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Beginning Chinese Basic Đào Ngọc Sắc 0984464415

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中文 "ZHONGWEN"

CHINESE

MADE FUN ...AND EASY AS...

一二三! Anne Bingham 白老师双语班

纽约长岛十峰中文学校

2003-2004


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In order to start speaking Chinese, you'll first need to know how to make the sounds. There are four tones in Chinese.

The first is level.

The second is rising. The third is dipping. The fourth is falling.

Please note:

"a" makes the sound of someone getting their throat checked.

"o" makes the sound of "floor" with a heavy LI accent

"i" makes the "ee" sound except after zh,ch,shi and ri.

"ei" makes the "ei" in eight sound

"u" makes the sounds of "oo" in boo

"u" makes a tight, curled "eeww" sound.


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Names of Basic Strokes: 1. heng 一, 六, 大 2. shu 十, 中, 上 3. dian 小, 六 4. pie 文, 人, 大 5. na 八, 人 6. ti 红, 我, 江 7. heng gou 你, 字 8. shu gou 小, 你 9. xie gou 我 10. wan gou 了 11. heng zhe 白 12. shu zhe 叫 13. heng pie 水 14. shu ti 很 CSL-2 Will only be tested on the stroke names up to this point but should be familiar and recognize the remaining stroke names below. Possibly an extra credit question on final?!

15. shu wan 四 16. pie zhe 云


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17. pie dian 女 18. heng zhe gou 卫 19. shu wan gou 见 20. shu zhe zhe gou 鸟 21. heng zhe zhe pie 这 22. heng pie wan gou 那 23. heng zhe wan gou 九 24. heng zhe zhe zhe gou 奶 Stroke Order First across and then down. 下十 First slant down left then right. 人天 Start at the top and work down 三足 First left then right 红你


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First outside/then inside 月肉 First inside then outside 山这 First middle then two sides 小水 First what's inside a "box" then close it up 日四

Colors: 颜色=Yanse Please learn how to say and recognize the following in Chinese: heise 黑色 black baise 白色 white hongse 红色 red huangse 黄色 yellow lanse 蓝色 blue luse 绿色 green huise 灰色 grey Sentence Patterns:

Ni zui xihuan shenme yanse? 你最喜欢什么颜色? What's your favorite color?

Wo zui xihuan lanse. 我最喜欢蓝色. My favorite color is blue. F.Y.I. may be an extra credit question.

fenhongse 粉红 pink


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zongse 棕色 brown zise 紫色 purple chenghuangese 橙黄色 orange

Meats/Seafood Please learn how to say and recognize the following in Chinese:

jirou 鸡肉 chicken niu rou 牛肉 beef

zhu rou 猪肉 pork yang rou 羊肉 lamb

yu 鱼 xia 虾 shrimp longxia 龙虾 lobster


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THIS PATTERN is fun and EASY TO LEARN TRY IT! "Ni xiang chi shenme rou? Ni yao bu yao chi yu?" 你想吃什么肉? 你要不要吃鱼? "What kind of meat would you like to eat. Do you want to have fish?"

Earth Elements

jin 金 gold

huo 火 fire

mu 木 wood

tu 土 dirt,earth


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shui 水 water

地理 Dili Geography shan 山 mountain huoshan 火山 volcano hu 湖 lake he 河 river senlin 森林 forest hai 海 ocean sha mo 沙漠 desert tiandi 田地 farmland

nongcun 农村 countryside

kuangye 旷野 fields Sentence Patterns: 中国和美国都有森林和沙漠. Zhongguo he meiguo dou you shenlin he shamo. Both the US and China have forests and deserts.

中国有火山吗? Zhongguo you huoshan ma? Does China have volcanoes?


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方向 Directions - Fangxiang dong 东 east nan 南 south xi 西 west bei 北 north The above can be followed with "fang" "bian" or "bu" 方边部 which are all variations of place/side/section. Sentence Pattern: 中国的山东省在哪儿? Where is China's Shandong Province? zhongguo de shandong sheng zai nar? 中国的山东省是在中国的东北部. It's in northeast China. zhongguo de shandong sheng shi zai zhongguo de dong bei bu.


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Front/Back/Left/Right

后hou=back, rear

左zuo=left 右you=right

*前qian=front *This represents a front view Qian/hou is usually proceeded by zai 在:

他在前面看书. He's in the front reading.. "Ta zai qian mian kan shu ."

.他住在学校的右边 "Ta zhu zai xuexiao de youbian. "He lives to the right of the school."


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jijie 季节 seasons

chuntian 春天 Spring

xiatian 夏天 Summer

qiutian 秋天 Fall

dongtian 冬天 Winter Sentence Pattern: Ni zui xihuan shenme jijie? 你

最喜欢什么季节? What's your favorite season?


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Clothing:Yifu 衣服 maozi 帽子 hat maoyi 毛衣 sweater dayi 大衣 coat yu yi 雨衣 rain coat neiyi 内衣 under clothes chenshan 衬衫 dress shirt kuzi 裤子 trousers/pants duanku 短裤 shorts wazi 袜子 socks

xiezi 鞋子 shoes shubao 书包 bookbag pibao 皮包 leather purse qian bao 钱包 wallet Sentence Pattern: Ni de yifu zai nar mai de?

你的衣服在哪儿买的? Where'd you buy your clothes?


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水果 Shuiguo ping guo 苹果 apple xiang jiao 香蕉 banana cheng zi 橙子 orange pu tao 葡萄 grapes xi gua 西瓜 watermelon cao mei 草莓 strawberry tao zi 桃子 peach mang guo 芒果 mango boluo 菠萝 pineapple ying tao 樱桃 cherry Sentence Pattern: Wo jiejie ai chi xigua. 我姐姐爱吃西瓜. My sister loves watermelon.


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Things in the Sky taiyang 太阳 sun yueliang 月亮 moon xingxing 星星 star diqiu 地球 Earth yun 云 clouds xingxing 行星 planet xingxi 星系 solar system Sentence Pattern: Tian shang you yueliang he xing xing. Yueliang liang liang de xing xing shan shan de. 天上有月亮和星星. 月亮亮亮的...星星闪闪的. The moon and stars are in the sky. The moon is bright and the stars twinkle.


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Vehicles

qiche 汽车 car

zi xing che 自行车 bike gong gong qi che 公共汽车 bus huo che 火车 train feiji 飞机 airplane chuan 船 boat xiao hua chuan 小划船 row boat lun chuan 轮船 ship jiu hu che 救护车 ambulance jiu huo che 救火车 fire engine Sentence pattern: Ni hui bu hui kai che? Do you know how to drive a car? 你会不会开车? Ni de feiji piao yijing mai le mei you? 你的飞机票已经买了没有? Did you buy your plane ticket yet?


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感情 GanQing/Thoughts/Feelings

gaoxing 高兴 happy! bu gaoxing 不高兴 not happy, upset xiwang 希望 hope, wish shiwang 失望 disappointed, let down ji de 记得 remember, recall wang le 忘了 forget, forgot xiang 想 miss pa 怕 scared, afraid shengqi 生气 angry, mad zhaoji 着急 nervous, worried Sentence Patterns 今天是她的生日. 她很高兴. Jintian shi ta de shengri. Ta hen gaoxing. Today is her birthday. She is very happy. 他叫什么名字? 我忘. Ta jiao shenme mingzi? Wo wang le. What is his name? I forgot it.

他不会游泳. 他害怕. Ta bu hui you yong. Ta pa shui. He doesn't know how to swim. He's afraid. 别着急...我们会想办法. Bie zhaoji...women hui xiang banfa. Don't worry...we'll find a way.


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Let's Start Talking Chinese! 你好! 你叫什么名字? 你多大? 你有什么爱好? ni hao! ni jiao shenme mingzi? ni duo da? ni you shenme ai hao? 你喜欢运动吗? 你喜欢看电影吗? ni xihuan yundong ma? Ni xihuan kan dianying ma? 你喜欢音乐吗? 你喜欢做什么? ni xihuan yinyue ma? nixihuan zuo shenme? 你忙不忙? 你饿不饿? 你累不累? ni mang bu mang? ni e bu e? ni lei bu lei? 你今天要/想做什么? ni jintian yao/xiang zuo shenme? 你喜欢学中文吗? 难不难学? ni xihuan xue zhongwen ma? nan bu nan? 你会不会写字? ni hui bu hui xie? 你要不要到我家来玩? ni yao bu yao dao wo jia lai wan? 请你到我家吃饭, 好不好? qing ni dao wo jia chi fan hao bu hao? 好! 谢谢! 什么时候? 几点钟? hao! xie xie! shenme shihou? jidian zhong? 你喜欢吃什么? 你喜欢吃中国菜吗? ni xihuan chi shenme? ni xihuan chi zhongguo cai ma?


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Weather tianqi 天气 Rain xia yu 下雨 Snow xiaxue 下雪 Sunny /clear qinglang 晴朗 cold leng 冷 hot re 热 windy da feng 大风 storm kuangfengdayu 狂风暴雨 Sentence pattern: 今天的天气很好...很晴朗. Jintian de tianqi hen haoi...hen qinglang. The weather is really nice (sunny and clear) today.

北京的冬天很冷.Beijing de dontian hen leng. Beijing winter's are cold.

夏天天气很热. Xiatian tianqi hen re .It's hot in the summer.


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Foods: cha 茶 tea niunai 牛奶 (cow's) milk jidan 鸡蛋 eggs mianbao 面包 bread miantiao 面条 noodles chaomian 炒面 fried noodles shucai 蔬菜 vegetables mifan 米饭 rice tang 汤 soup baozi 包子 steamed bun roubao 肉包 meat bun dianxin 点心 dessert Sentence: 这个菜很好吃...很新鲜. 我吃得很饱, 谢谢! zhege cai hen hao chi. hen xinxian. wo chi de hen bao xie,xie! This is delicious...very fresh. I'm very full...thank you.


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Basic Grammar Patterns: 是 shi 我是老师. Wo shi laoshi. I am the teacher.

们 men 我们, 你们, 他们 women, nimen, tamen

你们是学生. Nimen shi xuesheng You are the students.

的 de 他是我的同学.Ta shi wo de tongxue. He's my classmate.

比 bi 我比他大. Wo bi ta da.

(noun) zai (place) (verb) 他在美国学中文. 我们在饭店吃饭. 他在国图书馆看书. (noun) shi zai (place) (verb) de. 这本书是在中国买的. 他是在上海学的. 我是在北京来的. Common Verbs:


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chi 吃 to eat kan 看 to look at, read ting 听 to hear, listen to pao 跑 to run zuo 做 to do, or make mai/mai 买/卖 buy/sell xie 写 to write wan 玩 to play ("hang out")

la xiao tiqin 拉小提琴 play violin tan gangqin 弹钢琴 play the piano ti zuqiu 提足球 play soccer hua hua 画画 paint, draw chang ge 唱歌 sing tiaowu 跳舞 dance

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