-\p≈ Hcp-°w. Aß-s\, temI-km-ln-Xy-Øn¬
Øs∂ A]q¿hw F∂p hnNm-cn-°m-hp∂ Hcp hnS-hm-߬ cwKw.
hkp-ss[h IpSpw-_Iw
9
]nbw-hZ : A¥¿±p-jvj¥hocy-sØ˛
tb¥p∂q \ns‚ ]pXn-bmƒ
l¥! `qan°p `qXn-°mbv;
sN¥o-sb-»-an-sb∂t]m¬. 4
A\-kqb : (]nbw-h-Zsb Benw-K\w sNbvXn-´v) kJo, hf-sc k-t¥m-jw. F∂m¬
iIp-¥-fsb C∂p-Xs∂ Ab-bv°p-∂t√m F∂ IpWvTn-X-hp-ap-≠v.
]nbw-hZ : kJo, \ap°p IpWvTnXw Fß-s\bpw t]m°mw. B ]mh-Øn\p kpJ-
t°-sSm-gn-b-s´.
A\-kqb : F∂m¬, Cu ams¶m-ºn¬ Xq°n-bn-cn-°p∂ Nnc-´-°p-Sp-°-bn¬, Rm≥
CXn-te-°pth≠nØ-s∂ Iptd-°m-e-tØ°p \n¬°p-∂-Xm-Wt√m F∂p
IcpXn kq£n-®n-´p≈ Ce-™n-amesbSpØv ssIbn¬ h®p-sIm≈q.
Rm≥ t]mbn tKmtcm-N-\, Xo¿Y-Ønse aÆv, Idp-I-\mºv CsX√mw
tN¿Øp awK-f-°p-dn-°q-´p-≠m-°mw.
]nbw-hZ : Aßs\ BI-s´.
(A\-kqb t]mbn. ]nbw-hZ IpSp-°-bn¬\n∂v ame FSp-°p-∂p).
(AWn-b-d-bn¬)
KuX-ao, iIp-¥-fsb Iq´n-s°m-≠p-t]m-Ip-∂-Xn\v im¿MvK-c-h≥
apX¬t]tcmSv Hcp-ßn-s°m-≈m≥ ]d-bq.
]nbw-hZ : (sNhn-tbm¿Øn- v) A\-kq-tb, thK-Øn-em-I-s´; lkvXn-\-]p-c-tØbv°p
t]mIm-\p≈ Ejn-Isf CXm, hnfn-°p-∂p.
A\-kqb : (Ipdn-°q-t´mSpIqSn ]th-in-®n-´v) kJo, hcq, t]mImw.
(Np‰n \S-°p-∂p)
]nbw-hZ : (t\m°n-bn-´v) CXm, kqtcym-Z-b-Øn¬Øs∂ apßn-°pfn Ign-™n-cn-
°p∂ iIp-¥-fsb Xm]-kn-am¿ Xe-bn¬ Acn-bn´v A\p-K-ln-°p-∂p.
Atßm-´p-sN√mw (ASpØp sN√p-∂p).
(A\-¥cw ap≥sNm∂ a´n¬ ]oT-Øn¬ Ccp∂psIm≠v iIp-¥-fbpw A\p-K-ln®psIm≠v
Xm]-kn-amcpw ]th-in-°p-∂p).
Xm]-kn-am-cn¬ HcpØn : Ipt™, \n\°v ¿Øm-hns‚ _lp-am\w kqNn-∏n-°p∂ ]´-a-ln-
jo-ÿm\w e`n-°-s´!
]ns∂ HcpØn : Ip´o, \n\°p hoc-\mb ]pX≥ P\n-°-s´!
thsdm-cpØn : ss]X-te, `¿Ømhp \ns∂ BZ-cn-°-s´!
(Bio¿hmZw sNbvXn´v KuX-an-sbm-gn-sI-bp≈ Xm]-kn-am¿ t]mbn).
kJn-am¿ : (ASpØpsN∂v) tXmgo, \n\°p awKfw `hn-°s´!
iIp-¥f : \n߃°p kzmK-Xw. CXm, ChnsS Ccn°n≥.
kJn-am¿ : (awK-tfm-]-I-c-W-߃ FSp-Øp-sIm-≠n-cp-∂n-´v) kJo, R߃ \ns∂
Ipdn-bn-Sp-hn-°-s´, icn-bm-bn-cn°q!
iIp-¥f : CXp ]Xn-hp-≈-Xm-sW-¶nepw Ct∏mƒ _lp-am-\n-t°-≠Xm-bn-cn-°p-∂p.
kJn-am¿ Fs∂ Na-bn-°pI F∂Xv C\n Zp¿√-`-am-Wt√m. (IÆp\o¿
XqIp∂p).
tIc-f-]m-Tm-hen ae-bmfw IX
10
kJn-am¿ : tXmgo, ip`m-h-k-c-Øn¬ Ic-bp-∂Xp icn-b-√. (IÆp-\ocp XpS-®n´v
Nabn°p-∂p).
]nbw-hZ : B`-c-W-߃ AWn-tb-≠p∂ ico-c-Øn\v Bi-a-Ønse Ae-¶m-c-
km[\-߃ Hcp Ah-am\\bm-Wv.
ap\n-Ip-am-c∑m¿ : (B -c-W-ßsfSp-Øp-sIm≠v ]th-in-®n v) CXm, B -c-W-߃, Bcysb
Na-bn-°mw.
(F√m-hcpw t\m°n hnkva-bn-°p-∂p.)
KuXan : h’ \mcZ, CsX√mw FhnsS\n∂m-Wv?
H∂m-a≥ : XmX-Im-iy-]s‚ ]`m-hw-sIm-≠p-≠m-b-Xm-Wv.
KuXan : k¶-ev]i-‡n-sIm≠p krjvSn-®-XmtWm?
c≠m-a≥ : A√, tI´mepw! iIp-¥-fbv°pth≠n hr£-ß-fn¬ sN∂v
]q]-dn°m≥ XmX-Im-iy-]≥ Rß-tfm-Sm-⁄m-]n-®p. R߃ sN∂
DSs\,
Np‰m-\p-≈p-S-bm-S-sbm-s∂m-cp -acw
X∂q iim-t¶m-÷z-ew
as‰m-∂-s∏m-gp-Xn¬s®m-cn™p Nc-W˛
s®©mdp Nm¿Øo-Sp-hm≥; 5
injvSw hr£-K-W-߃ \¬Øfncpt]m¬
imJmKZrjvS-ßfmw
Im´n≥ tZh-X-am¿ Ic-߃h-gn-bm˛
b¿∏n®p `qjm-KWw.
]nbw-hZ : (iIp-¥-fsb t\m°n-bn´v) h\-tZ-h-X-am-cpsS Cu A\p-Klw \n\°p
`¿Ør-Kr-l-Øn¬ A\p-`-hn-°m-\n-cn-°p∂ cmP-e-£v-an-bpsS Hcp kqN-
\-bm-Wv.
(iIp-¥f e÷n-°p-∂p).
H∂m-a≥ : KuX-am, hcq! hcq! XmX-Im-iy-]≥ Ipfn-I-gn™p h∂m-ep-S≥ hr£-
߃ D]-Imcw sNbvX hnhcw sN∂p ]d-bmw.
c≠m-a≥ : Aßs\ Xs∂.
(c≠pt]cpw t]mbn).
kJn-am¿ : Cubp -≈-h¿ B`c-W-߃sIm≠p
ssIImcyw sNbvXn-´n -√. NnX-Øn¬
I≠n-´p≈ ]cnNbwsIm≠p \ns∂
AWn-bn-°p-∂-XmtW! (kJn-am¿ Na-bn-
°p∂p)
iIp-¥f : \nß-fpsS kma¿Yyw F\n-°-dn-bmw.
(A\-¥cw Ipfn-I-gn™v Imiy-]≥ ]th-
in-°p-∂p).
hkp-ss[h IpSpw-_Iw
11
Imiy-]≥ : t]mIp-∂p-≠n-Xp-\mƒ iIp-¥-f -]n-cn˛
s™t∂m¿Øp lrØp-’pIw,
XqIm™-ip -K-tfm-Zcw Iep-jnXw;
`mhw PUw Nn¥-bm¬;
Im´n¬∏m¿°p-sa-\n-°p-an-X -I-Tn\w
kvt\tlm-ZnXw IpWvTn-Xw;
\m´n¬s∏´ Krl-ÿ-s\-X-bp-fhmw
]pXo-hn-tbm-K-hyY! 6
(Np‰n\S-°p-∂p)
kJn-am¿ : kJn iIp-¥tf! R߃ AWn-bn-®p-Ign-™p. C\n Cu sh¨]´p c≠pw
[cn-°-Ww.
(iIp-¥f Fgp-t∂‰p amdn-\n∂v hkvXw [cn-°p-∂p).
KuXan : Ipt™, CXm B\µw ]h-ln-°p∂ IÆp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ \ns∂
BenwK\w sNbvXp-sIm≠v A—≥ h∂n-cn-°p-∂p. sN∂p hµn-°q.
iIp-¥f : (e÷-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn) A—m, Rm\nXm hµn-°p-∂p.
Imiy-]≥ : kΩ-X-bmI ]Xn-°mbv
i¿anjvT bbm-Xn-`q-]-s\-∂-hn[w;
]pX-\p-fhmw \n\°pw
]qcp-h-hƒs°-∂-t]mse kam-´mbv. 7
]nbw-hZ : `K-hm-t\, CsXm-cm-in- -√, hcwXs∂-bm-Wv.
Imiy-]≥ : Ipt™, CXm Ctßm-´p-h∂v Ct∏mƒØs∂ tlmaw -I-gn-™n-cn-°p∂
A·n-Isf ]Z-£nWw sNøq.
(F√m-hcpw Np‰n-\-S-°p-∂p).
kan-t؉pw Z¿`]q≠pw Npg∂o
tlma-ÿm\w ]ps°gpw ]mh-I-∑m¿
lhn¿§‘w-sIm≠p ]m]-߃ t]m°n˛
∏hn-Xio \n¶-e¿∏n-®nSs´. 8
C\n ]pd-s∏Smw. (Np‰n-t\m-°o-´v) im¿MvK-c-h≥ apX¬t]¿ FhnsS?
injy-∑m¿ : (]th-in-®n-´v) `K-h≥, R߃ CXm, Xbm-dm-bn.
Imiy-]≥ : im¿MvK-c-h, \ns‚ A\p-P-Øn°p hgn Im´q!
im¿MvK-c-h≥ : CXm, Cßs\ hcmw.
(F√m-hcpw Np‰n \S-°p-∂p).
Imiy-]≥ : At√, h\-tZ-h-X-am-cpsS A[n-hmkw D≈ Xt]m-h-\-hr-£-ßtf!
Xmt\ -sXm≠ \\-bv°-bn-s√-hƒ \\˛
®oSmsXbo \nß-sf-˛
Ømhpw IuXp-I-sa-¶nepw Icp-W-bm¬
s]m´n-®nSm ]√hw;
]qcn-°p-∂n-sX-hƒ°p \n߃ ]pXp-Xmbv
]q°p∂ \mfp-’hw;
tIc-f-]m-Tm-hen ae-bmfw IX
12
]qIp-∂q -]-Xn-tK-l-am-b-h-fnXm!
\¬Io-Sp-hn≥ kΩXw! 9
(Ipbn¬\mZw tI´-Xmbn `mhn-®n-´v)
AS-hn-bn-sem-cp-an-®p -hmWp kJyw
XS-hn-\ -hr-£-Ipew iIp-¥-fbv°v
kv^pS-a-\p-a-Xn- \-¬In-Sp∂p t]mIm≥
]Sp-X-c- tIm-IneIqPn-X-ß-fmse. 10
(BIm-i-Øn¬ Ai-cocnhm°v)
tN¿∂o-S-s´-bn-S-bv-°n-Sbv°p kc-ko˛
Pmew k]-t¶-cplw,
Nmte tNme-a-c-߃ Xnßn ad-hm¿˛
∂oSs´ kqcym-X]w;
sN¥m¿∏qsºm-Sn-t]mse ]qgn- ar-Zp-hmbv˛
Øocs´ am¿K-ß-fn¬;
k‘n-°-s´-bn-hƒ°p bmX -ip-`-ambv
hmXm-\p-Iq-ey-sØmtS. 11
(F√m-hcpw tI´p hnkva-bn-°p-∂p).
KuXan : Ipt™, ⁄mXn-I-sf-t∏m-se-Øs∂ \nt∂mSp kvt\l-ap≈ h\-tZhX-
am¿ bmXm-h-k-c-Øn¬ \ns∂ A\p-K-ln-°p-∂p. K-h-Xn-amsc hµn°q!
iIp-¥f : (hµn®p Np‰n\S-∂n´p kzIm-cy-am-bn) kJn ]nbw-h-tZ, F\n-°m-cy-
]pXs\ ImWm-\p≈ IuXpIw hf-sc-bp-s≠-¶nepw Biaw hn´p-t]m-
Ip-∂-Xn\v HcSn-t]mepw apt∂m-´p-\o-ßp-∂n-√.
]nbw-hZ : hn´p-]n-cn-bp-∂-Xn¬ \n\-°p- am-X-a√ a\-kvXm-]w; \nt∂mSp ]ncn-bm≥
t]mIp∂ Xt]m-h-\-Øn-t‚bpw Ahÿ t\m°q!
tabp∂ ]p√pw adn-am≥ ad∂q,
sNøp∂ \rØw abnepw \ndpØo;
]mbp∂ IÆo¿°-W-sa-∂-t]mse
s]øp-∂ntX sh≈ne h≈n-tXmdpw. 12
iIp-¥f : (Hm¿an-®n´v) A—m, Rm≥ Fs‚ eXm`Kn\nbmb h\-tPym-’v\-tbmSv
bmX tNmZn-°-s´.
Imiy-]≥ : Cu eX-tbmSv \n\°p ktlm-Zckvt\l-ap-s≠∂v F\n-°-dnbmw. CXm
AXp he-Xp-h-i-Øp- \n¬°p-∂p.
iIp-¥f : (sN∂v ap√-h-≈nsb Benw-K\w sNbvXn- v) h\-tPym-’v-t\, \o tX∑mhp-
ambnt®¿∂n-cn-°p-I-bm-sW-¶nepw Benw-K-\w- sN-øp∂ F\n°v Ctßm´p-
h-∂n-´p≈ sNdp-X-e-ss°-Iƒ sIm≠v ]Xym-enw-K\w XctW!
C∂papX¬ Rm≥ \ns∂-∏n-cn™v Zqc-tZ-iØp hkn-°m≥ mhn°-bmWv.
Imiy-]≥ : ]m]n-®p \o kZr-i-\mbn \n\-°p- apt∂
Iev]n-®n-cp-∂ -]-Xn-sb z-Kp-W-ß-fmte;
NqX-sØm-sSmØp \h-am-en-I-bpw- hn-fßo;
Nn¥n-®p-\n-ß-sf-sb-\n-°n-\n-bm-[n- th≠m.
CXm, Ctßm´p t\¿h-gn-°p- hcq! 13
hkp-ss[h IpSpw-_Iw
13
iIp-¥f : (kJn-am-tcm-Sv) h\-tPym-’v-\sb Rm≥ \nß-fpsS ssIbn¬ G¬∏n-®n-
cn-°p-∂p.
kJn-am¿ : Rßsf \o BcpsS ssIbn-emWv G¬∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv (IÆp-\o¿
XqIp∂p).
Imiy-]≥ : A\-kqtb, Ic-b-cpXv; \n߃ thW-at√m iIp-¥-fsb Biz-kn-∏n°m≥.
(F√m-t]cpw Np‰n-\-S-°p-∂p).
iIp-¥f : (t\m°n-bn -´ v) A—m,
CXm K¿`n -Wn -bmb
am≥t]S Bi-a-Øn-\-
SpØp Xs∂ hen-™n-
g™p \S-°p-∂p. Chƒ
kpJ-ambn ]k-hn-®m¬
B kt¥m-j-h¿Ø-
am\w Fs‚ ASp-°¬
]d-™-b-bv°tW!
Imiy-]≥ : AXp Rm≥ ad-°p-I-
bn√.
iIp-¥f : (Ft¥m Imen¬ XS-
™-Xm-bn- `m-hn-®n-´v)
sNSn-I-fn¬ DS-°n-b-Xp-
t]mse Fs‚ ]pSh
XS -bp -∂ -sX -¥m -Wv?
(Xncn-™p-t\m-°p-∂p)
Imiy-]≥ : ]≠p- \o-≠- Ip-i-kq-Nn -sIm-s≠m-cp- ar-Kw -apJØn¬ apdn-th-‰-Xm-bv˛
°≠p \o hW-hn-tcm-]-W-Øn-\p-S-t\m-S-se-Æ -X-S-ho-etbm!
tN¿Øp- ap-jvSn-bn-se-SpØp Nma-bcn \¬Inb≥s]mSp hf¿sØm-cm˛
±Øp-]p-X-\-h-\m-sWtSm hgn-hn-SmsXI≠p- Xp-S-cp-∂Xv. 14
iIp-¥f : h’, Iq´p-hn-´p-t]m-Ip∂ Fs∂ \o F¥n\p ]n¥p-S-cp∂p? ]k-hn®
DSs\ X≈ acn-®p-t]m-bn´p \ns∂ Rm≥ hf¿Øn-hn-´p. Rm≥ t]mbn-
°-gn-™m¬ A—≥ \ns∂ At\z-jn®psIm≈pw. Ct∏mƒ \n¬°q.
(Ic™p-sIm≠p \S-°p-∂p)
ae-bmf-im-Ip-¥fw
$ ""]m]n-®p \o kZr-i-\mbn \n\-°p- apt∂
Iev]n-®n-cp∂ ]Xnsb kzKp-W-ß-fmte;
NqX-sØm-sSmØp \h-am-en-Ibpw hnfßo;
Nn¥n®p \nß-sf-sb-\n-°n-\n-bm[n th≠''
iIp-¥-f-tbmSpw \h-am-en-I-tbmSpw IWz≥ ]pe¿Øp∂ ka- m-h\ \ap°p \¬Ip∂
ktµ-i-sa¥v? hni-I-e\w sNøp-I.
tIc-f-]m-Tm-hen ae-bmfw IX
14
$ kmay-I-ev]-\-sIm≠v kµ¿`-Øn\v Bi-b-]-c-amb Kmw`ocyhpw Imhy-`w-Knbpw
\¬Ip∂ -`m-K-߃ ]mT-Ønep-≠-t√m.
DZm: ""A¥¿±pjvj¥-ho-cy-sØ˛
tb¥p∂q \ns‚ ]pXn-bmƒ
l¥! `qan°p `qXn-°mbv;
sN¥o-sb-»-an-sb-∂-t]m¬''
kam-\-amb kµ¿`-߃ Is≠Øn Ah-bpsS khn-ti-jX ]-cntim[n-°pI.
$ ""tabp∂ ]p√pw adn-am≥ ad∂q,
sNøp∂ \rØw abnepw \ndpØo;
]mbp∂ IÆo¿°-W-sa-∂-t]mse
s]øp-∂ntX sh≈ne h≈n-tXmdpw.''
iIp-¥f Bi-a-Øn¬\n∂v bmX-bm-Ip-tºmƒ ]Ir-Xn-°p-≠mb `mh-am-‰-ß-fmWv
Cu hcn-I-fn-ep-≈-Xv.
aZ-\s\ ImWmsX h\m-¥-c-Øn¬ Ae™v Zb-\o-b-ambn hne-]n-°p∂ eoebv°p
Np‰pap≈ ]Ir-Xnsb Ipam-c\mim≥ NnXo-I-cn-°p-∂Xp t\m°q:
""NSp-ee-X-I-fm-Sn-SmsX Nm™m˛
hnS-]n-Iƒ tae-\p-aq¿—bm¿∂p-\n-∂p.
AS-hn-b-[nIau-\-am¿∂p tafw
QSnXn \ndp-Ønb cwK-`q-an-t]mse''
c≠p Imhy-k-µ¿`-ßfpw Xmc-Xayw sNøp-I.
$ ""Np‰m-\p-≈-pSbm-S-sbm-s∂mcp acw
X∂q iim-t¶m-÷zew
as‰m-∂-s∏m-gp-Xn¬s®m-cn™p Nc-W˛
s®©mdp Nm¿Øo-Sp-hm≥;
injvSw hr£-K-W-߃ \¬Ø-fn-cp-t]m¬
imJm-K-Zr-jvS-ßfmw
Im´n≥ tZh-X-am¿ Ic߃hgn-bm˛
b¿∏n®p `qjm-KWw.''
]IrXn°p a\p-jy-t\mSp≈ kvt\l-Øn-s‚bpw HuZm-cy-Øn-s‚bpw ZrjvSm-¥-
amWt√m CXv. F-¶n¬, ]Ir-Xn-tbmSpw kl-Po-hn-I-tfmSpw \mw ]pe¿tØ≠
at\m`mh-sa-¥mWv?
$ ""temIta Xd-hmSv X\n°os®Sn-Ifpw
]p¬Ifpw ]pgp-°fpw IqSn-Ø≥ IpSpw-_-°m¿''
(h≈-tØmƒ)
""i¿°-c-am-hn¬∏t≠ IqSp-Iq-´nb Infn;
apt°m-Sn¬°-Wn-h-bv°paº-e-∏n-dm-hp-Iƒ;
ImSp-sI-´nb hgntbmcØp \n∂m-sctbm
ImØp \n¬°p-ao-°m-inØpº-Iƒ ap°p-‰n-Iƒ
acn-®m¬∏p-e-bp≈ Nm¿®-°m-cn-h¿; ...''
(]n. Ip™n-cm-a≥\m-b¿)
Cu ]Zy- m-Kß-fnse Bi-bw "`qan-bpsS Ah-Im-in-Iƒ,' "ap√-h-≈nbpw am≥In-Smhpw'
F∂o ]mT-`m-K-ßfn¬ Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p∂ Z¿i-\-hp-ambn Xmc-Xayw sNøp-I.
hkp-ss[h IpSpw-_Iw
15
kqcy-Im¥n
Pn. i¶-c-°p-dp∏v
aµaµ--sa≥ Xmgpw
apKv[amw apJw s]m°n˛
pµ-c-Zn-hm-I-c≥
tNmZn®q a[p-c-ambv:
""Bcp \ob-\p-PØo?
\n¿∂n-ta-j-am-sbs-¥≥
tXcp t]mIth t\tc
t\m°n\n¬°p∂q Zqtc?
kuay-ambv ]ns∂-∏ns∂
hnScpw kv\nKv[-°-Æm¬
cay-ambv ho£n-°p∂q
Xncn™p Xncn-s™s∂;
h√Xpw ]d-bp-hm˛
\mK-ln-°p-∂p-≠m-hm˛
an√tbm? sX‰m-Wql˛
sa¶n¬, Rm≥ tNmZn-®oe!''
H∂p-ap-Øcw tXm∂o,˛
seßs\ tXm∂pw? k¿h˛
k∂p-X≥ khn-Xm-sh˛
sßßp \n¿K‘w ]pjv]w!
Bcy-am-hns\ kvt\ln˛
°p∂ [n°m-c-Øn∂p
kqcy-Im-¥n-sb-s∂-s∂˛
∏p—n-∏-XmWo temIw!
]c-\nµ hoip∂
hmfn-\m¬ Nqfn-t∏m-Im,
]c-tIm-Sn-bn¬ sN∂
]mh-\-Zn-hy-kvt\-lw.
[ocam apJwXs∂
t\m°n-\n∂p Rm≥ KptWm˛
Zmc-\m-a-hn-S-tØ˛
s°¥p tXm∂ntbm lrØn¬!
`mh-]m-c-h-iysØ
ad-bv°m≥ Nncn-∏-Xn˛
\mhXpw ian-®mepw
Nncn-bm-bvØo¿∂o-e-t√m.
a™p-Xp-≈n-bm-sW∂p
`mhn-t®-\m-\µmip;
am™pt]mw IhnƒØp-Sp˛
∏nf-sh-bven-se-t∂m¿tØ≥;
th]-ap-≠m-bw-K-Øn¬˛
°pfn¿Im-‰n-\m¬, e÷m˛
Nm]-e-Øm-e-s√∂p
\Sn-t®-\-[oc Rm≥.
£pZ-am-an-∏p-jv]-Øn≥˛
t]a-sØ-§-Wn-®mtem
tIc-f-]m-Tm-hen ae-bmfw IX
16
`Z-\m-t±-h≥ \nµ˛
\ob-ambKWy-ambv!
ama-I-t]aw \nXy˛
aqI-am-bn-cn-°s´,
tIma-f-\-hn-S-∂˛
Xqln-®m-eq-ln-°-s´.
kvt\l-Øn¬ \n∂n-√t√m
as‰m∂pw e`n-®o-Sm≥;
kvt\l-Øn≥ ^ew kvt\lw
⁄m\-Øn≥ ^ew ⁄m\w.
kvt\lta ]cw kuJyw,
kvt\l-`w-Kta ZpxJw,
kvt\lw ta Zn°m-em-Xn˛
h¿Øn-bmbv Pzen-®mhq!
tZl-an-∂-Xn≥ NqSn¬˛
±ln-®m¬ Zln-°-s´,
taml-\-]-Im-i-sa˛
∂mflmhp Npw_n-®-t√m.
ama-Ia-t\m-K-X˛
ahn-S-∂-dn-s™t∂m!
t]ma-f-h-t±-l-Øn≥
apJhpw hnh¿W-am-bv.
hf-sc-∏-Wn-s∏-´m˛
sWs‚-ta¬\n∂pw tZh≥
Xfcpw kpc-‡amw
ssIsb-Sp-ØXp \q\w.
A£cw ]pd-s∏-´n˛
√t\ym\yw t\m°o R߃;
X¬£Ww Idºncm˛-
sh-¥n-\tßmt´s°Øn!
\µn ImWn-∏m-s\s‚
inc p Ip\n-™Xp
aµn-tXm-’m-l≥ t]msI˛
°≠n-cn-°n√m tZh≥!
\nZ-bn-√m-™m-c-‡˛
t\X-\mbv ]pe¿®bv°p
lrZ-a-s\-Øpw, \msf,
t\m°pao ap‰-sØs∂;
hnfdpw apJw thKw,
sX°≥Im‰-Sn-®-S¿˛
∂nf-ta¬°n-S-°p-sa≥˛
æm\-am-awKw Im¨sI
£Wam \n¬∏n¬Øs∂
\n∂p-t]m-tb-°mw, ]ns∂
]W-bm-Ip-e≥ \mY˛
\nßs\ hnjm-Zn°mw:
""B hnip-≤amw apKv[˛
]pjv]-sØ-°-≠n-s√-¶n¬!
Bhn[w ]c-kv]cw
kvt\ln-°m-Xn-cp-s∂-¶n¬!''
HmS-°p-g¬
hkp-ss[h IpSpw-_Iw
17
$ kqcy-Im-¥n°pw kqcy\pw Ihn \¬Inb hnti-j-W-߃ Fs¥m-s°-bmWv? Ah
XΩn¬ ]I-S-amb sshcp[yw ImWp-∂nt√? Cu sshcp[yw \ne-\n¬°p-tºmgpw
Ahsb H∂n-∏n-°p-∂-sX-¥mWv? IhnX ]cn-tim-[n®v \nß-fpsS \nco-£-W-߃
Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-I.
$ ""kvt\l-Øn¬ \n∂n-√t√m
as‰m∂pw e`n-®o-Sm≥;
kvt\l-Øn≥ ^ew kvt\lw
⁄m\-Øn≥ ^ew ⁄m\w.
kvt\lta ]cw kuJyw,
kvt\l-`w-Kta ZpxJw,
kvt\lw ta Zn°m-emXn˛
h¿Øn-bmbv Pzen-®mhq!''
kvt\l-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ Ihn-bpsS Z¿i\amWt√m CXv. kvt\l-sØ-°p-dn®v Fgp-X-
s∏- n- p≈ a‰p Ihn-Xm- m-K-߃ Is≠Øn ¢mkn¬ Ah-X-cn-∏n-°q.
$ ""A£cw ]pd-s∏-´n˛
√t\ym\yw t\m°o R߃;
X¬£Ww Id-ºn-cm˛
sh¥n-\-tßm-t´-s°Øn''
"Id-ºn-cmhv' F∂ ]tbmKw Fs¥ms° Bi-b-ß-fmWv D-W¿Øp-∂Xv?
$ ""tZl-an-∂-Xn≥ NqSn¬˛
±ln-®m¬ Zln-°s´,
taml-\-]-Im-i-sa˛
∂mflmhp Npw_n-®t√m''
kvt\l-Øn-\p-ap∂n¬ kzi-co-cw-t]mepw A]-[m-\-ambn I≠ ]qhn-s\-bm-Wt√m
ChnsS ImWp-∂-Xv. Cu ImgvN-∏m-Sn¬ \n∂p-sIm≠v "kqcy-Im¥n' F∂ Ihn-Xbv°v
B-kzm-Z\w Xbm-dm-°p-I.
tIc-f-]m-Tm-hen ae-bmfw IX
18
""`qtKm-f-Øn¬ ®ncn-∏n-Sn-tbmfw mK-Øns‚ BPo-h-\m¥mh-Im-in-bm-bn-Øo¿∂-
tXmsS `mhn-Po-hnXw kpc-£n-X-ambn F∂p ZrV-ambnØs∂ hniz-kn-®p.
kw`hw ct≠-°¿ sXßpw-]-d-ºm-Wv. \∂m°n ssÃem-°m≥ Ign-bp∂ Hcp
]g-b- ho-Sp-ap-≠v. tXß hn‰v F√m Pohn-Xm-h-iy-ßfpw t\Smw. Iptd amhp-Ifpw
c≠v hcn-°-πm-hp-ap-≠v. ho´m-h-iy-Øn\v hndIv ]d-ºn¬\n∂p In´pw. ]pcm-X-\-
amb Hcp InW-dp-ap-≠v. \√ sh≈w kpe-`w.
BsI-°qSn PohnXw ]c-a-kpJw F∂p ]d-bm≥ hnNm-cn-®n-cn-°p-tºm-gm-Wv.....
F¥p ]d-bm≥!''
"`qan-bpsS Ah-Im-in-Iƒ' hmbn-°p-tºmƒ
]n.sI. cmP-ti-J-c≥
sNdp-I-Y-bpsS AwKo-Ir-X-e-£-W-
߃°p ]pdØp\n¬°p∂, As√-¶n¬
Ah-sb sh√p-hn-fn-°p∂ "`qan-bpsS Ah-
Im-in-Iƒ' _jo-dns‚ Z¿i-\-Øns‚ Bfl-
I-Ym-cq-]-Øn-ep≈ ]Im-i-\-am-Wv. AtXm-
sSm∏w ]Ir-Xn°v BJym-\-Øn¬ Bhn-
jvI-cWw \¬I-epw. ]Ir-Xn -sbbpw
BJym-\-Øn¬ krjv-Sn-°s∏Sp∂ ]Ir-Xn-
sbbpw IY-bpsS ]Ir-Xn-sbbpw Ipdn-®p≈
hyXy-kvX-ß-fmb t\m´-߃ ]Im-in-∏n-
®p-sIm≠v "`qan-bpsS Ah-Im-in-Iƒ' H‰-
Xncn™p \n¬°p-∂p. Hcp InWdpw ]g-b-
hoSpw Dƒs∏-Sp∂ ct≠-°¿ ]pc-bnSw
hmßn-b-tXmsS `mhn-Po-hnXw kpc-£n-X-
ambn F∂p Zr -V-ambn hniz -kn -®
_jodns‚ Pohn-XsØ qan-bpsS a‰v Ah-
Im-in-Iƒ sh√p-hn-fn-°p-∂p. Ah-Im-in-
Ifn¬ H∂mb a\p-jys‚ ImgvN-∏m-Sn¬
amX-amWv AXv sh√p -hn -fn -bmbn
Øocp∂Xv.
F√m \n-Ip-Xn-Ifpw HSp°n kz¥-am-°n-b
`qan-bn¬ a‰v Ah-Im-in-Iƒ˛]£n-Iƒ,
]mWn-Iƒ, NnX-i-e-`-߃, ]mºv, Iocn,
Fen, Ipdp-°≥, hmh¬, ]gp-Xm-c, tXƒ
XpS-ßn-bh ]ucm-Wn-I-amb Ah-Im-i-t_m-
[-tØmsS hnl-cn-°p-∂p. B ]pc-bn-S-
Øn¬ a‰v Ah-Im-i߃ hI-h-®p-sIm-Sp-
°m≥ mcy Xbm-d-√. ]pc-bnSw F∂ hm°v
hkp-ss[h IpSpw-_Iw
19
a\p-jys‚ ]pc-bv°p≈ CSw amX-a√,
ssZh-kr-jvSn-IƒXs∂-bmb a‰p≈ Pohn-
Iƒ°pw ]pc-bv°p≈ CS-amWv F∂ Z¿i-
\-Øm¬ _jo¿ kzÿ\pw \n w-K-\p-
amWv. hoSn-\Iw apgp-h\pw ]mWn-I-fpsS
BI-aWw ]Scp-∂p. `¿Øm-hn-s\-°-Sn®
]gp-Xm-csb `mcy \n¿Zbw sIm∂p. F´p-
Im-en, ]m‰, tXƒ, Noho-Sv, Fdp-ºv, NnX¬
XpS-ßn-b-h-sbbpw sIm∂p. Fen°v hnjw-
h-®-t∏mƒ Fen-tbm-sSm∏w tImgn, ]q®,
AÆm≥ XpS-ßn-b-hbpw NØp. Icn°v
\in-∏n-°p∂ hmh-ep-Isf shSn-h-bv°m≥
ian-s®-¶nepw \S-∂n-√.- hm-h-ep-Iƒ ]q¿hn-
I-cpsS Bflm-°-fm-sW∂p]d™v lnµp-
°ƒ _l-f -ap -≠m -°n -b -Xm -bn -cp∂p
ImcWw. Cu ]cm-I-a-ß-sf√mw D≠mIp-
tºmgpw _jo¿ Xs‚ \n w-K-X-bnepw
Xpeym-h-ImihmZ-Ønepw Dd-®p-\n-¬°p∂p.
Pohn-I-fmb k¿hPohn-Ifpw qan-bpsS Ah-
Im-in-I-fmWv F∂mWv _jo-dns‚ DØcw.
""Hcp Xmßp-an-√msX tImSm-\p-tImSn tKmf-
ßsf Xmßn\n¿Øn-bn-cn-°p∂ ssZhw
Xºp-cm≥ `qan -bn¬ Pohn -Iƒ°mbn
Fs¥√mw krjvSn-®n-cn-°p∂p! ]g-߃,
Ing-ßp-Iƒ, [m\y-߃, ]pjv]-߃, ]p√v,
sh≈w, hmbp, ]ns∂ NqSpw shfn-®-hpw.
`qan-bnse D¬]-∂-ß-fp-sS-sb√mw Ah-Im-
in-I-fmWv P¥p-°fpw arK-ßfpw Iran-Io-S-
ßfpw hr£-ßfpw sNSn-Ifpw a‰pw. Cu
]c-am¿Yw Ft∏mgpw Hm¿°p-∂Xv \√-Xm-
sW∂p tXm∂p-∂nt√?'' F∂mWv _jo¿
`mcy-tbmSp tNmZn-°p-∂-Xv. `¿Øm-hns‚
bp‡nsb tNmZyw sNbvXp-sIm≠v `mcy
]d-bp-∂Xv Cu hnizm-k-ap-≈-h¿ h√ Kpl-
bnepw \·-ambn X] psNøp-∂-XmWv \√-
sX-∂m-Wv. B \nan-j-Øn¬ Xam-i-sh-
Sn™v _jo¿ ]d-bp∂p: ""\ns‚ A`n-]m-
b-tØmSp tbmPn-°p-∂-h-cpsS ]h¿Ø-\-
߃ Rm≥ ImWp-∂p-≠v. Hc-™q-dp-sIm√-
Øn-\-IØv Cu `qan-bn-ep≈ k¿h-P-¥p-
°sfbpw ]£n-I-sfbpw arK-ß-sfbpw
a\pjy≥ sIms∂m-Sp-°pw. ac-ß-sfbpw
sNSnI-sfbpw \in-∏n-°pw. a\p-jy≥ amXw
`qan-bn¬ Ah-ti-jn-°pw. F∂n´v H∂-S¶w
NmIpw!'' Km¿lnIØ¿°-Øn-te°p hgn-
am-dp∂ "`qan-bpsS Ah-Im-in-Iƒ' Cu \nan-
j-Øn¬ _jo-dns‚ ]Ir-Xn-t_m-[-Øns‚
]Jym-]-\-ambnØocp-∂p; X-am-i-bpsS
AScn-\p-≈n¬ Hcp k¿h-\m-i-Z¿i-\w.
a\p-jy-]-IrXn ssPh-]-Ir-Xn°p t\tc \S-
Øp∂ Zbm-iq-\y-amb AI-a-Øn-te-°mWv
_jo¿ \oßp-∂-Xv. a‰p Pohn-I-fp-sSbpw
kky-ß-fpsSbpw \Zn-I-fp-sSbpw ImSp-I-fp-
sSbpw Ah-Im-i-sØ-∏-‰n -bp≈ \oXn-
t_m[-Øns‚ cq]oI-c-W-am-W-Xv. ssPh-
\o -Xn -sb-°p -dn -®p≈ Cu k¶ev]w
]IrXnsb-°p -dn®p \ne\n¬°p∂
k¶ev]-ßsf Xnc-kvI-cn-®p-sIm-≠p-am-Xta
cq]-s∏-Sp-Øm-hq F∂v _jo-dn-\-dn-bm-am-bn-
cp∂p. dnb-en-k-Øn-s‚bpw B[p-\n-I-X-bp-
sSbpw ]Ir-Xn -k¶ev]sØ _jo¿
Aßs\ Xnc-kvI-cn -®p. D¬]m-Z -t\m-
]m[nIƒ F¥p -hn-e-sIm-SpØpw hnI-kn-
∏n-°-W-sa∂pw kmt¶-XnI]ptcm-K-Xn-°-
∏pdw as‰m-∂p-an-s√-∂pap≈ ]ptcm-K-a-\-
hmZambn-cp∂p AXv. ]IrXnsb A\-¥-
amb ]ptcm-KXn F∂ hyh-km-b-h¬°-
cWk¶ev]-Øns‚ FXn¿[p-h-ambm-Wv
_jo¿ kzoI-cn-®-Xv. kky-P-¥p-]-Ir-Xn-
Iƒ a\p-jys‚ apt∂-‰-Øn-\p≈ klm-bI-
߃ amX-amWv F∂pw ]IrXn F∂
k¶ev]w Hcp `mjm-\n¿an-Xn-bm-sW-∂p-
apff kmwkvIm-cn-I-hmZ (Culturalism)-
sØbpw AtXm-sSm∏w _jo¿ Xnc-kvI-
cn-°p-∂p. ssPh-\o-Xn-sb-°p-dn-®p≈ Cu
t_m[w _jo-dn¬ Bib-°p-g∏w krjvSn-
°p-∂p-≠v. lnwkIqSmsX Pohn-°m-\m-
hptam F∂ tNmZy-amWv AXns‚ ImX¬.
"]pXp-]p-Ø-\mb Hcp XØz-imkvXw,'
"hy‡-amb Hcp hnizm-k-]-amWw' thW-
sa∂v ]]-©-ß-fmb ]]©ßfpsS
sb√mw kjvSm-hmb ssZh-tØmSv ]m¿Yn-
°p∂ _jo¿ Hcp ssPh-[¿a-im-kvX-
Øns‚ A\n -hm -cy -X -sb-∏ -‰n -bmWv
tIc-f-]m-Tm-hen ae-bmfw IX
20
kwkmcn-°p-∂-sX∂p ImWm≥ hnj-a-an√.
`qan-bnse PohnXw B]¬ÿnXn-bn-em-
sW∂ t_m[-amWv ssPh-k-Zm-Nm-c-Øn-
te°p sIms≠-Øn-°p-∂-Xv.
""ssZh-kr -jvSn -bnse sXßp-I-fnse
Icn°p-I-fn¬ hmh-ep-Iƒ°v Ah-Im-i-
ap≠v; ssZhw-X-ºp-cm≥ krjvSn-bpsS Znhy-
ap -lq¿Ø-Øn¬ Iev]n -®p -sIm -SpØ
]pcmX\ ]pcm -X -\ -amb Ah-Imiw.
Hm¿°pI: ""Pohn-I-fmb k¿h-Po-hn-Ifpw
`qan-bpsS Ah-Im-in-Iƒ'' Fs∂-gpXn IY-
b-h-km-\n-∏n-°p∂ _jo-dns‚ ssPh-\o-Xn-
t_m-[-Øn¬ aX-]-c-amb Awiw ]Xy-£-
am-Wv. Jp¿-B-\n¬ ]hm-N-I≥ ]d-bp∂
A√m-lp-hns‚ H´I-Øns‚ ZrjvSm¥w
_jo-dns\ kzm[o-\n-®n-cn-°m≥ kzm`m-hn-
I-ambpw km[y-X-bp≠v. A√m-lp-hns‚ qan-
bn¬ ta™p-Xn-∂m≥ AXns\ hnt´-°pI.
AXn\v bmsXmcp D]-Z-hhpw sNø-cp-Xv.
sNbvXm¬ thZ-\m -P -\ -I-amb in£
\nßsf ]nSn-IqSpw F∂mWv ]hm-N-I≥
]d-bp-∂-Xv. ]Ir-Xn-tbm-Sp≈ at\m-`m-h-
Øn¬ aXm-fl-I-X-bpsS Awiw IS∂phcp-
∂Xv Imev]\n-I-X-bpsS khn-ti-j-X-bm-
bn-cp-∂p. _jo-dnepw AXp≠v.
ka-kvX -P-¥p-Pm-e-ßfpw `qan-bpsS Ah-
Im-in-Ifmb-Xn-\m¬ Hcp-an-®p-]m¿°Ww
F∂ AXn-hmZw _jo-dn-\n-√. ""kl-
h¿Øn-Xz-amWv Bh-iyw. ]t£, Iq´mbn
Pohn-°m-s\m-°ptam? hnjw! ISn-®m¬
acn°pw! tl, k¿∏ta! \n\-°n-hnsS Ah-
Im-i-an-√. Fs‚ kz¥-amb Cu ct≠-°¿
]d-ºn¬ \n∂pw \o £-WØn¬ ]pd-Øp-
t]m-IpI!'' F∂mWv _jo¿ ]d-bp-∂-Xv.
]Ir-Xn-sb-°p-dn-®p≈ BZ¿i-hm-Zhpw
bmYm¿Yyhpw XΩn-ep≈ G‰p-ap-´¬ "`qan-
bpsS Ah-Im-in-Ifn'se [¿akwL¿jw
h¿[n -∏n -°p -∂p. A]-I-S -Im -cn -I-fmb
PohnIsf sIm√-W-sa∂p hmZn-°p∂ mcy-
tbmSv, ""F\n°o ]]-©-ß-sf-sb√mw
kvt\l-tØmsS Benw-K\w sNøm≥
tXm∂p∂p'' sh∂mWv _jo¿ ]d-bp-∂Xv.
""Rm\pw a°-fp-amWv ]]-©-sa∂p hnNm-
cn-®m¬ aXn'' sb∂p mcy Xncn-®-Sn-°p-∂p.
Xam-i-Ie¿∂ Cu Km¿lnIIe-lsØ
_jo¿ B[p-\n-I-tem-I-Ønse Hcp [¿a-
kw-L¿j-Øn-te-°mWv \o´n-sb-Sp-°p-∂-Xv.
k z m ` m - h n - I - ] - c n -ÿ n - X n - b p - a mb n
tN¿∂p\n¬°p∂ Kmao-W-amb ]cº
cmKX ssP-h-k-aq-lhpw B[p-\n-I-amb
\mKcnI bm¥n-I-k-aq-lhpw XΩn-ep≈
kwL¿jw AXn¬ ]—-∂-ambn
\n¬°p∂p. AØcw ]iv\-ß-sf-°p-dn-
s®m∂pw ]Xy-£-ambn kwkm-cn-°msX
ho´p-I-e-l-Øns‚ am[p-cy-ap≈ ^en-X-
Øns‚ afi-e-Øn¬ \n∂p-sIm≠v B[p-
\n-I-XzsØ hna¿in-°m-\mWv bYm¿Y-
Øn¬ _jo¿ ian-®-Xv. a\p-jy-\n¬ amXw
tIµo -I -cn -®p -sIm -≠p≈ B[p-\n -I -
XzØns‚ ]ptcm-KXnk¶¬∏-sØ enX-
Øns‚ teme-amb ]pd-ºm-fn-°p- a-d-hn¬
_jo¿ tNmZyw sNbvXp.
s]mcn™ bp≤-ßfpw ]m]-Øns‚ k¥m-
\-amb tXm°p-ap≈ B[p-\n-I-XzsØ
_jo¿ FXn¿°p-∂p. hmh-ep-Isf shSn-
h-bv°m≥ ]Tn°mw F∂p ]d-bp∂ `mcy-
bpsS B[p-\n-I-XzsØ ^en-Xw-sIm≠p
t\cn-Sp∂Xn¬ _jo¿ ]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-∂p.
AXn-Po-h-\-Øn-\p-th-≠n-bm-sW-¶n¬t∏m-
ep-ap≈ B[p-\n -I-Xz -Øns‚ `uXnI
emt`—sb AwKo-I-cn -°m≥ hømØ
_jo¿ AXns\ FXn¿°m\pw hømØ
kml-N-cy-amWv ho´n¬ t\cn-Sp -∂-Xv.
hkp-ss[h IpSpw-_Iw
21
$ "`qan-bpsS Ah-Im-in-Iƒ' F∂ IY-bpsS khn-ti-j-X-I-fmbn teJ-I≥ Nq≠n-°m-
´p-∂ Imcy-߃ Fs¥m-s°-bmWv? DNn-X-amb IYm-k-µ¿`-߃ DZm-l-cn®v eLp-
Ipdn-∏p-Iƒ Xbm-dm-°p-I.
DZm: ]Ir-Xn-sb-°p-dn®v amX-a√, ]Ir-Xn-°p-th-≠n-bpw kwkm-cn-°p∂ IY-bmWv
"`qan-bpsS Ah-Im-in-Iƒ.'
$ ""F\n°o ]]-©-ß-sf-sb√mw kvt\l-tØmsS Benw-K\w sNøm≥ tXm∂p-∂p.''
""Rm\pw a°-fp-amWv ]]-©-sa∂v hnNm-cn-®m¬ aXn.''
_jodpw mcybpw XΩn-ep≈ Cu kw`m-jWw c≠p ImgvN-∏m-Sp-I-sf-bm-Wt√m ]Xn-
^-en-∏n-°p-∂-Xv.
Cu ImgvN-∏m-Sp-Isf hna¿i-\m-fl-I-ambn ]cn-tim-[n®v \nK-a-\-ßfh-X-cn-∏n-°p-I.
$ h√ Kpl-bnepw X] p sNøp-I-bmWv \√Xv F∂p `mcy ]d-™-t∏mƒ Xam-i-hn´v
Nn¥m-[o-\-\m-Im≥ _jo-dns\ t]cn-∏n-®Xv Fs¥ms° Imcy-ß-fmhmw?
^enXw-sIm≠p ad-®p-h® Cu Bfl-
kwL¿j-amWv _jo-dns\ B[p-\n-I-Xz-
Øns‚ hna¿i\-Øn-te°p \bn-°p-∂-Xv.
`uXn-tI-—-sIm≠v XI-cp∂ `qan-sb-°p-dn-
®p≈ Hm¿a-bpsS cq]-ØnemWv "`qan-bpsS
Ah-Im-in-I-fn'¬ B hna¿iw ]Xy£-s∏-
Sp-∂-Xv. `qan-bn-ep≈ k¿h-P-¥p-°-sfbpw
sIms∂m-Sp-°nb tijw a\p-jy≥ amXw
Ah-ti-jn®v HSp-hn¬ Ah\pw H∂-S¶w
Nmhp∂ Ime-sØ-°p-dn®p≈ Hm¿a Hcp
ap∂-dn-bn-∏p-t]mse IY-bn¬ ]Xy-£-s∏-
Sp-∂p. kqcy≥ AW™v Ncm-N-c-ß-sf-√mw
\in-®v ]c-°p∂ A\-¥-amb Ccp- n-s\-°p-
dn®pw ]£n-ar-Km-Zn-I-fn-√msX ]mgvÿ-e-
ambn, \n»-_vZX \nd™ alm-iq-\y-X-
bmbn InS-°p∂ Ntµm-]-cn-X-e-sØ-°p-dn-
®p-ap≈ Nn¥-Ifn¬ A¥¿`-hn-®n-´p-≈Xpw
AXp-X-s∂. B Hm¿a-bpsS adp-]p-d-amWv
hoSn -\p-]p-d-Øp≈ ssPh-]-Ir-Xnbpw
AhnsS \n∂p ]pkvX-I-Øm-fn¬ ]d-∂p-
h∂n-cn-°p∂ \oe-®n-d-Ip≈ Cu®bpw.
ISpIp-a-Wn-tbmfw amXw hep-∏-ap≈ B
jUv]Zw _jo-dns\ Cuiz-c-kr-jv-Sn-sb-°p-
dn-®p≈ Nn¥-bn-te°p sIm≠p-t]m-Ip-∂p.
]cn-]q¿W-ß-fmb Iem-krjvSn-Iƒ \n¿an-
°p∂ Iem-Im-c-\mWv _jo-dns‚ ssZhw.
B[p-\n-I-Xz-Øns‚ kuI-cy-ß-sf√mw
AwKo-I-cn -®p -sIm-≠p-Xs∂, lnwkm-
hmk\ kzm`m-hn-I-]-Ir-Xn-bmb, B[p-\nI-
Xz-Øns‚ ]Xn-cq-]-amb `mcy -\-S-Øp∂
lnwk-Iƒs°√mw _jo¿ ssZh-tØmSv
am∏p-tNm-Zn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. bYm¿Y-
Øn¬, ]Ir-Xn-bp-ambn BNm-cm-\p-k-c-W-
ap≈ Pohn-X-amWv aX-߃ hnh-£n-°p-∂-
sX∂v ssIkvX-h-amb A¿Y-Øn¬
]d™ Sn.F-kv. Fen-b-‰n -s\-t∏m-se
-_-jodpw aX-Øns‚ ]]-©-Z¿i-\-Øn-
te°p \oßp-∂p. B am∏p-]-d-®n¬ B[p-
\n-I-Xz-Ønse a\p-jys‚ \n -lm-b-Xbpw
AXn-t\m-Sp≈ hna¿i-hpw Dƒs°m-≈p-∂p.
AXn-eqsS ]Ir-Xn-sb-°p-dn-®p amXa-√,
]Ir-Xn-°p-th≠nbpw At±lw kwkm-cn-
°p-∂p.
72
tIc-f-]m-Tm-hen ae-bmfw IX
]pjv]-Imew
DZym-\-]m-e-Itc! `hm-∑m-cp-W¿˛
∂pZy-an-∏n≥ ]pjv]-Im-e-am-bn.
D®m-h-N-ß-fm-tam-a¬kp-a-ß-fm¬
sa®-ta-do-Sp-ao-bm-cm-a-Øn¬
tZh≥ h\-am-en-°m-\-µ-ta-ImØ
]qshm-∂pan-s√-∂-tXm¿Øp-sImƒhn≥.
F√m kpa-hp-a-hs‚bn-—-bvs°mØp
sas√- h-f¿∂p X≥ ]q¿W-X-bn¬
sN√m-\p-g-dp-I-bm-W-§-Xn-bmcpw
X√n-\n¿ØmsX kq£n-®p-sImƒhn≥.
`hyamw sX∂epw `m\p-a-co-Nnbpw
Znhyamw Xqa-g-\ocpw \nXyw
\hy-c-k-am¿∂p \¬Ip-∂-t√m-bn-hbv˛
°hy-Xybw tZh-s\m-∂p-t]mse.
Zpc-hÿ ˛ Ipam-c-\m-im≥
$ ]qhp-I-sf-°p-dn®v Ihn-°p≈ ImgvN-∏m-Sp Xs∂-bmtWm \ap-°p-
ap≈Xv?
5
73
]]-©-an -s∂mcp Xd-hm-Smbn hc-ºp-Iƒ ImWm-Xmbn
D≈q¿
k‘y--bv°p am\Øp ae¿∂ Xmc˛
Ømc-Xbpw I≠p sNSn® ItÆ!
Ip\n™n-Sm-sam-∂n\n; \ns‚ t\m´w
Ip∏-°p-gn-°p-≈n-ep-sa-Øn-S-s´.
]d-ºn-e-ßnßp ]I-s®m-Xp-ßn˛
∏mh-ßfmw Xpº-I-sfm-´-t\Iw
Xptem-a-h-‰n≥ ]pI-fn∂p hnØmw
Xqsh¨a-e¿sØ-√p-a-W-™p-\n-¬∏q.
PmXn-®p-h- n¬÷-e-tk-I-taIpw
P\-ß-fn-∏q-s®Sn ssIb-\°n
hf¿Øn-Sp-∂n-√-Xp-t]ms´; Zqsc
hen-®p-am-‰p-∂-Xp-ap≠p! IjvSw!
Db¿Øn sh≈-s°mSn Im´p-thms\˛
bp∑q-e\w sNøp-ap-Z-K-]mWn
]cm-Iaw hmbv°p-a-cn-s°m-Xp-ßn˛
∏mh-ß-sf-Ø®p Xcn-∏p -Xo¿∏q!
*
LmtW-µn-bm-cm-a¿ a\p-jy¿ \ns‚
kXz-ÿ-k-º-Ø-dn-bmsX ]qth!
lm, \o shdpw ]mIr-X-`q-an-bmƒX˛
∂]-Xy-sa-t∂m¿Ø-[-co-I-cn-∏q.
Dt≠m KpWw? sImƒhn-\-sXm-∂p-am-X˛
ap¬]-Ønbpw hwi-hp-am-cp-I≠p?
BVy≥ apX-¬°-¥y-P-t\m-f-am¿°pw
s]‰Ω `qtZhn; ]nXmhp ssZhw.
tNdn¬°p-cp-°p∂p knXmw-_p-P-߃;
Imdn¬∏n-d-°p∂p ]bx-I-W-߃;
aßn-°n-S-°p-s∂mcp ]rjvT-`qan
alm¿l-NnXw hc-hm≥ at\m-⁄w.
*
Bcp-®¿? B¿ \oN¿? A\m-cy-am-ao˛
bkva¬Kr-l-—n-Z-a-Zr-jvS-]q¿hw
Ati-j-tem-I-Øn-\p-am-\-\-sØ˛
b]-X-]m-\-an-X-am-°n-Sp-∂p.
Xcw-KnWn
74
tIc-f-]m-Tm-hen ae-bmfw IX
$ ""k‘ybv°p am\Øp ae¿∂ Xmc˛
Ømc-Xbpw I≠p sNSn® ItÆ!
Ip\n-™n-Sm-sam-∂n\n \ns‚ t\m´w
Ip∏-°p-gn-°p-≈n-ep-sa-Øn-Ss´''
am\w, Ip∏ F∂o ]Z-߃ kqNn-Xm-¿Y-ØnemWt√m Ihn ]tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p∂Xv.
Ihn-X-bn¬ \n∂v CØ-c-Øn-ep≈ IqSp-X¬ ]Z-߃ Is≠Øn Ah-bpsS Bi-b-
Xew N¿®sNøq.
$ ""PmXn-®p-h- n¬PvPe-tk-I-taIpw
P\-ß-fn∏q-s®Sn ssIb-\°n
hf¿Øn-Sp-∂n-√Xp t]ms´; Zqsc
hen-®p-am-‰p-∂-Xp-ap≠p! IjvSw!''
"PmXn-®p-h-´n¬ Pe-tk-I-ta-IpI' F∂ ]tbm-K-Øn¬ Fs¥√mw A¿Y-ß-fmWv
Is≠-Øm≥ Ign-bp∂Xv?
$ "Xpº-∏qhv' F∂ I-hn-X-bn¬ kmaq-lnI]m[m-\y-ap≈ hen-sbm-cm-i-b-amWv Ihn
apt∂m- p-hbv-°p-∂-Xv. Xmsg sImSp-Øn-cn-°p∂ kqN-\-IƒIqSn ]cn-K-Wn®v Ihn-Xbv°v
Hcm-kzm-Z\w Xbm-dm-°p-I.
PmXn-®p-h-´n¬ Pe-tk-I-ta-IpI
Zqsc hen®pam‰pI
LmtW-µn-bm-cm-a¿ a\p-jy¿
75
]]-©-an -s∂mcp Xd-hm-Smbn hc-ºp-Iƒ ImWm-Xmbn
_me-ma-Wn-bΩ
]mhw-Xp-ºsb hmcn-sb-Sp-ØY
tZh≥ tN¿Øp aq¿[m-hn¬
]pfIw sIm≈pI Xpº∏qth
]q°-fn¬ \otb `mKy-hXn
˛sshtem-∏n≈n
Xpº-∏q-°ƒ°v alØzw e`n-°-W-sa-¶n¬ HmWw hc-Ww. Aß-s\sbmcp
HmWw h∂pthm?
HmW-\m-fq-Wn-\n-sß-Øm-sa-t∂-‰n-´p˛
tama-\-tØm-g≥ hcm-™-sXt¥?
s]m∂p-Sp-∏q-cn-bn-´m-Zn-Xy-\o- ho-´n≥
]n∂nsetØm∏n-tebvt°m-Sn-b-t√m.
]mW¿I-fn-bpsS ]m´pw XpSn-sIm´pw
]mS-Øn-∂-°sc tIƒ°m-b-t√m.
sNºn¬Øm≥ hbv°nepw ImetØ thhn-t®m˛
cºn-fn-∏q-h-S-bm-dn-bt√m!
tX®p- Xp-S-®n´ tImem-bn¬∏n-s∂bpw
Im¬®-fn-∏m-Sp-Iƒ h∂p s]´p;
hmSn-°p-g™q Rmt\mW-s∏-cp-am-sf˛
®qSn® Xma-c-∏qw-In-co-Sw.
Nqtg-b-Wn-t™m-c-cn-®m-¥n≥ afiew
tImgn-Iƒ Xmdp-am-dm-°n-hn-´p.
FÆ-hn-f-°p- ]pI-bp∂p R߃°m˛
bpÆm-\n-e-bn´ ap≥X-f-Øn¬.
AΩ-sb-∏n≥\n-∂-e´n Rm≥ sh∏n-t®m˛
c©m-dp-Iq´w Idn-°-cn-In¬,
H‰-bv°n-cp-∂pÆm; ˛a-Ω-bm-∏m-h-sØ˛
°p‰-s∏-Sp-Øp-sa-∂mWp tJZw.
Iq´p-Im-c-s∂t¥m ]‰n-sb∂mw; A√
ho´p-Im¿ hn´-b-®o-e-sb-∂mw˛
76
tIc-f-]m-Tm-hen ae-bmfw IX
$ Xm≥ hnizkn®-Xn¬ \n∂p hyXy-kvX-amb F¥p kXy-amWv Ip´n a\- n-em-°n-
bXv? Ihn-X-bn¬ \n∂p≈ kqN-\-Iƒ Is≠-Øp-I.
$ s]m∂p-Sp-∏q-cn-bn-´m-Zn-Xy\o ho´n≥˛
]n∂n-se-tØm-∏n-te-t°m-Sn-b-t√m.
Cu hcn-I-fn¬ \n∂p a\- n¬ ]Xn-bp∂ NnX-sa-¥mWv? s]m∂p-Sp∏v F∂ hm°v
Fs¥√mw kqN-\-I-fmWp \¬Ip-∂Xv?
$ "amtem-I-sc-√m-cp-sam-∂p-t]mse' F∂p tLmjn-°p∂ DÆn-Isf "\mtfbv°p
]q\p≈p∂h¿' F∂p hnti-jn-∏n-®-Xnse s]mcpƒ F¥mhmw?
$ Cu Ihn-X-bn¬ ka-bsØ ImWn-°p∂ kqN-\-Iƒ Is≠-Øp-I. IhnX IqSp-X¬
lrZy-am-°m≥ B kqN-\-Iƒ klm-bn-°p-∂pt≠m? N¿®sNøp-I.
$ "Xpº∏qhv' F∂ Ihn-X-bnse Bi-b-Xew Hcp PohnXkµ¿`-Øn-te°p ]dn®p\´-
XmWv "kl-]m-Tn-Iƒ' ˛ Xmc-XaywsNøq.
$ ""]mTm-e-b-Ønte ]mamWy-ap-≈-h¿
]mh-ß-tfm-sSm-Øn-W-ß-ep-≈q,
]©m-ar-X-°q´pw Rmh¬∏-g-ßfpw
]¶n-s´-Sp-Øp Ign-°-ep≈q''
Cu Bi-bsØ hna¿i-\m-fl-I-ambn hne-bn-cp-Øq.
]mc-a-dn-hp-t≈m¿, \√ hmt°m-Xp-t∂m¿
Iqc-X -Im´ptam Ip´n-I-fn¬?
sN∂p hnfn-s° -Rm≥, F¥nt\m tXmgs‚
tN®n°p sN©p≠p sN‰p -tImSn?
F¥p-sIm-≠-—∂p s\‰n-Np-fn-™p-t]m˛
sb¥nt\ sas√-®n-cn-®-XΩ?
ta¬°p-ta¬ hmSpw apJ-hp-ambv Zqtcbv°p
t\m°n-bp-tam¿tØm¿Øp-g∂pw \n¬s°,
]pXs‚ I¨-Xp-S-®Ω \na-¥n-®m,˛
fX-\m-f≥]m¬ ad® kXyw:
""]mTm-e-b-Ønte ]mamWy-ap-≈-h¿
]mh-ß-tfm-sSm-Øn-W-ß-ep-≈q,
]©m-ar-X-°q´pw Rmh¬∏-g-ßfpw
]¶n-s´-Sp-Øp Ign-°-ep≈q''
\mtfbv°p ]q\p-≈p-ap-Æn-Iƒ tLmjn®p:
"amtem-I-sc-√m-cp-sam-∂p-t]mse'
\nthZyw
77
]]-©-an -s∂mcp Xd-hm-Smbn hc-ºp-Iƒ ImWm-Xmbn
F≥.-]n. apl-ΩZv
\mep `mK-Øp-\n∂pw Bfp-Iƒ Hgp-In-
h-cn-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. tbmKÿew \nd™p
Ihn-™p. A_vZp-d-lvams‚ hm°p-Iƒ
tIƒ°m-s\-Øn-b-h-cmWv Ah¿. Ahsc
I≠-t∏mƒ At±-l-Øn\pw Bthiw
Cc®p Ib-dn. \o≠ ]kw-Kw. cmjvSo-b-
Øn-\-]-cn-Nn-X-amb hm°p-Iƒ, Nn¥-Iƒ.
Akm-[m-c-W-amb A¥-co£w AhnsS
XpSn-®p. hm°p-Iƒ ]pg-t]mse Hgp-In.
tIƒhn-°m¿ B hm°p-I-fpsS Bflm¿Y-
XbpsS ]hm-l-Øn¬ he-™p-t]m-bn.
""\nß-tfmSp ]ecpw ]eXpw ]d™v sX‰n-
≤-cn-∏n-°m-\p-≠m-Ipw. AsXm∂pw \n߃
tIƒ°-cp-Xv. Rm≥ ]d-bp-∂Xpw \n߃
tIƒ°-W-sa-∂n-√. A√m-lp-hns‚ hm°p-
I-fmb Jp¿-B\pw \_n-N-cy-Ifpw amXw
t\m°n \S-°p-I. Ab¬hm-kn-I-fmb lnµp-
°-tfmSp \n߃ Hcn°epw iXp-X-bn¬
h¿Øn-°-cp-Xv.''
]kwKw Ah-km-\n-®-t∏mƒ cmXn H≥]-
X-c-a-Wn. k‘ym-\-a-kvImcw Ign-™-t∏mƒ
XpS-ßn-b-Xm-Wv. aWn-°q-dp-Iƒ IS-∂p-t]m-
bXv tI´n-cp-∂-h-cmcpw Adn-™n-√. hgn-hnf-
°p -Iƒ AW-™p-In -S -∂p. Ccp -´n¬
a\pjycpw ac-ßfpw hoSp-Ifpw Ip∂pw
sNcnhpw H∂m-bn.
tNµ-aw-K-√q-cn-se-Ø-Ww. AhnsS ]gb
NßmXn AØmgw Xbm-dm°n ImØn-cn-
°p-I-bm-hpw. hmkvX-h-Øn¬ hni-∏n-√.
F¶nepw A[n-Im-cn-bpsS \n¿_-‘-am-Wv.
Fs¥-¶nepw Ign-°-Ww.
A_vZp-d-lvams‚ a\- n¬ as‰t¥m Ip∂p-
Iq-Sn-bn-cp-∂p. thK-Øn¬ At±lw \S-°p-
∂p. kmln-_ns\m∏-sa-Øm≥ A\p-bm-bn-
Iƒ°m-bn-√. Ft¥m DS≥ sNbvXpXo¿°m-
\p-s≠∂ a´n-emWv \S-°p-∂-Xv. At∏mƒ
A\p-bm-bn-I-fpsS c£bv°v Hcmƒ FØn.
sh≈-ØmSn Im‰n-¬ ]d-Øp-∂p. Hcp
hr≤≥. Abm-fpsS Xte-s°´v Im‰n¬
Ncn™p. Abmƒ kmln-_n\p ap∂n¬
hgn apS°n\n∂p.
""A -emap Asse°pw.''
""h Asse°pap emw.''
""kmbv_v\v s∂ a\- n-emtbm?''
""C√.''
""Fßs\ a\- n-em-hm-\m-Wv. Ωfv I≠n´v
]Øn-cp-]-Ø©v sIm√-am-bnt√?''
am\p-j-sc-√mcpw H∂pt]m-se-bm-Ip∂ BZ¿i-temIw alm-flm-°ƒ hn`m-h\w
sNøp-∂p. AXv km£m-XvI-cn-°m≥ ian-°p-∂-h¿ FX?
78
tIc-f-]m-Tm-hen ae-bmfw IX
""\nß-fm-cmWv?''
""tamt\, \o Idp-Ø-t√m. As‚ Ihn-sfm-´n-
t∏m-b-t√m, tamt\.''
Abmƒ A_vZp-d-lvams‚ Ccp ssIIfpw
]nSn®p Xpcp-Xpcm Npw_n-®p. IÆocp X´n
kmbvhns‚ ssIIƒ \\-™p. kvt\l-
Øns‚ D∏p-\ocv ico-c-kp-jn-c-ß-fn-eqsS
D≈n-te°p In\n-™-t∏mƒ A_vZp-d-
lvam≥ B¿Z-\m-bn.
""£an-°Ww, F\n°p a\- n-em-bn-√.''
""tamt\, s_√m-cn-bnse Bt°m-´p-Im-c≥
Ip™m-Ωp-hns\ Hm¿a-bpt≠m?''
Hm¿a-bn -semcp ]Imiw s]mSp-∂s\
hncn™p.
Ip™mΩp apkveym¿! A_vZp-d-lvams\ B
hr≤≥ sI´n-∏n-Sn-®p.
""Fßs\ c£-s∏-´p?''
""\dv°v In´n, bp≤w Ign-™-∏-fv.''
elf \S-Øn-b-Xn\p Xq°m≥ hn[n®
XShp -]p -≈n -bm -bn -cp∂p Ip™mΩp
apkveym¿. A_vZp-d-lvams\ s_√mcn
Pbnen¬ sIm≠ph∂-t∏mƒ Ah¿ Iptd
Znhkw Htc sk√n-em-bn-cp-∂p. H∂n-®n-
cp∂p NIncn X√n \mcp-Iƒ th¿s]-Sp-Øp-
tºmƒ Ah¿ Ah-cpsS Nß-e-I-f-gn-bp-
∂Xv kz]v\w I≠p.
Xq°n-s°m-√m≥ hn[n-®Xn¬ apkveym¿°v
kt¥m-j-am-bn-cp-∂p.
kt¥m-j-am-bn-cp∂p Pbn-en¬ apkveym-
cpsS apJ-ap-Z. F¶nepw \n»-_vZ-\m-bn-cp-
∂p. thKw Xq°n-te-‰m-Ø-Xn¬ Abmƒ
]ndp-]n-dp-Øp. F√m cmXn-I-fnepw kz¿Kw
In\mhp I≠p. ]qt©m-e-Iƒ Hgp-Ip-∂p,
i_vZ-an-√m-sX. ]p¬Ø-In-Sn-bn¬ Nm™p-
In-S-°p∂ XpSpØ ap¥n-cn-°p-e-Iƒ. BSn-
∏mSn hcp∂ Nnd-Ip-I-fp≈ ae-°p-Iƒ. \oe-
°-Æp-Ifpw Nph∂ Np≠p-I-fp -ap -≈
lqdnIƒ. kz¿K-Øn-te-°p≈ bmX-
t]mepw sh≈-°m¿ apS-°p-∂p. AXp-
t]ms´, A©p t\cw \nkvI-cn -°m≥
A\phm-Z-an-√. A√m-lp-hns\ hW-ßp-
tºmƒ ap´p-a-d-bmØ Suk-dm-Wv. AXv
FX \o´n-bmepw apt´m-f-sa-Øn-√. a\ v
Ie-ßnb apkveym¿ \nkvI-cn -t°≠
t\cØv IÆp NnΩn. k¿h-i-‡\pw
]caIm-cp-Wn-I\pw Icp-Wm-\n-[n-bp-amb
ssZhsØ Hm¿Øp.
kmbvhns\ Pbn-e¿°p Imcy-am-bn-cp-∂p.
Ah-cpsS mj At±-l-Øn\v Adn-bmw. B
Xe-sb-Sp∏pw \S-Øhpw kwkm-chpw Iqk-
te-imØ apJhpw apkveymsc A_vZp-
dlvam-\n-te-°-Sp-∏n-®p. H∂n-®n-cp∂v NIncn
X√p-tºm-gmWv apkveym¿ \nkvIm-c-]iv\w
FSp-Øn-´-Xv. kmln_v AXp ]iv\-am-°n.
Iev]\ In´n-bXv sshIp-t∂-c-am-Wv. \o≠
\ncm-lmc\mfp-Iƒs°m-Sp-hn¬ \a-kvIm-c-
Øn-\p≈ A\p-hm-Z-am-bn.
aKvcn_v \nkvIm-c-Øn-\p≈ kabw. ap∏-
Øn-tbgv apkvenw XS-hp-Im-cmWv s_√m-
cn-bn¬. Ah¿ AwK-kv\m\w sNbvXp.
Camapw Pam-A-Øp-ambn \nkvI-cn-°m≥
Xbm-sd-Sp-Øp. kmbvhv Camw \n¬°-W-
sa-∂m-bn-cp∂p Ah-cpsS Bh-iyw. ]t£,
kmln_v DØ-c-hn-´p \Ωƒ Pbn¬ hn´p
t]mIp -∂-Xp -hsc F√m t\cØpw
Camambn \n¬°pI Ip™mΩp apkveymcm-
bn-cn-°pw. apkveym¿°v Xm≥ Xq°m≥ hn[n-
°-s∏´ XS-hp-]p-≈n-bm-sW-∂-Xp-t]mepw
ad∂p-t]m-bn. BZy-ambn Camw ssI
sI´nbt∏mƒ ]n∂n¬\n∂v ap∏-Øn-bm-dp-
t]-cpsS i_vZw H∂n-®p-b¿∂p: ""A√mlp
AIv_¿.''
Aß-s\-bp≈ kmbvhns\bm-Wn∂p
ImWp-∂-Xv. A_vZp-d-lvam≥ Im -dp-I-fpsS
Iqen-°m-c-\m-sW∂p aI≥ AØ≥Ip´n
]d™-t∏mƒ Abmƒ sXm≠ hnd-∏n-®p-
sIm≠p ]d™p: ""FSm, Ff-am≥
Xp≈msX. RΩ°v kph¿°-Øn-te-°p≈
hgn ImWn®pX∂ Cam-amWv kmbvhv.
t]mSm. kmbvhns\ DSp-ºp-t]mse RΩ-
°-dn -bmw. kmbvhv Ckvem-a -s√-¶n¬
BcmSm Cu temIØv Ckvemw?''
79
]]-©-an -s∂mcp Xd-hm-Smbn hc-ºp-Iƒ ImWm-Xmbn
""apkveymtc hcq, \ap°v I™n-Ip-Sn-°mw.''
""Cßs\ H∂n®p ImWm≥ Iøp-∂Xv
Pbnen∂v hnNm-cn-®-X-√.''
""hnNm-cn -®-X-√-t√m, \S-°-ev. F√mw
Ahs‚ ssIbn¬.''
Ah¿ H∂n®p \S-∂p. A[n-Im-cn-bpsS
ho´n¬ F√mw Xbm-dmbncp∂p. sh∏p-]p-c-
bn¬\n∂v tπ‰p-Ifpw ]n™m-W-ßfpw
sIm≠p-h-∂p. ]Øn-cnbpw Cd-®n-bpw. kp]
hncn-®p. F√m-hcpw kp]bv°p Np‰p-an-cp∂p.
kmln-_ns‚ sXm´-SpØv Ip™mΩp
apkveym¿. t\cw sshIn-bn-cp-∂p. F√m-
h¿°pw XnSp-°-am-bn.
XnSp-°-Øn¬ XnSp°w* HS-b-Øn-en-\m-bn-
cp-∂p. Iq´n-en´ ]pen-sb-t∏mse Abmƒ
sh∏p-]p-c-bn¬ Idßn\S-∂p. ASp-°-f-bn¬
B¿°pw Abmsf a\- n-em-bn-√. I≠m¬
\s√mcp tbmKy≥.
""Bcm-Wn-bmƒ?''
""Adn-bn√.''
HS-b-Øn¬ tIƒ°p-∂p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. AIw
]nS®p. tIƒ°p-∂n-s√∂ `mh-Øn¬
Abmƒ I™n hnf-ºnb Imk-Iƒ Hcp
s_©n¬ hcn-h-cn-bmbn Hcp-°n-h-®p.
""aq∏cv h∂ apXev AS-°-tf-em.''
""kmbvhns‚ IqsS h∂-Xm∂m
tXm∂vtW.''
lmhq. A√mlp c£-s∏-Sp-Øn.
ho´n-\-IØv s]m´n-®n-cnbpw In ]d-bepw
apdp-In. Ip™mΩp apkveymcpsS IY
kmbvhv F√m-h¿°pw ]d-™p-sIm-Sp-Øp.
AØmgw Ah-km-\n-®p. Hmtcm-cp-Ø-cmbn
ssI Igp-Im≥ ]pd-tØ-°n-d-ßn. hen-
sbmcp h´-s®-ºn¬ sh≈w \nd-®p-h-®n-
cp∂p. AXn¬ XI-c-Øns‚ ssI∏m-´-Iƒ.
Hmtcm-cp-Ø-cpw Dugw ImØp-\n-∂p.
At∏mƒ HS-b-Øn¬ Ipin-\n-°m-cs‚
sNhn-bn¬ a¥n-®p:
""kmbvhn\v Hcp Icn-©mb thWw. AXn¬
\me©p Xp≈n sNdp-\m-cß C‰n-t®m-fq.
Cs√-¶nepw hntcm-[-an-√.''
*apl-ΩZv A_vZp-dlvams‚ A\p-bm-bn-I-fn¬ Hcm-fm-bn-cp∂p HS-b-Øn¬. A_vZp-dlvam≥ kzoI-cn® atX-Xc
\ne-]m-Sn-t\mSv Abmƒ°v hntbm-Pn-∏m-bn-cp-∂p. t\mh-en-Ãns‚ krjvSn-bmWv Cu IYm-]m-Xw.
80
tIc-f-]m-Tm-hen ae-bmfw IX
A_vZp-d-lvam-\mWv ssIIƒ IgpIn BZyw
Xo≥ta-i-∏p-dØp Xncn-s®-Øn-b-Xv. tai-
∏pdØv tkmk¿sIm≠p aqSn -h®
Nmb°∏v.
HS-b-Øn-en\v Ccn-°-s∏m-dpXn In´n-bn-√.
ASp-°-f-bpsS A‰-Øp-h® sNºp-]m-X-
Øn¬ \n∂v Hcp •mkv sh≈w ap°n
Abmƒ B¿Øn-tbmsS IpSn-®p. ssI
hnd®-t∏mƒ sh≈w Xpfp-ºn. Pp∫-bpsS
ap≥hiw BsI \\-™p. s\©n-te°v
XWpØ ioX-°m‰v B™p-ho-ip-∂p.
s\©n-\-IØv sImSpwNqSm-Wv. izmkw
In´m≥ sRcp-°w. ssI Igp-Im-s\-Sp-Øp-
h® sh≈w ]m´-bn¬ ap°n HS-b-Øn¬
apJw Igp-In. Im‰p hoin.
A\-ßm-\m-Im-sX, H®bpw _l-fhpw
tIƒ∏n-°msX HS-b-Øn¬ s\©Øp
ssIh®v Ccp-´n¬ Ccp-∂p. s\©n-t∏mƒ
s]m´n-®n-X-dpw. IÆn-te°v Ccp- -Sn®ptIdn.
Hm¿a h∂-t∏mƒ ho´n-\-IØv Bf-\-°-an√.
AIw iq\yw. kmbvhpw kwLhpw \S-∏m-
X-bn¬ A]-Xy-£cm-Ip-∂p. s]tSm-
amIvkns‚ shfn®w Ccp- n¬ Xobn-X-fm-bn.
HS-b-Øn¬ t\sc t\m°n-bXv tai-∏p-d-
tØ-°m-Wv. tkmk¿sIm≠p aqSnb I∏v
AtX-]-Sn-bp-≠v. IpSn®p Ign-™-tijw h®-
Xm-bn-cn-°pw. s\©n-\-IØv \Kmc ASn®p.
Iq´n-bn´ Itk-c-Iƒ ssIØm-ßm°n ]Xp-
s°-∏-Xps° tai-∏p-d-sØ-Øn. tkmk¿
\o°n.
Nmb _m°n-bp-≠v.
C√, Icn-©mb IpSn-®n-´n-√.
s]mSp -∂-s\, an∂¬∏n -W¿t]mse
ss[cyw HS-b-Øn-en\p ssIh-∂p. Abmƒ
I∏pw tkmk-dp-sa-SpØv ]pd-tØ-°n-d-ßn.
]pd-Øp-h® hnf°v Btcm FSp-Øp-sIm≠p
t]mbn. h´-s®-ºn¬ C\nbpw sh≈-ap-≠v.
ssI∏m- -bp-ap-≠v.
HS-b-Øn¬ I∏n-te°v H∂p-IqSn t\m°n.
ac-W-amWv AXn-\-I-Øv. I∏pw tkmkdpw
Zqtc-s°-dn-™p. F¥n-s‚tbm lrZbw
s]m´n-Ø-I-cpw-t]mse AXp-S-™p.
Ccp´nte-°mWv kmln_pw kJm-°fpw
Imse-Sp -Øp-h-®-Xv. I´n-Iq-Snb Ccp´v
ImWmØ ]¿h-X -\n -c -I -sf -t∏mse
tXm∂n®p. ap∂n-sem-cmƒ s]tSm-amIvkv
Xe-bn¬ h®p \S-∂p. Abm-fpsS \ng-en\p
\ofw IqSpw-tXmdpw Ccp-´n\v Bgw IqSn.
Ccp -´n -en -cp∂v A⁄m-X-\mb arKw
AXns‚ \of≥\m-°p-Iƒ ]pd-tØ-°n-´p.
AXv apc-fp-∂p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. IdpØ cmXn-
bn¬ Nn∂n-sØ-dn® shfpØ apØp-I-sf-
t∏mse BIm-i-Øn¬ \£-X-߃ an∂n.
c≠p \mgnI A∏p-dØv aWm-t»-cn-bn-emWv
Bfp-Iƒ. sImSnb aW¬∏-c-∏n -eqsS
X∏nbpw XS™pw Ah¿ apt∂m-´m™p
\S-∂p. A_vZp-d-lvam\v ]Xn-hn-e-[nIw
D’m-l-am-bn-cp-∂p. apkven-wI-fpsS Zpc-h-
ÿ-sb-°p-dn®v At±lw \n¿ØmsX ]d-
™p. Ah-cpsS t]mcm -b va -Ifpw
t]m¿hnfnIfpw i‡nbpw Zu¿_eyhpw
FSpØp]d™p. kmln-_mWv ap∂n¬ \S-
∂-Xv. At±lw XnSp°w Iq´n. C\nbpw Hcp
\mgn-I-IqSn Ccp´p Xm≠-Ww. ]ns∂ aWm-
t»-cn-bm-bn. aWm-t»-cn-bnse sNØp-]m-X-
bn-emWv Im¿ \n¿Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. s]mSp-
∂s\ kmln-_n\p \S-Ø-Øn\v ]n≥Xp-S-
cm-\m-hmØ thKw IqSn. Iqcn -cp -´n¬
£oWn®p. a™-sh-fn®w ZpxJØns‚ IXn-
cp-I-fmWv ]Im-in-∏n-®-Xv. kmln-_n-s\m∏w
\S-s∂-Øm≥ Ah¿°m¿°p-am -bn√.
ssIbpw Imepw hoin B BPm-\p-_mlp
B™p-]n -Sn®p \S-°p -tºmƒ Hcmƒ
]d™p: ""kmbvth, H∂p ]Xps° \S-
°Ww. R߃°v kmbvhns\m-∏-sa-Øm≥
Ign-bp-∂n-√.'' kmln_v s]m´n-®n-cn-®p.
""\n߃s°-ßs\ F\n-s°m-∏-sa-Øm≥
Ignbpw? \n߃ \nß-fpsS hgn°p t]mIq.
Rm≥ Fs‚ hgn°p t]mI-s´.''
sh≈n-sh-fn®w Aßn-ßmbn hnX-dp∂
\£-X-߃ am\w -ap´n°nS -°p -∂p.
81
]]-©-an -s∂mcp Xd-hm-Smbn hc-ºp-Iƒ ImWm-Xmbn
$ ""\nß-tfmSv ]ecpw ]eXpw ]d™v sX‰n-≤-cn-∏n-°m-\p-≠m-Ipw. AsXm∂pw \n߃
tIƒ°-cp-Xv. Ab¬hm-kn-I-fmb lnµp-°-tfmSv \n߃ Hcn-°epw iXp-X-bn¬ h¿Øn-
°-cpXv.'' hm°p-I-fn-eq-sSbpw ]hr-Øn-bn-eq-sSbpw apl-ΩZv A_vZpdlva-m≥ \¬Inb
ktµ-i-߃ Fs¥m-s°-bm-Wv? t\mh¬ ]q¿W-ambpw hmbn-°p-I. IqSp-X¬ hnh-
c߃ tiJ-cn-°p-I.
$ aX-ku-lm¿Z-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ apl-ΩZv A_vZpdlva-ms‚ ImgvN-∏m-Sp-Iƒ°v C∂pw
]k-‡n-bp-≠-t√m. Cu hnj-b-sØ-°p-dn®v Hcp ]`m-jWw Xbm-dm-°mw.
$ ""\n߃s°-ßs\ F\n-s°m-∏-sa-Øm≥ Ignbpw? \n߃ \nß-fpsS hgn°v t]mIq.
Rm≥ Fs‚ hgn°v t]mIs´'' ˛ Cu hm°p-Iƒ IYm-k-µ¿`-Øn¬ \¬Ip∂ kqN-
\-I-sf-s¥m-s°-bmWv? N¿®sNøp-I.
$ ""A\-ßm-\m-Im-sX, H®bpw _l-fhpw tIƒ∏n-°msX HS-b-Øn¬ s\©Øp ssIh®v
Ccp-´n¬ Ccp-∂p. s\©n-t∏mƒ s]m´n-®n-X-dpw. IÆn-te°v Ccp-´-Sn®ptIdn. Hm¿a
h∂-t∏mƒ ho´n-\-IØv Bf-\-°-an-√. AIw iq\yw. kmbvhpw kwLhpw \S-∏m-X-
bn¬ A]-Xy-£-cm-Ip-∂p. s]tSm-am-Ivkns‚ shfn®w Ccp-´n¬ Xobn-X-fm-bn. HS-b-
Øn¬ t\sc t\m°n-bXv tai-∏p-d-tØ-°m-Wv. tkmk¿sIm≠p aqSnb I∏v AtX-
]Sn-bp-≠v. IpSn®pIgn-™-tijw h®-Xm-bn-cn-°pw. s\©n-\-IØv \Kmc ASn-®p.
Iq´nbn´ Itk-c-Iƒ ssIØm-ßm°n ]Xp-s°-∏-Xps° tai-∏p-d-sØ-Øn.''
hnIm-c-Xo-h-amb aplq¿Ø-߃ Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-tºmƒ Fgp-Øp-Im-cs‚ mj IqSpX¬
Be-¶m-cn-I-am-hp-∂-Xn\v DZm-l-c-WamWt√m Cu t\mh¬`mKw. t\mh-en¬ \n∂v
IqSp-X¬ kµ¿`-߃ Is≠Øn hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-I.
$ t\mh-ense \mbIIYm-]m-X-amb apl-ΩZv A_vZp-dlvams\-°p-dn®v Hcp Poh-N-cnX-
°p-dn∏v Xbm-dm-°p-I.
hensbmcp tKm]p-c-Øn\p Iosg Xq°n-bn´
\£-X-hn-f°pt]mse BImiw IS-en¬
ap´p-IpØn InS-°p-tºmgpw IcImWmsX
Iqcncp´v. Ah¿ Ipd®p Zqcw IqSn ]n∂n-´p.
aW¬∏-c-∏n¬ Im¬ hgp-Xp-∂p. F¶nepw
Ah¿ Bbm-k-s∏´p \S-∂p. DuXn-s°-Sp-
Øpw-t]mse s]tSm-am-Ivknse shfn®w
AW-™p. kmln-_n¬\n∂v A√m-lpth
F∂ a[p-c-\mZw tI´p. F√m-hcpw ]m™-
Sp-Øp. B henb icocw \ne-bn-√msX
hogp -∂p. Agn -I -fn -√mØ BImiw
Fs∂∂pw ImWm≥ A_vZp -d -lvam≥
aW¬®p-gn-bn-te°v ASn-sX-‰n, \ne-sX‰n
Du¿∂phoWp.
apl-ΩZv A–p-dlvam≥- ˛- Hcp t\mh¬
82
tIc-f-]m-Tm-hen ae-bmfw IX
Cu NnX-sØ-°p-dn®v Hcp Ipdn-s∏-gp-Xp-I.
cmPm -c-hn-h¿a
Pohn-Xm-h-ÿ-Iƒ Bhn-jvI-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ am[yaw kmlnXyw amX-amtWm?
83
]]-©-an -s∂mcp Xd-hm-Smbn hc-ºp-Iƒ ImWm-Xmbn
hnP-b-Ip-am¿ tat\m≥
Nn Xinev]-I-e -I-fn¬ \n›-e-amb
Hchÿ-b-√msX Ime-Øn-eq-sS-bp≈
hf¿®Iƒ bmsXm∂pw ]I¿Øm-\m-hn√
˛ an°-hmdpw F√m kmln-Xy-Nn-¥-I-
cpsSbpw A`n-]mbw CXm-Wv. kmln-Xyw,
kn\n-a, \mSIw F∂n-h-bp-ambn Xmc-X-ay-
s∏-Sp-Øp-tºmƒ CXv Ht´sd icn-bm-Wp-
Xm-\pw. NnXhpw inev]-hp-sams° ÿe-
Ie-I-fm-W-t√m˛ÿe-Øn¬ HXp-ßp∂
IeIƒ, As√-¶n¬ ÿe-Øns‚
i‡nbpw kzm[o-\hpw D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂
Ie-Iƒ.
ÿe-Øn¬ Imew ImWm≥ ]‰ptam? NnX-
Øn¬ ÿew \n›-e-am-W-t√m. Ne-\-an-
√mØ Imcy -Øn¬ Fßs\ Ne\w
ImWm≥ Ignbpw? H∂n-\p-tijw as‰m∂v
F∂-XmWv Ne-\w, Imew F∂nh
ASßnb BJym-\-Øn-ep-≈-Xv. IYm-I-Y-
\-Øn-emWv CXv ][m-\-am-Ip-∂-Xv. Nne
]mNo\ NnX -ß-fn¬ CXp -t]mse
BJym\w ImWmw. Hcp ]mNo\NnX-
Øn¬ G‰hpw Xmsg-bmbn sh≈-Øns‚
cq]-ap-≠v. AXn-\p-ap-I-fn¬ ]£n. G‰hpw
Db-c-Øn¬ Xp≈n-I-fmbn sh≈w hogp-∂p.
Xmsg \n∂p-b¿∂v sh≈w taL-am-hp∂p
F∂pw B sh≈w Xncn®v ag-bmbn `qan-
bn-se-Øp∂p F∂p-ap≈ NmInINe-\-
amWv Cu NnX-Øn-ep-≈-Xv. H∂n-\p-tijw
as‰m∂v F∂ Ime-]-hmlw ÿe-X-e-ß-
fpsS (levels of space) Iao-I-c-W-Øn-eqsS
BJym\w sNøp-I-bm-Wn-Xn¬. `mc-X-
Øn¬ hnhn[ `mK-ß-fnse BJym-\-Nn-X-
ß-fn¬ Imew F∂ LSIw Bhn-jvI-cn-
®n-´p-≈Xv IY-bn-e-S-ßn-bn-´p≈ Ime-sØ-
°qSn kqNn-∏n-®p-sIm-≠m-Wv. BJym\-
NnX-ßsf (narrative painting) amX-
amWv ChnsS ]cn -tim -[n -°p -∂Xv .
Aaq¿ØNnX-ß-fpsS ]T\-Øn\v Cu
coXn aXn-bm-In√. AXn\v B[p-\n-I-amb
coXn-imkvXw th≠n-h-cpw.
NnX-hmb\ Fß-s\-sbm-s°-bm-hmw?
NnXw 1
84
tIc-f-]m-Tm-hen ae-bmfw IX
a´m-t©cn sIm´m-c-Ønse tKmh¿[-t\m-
≤m-cWw F∂ ]Xn-s\´mw \q‰m≠nse
Nph¿®nXw t\m°p -I(NnXw˛1) .
ioIrjvW≥ Db¿Øn\n¬°p∂ ]¿h-X-
Øn-\-Sn-bn¬ kpc-£n-X-cmbn \n¬°p-I-
bmWv P\-߃. BZysØ _l-fhpw
tImem-l-ehpw Hs∂m-Sp -ßn -b-t∏mƒ
IrjvWs‚ ssIbn-en-cn-°p∂ ]¿hX-Øn-
\p-ap-I-fn¬ kzm`m-hnI im¥X ssIh-cn®p.
]e Znhkw IrjvW≥ ]¿hXw
Db¿Øn\n∂p-sh-∂mWv sFXn-lyw.
]¿hXw Db¿Øp∂ \nan-j-Øn-setbm
BZy-L-´-Øn-setbm Imcy-ß-f√ F∂p
kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-h-bmWv Cu Zriy-߃.
agbpw Cµs‚ _l-fhpw oXn-P-\-I-am-bn-
cp∂p F∂m-Wt√m IY. `b-N-In-X-cmbn
a\p-jycpw arK-ßfpw A`bw ]m]n-®-t∏m-
gm-Wt√m ]¿hXw IpS-bm-t°≠nh∂-Xv.
At∏m-gp-≠mb ]£p-_v[X hn´p-am-d-Ø-
°-hÆw kabw Iptd Ign™n-cn-°p-∂p-
sh-∂¿Yw.
NnX-Øn\v \mS-Io-bX IqSp-X-em-Wv. NnX-
Øn¬ CS-Xp-h-i-Øp -Xmsg Hcp hr≤
]Xps° Fgp-t∂¬°m≥ ian-°p-∂p.
t\ctØ Imcy-a-dn-™-hcpw thK-Øn-se-
Øm≥ Ign-™-hcpw kao-]-hm-kn-Ifpw
t\c-tØ-sbØn kpc-£n-X-Xz-t_m[w
]I-Sn-∏n-°p-∂-h-cmbn NnX-Øns‚ he-Xp-
h-iØp ÿm\w ]nSn-®n- p-≠v. ]mbtadnb
kvXosb \S-Øn-s°m-≠p-h-cm -\p≈
kabhpw Zqchpw Imc-W-am-Imw, hr≤
NnX-Øns‚ CS-Xp- m-KØv G‰hpw A‰-Øm-
Wv. a‰p-≈-h-tc-°mƒ Ipd®p sshIn
sb¶nepw hr≤-tb-°mƒ ap≥t] FØn-
t®-cm≥ km[n® Hcp kvXobpw Ip™pw
hr≤bpsS sXm´p- h-eXp`mK-Øp-≠v. B
AΩ Xmsg \n¬°p∂ Ip´nsb FSp-°m-
\p≈ ia-Øn-em-Wv. Cu kvXobm-IWw
hr≤bv°pw hr≤sb sIm≠p-h-∂-hƒ
F∂p Icp-Xm-hp∂ bph-Xn°pw sXm´p
ap≥]v kpc-£nX ÿm\-sØ-Øn-t®¿∂-
bmƒ. NnX-Im-c≥ B kvXo°p \¬In-bn-
´p≈ ÿew hr≤bpsSbpw bph-Xn-bp-
sSbpw sXm -SpØv he-Xp-h-i-Øm-Wv. NnX-
Øns‚ CS-Xp-h-i-Øp-\n∂p P\-߃ h∂v,
h∂-h¿ h∂-h¿ he-Xp-h-i-tØ-s°m-
Xpßn\n¬°p∂p F∂p t_m[y-s∏-Sp-
Øp∂ ÿe-˛-Im-e -Nn-X-L-S\bmWn-Xv.
arK-߃ ]¿hX-Øn\p apI-fn-em-b-Xn-\m¬
AhnsS kzm`m-hn-Im-¥-co£w kwPm-X-am-
b -tXmsS Ah-‰ -Iƒ Xß-fpsS
ss\k¿KnIInb-Iƒs°m-cp-ßn-°-gn-™p.
Iptd-t\cw Ccp -∂-Xns‚ imco -cn -Im -
kzmÿyw Imc-W-amImw, CS-Xp-h-isØ
hr≤ FWo-°m≥ ian-°-bm-Wv. hr≤-bpsS
apJØv Xs‚ IqsS-bp≈ bphXn \¬Ip∂
]cn-N-c-W-Øns‚ ku`mKyw A\p-`-hn-
°p∂ kt¥m-j-ap-≠v. bph-Xn-bpsS apJ-
Øm-I-s´, hr≤ Fgp-t∂¬°p-I-bmWv F∂
]cn-`-ahpw ImWmw.
Cu tKmh¿[-t\m-≤m-cWNnXw IY-bnse
Ah-km-\-Zn-hk kw`-h-a-√. ]¿hXw IpS-
bm-°nb BZy-Zn-hkw Xs∂ Ipd-®p-k-abw
Ign™ Hcp L -Ønse NnX-am-hmw. NnX-
]-X-e-Øn¬ P\-߃ Xnßn-hnßn \n¬°-
bm-Wv. C\n NnX-ÿ-eØv P\-ßsf
\n¿Øm-\n-S-an-√. NnX-Im-cs\ kw_-‘n-
®n-S-tØmfw Kma-hm-kn-I-sf√mw FØn-°-
gn-™p. \S-°m≥ ]bm-k-ap-≈-Xn-\m¬
kabw IqSp-X-em-h-iy-ap≈ hr≤-sb-°qSn
kpc-£n-X-ambn FØn-®-t∏m-tg°pw NnX-
ÿew ]q¿W-ambn. hr≤ h∂v Ccp-
∂ncp∂p Imep-I-g-®-Xn-\m¬ Hs∂-Wo-°p-
I-bm-hmw, Ct∏mƒ. AtX-t]mse Ip´nsb
FSp-°m≥ Xp\n-bp∂ AΩbpw GXm≠v
CtX-k-abw ImWn-°p-∂p. Iptd-t\cw
Xmsg-\n∂ Ip´n°v AΩ-bpsS H°-Øp-I-
b-dm≥ ka-b-am-bn. ]e-X-hW Ccp∂pw
\n∂pw Ign-bp-tºmtg IY-bn¬ ]d-bp∂
At\-I-Zn-h-k-߃ Xocq. AXn-\m¬ C°m-
Wp-∂Xv BZysØ Ccn∏pw Fgp-t∂¬∏p-
amWv F∂p ]d-bm\pw \nhr-Øn-bn-√. IY-
b -dn -bm -hp∂ ImWn -°-dnbmw, Ah-
km\\nanjw hsc kpc -£n -X -ambn
85
]]-©-an -s∂mcp Xd-hm-Smbn hc-ºp-Iƒ ImWm-Xmbn
Ah-c-hnsS Ccp∂pw FWo-‰p-\n∂pw Ign-
™p-sIm-≈p-sa∂ `mhn-bpw.
ÿe-Im-e-ß-fpsS Bhn-jvImcw IYm-I-Y-
\-Nn-X-Øn¬ ]hr-Øn-bpsS thKw ImWn-
°m-\p-X-Ipw. \n›-e-I-e-bn¬ thKw F∂
Ime-L-S-Ihpw mhhpw B am[y-a-km-[yX-
I-fn-eqsS tZymXn-∏n-°p-∂Xv ]e-hn-[-Øn-
em-Imw. ioIr-jvW\pw Iq´p-Imcpw shÆ
tamjvSn -°p∂ ]lmUn NnX -Øn¬
(NnXw˛2) CXp Zriy-am-Wv. ssXcp IS-bp-
∂Xv A¬]-t\cw \n¿Øn tKm]kvXo
ASpØ apdn-bn-se-Øn-bn-´n-√. hfsc thK-
Øn-em-b-Xp-sIm≠p apt∂m-´m™v ioLw
]mbp∂ Ah-fpsS icocw Hcp apdn-bpsS
hmXn¬∏Snbn¬ \n∂v ASp-Ø-Xn-te°p
IS-°p∂ hn[-amWv NnX-Im-c≥ hc-®n-´p-
≈-Xv. B sRmSn-bn-S-bn¬ Ipkr-Xn-Iƒ
shÆ tamjvSn-°m≥ Ib-dn-°-gn -™p.
tamjWw \√ ]cn-N-b-ap-≈-Xn-\mepw \nXy-
sØm-gn-em-b-Xn-\m-ep-am-hmw, thKw AXp
sN-øm≥ Ign -bp -∂p-≠-h¿°v. Dc-en´v
AXns‚ apI-fn¬ Hcp-h\pw Ahs‚
tXmfn¬ IrjvW\pw Hcp\nanjw sIm≠v
NmSn-°-b-dn-°-gn-™p. t]mcm! Ddn-bn¬
ssIbn´v shÆ-sb-SpØv Xmsg \n¬°p∂
as‰mcp Ipkr-Xn°v sImSp-Øp. Ah-\m-
Is´, Xs‚ ]pd-In¬ \n¬°p∂ Ipkr-
Xn°v AXp ssIam-dn-°-gn-™p. kvXo H∂p
amdnb B sNdnb ka-b-Øn-\p-≈n¬ Ddn-
bn¬ ssIbn -Sp -I -bp -am -Wv . shÆ
ssI\o´nhmßnb Ipc-ß\pw Ahs‚
ap∂n-ep≈ Ip´nbpw shÆ In´n-b-tijw
ssI ]n≥h-en-°pI IqSn sNømsX AtX-
t]m-se-Øs∂ ]nSn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. AX-
Ipd®p ka-bta Bbn-´p≈q. C\n c≠p-cp-
f-Iq-Sntb FSp-t°-≠q. H∂v IrjvW\pw
as‰m∂v IrjvWs\ tXmf -t؉n
\n¬°p∂ Ip´n-°pw. CtX- th-K-Øn¬
AXpw FSpØv Cu Ip´n-∏n-c-anUv Xmsg-bn-
d-ßpw. Cu ]hr-Øn-bnse Ipkr-Xnbpw
AXns‚ thKhpw ckn-I-Øhpw icn-bmbn
Bkz-Zn-°p-∂Xv Ipc-ß-\m-Wv. Ip´n-Iƒ
F√m-hcpw Kuc-h-tØmsS Imcyw sNøp-
tºmƒ Ipc-ß≥ AXv Bkz-Zn®v Xmsg
Ccn-°p-I-bm-Wv. NnXw I≠v Np≠n¬ aµ-
lmkw hncn-bp∂ ImWn°v an°-hmdpw
NnX-Øn¬ Ccp∂v Nncn-°p∂ Cu Ipc-
ßs‚ ÿm\-am-Wp-≈-Xv. tKm]kvXo Xncn-
s®-Øp-∂-Xn-\p-apºv tamj-Whpw Ign™v
ÿewhnSp∂ Intim-c-tI-fn-I-sf-°p-dn®v
`mc-X-Ønse an°-hmdpw F√m mj-I-fnse
Ihn-Ifpw hnh-cn-®n-´p-≠v. Ah-bn-se√mw
Xs∂ IrjvWs‚ tamj-W-Nm-Xp-cnbpw B
]hr-Ønbn¬ Intim-c-\p≈ kt¥m-jhpw
hm’-ey-tØmsS [mcmfw hnh-cn-®n-´p-≠v.
NnX-Ønepw tKm]kvXo H∂v Xncn-™-
tX-bp-≈q. At∏m-tg°pw Ip´n-∏n-c-an-Up-≠m-
°n, Dcp-f-Iƒ cs≠Æw FSpØv aq∂m-a-
tØ-Xn\p th≠n Ddnbn¬ ssIbn´p
Ign™ Ipkr-Xn-bpsS thK-amWv Zriy-I-
Y-\-Øns‚ kuIp-am-cy-Øn-eqsS ImWn°p
e`n-°p∂ ]p©n-cn-bp-sSbpw hm’-ey-`m-h-
Øn-s‚bpw tlXp. Ihn-Iƒ IrjvW-eo-e-
bpsS Bhn-jvImcw Imhy-am-[y-a-Øn-eqsS
sNbvX-t∏mƒ B `mhhpw ckn-I-Øhpw
NnXw 2
86
tIc-f-]m-Tm-hen ae-bmfw IX
$ "Dcp-f-°n-gßp Xn∂p-∂-h¿' F∂ NnX-Øns‚ kq£vam-wi-߃ Is≠Øn hymJym-
\n-®Xv i≤n-®-t√m. CXp-t]mse Pn]vkn-Iƒ F∂ NnXw hmbn-°q.
$ temI-]-kn-≤- ¢mknIvNnX-߃ Dƒs∏-SpØn Hcp NnX]Z¿i\w \S-Øp-I.
NnX߃ Bkz-Zn-°m≥ klm-bn-°p∂ Ipdn∏pw Xbm-dm-°-Ww.
Zriy-am-[y-a-Øn-eqsS sNbvXn-cn-
°-bm-Wn-Xn¬.
CØcw a\p-jy-`m-h-ß-sfbpw
Ime-sØbpw i‡-ambn Bhn-
jvI-cn-°m≥ temI-sa-ßp-ap≈
NnXIm-c∑m¿°v km[n-®n-´p-≠v.
temI-]-ikvX U®v NnX-Im-c-
\mb hn≥k‚ v hm≥tKm-Kns‚
(1853˛1890) Hcp krjvSn- anI®
DZm-l-cWamWv.
hm≥tKmKv 1885 ¬ cNn® "Dcp-f-
°n -gßp Xn∂p-∂-h¿' F∂
NnXw (NnXw˛3) Zcn-Z-cmb J\n-
Xs∂ t\m°p∂ ZpxJnX-bmWv Cu IYm-
]m-X-hpw. Cu kvXobpw ]pcp-j\pw B
IpSpw-_-Ønse ]mbwsN∂ AwK-ß-
fmWv. hr≤-cmb Ccp-h-scbpw Ah-cpsS
Nn¥-bn¬ \n∂p h¿Ø-am-\-Im-e-tØ°p
sIm≠p-h∂v Dcp-f-°n-g-sß-¶n¬ AXv
Ign°q F∂v t]cn -∏n -°p -I -bmWv
Ah¿°ncp-h¿°pw ASp-Øp-≈-h¿ sNøp-
∂-Xv. Ahsc t]cn-∏n-°p∂ Cu c≠p-t]¿
amX-amWv h¿Ø-am-\-Ime bmYm¿Yy-
Øn¬ Pohn-°p-∂-Xv. ImgvN-°m-cmb \ap°v
]pdwXncn™v CXn-s\√mw km£n-bmbn
\n¬°p∂ Ip´n-bmWv Cu Zcn-Z-Ip-Spw-_-
Ønse ASpØ Xe-ap-d-bn¬s∏´ `mhn-
sXmgn-em-fn. NnX-Ønse as‰mcp km£n
CsX√mw ImWp∂ Xq°p-hn-f-°pw.
sØm-gn-em-fn-I-fpsS Pohn-X-am-Wv. ]I¬
ITn-\m-[zm\w Ign™v cmXn Blmcw Ign-
°m-\n-cn-°p∂ Hcp IpSpw-_w. Ah¿°p Ign-
°m-\p-≈Xv Dcp-f-°n-g-ßp-am-Xw. NnXw
ImWp∂ \ΩpsS CS-Xp -`m -K -Øp≈
]pcpj≥ GtXm Btem-N-\-bn¬ apgp-In-
bn-cn-°p-∂p. XßfpsS Zmcn-Zy-sØ-°p-dn-
®m-IWw Nn¥. CXm-Wt√m F∂pw Xß-
fpsS ÿnXn F∂ `qX-˛-h¿Ø-am\ Ime-
ßfpw CXp-t]mepw \msf In´ptam F∂
`mhnbpw mhn-sb-°p-dn-®p≈ BImw-£bpw
B apJ-Øp-≠v. AXp i≤n-°p∂ kvXo°v
B a\- nse Nn¥ Adn-bm≥ Ign-bp-∂p≠v
F∂ t]mse-bmWv hm≥tKmKv hc-®n-´p-
≈Xv. AtX-t]mse Nn¥-bn¬ apgp-Inb
apJ-amWv NnXw ImWp∂ \ΩpsS he-Xp-
`m-K-Øp≈ kvXobp-tSXpw. X∂n-te-°p-
NnXw 3
59
`b-Iu-Sn -ey -tem-`-߃ hf¿°n-s√m-cp \m-Sns\
$ Cu kw`-h-sØ-°p-dn®v ]Xn-]m-Zn-°p∂ ]pkvX-I-Øn\v "Cuhnƒ G©¬kv' F∂
t]cv FX-amXw tbmPn-°p∂p?
a[y-h-b-kvI-\mb Hcp ]ptcm-ln-X\pw mcybpw aq∂p a°fpw Hgn-hp-Imew
BtLm-jn-°m-\mbn ae-©-cnhnse ]nIv\n°v kt¶-X-Øn-se-Øn. IpSpw-
_mw-K-߃ Xm¬°m-enI sS‚n\pap∂n¬ BSn-∏mSn BtLm-j-ß-fn¬
apgpIn. CSbv°v AΩ IqSm-c-Øn-\-IØv t\m°n-b-t∏mƒ, sXm´n-en¬ InS-
Ønb aq∂p-amkw ]mb-amb Ip™ns\ ImWm-\n-√. t\¿Ø Ccp-fn-eqsS
Hcp Im´p-\mb Ip‰n-°m-´n-te°v HmSnad-bp-∂Xv Nne¿ I-≠ncp∂p. Nq´pw
]¥-hp-ambn Bfp-Iƒ cmXn -ap-gp-h≥ Xnc-s™-¶nepw Ip™ns\ Is≠-
Øm-\m-bn-√. B IpSpw-_-Øns‚ ZpxJ-Øn¬ kaqlw apgp-h≥ ]¶p-sIm≠p.
CXn-\n-S-bn¬ Ip™ns\ ImWm-Xm-bXp kw_-‘n®v Dulm-t]m-l-߃
]c-∂p. ]Øp dmج Xq°whcp∂ Hcp Ip´nsb ISn-s®-Sp-Øp-sIm≠p
t]mIm≥ Im´p-\m-b°p Ign-bn-s√∂v Hcp P¥p-im-kvX-⁄≥ ]kvXm-h\
Cd-°n. ]X-ß-fpw sSen-hn-j≥ Nm\-ep-I-fpw kw`hw Gs‰-Sp-Øp. P¥p-im-
kvX-⁄-\p-ambp≈ A`n-ap-J-߃; Ah-cpsS IpSpw-_-_‘w inYn-e-am-
sW∂ Nne dnt∏m¿´p-Iƒ...
am[y-a-߃ hn[n-sb-gp-Xn˛AΩ Ip™ns\ sIm∂-Xp-X-s∂. Ah¿ Adkv‰v
sN-ø-s∏- p. ZpxJnX-bmb AΩ-bpsS samgn-I-fn¬ ]c-kv]csshcp-[y-ap-s≠∂v
hnNm-c-W-th-f-bn¬ tImSXn Is≠-Øn. Ah¿ sIme-°p-‰-Øn\v in£n-°-
s∏´p.
F´ph¿j-Øn-\p-tijw B Xmgvhc-bn¬ ImWm-Xmb Hcp Cw•ojv Sqdn-
Ãns\ At\z -jns®Ønb kwL-Øn\v tNmc -∏m -Sp -Ifp≈ Hcp
Ip™phkvXw In´n. AXn-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ At\z-jWw h¿j-߃°p apºv
ImWm-Xmb Ip™n-te°p \o≠p. hkvX-Øn¬ Im´p-\m-b-bpsS tImº-
√pIƒ ]Xn-™n-cp∂-Xmbn Xncn-®-dn-™p. ]p\-c-t\z-j-W-Øn¬ Ip™ns\
Im´p-\mb sIm≠p-t]m-b-Xm-sW∂v kwi-bm-Xo-X-ambn sXfn-bn-°-s∏-´p.
am[y-a-ßfmepw tImS-Xnbmepw Ip‰-hm-fn-sb∂p hn[n°s∏´ en≥U
tNw_¿sse≥ F∂ B AΩ F´ph¿j-Øn-\p-tijw Pbn¬tamNn-X-bmbn.
(1985¬ BkvtX-en-b-bn¬ \S∂ Cu kw`hw "Cuhnƒ G©¬kv' F∂
]pkvX-I-Øn\pw \nc-h[n Ahm¿Up-Iƒ t\Snb "ssI C≥ Z Um¿°v'
F∂ kn\n-abv°pw CXn-hr-Ø-am-hp-I-bp-≠m-bn.)
4
60
tIc-f-]m-Tm-hen ae-bmfw IX
tIc-f-°-c-bpsS Ncn-
X-Øn¬ kztZ-im-`n -
am\n ]Xm -[n -]¿
sI. cma-Ir-jvW-]n-≈-
bpsS (1878˛1916)
ÿm\w AXp-ey-am-Wv.
Xncp -hn -Xmw -Iq -d nse
cmPm-[n-Im-c-Øns‚bpw
tkh-I-hr-µ-Øn-s‚bpw
Agn-a-Xn-sbbpw Zpc-[n-
Imc]a-Ø-X-sbbpw
FXn¿Ø-Xn\v 1910-˛¬
\mSp-I-S-Ø-s∏´ kw -h-
amWv At± -lsØ
AJn-te¥ym ]i-kvX-
\m-°n-b-Xv. F¶nepw
At±-l-Øns‚ Bi-b-
ßfpw BZ¿i-ßfpw tIc-f -amsI
kzm[o\w sNep-Øp-Ibpw \mSp-I-S-Ø-en\p
tijw sIm®n-bnepw ae-_m-dn-ep-ambn
]n¬°me PohnXw \bn®v Xs‚ Pohn-X-
ZuXyw A`w-Kpcw XpS-cp-Ibpw sNbvX-Xn-
\m¬ At±-lsØ Hcp Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq-dp-
Imc≥ amX-ambn Npcp-°p-∂Xv Ncn-X-
ZrjvSym ]am-Z-am-bn-Øo-cpw. AXp-sIm-
≠mWv B[p\nI tIc-f-N-cn-X-Ønse
At±-l-Øns‚ ÿm\-sa-s¥∂v ]cn-tim-
[n-°m≥ ChnsS apXn-cp-∂-Xv.
sX°≥ tIc-f-Øns‚ sXt° A‰Øv
s\øm-‰n≥Ic Xmeq-°n¬ Hcp CS-Øcw
\mb¿Iq´p-Ip-Spw-_-ØnemWv cma-Ir-jvW-
]n≈ P\n-®-Xv. A—≥ s\øm-‰n≥Ic
t£X-Ønse ]qPmcn \c-knw-l≥t]m-‰n.
AΩ ap√-∏≈n ho´n¬ N°n-b-Ω. Xd-hmSp-
ho´nse Imc-W-h-cmb tIi-h-]n-≈-bpsS
kwc-£-W-bn-emWv
cma-Ir -jvW-]n≈
hf¿∂-Xv.
hnZym -e-b-Ønepw
tImtf-Pn-ep-w anX- m-
jn-bmbn HXp-ßnb
a´p-Im-c-\m-bn-cp∂p
cma-Ir-jvW-]n-≈.
Dd -°w -Xq -ßnbpw
aµ-\p -ambn Iq´p -
Imcpw A[ym-]-Icpw
At±-lsØ hne-bn-
cp-Øn. ]t£, ]co-
£ -Iƒs°ms°
]iw-km¿l-amb
Pbw. cma-Ir-jvW-
]n≈ saSn-°p-te-j≥ Pbn-®-t∏mƒ "B
Dd-°w-Xqßn Pbn-®p-sht∂m' F∂v Hcp
A[ym-]-I≥ A¤p-X-s∏´p tNmZn-®p-t]mbn
F∂pw ]d-b-s∏-Sp-∂p. AtX-Øp-S¿∂v
A\¥-c-hs\ Xs‚ sXmgn¬ klm-
bnbmbn- Iq-´Ww F∂pw Xs‚ aI-fpsS
apd-s®-dp-°-\mb Abmsf acp-a-I-\m-°-W-
sa∂pw Bin-®n-cp∂ AΩm-h≥ h°o¬
tIi-h-]n≈ Abmsf D]-cn-]-T-\-Øn-\mbn
Xncph-\-¥-]p-cØv cmP-Iob Iem-e-b-
Øn¬ tN¿Øp.
A¿[-au-\n-bmbn "Dd-°w-Xqßn'sbt∏mse
¢mkvap-dn-bpsS aqe-I-fn¬ HXpßn Nne-
t∏mƒ A[ym-]-Is‚ ]`m-jWw i≤n®pw
Nne-t∏mƒ Pme-I-Øn-eqsS ]pd-tØ°p
ZrjvSn- \´pw Ccp-∂n-cp∂ B Ipam-cs‚
D≈w hnIm-c-hn-Nm-c-ß-fm¬ ]£p-_v[-am-
bn-cp∂p F∂v BZy-amcpw Icp-Xn-bn-√.
A∂v e`y-am-bn-cp∂ ]pkvX-I-ßfpw ]X-
B[p-\nItIcfØns‚ Ncn-X-Øn¬
kztZ-im- n-am-\n-bpsS ÿm\w
]n. tKm-hn-µ-∏n≈
61
`b-Iu-Sn -ey -tem-`-߃ hf¿°n-s√m-cp \m-Sns\
am-kn-I-Ifpw AZ-ay-amb XrjvW-tbmsS
hmbn®p In´p∂ Adnhpw Np‰p-]m-Spw I≠pw
tI´pw In´p∂ hnh-c-ß-fp-amWv B bph-
hn-Zym¿Yn-bpsS a\-\Øn\pw aY-\-Øn\pw
hnj-b-am-bXv F∂Xpw A[n-I-amcpw Adn-
™n-cp-∂n-√. F∂m¬, AsXms° D≈n¬
HXp°n Xs‚ a\-\-Øn\pw [ym\-Øn-\p-
ambn tiJ-cn®phbv°p∂ ]Ir-X-am-bn-cp-
∂n√ cma-Ir-jvW-]n-≈-bp-tS-Xv. Iuam-cm-cw -
Ønte Ihn-X-bnepw teJ-\-hn-Zy-bnepw
hncp-Xp-Im- m≥ XpS-ßn-bn-cp∂ cma-Ir-jvW-
]n≈ Xm≥ I≠pw tI´pw Adn-™Xpw
hmbn®v Kln-®Xpw Nn¥n®v sNs∂-Øn-
b-Xp-sa√mw hnhn[ ]X-am-kn-IIƒ°v
FgpXn Ab®pXpS-ßn. ]eXpw A®-Sn®v
h∂p. Ah-bvs°√mw In´nb A¬∏-]-Xn-
^-e-߃ timjn® Xs‚ Ioisb A¬∏-
sa -¶nepw ho¿∏n -°m≥ DX-Ip -Ibpw
sNbvXp.
A\-¥-c-hs‚ Cu hI A`ym-k-߃
AΩm-h\v Xosc cpNn-®n-s√∂v ]d-tb-≠-
Xn -√-t√m. A°m-eØv s\øm-‰n≥Ic
tImSXn-bnse ap≥kn-^v, h°o-e-∑m-cn¬
\n∂pw I£n-I-fn¬\n∂pw tImgn, ap´,
t\¥-°mb, apdp°v, ]Y-a≥ XpSßn
]eXpw ]Xn-hmbn ssI∏‰n AX-n\-\p-
kcn®v Pmay-a-\p-h-Zn-°p-Ibpw hn[n -]-kvXm-
hn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp-h-∂Xv A∂m- n¬ Hcp
cl-ky-a-√m-bn-cp-∂p. "ae-bmf at\mca'
bnse "s\øm-‰n≥Ic IØm'bn AXv A®-
Sn®ph∂-t∏mƒ hnh¿W-\mb ap≥kn^v
h°o¬ tIi-h-]n-≈sb tNw_dn¬ hnfn®v
A\-¥-c -hs‚ tXm∂ym -ksØ ap≥
\n¿Øn iIm-cn-®p. tIi-h-]n≈ AtX
iImcw ho´n-seØn A\-¥-c-h\pw sImSp-
Øp. amX-a-√, ¢mkv Ign™v IrXy-ambn
ho´n-se-Øn-bn-s√-¶n¬ ^ew At∏mƒ
ImWm-sa∂ Xm°oXpw \¬In; teJ-\-
hnZy DS≥ Ah-km-\n-∏n®psIm≈-W-sa∂
DK-im-k-\-hpw. DK-im-k\w ewLn®p
F∂p hcp-ØmsX IrXy-k-a-bØp ho´n-
seØn "acym-Z-cm-a-' \mbn \S-∂p-sIm≠v
A\-¥-c -h≥ Xs‚ CjvS -hym -]mcw
\n¿hnLv\w A\p-jvTn-®p-sIm-≠n-cp∂p
F∂Xv as‰mcp Imcyw.
1894˛¬ cmP-Iob Iem -e -b -Ønse
hnZym¿Yn-bmbn Cu ]Xn-\mdpImc≥ FØp-
tºmtg°pw hmb-\-°m-c\pw Fgp-Øp-Im-
c\pw ]X-]-h¿Ø-I\pw F∂ -\n-e-bn¬
]mb-Øn¬ Ihn™ ]Iz-X-bp≈ Hcm-fm-
bn-Øo-¿∂ncp∂p kvacy-]p-cp-j≥. kw`-h-
ß-fp-sSbpw hm¿Ø-I-fp-sSbpw ]`-h-ÿm-
\-am-bn-cp∂ cmP-[m-\n-bnse kz-X-¥m-¥-
co£w s\øm-‰n≥I-c-bnse izmkw-ap-´n-
°p∂ hne-°p-I-fn¬ \n∂p hnap-‡n-
t\Sm≥ Abmƒ°v klm-b-I-am-bn. ]e
kplr-Øp-°ƒ, ]e FXn-cm-fn-Iƒ, ]e
A]-cn-Nn-X¿, ]n≥kn-∏¬ an®¬ kmbn∏v,
alm-\mb F.B¿.-cm-P-cm-P-h¿a, ]fin-X-
\mb cma-°p-dp∏pap≥jn XpS-ßnb A[ym-
]-Iti-jvT-∑m¿, ]n¬°m-eØv Xncp-hn-Xmw-
Iq¿NcnX-Øn¬ sslt°m-SXn PUvPn-
amcpw alm-I-hn-I-fpw kmln-XycknI-
∑mcpw s]mXp-P-\-t\-Xm-°fpw a‰p-ambn
Db¿∂ Nß-\m-t»cn ]c-ta-iz-c≥]n-≈,
D≈q¿ F-kv. ]-c-ta-iz-c-ø¿, ]n.sI.-\m-cm-
b -W-]n≈ HSp -hn¬ Ip™n-Ir -jvW-
tat\m≥ XpS-ßnb kXo¿Yy¿; tImtf-Pn\v
]pd-sØ-¶nepw kmln-Xy-tem-I-Ønepw
hnZym-`ym-k-cw-KØpw alm-km-∂n-[y-am-bn-
cp∂ kmln-Xy-km¿h-`u-a≥ tIc-f-h¿a
hen-b -tIm-bn-Ø-ºp-cm≥, s]mXp-P-\-
t\Xmhpw BJym-bn-Im-Im-c-\p-am-bn-cp∂
kn.hn.cma≥]n≈˛F¥n-t\sd ]d-bp∂p,
B al¬kwK-a-Øn-te-°mWv Dƒ\m-´p-
Imc≥ ]ø≥ FØn-s∏-´ -X v . CXn -
\IwXs∂ A]-I-S-I-chpw hcp-am\w Ipd-
™-Xp-amb Xs‚ Pohn-X-ZuXyw an°-hmdpw
Xocp-am-\n®pIgn-™n-cp∂ B sNdp-∏-
°mc\v Xe-ÿm-\-\-K-cn-bpsS ]Xm-]-
Øntem kl-]m-Tn-I-fpsS al-Øzm-Imw-£-
bntem `aw tXm∂n-bn-√. Ahn-sSbpw [¿a-
\n-jvT-amb Xs‚ ]X-]-h¿Ø\w Du¿P-
kz -e-ambn XpS-cp -I-bmWv sNbvX-Xv.
62
tIc-f-]m-Tm-hen ae-bmfw IX
AXn\nSbv°v cma-Ir-jvW-]n≈ tamln-®n-
cp∂ Hcp ]Zhn hoWp-In- n; "tIc-f-Z¿∏Ww'
F∂ Hcp hm¿Øm]Xn-I-bpsS ]Xm-[n-
]-Xyw. CX-Iq-Sn-bm-b-t∏mƒ AΩm-h≥
tIi-h-]n≈ h°o-ens‚ £a-sI-´p.
A\¥c-h≥ cma-Ir-jvW-]n-≈sb At±lw
Xd-hm-´n¬ \n∂p ]pd-Øm°n. kmº-Øn-
I-ambpw a‰pw AsXmcp ]l-c-am-bn-cp∂p
F¶nepw cma-Ir-jvW-]n≈ AXpw, cmP-[m-
\n-bn-se-Øn-b-Xn\p tijw A\p-`-h-s∏-
Sm≥ XpS-ßn-bn-cp∂ kzmX-¥y-Øns‚
as‰mcp ]S-hmbn ]cn-K-Wn--®p.
21˛mw hb- n¬ cma-Ir-jvW-]n≈ "tIc-f-
Z¿∏W'Øns‚ ]Xm-[n-]Xyw Gs‰-Sp-°p-
tºmƒ 20˛mw \q‰m≠v Bcw-`n-°m≥ Hcp
h¿jw _m°n. kzmX-¥y-k-a-c-Ønse
]pXn-b-L- w. Igvk¨ ]`p-hns‚ _wKmƒ
hn`-P-\w, C¥y≥ \mj-W¬ tIm¨K-
nse D¬]-Xn-jvWp-°fpw anX-hm-Zn-Ifpw
XΩn-ep≈ ]nf¿∏v, _me-Kw-Km-[-c-Xn-e-
Ins‚ \mSp-I-S-Øepw emem- e-Pv]-Xvdm-bn-
s°-Xn-cmb cmP-tZmlt°kpw ˛ Cu
]d™ an° Imcy-ß-sf-°p-dn®pw A°m-
esØ as‰mcp ]Xhpw ]kn-≤o-I-cn-
°mØ, as‰mcp ]X-]-h¿Ø-I\pw Fgp-
Xm-Ø FXtbm Imcy-߃ cma-Ir-jvW-
]n≈ At±lw ]h¿Øn-®n-cp∂ HºXp
]X-am-kn-I-I-fn¬ Fgp-Xn-bn- p-≠v. IqSmsX
tZiob]ÿm-\ -Øn¬ A°m-eØv
] k n ≤ - \ m - - b n - Ø o ¿ ∂ n - ´ n - √ m Ø
taml≥Zmkv IcwNµv (]n¬°m-eØv
almflm) Km‘n-bpsS Poh-N-cn - Xw,
tkmjy-en-k-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ ]e teJ-\-
߃°p ]pdsa C¥y≥ mj-I-fn¬ BZy-
ambn cNn-°-s∏´ Imƒ am¿Ivkns‚ Poh-
N-cnXw apX-em-b-hbpw cma-Ir-jvW-]n-≈-
bpsS hniz-hym-]-I-amb ho£-W-Øn-
s‚bpw Adn-hn-s‚bpw \nZ¿i-\-ß-fm-Wv.
Hº-Xp ]X-ß-fn¬ cma-Ir-jvW-]n≈
]h¿Øn-®n-cp-∂p. Hcp kzX-¥-te-J-I≥
F∂ \ne-bn¬ kvIqƒhnZym-`ym-k-Imew
apXte ]h¿Øn-®p -h∂ At±lw,
21˛masØ hb- n¬ "tIc-f-Z¿∏W'Øns‚
]Xm-[n-]-cm-bn. tIcfZ¿∏Ww hn´-tijw
"tIcf]-©nI', "ae-bmfn', tIc-f≥' F∂o
]X-ß-fpsS ]Xm-[n-]-ÿm\w amdn-amdn
cma-Ir-jvW-]n≈ hln-®p. F¥p-sIm≠v
Ch-bn¬ NneXv \n∂p-t]m-bn, F¥p-sIm≠v
cma-Ir-jvW-]n≈ Nne-Xp-ambn sX‰n-∏n-
cn™p Fs∂m∂pw ChnsS hnh-cn-°p-
∂n√. Hcp ][m-\ -Im-cWw cma-Ir-jvW-
]n-≈-bpsS cmjvSo-b-\n-e-]m-Sp-I-fn¬ DS-a-
ÿ¿°p-≠mb n∂m- n-]mbw Xs∂. cmPm-
[n-]-Xy-sØbpw cmP-tk-h-I-∑m-scbpw
hna¿in-°p-∂-Xn¬ Ah¿°v `bw D≠m-bn-
cp-∂p. HSp-hn¬ ]mfin-Xy-hpw ]cn-jvI-c-
Wm-`n-ap-Jy-hpw ss[cyhpw HØp-tN¿∂
Hcp alm-]p-cp-js\ cma-Ir-jvW-]n-≈bv°v
klm-bn-bmbn e`n-®p. tIcf \thm-∞m-\-
Øns‚ Ncn-X-Ønse AK-K-Wy-cpsS \nc-
bn¬s∏´ h°w A_vZp¬Jm-Z¿ aue-hn-
bm-bn-cp∂p (1873˛1932) AXv. io\m-cm-b-
W-Kp-cp-hns‚ kplrØpw kvXohn-Zym-`ym-
k-Øns‚ t]m’mlI\pw aZkmhnZym-
`ym-ksØ B[p-\nI hnZym-`ym-k-hp-ambn
tIm¿Øn-W-°nb ]cn-jvI¿Ømhpw _lp-
`mjm ]fin-X-\p-am-bn-cp∂ h°w auehn
\SØnh∂ ]X-amWv "kztZ-im-`n-am\n.'
Xms\m-cn-°epw ]Xm-[n-]-cpsS kzmX-¥y-
Øntem ]X-Øntem ]X-Øns‚ \S-Øn-
∏ntem CS-s]-Sp-I-bn√ F∂v cma-Ir-jvW-
]n-≈bv°v Dd∏p \¬Ip-Ibpw cmP-tIm-]-
sØ-t∏mepw hI-h-bv°msX B hmKvZm\w
]men-°p-Ibpw sNbvX Hcp [ocm-flm-hm-
bn-cp∂p auehn. HSp-hn¬ i¶-c≥Xºn XpS-
ßnb Agn-a-Xn-°m-cmb cmP-tk-h-I-∑m-cp-
sSbpw Znhm≥ cmP-tKm-]m-em-Nm-cnsb
t]mep≈ DtZym-Kÿ Zpjv]- p-°-fpsSbpw
D]-Pm-]sØ XpS¿∂v 1910 sk]vXw-_¿
26 \v "kztZ-im-`n-am\n' ]Xhpw ] pw
I≠p-sI- p-Ibpw ]Xm-[n-]sc \mSp-I-S-Øp-
Ibpw sNbvX--t∏mgpw auehn N©e
NnØ\m-bn√.
63
`b-Iu-Sn -ey -tem-`-߃ hf¿°n-s√m-cp \m-Sns\
cma-Ir--jvW-]n≈ "tIc-f-Z¿∏W'Øns‚
]Xm -[n -] -cmbn Npa -X -e -tb-‰ -tijw
FgpXnb BZysØ apJ-]-kwKw Xs∂
"]X-ß-fpsS Npa-Xe' F∂-Xm-Ip-∂p.
]n∂oSv ]Xm-[n-]Xyw hln® ]X-ß-fn-
se√mw ]e-X-hW Cu hnj-b-ß-fn-te°v
At±lw Xncn-s®-Øn-bn-´p≠v -˛ "s]mXp-P-
\-Zm-k-∑mcpw h¿Ø-am-\-]-X-ßfpw,' "Hcp
]Xm-[n -]-tbm-K-Øns‚ Bh-iy-IX,'
"aebmf ]X-ß-fpsS teJ-I-∑m¿'
XpSßnbh "tIc-f-]-©nI'bnse apJ-]-
kw-K-ß-fm-Wv. ]n∂oSpw Cu hnj-b-Øn-
te°v At±lw Xncn-®p-h-∂p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p.
\mSp-I-S-Ø-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn\v F´pamkw apºv
1910 P\p-hcn 5˛mw Xob-Xn-bnse "kztZ-im`n-
am\n'bn¬ Fgp-Xnb "Fs‚ \mSp-I-S-ج'
F∂ teJ-\-Øn¬ ]d-bp -∂Xv ]X-
]h¿Ø-\-sØ-°p -dn -®p≈ F°me
sØbpw \oXn-hm-Iy-ß-fmWv.
""[¿aw, kXyw apX-emb k¬]-am-W-ßsf
PohnXamXr-I-I-fmbn Kln®v A[¿aw,
AkXyw apX-em-b-hsb h¿Pn-°p-∂-h¿°v,
GXp Imcm-Kr-lhpw Imcm-Kr-l-am-I-bn-√,
]m]w sNbvX a\- nt\ Np‰p-ap≈ Nph-cp-
I-fpsS at[y Imcm-Kr-lsØ i¶n-°p-hm≥
kwK-Xn-bp-≈q. AX-bp-a-√, Cu `qtem-
IsØ GXp Kh-s◊‚n\pw Hcp-hs‚ ico-
c-sØ-b-√m-sX, a\- ns\ XS-hn-en-Sp-hm≥
A[n-Im-c-an-√, i‡n-bp-an-√. Cuizcs\
I√pw ac-hp-a-√msX [¿aw, kXyw apX-em-
b-h-bpsS kt¶-X-amb ]c-_-“-ambn
[ym\n-°p-∂-h¿°v icocw \n m-c-hpw,
Bflm-hns\ A[¿a-ß-fpsS tIfo-cwK-amb
`qan-bn¬ \n∂v \mSp-I-S-Øp∂Xv FXtbm
B\-µ-]-Zhpw BIp-∂p. AXn-\m¬ Xncp-
hn-Xmw-Iq¿ kwÿm-\-Øns‚ Io¿Ønsb
l\n-®n-cn-°p∂ cmP-tk-h-I-∑m-cpsS Agn-
a-Xn-I-fpsS t\¿°p≈ ]Xn-tcm-[-Øn¬,
Ah-cpsS Bin-X-∑m-cmb DtZym-K-ÿ-
∑mcn¬ \nt∂m at‰m t\cn -Sm -hp∂
hn]Øp-Iƒ F\n°p `oj-W-ß-f-√m.''
"kztZ-im-`n-am\n'bpsS \mSp-I-S-Ø-ens‚
100˛mw hm¿jnIw BN-cn-°p-tºmƒt∏mepw
Cu ]cm-a¿i-߃ C∂sØ `qcn-]£w
]X-߃°pw ]pXp-Xmbn cwK-]-thiw
sNbvXn-cn-°p∂ Ce-IvtSm-WnIv am[y-a-
߃°pw _m[-I-at√ F∂p \mw kzbw
tNmZn-®p-t]m-hp-∂p.
$ ""ae-bmf ]X-]-h¿Ø\Ncn-X-Ønse Hcp [oc-amb A[ym-b-amWv kztZ-im- n-am\nbp-
tS-Xv. hm¿Ø-Iƒ hmb-\-°m-cn¬ FØn°pI F∂ ]mY-anI I¿Ø-hy-Øn-\-∏pdw
ae-bm-f-Øn-em-Zy-ambn ]X-ßsf cmjvSob˛kmaqlyhna¿i-\-Øns‚ thZn-bm-°nbXv
kztZ-im-`n-am-\n-bmWv.''
tUm.sI.-F≥. ]Wn-°¿
""ZpxJßfpw C—m- w-K-ßfpw sIm≠mWv \ΩpsS Pohn-XsØ Af-t°-≠-sX-∂-dnbpI.
\ΩpsS Pohn-X-bm-X-bnse \mgn-I-°-√p-Iƒ ta¬∏-d-™-h-bm-Wv. F\n°p h-Xn-tb-
°mƒ aq∂p- \mep sIm√sØ temI-]-cn-NbwIqSn D≠v. Cu Npcp-ßnb Bbp-jvIm-
e-Øn-\p-≈n¬ Fs¥ms° t¢i-ßfpw C—m-`w-K-ßfpw ]cm-P-b-ß-fp-amWv t\cn-´n-´p-
≈-sX∂p Rm≥ Adn-bn-®n-´p-≠-t√m. ]t£, AXp-sIm-s≠m∂pw a\ p shdpØp
au\n-bm-bn-cn-°m≥ Rm≥ hnNm-cn-°p-∂n-√. Hscm‰ C—m-`w-KsØ ASn-ÿm-\-s∏-
SpØn hne-tb-dnb Bbp- ns\ A[-\y-ambn Ign-®p-Iq-´m≥ Dt±-in-°p-s∂-¶n¬
AsXmcp henb ]m]I¿a-am-sW∂p ]d-bm≥ Rm≥ aSn-°p-∂n-√... h\-]p-jv]sØ
t∏mse Pohn-XsØ \ncp-]-tbm-K-am-°n-Øo¿°m-Xn-cn-°p-I. Cu auVy-Øn¬ \n∂p
`hXnsb DW¿Øp-hm≥ F\n°p km[n-°p-sa∂p \n›-b-ap-≠v. `h-Xn°v Ct∏m-gp-
≈-Xn¬ IqSp -X¬ ]Z-hntbm [\tam kpJtam \¬Im≥ Rm≥ Ct∏mƒ
64
tIc-f-]m-Tm-hen ae-bmfw IX
Ai‡≥Xs∂. t¢i-]q¿W-amb Hcp Pohn-X-Øn¬ ]¶p-sIm-≈p-hm-\mWv Rm≥
£Wn-°p-∂Xv. F∂m¬, Im¿ta-L-]-S-e-߃°n-S-bn-eqsS ImWp∂ cP-X-tc-J-
Iƒt]mse, t¢i-tim-Im-Zn-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ \mw A\p-`-hn-°m-\n-S-bp≈ kpJ-kw-Xr-
]vXn-Iƒ FXtbm sa®-ta-dn-b-h-bm-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v A\p-`hw sIm≠p a\- n-em-Ipw.''
hymg-h-´-kva-c-W-Iƒ ˛ cma-Ir-jvW-]n≈bpsS IØv ˛ _n. IeymWn AΩ
""At±lw DtZym-K-ÿ≥amsc hna¿in-®p. Ah-cpsS Agn-a-Xn-Iƒ Xpd∂pIm´n.
sIm´mcwtkh-Isc A[n-t£-]n-®p. Ah-cpsS Zpcm¿Pn-X-hn-Ø-Øns‚ IY-Iƒ shfn-
®-Øp-sIm≠ph∂p. Ah¿°p sNhn-sIm-Sp-°p-∂-Xp-hgn cmPmhp Xs∂ A]-Y-Øn¬
k©-cn-°p-I-bm-sW∂p ]d-™p. Znhms‚ \S-]SnZqjy-ßsf Nq≠n-°m-Wn-®p. CØcw
Znhm-∑m¿ cmPy-Øn-\m-]-Øm-sW∂p ]d-™p. kap-Zm-b-Øns‚ D]-cn-Xe-Øn¬ h¿Øn-
°p-∂-h-cp-sS Bcm-[-\m]mX-ß-fmb I]Sk∂ymknamsc Ah-cpsS Znhyi‡n
]Z¿in-∏n-°p-hm≥ sh√phnfn-®p. Npcp-°-Øn¬, P\-ß-fpsS Ah-Im-i-߃°p-th≠n
A[n-Im-cn-I-tfmSp s]mcp-Xp-hm≥ XqenI ]S-hm-fm-°n, cma-Ir-jvW-]n-≈. Cu \q‰m-
≠ns‚ XpS-°-Øn¬, cmP-hmgvN \S-°p∂ Hcp \m´p-cm-Py-Øn¬ At±lw ImWn®
[ocX A\p-I-c-Wo-bhpw amXr-Im-]-chp-am-bn-cp-∂p.''
sI. cm-a-Ir-jvW-]n≈: Nn¥-I\pw ]X-]-h¿Ø-I\pw ˛ ]h\≥
$ ]n. tKmhn-µ-∏n-≈-bpsS teJ-\hpw kztZ-im-`n-am\n cmaIrjvW-]n-≈-sb-°p-dn-®p≈
Cu \nco-£-W-ßfpw Xmsg sImSp-Øn-cn-°p∂ kqN-\-Ifpw ]tbm-P-\-s∏-SpØn
At±-l-Øns‚ kw`m-h-\-Isfbpw Pohn-X-Z¿i-\-sØbpw kw_‘n® D]-\ymkw
Xbmdm-°p-I.
hy‡n-_-‘-ß-sf-°mƒ kmaq-lnI]ptcm-K-Xn°p \¬Inb Du∂¬
]pXn-b- tem-I-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ ImgvN-∏mSv
]X-]-h¿Ø-\sØ kw_-‘n® \ne-]m-Sp-Iƒ
$ ""A°m-eØv s\øm-‰n≥Ic tImS-Xn-bnse ap≥kn-^v, h°o-e-∑m-cn¬ \n∂pw I£n-
I-fn¬\n∂pw tImgn, ap´, t\¥-°mb, apdp°v, ]Y-a≥ XpSßn ]eXpw ]Xn-hmbn
ssI∏‰n AX-n\-\p-k-cn®v Pmay-a-\p-h-Zn-°p-Ibpw hn[n -]-kvXm-hn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp-
h-∂Xv A∂m-´n¬ Hcp cl-ky-a-√m-bn-cp-∂p. "ae-bmf at\m-ca'bnse "s\øm-‰n≥Ic
IØm'bn AXv A®-Sn®ph∂-t∏mƒ hnh¿W-\mb ap≥kn^v h°o¬ tIi-h-]n-
≈sb tNw_-dn¬ hnfn®v A\-¥-c-hs‚ tXm∂ym-ksØ ap≥\n¿Øn iIm-cn-®p.''
]Xn-\mdp hb- n\p apºp Xs∂ Xs‚ Np‰p-]mSpw \S-°p∂ A\o-Xn-Isf Xpd∂p
Im´m≥ cma-Ir-jvW-]n≈ ian-®n-cp∂p F∂v Cu kw`hw sXfn-bn-°p-∂p-≠v. kmaq-
lnI]iv\-ßsf s]mXp-P-\-i-≤-bn¬ sIm≠p-h-cp∂ CØcw IØp-Iƒ C∂pw
\ΩpsS h¿Ø-am\]X-ß-fn¬ hcm-dp-≠t√m. \n߃°v ]k-‡-sa∂p tXm∂p∂
IØp-Iƒ Is≠Øn ¢mkn¬ Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-I. \nß-fpsS Np‰p-]m-Sp-I-fn¬ ImWp∂
Aln-X-sa∂p tXm∂p∂ GsX-¶nepw Hcp ]iv\sØ ap≥\n¿Øn ]Xm-[n-]¿°v
IØp Xbm-dm-°p-I.
65
`b-Iu-Sn -ey -tem-`-߃ hf¿°n-s√m-cp \m-Sns\
$ ""A`n-]mbkzmX¥yw Hcp ]X-Øns‚ P∑m-h-Im-i-am-sW∂ XØzw cma-Ir-jvW-
]n≈ apdpsI∏nSn-®n-cp-∂p. kzIm-cy-Po-hn-X-Øn¬t∏mepw kzmX-t¥y-—sb \ntcm-[n-
°p∂ i‡n-Isf FXn¿°p-hm≥ At±lw aSn-Im-Wn-®n√.''
kztZ-im-`n-am\n ˛ Poh-N-cnXw ˛ sI. `m-kvI-c-]n-≈
]X-]-h¿Ø-\-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ cma-Ir-jvW-]n-≈-bpsS ImgvN-∏m-Sn\v C∂pw ]k‡n-
bpt≠m? en≥U tN-w_¿sses\t∏m-ep-≈-h¿°p-≠mb A\p- -h-߃ IqSn ]cnKWn-
®p-sIm≠v \nß-fpsS \nK-a-\-߃ DNn-X-amb DZm-l-c-W-ß-fpsS ]n≥_-e-tØm-sS
Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-I.
$ ""ae-bmf]X-ß-fpsS Ct∏m-gsØ Ahÿ bmsXmcp hn[-Ønepw «mL-\o-b-am-bn-
cn-°p-∂-Xn-s√∂v ]e k÷-\-ßfpw ]kw-Kn-°p-∂p-≠v. CXns‚ tlXp FX-Xs∂
km[p-hm-bn-cn-°-s´, CXn¬ Gd-°ptd hmkvXhw A¥¿ -hn-®n- p-s≠∂v \n¿a-’cmb
Gh¿°pw kΩ-Xn-°m-Xn-cn-°m≥ ]mSn-√. h¿Ø-am-\-]-X-ß-fpsS IrXy-an-∂-sX∂pw
AIr-Xy-an-∂-sX∂pw Kln-°p-∂-Xn\v \ΩpsS CS-bn¬ ]e Bfp-Ifpw CtX-hsc
]m]vX-cm-bn-´n-s√∂v ImWp-∂XpXs∂-bmWv CXn-te°v apJy-am-bn-´p≈ km£yw.
Aßs\ Ah¿ A]m-]vX-cm-hm-\p≈ tlXp tIhew Ah-cn¬ \n∂p amXw D≠m-
b-X-s√∂v ss[cy-k-taXw ]kvXm-hn-°m-hp-∂XmWv. mjm-]-X-ß-fpsS ]Nmcw FX-
Imew A[¿a-k-c-Wn-bn-eqsS Bbn-cp-∂pthm, AX-bpw- Imew Cuhn[-samcp
hmkvXh-K-l-W-an-√mbva Ah-cpsS D≈n¬ \n∂v \oßn-t∏m-Ip-sa∂v Icp-Xp-hm≥
am¿K-an√.''
21˛mw hb- n¬ tIc-f-Z¿∏-W-Øns‚ ]Xm-[n-]Xyw Gs‰-Sp-Øp-sIm≠v cma-Ir-jvW-
]n≈ BZysØ apJ-]-kwKw XpS-ßn-bXv C]-Im-c-am-bn-cp-∂p. \qdntesd h¿jw
apºv Fgp-X-s∏´ Cu apJ-]-kw-K-Øns‚ `mj i‡hpw sXfn-hp-‰-Xp-ambn A∂v
IW-°m-°-s∏-´n-cp-∂p. C∂sØ ]X-ß-fn¬ hcp∂ apJ-]-kw-K-ß-fnse `mj-bp-
ambn Xmc-Xayw sNbvXv ]gb `mjm-co-Xn-bpsS khn-ti-j-X-Iƒ Is≠-Øp-I.
cmaIrjvW-]n-≈-bpsS apJ-]-kw-K-Ønse Bi-b-߃ C∂sØ mj-bn-te°p am‰n-
sb-gp-Xp-I.
66
tIc-f-]m-Tm-hen ae-bmfw IX
]pXnb BImiw ]g-b- `qan
sk_m-Ãy≥ t]mƒ
NcnXsØ krjvSn-°p-∂Xpw \bn-°p-
∂Xpw \nb-¥n-°p-∂Xpw Bi-b-ß-fm-Wv.
Bi-b-ßsf kwh-ln-°p-∂Xv A£-c-ß-
fm-Wv. A£-c-Øns‚ A£-b-amb i‡n
Adn-™-h-cmWv hmfn-t\-°mƒ i‡n
Xqen -I -bv°p -s≠∂p Is≠-Øn-bXv .
_bW-‰p-I-sf-°mƒ ]X-ßsf `b-s∏-Sp-
Ibpw A°mcyw Xpd∂p]d-bp -Ibpw
sNbvX BfmWv s\t∏m-fn-b≥. F¬_-
bn¬ XS-hp-Im-c-\m-bn-cp∂ s\t∏m-fn-bs\
sNIp-Øm≥ F∂p hnti-jn-∏n® ]X-߃
A[n -Imcw hos≠-Sp -°m≥ ]Xn -
tcm[an√msX At±lw ]mco-kn-te°p
]th-in-®-t∏mƒ _m\¿io¿j-I-Øn¬
NI-h¿Øn F∂ hnti-j-W-tØmsS
kzmKXw sNbvXp. C]-Imcw cmbv°p-cm-
am\w XIn-Sw-a-dn-bp-∂-hsc Bcm-bmepw b-
s∏-Spw. s\t∏m-fn-b\v aq∂p ]X-ßsf
amXw `b-∂m¬ aXn-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Imc-Ww,
A∂v tdUn-tbmbpw sSen-hn-j\pw D≠m-
bn-cp-∂n-√.
hnh-c-km-t¶-XnIhnZy F∂Xv a\p-
jym -h -Im -i -߃ F∂ ]Zw -
t]mse B[p-\n-I-am-Wv. sFIy-cm-
jvS-k` a\p-jym-h-Im-i-߃ F∂
]Zw Is≠-Øp-∂-Xn-\pw-aptº a\p-
jys‚ Ah-Im-i-߃ ÿm]n-X-
am-bn-°-gn-™n-cp-∂p. a\p-jym-h-Im-
i-ß-fpsS NcnXw hyXy-kvX-amb
t]cn¬ am·-Im¿´-bn¬\n∂p XpS-
ßp-∂-Xp-t]mse hnh-c-km-t¶-Xn-I-
hnZy Kp´≥_¿Kns‚ hn\o-X-amb apZ-W-
b-¥-Øn¬ \n∂m-cw-`n-°p-∂p. a\p-jys‚
]Jym-X-amb Ah-Im-i-߃ A¿Y-h-
Ømbn ]Jym-]n-X-am-Ip-∂Xpw am\-hn-I-
amb kwkvImcw ÿm]n-X-am-Ip-∂Xpw apZ-
W-Øn-eqsS Bibkwth-Z\w hym]-I-am-
b-tXm-sS-bm-Wv.
km£-c-X-bpsS \nizm-k-amWv ktN-X\w
amX-am-bn-cp∂ a¨tIm-esØ a\p-jy-
\m°n am‰n-b-Xv. Ah≥ GI\pw \n»-_vZ-
\p-am-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv \∂-s√∂p I≠ kmt¶-
XnIhnZy Bi-b-kwth-Z\-Øn-\p≈ kJn-
bmbn am[y-a-ßsf krjvSn-®p. ssZhh-N-
\-tØm-sSm∏w sNIp-Øms‚ ]tem-`-\-
ßfpw B am[y-a-Øn-eqsS kwh-Zn-°-s∏-
´psh-∂Xv am[y -a -Øns‚ Ip‰ -a -√.
BZsØt∏mse \ap°pw thW-sa-¶n¬
am[y-a-ßsf ]gn-°mw. ]t£, \jvS-s∏´
P\-ß-fpsS Ah-Im-i-߃°p-th≠n A[n-Im-cn-I-tfmSp s]mcp-Xm≥ XqenI
]S-hm-fm°n sI. cma-Ir-jvW-]n≈. Ccp]Xmw \q‰m-≠ns‚ XpS-°-Øn¬
cmPhmgvN \S-°p∂ Hcp \m´p-cm-Py-Øn¬ At±lw ImWn® [ocX A\p-
IcWobhpw amXr-Im-]-c-hp-am-bn-cp-∂p.
kztZ-im-`n-am-\n-bpsS Ime-Øp-\n∂v B[p-\nI Ime-sØ-Øp-tºmƒ am[ya
]h¿Ø-\-Øn\v Fs¥√mw am‰-ß-fmWp h∂n-´p-≈Xv?
67
`b-Iu-Sn -ey -tem-`-߃ hf¿°n-s√m-cp \m-Sns\
]dp-Zo-k-Iƒ tXSp∂ Ah-km-\n-°mØ
]bm-W-Øn¬, BZ-tØmsSm∏w l∆-sb-
∂-t]mse am[y-a-߃ F∂pw \tΩm-sSm-
∏-ap-≠m-Ipw. A\n-hm-cy-amb kJyhpw
km∂n-[y-hp-am-W-Xv.
kwkvIm-chpw AXn-\m-[m-c-amb aqey-
ßfpw cq]-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn¬ Zriy-˛-ihy
am[y-a-߃ hln-°p∂ ]¶v Kuc-h-ambn
N¿®sNø-s∏-Sp-∂pt≠m F∂p kwi-b-
amWv. Nm\-ep-Iƒ aqey-Nyp-Xn°p Imc-W-
am-Ip∂p F∂ s]mXp-hmb Bt£-]-Øn-
\-∏pdw am[y-a-ßsf F]-Imcw kwkvImc-
Øns‚ kjvSm-°fpw kwc-£-I-cp-am-°m≥
Ign-bp-sa∂ Btem-N\ \S-°p-∂n√.
\n¬°m-s\m-cnSw In´n-bm¬ `qtKm-fsØ
Nen-∏n -°m-sa∂ A]m-tbm-Kn -I-amb
DtØm-e-I-XØzw ]≠v ]tLm-jn-X-am-bn.
£oc]Y-Øn¬ sX∂n-°-fn-°p∂ a\p-jy≥
Hcp-]-t£, Aß-s\-sbm-cnSw Is≠-Øn-
tb°mw. F∂m¬ Ce-IvtSm-WnIv hnπ-h-
Øns‚ hym]-\hpw B[n-]-Xyhpw ka-K-
am-b-Xn-\m¬ am[y-a-Øn¬\n∂p ]pdØp
IS∂v am[y-asØ hkvXp-\n-jvT-ambn
]cntim-[n-°m≥ \ap-°m-hn-√.
kmt¶-Xn-I-hn-Zy-bpsS hnkva-b-I-c-amb
km[y-X-Iƒ a\- n-em-°nb am[y-a-Kpcp
am¿j¬ aIveq-l≥ am[yaw Xs∂-bmWv
ktµiw F∂p ]Jym-]n-®p. am[y-a-߃
\¬Ip∂ ktµ-i-sØ-°mƒ am[y-aw-X-s∂-
bmWv A]-ISw F∂p ]kvXm-hn-®-bm-
fmWv Ata-cn -°-bnse am[y-a-Xm-Øzn-
I\mb sPdn am≥U¿. sSen-hn-j-\nse ]cn-
]m-Sn-I-f-√, sSen-hn-j≥ F∂ am[y-aw-X-s∂-
bmWv \ncm -I -cn -°-s∏-tS -≠-Xv˛sSen -
hnjs\ Bkp-c-b-¥-ambn I≠ am≥U¿
Xs‚ hmZw Ah-X-cn-∏n-°m≥ t]mepw B
am[y-a-sØ- k-ao-]n-°m≥ Xbm-dm-bn√. Kuc-
h-am-b-sXm-∂n\pw sSen-hn-j≥ ]cym-]vX-
as√∂p hniz-kn® am≥U¿ am[y-a-hn-
a¿i\Øn\p am[y-a-_m-ly-amb thZn
Is≠Øn.
sSen-hn-js‚ ]Nmcw A\p-Zn\w h¿[n-°p-
I-bm-Wv. AtX tXmXn¬Øs∂ B am[y-
a-Øns‚ kzm[o-\hpw Zpxkzm[o-\hpw
h¿[n-°p-∂p. hn⁄m-\-Øn-s‚bpw hnt\m-
Z-Øn-s‚bpw AXn-cn-√mØ km[y-X-Iƒ
B[p-\n-I-a-\p-jy\p Xpd-∂p-X∂ kmt¶-
XnI hn-kvabw bYm¿Y-Øn¬ bhpw Bi-
¶bpw Df-hm-t°-≠-Xpt≠m? t\cwsIm√n-
bmb hnUvVn-s∏-´n-sb∂v BZy-Im-eØp
hnfn -°-s∏-´n -cp∂ sSen -hn -j≥ C∂p
ssk≤m-¥n-I-amb FXn¿∏n-s\-bmWv t\cn-
Sp -∂-X v . BtKm -f -h¬°-c -W-Øns‚
tSmP≥Ip-Xn-c-bmbpw kmº-ØnI kmam-
Py-Xz-Øns‚ A[n-\n-th-i-Øn\p ]mcw-`-
ambn aq∂mw-tem-I P\-X-I-fn¬ D]-t`m-K-
]-c-amb A`n-\n-thiw hf¿Øp∂ ]tem-
`-\-b-¥-ambpw sSen-hn-j≥ hnti-jn-∏n-°-
s∏-Sp-∂p.
hnh-c-]-hm-l-Øn¬ AXn¿h-c-ºp-Iƒ
A]-Xy-£-am-hp-Ibpw aIveq-ls‚ ]h-
N\w km£m-XvI-cn-®p-sIm≠v temIw
BtKm-f-Km-a-ambn Npcp-ßp-Ibpw sNbvXn-
cn-°p-∂p. sImfw-_kv \h- qan Is≠-Ønb
hm¿Ø B kap-Z-]-cy-th-£-W-Øns‚
kvt]m¨k-dmb bqtdm-]y≥ cmPm-hn\p
e`n-°m≥ Bdpamkw th≠n-h-∂p. F∂m¬
BwkvtSmMv Nµ-\n-en-d-ßn-bXv X’-abw
\mw Adn-™p. Ncn-X-Øn¬ BZy-ambn Hcp
kw`hw˛1963¬ sI∂-Un-bpsS kwkvImc
®S-ßv˛temIw apgp-h≥ Htckabw sSen-
hn-j-\n¬ I≠p. \yqtbm¿°n¬ thƒUv
tSUv sk‚¿ \new-]-Xn-®Xv \ΩpsS
I¨ap-∂n-em-bncp∂p.
c≠mw -tem-I-bp≤w Ah-km-\n-°p-tºmƒ
temI-ØmsI FÆm-bncw hoSp-I-fnte
sSen-hn-j≥ D≠m-bn-cp-∂p-≈p-sh-¶n¬
C∂p qap-JsØ aq∂n¬ c≠p hoSp-I-fn¬
sSen-hn-j-s\-Øn. Zqc-Z¿is‚ `qX-e-kw-
t]-j-W-Øn\p ]pdta hn]p-e-amb tI_nƒ
irwJ-e-hgn C¥y-bnse _lp-`q-cn-]£w
hoSp-I-fn¬ sSen-hnj≥ ]cn-]m-Sn -Iƒ
68
tIc-f-]m-Tm-hen ae-bmfw IX
t]£-I-cpsS kz¥w mj-bn¬ FØn-t®-
cp-∂p. sSen-hn-j≥ km¿h-Xn-Ihpw P\-Io-
b-hp-am-bn-cn-°p-∂p.
BIm-i-Øns‚ AXn-cp-Isf t`Zn-°p∂
i_vZ-sØbpw Zriy-sØbpw ]Xn-tcm-[n-
°m≥ B¿°p-am-hn-√. sSen-hn-j-\n-eqsS
thZw tIƒ°p-∂-hs‚ sNhn-bn¬ Cub-
sam-gn-°mt\m AXv Dcp-hn-Sp-∂-hs‚ \mh-
cn-bmt\m AXv lrZn-ÿ-am-°p-∂-hs‚ inc-
-dp-°mt\m B¿°pw Ign-bn-√. sk≥k-
dn-Mn-s‚bpw Cw]n-am-Øq-dn-s‚bpw \nb-¥-
W-an-√msX s]cp-Ip∂ Nm\-ep-I-fn-eqsS
hnc¬Øp-ºp-sIm≠p ]cXn \S-°p-tºmƒ
Adn-hns‚bpw BÀm-Z-Øn-s‚bpw Adn-
bmØ temI-߃ \ap-°mbn Xpd-°p-∂p.
Cu UnPn-‰¬ ku`m-KysØ \mw kzmKXw
sNøp-∂pthm? AtXm, A]-I-S-I-c-amb \pg-
™p-I-b-‰-ambmtWm sSen-hn-js\ \mw
ImWp-∂-Xv, ImtW-≠Xv?
Iuam-c-a-\- p-Isf N©-e-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw
Ah-cpsS ]T-\sØ XS- -s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw
IpSpw-_m-¥-co-£sØ ac-hn-∏n-°p-Ibpw
aeo-a-k-am-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ A]-I-S-ambn
sSen-hn-js\ ImWp-∂-h-cp-≠v. GZ≥tXm-
-Øn¬ \pg-s™-Ønb kmØms\t∏mse
IpSpw-_-ku-`m-Ky-ß-fpsS A¥-I-\mbn
sSen-hn-j≥ NnXo-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p.
IpSpw-_m-¥-co-£sØ hnI-e-am°pIbpw
IpSpw -_-_-‘-ßsf XI¿°p -Ibpw
sNøp∂ Bkp-c-b-¥-ambn sSen-hn-j≥
IW-°m-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv F¥p-sIm-≠v? sSen-
hn-js‚ _‘-\-Øn¬ _‘-߃ hnkva-
cn-°-s∏-Sp∂p F∂-Xmhmw Cu Bt£-]-
Øn\p Imc-Ww. IpSpw-_mw-K-߃ Hcp-an-
°p-Ibpw kwkm-cn-°p-Ibpw ]m¿Yn-°p-
Ibpw Blmcw Ign-°p-Ibpw k√-]n-°p-
Ibpw sNtø≠ ka-bØv Ah¿ A]-cnNn-
X-sc-t∏mse sSen-hn-j-\p -ap-∂n¬ _µn-I-
fmbn Ign-bp-∂p. A]-Xo-£n-X-ambn IS-
∂p-h-cp∂ kµ¿i-I¿ Ah-K-Wn-°-s∏-Sp∂
AXn-Yn-I-fm-hp-∂p. sSen-hn-j-\n¬ \n∂v
DXn-cp∂ shfn-®-Ønepw Db-cp∂ i_vZ-
Ønepw Akzm-ÿy-ap-f-hm-°p∂ au\w
Bh-cWw sNøp-∂p.
\mw Adn-bmsX Hcp-Xcw A]-cn-Nn-X-Xz-
Ønepw AI¬®-bnepw \sΩ AI-s∏-Sp-
Øp-∂p F∂-Xp-X-s∂-bmImw sSen-hn-js‚
G‰hpw henb hn\. a‰p Imc-W-ß-fmepw
CXp kw`-hn-°m-sa∂ hkvXp-Xbpw ad-®p-
h-bvt°-≠-Xn-√. Xt≈-≠Xpw sImt≈-
≠Xpw Fs¥-∂-dn -bmsX Aan-X-amb
Bk‡n GXnep≠mbmepw AXv
A]ISw -X-s∂. CXn\v sSen-hn-js\
amXw Ip‰-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn¬ A¿Y-an-√. \qdp-
Iq´w Imcy -߃ sNøm-\p -≈-t∏mƒ
cmhnse ]X-]m-cm-b-W-Øn¬ apgp-In-bn-cn-
°p∂ `¿Øm-hns\ iIm-cn-°p∂ kvXo
]XsØ iXp-hmbn ImtW-≠-Xpt≠m?
"Hcp ]Xhpw t\m°p-I-bn√ F∂Xv Fs‚
hX-amWv' F∂v sjdn-U≥ ]d-™Xv C∂p
sSen-hn-j-t\m-sS-∂-t]mse A∂v ]X-
tØmSpw kaq-l-Øn\v Htckabw Bk-
‡nbpw hnc-‡nbpw D≠m-bn-cp-∂p F∂-
Xns‚ kqN-\-bm-Iptam?
69
`b-Iu-Sn -ey -tem-`-߃ hf¿°n-s√m-cp \m-Sns\
sSen-hn-js‚ ]tbm-P-\-sØ-°p-dn®p IqSp-
X¬ hnkvX-cn-t°≠ Imcy-an-√. \mw Adn-
bmsX \mw hniz-]u-c-∑mcpw hn⁄m-\n-I-
fp-am-bn-Øo¿∂n-cn-°p-∂p. B`n-ap-Jyhpw
at\m- m-hhpw kao-]-\hpw Nn -s∏-Sp-Øp∂
am[y-a-amWv sSen-hn-j≥. AXns‚ km[y-
X-Iƒ Adn™v ]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-sb-
∂-XmWv _p≤n. kn\n-a, sSen-hn-j≥,
C‚¿s\‰v F∂n-ßs\ ]e cq]-ß-fn¬
]e ImeØv cq]-s∏´ Zriy-am-[y-a-cw-KsØ
kmt¶-Xn-I-hn-Im-k-ßsf ^e-]-Z-ambn
D]-tbm-Kn-°m≥ \ap°p Ign-b-Ww. Ccp-
]Xmw \q‰m-≠ns‚ al-Ømb Ie F∂v
kn\n-asb hnti-jn-∏n® se\n≥ HIvtSm-
_¿ hnπ-h-Øns‚ A¥- -Øbpw ]m[m-
\yhpw djy-bnepw ]pd-Øp-ap≈ P\-Xsb
t_m[y-s∏-Sp-Øp∂Xn\v DX-Ip∂ Hcp
kn\na \n¿an-°m-\mWv sFk≥Ão-\n-t\mSv
Bh-iy -s∏ -´ -X v . AXns‚ ^e-amWv
"_m‰n¬jn]v s]ms´w-In≥' F∂ hnip-X-
N-e-®n-Xw. amdn -\n∂v Ip‰w-]-d-bmsX
AIØp -I-bdn ]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-ØpI
F∂ ]mtbm-KnI kao-]-\-am-bn-cn-°Ww
sSen-hn-js\ kw_-‘n®pw \ap-°p-≠m-tI-
≠-Xv. sl¿a≥ Kp≠¿´v F∂ P¿a≥
anjWdn C∂mWv C√n-°p-∂n-se-Øp-∂-
sX-¶n¬ cmPy-k-am-Nmcw F∂ ]X-Øn\p
]Icw Hcp sSen-hn-j≥Nm\¬ Bcw-`n-°p-
am-bn-cp-∂p.
h¿Ø-am-\-Im-esØ F√m ]m]-ß-fp-
sSbpw DØ-c-hm-ZnXzw sSen-hn-j-\n¬
Btcm-]n-°p-∂Xv A¿Y-c-ln-X-amb hymbm-
a-am-Ip-∂p. l∆-bpsS A\p-k-c-W-bn-√m-
bvabpw Imtbs‚ `mXr-l-Xybpw A_vk-
tem-ans‚ ]nXr-\n-µbpw apX¬ Ncn-X-
Øn¬ sXfn-™p-\n-¬°p∂ AkwJyw
Acp-Xm-bva-Iƒ°p ImcWw sSen-hn-js‚
kzm[o-\-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. Hmtcm bpK-Ønepw
\h-ambn kwÿm-]n-°-s∏-S-Ø-°-hn[w
[¿aw A]-Xy-£-am-Ip∂psh¶n¬ AXpw
sSen-hn-js‚ Ip‰-a-√. Zp¿hn-tijw amX-
a√, kphn-ti-jhpw temI-saßpw FØn-
°m≥ sSen-hn-j\p Ign-bpw.
kvXo]-£-am-[y-a-]-T-\-߃
$ am[y-a-߃°v A\p-Iq-e-ambpw ]Xn-Iq-e-ambpw teJ-I≥ \nc-Øp∂ hmZ-K-Xn-Iƒ
Fs¥m-s°-bmWv? Fs¥ms° Iq´n-t®¿°m-\p≠v? Is≠-Øn Ah-X-cn-∏n-°pI.
$ ""Zp¿hn-tijw amX-a√, kphn-ti-jhpw temI-saßpw FØn-°m≥ sSen-hn-j-\p
-I-gnbpw.'' sSen-hnj≥ \Ωn-te°v Fs¥-√m-amWv FØn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xv?
GsXms° ]cn-]m-Sn-I-fmWv kphn-ti-j-Øn-s‚bpw Zp¿hn-ti-j-Øn-s‚bpw ]´n-I-
bn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-ØpI? N¿®sNøp-I.
$ ""B`n-ap-Jyhpw at\m-`m-hhpw kao-]-\hpw Nn´-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ am[y-a-amWv sSen-hn-j≥.
AXns‚ km[y-X-Iƒ Adn™p ]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-XmWv _p≤n.''
sSen-hn-js\ Fß-s\-sbm-s°-bmWv \ap°p ]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-Øm\m-hpI?
$ XqenI ]S-hm-fm°p-I, XInSwadn-bp-I, cmbv°p-cm-am-\w, Xncp-hm-bvs°-Xn¿hmb XpS-
ßnb ]tbm-K-hn-ti-j-߃ Bi-bm-hn-jvIm-c-Øn\v FX-amXw IcpØp ]I-cp-∂p?
teJ-\-߃ ]cn-tim-[n®v Is≠-Ø-ep-Iƒ Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-I.
70
tIc-f-]m-Tm-hen ae-bmfw IX
$ am[yaw ]ta-b-ambnhcp∂ sNdp-I-Y-Iƒ aebmf-Øn¬ Gsd-bp-≠-t√m.
tam£w ˛ Aw_n-Im-kp-X≥ amßmSv
hm¿Øm-i-cocw ˛ kt¥mjv G®n-°m\w
]c-ky-i-cocw ˛ C.]n.- io-Ip-am¿
kzoI-cWapdn ˛ kn.F-kv.- N-µnI
XncpØv ˛ F≥.-F-kv. am[-h≥
XpS-ßnb cN-\-Iƒ Is≠Øn hmbn-°q.
$ hm¿Ø-Iƒ°v B[m-c-amb FXtbm kw`-h-߃ kvIqfn¬ \n∂pXs∂ \ap°p
Is≠-Ømw. Is≠-Ønb hm¿Ø-Iƒ Iao-I-cn®v Hcp Nph¿]-XnI Xbm-dm-°p-I.
71
`b-Iu-Sn -ey -tem-`-߃ hf¿°n-s√m-cp \m-Sns\
hnhckmt¶-XnIhnZy km¿h-Xn-I-am-b-
tXmsS ]X-Øn\pw sSen-hn-j-\p-sam∏w
]pXnb Bibhn\n-ab D]m-[n-Ifpw hnI-
kn®ph∂p. sh_vssk‰p-Iƒ, tªmKp-Iƒ
F∂nh Ah-bn¬ Nne-Xm-Wv. sh_vtemKv
(Weblog) F∂-Xns‚ Npcp°-t∏-cmWv
tªmKv (blog). ]Xamkn-I-I-fn¬ Fgp-Øp-
Imc\pw hmb-\-°m-c-\p-an-S-bn¬ FUn-‰-dp-
sSbpw ]km-[-Is‚bpw CjvSm-\n-jvS-ßfpw
Xm¬∏-cy-ßfpw D≠m-Ip-a-t√m. F∂m¬
tªmKp-I-fn-emhs´, \ΩpsS cN-\-Iƒ Bcp-
sSbpw CS-s]-S-ep-Ifn√msX t\cn´v hmb-
\-°m¿°p apºn-se-Øp-I-bmWv. IY-Ifpw
Ihn-X-Ifpw teJ-\-ßfpw amX-a√, A\p-`-
h-°p-dn-∏p-Iƒ, bmXm-hn-h-c-W-߃, Hm¿a-
Iƒ, hm¿Ø-Iƒ, ]Xn-I-c-W-߃ F∂n-
h-sb√mw \ap°p \ΩpsS tªmKn-eqsS
hmb-\-°m¿°p apºn-se-Øn-°m-\m-hpw.
kmln-Xy-c-N-\-Iƒ IqSmsX NnX-߃,
Im¿´q-Wp-Iƒ, t^mt´m-Iƒ, hoUn-tbm-Iƒ,
]m´p -Iƒ F∂n-ßs\ F√m k¿Km -
Ah-\-h≥ ]km-[-I-\m-hp-tºmƒ...
flIkrjvSn-Ifpw \ap°v temI-sa-ßp-ap≈
Bfp-Iƒ°p-ap-ºn¬ ]Z¿in-∏n-°mw. Np‰p-
ap≈ kmaqlnIXn∑-I-tfmSv, A\o-Xn-I-
tfmSv Inbm-fl-I-ambn ]Xn-I-cn-°m\pw
Ah kaqli≤-bn¬ sIm≠p-h-cm\pw
tªmKp-Iƒ Ah-kcsamcp-°p∂p.
\ΩpsS amXr-`m-j-bn¬Øs∂ CsXms°
\n¿h-ln -°p -∂-Xn -\p≈ kuIcyhpw
C∂p≠v. CXn-\m-bn \mw BZyw sNtø-
≠Xv \Ωp-tS-Xmb Hcp tªmKv krjvSn-°p-
I-bmWv. tªmK¿, thUv ]kv XpS-ßnb
ÿm]-\ -߃ CXn -\p≈ kuIcyw
XnI®pw kuP-\y-ambn \¬Ip-∂p-≠v. kz¥-
ambn Hcp C˛sa -bn¬ hnem -k-ap≈
B¿°pw hfsc Ffp-∏-Øn¬ Hcp tªmKv
krjvSn -°m-hp-∂-tX-bp-≈q. tªmKn¬
]kn-≤o-I-cn-°p∂ (t]mÃv sNøp-∂)
krjvSn-Isf kw_-‘n®v tªmKv ImWp∂
(kµ¿in-°p∂) B¿°pw ]Xn-I-c-W-߃
tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øm\p≈ kuI-cyhpw CXn-
ep≠v.
$ kvIqfp-ambn _‘-s∏´ Hcp A\p- -h-°p-dn∏p Xbm-dm°n, \n߃ krjvSn® tªmKn¬
t]mÃv sNøq. Iq´p-Im-cpsS tªmKv cN-\-Iƒ hmbn®v Ah-bn¬ ]Xn-I-c-W-߃
tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øq.
42
tIc-f-]m-Tm-hen ae-bmfw IX
3
$ X≈-hn-c¬ apdn-®v, sXmgn-en-t\m-Sp-Xs∂ hnS-]-d-bp-I-bmWv sXmgn-
em-fn-Iƒ sNbvXXv. Cßs\ ]h¿Øn-°m≥ Ahsc t]cn-
∏n®sX¥mhmw?
sh≈-°m¿ \mS≥ hWn-°pI-fpsS klm-b-tØm-Sp-IqSn
Hmtcm ]´-W-Ønepw sN∂v Ahn-sS-sbmcp It®cn hnfn-®p-Iq-
´p-Ibpw B ]tZ-i-Øp≈ Hmtcm D¬]m-Z-I\pw X߃°v
hn¬t°≠ D¬]-∂-ßfpw Ah-bpsS hnebpw \n›-bn-®p-
sIm≠v Hcp Icm¿ D≠m-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂-Xmbn hneyw
t_mƒSvkv ]-d-bp-∂p. Hcp D¬]m-Z-I\pw kΩ-Xn-°p-hm≥ Ign-
bmØ hn[w XmW-Xm-bn-cn°pw hne. \m´p-Im¿°m-Is´, GI-
]-£o-b-amb Cu Icm-dp-I-fn¬ H∏p-h-bv°m-Xn-cn-°m\pw hgn-bn-
√m-bn-cp-∂p. hnk-Ω-Xn-°p-∂-hsc ap°m-en-bn¬ sI´n-bn-´p≈
Nm -hm¿]lcw t]mep≈ a¿Z-\-߃°v hnt[-b-cm-°pI amX-
a-√, Ah-cpsS kº-sØ-s¥-¶n-ep-ap-s≠-¶n¬ AXp I≠p-sI´n
teewhnfn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-am-bn-cp∂p sh≈-°m¿. CØ-cw Icm-
dp-I-fn¬ \n∂v c£-s∏-Sp-hm-\mbn ]´p-\q¬ \q‰n-cp∂ ]e- sXm-
gn-em-fn-Ifpw X≈hnc¬ apdn-®p-I-f™v \q¬\q¬∏p sXmgn-en-
t\mSv hnS-]-d-™-Xmbn X\n-°-dn-bm-sa∂v hneyw t_mƒSvkv
t_m[n-∏n®p.
hymk\pw hnLvt\-iz-c\pw ˛ B\µv
43
krjvSn -i-‡n-Iƒ R߃
the-°m-ct\m bP-am-\t\m?
kpIp-am¿ Agot°mSv
b ¥Øns‚ bpKØn¬ Km‘nPn
b¥\nb¥WØns‚ ]hmNI\mbn
\n∂p. At±lØns‚ kn≤m-¥-ß-fn¬-h®v
G‰hpw ISpØ FXn¿∏p t\cn´Xv Cu
b¥eLqIcW kn≤m¥-ambncp∂p. ckw
tXm∂pw, At±lØns‚ kn≤m¥-ßfn¬
sh®v temI-Øn\v G‰hpw Bh-iy-am-bn-
´p-≈Xpw AXm-bn-cp∂p! b¥eLq-I-cW
kn≤m¥-Øns‚ Cebpw Nn√bpw
amXamWv N¿°bpw JmZn-bp-sams°.
C∂p Km‘nPn-bpsS i_vZØn∂p I´n
IqSnb-Xmbpw temIØns‚ FXn¿∏v
t\¿Øp-h-cp-∂-Xm-bpw, i≤n-®m¬, a\- n-
em°mw. Ipcnin -te‰nbXn∂ptijw
Dbn¿sØgp - t∂ -¬°p∂hcmWt√m
]hmNI∑m¿.
cmjvSobhpw kmºØnIhpamb ASn-a-Ø-
߃ C√mXm°phm\p≈ ]co-£-W-ß-
fn¬ G¿s∏´t∏mfmWv Km‘nPn
b¥Øns‚ `oIcamb B[n]Xyw
FXtØmfsaØn-bn´ps≠∂v I≠Xv.
cmjvSobhpw kmº-ØnIhp-amb ASn-a-Ø-
߃ amX-a-√, Bflobamb ASnaØwIqSn
b¥w krjvSn-°p-∂p-s≠∂vv At±lØn\v
At∏mƒ shfnhmbn. Km‘nPnbpsS
kzmX¥yw PohnXtØmfw Xs∂ hep-Xm-
I-bm¬ shdpw cmjvSobtam kmº-Øn-
Itam Bb ASnaØw C√mXm°nbm¬
t]msc∂vv At±lØn∂p tXm∂pIbpw
Ccp]Xmw \q‰m≠ns‚ Bflm-hn -s\
t∏mepw _m[n® b¥_v`aw C√mXm
°m≥ At±lw \t∂ ]Wns∏SpIbpw
sNbvXp. GXSnaØhpw NoØbmWv;
]t£, the°mc\n¬ \n∂p≈
ASnaØw G‰hpw NoØbmWv. the
°mc≥ bP-am-\-\m-sW∂v km£m¬
bPam\∂p sX‰n-≤m-c-W-bp-≠m-Ip-tºm-
gmWv, G‰hpw \nµyamb Cu ASnaØw
DbnscSp°p∂Xv. b¥w a\pjys‚ ta¬
Dd∏n® Cu Zp¿`camb "In¶-c-tkz-—m-[n-
]Xyw' Ah-km-\n-∏n-°-emWv b¥eLq-
I-c-W-Øns‚ e£yw.
b¥sØ∏‰n FgpXs∏´ G‰hpw \njvIr-
jvS-amb A`n-]m-b-߃ hmbn-°-W-sa-¶n¬
Km‘nPnbpsS ]_‘߃ t\m°nbm¬
aXn. Ahbn¬ h®v G‰hpw \ninXamb
A`n]mb߃ hmbn°m≥ "lnµvkzcmPpw'
AXnse G‰hpw \n¿Zbamb A`n]mbw
ImWm≥ 19˛mw A[ymbhpw t\m°pI-
44
tIc-f-]m-Tm-hen ae-bmfw IX
Xs∂ thWw. b¥Øn∂v Hscm‰
KpWhpans√∂v AXnet±lw FgpXn.
b¥tØmSp≈ FXn¿∏n∂v Km‘nPn
Bt£]n°-s∏´n´ps≠¶n¬ AXp
an°hmdpw "lnµvkzcmPn'se 19˛mw
A[ymbØnse A`n]mbßfpsS
t]cnembncn°pw. F∂m¬, At±lw
b¥sØ∏‰nsbgpXnb apgph≥
A`n]mbßfpw AhbpsS apgph≥
kmchpw Kln® Hcmƒ°v shdpw Hcp
]pkvXIw hmbn® ]√hKmlnbmb
Hcmsft∏mse At±lsØ FXn¿°m-\m-
hp-I-bn-√. ImcWw, B A`n]mb߃
]eXpw ]pXnb imkvXobkXyßfpsS
shfn®-Øn¬ BtcmKytØmsS hne-kp-∂-
h -bm -Wv . Ahsb FXn¿°p -∂-h∂v
C∂sØ imkvXobNn¥I¿°p apºn¬
kz¬∏w Ip\n™p \n¬t°≠nhcpw.
"lnµv kzcmPv' Km‘nPnbpsS kn≤m¥-
ßfpsSbpw A`n]mbßfpsSbpw
BZysØ ssI∏I¿∏mWv. Imew
sN√pt¥mdpw Ah XncpØs∏SpIbpw
]cnjvIcn°s∏SpIbpw sNbvXp.
Dc¬°p‰n -t]mse A\ßmØXpw
hfcmØ-Xp-amb Hcp km[-\-a√ Km‘n-kw.
kml-N-cy-ß-fpsS hyXym-k-Øn-s∂mØp
Xm≥ A`n-]m-b-߃ ]cn-jvI-cn-°m-dp-
s≠∂pw AXn-\m¬ ]≠p Xm≥ ]d™
Imcy-߃ ]n∂oSp thsd a´n¬ ]d-tb-≠n-
h-∂n-cn-°m-sa∂pw F¶nepw auen-I-ambn
Xs‚ A`n-]m-b-߃ ]q¿hm-]-c-_-‘-ap-≈-
h-bm-sW∂pw Km‘nPn Xpd-s∂-gp-Xn-bn-
´p≠v (lcn-P≥ 28˛1˛1939, 30˛9˛1939). Cu
\nebv°v "lnµv kzcmPn's\ ap≥\n¿Øn
Km‘nPn b¥-hn-tcm-[n-bm-sW∂pw "Imf-
h-≠n -bpsS ]hm-N-I≥' BsW∂pw
Bt£-]n -°p -∂-h¿ kXy -k-‘-c -√.
Xø¬°m-c≥ Xp∂m≥ th≠n apdn-®n´
XpWn-°-j-W-߃°v Xpey-am-Wv, "lnµv
kzcmPn'¬ b¥-sØ-∏‰n Km‘nPn ]pd-s∏-
Sp-hn® A`n-]m-b-߃. b¥w ]m]-am-
sW∂pw Xosc \in-t°-≠-Xm-sW-∂pap≈
AXnse Bi-b-߃, apdn® XpWn-bm-bn´-
√m-sX, Xp∂n-Øo¿∂ DSp-∏mbn \msa-Sp-
°-cp-Xv. 1908˛¬ AsX-gp-Xn-b-Xn-∂p-ti-jw,
Xs‚ Btem-N-\-bn-eq-sSbpw a‰p-≈-h-cpsS
hna¿i-\w-sIm-≠pw Km‘nPn hf-cp-I-bm-bn-
cp -∂p. A∂v Km‘nPn b¥-sØ-∏‰n
]kvXm-hn® A`n-]m-b-ß-ƒ Pn.Un.-F®v.
tImƒ, anUn¬´≥ adn, s]m^. sUsse¬
t_¨kv F∂o Nn¥-I-∑m-cpsS hna¿i-\-
Øn\p ]mX-am-bn-cp-∂p. N¿°-t]mepw
b¥-am-sW∂v Ah¿ Nq≠n-°m-´n. AXv
1938 ¬ BWv. AXn∂v FXtbm apºp-
Xs∂ Km‘nPn Xs‚ ]gb A`n-]m-b-
߃ tX®p -an -\p°n \∂m-°n -sb-Sp -
Øncp∂p.
b¥-sØ-∏‰n Km‘n-Pn-°p≈ ]cn-]-Iz-amb
A`n-]m-bw, Ft∏mƒ AXp a\p-jy-tZm-l-
I-c-am-Ip-∂pthm, B AXn-cn¬ h®v AXp
\nb- ¥n -°-s∏-S -W-sa -∂m -Wv . "bMv
C¥y'bn¬ (5 ˛ 11 ˛ 1925) Cßs\ ImWp-
∂p: ""b¥-Øn∂p ÿm\-ap-≠v. AXp \ne-
\n-¬°p-∂-X-tX. ]t£, Bh-iy-amb a\p-
jy-]-b-Xv\-Øn∂p ÿm\-`wiw hcp-
Øm≥ AXns\ A\p-h-Zn-®p-Iq-Sm.'' F√m
b¥-߃°pw Km‘nPn FXn-cmtWm
Fs∂mcp tNmZy -Øn∂v At±lw
sImSpØ adp-]Sn "A√' F∂m-bn-cp-∂p.
""]t£,'' At±lw XpS¿∂p: ""AXp hnNm-
c-iq-\y-ambn s]cp-∏n-°p-∂-Xn∂p Rms\Xn-
cm-Wv.'' (bMv C¥y, 17.6.1926)
45
krjvSn -i-‡n-Iƒ R߃
Cu hI A`n-]m-b-߃ "lnµv kzcmPn'se
A`n-]m-b-Øn∂v Ipd-s®ms° FXn-cm-sW-
¶n¬, ]q¿hm-]-c-ssh-cp-[y-Øns‚ B
ÿnXn Km‘n-Pn°v Hcn-°epw `qj-W-am-
hn-√-t√m. b¥ta th≠ F∂ \ne-]m-Sm-
bn -cp∂p BZysØ ]pkvX-I -Øn¬
At±lw ]I-Sn-∏n-®-Xv. ]t£, ]q¿hm-]-c-
hn-cp-≤-sa∂p tXm∂n-°m-\n-S-bp≈ Xs‚
]g-bXpw ]pXn-b-Xp-amb A`n-]m-b-ßsf
At\ym\yw At±lw CW-°n-\n¿Øp-
∂p≠v. AXv C]-Im-c-am-Wv: ""]c-amZ¿iw
h®v ]d-™m¬, Rm≥ F√m b¥-ß-
sfbpw _ln -jvI -cn -°pw. Bfl-km-
£mXvIm-c-Øn∂v klm-bn-°mØ Cu
icocw Dt]-£n-°p-hm\pw Bflm-hns‚
tIh-e-amb tam£-Øn∂v bXv\n-°p-hm\pw
Rm≥ Fßs\ Hcp-°am-tWm, AXp-t]m-
se-bm-Wn-Xv. B t\m´-Øn¬, Rm≥ F√m
b¥-ß-sfbpw _ln -jvI -cn -°pw.
F∂mepw b¥-߃°p ÿm\-ap-≠v.
ImcWw, ico-c-sØ-t∏mse Ah Hgn-®p-Iq-
Sm\mhmØXmWv'' (bMv C¥y, 20˛11˛1924).
temI-hy -h-lm-c -Øn¬ b¥-߃°p
ÿm\-ap-s≠∂pXs∂-bmWv b¥sØ
Xosc \ntj-[n-°p-tºm-gpw, Km‘nPn Dt±-
in-°p-∂Xv. b¥-bp-K-Øn\p Xm≥ FXn-
cm-sW∂p ]d-bp-∂Xv Xs‚ A`n-]m-b-
ßsf hnIr-X-am-°-em-sW∂p Km‘nPn Hcp
tNmZy-I¿Øm-hn-t\mSv Hc-h-k-c-Øn¬ adp-
]-Sn-bmbn ]d-™p. ""b¥-am-sW∂p sh®p-
amXw Hcp b¥-Øn∂pw Rms\-Xn-c-√.
F∂m¬ AXp \sΩ ASn-a-s∏-Sp-Øp-
tºmƒ Rm\-Xn\v F-Xn-cmWv'' (lcn-P≥,
13.11.1924). b¥w \sΩ ASn-a-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xv
\ap°p b¥_v-`m¥v ]nSn-s]-Sp-tºm-fmWv.
B `m¥n-s\-∏‰n Iptd ISp-hm-°p-Iƒ ]d-
bm-\p≠v alm-flm-hn-∂v. ""Rms\-Xn¿°p-
∂Xv shdpw b¥-sØ-b-√; b¥-`m-¥n-s\-
bmWv. ]bXv\w eLq-I-cn-°p∂ b¥-sØ-
s®m -√n -bmWv Cu `m¥v . a\p -jy¿
]bXv\w eLq-I-cn®v Ah-km\w Bbnc-
°-W-°n-∂m-fp-Iƒ tPmen-bn-√msX sXcp-
hp-sX-≠n ]´n-Wn-In-S∂p Nmhp-∂p. F√m-
h¿°pw ka-bhpw ]b-Xv\hpw eLq-I-cn®p
sImSp -°p -hm≥ Rm\m - K -ln -°p -∂p,
Ipd®mfp-Iƒ°p amX-a-√, At\-I-e£w
BfpI-fpsS Npa-en¬ Ib-dp-hm≥ Ipd-®p-
t]sc klm-bn-°p-I-bmWv C∂v b¥w
sNøp-∂-Xv. ]bXv\w eLq-I-cn-°-W-sa∂
tkh-\-a-t\m- m-h-a-√, Zpcm-i-bmWv CXn-s‚-
sb√mw ASn-bnse t]c-W. k¿h-i-‡n-
bp-ap-]-tbm-Kn®p Rms\-Xn¿°p-∂Xv Cu
hkvXpÿnXn-sb-bmWv.'' (bMv C¥y,
13˛11˛1924)
Iq‰≥ b¥-ßfpw an√p-Ifpw ÿm]n®v
hkvXp -°ƒ \n¿an®pXpS -ßn -bm¬,
Npcp°w Nne¿ [\n-Icpw A[n-Im-cn-Ifpw
BIp-∂p-sh∂ tZmj-Øn∂p ]pdta c≠p
tZmj-߃ IqSn-bp-≠v. Km‘nPn Ah
c≠pw I≠n-cn-°p-∂p. H∂v D¬]-∂-߃
[mcm-f-ambn cmPy-߃ XΩn¬ hn]-Wn-
Iƒ°p-th-≠n-bp≈ a’cw XpSßpw F∂-
Xm-Wv. bp≤-Øns‚ ASpØ Nm¿®-°m-c-
\mWp hn]-Wn-a-’cw. Xs‚ \ncp-]-aamb
ssien-bn¬ Km‘nPn Cu B]-Øn-s\-°p-
dn®p ]d-™-Xv, Ata-cn-°-bpsS a´n¬ h≥
\mSmb C¥y hyh-km-b-h¬Ir-X-am-bm¬
Hcp \mZn¿jmtbm sP¶n-kvJmt\m th≠n
hcpw hn]-Wn-Iƒ t\Sp-∂-Xn∂p ]S-sbm-
cp°w sNøm≥ F∂mWv (lcn -P≥,
29˛08˛1936). \mZn¿jm-Iƒ D≠m-hp∂
]cnXÿnXn A√, IpSn¬ hyhkm-b-߃
F√m Kma-ß-fnepw kwL-Sn-∏n-°p-Ibpw
46
tIc-f-]m-Tm-hen ae-bmfw IX
]h¿Øn-°m≥ Ign-hp-≈-h¿ apgp-h≥
]h¿Øn-°p-Ibpw \mSv kzbw kºq¿W-
am-hp-Ibpw sNøp∂ ]cn-X-ÿn-Xn-bm-Wv
Km‘nPn hn`m-h\w sNøp-∂-Xv. kmº-Øn-
I-amb kzbw-]-cym]vXn Hcp tZisØ a‰p
tZi-ß-fn¬ \n∂v AI-‰n-°-f-bp-sa∂p
Nne¿ t]Sn°p-∂p. tUm. sU t_mh¿ Cu
t]Sn-sb-∏‰n Km‘n-Pn-tbmSv kwibw
tNmZn-®-t∏mƒ Km‘nPn adp-]Sn ]d-™Xv,
hyh-km-b-Øn-t‚-X-√mØ a‰p am¿K-߃
tZi-ß-fpsS At\ym\y kº¿°-Øn-∂p-
≠t√m F∂mWv (lcn-P≥, 12˛02˛1938).
]ckv]cw NqjWw sNøm-\p-t±-in-®p-sIm-
≠p≈ hyh-kmb˛hmWn-Py-a-’-c-a√ cmPy-
ß-fpsS tN¿®bv°pw thgvNbv°pw ]‰nb
cwKw. kmln-Xyw, aXw, imkvXw F∂n-
h-bpsS kc-Wn-Ifn-eqsS cmPy-߃°p
XΩn¬ DØ-a-amb kwk¿K-ap-≠m-hp-∂-
XmWv. lypbm≥kmMv C¥y-bn¬ h∂Xp
I®-h-S-®-c-°p-Iƒ hn‰-gn-°p-hm-\m-bn-cp-∂n-
√-t√m. cmPy-ß-fpsS kl-I-c-W-Øn\p
lypbm≥km-Mns‚ hgn-bm-Wv, sImfw-_-
kns‚ hgn-b√ ssIs°m-t≈-≠-Xv.
c≠m-asØ tZmjw IqSp-X¬ Kuc-h-ap-≈-
Xm-Wv. Hcp hwi-sa∂ \ne-bn¬ a\p-jys‚
`mhn-sb-t∏mepw AXp _m[n-t®-°mw.
]h¿Øn-°m-\mWv ssIIm-ep-Iƒ krjvSn-
°-s∏- -sX∂pw Ah th≠-t]mse D]-tbm-
Kn°msX b¥-ßsf Bi-bn®p Pohn-
®m¬ a\p-jys‚ I¿a-i‡n Ime-I-taW
£bn-®p-t]m-Im-\n-S-bp-s≠∂pw Km‘n-Pn-°-
`n -]m-b-ap -≠v. I¿aw sNbvXn-s√-¶n¬
]IrXn tLmc-amb ]Xn-Imcw sNøp-sa-
∂mWv Km‘n-Pn-bpsS Xm°o-Xv. ""kz¥w
ssIIsf ssII-sf -t∏mse A[n -I -
amfpIfpw D]-tbm-Kn -°m-Xn-cn -°p-∂Xv
sImSn-sbmcp Zpc-¥-I-Y-b-tX. ]IrXn a\p-
jy-Po-hn-I-fmb \ap°p \¬Inb B A\p-
K-lsØ \mw ]mgm-°n-°-f-bp∂ Ip‰-
Øn\v, \ΩpsS ta¬ b-¶-c-amb ]Xn-Imcw
sNøp-∂p≠v'' (bMv C¥y, 17.02.1927). kPo-
h-amb ico-c-b-¥-amWv Poh-iq-\y-amb
Bb-k-b-¥-ß-tf-°mƒ \√-sX∂v 1925
P\p-hcn 8˛mw Xob-Xn-bnse "bMv C¥y'
bnepw alm-flPn kv]jvS-am-°n-Ø-∂n- p-≠v.
KoXm-Im-c≥, tSmƒtÃmbn apX-emb
Npcp°w Bflobt\Xm-°sf Hgn®p
\n¿Øn-bm¬, I¿asØ ssZh-am-bn-°≠
cmjvSobt\Xm-°-fn¬ apº≥ Km‘n-Pn-
bmWv. sXmgn-ens‚ alØzw At±-l-
Øns‚ ]mW-hn-izm-k-ß-fn¬ H∂m-bn-cp-
∂p. ]W-°mcpw ]Tn-®-hcpw ]Wn-sb-Sp-°p-
hm≥ aSn-bp-≈-h-cm-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xns\ "hrØn-
sI´ Cu \q‰m-≠ns‚ tXm´n'bmb alm-
flm-Km‘n Atß-b‰w A]e-]n-®p. ""C∂v
C¥y-bn¬ [\n-Icpw Db¿∂ h¿K-°m-sc-
∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-hcpw imco-cnI]hrØn
shdp-°p-∂XpsIm≠v the-bpsS D¬°r-
jvS-X-sb-∏‰n Du∂n-∏-d-bp-∂Xv AXym-h-iy-
am -bn -Øo¿∂n-cn -°p-∂p. bYm¿Y-amb
_p≤n-hn-Im-k-Øn∂p th≠nbpw a\p-jy≥
]tbm-P\-]-Z-ambn Fs¥-¶nepw imcocnI
]hr-Øn-bn¬ hym]-cn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.
I¿aw krjvSn-I¿Øm-hn-\m¬ \ntbm-Kn-°-
s∏´ Hcp b⁄-am-sW-∂mWv Km‘n-Pn-
bpsS -aXw (lcn-P≥, 29˛06˛1935). the-sb-
∏‰n qan-bn¬ a\p-jy-\p-®-cn® hm°p-I-fn¬
h®v G‰hpw al-\o-b-am-bh Km‘n-Pn-bmWp
47
krjvSn -i-‡n-Iƒ R߃
$ ""Icn-\n-e-ap-gp-am-°¿j-I-t\mSpw
h¿jw apgp-h≥ hgn- \-∂m-°m≥
s]cn-b -I-cn-¶¬∏md \pdp-°n-
\p-dp-°nsbmcp°pw ]Wn-bm-f-scmSpw
tN¿∂-a-cp∂q ssZhw''
KoXm-RvP-en ˛ cho-µ-\m-Y -Sm-tKm¿
Cu hcn-I-fnse Bi-b-hp-ambn tbmPn-°p∂ Nn¥-Iƒ teJ-\-Øn¬ \n∂p Is≠Øn
Xmc-Xayw sNøp-I.
$ ""GX-Sn-a-Øhpw NoØ-bm-Wv. the-°m-c≥ bP-am-\-\m-sW∂v km£m¬ bP-am-\\p
sX‰n-≤m-c-W-bp-≠m-Ip-tºm-gmWv G‰-hpw \nµy-amb Cu ASn-aØw Dbn-sc-Sp-°p-∂Xv.''
teJ-I≥ \S-Øp∂ Cu ]cm-a¿iw Xe-s°-´ns‚ hymJym\w Xs∂-bt√? "the-°m-
ct\m bP-am-\-t\m?' F∂ Xe-s°´v Cu teJ-\-Øn\v FX-amXw A\p-tbm-Py-
amWv?
$ ""Ipcn-in-te-‰n-b-Xn-\p-tijw Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂¬°p-∂-h-cm-Wt√m ]hm-N-I≥am¿''
kµ¿`-Ønse Bibw shfn-hm-°m≥ CØcw hmIy߃ ]cym]vX-amtWm? teJ-
\-Ønse kam-\-amb hmIy-߃ Is≠Øn ]cn-tim-[n-°p-I.
$ ""]c-am-Z¿iw h®v ]d-™m¬, Rm≥ F√m -b-¥-ß-sfbpw _ln-jvI-cn-°pw. Bfl-
km-£m-XvIm-c-Øn\v klm-bn-°mØ Cu icocw Dt]-£n-°p-hm\pw Bflm-hns‚
tIh-e-amb tam£-Øn\v bXv\n-°p-hm\pw Rm≥ Fßs\ Hcp-°-amtWm, AXp-t]m-
se-bm-Wn-Xv. B t\m- -Øn¬ Rm≥ F√m b¥-ß-sfbpw _ln-jvI-cn-°pw. F∂mepw
b¥-߃°p- ÿm-\-ap-≠v. ImcWw, ico-c-sØ-t∏mse Ah Hgn-®p-Iq-Sm-\mhmØ-
Xm-Wv.'' Km‘n-Pn-bpsS Cu A`n-]m-b-Ønse Bi-b-߃ hnI-kn-∏n-°p-I.
]d-™Xv: ""]´n-Wn-In-S-°p-Ibpw sXmgn-en-
√m-sX-bn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ Hcp P\-X-
bpsS apºn¬, ]hr-Øn-bp-sSbpw Iqen-
bmbn- p≈ £-W-hm-KvZm-\-Øn-s‚bpw cq]-
Øn-e-√msX ]Xy-£-s∏-Sp-hm≥ Cuiz-c-∂p-
t]mepw ss[cy-ap-≠m-hp-I-bn√'' (bMv
C¥y, 13˛10˛1921). AtX D]-\ym-k-Øn¬
`£Ww Ihn-X-bm-sW∂pw Km‘nPn
]Jym-]n-®p. ""hni-°p∂ P\-e-£-߃ Hcp
Ihn-Xbv°p th≠n tNmZn-°p∂p ˛ i‡n-
bp -≠m-°p∂ `£-W-Øn∂p th≠n.
Ah¿°v AXv sImSp-°p-I-b√ th≠Xv;
AX-h¿ kºm-Zn-°p-I-bmWp th≠-Xv. s\‰n-
bnse hnb¿∏p-sIm≠p amXta AXp
kºm-Zn-°m-\m-hp-I-bp≈p.'' cho-µ-\m-Y Sm-
tKm-dn-s\-t∏m-ep≈ Ihn-bm-h-s´, kn.hn.cma-
s\-t∏m-ep≈ imkvX-⁄-\m-h-s´, ImbnI-
I¿aw A\p-jvTn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-∂Xp sX‰m-
sW∂v Km‘nPn Dd®p ]d™p (lcn-P≥,
23˛2˛1947).
alm-flm-hns‚ am¿Kw
48
tIc-f-]m-Tm-hen ae-bmfw IX
$ b¥-hp-ambn _‘-s∏ v ]mT- m-KØp ]tbm-Kn-®n- p≈ ]Z-kw-Lm-X-߃ i≤n-°pI.
b¥_v-`m¥v ˛ b¥-tØm-Sp≈ `m¥v
b¥_v-`aw ˛ b¥-tØm-Sp≈ `aw
b¥hntcm[w ˛ b¥-tØm-Sp≈ hntcm[w
b¥bpKw ˛ b¥Øns‚ bpKw
b¥eLq-I-cWw ˛ b¥sØ eLq-I-cn-°¬
Ch-bvs°√mw Htc A¿Y-amtWm D≈-Xv? N¿®sNøp-I.
$ ""Rms\-Xn¿°p-∂Xv shdpw -b¥sØb√; b¥_v`m-¥n-s\-bm-Wv. ]bXv\w eLq-
Icn-°p∂ b¥sØ sNm√n-bmWv Cu `m¥v. a\p-jy¿ ]bXv\w eLq-I-cn®v Ah-
km\w Bbn-c-°-W-°n-\m-fp-Iƒ tPmen-bn-√msX sXcp-hp- sX≠n ]´n-Wn-In-S∂p
Nmhp-∂p. ]bXv\w eLq-I-cn-°-W-sa∂ tkh\at\m-`m-h-a-√, Zpcm-i-bmWv CXn--s‚-
sb√mw ASn-bnse t]c-W. k¿hi-‡n-bp-ap-]-tbm-Kn®v Rm≥ FXn¿°p-∂Xv Cu
hkvXp-ÿn-Xn-sb-bmWv''˛ Km‘n-Pn-bpsS Cu \ne-]m-Sp-Iƒ "tamtU¨ ssSwkv' F∂
Ne-®n-X-Øn¬ FX-tØmfw Bhn-jvI-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p≠v? N¿®sNøp-I.
49
krjvSn -i-‡n-Iƒ R߃
"tamtU¨ ssSwkv' ˛ B[p-\nI Ime-Øns‚
D¬°WvT-Iƒ
hn. sI. tPmk^v
IÆo-cn\pw Nncn-°p-an-S-bn-eqsS k©-cn®v
temI-sa-ßp-ap≈ a\p-jy-cpsS lrZ-b-Øn-
te°p ]mew ]WnX Ne-®n-X-Im-c-\mWv
Nm¿en Nmπn≥. sNdnb aoibpw Ab™
]m‚ vkpw Cdp -Inb tIm´pw sNdnb
sXm∏nbpw ssIbn¬ hSn -bp -ambn
temIsØ IogS°nb Nmπn -≥IYm -
]mX߃ \ΩpsS Xs∂ hn-`n∂ cq]-ß-
fm-Wv. Zcn-Zs‚ Bflmhv sXm´dn™
Nmπn≥ Zmcn-Zy-Øns‚ am\m]-am-\߃
temIa\ m-£n°p-a-p-ºn¬ Xpd-∂p-Im-´n.
A[zm\w BÀm-Z-I-c-amb A\p- h-am-Ip-∂-
Xn¬\n∂v a\p-jysc XS-bp-∂, a\p-jysc
kz¥w A[zm-\-^-e-Øn¬ \n∂v A\ycm-
°p∂ b¥-h¬IrX kaq-l-Øn-s\-Xn-sc-
bmWv Nmπns‚ "B[p-\n-I-Imew' (Mod-ern times) F∂ kn\na kwkm-cn-°p-∂-
Xv. B[p-\n-I-bp-K-Øn¬ a\pjy≥ b-¥-
ambn amdp-∂Xv F\n°v temI-tØmSp ]d-
tb-≠-Xp-≠v, AXp-sIm-≠mWv Rm≥
"tamtU¨ ssSwkv' \n¿an®Xv F∂v
Nmπn≥ ]d™n-´p-≠v. Ne-®n-X-Im-c-∑mcpw
Ne-®n-X-\n-cq-]-Icpw A°m-Z-an-Ifpw Hs°
tem-IsØ G‰hpw \√ kn\n-a-I-fpsS ]´n-
I-I-fn¬ \n¿_-‘-ambpw ÿm\w \¬Ip∂
H∂mWv "tamtU¨ ssSwkv.' Cu kn\na
ho≠pw ImWp-tºmƒ AXns\ Ncn-X-]-c-
ambpw kuµ-cy-im-kvX-]-c-ambpw Fß-s\-
bmWv AS-bm-f-s∏-Sp-ØpI F∂p-≈Xv
Hmtcm t]£-I-s‚bpw At\z-j-W-amWv.
As√-¶n¬ C°m-eØpw F¥p-sIm-≠mWv
hfsc ][m-\s∏´Xpw ]nb-s∏-´-Xp-ambn
Cu kn\na \ne-\n¬°p-∂-sX∂ At\z-
j-Wm-flI ]T-\-ßfn-te°v Hmtcm t]£-
I\pw k©-cn-t°-≠-Xp-≠v.
1936-˛¬ \n¿an-® Cu kn\nabpsS ]ta-b-
]-cn-kcw 1930˛Ifn¬ Ata-cn-°sb Kkn®
`oI-c-amb kmº-ØnIamµyhpw XI¿®-
bpam-Wv. At-XmsS e£°W°n\p a\p-
jy-cmWv s]s´∂v \nkz-cmbn sXcp-hn-em-
°-s∏- -Xv. \qdp-I-W-°n-\v mIvS-dn-Iƒ ]q´n.
50
tIc-f-]m-Tm-hen ae-bmfw IX
sXcp-hn¬ sX≠n-Ifpw Zcn-
Zcpw \nd-™p. Cu A\p-`-
h-ß-fmWv B[p-\nIIme-
Øns‚ km£y-ambn kn\n-
a -bn¬ ]Xy -£-s∏-´ -X v .
em`sØ amXw ap≥\n¿Øn
]h¿Øn-°p∂ b¥-
h¬Ir-X-amb Hcp kmaq-
lnI - ˛ -km -º -ØnIhyh -
ÿbpw kaqlhpw Fß-s\-
bmWv a\p-jy-Xz-c-ln-X-ambn-
Øo-cp-∂-sX∂pw Fß-s\-
bm -Wv AXv XI¿∂-Sn -
bp∂sX∂pw Cu kn\na
Im´nØcp∂p.
kn\nabn¬ Nmπn≥ Hcp ^mIvS-dn-sØmgn-
em -fn -bm -Wv . ITn\ -hpw hni -aan -
√mØXpamb sXmgnepw AXns‚ bm¥n-
I-Xbpw apX-emfn krjvSn-°p∂ kΩ¿Z-
ßfpw mIvSdnbnse A¥-co-£hpw Hs°-
s°m≠v Nmπns‚ at\m-\ne sX‰p-∂p. Hcn-
°¬ tPmen-°n-S-bn¬ Nmπn≥ b¥-߃°-
IØv s]´pt]mbn. henb NI-߃°p-≈n-
eqsSbp≈ k©mcw Abm-fpsS a\- ns‚
ka-\ne ]msS XI¿ØpIf-™p. ^mIvS-
dn-bn¬\n∂v -Abmsf Hcmw-_p-e≥kn¬
at\m-tcm-Km-ip-]-Xn-bn-em-°p-∂p. Iptd
\mfp-Iƒ°p-tijw Nmπn≥ Bip-]Xn
hnSp-tºm-tg°pw ^mIvSdn ]q´n-°-gn-™n-
cp∂p. sXcp-hn¬ sXmgnem-fn-Iƒ ]I-S\w
\S-Øp-∂-Xn-\n-S-bn-te-°mWv CsXm∂pw
Adn-bmsX Nmπn-s\-Øp-∂Xv. Ft¥m
km[-\߃ Ib-‰n-t∏mb temdn-bn¬ A]-
I-Skq-N-\-bmbn \m´n-bn-cp∂ Nph∂
sImSn Xmsg-ho-WXp I≠v AsX-SpØv
hoins°m≠v temdn-°m-cpsS i≤ £Wn-
°m≥ ian-°p-tºmtg°pw Nmπns‚ ]nd-
In¬ sXmgn-em-fn-I-fpsS ka-c-PmY FØn-
°-gn -™p. Nmπn\mWv PmY-bpsS
t\Xmsh∂p IcpXn t]meokv Abmsf
AdÃv sNbvXv Pbnenem-°p-∂p. ]pdØp
hcp-tºmƒ Zcn - Zbpw A\m-Y-bp -amb
Kmans\ I≠p-ap- p-∂p. ]c-kv]cw CjvS-s∏-
Sp∂ Ah-cpsS k¶-S-ßfpw t]meokv ]oU-
\-ßfpw sXm-gn-en\pth≠n-bp≈ Ae-
®nepw Hs°-bmbn IY ]ptcm-K-an-°p∂p.
F√m ]Xn-_-‘-ß-sfbpw _p≤n-ap-´p-I-
sfbpw AXn -Po -hn -°m-\p≈ \n›-b-
Zm¿VytØmsS Nmπn\pw Imap-Inbpw Hcp-
an®v \oßp-tºmƒ kn\na Ah-km-\n-
°p∂p. ]m¿izh¬°cn -°-s∏-´ -hcpw
A[xÿn-X-cp-amb a\p-jy¿°v Pohn-X-
Øns‚ ssZ\w-Zn-\m-h-iy-߃ \nd-th-‰m≥
Ign-bmØ kmaq-lym-hÿsb°p-dn-®p≈
Bi-¶-Iƒ Cu kn\na aptºm´p hbv°p-
∂p. C∆n -[ -Øn -ep≈ ASn -ÿm\
kwL¿j-ßsfbpw sshcp-[y-ß-sfbpw
AS-bm-f-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ kn\na Zcn-Z-s‚
]£wtNcp-∂p≠v.
kn\na Bcw-`n -°p -∂-Xv, henb Hcp
t¢m°ns‚ t¢mk∏v Zriy-Øn-emWv.
AXns‚ kqNn-Iƒ 6 aWn-bn-te°v FØn-
s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. kvIo\n¬ Xmsg-∏-d-
bp∂ hmIrw Fgp-Xn-°m-Wn-°p-∂p. ""Astory of industry, of individualenterprise-humanity crusading in thepursuit of happiness'' (hyh-km-b-
Øns‚ IY, Hcp sshb-‡nI kwcw`-
Øns‚ IY ˛ am\-h-cmin B\µw tXSn
51
krjvSn -i-‡n-Iƒ R߃
\S-Øp∂ Ipcn -ip -bp -≤-Øns‚ IY.) -
AXn\p tijw ]Xy-£-s∏-Sp∂ c≠p
tjm´p-Iƒ kn\n-a-bpsS ]ta-b-sØbpw
AXns‚ k©mchgn-sbbpw kqNn-∏n-°p-
∂-Xm-Wv. ]ikvX djy≥ kwhn-[m-b-I\pw
ssk≤m-¥n -I-\p -amb sFk≥Ãns‚
ss[j-WnI sam≠mjv (Intelectualmontage) BWv Cu Zriy-I-ao-I-c-W-
Øn\v D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. hyXykvX
A¿Y-ß-fp≈ c≠v tjm´p-Iƒ Iq´n-tbm-
Pn-∏n-°p-tºmƒ aq∂m-a-sXmcp A¿Yw P\n-
°p∂p F∂ kn≤m-¥-am-W-Xv. Iyma-dbv°v
A`n-ap-J-ambn k©-cn-°p∂ sNΩ-cn-bm-Sp-
I-fpsS Iq´-Øns‚ Db¿∂- tImWnepff
hnZqcZriyw (ssl BwKn-ƒ temMv tjm v)
BWv BZy -tØ-Xv . AXn¬\n∂v
Untkmƒhv sNøp∂Xv t -dmUn -eqsS
^mIvS-dn-bn-te°p hcp∂ sXmgn-em-fn-I-
fpsS k-am\amb ZriyØn--te°mW.v sXmgn-
em-fn-Isf arK-ß-sf-t∏mse Icp-Xp∂ Hc-
h-ÿ-sb-bmWv AXp kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv.
hy‡n-]-c-amb CjvSm-\n-jvS-ß-tfm kzX-
¥-amb ]h¿Ø-\-tam km[y-a-√mØ Hcp
B´n≥]-‰-Øns‚ Ah-ÿ-t]mse Zb-\o-
b-amWv sXmgn-em-fn-I-fpsS Ahÿ. \nc-
h[n hymJym-\-߃°v hg-ßp∂ Cu Zriy-
ß-fn¬ C\nbpw kqN-\-I-fp-≠v. shfpØ
B´n≥]-‰ -Øn -\n -S -bn¬ Hcp IdpØ
BSns\ ImWmw. AXv s]mXp-Im-gvN-
bn¬\n∂pw H‰-s∏-´p-\n¬°p∂ H∂n-s\-
bmWv AS-bm-f-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xv. sXmgn-em-fn-
I-fpsS Zb-\o-bm-h-ÿ-sb-°p-dn®v A\p-Xm-
]-]q¿W-amb Hcp s]mXp-\n-e-]mSv kzoI-
cn-°p-tºmƒØs∂ -Nm-πn≥IYm-]m-X-
Øns‚ sshb-‡n-Im-\p-`-h-ß-fn-te°pw
t]mcm-´ßfn-te°pamWv kn\na tIµo-I-
cn-°p-∂Xv F∂p thW-sa-¶n¬ hmbn-s®-
Sp-°mw.
^mIvS-dn-bnse Zriy-߃ B[p-\nI hymh-
km-bn-I-Im-e-Øns‚ kwL¿j-ßfpw
kΩ¿Z-ßfpw sXmgn-em-fn-Isf Fß-s\-
bmWv b¥-ßfm-°p-∂Xv F∂p shfn-s∏-
Sp-Øp-∂-XmWv. H∂p izmkw hnSm-t\m,
apJØv h∂n-cn-°p∂ Hco-®sb B´n-°-f-
bmt\m-t]mepw BhmØ hn[-Øn¬
tPmen`mcambncp-∂p -A°m-eØv. A[zm-
\-Øn¬\n∂v BÀ-m-Z-Øn-\p -]-Icw aSp∏pw
bm¥n-I-XbpamWv e`n-°p-∂-Xv. Nmπn≥
sNbvXp-sIm≠n-cn-°p∂ tPmen i≤n-®m¬
C°mcyw a\- n-emhpw. sXmgn-em-fn-I-fpsS
apºn-eqsS AXn-thKw \oßp∂ Akwªn
sse\n-ep≈ \´v kv]m\¿sIm≠v apdp-
°p∂ tPmen-bmWv Abmƒ°v. H∂n\p-]n-
dsI H∂mbn Abm-fpsS apºn -eqsS
\oßp∂ \´p-Iƒ Abmƒ AXn-th-K-Øn¬,
bm¥n-I-ambn apdp-°n-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂p.
tPmenk-abØn\ptijhpw Iptd-k-abw
Nmπns‚ ssIIƒ CtX-co-Xn-bn¬ Nen-®p-
sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xp ImWmw. \´ns‚ BIr-
Xn-bn¬ ImWp∂ F¥pw, a‰p a\p-jy-cpsS
hkvX-ß-fn -ep≈ _´-\p -Iƒt]mepw
kv]m\¿sIm≠v apdp-°m≥ Nmπn≥ ian-
°p-tºmƒ \Ωƒ B¿Øp-Nn-cn-°p-sa-¶nepw
AXn-s‚-b-Sn-bn¬ \Sp-°p∂ Zpc-¥-Øns‚
Nqfw-hn-fn-I-fp-≠v. `£-W-k-abw em`n-°p-
∂-Xn\p th≠n I≠p-]n-Sn-® Hcp ]pXnb
b¥w ]co -£n -°p -∂-X v Nncn -bp -
W¿Øp∂tXmsSm -∏w apX-em -fn -Ø-
Øns‚bpw b¥-kw-kvIr-Xn-bp-sSbpw a\p-
jy-Xz-c-ln-X-amb hnIm-k-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈
ap∂-dn-bn-∏p-I-f-pw \¬Ip∂p. b¥-߃
`bm-\-Iamw hn[w a\p-jysc hebw sNbv-
Xn -c n -°p∂p F∂-Xns‚ kqN-\ -Iƒ
52
tIc-f-]m-Tm-hen ae-bmfw IX
\¬Ip∂ \nc-h[n Zr-iy-߃ kn\n-a-bn-epS-
\ofap≠v.
kn\n-a-bn¬ i_vZw D]-tbm-Kn-®p-Xp-S-ßn-
Gsd \mƒ°p-tijamWv Nm-πn≥ hfsc
kq£n®v aSn®paSn®v i_vZap]-tbm-Kn-®Xv.
sX≠nbpw Zcn-Z\pw tImam-fnbpw a\p-jy-
kvt\-lnbpw Bb Nmπn≥ IYm-]mXw
kwkm-cn-®p tIƒ°m≥ temI-sa-ßp-ap≈
t]£-I¿ sImXn-tbmsS ImØn-cp-∂p.
]t£, i_vZ -Øns‚ D]-tbm -KsØ
th≠X kzoI-cn-°mØ ssk≤m¥nI-\n-
e-]m-SmWv Nmπn≥ kzoI-cn-®-Xv. "tamtU¨
ssSwkn'¬ Nne-bn-SØv dn°m¿Uv sNbvX
kwKo-Xtam a‰p i_vZ-ßtfm D]-tbm-Kn-
°p-∂p-≠v. Hm¿°-kvS-bpsS kar-≤-amb
kwKo-Xhpw hnkn¬ i_vZw, sskd-\p-Iƒ,
aWn-b-Sn-sbm-®-Iƒ F∂n-ß-s\-bp≈ ]cn-
k-c-i-_vZ-ßfpw CXn-s‚ i_vZ]YØn--¬
D]-tbm -Kn -®n -´p -≠v . kw`m -jW`mj
\menSØv amXamWv D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-
∂Xv. Cu kw`m-j-W-sa√mw b¥-ß-fp-
ambn _‘-s∏´XmsW-∂Xv A¿Y-K¿`-
amWv. ^mIvS-dn- apX-emfn A-bm-fpsS apdn-
bn-en-cp-∂p- t¢mkvUv k¿Iyq´v sSen-hn-j-
\n -eqsS ^mIvS -dn -°p -≈nse Hmtcm
skIvj\n-sebpw tPmen-Iƒ \nco-£n-°p-
Ibpw CS-bv°nsS tPmen-bpsS thKw Iq´m-
\p≈ \n¿tZ-i-߃ \¬-Ip-Ibpw sNøp-
∂p≠v. ChnsS `mj A[n-Im-c-Øn-s‚bpw
\nb-¥-W-Øn-s‚bpw mK-am-bmWv ]tbm-
Kn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. CXv hfsc ][m-\-s∏´
Hcp kao-]-\-am-Wv. B[p\nIkaq-l-Øn¬
`mj hne-°p-I-fmbpw Im]-Sy-]-tbm-
Kßfmbpw A-an-Xm-[n-Im-c-]-tbm-K-ambpw
D]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏-Sp-I-bm-sW∂v Nmπn≥
D¬°-WvT-s∏-Sp∂p-.
b¥-߃°n-S-bnse apjn-∏-\mb bm¥n-
I-tPm-en-Iƒ a\p-jysc A[zm-\-Øn¬\n∂v
A\y-h¬°-cn-°p-sa∂pw Ah-km\w b¥-
h¬°-cWß-fn-eqsS a\p-jym-[zm\w Xs∂
]pd-¥-≈-s∏-Sp-sa-∂pw a\p-jysc sXmgn¬c-
ln-X-cm-°p-sa-∂p-ap≈ Nmπns‚ `oXn Gd-
°ptd bmYm¿Yy-am-bn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-
W-t√m. b¥ßƒ a\p-jy¿°ptaepw
am\hnI-X-bv°p-taepw AXns‚ a¥-≥Im-
ep-IƒsIm≠v Nhn- p-Ibpw a\p-jy-sc-bmsI
b¥-k-am -\-cm -°p -Ibpw sNøp-sa∂v
Nmπn≥ b-s∏-Sp-∂p-≠v. B oXnbpw AXn-
t\mSp _‘-s∏´ kmaq-lnIk-a-ky-I-fp-
amWv Nmπn≥ Xs‚ "tamtU¨ ssSwkv'
F∂ NnX-Øn-e-h-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. a\p-jy≥
hnIm-c-hn-Nm-c-ß-fn-√mØ b¥-ß-fm-hp-
Ibpw b¥-ß-fn¬Øs∂ IpSp-ßn-t∏m-hp-
Ibpw sNøp∂ b¥-h¬IrX kaq-l-
Øns‚ B]¬kq-N-\-IƒsIm≠v Cu
kn\na Hcp Ne-®nX ]_-‘-Øns‚
Zm¿i-\n-I-Ku-chw ssIh-cn-°p-∂p. Zriy-
߃°v _mlym¿Y-Øn¬\n∂p hyXy-
kvX-ambn cmjvSob˛kmº-Øn-Im¿Y-߃
kar-≤-ambn \¬I-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂p. Npcp-°-
Øn¬, "tamtU¨ ssSwkv' AS-°-ap≈
Nmπn≥kn\n-a-Iƒ Imem-Xn-h¿Øn-bm-hp-
∂Xv, Htc-k-abw Imen-Ihpw Imem-Xo-X-
hp-amb ]iv\-ß-f-h-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂-Xp-sIm-
≠m-Wv. ]oUn-X-cp-sS, Ah-K-Wn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-
h-cp-sS, H∂p-an-√mØ km[m-cW a\p-jy-
cpsS [m¿an-I-X-bn¬\n∂pw bp‡n-hn-Nm-
c-ß-fn¬\n∂pw cq]w-sIm-≈p∂ temI-h-
gn-I-fmWv "tamtU¨ ssSw-kn'epw sXfn-
bp-∂Xv.
53
krjvSn -i-‡n-Iƒ R߃
$ Nmπn≥kn\n-a-I-fnse Nncn-bpsS ]n∂n¬ IÆo-cns‚ \\hpw Zpc-¥-Øns‚ Nqfw-
hnfn-I-fp-ap-s≠∂v \nco-£n-°-s∏-´n-´p-≠v. "tamtU¨ ssSwkn'epw Cu khn-ti-jX
Is≠-Øm-\m-hp-tam? Zriy-߃ hni-I-e\w sNbvXv \nß-fpsS \nco-£-W-߃ Ah-
X-cn-∏n-°p-I.
$ Ne-®n-X-Øns‚ XpS-°-Øn¬ IS∂phcp∂ B´n≥]-‰-ßfpsSbpw sXmgn-em-fn-
IfpsSbpw Db¿∂ tImWn-ep≈ hnZqcZriysØ teJ-I≥ hymJym-\n-®n-´p-≠t√m.
km[y-X-bp≈ a‰p Zriy-߃ kn\n-a-bn¬\n∂p Is≠Øn hymJym-\n-°p-I.
$ ""Xe-bn¬ NIn-cn-t®mdpw XncpIn
sX≠n-\-S°pw Igp-X-Itf
sImSnbpw tbmK-hp-sam∂pw \n߃˛
°pS-b-h-cm-In-s√mcp \mfpw
F√p-\pdp-sß-b-S-ßn-sbm-Xpßn
h√-Xp-an-hn-sS-∏-Wn-sN-bvXm¬
]´n-Wn-sb-¶n-ep-an-√m-X-c-h-b¿
IjvSn-®n-ßs\ \nd-bn-°mw.-''
kwkvIm-c-Øns‚ \mf-߃ ˛ hb-em¿ cma-h¿a
Cu at\m-`mhw Xs∂-bmtWm "tamtU¨ ssSwkn' se ^mIvSdn DS-a-bnepw ImWp-
∂Xv? ]cn-tim-[n-°p-I.
$ Ne-®nX\ncq-]-W-߃ Is≠Øn hmbn-°p-I. \n߃°n-jvS-s∏´h Iq´p-Im-cp-ambn
]¶p-h-bv°p-Ibpw Ah-bpsS khn-ti-j-X-Iƒ N¿®sNøp-Ibpw thWw.
$ ""acn-®n-´n-√m -R-߲
fnt∂m-f-˛-sam-cp-\mfpw
acn°n; s√mSp-ßmØ
krjvSn-i-‡n-Iƒ R߃''
Cu hcn-Ifnse BibØneq∂n Km‘n-P-b¥nZn\-Øn¬ \S-Øm-\p≈ Hcp ]kwKw
Xbm-dm-°p-I.
54
tIc-f-]m-Tm-hen ae-bmfw IX
Is√-dn-bp-∂-h¿
kn. hn. iocm-a≥
Cu ap m-hcn _w•m-hns‚ hmXn¬°¬
ImØn-cn∏v Bcw-`n-®n´v A[nIw \mfp-I-fm-
bn-´n-√. ]t£, £a-bpsS bpK-ß-fm-bn-
cp∂p.
]n∂o-sSm-s°, BImw-£-tbm-sS-b-√, Bi-
¶-tbm-sS-bp-a-√, Hcp hgn-]mSv FØn-°p∂
\njvT-tbmsS amXw ChnsS hcp-∂p.
ImØn-cn-°p-∂p.
shbn¬ h¿[n-®p-h-cp-tºmƒ Dd-ßp-∂p.
DWcp-tºmƒ shbn¬ aßn-°m-Wpw.
At∏mƒ ]Xps° Fgp-t∂‰p sN∂v tNmZn-
°pw....
""C∂v F≥Iz-bdn D≠m-hn-s√-∂pt≠m?''
tIƒ°m-Ø-Xp-sIm-≠-√. hm®vta≥ adp-]Sn
]d-bn-√.
tNmZyw Bh¿Øn-®m¬ Cß-s\-sbmcp adp-
]Sn In´pw:
""Hm^o-k¿ hcp-tºmƒ apdn Xpd-∂p-sIm-Sp-
°p-hm≥ F\n°v B¿U¿ D≠v....''
Hm^o-k¿ hcptam?
£oWn® kzc-Øn-ep≈ Cu tNmZy-߃°v
Hcn-°epw adp-]Sn In´m-dn-√.
Ign™ F√m Xh-Wbpw Cß-s\-sbm-
s°-Øs∂ kw`-hn®p.
GXm≠v k‘y-tbm -S -Sp -°p -tºmƒ
hm®vta≥ h∂p ]dbpw;
""t^m¨ h∂n-cn-°p-∂p. C∂v Hm^o-k¿
hcn√....''
""F≥Iz-bdn Ft∂-°mWv \o´n-bXv F∂v
h√Xpw ]d-™n-´pt≠m?''
hm®vta\v tZjyw hcpw.
""Ds≠-¶n¬ Rm\Xv ]d-bnsey sl....''
55
krjvSn -i-‡n-Iƒ R߃
]ns∂ hm®vta≥ A[n-Imcw ImWn-°pw.
""F√m-hcpw ]pd-Øp-t]m-Ww. Rm≥ ]Sn
AS-bv°m≥ t]mIp-∂p.''
ASpØ F≥Iz-b-dn-bpsS XobXn F∂pw
Ccp-´n¬Øs∂. Abmfpw km£n-Ifpw
Xncn-®p-t]m-Ipw.
Znh-k-߃°p-ti-jw, Nne-t∏mƒ amk-
߃°p-tijw F≥Iz-bdn XobXn \n›-
bn-®p-sIm-≠p≈ Iev]\ In´pw.
A∂pw Xncn-®p-t]m-cp-tºmƒ k‘y-a-b-
ßpw. a\- n-tem, A\n-›n-X-Xz-Øns‚
Ccp´v ]cs° ]S¿∂n-cn-°pw.
Aßs\ Xh-W-I-fmbn F≥Iz -bdn
\ofp∂p.
C∂pw Abmƒ t\ctØ FØn-bn-cp-∂p.
Hcp t]md¬ t]mepw G¬∏n-°m-sX,
SmIvkn-bn¬ \n∂v km£n-I-sfbpw Cd-°n.
Hmtcm XhW hcp-tºmgpw km£n-I-fpsS
apJw IqSp-X¬ ho¿Øn-cn-°pw. Ah-cpsS
kzc-Øn¬ apdp-ap-dp∏v h¿[n-®p-h-cp-∂p.
ChnsS FØn-bm¬ Abmƒ°pw km£n-
Iƒ°pw Ht∂ sNbvXp-Xo¿°m-\p-≈q.
ImØn-cn-∏v.... Nmb-Ip-Sn... ]ns∂bpw Nmb.....
D®-`-£-Ww.... ]ns∂ ap m-hcn _w•m-
hns‚ DΩ-dØv D®-bp-d-°w....
C∂v hm®vta≥ hmXn¬ amX-a√, P\-ep-
Ifpw ae¿s° Xpd-∂n-´n-cn-°p-∂p. Itk-c-
bpsS apI-fn¬ ]¶ D®-Øn¬ Xncn-bp-∂p.
k¿°m¿ÿm]-\-ß-fn¬ Bfp-Iƒ°√
]¶ Xncn-bp-∂Xv, Itk-c-bv°m-W-t√m....
hm®vta≥ hnfw-_cw \¬In. Hm^o-k¿
ÿe-sØ-Øn-bn-´p-≠v. kX-Øn-ep-≠v....
Ct∏mƒ Aº-e-Øn¬ sXmgm≥ t]mbn-cn-
°p-∂p....
F≥Iz-bdn D≠m-hpw. Bfp-Iƒ Chn-sS-
Øs∂ D≠m-h-Ww.
Abmƒ s_©n-en-cp∂p. s]mSn-Xp-S®v
km£n-I -sfbpw Ccp -Øn. Abmƒ
Hm¿Øp....
F≥Iz-bdn as‰-∂-tØbpw t]mse-b-√.
C∂v AsXmcp anYy -b -√m -Xm -hm≥
t]mIp∂p. tNmZy-߃ ]h-ln-°pw.
tNmZy-ßsf Iogvs∏-Sp-Øp∂ DØ-c-߃
Abmƒ kw`-cn-®p-h-®n-cp-∂p. km£n-I-
sfbpw ]Tn-∏n-®n-cp-∂p.
s]s´∂v a\- n¬ Bcp-sStbm hm°p-Iƒ
apg-ßp-∂p.
Cßs\ Ccp-∂-Xp-sIm-s≠m∂pw e-an-√.
Xe-ÿm-\-Øp-t]mbn Hm^o-ksd H∂v
t\cn¬ ImW-cp-tXm. ]cn-N-b-ap≈ Bf-
t√....
Abmƒ kt¶m-N-s∏-´p. Hm^o-k-dp-ambn
h¿j-߃°p-apºv GXm\pw \mfsØ ]cn-
N-b-ap-≠v. ]t£, kap-Zw-t]mse ]c∂p
InS-°p∂ hIp∏v. AXnse Hcp IogvPo-h-\-
°m-cs\ Hm^o-k¿ Hm¿Øn-s√-∂p-Xs∂
hcpw.
Hcp-]-t£, ^ew adn-®m-In-s√∂v Bcp
I≠p.
Hcp F≥Iz-bdn Hm^o-ksd kzm[o-\n-°m≥
h∂n-cn-°p-∂p, At√?
F∂mepw C∂v IÆn-b‰ Nn¥-I-fn¬
AXpw ÿew ]nSn-°p-∂p.
H∂p t\cn¬ ImWm-am-bn-cp-∂p.
t\cn¬ I≠m¬ Xncn-®-dn-bp-sa-∂p-h-cn-√.
Xm≥ C∂v F¥pamXw amdn-t∏m-bn-cn-
°p∂p....
AIm-e-hm¿[-Iyhpw AImeNc-ahpw Xm≥
tPmensNøp∂ hIp-∏ns‚ I\nhpw ]mcn-
tXm-jn-I-ß-fp-am-Wv. Cu hIp-∏nse tPmen-
°m¿°v ZmcnZyw IqSmsX e`n-°p∂
H∂p≠v ˛ aZyw.
Aan-X-am-bn, Ime-ß-fmbn ioen-®p-t]m-∂-
Xns‚ ]mSp -Iƒ ico -c -Øn -\ -IØpw
]pdØpw ImWmw.
IpSpw-_-t¢iw sIm≠v a\ pw ih-∏-d-ºm-
bn-cn-°p-∂p.
56
tIc-f-]m-Tm-hen ae-bmfw IX
Ccp-]-Ø©v h¿j-߃ Xp\n-™n´pw
HutZym-KnIPohn-X-Øn¬ Ib-dm≥ Ign-
™Xv Hcp -]Sn amX-am-Wv. H∏-ap-≠m-bn-cp-
∂-h¿ GWn-∏-Sn-Iƒ Ib-dn-°-bdn t]mIp-
tºmƒ s_ms°bpw amebpw ]p©n-cnbpw
kΩm-\n-®n-´p-≠v. ]p©n-cn-°p- amXw Aan-
X-amb hne- sIm-Sp-Øn-´p-≠v.
C∂v ]Sn-I-b-dm-\p≈ tamlw t]mepw
Aÿm-\-Øm-Wv. kkvs]≥j≥ ]n≥h-
en®v Fß-s\-sb-¶nepw tPmen-bn¬ Ib-
dn-∏-‰n-bm¬ aXn-bm-bn-cp-∂p....
C∂v F≥Iz-b-dn-bpsS kabw ASp-Ø-
t∏mƒ Abmƒ Hm¿Øp: F¥mWv Xs‚
t]cn-ep≈ Btcm-]-Ww?
hmßn-°p-∂Xv tImg-bm-sW∂v hmßp-∂-
h≥ Nn¥n-°m-dpt≠m.....
sImSp-°p-∂Xv ssI°q-en-bm-sW∂v sImSp-
°p-∂-h≥ Nn¥n-®n-´pt≠m.....
Hcp kº-Zm-bw.
Bh-iy-°m¿ AwKo-I-cn® Hcp kº-
Zmbw....
]t£, Xs‚ t]cn¬ C∂v AsXmcp
Nm¿Pmbn D∂-bn-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂p.
AXns‚ kzc-Øn\v Zm¿Vyw aq¿On-
°p∂p....
Hcp ]uc-t\mSv ssI°qen tNmZn-®n-cn-
°p∂p.
DSs\ \S-]-Sn-I-fm-bn....
At\z-j-W-hn-t[-b-amb kkvs]≥j≥.
hIp∏ptae-[n-Im-cn-sb-s°m≠v At\z-
jWw.
]Xn-hp-t]mse C∂pw Abmƒ Hm¿Øp:
BZy-ambn In´nb ssI°q-en.... k¿°m¿
DtZym-K-ÿs‚ DSp-∏p -amXw [cn-°m≥ XpS-
ßnb Imew... k¿°m¿ DtZym-K-ÿs‚
apJtam a\t m FSp-Ø-Wn-bm≥ ssIhn-
cpXv t\Sn-bn-´p-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√.
Hcp sNdnb sI´n-S-Øns‚ G‰hpw HSp-hn-
esØ apdn-bm-bn-cp-∂p A∂sØ Hm^okv.
Abmƒ A[n-I-k-a-bhpw ]pd-tØ°p
t\m°n-bn-cn-°pw. Np‰pw, ]Sn-]-Sn-bmbn
Db¿∂p-t]m-Ip∂ s\¬∏m-S-߃. s\¬∏m-
S-߃ AIse ae-bn-Sp-°p-I-fn¬ sN∂-h-
km-\n-°p-∂p. Ahn-SsØ agbv°v F¥p-
`w-Kn-bm-bn-cp-∂p! ]tXy-In®pw Icn-º-\-°m-
Sp-I-fn¬ DXn-cp∂ ag-bv°v.
A∂sØ kl-]-h¿Ø-Isc apgp-h\pw
Hm¿°p-∂p. taep-tZym-K-ÿs\ C∂pw
Hm¿°p-∂p. At±lw F¥p-amXw Db¿∂p-
t]m-bn.
As∂m-cp-Zn -hkw Hcp tIm¨Sm-IvS¿
ssek≥kv ]pXp-°p-hm≥ h∂n-cp-∂p.
XnI®pw A¿ln-°p∂ Imcyw. Ignbpw thK-
Øn¬ sNbvXp-sIm-Sp-Øp. Imcyw km[n-
®p-sIm-Sp-Ø-t∏mƒ B a\p-jy≥ Ioi-bn¬
\ns∂mcp Ih¿ FSp-Øp.
""Dw?''
Abmƒ apJ-ap-b¿Øn.
""CXv ]Xn-hp-≈-Xm-Wv.''
""sIm≠p-t]m-Iq.... anÿ, \nß-fpsS
]Xnhv.''
IqSp -X¬ ]d-b-W-sa-∂p-≠m-bn -cp -∂p.
]t£, Abmƒ°v InX-∏p-tXm-∂n. \m°n\v
hcĨbpw.
tIm¨Sm-IvS¿ AsXm-cn-°epw ]Xo-£n-
®-X-√. Abmƒ `b-∂p-\n-∂p. ]ns∂ Cd-
ßn-t∏m-bn.
Ipd-®p-k-a-b-Øn-\p-tijw taep-tZym-K-ÿ≥
Abmsf hnfn®v B tIm¨Sm -IvS¿
t]mtbm-sb∂v Bcm-™p.
""t]mbn km¿.''
""Xm≥ F¥m Fs∂ I≠n´v t]mIm≥ ]d-
bm-Xn-cp-∂-Xv.... CXbv°v hnhcw Ct√y?''
Abmƒ Ip‰-t_m-[-tØmsS angn-®p-\n-∂p.
""Ft¥sSm angn-®p-\n¬°p-t∂, t]mbn B
a\p-jys\ hnfn-®p-sIm≠v hcq. h∂n-s√-
¶n¬ Ahs‚ ssek≥kv Rm≥ sXdn-
∏n°pw F∂v ]d-bq...''
57
krjvSn -i-‡n-Iƒ R߃
Abmƒ B a\p-jys\ tXSn ]pd-s∏-´p.
hnhcw ]d-™-t∏mƒ B a\p-jy≥ BsI
hnj-an-®p. Hcp IS-°m-c-s\-t∏mse ]Xp-ßn.
IqsS-t∏m-cm≥ `b-∂p. ]Icw Iptd t\m´p-
Iƒ Hcp Ih-dn-en´v X∂p. ]ngbpw ]mb-
›n-Øhpw tN¿Øv.
B Ih¿ Abmƒ taep-tZym-K-ÿs\
G¬∏n-°p-tºmƒ hnh-i-\mbn Cß-s\-
sbms° Hm¿Øn-cp-∂p. taep-tZym-K-ÿ≥
]cn- -an-®v IÆp-Iƒ NnΩn thK-Øn¬ Ih¿
Ioi-bn-te°p XncpIpw. ]t£, taep-tZym-
K-ÿ≥ Ih¿ Xpd∂v kq£va-X-tbmsS
t\m´p-Iƒ c≠p ]mhiyw FÆn. iºfw
hmßp-tºmgpw taep-tZym-K-ÿ≥ Cßs\
c≠p ]mhiyw FÆnØn -s∏-Sp-Øm-dp-≠m-
bn-cp-∂p.
""X\n-°p-≈Xv Xm≥ tNmZn®v taSn-®pthm?''
""C√ km¿...''
""X\n°v lcn-›-µ-\m-hm-\m-sW-¶n¬ Cu
hIp-∏n¬ tNtc-≠n-bn-cp-∂n-√.''
taep-tZym-K-ÿs‚ apJØv A\p-Iº \ng-
en-®p. At±lw Ih-dn-\-IØp\n∂v c≠v
]Øp-cq] t\m´p-Iƒ FSpØv Abmƒ°p
sImSp-Øp. F∂n´v D]-tZ-in-®p:
""]pXnb Bfm-b-Xp-sIm≠v ]d-™p-X-cp-∂-
Xm-Wv. taem¬ X\n-°p-≈Xv Xm≥ tNmZn-
®p-ta-Sn-t®m-Ww...''
h¿j-߃ FX Ign -™p. Abmƒ
Hm¿Øpt\m°p-∂p. FXtbm tNmZn-®p-ta-
Sn-®p. `oj-Wn-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn´v FX hmßn-
bn-´p-≠v. XS-™p-\n¿Øn-bn´pw hmßn-
bn´p≠v.
As∂m∂pw ssI°q-en-°m-c-\m-bn-cp-∂n-√.
HSp-hn¬.....
c≠p-h¿j-߃°p-apºv Hcp ]cmXn h∂-
t∏mƒ Xm≥ ssI°q-en-°m-c-\m-bn......
AXv At\z-j-W-hn-t[-b-am-bn-cn-°p∂p.
Xm≥ ]m]w sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p. Is√-dn-bp-
hm≥ hn[n-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂p.
ap m-hcn _w•m-hns‚ ap‰-tØ°v Hcp Imdv
Ib-dn-h-∂p. XW¬ tXSn Imdv ssXam-
hns‚ Nph-´n-te°p \oßn. Imdns‚ tIcn-
b-dn¬ X´n IÆn-am-ß-Iƒ DXn¿∂p.
At\z-jW DtZym-K-ÿ≥ Imdn¬ \n∂pw
Cdßn. ap m-hcn _w•m-hns‚ DΩ-d-
tØ°v kq£va-X-tbmsS t\m°n.
]≠v t\m´p-Iƒ FÆp-tºmƒ ImWn®
AtX kq£va-X.
]ns∂ Imdn¬ \n∂v ^bev FSpØv
Aa¿Øn-®-hn-´n-s°m≠v \S-∂-Sp-°p-∂p....
Abm-fpsS a\- n¬ oXn-bpsS a™v ASn-
™p-Iq-Sp-∂p. IÆp-I-fn¬ \n -lm-b-X-
bpsS Iqcn-cp-´pw.
Ccp-´n¬ ImgvN \jvS-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn-\p-apºv
Abmƒ H∂p-IqsS t\m°n. ssIbnse
^b-en\v cq]m-¥-c-ap-≠m-Ip-∂p....
AXv Imcn-cp-ºns‚ \nd-ap-≈, L\-ap≈
Iq¿Ø Hcp ]md-°-√mbn amdp-∂p.
ZpxJnX-cpsS ZpxJw
58
tIc-f-]m-Tm-hen ae-bmfw IX
$ ""ap m-hcn _w•m-hns‚ ap‰-tØ°v Hcp Imdv Ib-dn-h-∂p. XW¬ tXSn Imdv ssXam-
hns‚ Nph-´n-te°p \oßn. Imdns‚ tIcn-b-dn¬ X´n IÆn-am-ß-Iƒ DXn¿∂p.
At\z-jW DtZym-K-ÿ≥ Imdn¬ \n∂pw Cdßn ap m-hcn _w•m-hns‚ DΩ-d-tØ°v
kq£v-a-X-tbmsS t\m°n.
"]≠v t\m´p-Iƒ FÆp-tºmƒ ImWn® AtX kq£va-X'˛ Cu hnh-cWw IYbpsS
A¿Y-hym-]vXn°v B°w Iq´p-∂Xv Fßs\?
$ IY Ah-km-\n-°p-∂Xv Cß-s\-bmWv:
""Ccp-´n¬ ImgvN \jvS-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn-\p-apºv Abmƒ H∂p-IqsS t\m°n, ssIbnse
^b-en\v cq]m-¥-c-ap-≠m-Ip-∂p...
AXv Imcn-cp-ºns‚ \nd-ap≈, L\-ap≈ Iq¿Ø Hcp ]md-°-√mbn amdp-∂p.''
"I√v' AXns‚ km[m-cW A¿Y-Øn¬\n∂pw `n∂-amb Nne A¿Y-߃ ChnsS
D≠m-°p-∂nt√? ]cn-tim-[n-°q.
$ B\µv kqNn-∏n-°p∂ ]´p-\q¬sØmgn-em-fn-I-fp-sSbpw Cu IY-bnse IYm-]m-X-ß-
fp-sSbpw sXmgn-en-t\m-Sp≈ \ne-]m-Sp-Iƒ Xmc-Xayw sNøp-I.
22
tIc-f-]m-Tm-hen ae-bmfw IX
""\mw hf¿Øn hep-Xm-°nb Cu ]pXnb Xe-apd
\sΩ H´pw Ku\n-°p-∂n-√. ]g-b-sXms° tamim∂m
Ah-cpsS ]£w. Ahcv ]gb hoSp-Iƒ s]mfn®v
]pXn-bXv ]Wn-bp-∂p. ]pXnb Xcw ho´p-]-I-c-W-
߃ hmßn-°p-∂p. AXn-s\-S-bn¬ \Ωƒ amX-amWv
]g-sbmcp hkvXp. AXn-Yn-Iƒ ImWmØ Hcp ap°n-
te°v \ΩsfØ≈pw. Ht∂m¿°Ww: \Ωfv Fgp-
]Xp-sIm√w ChsS Pohn-®-h-cm. Fs¥ms° I≠p!
tI´p! A\p-`-hn-®p! kzmX-¥y-k-a-c-Øn\v km£yw
hln-®p. NcnXw Poh-t\m-sS-bp-≈-Xv \ΩsS Xe-
t®m-dn -em-Wv. B¿s°-¶nepw AXm-h-iyt≠m?
\tΩmSv kwkm-cn-°m≥ Xs∂ Ahcv°v Ad-∏t√?''
2
$ Cu A`n-]m-b-tØmSv \n߃ tbmPn-°p-∂pt≠m? F¥p-
sIm≠v?
23
ImW-°msW
Atßho´n-te°v
CS-t»cn tKmhn-µ≥\mb¿
hnhm-l-tijw "tbmK-an-Øncn' h∂ptN¿∂ aI-fpsS hnh-c-ß-fdn-bmsX amXr-
lr-Zbw s\m¥p. `mcy-bpsS \n¿_‘w Imc-Ww, hr≤-]n-Xm-hn\v kº-∂-\mb
acp-a-Is‚ ho´n-te°p sN√n-s√∂ hm°p-sX-‰n-t°-≠n-h-∂p.
"Atß-ho- n-te°v' F∂ Ihn-X-bpsS Bap-J-ambn CS-t»cn Cßs\ ]d-bp∂p:
""Hcp aI≥ kvt\ln-X∑mtcmSvv A¥ ‰ thj-Øn¬ \n∂ A—-s\-°p-dn®v
"ChnsS Xmakn-°p∂ Bƒ' F∂v ]d-™-Xmbn Hcp IY tI´n-´p-≠v.
AØcsamc—s\ k¶ev]n-s®-gp-Xn-b-Xv.''
""]qapJw hnZyp-±o-]˛
tim-`-bm-temfw sh´p˛
amaWnl¿ay-Øns‚
ap‰Øp \n∂q hr≤≥.
am\y-am-bp-Sp-∏n´
c≠p-t]¿, kplr-Øp-°˛
fmbnSmw, PmamXmhp-˛
≠-h-scm-Øn-cn-°p-∂p.
At±lw I≠q, Xs∂,-
°-≠-hm-d-°¨I-fn¬
]tZym-Xn-®Xp lm¿Z-˛
kzm-K-X-sØ-fn-h-√,
\oc-k-°-d-bp-a,--
s√m´p kw`aw amXw;
t\cn-Sp-sa-Ω-s´-∂m˛
-an-Øcw _‘p-XzsØ!
aI-fp-Ω-d-sØ-Øn˛
-b-—-s\-°-≠q, `¿Ør˛
apJ-a-fiew t\m°n
\n -lm-b-bmbv \n∂q.
Im¿\n-g¬ \o¥o-Sp∂
I¨I-fm-e-hƒ ]ns∂˛
°m¬\-S-°m-c≥ \n¬°pw
]qgn-bn¬ ]qØq-In-\mƒ
]¥n-tI-sSt¥m tXm∂n
anX-ß-f-t\z-jn-®m˛
""sc¥p≈p hnti-j-an-˛
°n-g-h-\mcm''sW∂mbv
24
tIc-f-]m-Tm-hen ae-bmfw IX
hnfn®q ]qPn-°m-™n,-
´m-´n-tbm-Sn-°m-™n´pw
hnNn-X-sam-tc-Imew
Pmam-Xm-hn\p Zfiw!
Im¬°¬ hogvItbm th≠q,
t]msbmcp ap°n¬°-Æo¿
hm¿°tbm? høo -\n¬∏p
\n¬°p-hm≥ ]pXn-s°-∂mbv
Fßs\ t]mIpw? \n¬°pw?
Ipgßo, Ipg-bp∂
X∂psS Imen≥ Zfiw
hnkva-cn-s®mcp hr≤≥.
]¥n-tI-Sp-Iƒ I≠p
anX-߃ ho≠pw tNmZyw:
""F¥p≈p hnti-j, an˛
-°n-g-h≥ \n߃°mtcm?''
`¿Øm-hp-Ø-c-hmbo
`mcy-tbm, ""Sobm-sf- \o˛
b∏p-d-sØ-ßm≥ Iq´n
h√Xpw sImSp-tØ°q.''
""Imcy-an-ß-s\-sbm-s°˛
-bm, W-—≥ s]mdp-°p-sI≥
t]cn''se∂√o sI©o
Im¿\n-g¬ \o¥pw I¨Iƒ.
]mSp-s]-´p-≠m-°nb
]p©n-cn-tbm-Sm- hr-≤≥
tNm-Sp-am-‰n-s°m-t≠-sd-˛
_v`w-Kn-bn-tehw sNm√o:
""hgn-sX-‰p∂q hb˛
- m-hp-tºmƒ, Atß ho´n¬˛
°b-td-≠Xm''Wbm˛-
fn-dßo Iq\n-°q-\n.
XØz-im--kvX-ß-fp-d-ßp-tºmƒ
$ Bkzm-Z-Is\ sshIm-cn-I-ambn kv]¿in-°p∂ Nne khn-ti-j-ap-lq¿Ø-߃ Cu
Ihn-X-bnep≠v. Is≠Øn N¿®sNøp-I.
$ ""tNd-Sn-Ø-´n¬ XmWp-In-S-t∂ aXn-bmhq
kmc-k-]p-jv]-Øn∂p kqcys\ kwtk-hn-°m≥
sN¶-Xn¿aWn-I-tfmsSm-∏ta ]Øm-b-Øn¬
sN∂pIqSp-hm≥ ssht°m¬®≠n-s°-¥-h-Imiw''
Ihn-X-bpsS Bib]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ Cu hcn-I-fpsS A¿YXe߃ Is≠-ØpI.
$ ""Im¿\ng¬ \o¥o-Sp∂ I¨I-fm-e-hƒ ]ns∂˛
°m¬\-S-°m-c≥ \n¬°pw ]qgn-bn¬ ]qØq-In-\mƒ.''
"Im¿\ng¬ \o¥pw I¨Iƒ,' "]qgn-bn¬ ]qØq-In-\mƒ' F∂o ]tbm-K-߃ aIƒ
A\p-`-hn-°p∂ am\-knIkwL¿jw shfn-hm-°m≥ FX-amXw klm-b-I-am-hp-∂p?
\nß-fpsS \nco-£W߃ Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-I.
$ ""]tZym-Xn-®-Xp- lm¿ZkzmK-X-sØ-fn-h√,
\oc-k-°-d-bp-a, s√m´p kw`aw amXw''
"\oc-k-°d' F∂ ]tbm-KsØ "kqcy-Im¥n-'bnse "Id-ºn-cmhv' F∂ ]tbm-K-hp-
ambn Xmc-XaywsNøq. \nco-£-W-߃ s]mXp-hmbn Ah-X-cn-∏n-°q.
$ ""hgnsX‰p∂q hb- m-hp-tºmƒ...'' F∂ ]tbmKw i≤n-®n-t√. kmam-\ym¿Y-Øn¬
\n∂p]cn-bmbn hgn F∂ ]Z-Øn\v Cu kµ¿`-Øn¬ as‰-s¥√mw A¿Y-߃
Is≠-Ømw? N¿®sNøq.
$ ""IpSpw__‘-ß-fnse kwL¿j-߃ hni-I-e\w sNøm-\p≈ ]mS-h-amWv CSt»cn-
°-hn-X-I-fpsS Hcp ]tXy-I-X.'' Cu A`n-]m-b-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ "Atßho´n-
te°v' F∂ Ihn-Xbv°v Hcp Bkzm-Z-\-°p-dn∏v Xbm-dm-°p-I.
25
ImW-°msW
Fgp-]-Xp-Im-cpsS tbmKw
Atim-I≥ Ncp-hn¬
""Fgp]Xp hb v Ign-™-h-cpsS tbmKw, Ah-cpsS
Hcp kwL-S\ Fs∂m-s°-∏-d -bp -tºmƒ kaqlw
AsXmcp Xam-i-bm-bn-´mWv IW-°m-°p-I. ]≠v \mS-I-
ß-fnse tImam-fn-Iƒ ho´p-th-e-°m-cm-bn-cp-∂p. C∂v kaq-
l-Ønse tImam-fn-Iƒ hb- -∑m-cmWv.''
tbmK-Øn\v Hcp XpS-°-sa∂ \ne-bn¬ cma≥Ip-´n-\mb¿
kwkm-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. Ccp-∂p-sIm-≠mWv kwkm-cn-°p-
∂Xv. Cu tbmK-Øn¬ F√m-hcpw Ccp∂p kwkm-cn-
®m¬ aXn F∂mWv Xocp-am-\w.
cma≥Ip´n\mb¿ Hcp-ßn-Ø-s∂-bmWv h∂n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.
Ae-°n-tØ® shfpØ hkvX-߃ [cn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.
£ucw sNbvX apJØv \c-®-sX-¶nepw cq]-`w-Kn-bp≈
Hcp aoi ÿm]n-®n- p-≠v. BI-∏msS At±lw \√ Djmdn-
em-Wv.
cma≥Ip-´n-\m-b-cmWv Cu tbmK-Øns‚ kqX-[m-c≥.
tbmKw kwL-Sn -∏n -°m≥ th≠n \S -Ønb
iasØ°pdn®v At±lw hnh-cn-®p. Fgp-]Xphb p
Ign™ Hmtcm Bsfbpw At±lw ho´n¬ sN∂p I≠n-
cp-∂p. Nne-scms° aSp∏p ]I-Sn-∏n-®p. kvXoIƒ°v
henb \mW-am-bn-cp-∂p.
""\ΩpsS \m´n¬ Ct∏mƒ Fgp-]Xv hb v Ign-bp-tºm-
gmWv kvXoIƒ°v \mW-ap-≠m-Ip-∂-Xv.''
At±lw XpS¿∂p:
""]Ø-ºXp sIm√-߃°p-apºv Fgp-]-Xn-\-∏p-dap≈
PohnXw henb ]iv\-am-bn-cp-∂n√. Imc-Ww, Aß-s\-
sbmcp hn[n°v hn´psImSp-°msX Cuiz-c≥ Ahsc hnfn-
°p-am-bn-cp-∂p. C∂-ßs\b√. \ΩpsS Cu sNdnb ]´-
W-Øn¬Øs∂ hb- p-sN-∂-h¿ [mcm-f-ap-≠v. hfsc
Ipd-®p-t]tc ChnsS IqSn-bn-´p-≈q. ]ecpw h∂n-√.''
""X¥-am¿°pw X≈-am¿°pw IvSmßsf t\m°em Ct∏m
]Wn; shfn-®m-hptºm sXm´v A¥ym-hW hsc.''
H‰-s∏Sens‚bpw Ah-K-W-\-bp-sSbpw hgn-bn¬ th®photg-≠-XmtWm
hm¿[Iyw?
26
tIc-f-]m-Tm-hen ae-bmfw IX
sNdp-]pjv]w Hmbn¬ an√ns‚ ÿm]-I≥
]n.sI. At¥mWn ]d-™p.
""CXtb Rm≥ hnNm-cn-°p-∂p-≈q. BgvN-
bn-sem-cn-°¬ \ap-s°m∂v IqS-Ww. hnNmc-
߃ ]c-kv]cw ]¶p-h-bv°-Ww. \Ω-fm-
em-hp∂ h√Xpw Ifn-°mw. ]pkvX-I-ßtfm
amkn-I-Itfm hcpØn hmbn-°mw.''
cma≥Ip´n\mb¿ Xs‚ BapJw Ah-km-
\n-∏n-®p.
""Bsc-¶nepw acn -®m¬ \Ω-°-hsS
t]mWw. doØv sh°-Ww. doØpsΩ
ioesI´n AXvsΩ kwL-S -t\sS
t]scgvXWw.''
]n.sI. At¥mWn Xs‚ A`n-]mbw Iq´n-
t®¿Øp.
sNdp-hmsc i¶-c≥Ip´n kwkm-cn-°m-\mbn
Fgp-t∂-‰p. At∏mƒ a‰p tbmKmw-K-߃
At±-l-tØmSv Fgp-t∂¬t°-≠-Xn-s√∂v
Hm¿a-s∏-Sp-Øn. At±lw Ccp-∂p.
""\ap°v kaq-l-tØmSv Hcp tNmZy-ap-∂-bn-
°-Ww. Fgp-]Xp hb v Ign™ R߃
F¥psNø-Ww? Rß-fpsS PohnXw Ah-
km-\nt®m? Ah-km-\n-®q-∂m-sW-¶n¬ Hcp
adp-]-Sn-IqSn thWw. PohnXw IrXym-bn´v
F∏-gmWv Ah-km-\n-°p-∂Xv? F∏-gmWv
AXv sXmS-ßp-∂Xv?''
CsXmcp Zm¿i-\nI]iv\-am-I-bm¬ ct≠m
aqt∂m t]scm-gnsI a‰mcpw Imcy-amb i≤
ImWn-®n-√. ]n.sI. At¥mWn cma≥Ip´n
\mb-cpsS sNhn-bn-set¥m ]d-bp-I-bm-bn-
cp-∂p.
""CSbv°v Hcp Imcyw''-˛ cma≥Ip-´n-\m-b¿
tbmK-Øns‚ i≤ £Wn-®p:
""Nmb hcp-Øm-\m-Wv. a[pcw th≠m-ØXv
B¿s°m-s°-bm -sW∂v Adn -™m¬
sIm≈mw.''
a[pcw th≠m-Ø-h¿ Bcp-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂n√.
cma≥Ip-´n-\m-b¿°v B›-cy-am-bn:
""At∏m jpK¿ Iwπ-bn‚p -≈-hc v
Bcqtey?''
cma-hm-cy-cmWv AXn\v adp-]Sn ]d-™-Xv:
""F\n°v jpK-dp-≠v, ]j-dp-≠v. Hs°-≠v.
AºXp hb- p-ap-X¬ Fgp-]-Xp-h-b- p-hsc
ssSwtS-_nƒ sh®m Rm≥ Pohn-®Xv.
A\ßn-bm¬ a°fv I≠p-]n -Sn -°pw.
Fgp]Xv Ign-™t∏m \nb-¥-W-sams°
am‰n. Hs° kpJm-bn´v Ign-°pw. a°fv XS-
b-Wq-ey.''
sNdp-hmsc i¶-c≥Ip´n ho≠p-sa-gp-t∂-‰p.
A_≤w kzbw a\- n-em°n At±lw Ccp-
∂p. At±-l-Øns‚ A`n-]m-b-߃ Ign-
™n-cp-∂n-√:
""\mw hf¿Øn hep-Xm-°nb Cu ]pXnb
Xe-apd \sΩ H´pw Ku\n-°p-∂n-√. ]g-b-
sXms° tamim∂m Ah-cpsS ]£w.
Ahcv ]gb hoSp-Iƒ s]mfn®v ]pXn-bXv
]Wn-bp-∂p. ]pXnb Xcw ho´p-]-I-c-W-߃
hmßn-°p-∂p. AXn-s\-S-bn¬ \Ωƒ amX-
amWv ]g-sbmcp hkvXp. AXn-Yn-Iƒ
ImWmØ Hcp ap°n-te°v \ΩsfØ≈pw.
Ht∂m¿°Ww: \Ωfv Fgp-]-Xp-sIm√w
ChsS Pohn-®-h-cm. Fs¥ms° I≠p!
tI´p! A\p-`-hn-®p! kzmX-¥y-k-a-c-Øn\v
km£yw hln-®p. NcnXw Poh-t\m-sS-bp-
≈-Xv \ΩsS Xe-t®m-dn-em-Wv. B¿s°-
¶nepw AXm-h-iyt≠m? \tΩmSv kwkmcn-
°m≥ Xs∂ Ahcv°v Ad-∏t√?''
sNdp-hmsc i¶-c≥Ip´n ]d™p\ndp-Øn.
""ANyp-X≥amjv CXp-hsc H∂pw ]d-™n-
√-t√m. F¥mZv? amjt√ Imcym-bn v ]dtb-
≠-Xv. Rß-sfms° tI°zm-∂-√ms≠.
tM?''
cma-hm-cy¿ tNmZn-®p.
F√m-hcpw ANyp-X≥amsj Xm¬]-cy-
]q¿hw t\m°n. F√mw i≤n®ptI´p-
sIm≠v At±lw s_©ns‚ Hc-‰Øv Ccn-
°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. kztX Nn¥m-a-·-amb B
apJØv Ct∏mƒ H´pw Dt∑-j-an-√. At±lw
IÆ-S-bqcn tai-∏p-d-Øp -h-®p. s\‰n-bn¬
hnc-ep-sIm≠v Xtem-Sn.
27
ImW-°msW
""F¥m ]d-tb-≠-sX∂v \n›-b-ey.
\ΩpsS Hm¿a -I -sfms° \ΩpsS
buh\sØ Np‰n-∏-‰n-bm-Wv. C∏-gsØ
sNdp-∏-°m¿°v ][m\w Ah-cpsS buh\-
am-Wv. CXp-c≠pw c≠p Ime-am-Wv; c≠p
temI-am-Wv. CXp XΩn¬ kmam-\y-ambn
IqSn-°-gn -®n¬ D≠m-hpI hø. Ahcv
AhcpsS hgn-°p-t]m-s´. \mw i]n-°-cp-Xv.''
sNdp-hmsc i¶-c≥Ip´n Cu A`n-]m-b-
tØmSv tbmPn-®n-√.
""ANyp-X≥ amtj, Ht∂m¿°-Ww. bphXzw
amX -amtWm Pohn -Xw? Fgp -]Xpw
F¨]Xpw Ign™ FX-sbX ]Xn-`m-
im-en-Ifv \ap°v Np‰p-ap-≠v. Ah-cmcpw
hnian-°-Wn-√-t√m.''
ANyp-X≥amjv ]d-™p:
""bphXzw amX-amWv Pohn-Xw∂v Rm≥ ]d-
™n-√. ]t£, km[m-cW a\p-jys‚
hk¥-Im-e-w AXm-Wv. F¥m-bmepw
\ΩpsS \√-Imew Ign-™n-cn-°-Wp. C\n
Imcy-am-bn´v ]Xo-£n-°m-hp-∂Xv H∂p
amX-am-Wv. AXv \njv]-bm-kw, Hcne
s]mgn-bpw-t]m-se-bm-hpI F∂-Xn-emWv
\Ωp-sS-sbms° C\n-bp≈ B\-µw. a\ v
ip≤-am°n AXn\p Xbm-dm-hmw.''
cma≥Ip´n\mb¿ ]d™p:
""AsX. AXm Rm≥ ]d-
t™. \mw Bscbpw
hna¿in-°mt\m i]n-
°mt\m C√. \ap°v
hnNm-c-ßfpw A`n-]m-b-
-ß-fp-ap-≠v. AXv ]c-kv]cw
tIƒ°m≥ \apt°
Xm¬]cy -≠m-hq. AXp -
sIm≠v \ap°v IqsS-°qsS
IqS -Ww. AXn -s\mcp
kwLw thWw, ÿew
thWw.''
]ns∂ Bcpw
A n]mb߃
]d-™n-√. tbmKw ASpØ \S-]-Sn-I-fn-
te°p IS-∂p. kwL-S-\bv°v `mc-hm-ln-
Isf \n›-bn-°-Ww. Hcp ]kn-U‚ v, Hcp
skI-´-dn, X¬°mew AX-a-Xn. ]n∂oSv
Bhiyw t]mse Iq´n-t®¿°m-a-t√m.
ANyp-X≥ amjv ]kn-U‚m-hWw F∂
A`n-]mbw cma-hm-cy-cmWv D∂-bn-®-Xv.
Xs‚ tX™ ]√p-Iƒ Im´n Nncn-®p-sIm≠v
hmcy¿ AXp ]d™p Xocpw -ap≥t]
ANypX≥amjv hnfn®ptNmZn-®p:
""Atøm, Rmt\m?''
ANyp-X≥amjv°v B \n¿tZiw H´pw CjvS-
am-bn-√. At±-l-Øns‚ apJw I\-Øp.
]t£, tbmKmw-K-ß-sf-√m-hcpw henb
D’m-l-Øn¬ At±lw aXn -sb∂v
\n¿_‘w]nSn-®p.
""ANyp-X≥amjv Cßs\ \tΩm-sSm∏w
Ccn-°ptºm as‰m-cmƒ ]kn-U‚m-hn-ey.
AXn -\m¿°pw N¶q‰w hcn -√. amjv
HgnhpIgnhv ]d-b-cp-Xv.''
""]kn-U‚ v∂v sh®m-tX-≈q. \Ω-fnt∏m
ae-a-dn-°m-s\m∂pw t]mWn-√-t√m.''
ANyp-X≥amjvsS hnk-Ω-XsØ tbmKw
Ku\n -®n -√. At±lw ]kn-U‚mbpw
cma≥Ip- n-\m-b¿ skI- -dn-bmbpw \n›-bn-
°-s∏-´p. tbmKw Ah-km-\n-°p-I-bm-Wv.
Ah-km-\sØ \S-]-Sn-bmbn ]kn-U‚ns‚
Hcp D]-kw-lm-c-]-kwKw thW-sa∂v AwK-
߃°v BK-l-ap-≠m-bn.
ANypX≥ amjvsS apJ-Øp-\n∂v \ockw
hn´p-am-dn-bn-cp-∂n-√. At±lw ]d™p:
""Aß-s\bm BK-lw∂v sh®m¬
Bbvt°m-s´. F∂m¬ ]kw-Kn -°m -
s\m∂pw F\n°v hø. Hcp Imcyw amXw
]d-bmw. BgvN-tXm-dp-ap≈ IqS-em-Wt√m
\ΩpsS apJy-]-cn-]m-Sn. Bcpw tbmK-Øn\p
hcm-Xn-cn-°-cp-Xv. hcm-\m-hn-s√-¶n¬ hnhcw
ap≥Iq´n Adn-bn-°-Ww. F¥m-s∂z-®m¬,
\ΩpsS ]mb-°m-cm -hptºm Adn -bn -
∏neym≠v apS-ßn-bm¬ ]e i¶-Iƒ°pw
CS-bp-≠m-hpw.''
28
tIc-f-]m-Tm-hen ae-bmfw IX
tbmKw Ign™v ho´n-te°p \S-°p-tºmƒ
ANyp-X≥amjv°v h√mØ Pmfyw tXm∂n.
Fs¥mcp Ducm-°p-Sp-°n-emWv Xm≥ Adn-
bmsX sN∂ps]´-Xv. t\c-am-sW-¶n¬
Gsd sshIn.
Ct∏mƒ aI\pw acp-a-Ifpw k¿°o´p
Ign™v Xncn-s®-Øn-bn-´p-≠m-bn-cn-°pw.
Xnc°p-I-sfm-gn™v Ah¿°p e`n® Hcp
Rmb-dm -g vN-bm-Wn-∂v. At∂cw hoSv
A\mY-am°n Xm≥ ]pd-s∏-´Xp icn -
bmbn√.
ANyp-X≥amjv°v aI-s\bpw acp-a-I-sfbpw
t]Snbm-sW-∂m-Wv Bfp-Iƒ ]d-bp-∂-Xv.
aI≥ ]d-™Xp- hn´v At±lw \S-°n-√m-
tX. icn-bm-Wv, ANyp-X≥amjv ]d-bpw:
""Iptd°mew Ahcv \sΩ t]Sn-®-X-t√.
C\n \ap°v Ahsc t]Sn-°mw.''
Hcp aI-\mWv ANyp-X≥amjv°v D≈-Xv.
Ah≥ hfsc kvam¿´mWv; ]Tn-°p∂
ImeØv ]Tn-∏n-epw Ct∏mƒ _nkn-\- n-
epw. ]gb \mep-sI v s]mfn®v Ah≥ at\m-
l-c-amb Hcp hoSv ]Wn-Xp. ANyp-X≥
amjv°v amX-ambn Hcp apdn-bp≠v. apdn-bn¬
Sohnbpw sd°m¿Uv sπb-dp-sam-s°-bp-≠v.
]t£, ANyp-X≥amjv°v Ct∏mgpw ]pkvX-
I-߃ hmbn-°m-\mWv Xm¬]-cyw.
Cubn-sS-bmbn Hcp Ip´n -tbm -sS∂
t]mse-bmWv aI≥ ANyp-X≥am-tjmSv
s]cp-am-dp-∂-Xv. F¥pw Xam-i-bm-bnt´
]dbq.
kwkm-cn-°p-tºmƒ AXn-\-\p-k-cn®v hnScp-
Ibpw hmNm-e-am-hp-Ibpw sNøp∂ Ahs‚
IÆp-Iƒ ANyp-X≥amsj ]eXpw Hm¿an-
∏n-°pw.
]gb Hcp ss]adn kvIqƒ A[ym-]-Is‚
ho´n-te-°p≈ aS-°-am-Wv. JZ¿ Pp∫
hnb¿sØm-´n-bn-cn-°pw. Xq°n-∏n-Sn-°p∂
ASp°ptNm‰p -]m - Xhpw I£-Øn¬
A∂sØ "lnµp'-]-Xhpw. \o≠ IpSbpw
apJsØ `K-XvknMv aoi-bpw.
ho´p-hm-Xn¬°¬ hnS-cp-Ibpw hmNm-e-am-
hp-Ibpw sNøp∂ IÆp-Iƒ. XnSp-°-Øn¬
]pSh De-bp∂ kzcw.
""tam\n∂v F¥m ]d-t™-∂-dntbm?''
""F¥m ]d-™Xv?''
ANyp-X≥amjv kmh-[m\w tNmZn-°p-∂p.
At±lw apdn-bn-seØn hkvXw amdp-I-
bmWv. At±lw Imepw apJhpw Igp-In.
Nmcp-I-tkc \nh¿Øn-bn v ]Xw hmbn-°m-
\p≈ Xbm-sd-Sp-∏n-em-Wv. bp≤w apdp-Ip-∂p.
hm¿[-bn¬ F.sF.-kn.-kn. tNcp-I-bm-Wv.
""hcqt∂.''
]Xw hmbn -°m-\p≈
iaw XS- -s∏-Sp -∂p.
] n S n® phe n -° - s∏´ v
At±lw AIsØ Ad-
bn -se-Øp-∂p. Ad-bn -
emsI Ccp- m-Wv. F∂mepw
sXfn™p ImWmw, sXm´n-
en¬ Ah≥ InS-°p-I-bm-Wv.
Hcp Im¬ sas√-bm´n D√m-k-
`m-h-Øn¬ Ah≥ ssIbp-
b¿Øp-∂p. IpSp-IpsS Nncn-
°p-∂p.
ANyp-X≥amjv Hm¿Øp:
Ct∂m-f -ap≈ Pohn -X -
Øn¬ G‰hpw kt¥m-jn-
®Xv A∂m-Wv. Ah≥
apJ-Øp-t\m°n Xncn-®-
dn™v Nncn-®-t∏mƒ.
""Xt\cw Ah≥ A—m
A—m∂v ]d-bzm-bn-cp-∂p.''
\mfn-tIcw sh¥ shfn-
s®Æ ]pc≠ apSn-bpsS
aWw. ape -∏m -ens‚
aWw. hc-´nb D≈n-
bpsS IpØp∂ aWw.
D≈n¬ BÀmZw Xnc-
b - S n -° p tºm g p w
29
ImW-°msW
AXp ]pdØpImWn°p∂ Bfm-bn-cp-∂n√
ANyp-X≥am-jv. At±lw H∂pw an≠n-bn√.
]Xw hmbn-°m-\mbn ]qap-J-tØ°v Xncn-
®p-t]m∂p.
]n∂o-sSm-cn-°¬, ]\n-°p∂ Ah-s‚-b-
cnIn¬ c≠p-t]cpw Dd-°-sam-gn®v Ccn-°p-
I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. At∏mƒ \mephb v ]mb-
ap-≠v. cmXn-bpsS Hmtcm Zo\-kw-Ko-Xhpw
Ah≥ tI´p. Dd-ßm≥ hømsX Ah≥
Rcßn. ]√p-Iƒ Incp-In-cp-Øp. ""\oe-∏¥p
thWw''˛ Ah≥ ]d-™p.
Ah-cpsS XWpØ ssIhn -c -ep -Iƒ
ANypX≥amjvsS Npa-en¬ Aa¿∂p. B
IÆp-Iƒ h√msX Xf¿∂n-cp-∂p. Ah-bn¬
IÆp-\o¿ s]mSn-™p. km¥z-\n-∏n-°m-\p≈
hmN-I-߃ ssIbn-ep≈ Bfm-bn-cp-∂n√
ANyp -X≥am -jv . At±lw as‰tßm
t\m°nbncp-∂p.
Xpf-kn-\o-cn¬ Nmen® tKm]o-N-µ-\mZn
KpfnI Ah\p sImSp-ØpsIm≠n-cp-∂p.
]pe¿®-bm-b-t∏mƒ Ah≥ kzÿ-\mbn
Ddßn. ]\n hn´-I-∂n-cp-∂p.
t\cw shfp-Ø-t∏mƒ Ah¿ ]Xn-hn-√msX
InS-°p-I-bm-Wv. ANyp-X≥amjv ASpØp
sN∂p.
""F\n°v høm∂v tXm∂-Wp.''
Xs‚ s\‰n-bn¬ At±lw XtemSpw F∂v
Ah¿ hnNm-cn-®n-cn-°pw. ]t£, ANyp-X≥
amjv Aß-s\-bp≈ ]W-b-eo-e-I-fn¬
A∂p hniz-kn-®n-cp-∂n-√. At±lw Ahsc
A∂p Xtem-Sn-bn-√. sXm´-Xp-t]m-ep-an-√.
]n∂oSv At±lw Xoh-ambn AXm-K-ln®p,
H∂p sXmSm≥. ]t£, Ah-c-SpØp h∂n√.
""Zm Fs∂ sXmt´mfq'' F∂p ]d-™p≈
Ah-cpsS s]m´n-®n-cnbpw Ic-®nepw B
]gb hoSns‚ Ccp-´n-se-hn-sS-sbm-s°tbm
tI´p F∂p -am-Xw.
ANyp-X≥amjv ]n∂oSv hfsc tkm v‰mbn
F∂mWv Bfp-Iƒ ]d-bp-∂-Xv. At±-l-
Øns‚ hnc¬Øp-ºn¬ Ft∏mgpw aI-\p-
≠m-bn-cn-°pw. Ip™p-߃°v sImSp-t°≠
acp-∂n-s\-°p-dn®pw `£-W-sØ-°p-dn-®p-
ambn ANyp-X≥amjvsS kw`m-j-W-߃.
aI≥ hep-Xm-b-t∏mƒ ANyp-X≥amjv
kzIm-cy-amb temI-Øn-te°p aS-ßn. aI≥
an°-t∏mgpw Sqdn-em-bn-cn-°pw. acp-a-Iƒ H‰-
bv°m-hp -∂-XpsIm≠v At±lw ]pd -
sØm∂pw CubnsS t]mIm-dn-√.
cma-hm-cy-cpsS \n¿_‘w sIm≠mWv
At±lw C∂v tbmK-Øn\p sN∂-Xv. sNdp-
hmsc i¶-c≥Ip- n-bpsS hmN-I-߃ amsj
\ncm-i-\m-°n. a°sf kvt\ln-°p-∂Xv
Hcm-fpsS am\-kn-I-amb Hcm-h-iy-am-Wv.
AXn\p ]Xn-^ew tNmZn-°-cp-Xv.
ANyp-X≥amjv ho´n-se-Øn-b-t∏mƒ t\cw
Ccp-´n-bn-cp-∂p. aIs‚ kvIq´¿ ap‰-Øp-≠v.
At±lw tImfnMvs_√n¬ hnc-e-a¿Øn.
acp-a-I-fmWv hmXn¬ Xpd-∂-Xv. I≠-]msS
Ahƒ s]m-´n-®n-cn-®p.
""A—\p shey Kaym-W-t√m. ]kn-U‚m-
bo-∂-dn-™p. Rßfv t]mcpwhgn°v Hcp
s_ms° hmß-Ww∂v Icp -Xo -Xm.
sk‚dnev H‰ ]q°tSw sXmd-∂n-´n-√.''
adp-]Sn ]d-bmsX ANyp-X≥amjv AI-Øp-
I-bdn tkm^-bn¬ Ccp-∂p.
""X¬°mew Rm≥ \s√mcp I∏v Im∏n
Xcmw. s_mt°w amtew ]n∂m-hmw, t√?''
Ahƒ AI-Øp -t]m-bn.
_mØvSh-ep-ambn aI≥ h∂p. Ah≥
t\m°p-∂n-√. Np≠Øv Hcp I≈-®n-cn-
bp≠v. H∂p-a-dn-bmØ `mh-Øn¬ Ah≥
apSn NoIp-I-bm-Wv. ANypX≥ amtjmSv
thtWm CXv?
A¬∏-k-a-b-߃°p-tijw Ah≥ i_vZw
XmgvØn tNmZn-°p-∂p:
""F¥m A—m, h√ ]n°-‰ntßm [¿tWym
at‰m \n›n-bn-®v´v-t≠m?''
ANyp-X≥amjv Im∏n Ign-®p. aI-s‚bpw
acp-a-IfpsSbpw Ipkr-Xn-I-sfms° Xo¿∂p
30
tIc-f-]m-Tm-hen ae-bmfw IX
F∂p t_m[y-am-b-t∏mƒ At±lw sas√
Fgp-t∂‰v Xs‚ apdn-bn-te°p t]mbn.
kwL-Øns‚ c≠m-asØ tbmKw cma-
hmcy-cpsS ho´n-emWv IqSn-b-Xv. an° AwK-
ßfpw Djm-tdmsS lmP-cm-bn-´p-≠m-bn-cp-
∂p. ]t£, Hcp hnja]iv\-ap-≠m-bn.
]kn-U‚mb ANyp-X≥amjv FØn-bn-
cp∂n√. FØm-Ø-Xns‚ Adn -bn∏pw
At±lw Adn-bn-®n-cp-∂n-√.
""Ado-∏n-eym≠v samS-ßcvXv∂v ANyp-
X≥amjv shey Imcy-Ønev ]d™-X-t√.
∂v´vt∏m....''
]n.sI. At¥m-Wn°p ipWvTn -h-∂p.
""Fs¥-¶nepw Imcy-ap-≠mhpw.''
ANyp-X≥amjvsS Akm∂n[yw A∂v
AhcX Imcy-am-°n-bn-√.
]t£, aq∂m-wh´w tbmK-Ønepw ANyp-
X≥amjv \¬Inb Zp q-N-\-bmWv Ahsc
t]Sn-∏n-®-Xv.
]mb-am-b-Xn-\p-tijw Cubn-sS-bmbn
BkvXva amsj ]nSn-Iq-Sn -bn-´p-s≠∂v
]e¿°p-a-dn-bmw. dn -b¿ sNbvX-tijw Hcn-
°¬ sNdnb a´n¬ lm¿´v Unkokv D≠m-
bXv cma-hm-cy¿ Hm¿Øp. A∂v Bip-]-
Xn-bn¬ sN∂p I≠-t∏mƒ amjv Nncn-®p-
sIm≠p ]d-™p:
""h©n apßn-bn√ hmcy-tc.''
tbmK-\-S-]-Sn-Iƒ Bcw-`n-°msX Ah¿
ImØn-cp-∂p. ANyp-X≥amjvsS hoSp-hsc
H∂p-t]m-bmtem F∂v cma-hm-cy¿ A`n-]m-
b-s∏-´p. F√m-hcpw AXv icn-h-®-Xm-Wv.
At∏m-gmWv ANyp-X≥amjvsS `rXy≥
ap‰Øp ]Xy-£-s∏- -Xv. F√m-hcpw BImw-
£-tbmsS Fgp-t∂-‰p. cma≥Ip-´n-\m-b¿
thKw ]pd-tØ°v Cd-ßn-s®-∂p.
`rXys‚ apJØp k¶-S-am-bn-cp-∂p. t]m°-
‰n¬\n∂pw Hcp IS-em-sk-SpØv Abmƒ
cma≥Ip´n\mbsc G¬∏n-®p.
AXv ANyp-X≥amjvsS IØm-bn-cp-∂p.
AXn¬ Cßs\ Fgp-Xn-bn-cn°p-∂p:
""am\y tbmKmw-K-ß-tf, Ign™ XhW
Adn-bn-∏n-√msX tbmK-Øn¬ ]s¶-Sp-°m-
Xn-cp-∂-Xn\v Rm≥ \n¿hymPw am∏ptNmZn-
°p-∂p. Ign-™mgvN tImb-º-Øq-cn¬ h®v
Fs‚ aI\v Hcp kvIq´¿ BIvkn-U‚ v ]‰n.
Ahs\ saUn-°¬ tImtfPv Bip-]-Xn-
bn¬ ]th-in-∏n-®n-cn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.
C∂p ]pe¿s® Ah≥ ac-W-a-S-™p.
CØ-h-Wbpw tbmK-Øn¬ ]s¶-Sp-°p-hm≥
F\n°v \n¿hm -l-an -√. Fs‚ am\y
kvt\ln-X-∑m¿ £an-°-Ww.
as‰mcp ImcyhpwIqSn, Fs∂ ]kn-U‚ v
ÿm\-Øp-\n∂v Hgn-hm-°-W-sa∂ At]-
£-bm-Wv. F\n°v Npa-X-e-Iƒ IqSp-I-
bmWv. CØcw s]mXp-Im-cy-߃°v C\n
kabw In´p-sa∂p tXm∂p-∂n-√.''
]cn-NnXK‘-߃
31
ImW-°msW
$ ""]n∂oSv At±lw Xoh-ambn AXm-K-ln-®p, H∂p sXmSm≥. ]t£, Ah-c-SpØp
h∂n-√. ""Zm Fs∂ sXmt´mfq'' F∂p ]d-™p≈ Ah-cpsS s]m´n-®ncnbpw Ic-
®nepw B ]gb hoSns‚ Ccp-´n-se-hn-sS-sbm-s°tbm tI´p F∂p -amXw.''
kqN-\-I-fn-eqsS IY ]d-bp∂ coXn°v Cu IY-bn¬ \n∂v IqSp-X¬ DZm-l-c-
W-߃ Is≠-Øq. Ah IYbv°p \¬Ip∂ at\m-lm-cn-X-sb-°p-dn®v N¿®
sNøq.
$ Hc-km-[m-cW hy‡n-Xz-Øn-\p-S-a-bmWv ANyp-X≥amjv. At±-l-Øns‚ kz`m-h-
khnti-j-X-Iƒ Is≠Øn IYm-]m-X-\n-cq-]Ww Xbm-dm-°p-I.
$ IY-]-d-bp-∂-Xn\v IYm-IrØv kzoI-cn® Nne X¥-߃ i≤n-°pI:
ANyp-X≥amjpsS D]-kw-lm-c-]-kw-K-Ønse kqN-\-Iƒ
At±-l-Øns‚ Akp-J-ß-sf-°p-dn-®p≈ ]cm-a¿i-߃
ANyp-X≥am-jpsS IpSpw-_-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ lrZy-amb hnh-cWw
At±lw sImSp-Ø-b® IØnse hcn-Iƒ
aIs‚ acWw Ah-X-cn-∏n® coXn
C°m-cy-ß-sfms° ]cn-K-Wn®v IYbv°v Hcp \ncq-]Ww Xbm-dm-°p-I.
$ buh\-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ c≠p ImgvN-∏m-Sp-I-fmWv sNdp-hmsc i¶-c≥Ip-´n-bp-sSbpw
ANyp-X≥amjp-sSbpw hm°p-I-fn¬ sXfn-bp-∂-Xv. GXn-t\m-SmWv \n߃ tbmPn-
°p∂Xv? F¥p-sIm≠v? \nß-fpsS \nco-£-W-߃ Ah-X-cn-∏n-°q.
32
tIc-f-]m-Tm-hen ae-bmfw IX
Zi-cYhnem]w
Fgp-Ø-—≥
""kzman≥, Zi-c-Y-\mb cmPmhp Rm≥
ama-]-cm-[n\w c£n-°-th-Wta!
Rm\-dn-bmsX arK-bm-hn-h-i-\m˛
bm\ XÆo¿ IpSn°pw \mZ-sa-t∂m¿Øp
_mW-sa-bvtX-\-Xn-]m-]n-bm-tbmcp Rm≥;
]mW≥ If-bp-∂-Xp-≠n\n sshIm-sX.''
]mZ-ß-fn¬ hoWp tIWo-Sp-sa-t∂mSp
tJZw- I-e¿∂p sNm∂m≥ ap\n-_m-e-I≥:
""I¿a-atX XSp-°m-h-X-√m¿°pta
_“-l-Xym-]m-]-ap-≠m-I-bn√ tX.
sshiy\tX Rm≥ aa ]nXm-°-∑msc˛
bmiz-kn-∏n° \otb-Xpta sshIm-sX.
hm¿[-Iy-tadn Pcm-\-c-bpw -]q≠p
t\Xhpw ImWmsX ]m¿Øn-cp-∂o-Sp-∂p-
Zm-tl\ Rm≥ Pew-sIm-≠ßp sN√p-hm≥
Zmlw sISp° \o XÆo¿ sImSp-Øn\n.
hrØm-¥-sa-√m-a-h-tcm-S-dn-bn°
kXy-sa-∂m-e-h¿ \n-s∂bpw c£n-°pw.
F∂psS XmX\p tIm]-ap-≠m-Intem
\ns∂bpw `kva-am-°o-Sp-a-dnI \o.
]mW-߃ t]mIm™p ]oU-bp-t≠‰hpw
_mWw ]dn° \o sshI-cp-tX-Xp-ta.''
F∂Xp tI´p iteym-≤-cWw sNbvXp
]ns∂- -Pew Ie-ihpw ssIs°m≠p
Zº-Xn-am-cn-cn-°p-∂-hn-tS-°-Xn˛
kw`-a-tØmSp Rm≥ sN√pw Zim-¥-tc,
""hr≤-X-tbmSp t\X-ßfpw thdp-s]˛
´¿[-cm-Xn°p hni∂p Zmln-®tlm
hr≤-P-\-ßsf ]cn-N-cn-°p-∂Xv Pohn-X-h-X-am°nb FX-sbX IYm-]m-X-ßsf
]pcm-tW-Xn-lm-k-ß-fn¬ Is≠-Øm-\m-hpw!
33
ImW-°msW
$ ""Ipw`Øn¬ \oc-Iw-]p° i_vZw tI´p
Ipw`o-hc≥ \nP Xpºn-°cw X∂n¬
Aw`- p-sIm-≈p∂ i_vZ-sa-t∂m¿°-bm˛
eº-b-t®-\-dn-bmsX''
i_vZ-hn-\ymkwsIm≠v Ihn Cu hcn-Iƒ°p \¬Inb at\m-lm-cn-X-sb-¥mWv?
$ cmXu, h\m-t¥, ]¿W-im-emt¥ XpS-ßnb ]Z-߃ i≤n-®-t√m. CØcw ]Z-ß-
fpsS ]tXy-IX Is≠Øn Ipdn∏v Xbm-dm-°p-I.
h¿Øn-°p-sa-߃°p XÆo¿°p t]msbmcp
]pX-\p-an∂p ad-∂p-I-f-™ntXm?
a‰n-s√m-cm-ibw R߃s°m-cp-\mfpw
ap‰pw `hm-s\m-gn-s™¥p sshIo-Sp-hm≥?
`‡n-am-t\-‰hpw ap∂-sa-√m-a-Xn˛
kzÿ-\mbv h∂ntXm \o Ipamcm! _em¬?''
C]-Imcw \ncq-]n-®n-cn°pw hn[u
a¬]m-Z-hn-\ym-k-P-[z\n tIƒ°mbn
Im¬s∏-cp-am‰w aZobw XZm tI´p
Xm¬]-cy-tamSp ]d™p P\-I\pw:
""sshIp-hm-s\-¥p-aqew aa \µ\!
thtK\ XÆo¿ XcnI \o kmZ-cw.''
C∞-am-I¿Wy Rm≥ Zº-Xn-am¿]Zw
`‡ym \a-kvI-cn-s®-Xbpw `oX-\mbv
hrØm-¥-sa-√m-a-dn-bn-®n-X-t∂cw:
""]pX-\-√-√-tbm-[ym-[n-]-\m-Inb
]rYz-o-h-c≥ Rm≥ Zi-c-Y-s\∂p t]¿.
cmXu h\mt¥ arK-bm-hn-h-i-\mbv
im¿Zq-e-ap-Jy-ar-K-ß-sfbpw sIm∂p
]m¿Øn-cp-t∂≥ \Zo-Xotc arKm-i-bm.
Ipw`-Øn¬ \oc-Iw-]p° i_vZw tI´p
Ipw`o-h-c≥ \nP Xpºn-°-cw-X-∂n¬
Aw`- p-sIm-≈p∂ i_vZ-sa-t∂m¿°-bm˛
eºbt®-\-dn-bm-sX, bXpw _em¬
]pX\p sIm≠-t\-cØp Ic-®n¬ tI˛
s´Xbpw `oX-\mbv XX sN∂o-Sn-t\≥.
_me-s\-°≠p \a-kvI-cn-t®-\-Xp˛
aqe-a-h-\p-sa-t∂mSp sNm√o-Sn-\m≥:
""I¿a-atX aa h∂-XnXp Xh
_“lXym-]m-]-ap-≠m-I-bn√ tX.
IÆpw-s]m-Sn™p hb- p-ta-sd-∏p°p
]¿W-im-emt¥ hni∂p Zml-sØmSpw
Fs∂-bpw- ]m¿Øn-cn°pw ]nXm-°-∑m¿°p
XÆo¿ sIm-Sp°'' sbs∂-t∂mSp sNm√n-\m≥.
Rm\Xp tI´p-g-t‰mSp ht∂-\n\n
⁄m\n-Ifmw \nß-sfms° £an-°-Ww.''
A[ym-fl-cm-am-bWw (Atbm-[ymIm-fiw)
34
tIc-f-]m-Tm-hen ae-bmfw IX
$ ]mb-am-b-hsc ipiq-jn-t°-≠-Xns‚ Bhiyw Fgp-Ø-—≥ \sΩ t_m[y-s∏-Sp-
Øp-∂Xv Hcp IY hgn-bm-Wv. t\cn-´p≈ D]-tZ-iØneqsS XØz-]-t_m-[\w \S-
Øp∂ `mK-ßfpw Fgp-Ø-—≥ IrXn-I-fn-ep-≠v.
Cu hcn-Iƒ i≤n-°q:
""t`mK-ß-sf√mw £W-]`m-N-©ew
thtK\ \jvS-am-am-bp- p-tam¿° \o
hlv\nk¥]vXteml-ÿmw_p_nµp-\m
k∂n`w a¿Øy-P∑w £W-`w-Kpcw
N£p-xi-h-W-K-f-ÿamw Z¿Zpcw
`£-W-Øn-∂-t]-£n-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse
Imem-ln-\m- ]-cn-K-kvXamw temI-hp˛
amtem-e-tN-Xkm t`mK-߃ tXSp∂p.
]pX-an-Xm¿Y-I-f-XmZnkwKa˛
saX-bp-a-¬∏-ImeÿnX-tam¿° \o''
A[ymflcmam-bWw Infn-∏m´v ˛ Atbm-[ym-Im-fiw
IqSp-X¬ `mK-߃ Is≠Øn ¢mkn¬ ]mcm-bWw sNbvXv Bi-bN¿®
\SØpat√m.
35
ImW-°msW
ko≥ 50 F
]I¬
Kma -]mX
AΩm-fp, Ipdp∏v
Ah¿ X\nsb \S-°p-∂p.
AΩmfp : (ssI \o´n) _mKv Cß´v Xt∂-°q, I\w ≠v.
Ipdp∏v : Hmd©pw ap¥n-cntßw BWv. \nt‚ev F¥m?
AΩmfp : Hcp sk‰vap-≠v. AXv Rm≥ ]nSn-°mw. Is\m-≈-X-t√.
Ipdp∏v : (hmin-bn¬) CsX-\n°v X∂Xm Ah≥! AX Zpc th≠.
Rm≥ ]nSn-t®m-fmw.
Ah¿ \S-°p-tºmƒ
Ipdp∏v : \obv ame-Xn-s°t¥m sImSp-°vWXv I≠-t√m.
AΩmfp : AsXms° Rm≥ sImSp-Øp.
Ipdp∏v : IW-°-dn-b-Wt√m F\n°v? F¥m sImSp-ØXv?
AΩmfp : (kwi-bn-®v) Hcp IpXn-c-∏-h≥.
Ipdp∏v : (Btem-Nn-®v) At∏mƒ C\n \mseÆw _m°n ≠v, At√?
AΩmfp : Dw
Ipdp∏v : _ot\w `¿Ømhpw IqSn hcp-tºmƒ H∂-hƒ°v. ]nt∂w aq∂v≠mhpw. Dw.
\m¬∏Xv \m¬∏-Øn-c≠pdp∏nI ]h\p she≈ ImeØv hmßoXm
AsXms°!
AΩmfp : Ieym-W-s®-e-hn\v Pm\q\v H∂pw sImSp-Ønt√?
Hcp sNdp-]p-©ncn
Fw.Sn.- hm-kp-tZ-h≥\mb¿
]c-kv]cw Du∂p-h-Sn-I-fmbn \n¬°p∂ Zº-Xn-am-cpsS NnXw Cu Xnc-°-Ym-
`m-KØv FX lrZy-ambn Bhn-jvIcn-®ncn°p∂p.
""Ime-an-\n-bp-ap-cpfpw, hnjp- hcpw,
h¿jw hcpw, Xncp-thmWw hcpw, ]ns∂˛
-tbmtcm Xfn-cn\pw ]qhcpw, Imbvhcpw, As∏m˛
gmsc∂p-sa-s¥∂pam¿°-dnbmw? \ap-˛
°n-s∏m-go-bm¿Zsb»m¥-cmbv,
kuaycm-sb-Xn-tc¬°mw;
hcn-I- k-Jo, bcn-I-Øp-tN¿∂p-\n¬°q,
]g-sbmcp a¥w kvacn-° \mat\ym-\y˛
aq∂p-h-Sn-I-fmbv \n¬°mw:
lm! k^-e-ao-bm-X.''
k^-e-ao-bmX ˛ F≥.-F≥. -I-°mSv
36
tIc-f-]m-Tm-hen ae-bmfw IX
Ipdp∏v : (Kuc-h-Øn¬) Dw. Fs∂ \m´p-a-cymZ ]Tn-∏n-°≠!
AΩmfp : FX?
Ipdp∏v : (Kuc-h-Øn¬) AXv \ob-dn-b-≠. ChnsS hc-hvsN-ehv IW°v hbv°-WXv
Rm\m!
\S-°p-∂p. k‘y-bpsS ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ Ah¿ ]Xp-s°-∏-Xps° Kma-]-Ir-Xn-bn-eqsS \S-°p-∂p. At∏mƒ
Ieym-W-ho-´n¬ \n∂v ssa°v sSÃn-Mv... ]ns∂ kwKo-Xw.
Ipdp∏v : Hm, ssas°ms° sh®v tIam-°vW-≠t√m Pm\p!
AΩmfp : Hm¿at≠m? Ieym-W-Øn\v RßsS ho´nepw dn°m¿Uv sh®n-cp -∂p.
A™qdmƒ°m-bn-cp∂p kZy. \nc-Øpºv∂v sXm v Ggp Zn°nev Cu¥n≥]´sS
Iam-\w. Fw.F-kv.-kp-∫-e-£vaosS dn°m¿Um-bn-cp∂p A[n-tImw. A -
tem¿a≠v.
]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ Ieym-W-ho-´n¬ \n∂v kwKo-Xw. `qX-Im-e-kva-c-W-I-fn¬ \na-·-cmbn Ah¿ \S-°p-∂p.
AΩmfp : ipWvTn-°m-c-\m∂m F√mcpw ]d-™-Xv. F\n°pw AtXm≠v t]Sn-bm-bn-cp∂p.
ameSvtºm H∂p t\m°n. A∏gpw henb Kuc-hw.
Ipdp∏v : (Nncn-®v) ]cn-`-aw. BsI ]cn-`-am-bn-cp-∂p. ]ns∂-∏gm t]Sn-am-doXv?
AΩmfp : _ nev t]mbnt√? ho´n-ebv°v Iq´n-s°m-t≠zmhptºm. ASp-Ø-Sp-Øn-cp-∂t∏m
IqSn H∂v t\m°vWn-√. apJØv ipWvTn-X-s∂.
Ipdp∏v Nncnbpw Kuchhpw Ie¿∂ `mh-Øn¬ tIƒ°p-∂p.
AΩmfp : _ ns‚ aWw X´n-b-t∏mƒ h√msX O¿Zn-°m≥ h∂p. At∏mƒ AXn-tesd
t]Sn. At∏m Bcpw ImWms≠ Hcp sNdp-\m-cß ssIbn¬ X∂v ]d-™nt√!
aW-∏n-t®m-fq. O¿Zn hcn-√. t\m°p-tºmƒ Hcp Nncn! sNtdy Hcp ]p©n-cn.
Ipdp∏v : (Ipd®v ]Xps° Nncn-°p-∂p) h√m-sØm-tcm¿a!
AΩmfp : (A¬]w Kuc-h-Øn¬) B Nncn F∂pw Rm≥ ad-°n-√. t]Sn-°≠ Hcm-f-√.
Hcp Nßm-Xn-X-s∂-bmWv∂v tXm∂n-bXv, B sNtdy Nncn Nncn® t\cw
sXm´mWv.
Ipdp∏v Xpd∂p Nncn-°p-∂p. Ah¿ ho≠pw \S-°p-∂p.
37
ImW-°msW
ko≥ 51
ASpØ ]I¬
hoSv
AΩm-fp, Ipdp∏v
tai-∏p-dØv ]I¿® h∂ hn`-h-߃. DuWv Ign-bm-dm-bn-cn-°p-∂p. ]mbkw Ign-°p∂ Ipdp-∏nt\mSv
AΩmfp : aXn. C\n ]cn∏p]mbtkmw ≠v.
Ipdp∏v : ]meS \∂m-bn. Pm\p Hs° tIam-bn-´p-X-s∂-bm-Wv. Fºm-¥n-cnsS tZlÆw
H´pw tami-ey.
AΩmfp : (]cn∏p]mbkw hnf-ºp-tºmƒ) Ipd®p aXn. Dw, aXn.
At∏mƒ t^m¨tImƒ.
AΩmfp : Rm≥ t\m°mw.
Imc-W-h¿ hnkvX-cn®v ]mbkw Ign-°p-∂p. AΩmfp t^mWn¬ ]d-bp∂ i_vZw tIƒ°mw: F\n°vkpJeym∂v
tI´v shdpsX h∂-Xm-Wv... B _o\-tamfpw ≠mbn-cp-∂p... A—≥ DuWp Ign-°m... B, Rm≥ ]d-bmw... Hm,
Atøm IjvSmbn.
DuWp Ign™v Fgp-t∂‰v ssI Igp-Ip-tºmƒ AΩmfp h∂v:
cm[-bm-Wv. tIip h∂-X-dn-™n- p-≠v. _o\sS Imcyw Ft¥m Adn-™n- p≠v∂v
tXm∂vWp. Rms\m∂pw ]d-™n-√.
Ipdp∏v ssI IgpIn tXm¿Øn¬ XpS®v :
DuWv Ipd®v PmkvXym-bn.
AΩmfp : B Nn∂-a-Wn-b-Ω-tey. AXv Ipfnap-dn-bn¬ hoWp. Ac-s°-s´m-Sn-™p. Bip]-
Xn-em-W-tX.
Ipdp∏v : Ah-sc-sbms° Cuiz-c≥ thKw Aß´v hnfn-Iym. AsXm-c-\p-K-lm-hpw.
Fßs\ Ign-™-XmWv! a\p-jym-h-ÿ-sb-∏‰n \ap-s°m∂pw ]d-bm≥ ]‰n-√.
Ipdp∏v InS-∏p-ap-dn-bn-te-°v.
ko≥ 52
]I¬
hoSv
InS-∏p-ap-dn-bn¬ hni-an-°m-\mbn InS-°p∂ Ipdp-∏v. AΩmfp h∂v ]pX∏v
Im¬°-te°v Ib-‰n-bn´v Hcp hiØp InS-°p-∂p.
AΩmfp : Rmt\-bv, Ipd-®o-kmbn ]tdWw ∂v hnNm-cn-®n-´v,
Beqcv∂v h∂ Btem-N-\sS Imcyw.
Ipdp∏v : (Kuc-h-Øn¬) C\n AXv hnkvX-cn-®n-s´¥m Imcyw?
Fs‚ IqsS Ign-bm-\m-bn-cp∂p Xte-se-gpØv!
Xo¿∂nt√?
AΩmfp : (Nncn-®v) Beq-cvtØbv Rm≥ shdpsX ]d-™-Xm.
Hcm-tem-Nt\w h∂n-√. BZym-bn´v F\n°v h∂
BtemN\ CX-∂m-bn-cp-∂p. AXv \S°qw sNbvXp.
38
tIc-f-]m-Tm-hen ae-bmfw IX
Ipdp∏v : (Nncn-®v) AXv GI-tZiw Rm\q-ln-®n-cp-∂p. C√mØ Hcm-tem-N-\sS tIaØw
]td-tWev Hcp ckw ≠t√m. AXv If-b-≠m-®n´v Rm≥ X¿°n-°m-≠n-cp-∂-
Xt√ CXp-hsc. \obv sI´n-®-a®v Hmtcm∂v ]d-bptºm apJw t\m°ym¬ F\n-
°-dn-bnt√.
c≠mfpw s]m´n-®n-cn-°p-∂p. Abmƒ KymkvS-_nƒsIm≠v H∂-kz-ÿ-\m-hp-∂p. ]ns∂ Dds° izmkw hnSp-
∂p. Abmƒ Hcp Zo¿L-izm-k-tØmsS aµ-l-kn®v InS-°p-∂p.
AΩmfp : DuWv Ipd-®-[n-Im-bn. cmXn s]mSn-b-cnsS I™n amXw CØncn Ign-®m¬
aXn.
Abmƒ an≠p-∂n-√. ab-ßm≥ XpS-ßp-∂p.
Btem-N-\bv°p-tijw
_o\-tamƒsS Imcyw sImg-s∏m∂pw IqSmsX Ign-™p-Iq-Sn-bm¬ aXn-bm-bn-cp-
∂p. \ap°v Atßm-s´m∂v hnfn-°mw. C∂v cmXoev˛
i_vZ-sam∂pw tIƒ°m-Ø-t∏mƒ:
Hd-ßn, At√?
Ah¿ t\m°p-tºmƒ Hcp ]¥n-tI-Sv. aµ-lm-k-tØmsS Imc-W-h¿ InS-°p-∂p. ]t£, \n›-ew. s\©Øv
ssIh-®-t∏mƒ Hcp \Sp-°w. Ah-km-\n®p F∂ \n»-_vZ-amb BLmXw apJØp ]S-cp-∂p.
ko≥ 53
]I¬
Ipdp-∏ns‚ hoSv
]qap-JØv Ipd-®m-fp-Iƒ IqSn\n¬°p-∂p. sNdn-sbmcp a\p-jys‚ ac-W-am-Wv.
acn-®p-In-S-Ønb Ipdp-∏ns‚ Im¬°-te°v h∂v IÆ≥ \a-kvI-cn-°p-∂p. ap‰Øpw hcm-¥-bnep-sams°
Bƒ°m¿. Xe-bv°¬ a°ƒ, t]c-°p-´n-Iƒ, tIip-hns‚ `mcy. ]cn-k-c-Øn¬ tIip.
(cma≥Ip´n t^mWn¬ At\z-j-W-߃°p adp-]Sn ]d-bp-∂p)
IÆ≥ \a-kvI-cn®v XncnsI hcp-tºmƒ ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ h∂p-Iq-Snb Npcp°w t]sc ImWmw.
ko≥ 53 F
cmXn
hoSv
ho´p-]-cn-k-c-Øn¬ GIm-In-bmbn \n¬°p∂ IÆ≥. AIse
]d-ºns‚ AXn¿Øn-bn¬ Zln-∏n -t®-S-Øp-\n∂p≈ ]pI Db-
cp-∂p. t\¿Ø Ccp´v. Ccp-´ns‚ Hcp Iodp-t]mse IÆ-\pw.
ko≥ 54
k‘y
hoSv
ih-kw-kvIm-chpw a‰pw Ign-™-tijw Hcp k‘y. hoSns‚
]qap-JØv cm[, chn, tIip, Pb≥, tIip-hns‚ `mcy F∂n-h¿ ]te-
S-Ømbn Ccn-°p-∂p.
AΩmfp Nph¿ Nmcn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Ah-cpsS apJØv IÆo-cn√.
hnjmZw AIta Ds≠-¶nepw im¥-amWv `mhw.
39
ImW-°msW
chn : AhnsS Ipd®p Znhkw \n¬Izm. ]ns∂ Hcp am‰w thW-sa∂p tXm∂n-bm¬
tItiz-´s‚ ASp-tØ°p t]mImw.
Pb≥ : AΩbv°v Ipssh-‰n-te°pw hcmw. ]pXnb ÿew. \m´v∂v Ipd®p hn´p-\n-
∂m¬Øs∂ a\- n\v kpJw tXm∂pw. Ct∏mƒ sIm®o∂v t\cn´v ^vssf‰p-
≠-t√m. bmXbv°v Hcp _p≤n-ap-´q-ey.
tIip : ]dºpw hoSpw Hs° B cma≥Ip´n t\m°n-t°m-fpw. \√ she In´n-bm¬
]ns∂ sImSp°qw sNømw. ChnsS CØncn Irjn sNbvXn´v F¥m Imcyw?
cm[ : FhnsS \n¬°m\m CjvS∂v AΩ-bmWv \n›-bn-°-≠-Xv.
kp`Z : Rm≥ ]d-bzm-®m¬, amdnamdn aq∂p ÿeØpw \n¬°mw. CS-bv°n-Sbv°v Hcp
sNbv©v h∂m¬ AΩbv°v Hcp aSp∏pw tXm∂n√ At√, AtΩ?
AΩ apJ-ap-b¿Øn Ahsc t\m°p-∂p.
AΩmfp : Rms\-h-Sbv°pw √ Ip´n-Itf!
(Ah¿°-¤p-Xw)
Pb≥ : AΩ ChnsS H‰bv°v Fßs\?
AΩmfp : (Xe-Ip-\n®v Bfl-KXw t]mse) Rms\m-‰-bv°-√. A—≥ Cu Np‰p-h-´Øv
F∏gpw D≠m-hpw. F\n-s°mcp _p≤n-ap´pw hcn√ Ip´n-I-tf.
IqSp-X¬ Bcpw hmZn-°≠ F∂-dn-bn°pw t]mse AΩ AI-tØ-°v.
ko≥ 55
]I¬
Ipdp-∏ns‚ hoSv
a°ƒ aS-ßn-t∏m-bn-cn-°p-∂p. ho´n¬ AΩ X\n-sb.
ame-Xnbpw `mkvI-c\pw IqSn hcp-∂p.
AΩmfp tImem-bn¬ XqWn-\SpØmbn \n¬°p-∂p.
bmX-bv°p≈ thj-Øn-emWv ame-Xnbpw `mkvI-c-\pw.
`mkvI-c≥: Rßfv t]mhzm. c≠mgvN Ign-™m¬ H∂p hcpw. _‘p-ho-Sp-I-fn-sems°
tIdn-°-gn-™n-√.
AΩmfp aµ-l-kn®v icn-h-bv°p-∂p. `mkvI-c≥ ]pd-tØ-°v. ameXn ]ns∂bpw hen-b-Ω-bpsS kao]w
\n¬°p∂p. Ahƒ°pw h√m-sØmcp hnjm-Z-ap-≠v. tNm‰p-]m-Xw-sIm≠v IÆ≥ AItØ°v.
AΩmfp : (im¥-`m-h-Øn¬) _p≤n-ap-´msX t]mbn hen-b-—≥. Fs‚ BK-lw-t]m-se-
Xs∂.
ameXn : AΩ-tbmSv Rm≥ ]tXyIw ]d-™n-´p-≠v, Chn-SsØ Imcyw t\m°m≥.
AΩmfp : (AXv i≤n-°m-sX) F√m kvXoIƒ°pw BKlw `¿Ømhn-cn-°p-tºmƒ
acn-®p-t]m-tW-∂m-Wv. awK-ey-tØmsS acn-°z. F‚-Ω-sbms° ]td-WXv tI´n-
´p-≠v. AX-dntbzm ame-Xn°v?
IÆ≥ h∂v AΩm-fp-hns‚ kao]w \n¬°p-∂p.
Fs‚ ]m¿Y\ adn-®m-bn-cp-∂p. Rm\p-≈-t∏mƒ IjvS-s∏-SmsX hey-—≥ t]mtW
F∂v. AXo-iz-c≥ tI´p!
ame-Xn°v a\- n-em-hp-∂n-√.
40
tIc-f-]m-Tm-hen ae-bmfw IX
$ "Hcp sNdp-]p-©ncn' F∂ Xnc-°-Y-bn¬\n∂p Pohn-X-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ Nne ImgvN-∏m-
Sp-Iƒ sXfn™pIn´p-∂p-≠-t√m.
IpSpw-_-_-‘-ß-fnse B¿Z-Xbpw Zm¿Vyhpw
]Ir-Xn- a-\p-jy-_‘w
Pohn-X-Ønse emfnXyw
apX-em-bh Ah-bn¬ Nne-Xm-Wv. as‰-s¥ms° Is≠-Øm-\mhpw? CØcw ImgvN-
∏m-Sp-I-sf ka-Im-enIPohn-X-hp-ambn Xmc-XaywsNøq.
$ ""AΩmfp XqWn-\-SpØp\n∂v ap‰-Øn-dßn. ]Xp-s°-∏-Xps° tXm´-Øn-te-°v. Ah¿
tXm´-Øn¬. At∏mƒ hoinb Im‰n¬ tXm´-Ønse Ce-Ifpw h≈n-Ifpw Ah-cpsS
kmao]yw a\- n-emhpw t]mse Nen-°p-∂p. ]¥-en¬ ]S¿Ønb Nne h≈n-Iƒ
Ahsc Bt«-jn-°p-∂p. Rm≥ X\n-®√ F∂ Bizm-k-Øm¬ ZpxJ—mb am™v B
apJw im¥-am-hp-∂p. sNSn-I-fpsS BÀm-Zw.''
kn\na CØ-c-samcp Zriy-Øn¬ Ah-km-\n-∏n-°p∂-Xns‚ HuNn-Xy-sa-¥mhmw?
\nK-a-\-߃ s]mXp-hmbn Ah-X-cn-∏n-°q.
(ame-Xn-tbm-Sm-bn) Ip´n°v AXv a\- n-em-hn-√. cmXn ]mXn-c-bv°mhpw
hb‰n¬°m-f-ev. At∏m tamcv thWw. cmkv\m-Zn-s∏m-Sn-bn-´n-s√-¶n¬ Ipfn-®m¬
\ocn-f-°w. XWp-∏p-hn´ sh≈-Ønte Ipfn-°m-hq. Blmcw Nne-sXms°
hbddn\v Xosc ]nSn-°n-√. Rm\n-√m-Ø-t∏mƒ CsXms° Bcm Adn™p
sNøzm?
ameXn t\m°p-∂p.
ioe-ß-sfms° F\n-°-dn-bvW- am-Xncn thdm¿s°-¶nepw \n›-b-≠mthzm?
H´pw IjvS-s∏-SmsX t]mbXv `mKyw!
Ah¿ Fgp-t∂‰v XqWn-\-SpØp h∂v ]d-ºn-te°p t\m°n\n¬°p-∂p.
Ipd-®-Sn-Iƒ \S∂v ameXn Xncn-™p-t\m-°p-∂p. At∏mƒ hen-bΩ XqWp-]n-Sn-®p-\n∂v tXßn-°-c-bp-I-bm-Wv.
]pd-tØ-°n-d-ßp∂ ame-Xn-tbmSv˛
IÆ≥ : t\ctØ acn-®Xv `mKym-bo-∂t√ heyΩ ]d-™Xv?
ameXn : Dw
IÆ≥ : ]ns∂-¥n\m heyΩ ItcWv?
ameXn : AXv... AXv \n\°v a\- n-em-hn√ IÆm...
ameXn ho´n-te-°v. IÆ≥ AIse \n¬°p∂ hen-b-Ωsb t\m°p-∂p.
AΩmfp XqWn-\-SpØp\n∂v ap‰-Øn-dßn. ]Xp-s°-∏-Xps° tXm´-Øn-te-°v. Ah¿ tXm´-Øn¬. At∏mƒ
hoinb Im‰n¬ tXm´-Ønse Ce-Ifpw h≈n-Ifpw Ah-cpsS kmao]yw a\- n-emhpw t]mse Nen-°p-∂p.
]¥-en¬ ]S¿Ønb Nne h≈n-Iƒ Ahsc Bt«-jn-°p-∂p. Rm≥ X\n-®√ F∂ Bizm-k-Øm¬ ZpxJ—mb
am™v B apJw im¥-am-hp-∂p. sNSn-I-fpsS BÀmZw.
Hcp sNdp]p©ncn
41
ImW-°msW
$ "Hcp sNdp-]p-©ncn' F∂ Xnc-°Y ]q¿W-ambn hmbn®v Ipdp-∏v, AΩm-fp, IÆ≥
F∂o IYm-]m-X-ß-fpsS -k-hn-ti-j-X-Iƒ Is≠-Øq.
$ "Hcp sNdp-]p-©n-cn-'bnse Ipdp∏v ]d-bp-∂Xv i≤n-°q. ""a\p-jym-h-ÿsb∏‰n \ap-
s°m∂pw ]d-bm≥ ]‰n√'' Cu Bi-bsØ bqWn-‰nse ]mT- m-K-ß-fp-ambn tN¿Øp-
h®v ]cn-tim-[n-°q.
$ C°m-eØv hr≤-k-Z-\-߃ A\n-hm-cy-am-sW∂v A`n-]m-b-ap-≈-h-cp≠v. AXn-t\mSv
tbmPn-°p-∂-hcpw hntbmPn-°p-∂-h-cp-ap-≠m-hpw. Hcp kwhmZw kwLSn-∏n-°q.
87
A°-c-∏-® -tXSn
$ Cu t^mt´m-Km^v hni-I-e\w sNbvXv Ipdn-s∏-gp-Xp-I.
sNdn-b -a\p-jycpw henb tem-Ihpwa\p-j-ym-hÿ Nn-Xo-I-cn-°m≥ kmln-Xyw amX-a√, NnX-ßfpw ka¿Y-am-
Wt√m. Pn. Ac-hn-µ≥ Chsb Iq´n-bn-W-°nb IÆn-bm-Wv. At±-l-Øns‚
"sNdn-b -a\p-jycpw henb tem-Ihpw' Cu A¿Y-Øn¬ Hcp Nn-X-Imhy-am-
Ip∂p. kvvSn∏v Im¿´q-Wn-eqsS kmln-X-y-sØbpw Im¿´q¨Ie-sbbpw Zm¿i-
\n-I-amb Dƒ°cp-Øns‚ ]n≥_-e-Øn¬ At±lw ka-\z-bn-∏n°p-∂p. Im¿´q-
Wp-I-fn¬ s]mXpth hy-‡-amb Hcp IYtbm IYm-]m-X-߃°v A\p-I-a-
amb hf¿®tbm hnIm-ktam ImWm-dn-√. Ac-hn-µ-\m-Is´, cmap-hns\ tIµI-
Ym]mXam°n Hcp IY hnI-kn-∏n-s®-Sp-°p-Ibpw AXn\v BZn-a-[-ym-¥-s∏m-
cpØw D≠m-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p.
6
88
tIc-f-]m-Tm-hen ae-bmfw IX
sNdn-b-a\p-jycpw henbtem-Ihpw
89
A°-c-∏-® -tXSn
90
tIc-f-]m-Tm-hen ae-bmfw IX
91
A°-c-∏-® -tXSn
$ Im¿´q-Wp-Ifnse apJ-y-I-Ym-]m-X-amb cmap t\cn-Sp∂ ]Xn-k-‘n-Iƒ Fs¥m-s°-
bmWv?
$ aq∂p Im¿´q-Wnepw IS-∂p-h-cp∂ IYm-]m-X-am-Wt√m KpcpPn. Kpcp-Pn-bpsS kw`m-j-
W-߃ i≤n-°q. Cu IYm-]m-X-Øns‚ kz`m-h-sØ-°p-dn®v Fs¥√mw \nK-a-\-ß-
fn-se-Øn-t®cmw?
$ ta¬ sImSp-Øn-cn-°p∂ Im¿´q-Wnse Hmtcm IYm-]m-X-Øns‚bpw kw`m-j-W-Øn¬
sXfn-bp∂ Pohn-Xm-hÿ Xncn-®-dn™v eLp-Ip-dn∏v Xbm-dm-°p-I.
92
tIc-f-]m-Tm-hen ae-bmfw IX
Cu Ifn F\n°v aSp-Øn-cn -°p-∂p.
I\nhm¿∂ ]e Imcy-ßfpw a\- n¬
sIm≠p \S-t°≠ Ah-k-c-ß-fn¬ Ah-
bn-sem-∂n\p t\scbpw apJw Xncn-°m≥
Ign-bmsX Rm≥ Znh-khpw sI´n-s°m-≠n-
cn-°p∂ thjw F∂n¬ Ad-∏pfhm°n-Øp-
S-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂p.
Rm≥ AWn-™n-cn-°p∂ thj-߃°v
`mcw IqSn-h-cn-I-bmWv. BZyw hcp-tºmƒ
CXv CX-sbm∂pw C√m-bn-cp-∂p. hmbn¬
sIm≈m-hp-∂X Imcy-ßtf hnfn®p]d-
bm≥ D≠m-bn-cp-∂p-≈q. F∂m¬ Ct∏mƒ
km[-\-ß-fpsS t]cp-Iƒ s]cp-In-bn-cn-°p-
∂p. Hcm-hrØn ]d™pXocp-tºm-tg°pw
\mhp Ipg-bpw. hmbnse sh≈w h‰pw.
icoc-Øn¬ t]dn-bn-cn-°p∂ km[-\-ß-
fpsS FÆw IqSn-bXp ImcWw t\sc-
\n∂p hnfn-®p-]-d-bm-\p-am-hp-∂n-√. `mc-ß-
fp-ambn sX√p t\cw kwkm-cn®pXpS-ßp-
tºm-tg°pw Xe Ip\n-bm≥ XpS-ßpw. \s -
√n-\p-≈n¬ \n∂v Btcm Nm´hm¿ sIm≠-
Sn-°p∂ Ah-ÿ.
Aßs\ hc≠ Np≠p-ambn Ip\n™p
\n¬°p-tºm-gmWv apX-emfn Imdn¬ h∂n-
d-ßn-b-Xv. hfsc Xam-i-I-e¿∂ Ft¥m
H∂v Pohn-X-Øn¬ BZy-ambn ImWp∂
`mh-Øn¬, Fs∂ I≠-bp-Ss\ apX-emfn
]d-™p:
""Cu \n¬∏mWv \√-Xv. \nh¿∂p \n¬°p-
tºmƒ shdpw km[m-cW \n¬∏mtb
ImWp-∂-h¿ Icp-Xq. Bfp-I-fpsS i≤-bn¬
s]Sp-I-bp-an-√. aptºm- ¬∏w Ip\n™v \ne-
tØ°p hogp -I-bm-sWt∂m BIm-i-
tØ°p ]d-°m-t\m-ßp-I-bm-sWt∂m
tXm∂-ep-≠m-Ip∂ Hchÿ. \ns‚ apºn¬
Bfp-Iƒ Cßs\ IqSn-\n¬°p-∂-Xns‚
\K-c°m-gvN-Iƒ ]c-k-y-ß-fpsS ImgvN-Iƒ IqSn-bm-W-t√m. ]c-k-y-ß-fn¬
a\pjy≥ kzbw \jvS-s∏-Sp-∂pt≠m?
aSpØ Ifn
93
A°-c-∏-® -tXSn
clkyw C∂m-sW-\n°p ]nSn-In-´n-b-Xv.''
kz¬∏w Ign™p tjmdq-ans‚ AI-tØ°p
Ib-dn-t∏m-Ip-∂-Xn\p aptº Hcp \nKq-V
-c-lkyw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-tºmse apX-emfn
]d-™p: ""\nh¿∂p \n¬°p-∂Xv B¿°pw
CjvS-a-s√∂pw Adn-bm-at√m? Ip\n-bp-∂-
XmWv \√Xv F∂pw. AXp ad-t°≠.''
Abmƒ Hmtcm ]mhiyw tjmdq-an-te°v
hcp-tºmgpw F\n-°p-d-∏mWv. Hcp ]pXnb
km[-\-Øns‚ t]cp-IqSn Rm≥ ]d-tb-≠n-
bn-cn-°p-∂p; as‰m∂pIqSn Rm≥ Npa-t°-
≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. apX-em-fn-bpsS tjmdq-an¬
In´m -Ø-Xmbn H∂p-an -√. \K-c -Øn¬
hmßm≥ In´p∂ F√m km[-\-ßfpw Hcn-
SØp\n∂p amXw hmßm≥ Ign-bp∂
ÿew F∂mWv Abmƒ tjmdq-an-s\
hnti-jn-∏n-®n-cp-∂-Xv. AXp icn-bm-bn-cp-
∂pXm\pw. apX-emfn tjmdq-an-te°p hcp-
tºm-sgms° ]pXnb Fs¥-¶nepw km[\w
IqSn AhnsS FØn-bn-cn-°pw.
]ns∂ Fs∂ hnfn®v AXns‚ KpWKW-
߃ ]Tn-∏n-°pIbmbn. AXp ]d-tb-≠
D®m-c-W-co-Xn. sImXpIpXncn-sb-°p-dn®p
]d-bp∂ AtX coXn-bn-em-bn-cn-°-cp-Xv
Ão¬∏mX-ß-sf-°pdn®p ]d-bp-∂Xv. ]uU-
dn-s\-°p-dn®pw tkm∏n-s\-°p-dn®pw kwkm-
cn-°p-tºmƒ hfsc hyXy-kvX-amb ioe-
amWv kzoI-cn-t°-≠-Xv. F√mw Ign™v
kmºnƒs∏´n-I-fn-sem∂v Fs‚ apXp-IØp
Ib-‰n-h-bv°p-∂-tXmsS apX-emfn IrXm¿Y-
\m-hp∂p. FXn-tc-bp≈ IÆm-Sn -bn¬
sXfn™ Na-b-ß-tfm-sS-bp≈ Fs‚
hnIrXcq]-Øns‚ ]Xn-—m-b-bn-te°p
t\m°n Abm-sfm∂p \o´n-®n-cn-°p-∂p.
""aXn aXn. \ns‚ Cu thjw [mcm-fw. Cu
sXcp-hn-eqsS t]mIp-∂-h¿ \ns∂-sbm∂p
t\m°ntb t]mhq.''
I®-hSw [mcmfw In´p∂ Znh-k-ß-fn¬ Na-
b-ß-f-gn®p ho´n-te°p t]mIp-tºmƒ A`n-
\-µ-\-am-sW∂ \nebv°v apX-emfn ]d-
bmdp≠v:
""tIm¥∏m, \o C∂p Ie°n.''
I®-hSw Ipd-™m¬ AXn\pw Ip‰w
tIƒt°-≠n-h-cp∂p: ""F¥mSm tIm¥m,
\ns‚ sXm≠ C∂p hc-≠n-cpt∂m?''
Fs‚ t]sc∂ \ne-bv°mWv tIm¥-∏≥
F∂pw tIm¥-s\∂pw apX-emfn Fs∂
hnfn-°p-∂-Xv. I®-hSw IqSp-tºmƒ tIm¥-
∏\pw Ipd-bp-tºmƒ tIm¥s\-∂p-am-hp-∂p.
CsXm-∂p-a√ Fs‚ t]sc∂pw Iptd-°qSn
a[p -c -amb Hcp t]c v kz¥-ambn
F\n°ps≠∂pw Abm-tfmSv ]d-b-W-sa∂v
]e-h´w hnNm-cn -®-Xm-Wv. thjwsI´n
\n¬°p-tºmƒ Hm¿°pw, ChnsS F\n°v
t]sc-¥n\v? tjmdqans‚ apºn¬ \K-c-ho-
Yn-bn-te°v Cd-ßn-\n¬°p∂ hnNn-X-Pohn,
tjmdq-an-te°v Ign-bp-∂X t]sc BI¿jn-
°m≥ GXp thjhp-sa-Sp-°mw.
t]cv Hc-\m-h-iy-am-sW∂v tXm∂n-bXp
sIm≠v apX-emfn hnfn-°p∂ t]cv Rmt\-
s‰-Sp-Øp.
Znh-khpw F´p-a-Wn°p apºmbn tjmdq-an¬
FØ-W-sa-∂-XmWv \nb-aw. AXn-\p-
th≠n Ime-Øp-Xs∂ ho´n¬ \n∂p ]pd-
s∏-Sp-∂p. kvIqfn¬ ]Tn-°p∂ aIƒ F∂pw
tNmZn°pw: ""A—≥ Ftßm´p t]mIp∂p?''
F\n°v Hcp ÿncw adp-]-Sn-bp-≠v:
""Iº-\n-bn-te°v.''
\K-c-Ønse hen-sbmcp Iº-\n-bnse
tPmen-°m-c-\mb A—≥ aI-fpsS kz]v\-
ß-fn¬ Fs‚ cq]w \nd-bp-∂Xp Rm≥
ImWp-∂p. sXmgn-en-√msX ho´n-en-cn-°p∂
aI\p amXta Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-∂p-≈q,
A—≥ Ftßm-´mWv t]mIp-∂-sX-∂v.
shbnepw agbpw sIm≠v ImeØp apX¬
A—-\-ßs\ \n¬°p-∂p. hnNnXcq]n-
bmb A—s‚ apºn¬ ImgvN-°m¿ IqSn-bn-
cn-°p-∂p.
""t]mIq t]mIq; tjmdq-an -\-I-tØ°v
t]mIq. AhnsS B A¤p-X-tem-IØv
\n߃°v In´m-Ø-Xmbn H∂p-an-√.''
94
tIc-f-]m-Tm-hen ae-bmfw IX
\ndp-ØmsX A—≥ kwkm-cn®psIm≠n-cn-
°p-∂p. ImgvN-°m-cpsS CS-bn¬ Hcp-\mƒ
aIs‚ apJhpw I≠tXm¿an-°p-∂p. A—≥
Xs∂ Xncn-®-dn-bp∂p F∂p tXm∂n-b-
tXmsS Xnc-°n¬ Ah≥ Ftßm A]-
Xy-£-\m-hp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
A∂papX¬ aIs‚ apJsØ Xnf°w
sISp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.
Ah-\p-IqSn Hcp tPmen In´n-bm¬ IpSpw_w
c£-s∏Spw. tImtf-Pn¬ \n∂p Pbn®
Znhkw A°mcyw apX-em-fn-tbmSp kqNn-
∏n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. ""sIan-kvSn-bn¬ H∂m-
a-\m-bn´m aI≥ ]mkm-bXv. F¥p Imcy-
Ønepw Ah≥ anSp-°\m. ChnsS Fhn-sS-
sb-¶nepw Hcp tPmen.''
BZy-sam∂pw apX-emfn i≤n-°p-∂n-s√∂p
tXm∂n. A∂sØ hcp-am\w FÆn-Øn-´-
s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn-em-bn-cp∂p i≤ apgp-h≥.
t\m´psI´p-Iƒ tk^n¬ AS®ph®p aS-
ßn-h-∂-t∏mƒ ho≠pw ]d-bm≥ XpSßn.
At∏mgpw Ftßm i≤n-°p-I-bm-sW∂
\mSy-Øn-em-bn-cp∂p Abmƒ. CSbv°v
t^m¨hnfn IS-∂p-h-∂p. t^m¨ Xmsg
h®-t∏mƒ ho≠pw Iptd t\cw Xs‚ apJ-
tØ°p t\m°n. AXn-\p-tijw Ahn-iz-
k\o-b-amb Ft¥m H∂v tI´-Xp-t]mse
apX-emfn tNmZn -®p: ""thjw sI´m≥
F¥n\m tIm¥∏m ChnsS c≠m-fv?''
A∂p Ifn Ah-km-\n -∏n -°-W-sa∂v
tXm∂n-b-Xm-Wv. tZl-Øn¬ hen-®p-I-
b‰nb F√m km[-\-ßfpw Abm-fpsS apJ-
tØ°p hen-s®-dn™v Hscm‰ \S-Øw.
F\n°v \nh¿∂p\S-°m≥ Ign-bp-sa∂v apX-
em -fnsb ImWn -°-W-sa∂pw Rm≥
tamln®p. ]t£, AXp \S-∏n-√m-bn-cp-∂p.
AhnsS \n∂p t]m∂n´v Rms\¥p sNøm-
\mWv? BsI Adn--bm-hp∂ tPmen Cu
thjwsI´¬ amXw. Ime-∏-I¿®-bn-√msX
AXp sNøm-\p≈ IcpØpw F\n-°p-≠m-
bn-cp-∂p. FX km[-\-ß-fpsS `mchpw
Rm≥ hln-°pw. Ah-bpsS t]cp-Ifpw
Fs‚ Hm¿a-bn¬ IØn-\n¬°pw. hmbnse
\\hv h‰n-bm¬ t]mepw t]cp-I-fpsS
Nße Bh¿Øn-°p-∂-Xn¬ F\n-s°m´v
hnap-J-X-bp-an-√m-bn-cp-∂p. ]t£, as‰m-cn-
SØpw Fs∂ Bh-iy-an -√. ImcWw,
CØcw tjmdq-ap-Itfm AXn\p apºn¬
tImam-fn-thjw [cn® hnNnXPohntbm
Ahn-sS-sbßpw D≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√.
\K-c-ho-Yn-bnse Xnc-°n¬ ho≠pw H‰-s∏ v
Rm≥ hnfn®p]d-bm≥ XpS-ßn: ""sa®-s∏´
KpWw Xp—-hn-e, Bh-iy-°msc tamln-∏n-
°p-∂ A¤p-X-tem-Iw. CXm \nßsf
ImØn-cn-°p-∂p.''
Bc-h-߃°p aosX Fs‚ i_vZw HgpIn
\S-t°-≠-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. ]t£, A∂v F¥p-
sImt≠m Fs‚ i_vZ-Øn\v th≠X apg-
°-ap-≠m-bn-√. \\™ Hcp XpWn Btcm
Fs‚ i_vZ-߃°p apI-fn¬ hnS¿Øn-bn-
´n-cn-°p-∂p. FX ian-®n´pw i_vZsØ
F\n°v s]m°n-sb-Sp-°m≥ Ign-™n-√.
ho≠pw H∂p I\-∏n®p ]d-bm≥ ian-s®-
¶nepw AXn\p km[n-®n-√. AXp NnX-dn-
t∏mbn. Hcp ]mc-h-iy-Øns‚ \Sp-hn-em-bn-
cp-∂p Rm≥.
At∏m-gmWv apX-em-fn-bpsS Iucyw ]pf-
bv°p∂ IÆp-Iƒ Fs∂-Øs∂ i≤n-°p-
∂-Xmbn Rm≥ I≠-Xv. Rm≥ IqSp-X¬
hnh-i-\m-bn. i_vZw Xosc s]mßmØ
Ah-ÿ. \K-c-ho-Yn-bn¬ H®-bn-√mØ Hcp
t\m°p-Ip-Øn-bmbn Rm≥ amdn.
""Fs¥Sm tIm¥m, \n\°p an≠m- -ant√?''
Zo\-ambn Rms\m∂p t\m°n. Fs‚
ssZ\yX apgp-h≥ B t\m´-Øn¬ D≠m-
bn-cp-∂p. ]t£, AsXm∂pw Abm-fn¬
A¬∏w t]mepw Cd-ßn-s®-∂n-s√∂v
F\n°v a\- n-em-bn. IÆp-I-fnse cuZw
At∏mgpw Bfn-°-Øp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.
""]mbw Iptd-bm-bnt√. H®bpw \S∏pw
C\n ]≠-sØ-t∏mse Bt∆m?''
95
A°-c-∏-® -tXSn
Ifn Ah-km-\n-∏n-°m≥ ka-b-am-sb-∂mWv
apX-emfn kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. CsX√mw Agn-
®p-h-bv°-W-sa∂v Rm≥ Ft∂ BK-ln-
®-Xm-Wv. ]t£, tPmen-bn-√mØ aI≥,
kvIqfn¬ ]Tn-°p∂ aIƒ, Hcp IpSpw-_w.
Hm¿°p-tºmƒ ho≠pw sXcp-hn-te-°p-
Xs∂ Rm≥ aSßn FØp-∂p.
]t£, Ign™ Znh-ksØ kw -h-tØmsS
Rm≥ Xocp-am-\n®p ˛ CX-h-km-\n-∏n-°pI
Xs∂. Hcp-®-t\-cØv \K-c-Øns‚ Be-ky-
Øn-te°v IÆpw \´v Rm≥ \n¬°p-I-bm-
bn-cp-∂p. B ka-bØv sXcp-hn¬ Xnc°v
Ipd-hm-bn-cn°pw. At∏mƒ AX-amXw
kwkm-cn-t°≠ Bh-iy-an-√. Np‰pw ImgvN-
°m¿ D≠m-hp-I-bp-an-√. Fs‚ kzImcy
Nn¥-bn-te°p aS-ßp∂ ka-b-am-bn-cp∂p
AXv. F\n°v In´nb Pohn-X-Øns‚
ssZ\y-X-sb-°p-dn®p Rm≥ Nn¥n-°pw.
s]mcp -fn -√mØ Ft¥m H∂m-Wt√m
F\n°p hn[n-°-s∏- -Xv. F∂pw Hcp \ndta
AXn-te°v IS-°m-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-≈q; \nd-
an-√mØ Hcp \ndw. At\Iw s]mdp-Xn-tI-
Sp-I-fpw \n -lm-b-X-I-fp-am-Wv Cu \nd-߃
F∂n-te -s°-Øn -°p -∂-X v . ssZhta,
Cßs\ Hcp \mƒ \n»q-\y-\mbn Cu sXcp-
hn¬ InS∂p acn -°p-a -t√m. AsXmcp
IW°n¬ \√ acWwXs∂; `mcw
kln°hømsX ]Xps° Xmtgm -´ -
a¿∂p≈ A¥yw.
Ft¥m i_vZw tI´-t∏mƒ ho≠pw Rm≥
D®-bn-te°p aSßnh∂p.
sXcp-hns‚ Atß A‰Øv kvIqƒ°p´n-I-
fpsS Hcp \nc ]Xy-£-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂p.
hfsc A®-S-°-tØmsS Ah¿ \S-∂p-h-cn-
I-bmWv. Hma-\-Ø-ap≈ sIm®v B¨Ip-´n-
Ifpw s]¨Ip-´n-Ifpw. ]Xn-hn-√mØ Hcp
ImgvN-bm-bn-cp∂p AXv. GtXm Kma-Øn¬
\n∂v \Kcw ImWm-s\-Ønb Ip´n-I-fm-bn-
cn-°p-an-h¿. Ah-cn¬ amXta CØcw
HXp°w ImWp-I-bp-≈q. A¤p-X-°m-gvN-Iƒ
I≠p-I≠v Ah-cpsS apJØp ]cn-`-ahpw
\nd-™n-cn-°p-∂p.
Fs‚ Acn-I-sØ-Øn-bm¬ Fs∂ hf-bm-
Xn-cn-°n-√. Ahsc IpSp-IpSm Nncn-∏n-°-Ww.
]pXnb i_vZ-߃ ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-°m\pw
tIm∏n-cm-´n-Iƒ ImWn-°m\pw Rm≥ Xocp-
am-\n-®p. Ah-cpsS a\- p-I-fn¬ \nd™p
\n¬°p∂ \K-c-°m-gvN-Iƒ°p apºn¬
sXcp-hn¬ I≠ hnNn-X-Pohn F∂p-ap-≠m-
bn-cn-°-Ww. Ah¿°v Nncn-°m\pw ]d™p
ckn-°m\pw ]ns∂ qX-Im-e-Øns‚ h¿W-
kz-]v\-ß-fp-ambn Hm¿a-bn¬ kq£n-°m-\pw.
96
tIc-f-]m-Tm-hen ae-bmfw IX
Fs∂ I≠-tXmsS Ip´n-Iƒ ssIsIm-´n-
®n-cn-°m\pw B¿Øp _lfwhbv°m\pw
XpS-ßn. Ah-cpsS he-b-Øn-\-I-Øm-b-
t∏mƒ F√m Ah-i-X-Ifpw ad∂p Rm\pw
]I-S\w ImgvN-h-bv°m≥ XpS-ßn. At∏mƒ
F∂n¬ \n∂v A∂p-hsc D≠m-ImØ
i_vZ-߃ ]pd-Øp-h-∂p, F\n°v A]-cn-
Nn-X-am-b-h. Fs∂ A¤p-X-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂
-Xm-f-am-bn-cp∂p AXn-\v. hfsc sabvhg-°-
tØm-sS-bmWv Rm≥ tIm∏n-cm-´n -Iƒ
ImWn-°m≥ XpS-ßn-b-Xv. ssZhta, F\n-
°n-ß-s\-sbms° ImWn-°m-\m-hptam
F∂v Rm≥ A¥whn´p. Rm≥ tcmam©w
sIm≠p.
sXcp-hn¬ Ip´n-IfpsS Nncn \nd-bp-I-bm-bn-
cp-∂p. AXn-\n-S-bn¬ Rm≥ I≠p, Iq´-
Øn¬ Hcp Ip´n -amXw Nncn-°msX amdn-
\n¬°p-∂p. Fhn-sStbm Hfn-°m≥ ian-
°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p, AXv.
Fs∂ Cu \ne-bn¬ I≠n´v Nncn-°m≥
Ign-bmØ Ip´ntbm?
B Ip´n-sb-°qSn Nncn-∏n-°pIXs∂. Rm≥
hen-sbmcp tImam-fn-bmbn amdn. F∂m¬
CsX√mw I≠n´pw B Ip´n-bn¬ Hcp am‰-
hp-ap-≠m-bn-√. AXp Ic-bm≥ ian-°p-∂p.
apJ-tØ°p ]mdn-hoW sI´p-]m-Sp-Iƒ am‰n
Rm≥ B Ip´nsb Xd-∏n-®p-t\m°n. ]ns∂
F\n°v i_vZ-ta-bn-√m-Xm-bn.
"tamtf'
hnfn- tI-´n´p tI´-`mhw \Sn-°msX, Xncn-
s™m∂p t\m°pI t]mepw sNømsX
Ahƒ Iq´p-Im-cn-I-fpsS CS-bn¬ Xe-
]qgvØn. \mWw sIm≠v Ah-fpsS apJw
I\-Øn-cp-∂p. F∂n¬ \n∂v AI-∂p-
sIm≠n-cns° Ahƒ hmhn´pIc-bm≥
XpSßn.
]nt‰∂p hnIrXthj-߃ Agn®phbv°p-
tºmƒ F\n°p ZpxJta tXm∂n-bn-√. apX-
em-fnbpw Fs∂ A¤p-X-tØmsS t\m°p-
I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Xe \nh¿Øn bmX]d-bp-
tºmƒ Rm≥ Hm¿an-∏n-®p:
""Fs‚ Ifn Ign™p apX-em-fo, tIm¥-
∏\pw acn-®p.''
Fs‚ hm°p-Iƒ Abmƒ°v ]nSn-®n-s√∂p
tXm∂p-∂p. tjmdq-ans‚ ]Sn-Iƒ Cd-ßp-
tºmƒ ]d-bp-∂Xp tI´p: ""Ch-\n-s√-¶n¬
thsdmcp tIm¥≥.''
""Mpw, In´pw In´pw. Cßs\ thjw sI´n-
\n¬°m≥ GXp Zcn-Z-hm-kn-bmWv temI-
Øn-ep-≈Xv?''
ASpØ c≠p \mfp-I-fn¬ \K-c-Øn-eqsS
tPmen At\z-jn®p \S-°p∂ Xnc-°m-bn-
cp∂p F\n-°v. Hcn-SØpw tPmen In´n-bn-
s√-¶nepw a\ v kzÿ-am-bn-cp-∂p. hnIrX-
th -j-Øn¬ \n∂p c£-s∏-Sm≥
Ign™t√m.
aq∂mw \mƒ shdpsX ]gb sXcp-hn-eqsS
Rm≥ \S-°m≥ XpS-ßn. h¿j-ß-fmbn
thjwsI´n \n∂ sXcp-hn¬ AsXm-∂p-an-
√msX \S-°m-\p≈ sImXn. \S-∂p-sIm-≠n-
cns° tjmdq-an\v ASp-sØ-Øn-b-t∏mƒ
A¤pXw sIm≠p Rm≥ \Sp-ßn-t∏m-bn.
tjmdqans‚ apºn¬ AtX hnIrXthjw;
AtX i_vZw.
apº-sØ-t∏mse ImgvN-°m¿ AXns\
hebwsNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p. BcmWo thjw
sI´n-bXv?
Iptd-°qSn ASp-tØ°p sN∂p. AXp
Rm≥ Xs∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p˛Fs‚ aI≥.
97
A°-c-∏-® -tXSn
$ tIm¥-∏-≥, tIm¥≥ F∂o t]cp-Iƒ apX-emfn D]-tbm-Kn-°p-tºmƒ apJy-I-Ym-]mX-
Øn\p≠m-Ip∂ `mh-h-y-X-ym-k-߃ Fs¥m-s°bm-bn-cn°pw?
$ ""Fs∂ I≠-tXmsS Ip´n-Iƒ ssIsIm-´n-®n-cn-°m-\pw B¿Øp _lfwhbv°m\pw
XpS-ßn. Ah-cpsS he-b-Øn-\-I-Øm-b-t∏m-ƒ F√m Ah-i-X-Ifpw ad-∂v Rm\pw
]I-S\w ImgvN-h-bv°m≥ XpS-ßn. At∏mƒ F∂n¬ \n∂pw At∂-hsc D≠mImØ
i_vZ-߃ ]pdØph∂p.'' -
A-bm-fn¬ Cu `mh-am-‰-߃°p Imc-W-ambsX¥v? N¿® sNøp-I.
$ IYm-¥y-Øn¬ CXn-hr-Ø-Øn\p kw -hn-°p∂ KXn-am‰w bp.sI. Ipam-cs‚ IYIfpsS
kmam-\y-kz-`m-h-am-Wv. aSpØ Ifn-bn¬ AØ-c-sam-cp- am‰w kw`-hn-°p∂sXßs\?
$ ""D¬]-∂-ß-fp-sSbpw hn]-W-\-Øn-s‚bpw ]c-ky-ß-fp-sSbpw a[y-Øn¬ \n -lm-b-
\m-bn-t∏m-Ip∂ a\p-jys‚ Bfl-kw-L¿j-ß-fmWv "aSp-Ø -I-fn'-bnep-≈-Xv''˛ Cu
]kvXm-h\ FX-amXw icn-bm-Wv? IY hni-I-e\w sNøp-I.
98
tIc-f-]m-Tm-hen ae-bmfw IX
Ccºpw ]I¬®qSpw s]mSnbpw
Zml-ß-fp-an-c-th-´bpw Iucy-ß-fp-sam-gn™pw
Hfn™pw ]Xp-ßnbpw \Kcw IS-t∂≥ Rm≥.
Xm¥-\mbv
\n›n-¥-\mbv
\K-c-]m-¥-Ønse sNΩ¨]m-X-bn-en-dßo Rm≥.
(`mKyam-cpta ]n¥p-S-cp-∂o-en-t∏m-sfs∂!)
]mXn-h-‰nb Poh-\m-Un-Iƒ tXmdpw
BXnc-aWw tN¿∂
sh¨˛
Ipfn¿˛
sX∂¬
\nd™pw
Np‰n-∏n-W™pw
Xfn¿Øpw Xg-bv°-sh,
im¥hpapZm-c-hp-am-sbm-sc≥ ho´n¬
A`bw ]m]n®q Rm≥!
(lmhq, ]n∂n-en-√mcpw!)
kz—-am-sbmcp cmXnbpw IqSn
tamjvSn®p ]mXm-f-Øn¬\n∂v
kqX-Øn¬ sIm≠n-ßp-t]m-t∂≥,
hnb¿∏pw s]mSn-bp-ambv
Nfn-sI-´nb ^b¬s°-´p-Iƒ
C∏-Sn-∏p-c-X≥ Npa¿s∏m-Øn¬
Cd°n kq£n-°s´.
CXn-ep-t≠sd IZp-]p-X-∑m-cp-d-ßp-∂p.
t\m´p-Iƒ
Xm°o-Xp-Iƒ
hni-Zo-I-c-W-߃...
(im¥-hp-ap-Zm-c-hp-amb hoS-ip-≤-s∏-S-cp-Xt√m!)
Np´ -I¬∏-S-hp-I-ƒ tXmdpw
a™p-ho-Wp-b-cp∂ K‘hpw
tamjvSn-s®-SpØ Hcp cmXn
Im¿´qWnse Hcp IYm-]mXw "\nss\-∏-sX√mw \S¥p-hn-´m¬ ssZhw GXp-
anss√' F∂p ]mSp∂p. sa®-s∏´ kuI-c-y-߃ tXSn \K-c-ß-fn-se-Øp∂
a\pjys‚ Ahÿ F¥mWv?
99
A°-c-∏-® -tXSn
$ (`mKyam-cpta ]n¥p-S-cp-∂o-en-t∏m-sfs∂!)
(lmhq, ]n∂n-en-√mcpw!)
(im¥-hp-ap-Zm-c-hp-amb hoS-ip-≤-s∏-S-cp-Xt√m!)
(tamjvSn® apX-ens‚ hne-bn-∂-dn-bp∂q Rm≥!)
Cu hcn-Iƒ he-b-Øn¬ \¬In-b-Xns‚ HuNn-¥y-sa-¥mhmw? Ah Ihn-bpsS am\-
kn-Im-hÿ hyRvPn-∏n-°p-∂pt≠m?
$ \K-c-sØ hnti-jn-∏n-°m≥ Ihn D]-tbm-Kn® ]Z-߃ i≤n-°p-I.
˛ Ccºpw ]I¬®qSpw s]mSnbpw
˛ Zml-ßfpw Cc-th-´bpw Iucy-ßfpw
KmasØ NnXo-I-cn-°m≥ Ihn D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ ]Z-߃ Fs¥ms°? Ihn-X-bpsS
`mh-Xew cq]-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn-\v CØcw Xnc-s™-Sp∏v FXamXw A\p--tbm-Py-amWv?
$ ]ucm-WnI IY-I-fp-ambn _‘-s∏´ Nne kqN-\-Iƒ Ihn-X-bn-ep-≠-t√m. Ah Imhy
kµ¿`-߃°p \¬Ip∂ khn-ti-j-amb A¿Y-߃ Is≠Øn N¿®sNøp-I.
$ "tamjvSn-s®-SpØ Hcp cmXn' F∂ io¿j-I-Øns‚ HuNnXyw N¿®sNøpI.
$ IS-t∂≥, sIm≠nßpt]mt∂≥ XpS-ßnb ]tbm-K-߃ i≤n-®-t√m. Fgp-Ø-—-
s‚bpw sNdp-t»-cn-bp-sSbpw Ihn-X-I-fnepw CØcw ]tbm-K-߃ ImWmw. Cu ]tbm-
K-ß-fpsS ]tXy-I-X-Iƒ F¥mWv? N¿®sNøp-I.
Im´p-s]m-¥-I-fpsS iyma-—m-bbpw
Ipf-Ønse
kz—amw Pe-Øns‚ Ipfn-cpw˛
Rm\o-ip-≤n-bn¬ apgp-I-s´.
IØpao \ne-hn-f-°ns‚
timW-—m-b-bn¬
Xnf-ßp-tam-´p-In-Æ-Ønse
NpSp-I-™n-X-∂m-hnbpw
Np\-\o-en® IÆn-am-ß-X-≥ kzmZpw
Cud\mw Npcpƒap-Sn-®m¿Ønse
ssIX-∏q-hn≥ K‘hpw
ssIØ-≠-I-fnse h¿W-cm-Pnbpw
\n¿±-¥amw inip-hns‚
hfbpw Np≠n¬ ]q°pw kvanXhpw
Ddßpw Ip™n≥
I¨t]m-f-I-fn¬
hncnbpw kwip-≤n-bpw˛
CX-s√-¶n¬ kz¿K-sa-¥n\n thsd?
(tamjvSn® apX-ens‚ hne-bn-∂-dn-bp∂q Rm≥).
]mXm-f-Øns‚ apg°w
100
tIc-f-]m-Tm-hen ae-bmfw IX
Im´n-te°p t]mIt√, Ipt™
Kma-Kr-l-ßsf kz¿K-am-°p-∂Xv Ip™p-ß-fpsS I¨t]m-f-I-fn¬ hncnbp∂
kwip-≤n -am-X-a√, Ahsc kz¥w Nnd-Ins‚ Iogn-sem-Xp°n kvt\l-hm-’-
ey-߃ \¬In hf¿Øp∂ AΩ-am-cpsS hnip≤nbpw hnizm-khpw IqSn-bm-Wv;
Ah-cpsS Icp-X-em-Wv. F¶nepw ...
BI-an-®m-I-an®p Xocm-dm-bn. AXns‚
hSt° Ip∂n≥sN-cp-hn¬ Fs‚ hoSv. ASp-
°-f-bn¬ \n∂p t\m°p-tºmƒ CS-bv°nsS
FØn-t\m-°p∂ Ipdp-°-∑m-cpsS ImSv.
Ip∂n-\-∏pdw kpIp-am-d-go-t°m-Sns‚ \mSv.
Xr»q¿ ho´n¬ \n∂v CØ-hW Xd-hm-´n-
se-Øn-b-t∏mƒ ]Xn-hn\p hn]-co-X-ambn
Ip∂n\v A`n-ap-J-ambn ASp-°-f-hm-Xn-en¬
Ft¥m Hm¿Øv ZpxJn®ncn-°p∂ DΩ-sb-
bmWv I≠-Xv.
"B\na¬ πm\-‰n'¬ Hcp Im´p-t]m-Øns\
c≠p knwl-߃ H∂n®v BI-an-°p∂
cwKw h∂-t∏mƒ s]s´-t∂m¿ØXv ]≈n-
°p-∂n-s\-bm-Wv. As©´p Intemao‰¿ \of-
Øn-en-cn-°p∂ Icp-Ø-\mb Hcp Im´p
t]mØv IS¬°-c-bn¬ A¬∏w ]pdw-Xn-cn-
™n-cn-°p-tºm-se-bmWv Rß-fpsS ]≈n-
°p-∂v. Ip∂ns\ aÆp-am-¥n-b¥w h∂v
101
A°-c-∏-® -tXSn
Rm≥ tNmZn®p:
F¥p-]‰n?
ao≥ Igp-In-b- sh≈w sXßn≥Np-h- n¬ Hgp-
°n-°-f-™n´v aqØ CØ ]d™p:
DΩm°v s\m m-Wv.
Ah¿ Cu¿jytbmsS A-I-tØ°p
t]mbv°-f-™p.
Rm≥ DΩ-bpsS ASpØpsN∂n-cp∂p:
F¥mWp ]iv\w?]d-bv.
Ip∂nse CS-Xq¿∂p hf-cp∂ Im´n≥
s\©n-te°v, AXns‚ Ccp´nte°v DΩ
Zo\-ambn t\m°n.
DΩ ]d™p:
F¥p ]d-bm≥, F√mw t]mbn. C\n
tImgos‚ IqSv amXw _m°o-≠v.
At∏m, tImgnsb Ipdp-°≥ ]nSn-®q∂v ]d!
Hcp IW-°n-\Xp \∂m-bn-˛-Rm≥ Nncn-®p.
... GXp t\chpw tImgn AIØp Xqdn-bnSpw.
\ne-Øn-cp-s∂m∂v tNmdp-Æm≥ kΩ-Xn-
t°zm, AXv? C\n Cu hoSn -s\mcp
hrØnbpw shSn-∏p-ap-≠m-hpw.
tIm]-tØmsS DΩ Fs∂ t\m°n.
C∏w hey ]h-dnev \S-°p∂ \o Xqdo- nt√,
]≠v? InS-t°epw ASp-°-tf-epw... hncn∏v
apgp -h≥ FX XhW aqX-sam -gn® v
ap°o´p≠v.
F\n°v Nncn h∂p.
AXp-t]m-se-bm-tWm, DΩm, Hcp tImgn?
DΩ ho≠pw Ip∂ns‚ ]≈-bnse Ccp≠
ImSp-I-fn-te°p \n -lm-b-bmbn t\m°n.
F∂mepw Fs‚ Ban-\sb B Ipdp-°-
\n∏w F¥p-sN-øp-I-bmhpw?
DΩsb ]tIm-]n-∏n-°m≥ Rm≥ ]d™p:
DΩms‚ Ban\ F∂ tImgnsb C∏w t]cn-
√mØ B Ipdp-°≥ IeymWw Ign®p
ImWpw.
DΩ tZjy-s∏-´p.
ap´- Xn-∂p-am-Xw ioe-ap≈ \n\-°Xp
]d™m a\- n-em-hq-em, lwt°.
Rm≥ kam-[m\n∏n®p:
DΩm, c≠p cq] sImSpØm ]oSn-tI∂v ap´-
In- pw.
DΩ ]d™p: Hcp ap´ F∂p ]d™m c≠p-
cq-]-b√!
]ns∂-sb-¥mWv?
hm°p-I-fn-√msX Ah-scs∂ t\m°n.
A∂v Pe-]m\w Ign-°m≥ Iq´m-°msX DΩ
InS-∂p. Hmtcm DW¿®-bnepw Ban\ F∂
tImgn hoSns‚ ]n∂m-ºp -dØp\n∂p
sIm°-cn-®v Xs∂ hnfn-°p-∂-Xmbn DΩ
tI´p. ]ns∂ Bfl-K-X-sa -t∂mWw,
F∂m¬ D®-Øn¬ ]d™p:
\√ A\p-k-c-W-bp-ff tImgn-bm-bn-cp-∂p.
ImSns‚ mK-tØ°p t]mIt√ t]mI-t√∂v
\qdp-h´w ]d-™-Xm. At√epw AXn-s\-
∏d -™n´p Imcy -√. Ab¬]-°sØ
]qh≥tImgn ]cm-Iaw aqØp h∂t∏m
t]Sn®p ]d∂v ]m™pIb-dn-bXm Hmfv. Hfn-
™p-t\m°n\n¬°p∂ Ipdp-°s‚ ap∂n-
te°v. Hcp-]mSv Ae-dn-hn-fn®p s]Æv. Cu
hb- m≥ ImeØv F\n-°pt≠m Ip∂p-Ωev
HmSn-t°-dm≥ Igo∂v? Fs‚ hn[n!
DΩms‚ Cu tImgn - ]n -b -tam¿Øv
NncnbS°n Rm≥ InS-∂p. Hm¿a-sh® \mƒ
apXte DΩ Cß-s\-bm. A©pw Bdpw
tImgn-I-sf-¶nepw aq∏-Øn-°p Np‰p-ap-
≠mhpw. AXn-√msX DΩ-bn-√.
DΩms‚ skI-´-dn-am-cv-˛-Rm≥ Ifn-bm-°pw.
Hs° Ipdp -°\p - sIm -≠p -t]mbn
sImSp°m≥˛X-d-hm-´n -te°v hcp-tºm-
sgms° Rm≥ Ip‰-s∏-Sp-Øpw.
tUm¿ Sp tUm¿ sUen-h-dn, aƒ´n-\m-j-W¬
t]mU-IvS v , Iº-\n -bpsS ^o¬Uv
AUz¿ssS-kvsa‚ v Fs∂ms° ]d™p
hcp∂ Hcmfpw DΩ-bpsS ap∂n¬ hnP-bn®p
t]mbn- n-√. ssS sI´n-h-∂mepw Hfn-an-∂p∂
Ih¿ I≠mepw aq∏-Øym¿°v Hcp Iqk-
ep-an-√. Ce-IvtSm-WnIv D¬]∂ßfp-ambn
Hcp I®-h-S-°m-c≥ h∂p. Ahs\ I≠Xpw
DΩ a¬a-ens‚ X -sa-SpØv Xe-bn-en- p. DΩ-
tbm-sSm-∏-ap≈ tImgn-°p-™p-߃ Cfw
shbn¬ sIm≈p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. \neØv h -
Øn-en-´p-sIm-SpØ \pdp-°-cn- Xn-∂m≥
Xn°nØn-c-°p∂ tImgn-°p-™p-ßsf
102
tIc-f-]m-Tm-hen ae-bmfw IX
A\pkcn∏n-°m≥ Hcp ssIbn¬ Hme-°m-
ep-ap≠v. I®-h-S-°m-c≥ h∂p-I-b-dnb DS≥
henb k©n Xmsg-h®v ssS t\sc-bm°n
Hscm‰ Im®mWv: KpUvtam-WnMv taUw!
em‰Ivkv aƒ´n -\m-j-W¬ Ce-IvtSm-
WnIvkv Iº-\n-bpsS t]mU-IvSns‚ ]c-
ky-]-Nm-c-Wm¿Yw Iº\n Ab® sd]-
sk-t‚‰ohv BWp Rm≥.
Ah-km-\sØ ]nSn Acn-a-Wnbpw tImgn-
°n-´p-sIm-SpØv ap´n\v ssIXmßn DΩ
Fgpt∂‰p.
A√ Ipt´y, Id-≠ns‚ CkvXn-cn -s∏-
´nt≠m?
Abmƒ bqtdm-]y≥ ssÃen¬ Npa¬
Db¿Øn ssIsIm≠p ]tXyI tNjvS
ImW-n®p:
Hm jph¿! eqWm Atb¨ t_mIvkv
]nÃoPv sF‰w!
DΩm°v Nne ]Z-ß-fpsS A¿Yw Hcp hn[w
]nSn-In-´p-s∂-t∂-bp-≈q. h∂ I£n ap≥h-
cn-∏-√n¬ ¢n∏n-´-Xp-sIm≠v Nncn°v BsI
]pgp-∏-√ns‚ ]Xo-Xn-bm-Wv.
DΩ tNmZn-®p:
A√ tamt\, Cßs\ It®m-S -Øn\p
t]mIpºw ]√v tX°m≥ ]mSn-√m-∂pt≠m?
Nqfn-\n¬°p∂ Ah-\p-ap-∂n¬ DΩ c≠m-
asØ tNmZy-sa-dn-™p.
Bs´, CkvXn-cn-s∏-´n-s°¥m she?
‰q l¨UUv B‚ v ^n^v‰n dp∏o-kv.
F\n°v \ns‚ Cw•o-sim∂pw Xnco-em.
Rms\mcp ap∏-Xp-dp-∏n-I- X-cpw. \o AXp-
sIm≠v I_q-em-°-Ww.
DΩm, Rm≥ ]d-™Xv Ccp-\q-‰-º-Xm-Wv,
Iº-\n-sh-e.
Hcp km[-\-Øn\p hmßp-t∂m-cm -she
CtS≠Xv. A√msX Iº\nb-√.
DΩms‚ C—m-i-IvXn°p ap∂n¬ I®-h-S-
°m-cs‚ aƒ´n-\m-j-W¬ Iº\n H∂p-
a√mXm-bn.
I®-h-S-°m-cs‚ kI-e- a-kn-en-s‚bpw \´pw
t_mƒ´pw H‰-b-Sn°p Xmsg hoWp. Ah≥
Nncn®p aÆp-I-∏n.
DΩ Ahs\ t\m°n Hcp adp-Nn-cn- Nn-cn®p:
HSp-hn-e-h≥ ]d™p: Rm≥ tXm‰p Fs‚
DΩm. \nß-f-dp-]Xv X∂m- a-Xn.
Adp-]Xp cq] sImSp-Øn´v DΩ tNmZn-®p:
tam\v ho´n-em-scm-s°-bp-≠v?
A—\pw AΩbpw sNdp-∏-Ønte acn-®p.
Imew Ipd-®mbn Cu ]Wn-bm. henb KpW-
sam-∂p-ap-≠m-bn-´-√. Pohn-°t≠?
A∏w \o aßew Ign-®nt√?
euam-tcy-Pm. Hmfv InkvXym-\n. Rm≥
lnµp. Hcp tamfv.
A∏w tamtf \o apkveo-am°n hf¿Ønbm-
aXn.
AsX-¥n\m DΩm?
\m´nev s\d®pw Pl-f-b-t√. sImg-∏w-≠m-
°m≥ s]mdØv∂v ]tXy-In®v Bsf Fd-
°-≠t√m.
Ah≥ Nncn-tbmSp Nncn.
103
A°-c-∏-® -tXSn
Bs´, tamƒ°v FX ]mbmbn?
hotSm¿a -bn¬ Ah≥ AKm-[ -ambn
]p©ncn®p:
Cu hcp∂ sNm∆ tamƒ°v Hcp hb p
sXI-bpw.
km[-\-߃ \nd® B henb k©n
tXmfn-enSpw apºv DΩ ]d™p:
\o Nmb IpSn®n´v t]mbm aXn, tamt\...
DΩ-bpsS hm’-ey-Øn\p ap∂n¬ Ah≥
Iog-S-ßn.
]ncn-bp-tºmƒ DΩ Ah\v \qdns‚ c≠p
t\m´p-Iƒ Npcp-´n-a-S°n \¬In: \ns‚
tamƒsS s]d-∂m-fn\v Fs‚ hI Hcp DSp∏v
hmßn-®p-sIm-Sv.
AXp hmßn Ah≥ \n∂ \n¬∏n¬
Ic™p.
DΩ Nncn®p:
\ns∂-t∏m-esØ BfvIfm Cu \mSv shS-
°m-°p-∂-Xv. th≠m-Ø-Xn\pw th≠-Xn\pw
Ic-™n´v. \o t]m. Hmtfw tamtfw Iq´n
Hcp-Zn-hkw hm.
Ab¬]-°sØ Icn-\m°v \_ok h∂-
t∏mƒ DΩ ]d-™p;
Rmºm-ßnb CkvXn-cy-´ns‚ h¿Øm\w
Adntbzm? Ccp-\q-‰-bvºXv Ddp-∏nI ]d™v
Hms\s∂ ]‰n-°m≥ t\m°n.
Rm≥ Adp-]-Xp-dp-∏n-I -sIm-SpØv Hms\
tXm∏n-®p. F‚-SØm Ifn?
FhnsS s]´n? ImW-s´.
AXp Rm≥ \n\°p ImWn-°q-em
\_okm. Fs¥-¶nepw ]d™v \obXp
tISm-°pw.
Icn-\m°v \_ok hcp-∂p-sh-∂-dn-™m¬,
Ah-cpsS \ng-e-\°w I≠m¬, DΩ HmSn-
t∏mbn tImgn-°p-™p-ßsf apgp-h≥ Iq´n-
\-I-Øm-°pw.
CsXms° DΩm-s‚ Hmtcm A‘
hnizmkam. Rm≥ ]d-bpw.
\n\-°-dn-bm-™n-´m. Icn-\m°pw ItÆdpw
sIm≠v Hcp ]mS-\p-`-hn-t®m-fm, Cu Rm≥.
s]s´∂v DΩ Hm¿a -I -fpsS IÆo¿
°bßfn¬ apßpw.
FtØ≠ ka-b-am -bn -´pw FØmØ
a°ƒ... tam¿®-dn-bn¬ \n∂p h∂-t∏mƒ
DΩ Icn-\m°v \_o-ksb ]mIp-I-bm-bn-
cp-∂p. A©p-t]cv H∂n®v Hmsf apºn¬
t]mbn s]S-cp-sX∂v FX-h´w ]d-™-Xm,
Rm≥... Hmsf IÆn¬ ]cp-¥m-Wv... s‚
dt∫, \osbs∂ sIm∂p-Xm.
B Ime-h¿j-Ønse t_m´-]-I-S-Øn¬
c≠p-a-°-fpsS arX-i-cocw amXsa Icbn-
e-Sp-Øp-≈q. aq∂m-a≥ Hcp Ic-bnepw
h∂n√.
F∂n´pw Icn-\m°v \_ok h∂-t∏mƒ
DΩ Nmb sImSp-Øp. h¿Øm\w ]d-™p.
F∂m¬ DΩ-bpsS tImgn-°p™p-ß-sf-
amXw Ah¿°p ImWn-®p-sIm-Sp-Øn√.
Icn-\m°v \_ok ho´n¬ h∂p aS-ßnb
Znhkw k‘y-bm -bm¬ DΩ a°-sf-
sbms° ]nSn-®n-cpØn D∏v, DW°apf-Iv,
ISpIv F∂nh Hcp IS-em-kn¬ Ingn-t]mse
sI´n Rß-fpsS Xebv°p apI-fn-eqsS h -
Øn¬ Dgn™v ASp-∏n-en-Spw. ASp-∏n¬
\n∂p ]S--]Sm s]m´p∂ i_vZw tI´v
]dbpw: I≠n-t√, Hmsf ItÆ-dns‚ ISp∏w.
Hcp Znhkw Icow F∂ Im¿s∏‰v I®-h-S-
°m-c≥ h∂p. Hcp Nph∂ Nhn-´n-sb-SpØp
hne tNmZn-®p DΩ.
\qdq-dp-∏nI.
H´pw Ipd-bnt√?
DΩ FX Xcpw?
Rms\mcp ap∏-Xp-dp-∏nI Xcpw. \o AXp-
sIm≠p I_q-em-°-Ww.
DΩsb Aº-c∏n®v Icow AXp hn‰p. Imiv
sImSp-°p-tºmƒ DΩ CSw-I-Æn v tNmZn®p:
\osbs∂ ]‰n-®n-√t√m?
]e In -Ifpw ]d-bp∂ Iq´-Øn¬ IY-I-
sfm-s°-sb-gp-Xp∂ Fs‚ hosS--hn-sS-bm-
sW∂p Icow At\z-jn-®p.
104
tIc-f-]m-Tm-hen ae-bmfw IX
DΩ ]d™p:
CsX∂ym hoSv. s‚ tam\m. ]t£, Hm\n∏w
Xr»q-cm.
Ico-an\v hniz-kn-°m-\m-bn-√.
I£os‚ IY-I-sfms° F\n°p hey
CjvSm-Wv. Rm≥ aq∏-cpsS Hcm-cm-[-I-\mWv.
A√m-lp-h-√msX Bcm-[-\-°¿l-\mbn
Bcp-an-√, tamt\.
tams‚ IY hmbn-°m-dnt√?
hmbn-°pw..-H∂pw a\- n-em-hq-e. \mep-hcn
hmbn-°pºw F\ns°m-d°w hcpw.
H∂pw a\- n-em-hnt√?
t^mt´m Hgn®v H∂pw a\- n-em-hqe.
t]∏-dnev aq∏-cpsS t^mt´m-shms°
ImWpºw DΩm°p kt¥mjw tXm∂qte?
C√. amX-a-√, Hms‚ Imcyw Cß-s\-bm-
bn-t∏m-bt√m Ft∂m¿Øv k¶Swhcpw.
AsX-¥m, Aßs\?
\mSvtI-fnbpw _oSv]-´n-Wn-bpw∂v tI´n-
´nt√? t^mt´m ImWn®m Acn Int´zm
tamt\.
aq∏-cpsS IYm-]p-kvXIw tImtf-Pn-sems°
Hcp-]mSv t]cv ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p-≠v.
Hcp sXßnev tIdm≥ IqSn Adn-bmØ Hm≥
C°≠ Ipt´ym-sf-sbms° F¥p ]Tn-∏n-
°m-\m, tamt\.. A√m-lp-Ø-Be F√m
B]-Øn¬ \n∂pw \Ω-sf-sb√mw ImØp-
c-£n-°p-am-dm-Is´!
Icow ho´n¬ \nXyk-µ¿i-I-\m-bn.
Xd-hm-´n¬ sN∂-t∏mƒ DΩ hnjm-Zn-®n-
cn∏m-Wv.
aqØ CØ hni-Zo-I-cn-®p:
]Øp]¥≠v tImgn-°p-™p-ß-fp-≠m-bn-
cp∂p. \mseÆw Im° -sIm-Øn-s°m-
t≠mbn, c≠ns\ ]cp¥pw dm©n. aqs∂-
Æ-Øns\ Iocn ]nSn-®p. C∂se CXm
Ahkm-\sØ tImgntbw Ipdp -°≥
]nSn®p. FX tImgnbm Cßs\ t]mb-Xv.
DΩm°v s\m m-Wv.
DΩ H∂pw ]d-bmsX, Pe-]m\w Ign-°m≥
Iq´-m°msX B cmXn-bn-ep-d-ßn. cmXn-
bn¬ Btcm-sSm-s°tbm kwkm-cn-®p.
tImgn-I-tfm-Sp≈ Cu `aw ImWp-tºmƒ
CSbv°p kwibw tXm∂pw. CØ ]d-bp-
∂-Xnepw Imcy-ap-t≠m-sb∂v. DΩbv°v
C®ncn s]mSn°v h´pt≠m? t\cnb
s\m v?
As√-¶n¬ F¥n-\mWo kmlkw?
A[zm\w?
hncn™ DS-s\-bp≈ tImgn-°p-™p-ß-fp-
ambn ]m≠n-Iƒ ae-bn--d -ßn. -ho´pap‰-
sØØn Hcp hnfn-bm-Wv. _mep-apØp
sN´n-bm¿ \S-Øp∂ ^man¬ hncn™
tImgn H∂n\p aq∂p-cq]. hn¬°p-tºmƒ
]Øv _lp-hn[ \nd߃ ]pc-´nb `wKn-
bp≈ tImgn-°p-™p-ßsf DΩ B¿Øn-
]n-Sn®p hmßn-°q- pw. ]ns∂ a°-sf-t∏mepw
th≠. Ccp-]-Øn-\mev aWn-°qdqw AXn-
t\mSv h¿Ø-am\w ]d™v AXns\ ]cn-
N-cn®v, AXns\ In∂-cn -®v , AXns\
t]cn´phnfn®v Znhkw Ign-°pw. DΩ-bpsS
kI-e-am-\ -i-≤-sb-bpw tXm¬∏n-®p-sIm≠v
BZyw Im°IfpsS, ]ns∂ Iocn-bpsS, HSp-
hn¬ Ipdp-°s‚ hmbn-te°v tImgn-Iƒ
Hs∂m-∂mbn HSp-ßpw.
Hcp Znhkw Ico-an-t\mSv DΩ Ft¥m cl-
ky-ambn tNmZn-®p.
Rm≥ t\m°-s´ DΩ, F∂p ]d™ Icow
ASpØ BgvN aqs∏-Ønb \mep tImgn-
°p-™p-ß-fp-ambn h∂p.
tImgnsb Im¿´¨s]-´n-bn¬ \n∂n-d-°nb
DS≥ DΩ ]d-™p: tøm, CXpw sajo≥
tImgn-bm-Wv.
AsX-ßs\ DΩm°p a\- n-embn?
F\n°p Xncnbpw. Cu Zp\n-bm-hn-t\mSp
apgp-h≥ Hcp ]p—-ap-≠m-hpw apJØv. X\n-
°-dn -bmØXmbn H∂p-an -s√∂p hnNm-
cn°pw. ]mhw. Ai-≤-amb IgpØp
105
A°-c-∏-® -tXSn
sh´n°epw \S°epw IpXn-°epw, Ftßm-
´mWp t]mtI-≠-sX-∂-dn-bn-√m!
c≠m-gvNsØ bmX Ign™p ho´n-se-Øn-
b-t∏mƒ tImgn-°p-™p-ß-fpsS bmsXm-c-
\-°-hp-an-√.
Rm≥ ]d-™n-t√, AXp sajo≥ tImgn-
bm-sW∂v, F√m-‰n-t\w Ipdp-°\pw Iocnbpw
sImt≠m-bn. \ns‚ Xr»q-cnev \√ \mS≥
tImgnsb In´q∂v sXßp-tI-dp∂ tXma-
kns‚ IqsS Hfnt®m-Sn-h∂ tdmkΩ ]d-
™p. Hmfv Xr»q-cn-em-W-t√m.
Imcyw ]nSn-In-´n.
Rm≥ tNmZn®p:
Ign™ XhW Xr»q-cnev ho´nev h∂-t∏m,
Ab¬]-°sØ hoSp-Ifv apgp-h≥ temlyw
]d™v Ib-dn-bn-d-ßn-b-Xns‚ Dt±iyw
CXmWv At√?
If-hp-ap-X¬ I≠p-]n-Sn-°-s∏´ Ip´n-sb-
t∏mse DΩ DS≥ Ip‰w kΩ-Xn-®p.
\ns‚ a°sf ImWm≥ sImXn-bm-hp∂p
F∂p DΩ CS-bv°nsS ]d-™-Xns‚
]n∂nepw thsd Dt±-iy-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.
Xriqcv ho´n¬ \n∂v Cd-ßpw-apºv DΩ
]d™p:
s‚ Iønev Hcp Im¿Uvt_m-Uns‚ s]´o≠v.
]t£-¶nev AXp \o FSp-°≠m?
Rms\-Sp-tØm-fm-˛
¥mWXv?
hmXnep ]nd-In¬ \n∂ `mcy B clkyw
Hfn-∏n°pw t]mse Nncn-b-a¿Øn.
\o tZjyw ]nSn-°cpXv. Hcp ]qh\pw Hcp
s]Sbpw. IdpØv e£-W-samØ \√
hmey-°m-cmb \mS≥tImgn-bm.
Xe-bn¬ ssIsh-°p-wt]mse Rm≥ \n∂p.
]Øn-cq -∂q-‰n -®n -√zm\w Intem-ao -‰ -dm.
_ n¬ t]mI-Ww. t]mcm-Ø-Xn\v Bh-
iy-Øn\p etK-Ppw.
Fs‚ apJw Nph-∂p-h-cp-∂Xp I≠t∏mƒ
DΩ Bh¿Øn-®p:
\o FSp-t°≠. Rm≥ ]nSn-t®m-fmw.
amk-Øn¬ c≠p-X-hW izmkw-ap´p h∂v
Bip-]Xo ]qhp∂ I£n-bm-Wv.
Rm≥ ]d-™p:
d∫m-tW, Rm\o tImgn-s∏´n sXmSq-em..
_ v In´m≥ Ht∂-Im¬ Intemao-‰¿
\S°Ww.
DΩ B sI´p-ambn \S-°p-∂-Xp -I-≠-t∏mƒ
D≈n-se-hn-sStbm Ip‰-t_m-[w.
Rm≥ ]d™p: B s]´n-bn-ßp-Xm.
aSn-®p-\n-∂ DΩ-bpsS ssIbn¬ \n∂p
tZjy-tØmsS _e-]q¿hw X´n-∏-dn-°p-
tºmse s]´n- hm-ßn.AXns‚ BLm-X-
Øn¬ s]´n De-™Xpw AI-Øn-cp∂
tImgn-Iƒ c≠pw Ie-]ne Iq´m≥ XpS-ßn.
F¥p-sN-ø-W-sa-∂-dn-bmsX s]´n De-
bmsX, kq£n®v Rm\-Xp-ambn _tÃm-
∏n¬ \n¬°p-tºmƒ DΩ B \m´n≥]p-d-
amsI ]pXp-Xmbn ImWp-∂-t]mse Np‰p-
]mSpw t\m°p-∂-Xmbn `mhn-®p.
\K-c-Ønse _tÃm-∏n¬ Rßsf-Øn-
bXpw Fßp-\n-s∂-∂n-√msX Hcp Su¨
Sp Su¨ _kv CSn-s®-Øn.
_ n¬ G‰hpw ]nd-In¬ c≠p ko‰p-Iƒ
amXw. AXn¬ sRcp-ßn-bn-cn-°p-tºmƒ
ko‰n-\-Sn-bn¬ sh® tImgnsb AS°w
sNbvX s]´n-bn-em-bn-cp-∂p. Nn¥ apgp-h≥.
h≠n Nß-cw-Ip-f-Øn\p sXm´p-ap-ºp≈ Hcp
henb lw_n¬ Ib-dn-bXpw _ ns‚
]n≥ko-‰n¬ R߃ Xp≈n-sb-gp-t∂-‰p-
t]mbn. s]´n-°p-≈nse tImgn°v kI-e-
\n-b-¥-W-ßfpw sX‰n. Ah `b-s∏´v H®-
bn-´p. sIm°-s°m-°-s°m-°-t°m..........
i_vZw tI´v _ n-ep≈hscms° H‰-
bSn°v ]n¥n-cn™pt\m°n. Rm≥ ]cp-ßn.
Su¨ Sp SuWns‚ IpXn-®p-]m-b-en¬
Hmtcm lw_nepw Ipgn-bnepw _ ns‚
]n≥ko‰v Xp≈n-®m-Sn. tImgn sIm°-c-bn´p.
At∏m-sfms° Dd-°-Ønepw temI-Im-cy-
ß-fnepw apgp-Inb bmX-°m¿ s]mSp-∂t\
106
tIc-f-]m-Tm-hen ae-bmfw IX
AXp \n¿Øn i_vZ-Øns‚ Dd-hn-S-a-t\z-
jn®v H∂n®p Xe-Xn-cn-®p. CS-bvs°m-cmƒ
]d-bp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
GtXm AÆm-®n-am-cmWv Ah-sc-s°m-
≠p≈ ieyw kln-°-h-øm-Xm-bn-cn-°p-∂p.
tZjyw ISn-®-a¿Øn. GXp \nan-jhpw ]nSn-
°-s∏-Sm-hp∂ Hcp ]Xn-bmWp Rm≥.
ko‰n¬ t\cmw-hn[w Aa¿∂n-cn-°m≥ IqSn
Ign-bp-∂n-√. Cu \nebv°p t]mbm¬ Fs‚
]i-kvXnbpw A`n-am-\hpw F¥mhpw?
tZjy-`mhw I≠v DΩ CSbv°v Fs‚
FXn¿Zn-i-bn-te°v Xe-Xn-cn®v Hfn-I-Æn´p
Nncn-b-S-°n.
Nß-cw-Ip-f-sØ-Øn-b-tXmsS ap∂n¬ Hcp
ko‰v Imen-bm-bn. Rm≥ DΩ-tbmSv BwKyw
Im´n: AhnsS t]mbn Ccp-t∂m. \Sp-hn\p
kpJ-an-√m-Ø-Xt√?
DΩ B ko‰n-te°p ]m™p-t]m-bn-cn-°p-
Ibpw Hcp KqV-a-µ-lmkw F\n°p t\sc
Fdn-bp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
\n¿`mKyw Fs‚ IqS-∏n-d-∏v, Nß-cw-Ip-fØp
\n∂p Ib-dn-b-h-cn¬ Hcmƒ Fs‚ sXm´-
SpØ ko‰n¬ h∂n-cp-∂p. Hcp Bf-temsS
Rm≥ Xncn-®-dn-™p-˛-]-cn-N-b-°m-c-\m-Wv.
bqWn-th-gvkn-‰n-bn¬ Kth-jW hnZym¿Yn-
bm-Wn-t∏mƒ. hnjbw: ]mIrXm\-¥c
kzXzw ae-bmf `qan-I-bn¬.
tUmIvS -td‰ v hnZym¿Yn Bb-tXmsS
At±lw Xs‚ C≥sskUv sNbvX Ip∏m-
bhpw ]m‚ vkp-sams° Ab¬]-°sØ
]mh-s∏´ Hcp IpSpw -_-Øn\p Zm\w
sNbvXp. Ct∏mƒ ]cp-°≥ Pp∫-bnepw
ap≠n-ep-am-Wv.
Fs∂ Xncn -® -dn -bm -Xn -cn -°-t´ --sb∂p
]m¿Yn®v apJw sh´n-®n-cp-∂p. Aßs\
kw`-hn-®m¬ Fs‚ ]i-kvXn, A`n-am\w
Ch-sbms° Iptd-°qSn
Kpcp-X-cm-h-ÿ-bn-em-hpw.
kXy -Øn¬ F\n°pw
At±-l-Øn\panS-bn¬ Cu
\in® tImgn-bn-√m-bn-cp-
s∂-¶n¬ FX \∂m-tb-
s\... ae-bmf kmln-Xy-
sØ-°p-dn®v Fs¥√mw
kwkm-cn-°m-\n-cn-°p-∂p.
_kv tImgn-t°m-s´-Øp-∂-
X-dn-bn-√.
\n¿`mKyw Fs‚ IqS-∏n-d∏v
F∂v ]d-™-t√m. AXp-
Xs∂ ho≠pw kw`-hn -
°p∂p:
At±lw Fs∂ Xncn-®-
dn™pIgn™p!
Abmƒ hnkva-b-tØmsS
hnfn®p:
ltem!...
Rm≥ hnjm-Zm-fl-I-ambn
Nncn-®p.
107
A°-c-∏-® -tXSn
kpJ-at√?
kpJw Xs∂-bm-Wv. (Cu tImgn C√m-bn-
cp-s∂-¶n¬!)
Cubn-sS-bmbn Fgp-sØm∂p Ipdt™m?
Rm≥ ]d™p:
Hcp t\mh¬ sNøp-I-bm-Wv.
shcn-KpUv! t\mhen\msW-¶n¬ Ct∏mƒ
henb £ma-hp-am-W-t√m. AXm-hpºw Hcp
Znhkw ]Øp-ap-∏Xp t]Pv sh®v Fgp-Xm-
at√m. \√ BtcmKyw thWw, At√?
Rm≥ aqfn.
kZm ]k-∂-h-Z-\-\mbn \n¬°m-dp≈
Fs‚ `mh-am‰w I≠v At±lw kwi-b-
tØmsS ho≠pw tNmZn-°p∂p:
F¥p-]‰n? kpJw Xs∂-bt√?
Rm≥ Xe-bm-´n. ]ns∂ kzIm-cy-ambn
IrjvW-aWn Xmtg°p \o°n-˛-tImgn! ]S-
t®m -t\, Fs‚ kmlnXy]h¿Ø-\-
߃°v Fs¥-√mw -hn[ XS - -߃!
N¿®bpw Hcp ]h¿Ø-\-am-W-t√m.
kwi-bn-®-Xp-Xs∂ kw -hn-®p. FS-∏m-fn-se-
Øp-∂-Xn\p apºp≈ lw_p-I-fn¬ h®v
tImgn Ae-ap-d-bn´p sIm°-cn-®p.
ssZh-ta, Hmtcm lw_pw Cßs\ Fs‚
A`n-am-\-Øns‚ s\©n-em-Wt√m h∂n-Sn-
°p-∂Xv.
At∏m-sgms° Kth-jWhnZym¿Yn-bmb
B NßmXn sR´n-Ø-cn®v ko‰n-\-Sn-bn-
te°p Hcp ]nSp-Øhpw In´mØ a´n¬
Ip\n-™p-t\m-°n. tlm, Cu AÆm-®n-I-
sf-s°m-≠p≈ ieyw Nn√-d-b-√. IÆp-sX-
‰n-bm¬ tamj-Ww, ]nSn-®p-]-dn, CXm CXn-
t∏mƒ tImgn-bpw. ap≥ko-‰n-se-hn-sS-sb-
¶nepw kpJn-®n-cn-°p-∂p-≠m-hpw. s]s´∂v
At±-l-Øn\p ae-bmfkmln-Xy-Øns‚
C∂sØ ]cn-Xm-]-I-c-amb Ah-ÿ-sb-
∏‰n Hm¿a-h-cn -Ibpw kw`m-jWw B
hgn°p Xncn-bp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
]Øn-cp-∂qdv Intem-ao-‰-dnse bmXbv°p
tijw £oW-tØmsS ho´n-se-Øn. Rm≥
Bizm-k-]q¿hw DΩ-tbmSp tNmZn-®p:
F¥ns‚ s\m mWp \n߃°v? Cu
\m´n¬ tImgn-bn-√m-™n-´mtWm?
Hcp-]mSv shj-an®p At√? \o tZjy-s∏-
tS≠. ChnsS Fhn -sSbpw sajo≥
tImgnbm tamt\, \mS≥tImgnt° iXp-
hns\ I≠m¬ a\- n-em-hq.
F∂n´v Im¿´¨ s]´n-bpsS sI´-gn®v
tImgnsb c≠n-s\bpw ]pd-sØ-Sp-Øp.
hm’-ey-]q¿hw AXns\ Xte-mSn. ]n™m-
W-Ønse sh≈-Øn-te°v AXns‚
sIm°n-s\-b-Sp-∏n-®p. B¿Øn-tbmsS AXp
tImcn-°p-Sn-®p.
DΩ A`n-am-\-tØmsS B henb kz]v\w
]d™p:
Rm\o c≠p tImgn-Ifn¬ \n∂p ]Øn-cp-
]-Ø-s©-Æ-Øns\ hncn-bn-®p-≠m-°pw.
Im´n¬ \n∂p Ipdp-°s‚ A\°w tIƒ°p-
tºmƒ sIm°-cn®v sIm°-cn®v Cu
\mSns\ H∂msI DW¿Øpw. sajo≥
tImgn°v ImWm-\p≈ `wKntb D≈q.
\mS≥tImgn Aß-s\-b-√. AXv AS-bn-cn-
°ptºmƒ AXns‚ Ip™p-߃°v
Fs¥√mw ]d-™p-sIm-Sp-°p-∂p-s≠-∂mWv
\ns‚ hnNmcw?
s]s´∂v DΩ GtXm Hm¿a -bn¬
kvXw`n®p\n∂p. kµ¿ -Øn\v H´pw tbmPn-
°m-Ø-hn-[w, Ft¥m ad∂p \jvS-s∏-´-Xp-
t]m-se, Ah¿ Hscm‰ s]m´n-°-c-®n¬.
"d∫p¬ Be-ao-\mb Xºp-cm-t\, s‚ a°sf
Rm≥ \o¥ev ]Tn-∏n-®n-√-t√m.'
108
tIc-f-]m-Tm-hen ae-bmfw IX
$ "\mSvtIfnbpw _oSv]´n-Wnbpw' ˛ Cu sNm√v \¬Ip∂ Bi-b-sa-¥mWv? CXp-t]m-
ep≈ sNm√p-Iƒ Is≠-Øp-I.
$ "sNdn-b -a\p-jycpw henb tem-Ihpw' F∂ Im¿´q¨]c-º-c- I-≠-t√m. AXp-t]mse
Cu IY-bn¬ Im¿´q-Wp-I-fm°n Ah-X-cn-∏n-°m-hp∂ kµ¿`-߃ Is≠-ØpI. Ah-
bn¬ H∂v Im¿´q-Wmbn cNn-°p-I.
$ ""F\n-°p- Xn-cn-bpw. Cu Zp\n-bm-hn-t\mSp apgph≥ Hcp ]p—-ap-≠mhpw apJ-Øv. X\n-
°-dn-bm-Ø-Xmbn H∂p-an-s√∂p hnNm-cn-°pw. ]mhw Ai-≤-amb IgpØp sh´n-°epw
\S-°epw IpXn-°epw. Ftßm-´mWv t]mtI-≠-sX-∂-dn-bn√m!''
""Rm\o c≠p tImgn-I-fn¬ \n∂v ]Øn-cp-]-Ø-s©-Æ-Øns\ hncn-bn-®p-≠m-°pw.
Im´n¬ \n∂v Ipdp-°s‚ A\°w tIƒ°p-tºmƒ sIm°-cn®v sIm°-cn®v Cu \mSns\
H∂msI DW¿Øpw. sajo≥tImgn°v ImWm\p≈ wKntb D≈q. \mS≥tImgn Aß-
s\-b-√. AXv AS-bn-cn-°p-tºmƒ AXns‚ Ip™p-߃°v Fs¥√mw ]d™psImSp-
°p-∂p-s≠-∂mWv \ns‚ hnNmcw?''
anjy≥tImgn-sbbpw \mS≥tImgn-sbbpw Xmc-Xayw sNbvXp-sIm≠v DΩ \S-Øp∂
A`n-]mb]I-S-\-ß-fn¬ Fs¥ms° A¿Y-kq-N-\-Iƒ Is≠-Øm-\mhpw?
A£bw ˛ £bn-°mØ
A£cw ˛ £c-a√m-Ø, \mi-an-√mØ
A·n-tlm-X-Krlw ˛ A·n-tlmXw F∂ bmKw sNøp∂ ÿew
AShn ˛ ImSv
ASp-Øq¨ ˛ s]≥j≥
AÆm®n ˛ AÆ≥, tP-y-jvT≥
AXn-hmZw ˛ AXn-cp-I-S-∂ -hmZw
A[n-hmkw ˛ ]m¿∏v, Xmakw
AXn-kz-ÿ≥ ˛ Ne-\-a-‰-h≥ (acW-Øns‚ kqN-\)
AZayw ˛ Zaw sNøm-\m-hm-Ø, AS-°m-\m-hmØ
AZr-jvS-]q¿hw ˛ apºv I≠n- n-√m-ØXv
A[co-I-cn-°pI ˛ Xmsg-bm-°p-I, Iogvs∏-Sp-ØpI
A[ÿnX≥ ˛ Iogm-f≥, Xmtg-°n-S-bn-ep-≈-h≥ (A[x+ÿnX≥)
A\-¥-c-h≥ ˛ A\-¥c + A≥. Imc-W-h-cpsS ]ndsI htc-≠-h≥ F∂ A¿Y-
Øn¬ ]tbm-Kw. acp-a-°-Øm-b-Øn¬ B Ah-Imiw acpa-I-
\m-bXp sIm≠v i_vZ-Øn\v acp-a-I≥ F∂¿Y-am-bn.
A\-¥-]-Y-߃ ˛ Ah-km-\-an-√mØ hgn-Iƒ (A≥ + A¥w), ]Yw hgn
A\m-cyw ˛ Bcy-a-√m-Ø-Xv, tijvT-a-√m-ØXv
A\n-hm-c-yX ˛ \nhm-cWw sNøm-\m-hm-Ø, Hgn-hm-°m-\m-hmØ Ahÿ
A\p-aXn ˛ kΩXw
A¥y-P≥ ˛ PmXn-ti-Wn-bpsS A¥y-Øn¬ (Xmtg-∏-Sn-bn¬) P\n-®-h≥
A]-Xyw ˛ k¥Xn
A]X] ˛ \mWw sI´, X] e÷
A]-Y-k-©mcw ˛ Acp-XmØ hgn-bnse bmX
A`w-Kpcw ˛ \mi-an-√m-ØXv
Aºn-fn-∏q-hS ˛ AS-bpsS Acp-a-Øhpw cpNnbpw F√mw kqNn-∏n-°p∂
]tbmKw (]q + AS = ]qhS)
Acn ˛ iXp (s\√-cn, [m\y-a-Wn)
A¿[-au\n ˛ Aev]w amXw kwkm-cn-°p-∂-h≥
A√m-lp-Ø-Be ˛ D∂-X-\mb ssZhw
Ah-am-\\ ˛ Ah-am-\n-°¬
Ahy-Xybw ˛ hyXybw IqSmsX, t`Zw IqSmsX
Akm-∂n[yw ˛ ASpØv C√m-Xn-cn-°¬ (x km∂n[yw)
AwK-kv\m\w ˛ \akvIm-c-Øn\p apºv AwK-߃ hrØn-bm-°¬
BI¿Wy ˛ tI´n v
Bfl-KXw ˛ Ah-\-h-t\mSp Xs∂bp≈ ]d-b¬, Ah-\-h-\n-te°p
Xs∂ Kan-°p-∂Xv
B\-\w ˛ apJw
B\-µmip ˛ B\-µ-w sIm≠p≈ Aip (Aip˛IÆo¿)
Bb-k-b¥w ˛ Ab- p-sIm-≠p≈ b¥w (Ab v Ccpºv)
Bc-‡-t\-X≥ ˛ Nph∂p XpSpØ ItÆm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h≥
Bc-W≥ ˛ _m“-W≥
Bc-y-]p-X≥ ˛ BZ-c-kq-N-I-amb kwt_m-[-\, ¿Ømhv, tijvT≥
Bcy-amhv ˛ kqcy≥
B¿Z≥ ˛ Aen-hp-≈-h≥
]Z-]-cn-Nbw
tIc-f-]m-Tm-hen ae-bmfw IX
110
Bin v ˛ Biwk
Bk‡n ˛ B-Klw
Blhw ˛ bp≤w
Cw]n-am-Øq¿ ˛ A[n-Im-c-ÿm-\-Øp\n-∂p≈ HutZym-KnI-amb AwKo-Imcw,
]utcm-ln-Xy-Øns‚ AwKo-Imcw
C∞w ˛ C]-Imcw
Cl-temIw ˛ Cu temIw (x ]c-tem-Iw)
Cf ˛ `qan, aÆv
Cu¿jy ˛ tIm]w, A\ys‚ Db¿®-bn¬ D≠m-Ip∂ Ak-lyX
DK-im-k\w ˛ ISpØ Iev]\
D®m-h-N-߃ ˛ Db¿∂Xpw Xmgv∂Xpw (D® + AhN. D® ˛ Db¿∂, AhN ˛
Xm-gv∂)
DS-bmS ˛ DSp-hkvXw
DØ-a-t«m-I≥ ˛ ]pW-y-t«m-I≥, ]pWy-N-cn-X≥ (ChnsS io-Ir-jvW≥) t«mIw
˛ bi v
DZ-K-]mWn ˛ BI-a-W-Im-cn, ssI Db¿Øn \n¬°p-∂-h≥ (DZKw Db¿∂
AK-tØm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b (DXv + AKw)
DtZ-ym-KÿtiWn ˛ DtZ-ym-Kÿhrµw (tiWn Iq´w, tiWn > GWn)
D∑q-e\w sNøpI ˛ thtcmsS ]ngp-Xp-I-f-bpI
D]-Pm]w ˛ GjWn, KqVm-tem-N\
D¬]-XnjvWp ˛ tatem- p-Nm-Sm≥ tamln-°p-∂-h≥, ]ptcm-K-a-\-hmZn
(x bmYm-ÿn-Xn-I≥)
D¬_p-≤X ˛ DW¿hv
Dg‰v ˛ Dg-d¬, XnSp°w
FXn¿[phw ˛ FXn¿∏ns‚ Atß-b‰w, hn]-coX [phw
FØn-s∏-SpI ˛ kwK-Xn-h-im¬ FØnt®-cpI. "s]SpI' F∂ A\p-]-tbmKw
sIm≠p-≠m-hp∂ Cu A¿Y-t`Zw i≤n°pI.
Hm≥ ˛ Ah≥ (]mtZ-inI ]tbmKw) (AImcsØ XpS¿∂v hImcw
h∂m¬ IqSn-t®¿∂v Hm F∂v ]d-bp-∂p)
IWw ˛ Xp≈n
I_q-em-°pI ˛ kzoI-cn-°pI
I≠-hmdv ˛ I≠-t∏mƒ (]mNo-\-]-tbm-Kw; I≠mtd F∂v ]mtZinI
]tbmKhpap≠v).
Imem-Xn-h¿Øn ˛ ImesØ AXn-h¿Øn-°p-∂Xv, AXn-h¿Øn-°pI ˛ IS∂p
\n¬°pI
Iep-jnXw ˛ Ie-ßn-bXv
Idºn ˛ Idp-Ø-hƒ (x shfpºn) (Fep-ºn, sImepºn, Ipdpºn F∂n-
ß-s\-bp≈ ]tbm-K-ßfpw i≤n-°p-I)
In ˛ IY, \m´p-h¿Ø-am\w
IpXn-c-∏-h≥ ˛ IpXn-c-bpsS Nn”-ap≈ Hcp ]h≥, kz¿W\mWbw
IpWvTnXw ˛ Zp:Jw, hnjaw
Ipi-kqNn ˛ Z¿ -∏p-√ns‚ ap\
Ipd-®okw ˛ Ipd®p Znhkw (\mS≥ ]tbm-Kw)
sImSpw-Xm]w ˛ sImSn-b -Xm-]w, hen-b -NqSv, henb ZpxJw
tIm∏n-cm´n ˛ tImam-fnØw
t£tXm]Pohn-Iƒ ˛ t£XsØ Bi-bn®p Pohn-°p-∂-h¿
Iucyw ˛ IqcX
KWw ˛ Iq´w
Kfw ˛ Igp-Øv, sXm≠
]Z-]-cn -Nbw
111
Km¿lnIØ¿°w ˛ IpSpw_hg°v
KptWm-Zm-c≥ ˛ KpWw sIm≠v DZm-c-\m-b-h≥
Kpcp-Xcw ˛ IqSp-X¬ Kuc-h-ap-≈Xv
(Kpcp>Kpcp-X-cw>Kpcp-X-aw˛ AXn-im-b-\-cq-]-߃)
Krl-—nZw ˛ ho´p-h-g°v
LrW ˛ Imcp-W-yw, Zb
tLmjn-°pI ˛ Dd-s°-∏-d-bpI
LmtW-µn-bm-cm-a¿ ˛ kpK‘w amXw ]cn-K-Wn-°p-∂-h¿ (aq-°ns\ kt¥m-jn-∏n-°p-
∂-h¿)
N©-e-Nn-Ø-≥ ˛ Cf-Inb a\-t mSp IqSn-b-h≥
Na-bn-°pI ˛ Ae-¶-cn-°pI
Nc-W-s®-©mdv ˛ Imen¬ AWn-bp∂ Nph∂ \nd-°q v; NcW + sN©mdv
Ncm-Ncw ˛ Nc-ßfpw AN-c-ßfpw (Ne-\-ap-≈Xpw C√m-Ø-Xpw)
NmIn-I-N-e\w ˛ NI-cq-]-Øn-ep≈ Ne\w
NmSpI ˛ hen-s®-dn-bpI (]m-tZ-inI ]tbm-Kw)
Np‰p-h´w ˛ ]cn-kcw
NqXw ˛ tX∑mhv
Nqsg ˛ Np‰pw
sNSn-°pI ˛ aSp-°pI
tNX\ ˛ Bflm-hv, Poh≥
tNme-acw ˛ XW¬hr£w
QSnXn ˛ s]s´∂v (QSv + CXn)
Pe-tkIw ˛ sh≈w \\-bv°¬
PmXn ˛ ]n®Iw
Pmam-Xmhv ˛ aI-fpsS ¿Ømhv
Pmew ˛ Iq´w
PmkvXn ˛ IqSp-X¬
⁄mXn-Iƒ ˛ _-‘p-°ƒ (A—≥ hgn-bp-≈)
tPym-’v\ ˛ Nµn-I, \nemhv
XÆo¿ ˛ XWpØ sh≈w (X¨ + \o¿)
X◊ ]q≠p ˛ ac-hn®p (X-WpØ Ah-ÿ-bn-se-Øn)
X∑p-∂¬ ˛ Xs‚ ap∂n¬ (ap-∂¬ ]mNo\]tbm-Kw)
XmX-I-mi-y-]≥ ˛ ]nXr-Xp-e-y-\mb Imiy-]≥ (Imiy-]≥ IWz≥)
XmX≥ ˛ ]nXmhv
Xm¥≥ ˛ £oWn-X≥
Xnc-kvI-cn-°pI ˛ X≈n-°-f-bpI
Xncnbpw ˛ a\- n-em-hpw (]mtZ-inI ]tbm-Kw)
ZØp-]p-X≥ ˛ ZsØ-SpØ aI≥, ]q¿h-_-‘-ß-fp-t]-£n®v ]pXp-Xmbn Ah-
Im-i-ta-‰-bmƒ
Zim-¥tc ˛ Ah-k-c-Øn¬, ka-bØv
Zn°m-em-Xn-h¿Øn ˛ Zn°n-s\bpw Ime-sØbpw AXn-h¿Øn-°p-∂Xv -(AXnh¿Øn-
°p-I˛IS∂p\n¬°p-I)
Znhm-I-c≥ ˛ kqc-y≥, Zn\-I-c≥, BZn-X-y≥, Bc-y-amhv, khn-Xmhv
Zo\w ˛ tcmKw
Zp\n-bmhv ˛ temIw
Zpc-[n-Imc]aØX ˛ A[n-Im-c-∏p-f∏v, Zpx+A[n-Imcw˛ Zpc[nImcw
Zpcm¿Pn-X-hnØw ˛ NoØ hgn-bn-eqsS t\Snb [\w (Zpx+B¿PnX+ hnØw)
ZrjvSm¥w ˛ DZm-l-cWw
tIc-f-]m-Tm-hen ae-bmfw IX
112
ssZ\yw ˛ Zo\-X, h√m-bva, (Zo\-X, ssZ\yw F∂nh \ma-cq-]-߃. ssZ\yX
F∂Xv sX‰mb ]tbmK-amWv PmfyX, ]m[m-\yX apX-em-b-
h-sb-t∏mse)
tZym-Xn-∏n-°pI ˛ ]Im-in-∏n-°p-I, ImWn-°pI
ss[j-WnIw ˛ [nj-W-bp-ambn _‘-s∏- Xv, [njW _p≤n
\Kmc ˛ ap≥Im-e-ß-fn¬ apkvenw ]≈n-I-fn¬ \a-kvImckabw
Adnbn°m≥ D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cp∂ hmZyw
\anXw ˛ \a-am-°-s∏- -Xv, Ip\n-™Xv
\h-am-enI ˛ ]pXp-Xmbn ]qØ ap√
\nµ-\obw ˛ \nµn-°-s∏-tS-≠Xv, \nµn-°Ø°-Xv (x hµ-\o-bw)
\na-·≥ ˛ apgp-In-b-h≥
\na-¥n-°pI ˛ ]Xp-s°-∏-d-bpI
\nZ¿i\w ˛ sXfn-hv, DZm-l-cWw
\n¿Lr-W≥ ˛ LrW C√m-Ø-h≥ (Zb C√m-Ø-h≥)
\n¿±¥w ˛ Z¥-an-√m-Ø, ]√n-√mØ
\n¿∂n-ta-j-ambv ˛ Ca-sh- msX
\ninXw ˛ aq¿®-tb-dn-bXv
\n›n-¥≥ ˛ bmsXmcp Nn¥-bp-an-√m-Ø-h≥
\njvIrjvSw ˛ \njvI¿j-tbmSp IqSn-bXv, IrX-y-ambn
\nk-z¿ ˛ H∂p-an-√m-Ø-h¿, (kzw˛kzØv, DZm: tZh-kzw˛tZhs‚ kzØv)
\n w-K≥ ˛ H∂nepw ]tX-yI Xm¬]-c-y-an-√m-Ø-h≥
\oc-k-°d ˛ \oc-kw-sIm≠p apJ-Øp-≠m-Ip∂ mhhy-X-ymkw
s\m v ˛ sNdnb tXmXn-ep≈ `m¥v
]Sp-X-c-tIm-In-e-IqPn-X-߃
˛ anSp-°p-Iq-Snb Ipbn-ep-I-fpsS Iqh-ep-Iƒ. ]Sp ˛ ka¿Yw.
]Sp>]Sp-X-cw>]Sp-Xaw- AXn-imb\cq]-߃
] -a-ln-jo-ÿm\w ˛ cmPm-hns‚ ][m\ ]Xv\n F∂ ÿm\w
]¿W-im-emt¥ ˛ ]¿W-im-e-bpsS AIØv
]¿W-ime ˛ al¿jn-am-cpsS ]pc, DS-Pw, XrW-]¿Wm-Zn-I-fm¬ \n¿an-X-amb
ime
]Xn-°pI ˛ hogpI
]Xn-tKlw ˛ ]Xn-bpsS tKlw, ¿ØrKrlw
]bxIW-߃ ˛ \o¿Øp-≈n-Iƒ, Pe-I-Wn-I-Iƒ (]b v Pew)
]c-tImSn ˛ ]ca-Im-jvT, G‰hpw Db¿∂ ÿm\w
]-c-y-th-£Ww ˛ Is≠-Øm-\p≈ k©mcw
]√hw ˛ Xfncv
]√-h-Kmln ˛ ]√-hw -K-ln-°p-∂-h≥, Xfncv FSp-°p-∂-h≥ F∂¿Yw
(ssien) Ffp-∏-ap-≈-Xp- amXw kzoI-cn-°p-∂-h≥, Bg-Øn-
te°p t]mIm-Ø-h≥
]hnXw ˛ ]cn-ip≤w
]≈ ˛ hb-dv, Ip∂ns‚ ]m¿izw
]Z-hn-\ym-k-P-[z\n ˛ ]Z-hn-\ym-k-Øn¬ \n∂v P\n-°p∂ [z\n, Im¬sh-∏n¬ \n∂v
D≠m-hp∂ i_vZw
]m≠n ˛ ]m≠n-\m- n¬ \n∂p-≈-h≥, Xan-gv\m- p-Im-c≥
]mcw ˛ Gsd
]mh-I≥ ˛ A·n
]n_-tc-cm-a-ckw ˛ A√tbm kplrtØ cma-ckw IpSn°q (I¿Wm-SIkwKo-X-
Ønse Hcp Io¿Ø\w)
]obqjw ˛ AarXw
]Z-]-cn -Nbw
113
]pSh ˛ hkvXw
]pd-ºmfn ˛ ]pd+]mfn = ]pd-∏mfn (AI-∏mfn t]mse) CSbv°v A\p-kzmcw
h∂v ]pd-ºmfnbmbn, aeºpg t]mse, ]pfn-¶pcp t]mse
]pXo-hn-tbm-K-hyY ˛ aIsf th¿]n-cn-bp-tºm-gp≈ Zp:Jw
]qIpI ˛ ]th-in-°pI
]qcn-°pI ˛ h¿[n-°pI, \nd-bv°pI
]q¿hm-]-c-ssh-cp-[yw ˛ ]q¿hhpw A]-chpw XΩn-ep≈ s]mcp-Ø-t°Sv
]q¿hn-I¿ ˛ ]≠p-≈-h¿ "]q¿hw' F∂ i_vZ-Øn¬ \n∂v D≠m-hp-∂Xv
]rjvT- qan ˛ ]n∂m-ºp-dw, ]n≥\new. ImbvI\n°rjn°pw a‰p-ambn sXfn-s®-
SpØ `qan°p ]ndsI Ah-K-Wn°s∏´pInS-°p∂ `q`m-Kw.
(NnX-Øn\p angnhp tN¿°m≥ \nd-t -Z-ap≈ ]›m-Øew Bh-
iy-am-W-t√m).
]r∞zo-h-c≥ ˛ cmPmhv
]r∞zn ˛ `qan, ]rYzn
s]øp-∂ntX ˛ s]øp-I-Xs∂ sNøp∂p (s]øp∂p+CXv+G). s]øp∂p F∂
A¿Y-Øn¬ s]øp-∂nXp F∂ ]tbmKw Ihn-X-bn¬ km[m-c-
W-amWv. "G' ]tXyIw Du∂¬ \¬Ip-∂p. DZm: Aht\ AXp
sNøq.
s]mgpXv ˛ kabw
t]ma-fhv ˛ t]mIp∂ ka-bØv (t]mw+Af-hv)
]tLm-jWw ˛ D®Øn¬ ]d-b¬
]£p_v[w ˛ Cf-In-a-dn-bp-∂Xv, ]I¿tj-W -t£m- n-°p-∂Xv
]—∂w ˛ kzcq]w ad-®p-h-®
]tZ-ymXn®p ˛ \√ t]mse ]Im-in®p
]a-ØX ˛ aØv, Al-¶mcw
]W-bm-Ip-e≥ ˛ ]Wb]c-h-i≥
] -h-ÿm\w ˛ D¤-hÿm\w
]`mhw ˛ i‡n, X]-»‡n
]amZw ˛ sX‰v
]h-ln-°pI ˛ Hgp-IpI
]hmlw ˛ Hgp°v
]mIrX`qan-bmƒ ˛ ]mIr-X-bmb `qan ("Bƒ' F∂ kvXoenwK]Xybw tN¿Øv
`qan-bpsS kvXoXzw Dd-∏n-°p-∂p. `qansb AΩ-bmbn I¬∏n-
°p-I-bm-W-t√m).
]mIrXw ˛ sh´n-sh-Sp-∏m-°m-Ø-Xv (Aß-s\-bp-≈n-S-Øm-hp-at√m ]mhw
Xpº apf®p\n¬°p-I)
]m¥w ˛ AXn¿Øn
_em¬ ˛ _e-tØmsS (hn[n_ew)
_mWw ˛ Aºv
`¿Ør-Krlw ˛ `¿Øm-hns‚ hoSv
`mh-]m-c-h-iyw ˛ `mhw-sIm-≠p≈ h√mbva (`mhw hnImcw)
`oIcw ˛ `bw D≠m-°p-∂Xv
`b-N-In-X¿ ˛ `bw sIm≠p hnd-®-h¿
`oXnP\Iw ˛ t]Sn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xv, bw P\n-∏n-°p-∂Xv
`uXnIw ˛ `qX-tØmSv/hkvXp-hn-t\mSv _‘-s∏-´-Xv. sFln-Iw, euInIw
F∂ A¿Y-Ønepw D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂p (ChnsS "C' Zo¿Ln-t°-
≠-Xn-√.) (x Bflobw ChnsS "Cu' F∂p Zo¿Lw thWw)
`qXn ˛ sFi-z-cyw
`qj ˛ B -c-Ww, Ae-¶mcw
tIc-f-]m-Tm-hen ae-bmfw IX
114
aKvcn_vv ˛ AkvXab ka-bsØ \a-kvIm-c-w, AkvX-abw, ]Sn-™mdv
aXm-fl-IX ˛ aXw Ie¿∂ `mhw (`mhm-fl-I-X, Km\m-fl-IX apX-em-bh
t]mse)
aØ¿ ˛ aØp]nSn-®-h¿, el-cn-]n-Sn-®-h¿
aY\w ˛ aYn-°¬, Cf-°n-a-dn-°¬
aßew ˛ awK-ew, hnhmlw (]mtZ-inI ]Zw)
a\-kvXm]w ˛ at\mZpxJw (a\x + Xm]w. Xm]w ZpxJw)
aZobw ˛ Ft‚Xv
a\\w ˛ Nn¥n-°¬
at\m⁄w ˛ at\m-lcw
aµ≥ ˛ ]Xp-s°-bm-b-h≥ Imcy-߃ a\- n-em-°p-∂-Xn¬ Ignhp Ipd-
™-h≥. a¥≥ F∂p XZv hw
aµntXm-’m-l≥ ˛ aµn-X-amb D’m-l-tØmSp IqSn-b-h≥, D’mlw Ipd-™-h≥
acym-Z-cm-a≥ ˛ B¿°pw Ip‰-sam∂pw ]d-bm-\n-√mØ a´n¬ \√-h-\mbn \S-°p-
∂-h≥ (ssien)
ae-°p-Iƒ ˛ amem-J-am¿
ae¿∂ ˛ hncn™
al-Øp-°ƒ ˛ alm-flm-°ƒ
alØ-zm-Imw£n ˛ al-Øzw BK-ln-°p-∂-h≥
al¬kw-Kaw ˛ alm-∑m-cpsS kwKaw henb Bfp-I-fpsS tN¿®. (CXp-Xs∂
almkw-Kaw F∂m-bm¬ A¿Yw A¬]w amdpw˛al-Ømb
kwKaw F∂v. (al¬-KŸw alms‚ -KŸw, alm-KŸw
al-Ømb KŸw)
alm¿lw ˛ hne-]n-Sn® (A¿lw hne)
ams¶mºv ˛ amhn≥sImºv (am + sImºv)
am\kw ˛ a\ v
amaIw ˛ Ft‚Xv (aa Fs‚)
anX- mjn ˛ anX-ambn kwkm-cn-°p-∂-h≥
apKv[w ˛ at\m-l-cw, tamln-∏n-°p-∂Xv
ap m-hcn _w•mhv ˛ bmX-°m¿°p hgn-]m¿∏n-\p≈ Xmhfw
ap m-hcn ˛ "apkm- n¿' F∂ ]Z-Øns‚ XZv hw
(apkm- n¿ bmX-°mc≥)
apjvSn ˛ Npcp- n-∏n-Sn® ssI
aqe-y-N-ypXn ˛ aqe-y-Øns‚ hogvN, \miw (hne-bn-Snhv)
sabv ˛ icocw
taZn\n ˛ `qan
ta\n ˛ ico-cw, s]mß-®w, hnf-hns‚ Afhv
tahn-\m¿ ˛ Ah¿ ÿnXnsNbvXp (tahn + A¿)
tahpI ˛ ÿnXn-sN-øp-I
æm\w ˛ aßn-bXv
b¥-e-Lq-I-cWw ˛ b¥sØ Ffn-b-Xm-°¬, Ffn-a-s∏-Sp-ج
bm\w ˛ hml\w, bmX
cmP-Iobw ˛ cmPm-hp-ambn _‘s∏´Xv (cmjvShpambn _‘-s∏-´Xv˛
cmjvSobw)
e÷m-Nm-]ew ˛ e÷ sIm≠p≈ N]-e-X, \mWw sIm≠v hnh-i-bm-hpI
eX ˛ h≈n
emt`— ˛ em -s°m-Xn, em` + C—
temIm-¥c߃ ˛ a‰p temI-߃ ˛ temI+A¥cw, A¥cw˛a‰v, as‰m-cp-
(cq-]m-¥cw, KXy-¥cw)
]Z-]-cn -Nbw
115
hAfv ˛ CkvemanI aX-]- m-jWw
h©n- q-]m-e≥ ˛ h©n-cm-Py-Øns‚ q]m-e≥, Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq¿ cmPmhv
hmXm-\p-Iq-eyw ˛ hmX-Øns‚ B\p-Iq-e-yw, hmXw Im‰v,
B\p-Iq-eyw A\p-Iq-e-am-bn-cn-°p∂ Ah-ÿ,
A\p-Iqew A\p-k-cn-®p-≈Xv (x ]Xn-Iq-ew)
h\yw ˛ h\-hp -ambn _‘-s∏-´X v ˛ sh´n -sbm -Xp -°m -Ø-X v .
IrXn-a-am-°m-ØXv, ]mIrXw
hm\-h¿ ˛ tZh-∑m¿
hmbn-s®-Sp-°¬ ˛ shdpsX hmbn-°pI F∂-Xn-\-∏p-dØv X\-Xmb Hcp \nK-a-\tam
hymJym-\tam \nco-£-Wtam Dcp-Øn-cn-°p-∂-Xns\ Dt±-in-°p-
∂p. ASpØ ImeØp ]Nmcw h¿[n® Hcp ]tbm-Kw.
hnZ-yp-±o]tim` ˛ sshZ-ypXZo]-Øns‚ tim` (hnZypXv + Zo]w)
hnc‡n ˛ Xm¬]-cy-an-√mbva (x c‡n)
hnh¿W≥ ˛ h¿Ww \jvS-s∏- -h≥, hnf-dn-b-h≥
hnj-°\n ˛ hnj-ap≈ I\n (I\n˛]gw)
hnkva-bn-°pI ˛ A¤p-X-s∏-SpI
hnl-cn-°pI ˛ X∂njvSw t]mse Ifn®p\S-°pI
ho¿Øm≥ ˛ (s\-Sp)- ho¿∏n´p (Ah≥ ho¿Øp)
sh≈-s°mSn Im´pI ˛ Xpº-∏q-hns‚ \ndw kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-tXm-sSm∏w kam-[m-\-Øns‚
Nn”-amb sh≈ \ndhpw kq-Nn-∏n-°p-∂p.
th]w ˛ hnd
hy-X-ykvXw ˛ hy-X-ym-k-ap-≈Xv (kv+X BsW-t∂m¿°p-I. a‰p-Zm-l-c-W-߃
A`ykvXw, hniz-kvXw, Biz-kvXw)
hW-hn-tcm]Ww ˛ h-W-Øns‚ hntcm]Ww, apdn-hp-W-°¬
i_vZ-]Yw - i_vZ-Øns‚ hgn (Sound Track)ite-ym-≤cWw ˛ Aºv Cf-°n-sb-Sp-°¬, (ieyw Aºv, ap≈v. Atºm apt≈m
ico-c-Øn¬ Xd®ncp-∂m¬ D≠m-Ip∂ Ah-ÿbv°v Ipg∏w
F∂ A¿Y-Øn¬ ieyw ]tbm-Kn-°p∂p).
iim-t¶m-P-zew ˛ iim-¶-s\-t∏mse Pz-en-°p-∂Xv, N-µ-s\-t∏mse Xnf-ßp-∂Xv
imJm-K-Zr-jvS-߃ ˛ imJ-I-fpsS AK-ß-fn¬ ImW-s∏-Sp-∂h
tij-°m-c≥ ˛ A\-¥-c-h≥, ]n∑p-d-°m-c≥
timWw ˛ sNa-∂, Nph∂
iymaw ˛ Idp-Ø, Ccp≠ (Ccp≠ ]®)
imhyw ˛ ihn-°-s∏-tS-≠Xv (ihyw ˛ ihn-°-Ø-°Xv ) (kw`hyw ˛
kw`m-hyw)
kJywXS-hn\ ˛ Iq´p-Im-c-\mbnØo¿∂
kt¶Xw ˛ Xmhfw, Ccn-∏nSw (sSIv\nIv F∂ Cw•ojv ]Z-Øn\v kam-\-
ambpw kt¶Xw F∂ ]Zw D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p. AXn¬ \n∂v
kmt¶-XnIw F∂ ]Zhpw)
ktN-X\w ˛ tNX-\-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bXv Poh-\p-≈Xv
kX-z-ÿ-k-ºØv ˛ ssNX-\-y -am-Ip∂ kºØv ˛ kXz-Øn¬ ˛ ip≤n-bn¬
ÿnXnsNøp∂ kº-Øv
k]-t¶-cplw ˛ ]t¶-cp-l-ß-tfmSp IqSn-bXv (]-¶-Øn¬ apf-®Xv ˛ ]¶Pw ˛
Xmac. ]¶w Nfn)
ka-Im-enI≥ ˛ Htc Ime-Øp-≈-h≥
kakvXw ˛ apgp-h≥
ka-ky ˛ k¶o¿W-amb ]iv\w
kanØv ˛ NaX
kap-®bw ˛ Iq´w
tIc-f-]m-Tm-hen ae-bmfw IX
116
kam v ˛ cmPm-°-∑m-cpsS cmPm-hv, NI-h¿Øn (cm´v cmPm-hv)
kc-ko-Pmew ˛ kc- p-I-fpsS Iq´w (k-c v s]mbvI)
k¿h-k-∂p-X≥ ˛ k¿h-cmepw k∂p-X≥
k∂p-X≥ ˛ th≠-t]mse kvXpXn°-s∏-Sp-∂-h≥
\pX≥ kvXpXn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-h≥
k¿hm-[n-]Xn ˛ F√m-‰ns‚bpw A[n-Imcn
kl-h¿Øn-Xzw ˛ H-cp-an®p Ign™pIqSp∂ Ahÿ
kmº-ØnIamµyw ˛ kº-Øns‚ Xf¿®, temIkmº-ØnIIa-Øn¬ D≠m-Ip∂
Xf¿®
knXmw-_p-P-߃ ˛ sh≈-Øm-a-c-Iƒ
(knXw- -sh-fpØ, Aw_p-Pw- -Xm-a-c)
kpJib\w ˛ \√ Dd°w (Dd°w kpJ-amtbm F∂ Ipiew tNmZn-°¬)
kp] ˛ hen-b- hncn∏v
kpc-‡-amw- ssI ˛ Nph-∂p-Xp-SpØ ssI
kqcy-mX]w ˛ kqcy-\n¬ \n∂v t\cn v G¬°p∂ shbn¬ (kqcy + BX-]w),
BX]w NqSv
kph¿°w ˛ kz¿Kw (Ad_nae-bmf ]Zw)
kw-th-Z-\o-bX ˛ Adn-bm\pw A\p-` -hn -°m\pw D≈ Ign -hv, B Ignhv
D≠mbncn°¬
kwÿm-]n-°pI ˛ ka-y-°mbn (th≠-t]mse) ÿm]n-°pI.
kv pSw ˛ hy‡w
kvt\l- wKw ˛ kvt\l-Øns‚ wKw (`wKw˛\miw)
kz—w ˛ sXfn-™, \n¿a-e-amb
kz-—-µw ˛ kz¥w CjvS-]-Imcw
kz-ÿ≥ ˛ sskz-c-ap-≈-h≥, kpJ-ap-≈-h≥
kzman≥ ˛ kzman F∂ i_vZ-Øns‚ kwt_m-[\m-cq]w
kvt\l-c-ln-X-amb ˛ kvt\l-an-√mØ
kvt\tlm-ZnXw ˛ kvt\-l-Øn¬ \n∂v DZn-®-Xv (kvt\l + DZn-Xw)
kvacy-]p-cp-j≥ ˛ kvacn-°-s∏-Sp∂ ]pcp-j≥ Hm¿an-°-s∏-Sp∂ Bƒ (]_-‘-
Ønepw a‰pw ]ta-b-am-hp∂ ][m\ hy‡nsb kqNn-∏n-°p∂
]tbmKw)
lhn¿K‘w ˛ lhn- ns‚ K‘w
lhn v ˛ tlma-Zhyw
lqdn ˛ kz¿K-Ønse kpµcn (Ad_n ]Zw)
lm¿Zw ˛ lrXv lm¿Zw, lrZ-b-hp-ambn _‘-s∏- -Xv.
(lm¿Zhw F∂p ]tbm-Kn-®p-Iq-Sm-Ø-XmWv)
lrØv ˛ lrZbw
lrZ-a≥ ˛ lrZ-b-sØ -c-an-∏n-°p-∂-h≥ (Im-ap-I≥)
tlmXmhv ˛ tlmaw sNøp-∂-h≥
lw°v ˛ hnUvVn
d∫v ˛ ssZhw
d∫p¬ Be-ao-\mb
Xºpcmt\ ˛ ]]-©-k-jvSm-hmb ssZhta
dnb-enkw ˛ bYm-XYhmZw, D≈Xv D≈-Xp-t]mse ]I-Sn-∏n-°¬
117
KŸ-Im-c-∑m-cpw IrXn-Ifpw
Imfn-Zm-k≥
hniz-hnip-X-\mb kwkvIrX a-lm-I-hn. hnI-
am-Zn-Xy-k-Z- nse \h-c-Xv\-ß-fn¬ Hcm-fmbn
Adn-b-s∏-Sp-∂p. At\Iw sFXn-ly-߃
Ct±l-sØ-°p-dn®p ]Nm-c-Øn-ep-≠v. amfhw
F∂ tZiØv Pohn-®n-cp-∂-Xmbn Icp-Xp-∂p.
A`n-⁄m\ imIp-¥-fw, amf-hn-Im-·n-anXw,
hnI-tam¿h-iobw (\mS-I-߃), Ipam-c-
kw`hw, cLp-hwiw (alm-Im-hy-߃),
EXpkwlmcw (Jfi-Im-hyw), taL-k-tµiw
(ktµ-i-Im-hyw) F∂n-h-bmWv apJy-Ir-Xn-Iƒ.
sNdp-t»cn (15˛mw \q‰m-≠v)
F.-Un. 15- mw \q‰m-≠n¬ Pohn-®n-cp∂ aebmf-
I-hn. F.-Un. 1445 ˛ 75 ImeØv tIme-Øp-
\mSp `cn-®n-cp∂ DZ-b-h¿as‚ ]finXkZ-
nse AwKam-bn-cp-∂p. ]mfin-Xyhpw mh-
\m-k-ºØpw HØn-W-ßnb Ihn. IrjvW-Km-
Y-bmWv ][m\ IrXn. `‡n, ^en-Xw,
irwKmcw F∂nh-bmWv IrjvW-Km-Y-bn¬ \nd-
™p-\n¬°p-∂-Xv.
Fgp-Ø-—≥ (16˛mw \q‰m-≠v)
Xp©Øv cmam-\p-P≥ Fgp-Ø-—≥ F.Un.
16˛mw \q‰m-≠n¬ Pohn-®n-cp-∂p. a[ytIc-f-
Ønse ]gb s]m∂m\n Xmeq-°n¬ Xncq-cn-
\-SpØv Xr°-≠n-bq-cnse Xp©≥]d-ºmWv
P∑-ÿ-ew. Infn-∏m- ns\ mj-bn¬ Hcp Imhy-
]-ÿm-\-am°n hnI-kn-∏n-®p. Fgp-Ø-—s‚
IrXn-I-fn-eqsS ae-bm-f-Øn¬ \ne-hm-c-s∏´
Imhy-`mj cq]-s∏-´p. `‡n-]-ÿm-\-Øns‚
tIc-f-Ønse apJy]tbm-‡m-hv. A[ym-fl-
cm-am-b-Ww, ioalm- m-c-Xw, ioalm`mK-hXw
(Infn -∏m -´p -Iƒ), Nn¥m -cXv\w, lcn -
\maIo¿Ø\w F∂n-h ][m\ IrXn-Iƒ.
cho-µ-\m-Y -Sm-tKm¿ (1861 - 1941)t\m_¬ kΩm\w t\Snb `mc-Xob kmln-
Xy-Im-c≥. _wKm-fnse sIm¬°Ø-bn¬
P\n®p. C¥y≥ \thm-∞m-\-Øns‚ inev]n-
I-fn¬ Hcmƒ. _wKm-fn-bnepw Cw•o-jnepw
Fgp-Xn. `mc-Xob kmln-XysØ B[p-\n-I-
h¬°-cn-®-Xn¬ ][m-\n. tZiobKm\Øns‚
-c-N-bn-Xm-hv, Ihn, t\mh-en-Ãv, D]-\ym-k-Im-
c≥, \mS-I-Ir-Øv, NnX-Im-c≥, kwKo-X-⁄≥
XpS-ßnb \ne-I-fn¬ ]kn-≤≥. ][m-\-Ir-Xn-
KŸ-Im-c-∑m-cpw IrXn-Ifpw
Iƒ: KoXm-RvP-en, DZym-\-]m-e-I≥, Im_q-fn-
hm-e, t]mÃvam-ÿ, tKmd, ho´nepw ]pdØpw-
XpS-ßn-bh.
F.B¿.-cm-P-cm-P-h¿a (1863 - 1918)Nß-\m-t»-cn-bn¬ P\-\w. tIc-f-]m-Wn\n F∂
t]cn¬ Adn -b-s∏-Sp∂p. A[ym -] -I≥,
kwkvIr -X -]m -T -imem C≥kvs]-I vS¿,
kwkvIrX tImtfPv ]n≥kn-∏¬ XpS-ßnb
]Z-hn-Iƒ hln-®p. tIc-f-]m-Wn\obw, mjm-
`q-j-Ww, hrØ-a-RvP-cn, kmln-Xy-kmlyw,
i_vZ-tim-[n-\n, a[y-a-hym-I-c-Ww XpSßn
`mjbv°v ASn-ÿm\w \¬Inb ]mam-
WnIIrXn-Ifpw mjm-Ip-am-c-kw- -hw, ae-bmf
imIp¥fw, ae-b-hn-em-kw, ]km-Z-ame XpS-
ßnb Ir-Xn-Ifpw F.B-dns‚ -kw-`m-h-\-I-
fn¬s∏-Sp-∂p.
F≥. Ipam-c-\m-im≥ (1873 - 1924)Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw Pn√-bn¬ Nnd-bn≥Io-gn-
\SpØp≈ Imbn-°c Kma-Øn¬ P\n-®p.
io\m-cm-bWKpcp-hns‚ ][m\ injy≥.
Fkv.-F≥.-Un.-]n. tbmKw skI-´-dn-bmbn
]h¿Øn-®p. _mwKfq-cnepw sIm¬°Ø
bnepw D]-cn-]-T\w \S-Øn. 1907 ¬ ]kn-≤o-
I-cn® hoW-]qhv' ae-bm-f- Ihn-X-bn¬ Hcp
]pXp-bp-K-Øn\v Bcw`w Ipdn-®p. \fn-\n, eoe,
Nn¥m-hn-jvS-bmb koX, ]tcm-Z-\w, Zpc-h-ÿ,
Nfim-e-`n-£p-In, IcpW XpS-ßnb Im-hy-
ßfpw [mcmfw mh-Ko-X-ßfpw _me-I-hn-X-
Ifpw cNn®n-´p-≠v. AtXhsc \ne-\n∂
ImhycoXn°p am‰w hcpØn X\-Xmb
ssien°v cq]w-sIm-Sp-Øp. ae-bmfIhn-X-
bn¬ Imev]-\nI hk-¥-Øn\p XpS°w Ipdn-
®hcn¬ ]ap-J≥.
D≈q¿ Fkv. ]c-ta-iz-c-ø¿ (1877 - 1949)Nß-\m-t»-cn-bn¬ P\\w. tIc-f-h¿a]ÿm-
\-Øns‚ ]apJ h‡m-hv. Ae-¶m-c]q¿Whpw
]fin-tXm-Nn-X-hp-amb Imhy-ssi-en-bpsS
DSa. efnXssien-bn-ep≈ _me-I-hn-X-Ifpw
Dam-tI-cfw F∂ alm-Im-hyhpw \nc-h[n
Jfi-Im-hy-ßfpw Ht´sd Kth-j-W-teJ-\-
ßfpw D≈q¿ cNn-®n-´p-≠v. A©p hmey-ß-
fn¬ cNn® "tIc-f-km-ln-Xy-N-cnXw' it≤-
b-amWv. I¿W-`q-j-Ww, ]nwK-f, `‡n-Zo-]n-I
118
tIc-f-]m-Tm-hen ae-bmfw IX
(Jfi-Im-hy-߃), Inc-Wm-h-en, Xmc-lm-cw,
Xcw-Kn-Wn, Aar-X-[m-c, Iev]-imJn (IhnXm-
k-am-lm-c-߃) XpS-ßn-bh ][m\ IrXn-Iƒ.
kztZ-im-`n-am\n cma-Ir-jvW-]n≈
(1878 - 1916)Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw Pn√-bn¬ s\øm-‰n≥I-c-bn¬
P\n-®p. aebmfw I≠ G‰hpw [oc-\mb
]Xm-[n-]¿. cmjvSo-b-hn-a¿i-\hpw ]pkvX-I-
\n-cq-]-Whpw apJw t\m°msX Fgp-Xn. A¶-
K-Wn-Xw, t£X-KWnX km[-\-]m-T-߃,
`qhn-h-cW tNmZy-߃, tkmI-´o-kv, _me-
t_m-[n\n XpSßn [mcmfw IrXn-Iƒ cNn-®p.
kzX-¥hpw \n¿ -b-hp-ambn ]X-]-h¿Ø\w
\S-Øn-b-Xn-\m¬ A∂sØ Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq¿
`c-W-IqSw At±-lsØ 1910˛¬ \mSp-I-S-Øn.
Fs‚ \mSp-I-S-ج, hrØm¥ ]X-]-
h¿Ø\w F∂o ]pkvX-I-߃ Gsd it≤-
b-am-Wv.
Pn. i¶-c-°pdp∏v (1901 - 1978)Fd-Wm-Ipfw Pn√-bnse Ime-Sn-°-SpØv \mb-
tØm-Sv Kma-Øn¬ P\n-®p. ⁄m\-]oT]pc-
kvImcw t\Snb BZy kmln-Xy-Im-c≥.
]IrXnKmb-I-s\∂pw knwt_m-fnIv Ihn
F∂pw Ct±-lsØ \ncq-]-I-∑m¿ hnti-jn-
∏n-°p-∂p. hniz-Z¿i-\w, kmln-Xy-Iu-XpIw
(4 mK-߃), kqcy-Im-¥n, \hm-Xn-Yn, \nanjw,
CX-fp-Iƒ, HmS-°p-g¬, hniz-Z¿i-\w, Poh-\-
kw-KoXw XpS-ßnb IhnXmkam-lm-c-ßfpw
k‘y, Ccp- n-\p-apºv F∂o \mS-I-ßfpw cmP-
\-µn-\n, lcn-›-µ≥ F∂o IY-m ]pkvX-I-
ßfpw Sn∏p, sslZ-cmen XpSßnb Poh-N-cn-
X-ßfpw cNn-®n-´p-≠v. Cfw-Np-≠p-Iƒ, Hme-
∏o-∏n, Imt‰ hm IS-te hm XpS-ßnb _me-
IhnXm kam-lm-c-ßfpw PnbpsS kw`m-h-
\IfmWv. Imhym-fl-I-amb KZy-te-J-\-ßfpw
c-Nn-®n-´p-≠v. tIµ -km-lnXy A°m-Zan
Ahm¿Upw ]fl- q-j¨ _lp-aXnbpw e`n®p.
]m¿e-sa‚n¬ AwK-am-bn-cp-∂p.
CS-t»cn tKmhn-µ≥ \mb¿ (1906 - 1974)C∂sØ ae-∏pdw Pn√-bnse Ip‰n-∏p-dØv
P\\w. Im¿jnIkwkvIm-c -Øn-s‚bpw
KmaoWPohn-X-Øn-s‚bpw ]pcm-hr-Ø-ß-fp-
sSbpw DƒØp-Sn-∏p-Iƒ Dƒs°m≠-Ihn-X-
Ifpw \mS-I-ßfpw cNn-®p. ]qX-∏m v, ]pØ≥
Iehpw Acn-hmfpw, Ip¶p-a-]- mXw, Imhnse
]m´v, Hcp ]nSn s\√n°, Af-Im-h-en, Idp-Ø-
sN-´n-®n-Iƒ XpS-ßnb (Ihn-Xm-k-am-lm-c-
߃) Iq´p-Irjn (\mS-Iw) XpS-ßn-bh
][m\ IrXn-Iƒ. tIcf kmln-Xy A°m-Z-
anbp-sSbpw tIµ kmln-Xy- A-°m-Z-an-
bpsSbpw Ahm¿UpIƒ e`n-®n´p-≠v.
_mem-a-Wn-b-Ω (1909 - 2004)1909¬ Xr»q¿ Pn√-bnse ]p∂-bq¿°p-fØv
\me-∏m´p Xd-hm- n¬ P\n-®p. amXr-Xz-Øns‚
al-Øzhpw hnip-≤nbpw Bhn-jvI-cn®
IhbnXn. `mcy, IpSpw-_n\n, AΩ, apØ»n
XpS-ßnb `n∂-`m-h-ß-fn¬ kvXo°p≈
[m¿anI-_m[y-X-Ifpw tNtXm-hn-Im-c-ßfpw
`mh- wKn-tbmsS Ihn-X-I-fn¬ Bhn-jvI-cn-®p.
tkm]m-\w, \nth-Zyw, apØ-»n, agp-hns‚ IY,
AΩ, IpSpw-_n-\n, temIm-¥-c-ß-fn¬ XpSßn
bh ][m\ Ihn-Xm-k-am-lm-c-߃. tIcf
km-ln-Xy- A-°m-Zan Ahm¿Upw tIµ-
kmlnXy A°mZan Ahm¿Upw e`n-®p.
kc-kzXnkΩm≥, Fgp-Ø-—≥]pc-kvImcw
F∂nhbpw e`n-®n-´p-≠v.
]n. tKmhn-µ-∏n-≈
1926 ¬ Fd-Wm-Ipfw Pn√-bnse s]cp-ºm-hq-
cn-\-SpØv ]p√p-hgnbn¬ P\n-®p. cmjvSob
kmaq-ly-]-h¿Ø-I≥, ]X-]-h¿Ø-I≥.
Xncp-s°m-®n, tIc-f-\n-b-a-k-`-I-fn¬ AwK-am-
bn-cp-∂p. Ne-®nX hnI-k\ tIm¿]-td-j≥
sNb¿am≥, tZim- n-am\n, Nn¥ F∂n-h-bpsS
]Xm-[n-]¿ XpS-ßnb ÿm\-߃ hln-®n-´p-
≠v. am¿Ivkpw aqe-[-\-hpw, Ck-߃°n-∏pdw,
kmln-Xyhpw cmjvSo-b-hpw, am¿IvknÃv
kuµ-cy-imkvXw ˛ D¤-hhpw hf¿®bpw
XpS-ßn-b-h-bmWv ][m\ IrXn-Iƒ. tIc-f-
km-lnXy A°m-Zan Ahm¿Uv t\Sn-bn-´p-≠v.
kpIp-am¿ Ago-t°mSv
1926- ¬ IÆq¿ Pn√-bnse Ago-t°m v P\n®p.
A[ym -] -I≥, ]`m -j-I≥, \ncq -] -I≥,
]Xm[n]¿ F∂o \ne-I-fn¬ ]kn-≤≥.
Bims‚ koXm-Im-hyw, alm-flm-hns‚
am¿Kw, i¶-c-°p-dp∏v hna¿in-°-s∏-Sp-∂p,
hmb-\-bpsS kz¿K-Øn¬, aebmfkmlnXy
hna¿i-\w, XØz-a-kn, F¥n∂p `mc-X-[-tc,
Kpcp-hns‚ Zp:Jw, Ago-t°m-Sns‚ teJ-\-߃
F∂nh ][m\ IrXn-Iƒ. tIc-f-˛-tIµ
kmlnXy A°m-Zan Ahm¿Up-Iƒ e`n-
®n´p≠v.
hb-em¿ cma-h¿a (1928 - 1975)Be-∏pg Pn√-bnse hb-em-dn¬ P\n-®p. Ihn,
Km\-c-N-bn-Xmhv F∂o \ne-I-fn¬ ]kn-≤≥.
][m\ IrXn-Iƒ: sIm¥bpw ]qWq-epw, apf-
119
KŸ-Im-c-∑m-cpw IrXn-Ifpw
¶m-Sv, Bbn-j, k¿K-kw-KoXw XpS-ßn-b-h.
tIcf kmln-Xy -A°m-Zan Ahm¿Uv t\Sn-
bn- p-≠v.
F≥.-]n. apl-ΩZv (1928 - 2003)tImgn-t°mSv CSn-b-ß-c-bn¬ P\n-®p. ae-bmf
sNdp-I-Ym-IrØpw t\mh-en-Ãpw. sXm∏nbpw
X´hpw, ]knU≠ns‚ BZysØ ac-Ww,
FÆ-∏m-Sw, acw, lnc-Wy-I-in]p, Kpl, apl-
Ω-Zns‚ P\-\w, ssZh-Øns‚ IÆv, \√-h-
cpsS temIw, hmcn -sb-√p -Iƒ XpSßn
[mcmfw IrXn-I-fpsS I¿Øm-hv. Fw.-Sn.-hmkp-
tZ-h≥ \mb-cp-ambn tN¿∂p cNn® t\mh-
emWv "Ad-_n-s∏m∂v'. tIcf kmlnXy
A°m-Zan A[y-£-\m-bn-cp-∂p. tIµ˛tIcf-
km-lnXy A°m-Zan Ahm¿Up-Iƒ e`n-®n-
´p≠v.
H.F≥.-hn. Ipdp∏v
1931¬ sIm√w Pn√-bnse Nh-d-bn¬ P\n-®p.
Ihn, Ne-®nXKm\-c-N-bn-Xmhv. \mS≥ioep-
ItfmSp≈ B`n-apJyw, Km\m-fl-I-X, eb-
`wKn, Bi-b-k-ºpjvSn F∂nh H.-F≥.-hn.
Ihn-X-I-fpsS khn-ti-j-X-Iƒ. \oe-°-
ÆpIƒ, HcpXp≈n shfn-®w, abn¬∏o-en,
AKv\nie-`-߃, IdpØ ]£n-bpsS ]m´v,
D÷-bn-\n, `qan-s°mcp Nc-a-Ko-Xw, A£-cw,
D∏v, ss`c-hs‚ XpSn, kzbw-hcw XpS-ßn-bh
][m\ IrXn-Iƒ. tIµ-˛-tI-cf kmlnXy
A°m-Zan Ahm¿Up-Ifpw Fgp-Ø-—≥ ]pc-
kvIm-chpw e`n-®n´p≠v.
kn. hn. iocm-a≥ (1933 - 2007)IYm-Ir-Øv, cmjvSo-b-]-h¿Ø-I≥, A`n-`m-
j-I≥. tIcf kmln-Xy -A-°m-Zan D]m-[y-
£≥, tIµ -km-ln-Xy -A-°m-Zan AwKw
F∂o ]Z-hn-Iƒ hln-®n- p-≠v. Xo¿Y-°m-hSn,
ZpxJnX-cpsS ZpxJw, ]pdwImgvN-Iƒ, hmkvXp-
lm-cm, N£p-i-hWKf-ÿamw XpS-ßnbh
IrXn-Iƒ. tIµ tIcf kmln-Xy- A-°mZan
Ahm¿Up-Iƒ e`n-®n-´p-≠v.
Fw.-Sn. hmkp-tZ-h≥\m-b¿
1933¬ s]m∂m\n Xmeq-°nse IqS-√q¿ Kma-
Øn¬ P\n®p. t\mh-en-Ãv, sNdp-I-Ym-Ir-Øv,
Xnc-°-Ym-Ir-Øv, kn\n-am-kw-hn-[m-b-I≥,
]Xm-[n-]¿.
\mep-sI v, Akp-c-hn-Øv, Imew, a™v, c≠m-
aq-gw, hmcm-Wkn (t\m-h-ep-Iƒ), Ccp-´ns‚
Bflm-hv, Ipt´y-S-Øn, _‘-\w, \ns‚ Hm¿a-
bv°v, hm\-]ÿw, sj¿eIv (I-Y-Iƒ)
XpSßn-bh ][m\ IrXn-Iƒ. \nc-h[n
cN\Iƒ Ne-®n-X-am-bn-´p-≠v. ⁄m\-]o-T-]p-
c-kvImcw e`n-®p. Xnc-°-Ybv°v ]e XhW
kwÿm\˛tZ-iob Ahm¿Up-Iƒ e`n®p.
tIµ-- -tI-cf kmlnXy A°m-Zan Ahm¿Up-
Iƒ e`n-®n-´p-≠v.
kpK-X-Ip-amcn
1934¬ Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-cØp P\n-®p. kmaq-lnI
-]h¿Ø\cwKØpw ]IrXn kwc-£-W-cw-
KØpw hne-s∏´ kw`m-h-\-Iƒ \¬In. apØp-
®n-∏n, kz]v\- q-an, ]mXn-cm-∏q-°ƒ, ]mhw am\-
h-lr-Z-bw, Ccpƒ®n-d-Ip-Iƒ, cmXn-a-g, Aº-
e-a-Wn, Ipdn-™n-∏q-°ƒ, IrjvW-I-hn-X-Iƒ,
cm[-sb-hn-sS, tZh-Zmkn, Imhp-Xo-≠-t√ XpS-
ßnbh ][m\ IrXn-Iƒ. tIµ-˛-tI-cf
kmlnXy A°m-Zan Ahm¿Up -Ifpw
FgpØ—≥ ]pc-kvIm-chpw e`n®p.
Pn. Ac-hnµ≥ (1935 - 1991)tIm´-bØv P\\w. ]kn≤ lmkkmlnXy-
Im-c-\m-bn-cp∂ Fw.F≥.tKmhn-µ≥\mb-cpsS
aI≥. Ne®nX kwhn-[m-b-I≥, Im¿´q-Wn-Ãv,
Xnc-°-Ym-Ir-Øv, kwKo-X-⁄≥. sNdn-b-
a\pjycpw hen-b tem-Ihpw F∂ Im¿´q¨
]c-º-c-bn-eqsS it≤b-\m-bn. Im©-\-ko-X,
Xºv, Hcn-SØv F∂o Ne-®n-X-߃°v kwhn-
[m-b-I-\p≈ tZiob Ahm¿Upw NnZw-_-c-
Øn\v anI® NnX-Øns‚ kwhn-[m-b-I-\p≈
tZiob Ahm¿Upw e`n®p. DØ-cm-b-\w, Xºv,
FkvX∏m≥, t]m°p-sh-bn¬, NnZw-_-cw,
HcnSØv, hmkvXp-lmc F∂o NnX-߃°v
anI® kwhn-[m-b-I\p≈ tIcf-k¿°m-cns‚
Ahm¿Uv e`n®p.
F≥.-F≥.-I-°mSv (1935 - 1987)I°mSv \mcm-b-W≥ \ºq-Xn-cn. tImgn-t°mSv
Pn√-bnse Ahn-S-\-√q¿ I°m´n√Øv P\n®p.
aebmf-Ønse B[p -\n -IXm]ÿm-\ -
Øn¬s∏´ ]apJ Ihn.
ie-`-Ko-Xw, ]mXm-f-Øns‚ apg-°w, Bbn-c-
Øn-sØm-≈m-bn-cØn Adp-]-Øn-aq-∂v. hP-
Ip-fiew, k -e-ao-bmX, CXm Bi-a-arKw
sIm√v sIm√v, ]I-e-dp-Xn-°p-apºv F∂nh
][m\ IrXn-Iƒ.
sk_m-Ãy≥ t]mƒ
1947˛¬ Fd-Wm-Ip-fØp P\n-®p. ]X-]-
h¿ØI≥, A`n- m-j-I≥, A[ym-]I≥, ]m¿e-
sa‚ v AwKw, \nb-a-k-`mwKw F∂o \ne-
Ifn¬ ]h¿Øn-®p. tPm¨t]mƒ am¿]m-∏,
120
tIc-f-]m-Tm-hen ae-bmfw IX
aZ¿sX-tckm (Poh-N-cn-X-߃), a\pjy\pw
sXmgn-epw, Ck-tbepw Ab¬cm-Py-ßfpw,
temI-kw-L-S-\-Iƒ, ]tcXs‚ Xncn-®p-h-chv
XpS-ßn-b-h-bmWv ][m\ IrXn-Iƒ.
hnP-b-Ip-am¿ tat\m≥
1947 ˛ ¬ P\n-®p. ]ap-J-\mb Iem hna¿i-
I≥. tImtfPv Hm^v ss^≥ B¿Svkn¬
hnkn‰nMv s^tem Bbn-cp∂p. B[p-\nIIem-
Z¿i-\w, ÿew Imew, Ie, c‡-hn-hmlw
(hnh.) F∂n-h-bmWv ][m\ IrXn-Iƒ. efnX-
Iem A°m-Zan Ahm¿Uv e`n®n-´p-≠v.
bp.sI. Ipam-c≥
1950 ˛ ¬ tImgn-t°mSv Pn√-bnse ]tømfn-
bn¬ P\n-®p. sNdp-I-Ym-Ir-Øv, ]X-]-
h¿ØI≥. ]pXnb Ccn-∏n-S-߃. aSpØ Ifn,
AS-bm-f-߃ h∂p sIm≠n-cn-°p-∂p, A—≥
Dd-ßp-∂n-√, H‰-bvs°mcp kvXo HmSp-∂-Xns‚
cl-ky-sa¥v? hoSv kwkm-cn-°p-∂p, at[y-bn-
ßs\ ImWp∂ t\c-Øv XpS-ßn-b-h-bmWv
][m\ IrXnIƒ.
hn.sI. tPmk^v
1951 ¬ IÆq¿ Pn√-bnse Ipt∂mØv P\n®p.
Ne-®nX \ncq -] -I≥, tIc-f -N-e -®nX
A°mZan sshkv sNb¿am≥. Ne-®n-Xm-kzm-
Z-\-hp-ambn _‘-s∏´ ]cn-io-e-\-߃°v
t\XrXzw \¬Inhcp-∂p. kn\n-abpw ]Xy-b-
im-kvXhpw ][m-\-Ir-Xn. Ne-®nX \ncq-]-
W-Øn-\p≈ tZiob˛kw-ÿm\ Ahm¿Up-
Iƒ e`n-®n-´p-≠v.
Atim-I≥ Ncp-hn¬
1957˛¬ Xr»q¿ Pn√-bnse Im´q-cn¬ P\n-
®p˛sNdp-I-Ym-IrØv. kqcy-Im-¥n-IfpsS \K-
cw, ]cn-Nn-X-K-‘-߃, Hcp cmXn°v Hcp
]I¬ (IYm-k-am-lm-c-߃), IwKmcp\rØw
(t\mh¬) F∂nh ][m\ IrXn-Iƒ. tIc-f -
km-ln-Xy- A°m-Zan Ahm¿Uv e`n-®p.
inlm-_p-±o≥ s]mbvØpwI-Shv
1963 ˛ ¬ IÆq¿ Pn√-bnse s]mbvØpw IS-
hn¬ P\-\w. sNdp-IYmIr-Øv. a™p-Im-ew,
B¿°pw th≠mØ Hcp IÆv (IY-Iƒ),
Cu¿® (t\mh-se‰pIƒ) XpS-ßn-b-h-bmWv
][m-\ -Ir-Xn-Iƒ.
]n. sI. cmP-ti-J-c≥
1966 ˛ ¬ Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-cØv P\n-®p. ]X]-
h¿Ø-I≥. \ncq -] -I≥. ]nXr -L-Sn -
Imcw˛H.hn.hnP-bs‚ Iebpw Z¿i-\-hpw,
A‘-\mb ssZhw˛ae-bmf t\mh-ens‚ \qdp-
h¿j-߃, GIm¥\K-c-߃, hm°ns‚
aq∂mwIc, t\mh¬: t_m[hpw
]Xnt_m[hpw (FUn-‰¿), XpS-ßn-b-h-bmWv
][m\ IrXnIƒ.