Slide 1
Nhm 8 ti: ng dng ca enzyme trong cng ngh sn xut nc mmGV: PGS.TS
Ng Xun Mnh
STTH TnMSV1Ng Th Huyn Trang5612422Phm Th Thu Thanh5612233L Th
Hng Thy5612294Hong Th Vn5612575Trn Th Linh5611936V Th
Hng5611837Nguyn Th Linh5611928Li Th Nga5612029ng Th Nh
Qunh56122010Nguyn Th Hp561175I.M u Enzyme l cht xc tc sinh hc c bn
cht protein lm nhim v xc tc cho cc phn ng sinh ha xy ra trong c th
vi sinh vtEnzyme c ngun gc ng vt thc vt, v ch yu t vi sinh vtCng
ngh enzyme nh chng ta bit hin nay c s pht trin nhanh chng trong bn
thp nin va qua cng l nh s pht trin vt bc ca cng ngh sinh hc hin
i
II Ni DungA Gii thiu v nc mmH enzyme trong sn xut nc mm
Tng quan v enzyme protease
Protease l cht xc tc thy phn protein to thnh nhng phn t thp v cc
amino acid. Chng khng ch c ngha cho qu trnh sinh trng, sinh sn ca
mi sinh vt m cn ng vai tr rt quan trng trong cng ngh ch bin thc
phm, trong y hc, trong cng ngh gen v bo v mi trng.Ezyme protease l
enzyme thy phn cc lin kt pectid (-CO-NH-) trong phn t protein gii
phng cc acid amin, pepton hoc dittripepton.
H 2 N - CH - CO - NH - CH CO -- NH CH COOH + H20 R1 R2 RX
H 2 N - CH COOH + NH2 - CH CO -- NH CH COOH R1 R2 RX CTCT - Cu
trc bc bn ca phn t protein nh hng n qu trnh phn gii c cht di tc dng
ca cc protease. Dng monomer v dimer ca c cht d phn gii hn dng
tetramer.
Hnh .1.1 cu trc khng gian ca enzyme protease
Phn loi: Protease (peptidase) thuc phn lp 4 ca lp th 3
(E.C.3.4)
Peptidase (protease) ( E.C.3.4)Protease (peptidase) thuc phn lp
4 ca lp th 3 (E.C.3.4)Exopeptidase(E.C.
3.4.11-17)AminopeptidaseCaboxypeptydaseEdopeptidaseSerine
proteinase Systein proteinaseAspatic proteinaseMetallo proteinaseVi
enzym protease th c nhiu cch phn loi nhng ta ch da vo hai c im sau
phn loi chng:
-Exopeptidase: (Da vo v tr tc ng trn mch polypeptid,)-Endo
peptidase: (Da vo ng lc hc ca c ch xc tc) Ngoi ra: Enzyme protease
ni bo l nhng enzyme c tit ra t bn ngoi hoc ngoi bin mng protein v c
trch ly vo mi trng bng k thut trch ly.Enzyme protease ngoi bo c thu
nhn t qu trnh ln men hon tt hoc ngay qu trnh ln men ang din ra.- C
ch tc ng : E (enzym) + S (c cht) ES(hp cht trung gian)
Ngun thu nhn enzyme proteaseThc Vt: Bromelin thu nhn t cy da ,
Papain thu nhn t nha ca l, thn, qu u , Ficin thu c t nha cy
sung
Ngun thu nhn enzyme proteaseng vt : renet (rennin), pepsin,
trypsin
Ngun thu nhn enzyme protease:
Vi sinh vt: Nhiu vi sinh vt c kh nng sinh tng hp mnh protease.
Cc enzym ny c th trong t bo hoc tit ra mi trng nui cy.
C. Quy trnh sn xut nc mm - ch bin nc mm s dng protease vi sinh
vt.
D. Nhn t nh hng n qu trnh sn xut nc mm1, Nhit Nhit tng vn tc phn
ng tng, n mt nhit no s khng tng na v c th gim xung do nhit cao lm
cho h enzym serin-protease mt hot tnh.
2, pHpH mi trng t nhin t 5,5-6,5 enzym trypsin v pepsin hot ng
c, ng thi pH ny c tc dng c ch mt phn vi khun gy thi. V vy mi trng t
nhin c pH thch hp cho qu trnh sn xut nc mm hn.3, Lng mui4, Din tch
tip xc Mun phn ng xy ra nhanh phi c s tip xc tt gia enzym v c cht.
Cc enzym trong c tp trung nhiu ni tng, nn tng tc thy phn ngi ta tm
cch tng din tch tip xc gia enzym v tht c.5, Bn thn nguyn liu Nhng
loi c khc nhau, thnh phn ha hc v cu trc cng khc nhau, nht l h enzym
trong c v vy to ra loi nc mm c cht lng khc nhau.
PHN III: KT LUNNhn chung phng php ch bin nc mm theo phng php c
truyn nc ta cn th s, thi gian ch bin cn di (6-12 thng), hiu qu kinh
t thp. Chnh v vy, vic ng dng enzym protease trong sn xut nc mm thy
phn protein tht c mt cch nhanh chng to ra acid amin, rt ngn thi
gian sn xut, s dng hiu qu ngun nguyn liu v to thnh nc mm c hng v nh
nc mm truyn thng c nghin cu v ng dng rng ri trong v ngoi nc. Vic ng
dng enzym protease trong cng ngh sn xut nc mm c chia lm hai hng
Hng 1: To iu kin thch hp enzym protease c sn trong c hot ngphn
gii c mnh nht bng cch: tip nhit, iu khin qu trnh cho mui,
khuyo.
Hng th 2: B sung protease hoc cc vi sinh vt tng hp enzym
proteasengoi bo rt ngn thi gian thy phn c, nng cao hiu sut thy phn
thu hi mtrong nguyn liu.
c nhiu loi enzym protease c ng dng trong ch bin nc mm:papain,
bromelin, protease t nm mc Asp. Oryzae, vi khun Bacillus
subtilis.
PHN IV: TI LIU THAM KHO
Ngun Internet-
http://luanvan.net.vn/luan-van/bao-cao-enzyme-protease-va-ung-dung-trong-san-xuat-nuoc-mam-ngan-ngay-63827/-
http://doc.edu.vn/tai-lieu/de-tai-ung-dung-cua-protease-trong-cong-nghe-thuc-pham-10476/Ngun
ti liu-Bi ging cng ngh enzyme. PGS.TS Ng Xun Mnh-Kha lun tt nghip.
ti: Nghin cu vi sinh vt sinh protease chu kim, chu mn ng dng trong
sn xut nc mm. SVTH: Trnh Th Ngc, GVHD: Nguyn Vn Lm
Cm n Thy v cc bn lng nghe !
