Tren Duong Hoang Phap Cua Phat to Co Dam - Nguyen Van Hieu

8/3/2019 Tren Duong Hoang Phap Cua Phat to Co Dam - Nguyen Van Hieu

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Trn ng Hong PhpCa Pht T Gotama

Tm lc s tch v nhng cuc du hnh ca Pht t Thch-CaTrng-Quang Nguyn Vn Hiu

Ngunhttp://www.quangduc.com

Chuyn sang ebook 16-8-2009Ngi thc hin : Nam Thin [email protected] Audio Ti Website http://www.phatphaponline.org

Mc Lc

Hi hngLi gii thiuLi Ta- 01 - S-tch ca Pht-t GOTAMA (C-m)- 02

A. T Buddha-GayaB. T IsipaTana (Lc-Gi) n thnh Bnars (Ba-La-Ni)D. T Uruvela n thnh Rajagaha (Vng-X)

- 03 -E. T Rajagaha (Vng-X) sang Kapilavastu (Ca-B-La-V)F. T Kapilavastu (Ca-B-La-V) sang qua thnh Savatthi (X-V)

- 04 -G. Gi T Savatthi tr li RajagahaH. T Rajagaha tr li SavatthiI. T Savatthi sang qua KosambiJ. T Kosambi tr li SavatthiK. T Savatthi sang qua RajagahaL. T Rajagaha c-Pht tr li SavatthiM. c-Pht ng n VesaliN. c-Pht sang qua thnh RajagahaO. c-Pht sang qua thnh VesaliP. c-Pht t gi Vesali i Kusinara

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Hi hng

Cha Pht-Bo chn thnh tri n Qu Pht-T xa gn, hoan h nh my,xp kinh, ng h tnh ti gip cho quyn kinh "Trn ng Hong Php ca
http://phatphaponline.org/kinh/Audio/Thuyet%20Phap/Phat%20Su/http://phatphaponline.org/kinh/Audio/Thuyet%20Phap/Phat%20Su/


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Pht T Gotama" c ra mt ng ngy l Tam Hp nm 2540 ca cPht Gotama.

Nguyn cu oai lc ti cao ca Tam-Bo, hng gia h cho Qu v cngnhng ngi Thn-Thng trong Gia-nh c nhiu hnh phc, sc khett v vn s nh . Nhng Thn Nhn qu vng c th sanh v cnhgii Nhn-Thin.

Vi phc bu cao thng ny, cu xin cho Qu v trong vng lun hi, mikip sanh ln gp ngay Chnh Php ca ng Ton Tri, hu tin tu onghip sm thnh t o Qu Nit Bn V Sanh Bt Dit.

Ban Hong-PhpCha Pht-BoPagode Buddharatanarama3, Rue Broca91600 Savigny Sur OrgeFranceTel: 01 69 96 49 34

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Li gii thiu

i vi ngi Ty-Phng nhng th-k trc, c Pht Thch-Ca l mtnhn-vt huyn thoi v nhng cu chuyn v Pht-Gio l hoang ng.n cui th-k th 19, nhng cuc khai qut kho c tm thy cnhng di-tch v thch tr do Hong- A-Dc dng ln, 218 nm sau khic-Pht nhp Nit-Bn, c ghi khc nhiu chi tit lin quan n nhn vtlch-s ny. Nhng chi tit trong kinh sch c minh chng bi nhng

di-tch kho-c hc.

L Pht-t chng ta khng th khng tm hiu v cuc i c-Pht tlng knh m, hc hi gng lnh v n p cng-n. C tm hiu,chng ta mi cm thy thng knh v cng mt con ngi nh tt c chngta, sinh ra di mt ci cy, t lc gic ng di mt ci cy (B-)v vin tch di bng mt ci cy khc. Hu ht cuc i ca Ngi tri qua


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trong cnh thin nhin v trong lng mc mc du c iu kin sngtrong cung vng in ngc hay trong nhng ngi cha nguy nga lng-ly.Bn mi lm nm Hong-Php l bn mi lm nm nhit thnh tch cc cu , dn dt chng-sanh ra khi vng au kh lun-hi. m ch ngh4 ting, ngy khng ngng, chu du thuyt ging, n gi pht cui mc duhi tn, sc kit, vn c gng cu ngi o s xa l cui cng. Tht lmt i hy-sinh y cm-ng.

tng nh n ng cha lnh, nhn ngy i l VESAK 2540, k-nimba bin c trong i n-Sanh, Thnh-o v Nhp Nit-Bn ca Pht-TThch-Ca, chng ti xin php ti-bn quyn "Trn ng hong-php caPht-t GOTAMA" do C Trng-Quang Nguyn Vn Hiu, c Hi trngTng Hi Pht-Gio Nguyn-Thy Vit-Nam, bin son nm 1959 ti K-Vin T, Sign.

Xin a t qu Pht-t ng gp cng-c v tnh-ti hon thnh quynsch ny nht l v chng o-hu Ng Ngc Minh, B inh th Oanh, BDng th Bch-Tuyt v cc Thin tn cha Pht-Bo dy cng nhmy in ton, sp xp v in li thnh sch.

Xin thnh tm knh dng qu phc thanh cao do s php th ny n cc bcn-S Thy-T, Cu-Huyn Tht-T, cc v C-s tin bi, cc Ch-thinv Long thn H-php, cc chng-sanh trong ba gii bn loi, xin cho tt cu c an-vui hnh-phc trong ho-quang ca Chnh-Php.

Ban Hong-Php Pht-Gio Nguyn-ThyT-Khu C-MINHDng Lch 1997 - Pht-Lch 2540

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Li Ta

Cc bc V-Nhn ng-Phng lm vic chi cng ch v mu-cu li-chcho nhn-qun x-hi m hnh-ng. Danh thm ting tt lu li mun i,i vi cc Ngi, gi tr khng cao qu bng tinh-thn phc-v nhn-loi.Bi th cc bc Hin-trit -chu nh c-Pht Thch-Ca, c Khng-t,c Lo-t khng li mt trang lch-s no.


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i sng ca c-Pht Gotama (Thch-Ca), tri qua 80 nm trong vng th-k th 6 trc Gia-t, m c vang di n nay l nh thuyt khu-truynca gii Tng-gi. Nhng ti-liu lch-s y c khi chp, mt cch n-s v ri-rc trong nhiu b kinh, trn l Bi-a, li 100 nm trc k-nguyn Gia-t.

i ba trm nm sau, hng C-s da theo vit ra nhiu s-tch khcnhau; mi ni ty theo phong-tc tn-ngng, t-im thm nhiu mu schuyn-b thn-thoi, lm cho c-Pht, mt nhn-vt lch-s, tr thnh mtv thn-linh tru-tng trong gii siu-hnh.

Ti liu v lch-s c-Pht, trong Tam-Tng Pal, c xc-thc chng-minh bi nhng di-tch v thch-tr, do Hong- A-Dc dng ln, 218

nm sau khi c-Pht nhp Nit-Bn, c s Kho-C n- tm ra.Chng ti thu nht cc ti liu ri-rc trong kinh, trong cc bi ging cai-c Narada Maha Thera, trong bt k ca mt vi nh S Vit-Nam cdp i chim bi Pht-Tch ti n- v trong nhng sch kho-cu ca ccnh hc Pht u-chu v sp xp theo th t, cn-c theo phng lpli cc cuc hnh trnh ca c-Pht, trong 45 nm Hong-Php, trn lu-vc sng Hng v min k cn Hy-M-Lp-Sn.

pht ha con ng gian-trun cc-kh ca mt bc Hin-trit y nhn-ni, trn kip hy-sinh cho i, chng ti cn-c ni cc a-im ghi chptrong kinh sch v sp t theo v-tr a-d gn xa ca cc kinh-thnh mxa kia c-Pht chn n. V thi gian, chng ti cng phng-lpmt k-s i lc, lin-h vi nhng hot ng ca c-Pht v nhngvic tun-t xy ra trn ng chu-du ca Ngi; trong Tam-Tng chngc ghi chp nm, thng, ngy, gi no c-Pht ng ni y hoc sang nikhc.

Chng ti t ra nhng cu hi tin b nhn mnh vo mt vi im cnthit v nht l lu- cc bn thanh-nin Pht-t v nhng on ng ghi

nh cng nhn nh cho r-rt, hu lp-tm phc-v Pht-Php mt cchsng-sut.

Chng ti thy cn phi ci m nhng thc-mc v hoi-nghi ca cc bnthanh-nin v danh-t "Php Thn-Thng", m ch cc php l m i khic-Pht phi dng n cm phc ngi ngoi o cng nh cu nhng k lm nn. y khng phi l mt iu d-oan, m l mt vic


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thng thng ca cc bc tin n trnh cao-siu v trit-thunhng b-n ca v-tr. Vi phng-php ch qun, Minh-st trong mnthin nh, mi ngi c th khai thng trc-gic v t c cc php munhim nh: thy xa ngn dm, nghe xa ngn dm, c t-tng ngi khc,tng hnh i dng, i trn khng-gian hoc s-dng theo mun nhngnguyn-t tinh-thn vt l. Khoa-hc, tuy cha tin sau vo lnh-vc tinh-thn, nhng cng ch-to nhng my mc ti-tn thu thanh, truynhnh, tu bay, ha tin, vv..., m trc kia chng ai tin-tng rng loi ngic th tin b n mc hin gi. Cng nh th y, khi cha ai t c kt-qu thin nh nh c-Pht v -t ca Ngi, hoc nh cc bc tu-chngtrong o-gio khc, th cng khng ai tin ni cc php thn-thng, nhngkhi ngi no t c kh-nng s-dng nhng tim-lc su kn ca v-tr, ngi y s khng ly lm l.

Sau cng chng ti mong c Ch Pht-t gn xa ch dy nhng khuyt-im hoc nhng sai lm, chng ti sa cha li cho quyn sch thm

phn hon b.

K-Vin-T, Si-Gn21-11-1959

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- 01 - S-tch ca Pht-t GOTAMA (C-m)

1- Ai l V Gio-ch ca o-Pht?

Chnh l c-Pht Gotama (C-m). Tn-hiu ngi ta thng dng lPht Sakya-Muni, m-tri qua ging Vit-Nam l Thch-Ca Mu Ni hayThch-Gi Mu Ni, ngha l Bc Tr-Tu ca dng Thch-Ca.

2- Pht l ngi nh th no?

c-Pht l ngi bin-ha n mc ton thin, ton m v t tm ra nhsng chn-l, thu r nh-lut cu-hp thin nhin ca vn-vt, cho nnkhng cn b di quyn chi-phi ca nh-lut y na, tc l c honton gii-thot khi vng sanh-t lun-hi. T mnh gii thot ri, c-Phtcn mt ngha-v thing-ling l hng dn chng sinh theo Ngi n ni


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an-vui tuyt i, ni khng cn kh, khng cn sanh, gi, au, cht gi lNit-Bn.

3- Pht phi l mt v Tri khng?

Khng, Pht cng l ngi nh chng ta nhng l mt ngi c nht vnh, c mun triu c nm mi gp c mt ngi nh th.

4- Ngi tn h l chi?

Tn ca Ngi l Siddhattha (S-t-Ta). H ca Ngi l Gotama (C-m).

5- Thn-sinh ca Ngi l ai?

Vua Suddhodana (Tnh-Phn-Vng) v Hong-hu Maya (Ma-da). Hong-hu sanh Thi-t Siddhattha dc by ngy ri thng-h; nh b Th-huMahapajapati hay Gotami l d rut sn-sc nui dng n trng thnh.

6- Dn chng di quyn cai-tr ca Vua Suddhodana thuc v dn no,dng no?

Dn n-, dng Sakya (Thch-Ca), thuc ging Ariya da trng u-Chuv -Chu, gn dn Latins (), Germans (c) v Slaves (T-Lp-Phu).

7- Nc ca Vua Suddhodana u?

? ng-Bc n-, di chn Hymalaya (Hy-M-Lp-Sn), Kinh- lKapilavastu (Ca-B-La-V), trn b sng Robini, cch thnh Bnars 150cy s v hng Bc.

8- Hong-t Siddhattha ra i lc no?

ng ba trng trn ngy th 6 thng Vesakha (Nhm thng Nm dng-

lch hoc thng T m-lch, nm Tut). Cch y 2.582 nm trc knguyn Gia-t 623 nm (1.959 + 623).

9- Lc Hong-t Siddhattha ra i c im chi l?

C. Chnh cc thy B-La-Mn lm quc-s v chim tinh gia trong tro bo trc im lnh; Hong-t Siddhattha s tr thnh mt v i Hong-,


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thng tr cc x. Bng nh Hong-t xut-gia tm o. Ngi s tr thnh mtv Pht, mt nh sng cho th-gian.

10- Cn im lnh no na chng?

Cn. Thu y mt v o-s tn Asita, ng n-tu trn Hy-M-Lp-Sn,on bit c qu-nhn ra i, lin h sn n thnh Kapilavastu, xin ra mtv Hong-t s-sinh. Va gp Hong-t, v o-s y cung knh ci ly vni rng mt ngy kia Hong-t s thnh ng V-Thng Chnh-Gic vlm thy hng dn Ch-Thin v nhn-loi trn ng gii-thot. Ri vo-s khc-lc tc ti, bun ti phn gi, khng th sng n thi kHong-t c qu Pht nh Ngi t .

11- Khi nghe li tin-tri ca o-s Asita, Vua Suddhodana c t v vui

thch khng?

Khng. Tri li vua cha tm mi phng-php ngn nga khng choHong-t xut-gia bi Ngi mun cho con tr thnh mt v -Vng hngcng, tr v thin h.

12- Vua Suddhodana dng phng-php chi cm gi Hong-tSiddhattha?

Khi Hong-t ln ln, vua cha khng cho la cung ni, ra lnh nghim-nhtkhng ai c php th-l cho Hong-t thy bit nhng s bun thm,

bnh-tt v nhng cnh au kh, t-bit trong i. Ngy ngy, Hong-tsng gia yn-tic, ca-xang; ht cuc vui ny n tr vui khc, lm choHong-t say-m, khng quan-tm lo ngh n th-s. Ngoi ra cn c nhiudanh-s chuyn dy vn chng v-ngh, rn-luyn cho Hong-t c ti

ba li-lc.

n lc trng thnh, vua cha to cho Hong-t ba ta cung in thch hpvi ba ma trong x: Ma nng, ma lnh v ma ma. Bn trong cung-in

c trang hong cc-k sang-trng; bn ngoi c vn thng uyn rngln bao la, cy ci sum-s, bng hoa mu, h sen, sui nuc v nhiuthng cnh vui-p lm cho Hong-t cng say-m cuc i vng-gitrong ci tui xun-xanh m-mng.

13- Hong-t sng ni y mt mnh tr-tri hay sao?


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Khng. trnh cnh n-c, khng thch-hp vi -nh ca hong-triu,vua cha chn la gia hng cng tn, nhng trai ti y hy-vng v tng-lai, hng ngy vui sng bn cnh Hong-t.

n khi va c 16 tui, Vua cha ci cho Hong-t nng Cng-chaYasodhara (Da-Du--La), con vua Suppabuddha v Hong-hu Amita (Bny l em rut ca Vua Suddhodana, tc l c rut ca Hong-t) ca xDevadaha k-cn, li cn cp cho mt on cung-phi tr tui yu-kiudim-l, rnh ngh ca-xang nhc v.

14- Gia i sng cc k vui sng nh th y, c sao Hong-t li nysanh t-tng chn i?

Lc do chi trong vn thng uyn, tnh c c mc-kch bn hin

tng phi-thng, Hong-t cht tnh thy r tnh trng kh-no ca isng th-gian.

15- Bn hin tng y nh th no?

a) Mt ngi gi qun-qui di s tn-ph suy-nhc ca xc-thn.b) Mt ngi au kh v bnh l-li cng khp thn-th.c) Mt t-thi snh-nhy hi-thi gm nhm.d) Mt v thy tu.

16- Xin tng thut bn hin tng y?

a) Mt ngy n, Hong-t i do chi trong vn thng uyn, bng gpmt ng gi thn hnh cn da bc xng, khom lng, chng gy, hai chnrun-ry, bc ti nng nhc, t v ngi tn-t di sc nng ca tui gi.Hong-t ly lm ngc-nhin (v cha tng thy), ku tn xa-phu hi:

Ka Channa (Xa-Nt), ngi g k l vy?

- Channa tr li: Tu Hong-t, y l mt ngi gi.

Ngi y sinh ra vi hnh th nh vy sao?

- Tu lnh Ngi, trc kia ngi y cng trng kin, tng-tn, khe-mnhnh Ngi.


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Cn nhiu ngi gi nh ng y chng?

- Tu Ngi, c rt nhiu.

Ti sao ng ny phi lm vo tnh-trng bun thm nh vy?

- y l nh-lut thin-nhin, dnh chung cho nhn-loi; ht lc xun-thitrng-kin, n tui gi-yu suy-nhc, da nhn, m hp, mt l, tai ic,lng mi, gi dn.

Ta y cng s gi nh vy sao, Channa?

- Cng vy, tu Ngi.

Cu tr li ca Channa nh mnh vo tm-tr ca Hong-t, lm cho Ngingc-nhin kinh-s, lng thinh suy-ngh. T nh n ln cha tng gp mtthm-cnh no khu gi trng-hung bi-quan ca s-phn loi ngi nnh th, nn Hong-t bun-b, bo Channa quay xe tr v cung-ni.

b) Mt thi-gian sau, cng trong mt cuc du-ngon trong vn thng-uyn, Hong-t gp mt ngi b gh chc, l-li cng mnh, rn sit kh-s.

Channa cng gii thch cho Hong-t bit thn ngi l ni pht-sanh rtnhiu th bnh-tt v mi ngi bt lun tr gi, sang hn, khng ai trnhkhi c.

Nghe qua, Hong-t pht gh-tm ci xc-thn v bt u chn-nn cuci. T , Hong-t khng cn vui th dc-tnh, ngy m lo ngh tmkim phng-php dit-tr s gi v s au.

c) Sau mt thi-gian na, Hong-t gp mt t-thi snh-nhy ni cnhng.

Ln ny cng nh Channa vch r cho Hong-t thy ci cht l mc cuicng ca con ngi. T thng dn n vua cha, khi ra i u phi tinln n ch cht, khng ai trnh khi v cng khng ai bit c mnh scht gi hay cht tr.

Hong-t gn hi Channa: Ta y cng s cht hay sao?


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- Tu Ngi, trong hon-v ny, khng mt ai thot khi tay t-thn. NuNgi cho php ti ni s tht, ti xin tu rng: Mt ngy kia, Ngi cng scht nh mi ngi th-gian.

Li qu quyt ca Channa lm cho Hong-t khng cn ng-vc, lin hiquay xe tr v hong-cung. em ht tm tr suy-tng n ci gi, ci au,ci cht, Hong-t kt-lun: ch-li g ci i vinh-quang oanh-lit ca nhvua, nu nhng chui ngy hnh-phc chn lu son in ngc s a ta nch gi au, cht? hi! i ngi tht l khn kh, tm u cho ra conng dit-kh? T khng gi khc no Hong-t xao lng vic tmkim con ng dit-kh.

d) Mi mt c tinh-thn tr-no m tm cng khng ra li thot, Hong-t

bo Channa b xe th-thn trn nhng con ng xa xm u-tch ca vnthng-uyn. Ngi trn xe m tm-tr vn ch vo mc gii-thot khicnh gi, au, cht. Bng nhin, trc mt Hong-t xut hin mt o-sdu-phng, phong- uy-nghim, sc-din trm tnh di b o nu sng.Hong-t cht tnh, lnh-hi im lnh, bit rng y l con ng duy-nht

phi tri qua khm ph nguyn nhn tri-ct con ngi trong ch gi,au, cht.

(Theo kinh sch, im ng-hin ny, cng nh ba im trc, do nng lcsu kn ca cc php Ba-La-Mt m Hong-t thc hnh trong nhiukip, t nhin xut-hin lm tr duyn gip Hong-t t tnh xut-gia chokp thi. Theo mt ngun ti-liu khc, th bn cuc gp-g ni trn xyra trong khi Hong-t xin php vua cha i do chi ngoi bn ca thnh.Thuyt ny khng hp vi bao nhiu c-gng ca Vua Suddhodana cmgi Hong-t trong cung-ni v s Hong-t gp nhng kh cnh ngoi i,chn-nn i tu).

T Hong-t nht nh xut-gia tm o.

17- Hong-t hy sinh c mt i sng vng-gi c sao?

Trnh tin-ha ca mt v B-Tt hy-sinh nhiu kip vi ch-nguyn i, khng th tng-tng c. Ngi tng b-th ti-sn, v con, taimt, mu tht v thn mng, t V-lng kip em li hnh-phc chochng-sanh, th s chi ngi vng, in ngc, v p, hu sinh trong mt tn-tung m Ngi tng din i, lp li, trn con ng phiu-bt gia ci


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lun hi. Bi th B-Tt Siddhattha dt b nhng nhn-vt thng yu mtcch d-dng. Nu gm Tr-Tu ca Ngi cha sc-bn th kip ny cha

phi l kip cht thnh-cng c-qu.

18- Trn cha, la v, Hong-t h chng phi l ngi tht-hiu, bc-tnh?

Khng th da ni tnh-thng ch-k ca cha i vi con, v i vichng, m khp cho Hong-t ci ti tht-hiu, bc-tnh.

Lng t-bi ca mt v B-Tt bao trm c mun loi vn-vt. Tnh-thngbnh-ng mi gi l chn-tht v hy-hu. V li, B-Tt ch tm-bit gia-nh mt thi-gian, khi thnh-cng c-qu tr v cu- gia-nh quyn-thuc. Cng chng v s vng mt tm thi y m cha gi, v yu, con th

phi i kh, m gi Hong-t l ngi tht-hiu, bc-tnh.

19- Hong-t trn ra i bng cch no?

Gia m trng trn ca ngy rm thng 6 nm Mo, trong lc mi ngi angic, Hong-t s ln vo phng nhn v, xem con, ri tr ra nh thcChanna, bo thng nga Kanthaka (Kin-trc), thy tr ra i khng ai hay

bit.

20- Lc y Hong-t Siddhattha c my tui?

Hong-t va c 29 tui.

21- Hong-t i v hng no?

Hong-t i v hng ng-Nam, thng n bn kia b sng Anoma, dngnga ly gm ct tc, ci trang phc bn ngoi, giao cho Channa, bo trv Kapilavastu yu cu Vua cha v Cng-cha Yasodhara an tm cho

Ngi i tm o. Sau khi Channa ln nga tr v, Hong-t li b sng

Anoma by ngy, tnh-ta gia cnh u-tnh, rt vui thch c tin mt bcu trn ng xut-gia. Ri sau khi i y-phc cho mt ngi o-s, Ngiln ng ln bc n Rajagaha (Vng-X thnh), kinh- ca xMagadha (M-Bit-).

(T y ngi ta gi Hong-t l Sa-mn Gotama, hay B-Tt Siddhattha,trong lc Ngi cha thnh Pht).


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22- B-Tt Siddhattha n Rajagaha lm g?

Gn thnh Rajagaha c hai thy B-la-mn tn Alara v Uddaka ni danh lbc Tr-Tu siu phm, nn B-Tt n xin th-gio vi hai v danh-s y.

23- Hai thy B-la-mn y dy nhng chi?

Hai thy dy phi tm gi linh-hn bng kinh-k, cng t v mi cch hnh-l cu xin n-hu ca Thng- cho c gii-thot.

24- Sa-mn Gotama c cho tn-ch y l chn-chnh khng?

Ban-s B-Tt c-gng hc tt-c gio-l ca hai v B-La-Mn v tinh-tnthc-hnh nhng khng thy tin c bc no n mc ch gii-thot.

25- Khng c toi nguyn B-Tt i tm o ni u na?

B-Tt cn i th-gio vi nhiu o-s khc, trong vng k cn Rajagaha,hc tu kh-hnh dit tr i-dc phin-no. Hc xong B-Tt vo n-dttrong mt khu rng tch-mch, ti lng Uruvela v ht sc kin-nhn, giammnh trong mi php hnh thn hoi th, cc k kh s. Ting n Ngi lBc Thnh-nhn, nn c nm ngi ng tu kh hnh nh Ngi n xemcho bit. Thy tn mt h em lng knh-phc, cho rng B-Tt Gotama thtl ngi c tinh-thn cng rn v can-m trong php kh-hnh. H tin-tng mt ngy kia B-Tt s thnh-cng c qu chng sai, nn xin li, mong s c lm mn- ca B-Tt.

26- Nm Thy y tn chi?

Tn:

- Kondanna (Kiu-Trn-Nh hay Ha-Kh)- Bhaddiya (Bt- hay Tiu-Hin)- Vappa (Thc-Lc hay Khi-Kh)- Mahanama (Ma-Nam hay i-Danh)- Assaji (t-B hay M-S hay M-Thng).

Thng gi l nhm nm Thy Kiu-Trn-Nh.


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27- B-Tt Gotama ti rng Uruvela bao lu?

Gn su nm. Sc lc cng ngy cng suy-nhc, thn th gy cm, do snhn n, thc m, thc ngy, mt-mi r-lit nhng khng thi chuyn.Mt m n, B-Tt i kinh-hnh mc-tng, t qu cht gic v kit sc.

Nm Thy Kiu-Trn-Nh tng B-Tt cht nhng mt chp sau Ngitnh li.

28- B-Tt cn tip tc tu kh-hnh na khng?

Khng. Ngi thy php kh-hnh khng em li thnh-cng v gii-thot ... c-gng liu thn n cng, m vn khng t c mc-ch,cng khng thy tin ha v mt tinh-thn, B-Tt nht nh b li hnh xc

v bt u n ung tr li nh thng. Nm Thy Kiu-Trn-Nh thy vycho rng B-Tt thi-ch ng-lng, nn b ra i ni khc, khng cn tin-tng ni Ngi na.

29- ni rng B-Tt l bc Tr-Tu, sao cng lm-lc theo m-tn?

Chng phi vy. Tin nhng iu chi m-m, v cn-c, khng ng vichn-l, m vn c tin, c thc-hnh mi gi l m-tn.

Sa-mn Gotama l ngi tht tm gii-thot, khng bao gi tin bng, nghecng, cng chng h t trn tin-tng ni mt tn-gio no trc khinghin-cu v thc hnh chu o. Nghe ni u c danh-s, du ng sxa xi him tr. B-Tt cng tm n hc o v trong khi hc, Ngi em ttc tinh-thn ngh-lc, kin-nhn suy-tm chn-l tn ni huyn-vi su-kn,dng Tr-Tu suy-xt v thc-nghim o-php nhn-nh chnh-t; nhth chng phi l m-tn. B-Tt Siddhattha l ngi duy-nht c-cngkho-cu v thc-hnh tt c o-gio trong thi k Ngi i tm o. Nhch kin-nhn m Ngi khng lm-lc v cng nh Tr-Tu xt on nn

Ngi mi tm ra chn-l.

30- n u cng khng c toi-nguyn B-Tt c thi-ch ng lngchng?

Khng. kinh-nghim bao nhiu php cu-khn, cng-t, hnh-xc mkhng c k s-nguyn, by gi B-Tt nh t vch ly con ng tin-ha sng-kin ca mnh. B kh-hnh, B-Tt p-dng phng-php thu-


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thc Lc-cn, ch-ng dc-vng. ng thi nh cnh c-c, c tnh tman-tr, B-Tt khai thng nhng kinh-nghim sn c v lm pht-trin nhngtim-lc siu-vit bn trong.

Mt m n, B-Tt thy triu-chng sp thnh-cng c-qu. Sng ngyB-Tt xung sng Niranjara (Ni-Lin) tm ra sch-s, ri th mt bacm sa ca nng Sujata. Nng ny, trc kia c khn-vi vi v Th-thn,xin c gp mt ngi chng va- v sanh c mt trai u lng. Likhn-vi y thnh-tu nn sm mt mm cm nu sa ti em ra cyc-th cng tr l cho v Th-thn. Trng thy B-Tt ng ngi trm-tmc-tng di ci cy, nng tng rng v Th-thn ng-hin nn thnh-tm em cm dng cng cho B-Tt.

Sau khi th-thc, B-Tt thy trong mnh khe-mnh phi-thng. Trn ngy

B-Tt ngi trn b sng tham-thin qun-tng. Chiu li, Ngi n ciB- k-cn, ngi xy mt v hng ng v nht-nguyn khng la khini y trc khi c o-qu.

Chnh di ci B- ny, B-Tt Siddhattha chin thng v-vang trn giccui cng ht sc kh-khn.

31- Trn gic th no m gi kh-khn?

a) Tht-tnh lc-dc l nhng bm-th thin-nhin, hng a con ngi nsa-a iu-linh. B-Tt lun lun thu-thc, -nn, khng cho cc tt ychi phi nn trong thi gian xut-gia tm o, nhng bm-th c hu bntrong, ta h nh b dit tn gc r; chng d trong giai-on ch-yuny, bao nhiu th-dc v khuynh-hng v th-gian, by lu n-khutim-bt trong tim-thc, thnh-lnh lp-le phn-ng, gy ra mt bc tngchng-ngi kin-c. V th B-Tt phi quyt-lit chin u vi Dc-LuPhin-No ny (Kamsava).

b) Sau mi gic th nht xut hin mt lot o-gic bc-l nhng ho-thch

v cc lc-th tng nm tri, kch-thch s mn-tic v mong-c csng cho lu di, tn-hng mi-v hng-trn. Bit c s tham sngl ci r, nhn-sanh ra bn-thn ny v cng l ngun gc ca mi s kh-no dnh lin vi thn, B-tt gom thn-lc Tr-Tu, ty-tr nhng trn-cu, lu i chng-cht, tch-tr trong tm-khm ca Ngi. y gi l Ti-Sanh Lu Phin-No (Bhavsava).


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c) K tip xut hin trong tm B-Tt mt mn-nh rt linh-ng: No l lccao, tc-trng, thanh-danh, uy-quyn, giu sang, vinh-hin, i-tnh, dc-lc,hnh-phc, gia-nh cho n tt c nhng th-v, nhng vui-sng cangi c c-bit u-i trn th-gian nh B-Tt, u lin-tip biu-hinnhng tranh-cnh rt cm-d, lm cho B-Tt b cm-kch, xiu-lng, tn-thi lng-nan. y gi l V-Minh Lu Phin-No (Avijjsava). Cht nhli li cng-quyt th-nguyn "Th cht hn l t b mc-ch gii-thot".Sa-mn Gotama lin vn-dng tt-c tim-lc Tr-Tu phi-thng, hng-dng chin-u v ton thng trn gic-lng rt gh-tm c-nghit.

Sau khi nhng du vt cui cng ca ba Php Trm-lun bn trong cdt-khot t?y-tr th s vng-lng su-kn ca Nit-Bn trn-ngp cilng, B-Tt nng Tr-Tu ln t nc Gic-Ng n nh Tu-Gic Vin-Minh tuyt-i. Mn V-Minh b x tan, Ngi t c mc ch cu-

cnh, chng qu Ton-Gic thnh mt v V-Thng Ch-Tn, mt V Pht.

32- Ngy gi no B-Tt thnh Pht v lc y Ngi c my tui?

Trn chin u cui cng thng mi vi-t phin-no bn trong va chmdt th tri va sp ti, trng rm thng Vesakha l mc, rng t chn tri.Chnh trong m trng trn thng Vesakha y, B-Tt Siddhattha chngqu v Chnh-ng Chnh-Gic nhm nm Du, ngy th t k ti nay c2.547 nm (1959 + 623 - 35). Lc y Ngi c 35 tui.

33- Xin gii r th no gi l c qu V Pht?

Nh trau-di Tr-Tu sc bn, do php Thin-nh Minh-st, B-Tt tn-ditgc r phin-no vi-t trong tim-thc, khng cn mt chng ngi no chen, nn tm-thn thanh-thot, sng-sut cng sng-sut thm. Thng ctrn gic lng ri, trong canh mt B-Tt dng Tu-Gic soi thy trong mikip lun-hi, t gn n xa, Ngi sanh ni u, lm chng-sanh cnh-gii no, cha, m, v, con l ai. Tu-Gic thu r tin kip ca mnh gi lTc-Mng-Minh (Pubbenivasanusatinna).

Qua canh hai, B-Tt dng Tu-Gic soi cng khp ba-gii bn-loi thychng-sanh b trm-lun trong su no lun-hi (Tri, Ngi, Sc-sanh, A-tu-la, Ng-qu, a-ngc) do s gy nhn to-nghip (nhn qu bo ng).Tu-Gic ny gi l Thin-Nhn-Minh (Cutuppatanna).


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Qua canh ba, B-Tt dng Tu-Gic quan-st i sng ca chng-sanh thur php T- (Catu-riyasacca) l bn iu chn-tht v:

- Ci Kh trong i- Nhn sanh Kh- S Dit-Kh- Phng-php Dit-Kh.

Tu-Gic ny gi l Asavakkhaynna (Lu-Tn-Minh).

c c ba ci Tu-Gic ni trn, B-Tt thu r ci nh-lut cu-to suloi chng-sanh trong ba ci: (Dc-Gii, Sc-Gii, V-Sc-Gii) nn khngcn dnh-mc trong nh-lut y tc l hon-ton gii-thot khi vng sanh-t lun-hi. T y B-Tt chng-qu V Pht cng gi l o-qu Nit-

Bn V-sanh Bt-dit.

34- B-Tt Gotama thnh Pht ri, cn trong rng Uruvela bao nhiungy?

T nay khng cn dng hai ch B-Tt na bi B-Tt (Bodhisatta) cngha l chng-sanh c Tr-Tu. Khi chng-sanh y thnh Pht ri ta phidng danh-t Pht Gotama (Buddha Gotama) hay Pht Thch-Ca Mu-Ni(Buddha Sakya Muni).

Trong lch-s c ch ni rng: c-Pht li rng Uruvela by tun nht(49 ngy), c ch ni Ngi bn tun (28 ngy).

a) Sau khi t c chn-l ri, c-Pht nhp i-nh trn by ngy dici B-. Qua ba th tm Ngi n Tnh-ta di cy Ajapla (cy dng)gn suy-ngh v o qu m Ngi chng-ng. Ngi thy chn-lem li hnh-phc ti cao nhng rt kh t. Ch c bc Minh-trit, i-hng i-lc mi tu chng c. Nhn-loi ng xao-xuyn theo bn-nngch bit vui thch trong vng trn-tc, nn khng th nhn-thc c lut

Tun-hn, lut Nhn-qu: kh hp-th c gio-l ca Nh-Lai, bi gio-l y bt-buc phi xa-lnh th-s, thng-phc dc-vng luyn-i mi tinc trn ng gii-thot.

b) Ngh nh th c-Pht do d ri xt li thy cn phi em o-php rach dy cho ngi i bng mt ng li r-rt v gin-d, ty cn-c vduyn nghip, mi ngi c th thu r c t nhiu chn-l. Ch c


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phng-php y mi ph- c chng-sanh v cho h c quyn bnh-ng t-do trn ng tu-hc. l -nh ca c-Pht v phng cchHong-php -sanh.

35- Nghe rng c-Pht c mt k cu-ch eo theo ph-khuy, nhiu-hi, k l ai?

Ngi xa hay dng th-d, ng-ngn cng ngha bng ct yu t-imthm v huyn-b cho nhng on lch-s ca v Gio-ch. Nhiu kinh schcha y s-tch thn-thoi, khng thch-hp vi i nay li cn lm chothng-tn gi-tr ca nn o-gio cao-siu ca c-Pht. Ngi ta munche-y nhng s tht xy ra, chng qua l s gim uy-tnh v thanh-danh ca bc Ch-tn. V ngi ta tru-tng mt con qu lm kcu-ch ca c-Pht. Con qu y c t tn l Ma-Vng. Ty trng

hp Ma-Vng c nhiu ngha:

- Ma-Vng l tng-trng ca th-tnh bn-nng, tt-xu, khuynh-hngtheo i, mi s kh-no, phin-mun, tham-mun

- Ma-Vng l nhng g ct tri con ngi trong vng sanh-t lun-hi,trong bin kh trm-lun

- Ma-Vng l T-thn, l cha ca ci tri th su trong Dc-gii gi lci T-ti bin-ha

- Ma-Vng ng vai tr tng-tr nh Sa-tng bn Thin-cha gio. c-Cha Jsus b Sa-tng cm d trong bi sa-mc nh th no, di ci B-,c-Pht Gotama b Ma-Vng cm d mung-tng nh th y

36- Lc no c-Pht cm thng Ma-Vng?

Lc hong-hn, trc gi thnh o, B-Tt Siddhattha chin u dpyn trn gic lng (Nh ghi chp ni cu gii s 30 on a v b).

37- Xin cho bit c-Pht cm thng Ma-Vng nh th no?

Di ta : "c-Pht cm thng Ma-Vng" sch ghi rng: c bo tinnguy-cp, k th khng dung th c l Sa-mn Gotama sp thnh Pht,Ma-Vng cp-tc huy-ng mt ngn ngi con v cc tng-soi rn-rko binh bao-vy B-Tt. Mt o binh gh-tm, cha tng nghe, cha tng


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thy ton l nhng qui-vt k-hnh, d-tng, li di, nanh nhn, mt la,nhm khng tay, nhm c ngn tay, nhm khng u, nhm c ngn u, loi yu-qui, c l mang s ngi, l khc phun ra nhng rn c, nhm thx , ln cy, x tn, nhm lm ma, lm sm-st, vn-dng ton-lc, ch-st cho c v Sa-mn c-c ng tnh-ta di ci B-. Ma-Vng ch huy c-sut nhng binh-ma tng-qu chng h va ng tichn lng ca B-Tt. Cc php Ba-la-Mt v lng t-bi V-lng ca Ngilm mt hng ro kin-c, bo v Ngi bnh-an v-s. Tn bn vo nhma, mi no cng t u v tr thnh nhng a hoa ti p nm ngn-ngang chung quanh Ngi.

38- Lc no c-Pht b ba nng con gi ca Ma-Vng cm-d?

t-im cu gii 30 on C trn y, ngi ta thut rng sau khi tht bi

trong trn t kch v Sa-mn C-m, Ma-Vng sai ba ngi con gi ncm-d B-Tt, ngh rng kh-gii khng thng c v thy tu c-c, c l

ba-m ca sc p s lm xiu lng v ny mt cch d-dng. Ba nng kium tn Tanha (i-Dc), Arati (Tnh-yu), Raga (Tham-i) vng lnh Chan tru gho B-Tt. Sc-phc v trang-im lng-ly, ba c ca-ht, manhy, trng lic, r-r; ngi th khu-chc, ngi li t v bn-ln thn-thng. Bao nhiu ngh-thut khu gi dc-tnh chng h lm rung ng B-Tt (Theo sch khc, ba nng ny n quyn-r c-Pht trong tun l thnm sau khi Ngi c o).

39- Lc no Ma-Vng thnh c-Pht nhp Nit-Bn?

Chnh lc c-Pht ng suy-ngh thy gio-l ca Ngi cao-siu, khhiu, kh hnh, kh cho ngi i hp th c (Xem cu gii s 33 ona). Lc y Ma-Vng bit c tm Pht ng bn-khon v vn Hong-php, chen vo yu cu Ngi nhp Nit-Bn an ngh, bi chng-sanhngu-mui khng th cu c. Ma-Vng lo s chng-sanh siu thottheo Pht, m trn-gian khng cn ai thng-tr.

40- Lc no Tri Phm-Thin n thnh c-Pht khai o cu i?

K tip thy c-Pht do d (xem gii cu 33 on b) Vua tri Phm-ThinBrahma Sahampati xung yu cu Pht-T m rng ca Chn-l cho chng-sanh nh.


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41- S tht rt gin-d m ngi ta li by v thm nhiu chuyn phi-thng, t cng do mt duyn c no?

Trong i thng-c, dn-chng x no cng tin-tng ni thn-quyn,chuyn mt h ba t ra mi, truyn khu i ny qua i khc, sau li ccnh vit sch "Thnh-nhn Lit-truyn" ch da theo tc-truyn trong dn-gian, ri ty thch t-im cho thch hp vi tn-ngng ca thi-i. Chnhcc nh vit sch y cng ng mt khuynh hng thn-thoi ca thi-iy. Ch c nhng c-truyn do cc v T-Khu, mt thy, tai nghe, vit li th vn-tt v gin-d nhng b xem nh l kh-khan th-thin. Chnhtrong thi-i vn-minh khoa-hc ny cng cn nhiu dn tc gi vng ctin theo hc thuyt thn-quyn, yu chung trit-l siu-hnh hn chng-cthit-thc.

42- Sau khi quyt-nh em o gii thot ra ch dy cho chng-sanh, c-Pht cn suy tnh chi na?

c-Pht cn tnh-ta dc ci cy Ajapala v di nhiu cy c-th khctrong vng Uravela thm ba tun l na thng-thc hnh-phc ti ica o-qu Nit-Bn v suy ngh v phng-cch m o. Trn 28 ngy,nh ta-hng lc-th gii-thot. c-Pht khng bit i kht. Qua ngyth 29, Ngy nh ra i truyn o v m li tuyn-minh rng: "T nay caChn-l rng m, ai c tai c nghe li thuyt-gio ca Nh-Lai v trni hnh theo".

43- Trn bn tun-nht khng n-ung, c-Pht cng ra i c sao?

Va lc y c mt on xe 500 c t x Ukala (nay thuc a phn tnhGrandjm), thuc min Nam, ch hng ha ln min Bc nh Bay,Rajagaha, Vsali va n a-phn lng Uruvela, c nhiu xe b trc-trc, cith sc bnh, ci th b ln ct, ci th b b chng khng chu i ti, lm chomi ngi lo s, khng bit im lnh d. Hai ngi li-bun, ch ca onxe tn Tapussa (Sa-L-Ph-Ba) v Bhallika (Bc-L-Ca) nhy xung ro

bc xem coi c vic chi bt thng chng. Hai ngi cht thy c-Phtng tnh-ta dc ci cy Tryana, ho-quang ta sng nh mt tri banmai, h nh-tnh tinh-thn v ni vi nhau: y l mt v Thnh-nhn vgi ny c l Ngi cng sp th-trai, vy chng ta nn em vt-thc cng-dng cho Ngi. Tapussa v Bhallika tr li xe ly mn thc-phm nu mtv ma rc, n gn mp ly di chn c-Pht v sau khi i ba vng


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quanh c-Pht, ng chp tay cung knh bch: Xin c Th-Tn xungphc th nhn vt-thc chng ti em n dng cng cho Ngi.

44- c-Pht th-lnh vt thc bng cch no?

Cc v Pht chng h a tay ra th nhn vt-thc ca th-ch cng-dng.c-Pht t hi phi lm th no gi cho ng phong-cch ca BcChnh-Gic. Lin khi y T-i Thin-vng hin n dng cho Ngi mtci bnh-bt bng . Hai ngi li-bun lin vt-thc vo bt dng lncho c-Pht (Ni vn "Bnh-bt" cc nh lch-s cng thu-dt nhiuthuyt hoang-ng, thy khng b-ch nn xin min thut).

45- Sau khi th-thc ri, c-Pht c ni chi vi hai chng li bunkhng?

c-Pht c ban t li khch-l nng tinh-thn sng-m ca hai ngiv tng mt bi-k h-thn, gm nhng li ca-tng tn dng n-c cacc v Tri bn-phng tm-hng nht l T-i Thin-vng v Ngc-Hong -Thch thng h-tr bn chu thin h. K y c nng lc em lis an-lnh cho h v on ty-tng v s may-mn trn bc thng-trng.

46- Hai ngi li bun y ngh sao?

Hai ngi rt tha-thch, lin xin qui-y vi c-Pht v cu xin Ngi bancho mt vt k-nim tn-th.

47- c-Pht c lm va lng h khng?

c-Pht hoan-h cho h qui-y theo Ngi v cho h t si tc v ro mngtay lm k-nim.

48- S qui-y ca hai ngi thin-nam u tin ny c ngha chi khc

khng?

Hai v thng gia Tapussa v Bhallika ny l hai ngi tm-o su-sc,thy c-Pht bit Ngi l bc Thnh-nhn, pht tm trong sch dng vtthc cho Ngi (sau bui c o) v xin lm thin-nam u tin trong Pht-Gio. Hnh-ng ca h khc hn nng ph-gia Sujata l ngi c c-tinthin-bc, tng B-Tt l v Th-thn, dng bt cm sa cho Ngi (trc


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gi thnh o) tr l cho mt li khn-vi bng-lng. Hai s cng-dngc gi tr khc nhau. c tin no cn c ni bng chng thit-thc mi gil Chnh-tn. Hai ngi thin-nam u tin ny l tng-trng ca c tinchn-chnh. Rng-ct trung-kin ca Pht-Gio l hng tn- bit phn

bit chnh-t, bit nhn-nh chn-gi.

49- Hai ng Tapussa v Bhallika lm g vi tc v mng tay ca c-Pht?

Hai ngi ny cm u on thng-i, i t Nam ln Bc, t Bc xungNam, v nhiu khi mn thuyn vt bin sang qua cc x hi-ngoi. in u h em vt k-nim y ra chim-bi v gy nh-hng tt p chos truyn b Pht-Php. Sau li hai ngi li bun n kinh-doanh lpnghip ti Min-in, xy thp th tc v mng tay ca c-Pht ti thnh

Rangoon (Ngng-Qung). Vua Min-in cng nh cc v Vua x k cn,nh s loan-truyn tin-tc ca hai ng Tapussa v Bhallika, sang tn n-ra mt c-Pht, th-gio qui-y, em li gio-hun ca c Th-Tn vkhuyn-dy dn chng v bt u tham d vo cng vic kin-trc n thx-li tc v mng tay, tip sc vi hai v c-s u tin khuych-i Thnh-thp, n nay n th y tr thnh mt k-quan v-gi ti trung-tm kinh-Min-in gi l Shwedagon.

-ooOoo-

- 02

A. T Buddha-Gaya

(B- o-trng) n vn Isipatana (Lc gi)

50- Sau cuc gp-g hai v thng-gia, c-Pht nh i truyn o choai trc nht?

c-Pht ri khi rng Uruvela i v hng Ty-Bc n rng Isipatana(Lc-gi), hin gi l Sarnath cch Bnars tm cy s tm nm ThyKondanna (Kiu-Trn-Nh), l nm ngi ng tu kh-hnh cng Ngi v ri b Ngi khi thy Ngi khng cn tu php hnh-xc na.


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51- Ti sao c-Pht khng tr v Kapilavastu, truyn o cho Vua chatrc nht?

Va khi c o c-Pht nh Cha-M v hai v o-s Alara vUddaka. Ngi thy duyn-k ca Vua cha v quyn-thuc ca Ngi chan, nn cha vi tr v qu-hng. Ngi bit hai ng Alara v Uddaka t trn: ng th nht va c mt tun-nht, ng th nh trong ba ngyva qua. Ngi u tin c c-Pht t- l Hong-Hu Maya. TiBuddha-Gaya cn mt thp k-nim ghi du ch Hong-Hu Maya t cungtri xung th-gio vi con B (Theo mt ngun lch-s khc, Hong-HuMaya c c-Pht t- by nm sau).

52- Trn ng i t ch c o-qu (Buddha-Gaya) n vnIsipatana (Lc-gi), c-Pht c gp ai khng?

Trn khong ng 10 cy s, t Buddha-Gaya (B- o-Trng) tithnh ph Gaya, c-Pht gp mt thy B-La-Mn tn Upaka. ng nythy dung-mo ca c-Pht rt phong-nh v trm-tnh, ng li ku hi:

-"Thy ca Ngi l ai? "

c-Pht tr li:

- "Ta khng c Thy v cng khng ai bng Ta; Ta l mt v Pht".

ng Upaka ngc-nhin ni ln ln:

-"Khng l Ngi qu-qut n i t xng l mt bc Thnh-nhn na sao?"

c-Pht p li:

-"Chnh ta y l bc Thnh-nhn, bc Thy Ti-thng ca Th-gian".

o-s Upaka cng ngc-nhin hi rng:

-"Khng l Ngi qu-qut n i t xng l mt ng Ton-thng? "

c-Pht lin p:


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-"Tht vy, Ta l ng Ton-thng, thng tt c nhng th-dc try-lc suy-i".

Ti y thy B-La-Mn tr ging:

"Thy i u m hi-h vy?"

-"Ta i n Bnars (Ba-La-Ni), em gio-l mi ra ging thc-tnhngi i trong gic m-mng".

"Tt lm, tt lm, Thy c i i, ni ri o-s Upaka i thng v hngNam, c-Pht trc-ch v hng Bc".

53- n rng Isipatana (Lc-gi), cc v o-s kh-hnh c vui lng

tip rc c-Pht chng?

Cc v o-s khng mun tip rc c-Pht v h khng cn tin-tngni Ngi. Nhng tng ho quang-minh ca Ngi lm cho cc thy phixc-ng, cm-gic hn-hoan, khin h phi nghing mnh cho hi vcung-knh nghe Ngi thuyt-gio.

54- Ln m o u tin ny ku l chi?

Danh t thng dng trong Pht-Gio l "Ngy c Gotama chuyn Php-lun". y c th gi l l khai-mc ca nn Gio-Php o-c cho th-gian, hay l l t nn-tng ca nh-lut cng bnh vnh-vin, hoc l ngy"Bnh xe Php bt u lun chuyn trn th-gian".

55- c-Pht dy nhng chi m gi l Chuyn Php- lun?

c-Pht t nn-tng ca o. Khi u c-Pht dy phi xa lnh haiiu thi-qu:

1. Chng nn say-m theo cuc i vui-sng, khoi-lc v l ngli thp-hn, th-b, phm-tc, khng xng ng, v-ch, khng a n chgii-thot.

2. Chng nn sng mt cuc i kham-kh, hnh thn hoi-th, lm chohao-mn sc-khe v l ng kh-hnh, v-ch, khng em li kt-qutt p.


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Nh-Lai trnh hai cc-oan y v nh i trn ng trung-o, khngli-dng, khng hnh-xc, nn Nh-Lai tm c s an-tnh, s hiu bit,s sng-sut. Nh-Lai c hon-ton gii-thot khi no sanh, gi, au,cht. Nh-Lai chng o-qu Nit-Bn.

Nh-Lai tm ra bn iu xc tht (T-Diu-: Catuyasacca):

a) Kh-Diu-: Dukkha Ariyasaccab) Tp-Diu-: Samudaya Ariyasaccac) Dit-Diu-: Nirodha Ariyasaccad) o-Diu-: Magga Ariyasacca

a) Kh-Diu-: Dukkha Ariyasacca

y l s xc-tht cao-thng v ci kh: Sanh l kh, gi l kh, bnh lkh, cht l kh; hip vi nhn-vt m mnh khng a l kh; xa la nhn-vt m mnh yu-mn l kh. Tm li i sng l kh.

b) Tp-Diu-: Samudaya Ariyasacca

y l s xc-tht cao-thng v khi-nguyn ca ci kh: S khao-khtc sinh-tn mi mi, hng em li s ti-sanh ny n s ti-sanh khcvi bao nhiu s vui-thch, i-dc, mong tm kim y vt va lng ?p-. Tm li tt c nhng kht-vng vui-sng, kht-vng sng cn, kht vngthay i trin-min l nguyn-nhn em li s kh.

c) Dit-Diu-: Nirodha Ariyasacca

y l s xc-tht cao-thng v s dit kh: Dp tt s khao-kht y bngcch tiu-dit hon-ton i-dc, khai-tr i-dc, t b, thot-ly i-dc, khngcn d st cht no.

d) o-Diu-: Magga Ariyasacca

y l s xc-tht cao-thng v con ng dit-kh: y l Thnh-o(Atthangik Magga), con ng siu-vit c tm chi:

- Chnh-Kin (Samm Ditthi)- Chnh-T-Duy (Samm Sankappa)


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- Chnh-Ng (Samm Vc)- Chnh-Nghip (Samm Kammanta)- Chnh-Mng (Samm jva)- Chnh-Tin-Tn (Samm Vyma)- Chnh-Nim (Samm Sati)- Chnh-nh (Samm Samdhi).

56- Php T- l nn-tng ca Pht-Gio nhng c-Pht gii tm-ttqu, liu chng-sanh c hiu c khng? Vy xin lc-gii theo thngthng thy r l php cn yu ca ngi tu-Pht.

c-Pht dy rng i sng l kh. S au kh ca con ngi c nhiu hnhthc khc nhau; trc nht l bn i-kh v xc-thn: sanh, gi, au, cht.

Ngoi nhng ni kh khng ai nh c t lc trong bng m n ngy

m mt cho i, xc-thn l ni pht-sanh th bnh-hon, khng nhiucng t; cng sng cng gi, ng-tng lc ph cng suy-nhc, ln-bi, ri phi cht, phi tan-r. Khng mt chng-sanh no khng s cht. S chttc l mun sng. Mun sng nn lun lun phi -phng ngn-nga bnh-hon, bo-tn xc-thn, sn-sc cho n lu gi; nhng cng c-gng duy-tr xc-thn, cng thy ta bt-lc: au n vn au, gi n vn gi, cht n vncht.

Ngoi ci kh ca xc-thn, con ngi cn nhiu ci kh v tinh-thn: sngchung-ch vi k mnh khng a-thch, xa-la nhng nhn-vt thn-yu,mun giu sang, mun c hnh-phc, m mun khng c; l kh tinh-thn. Trong khi khao-kht mn ny vt n, cng danh-li quyn-tc, phikh-tm lao-tr, tm ra mu ny chc n, lm khi khng chnh ng, tringc vi lun thng o-l vi php-lut. t c mc-ch ri, chakp toi-hng hnh-phc, phi ly mnh v n. Nu mc-ch y lchnh ng, khi t c ri, cng phi kh-khn cc-nhc, tn-ty bo-tnn.

* * *

Kt cuc i ngi hn tht kh nhiu vui t. V bm vo ci vui ngn-ngikh kim y, m ngi sang k hn u qun ht ni kh. Khng thy khnn mi ngi cho i l sng v lun lun mun sng. Sng hy-vngtm i cht th vui gia mun ngn ni kh.

l Kh-Diu-, ci kh hin nhin khng chi ci c.


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* * *

Mun sng tc l t ct tri mnh vo gung my v hnh ca bnh xe lun-hi. Du mun du khng, du tin hay khng tin, bao nhiu kht-vng danh-li ph-ba, bao nhiu thm thung hnh-phc gi tm; gi chung l i-Dc,l nhn em li s kh.

y l Tp-Diu-, ngun gc hin-nhin ca ci kh l i-Dc.

* * *

i sng ca mi ngi lun lun b xao-xuyn, b au kh, b quy-nhiu,khng gi khc no yn-n, do nc-c ca i-dc. Mun dp tt ci tham

tm v y, ch c cch xa la th s, dt b ci kh ca i. Ngi no tthy khng chu ng ni vi ci kh y th c trt b n i. ang cn augp thuc iu tr, cn mun g na, cn ch g na?

Dit-Diu- tc l dit i-Dc.

* * *

Kh bnh tit l, cn bnh khm ph, phng php gii c tm ra,by gi ti lc phc-dc tr cn. Lung dc ny khng ai bn, cngkhng tn km chi c. N l mt th thuc o-c, c tm v:

- Chnh-Kin (Samm Ditthi): Hiu bit chn-chnh, ngay thng, ngn, xc-tht, tm chn-l.

- Chnh-T-Duy (Samm Sankappa): Quyt nh ng n, ch cng-quyt, suy-xt tng-tn, bc ln con ng gii-thot, lp-hnh t-bih-x, khng lo ngh n on-th nhiu-hi chng-sanh.

- Chnh-Ng (Samm Vc): Dng li ni chnh-trc, chn-tht, nht-nh, khng ni di, khng ni hnh, khng ni li th-l, khng ni chuynv-ch.

- Chnh-Nghip (Samm Kammanta): Lm mi vic lnh, trnh mi iuc, khng st-sanh, khng trm cp, khng t-dm.


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- Chnh-Mng (Samm jva): Nui mng bng nhng phng-phpchn-chnh; trnh ngh hung-c nh t, th sn, bn thuc c, bn khgii.

- Chnh-Tin-Tn (Samm Vyma): St-sng dp tt khuynh-hng xu-xa sn c hoc sp c, tng-cng khuynh-hng tt p c hoc sp c.

- Chnh-Nim (Samm Sati): Phi lm ch ly mnh, lanh tr, ghi nh vlun lun bit mnh, ch- n hnh-ng, cm-gic, t-tng ca mnh.

- Chnh-nh (Samm Samdhi): Thc-hnh thin-nh, t thp ln cao, rn-luyn tm-tr, khai thng trc-gic.

y l o-Diu-, con ng i n ni dit tn nhng thng-kh, tc l

Nit Bn.

57- Bui l khai o c em li kt qu chi cho nm thy Kiu-Trn-Nhchng?

Nm thy nhn nhn c-Pht l uc-Tu soi-sng th-gian v xin th-gio lm -t. c-Pht lin thu nhn h vo hng Thinh-vn u tintrong Gio-on Tng-l v phn rng: "Ny ch mn-, o php cminh-khai, t nay cc thy hon-ton l bc Thnh-nhn gii-thot miiu kh-no".

58- V no c chng qu trc nht?

ng Kondanna (Kiu-Trn-Nh). Tu-nhn vin-minh thu r chn-l, ng chng qu th t, cng tt trong hnh T-Thnh gi l i A-La-Hn.

Bn v sau, ln lt cng ng chng qu nh ng, sau khi c-Pht thuytba lt php T- cho cc thy nhn thc r rt.

59- Ngoi mc ch t- nm thy Kiu-Trn-Nh, c-Pht cn c nhchi khc chng?

c-Pht nhm vo hai mc ch: Khai o v thnh lp Gio-Hi Tng-gi.Sau khi chuyn Php-lun, c-Pht thu nhn nm v -t A-La-Hn vohng T-Khu (Bhikkhu) chung lo vic Hong-php ca Ngi.


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T nay trong Pht-Gio c ba ngi ch-tn:

- Ngi Pht chnh l c-Pht v Gio ch sng lp o-Pht.- Ngi Php l Gio-Php ca Ngi- Ngi Tng l Hng Thinh-Vn trong bn bc Thnh:

* Tu--Hn* Tu--Hm* A-Na-Hm* A-La-Hn

Ba ngi y cng gi l Ngi Tam-Bo, rt qu bu, ng cho chng-sanhnng nh tm ng gii-thot, ng cho chng-sanh l bi cng-dng.

Ngi no gp duyn may, pht tm tn-ngng, dng cng vt thc, thuc

men, y-bt, ch n cc Ngi th s c hng nhiu phc bu. CcNgi hon ton gii-thot, thn tm trong sch, khng cn mt bn trn-nh, mt t ti-li, v nh phc in cho chng-sanh gieo trng ginglnh, dn ng thng tin n Nit-Bn.

60- nh ngha ca cc danh t nh T-Khu, Thinh-Vn, Thnh-Tng, khc nhau th no?

a) T-Khu (Bhikkhu) l thy tu chnh thc trong Pht-gio, thng ngy itr-bnh kht-thc nui mng. Xin c mn chi n mn ny, khng ci hi cng khen ch v mi ngy ch c php n trc gi Ng. C haihng T-Khu:

1. Trong thi k c-Pht cn ti th, nhng ngi c tu-hnh nhiukip, c duyn-dy qu-, khi nghe c-Pht thuyt-php lin chngo-qu T-Thnh, t Tu--Hn n A-La-Hn v nhng ngi c nhiuduyn-lnh, gn n thi k chng o-qu, pht-tm trong sch xin xut-gia theo Pht, lin c c Th-Tn cho xut-gia. Lc y cha c iu-lut. c-Pht ch ni: "Vo y thy T-Khu, thc-nghim i sng

phm-hnh hu dit tn ngun-kh". Lin khi y ngi xin xut-gia, nhiu tchng hn, du l ngi c-s hay ngoi o giu sang hay ngho hn, mthn sc tng trn-tc ca h, tr thnh v T-Khu xut-gia t lu. Cc vny c ci bit-danh l hi Bhikkhu: Thin-lai T-Khu.

2. Sau li s ngi xin vo o rt ng v c nhiu ngi khng iu-kin, c-Pht phi ch-nh ra qui-tc gt-gao: Ngi mun xut-gia t


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nht phi ng 20 tui, phi c cha m cho php, phi l ngi c y-sc-khe, khng bnh-hon, truyn-nhim, nh phong ci, ho lao, vv...,khng thiu n-nn, khng b n-tit, khng trn-xu lu-thu v phi triqua mt thi-gian tp s, t nht l 4 thng hc gii-lut, trau-gii hnh-kim

phi c mt thy T-Khu k-cu t nht 10 nm kinh-nghim, thng sutkinh-lut ng ra bo-m v trnh-din, chu kho-th trc mt Gio-Hi c t 10 v T-Khuu sp ln thng hiu Pht-Php. Khi c Ban Gimkho chp-nhn th v thy tu lin c t vo mt a v cao-thng. av y lun lun phi biu hin bng c-ch, hnh-kim, hnh-ng, li ni,t-tng cao p hn ngi th-tc.

Trong Pht-gio cn hng Sa-di (Samanera) l nhng o-tiu t 7 tui spln, c cc v Tr-tr thu nhn vo hc kinh-lut, ch ng tui xut-giaT-Khu.

b) Thinh-Vn l nhng thy T-Khu hoc Sa di ch nghe li thuyt phpca c-Pht m chng ng c Chn-l, c o-qu T-Thnh.

c) Thnh-Tng l cc v T-Khu vo dng Thnh nh Ch Thinh-Vnni trn.

---o0o---

B. T IsipaTana (Lc-Gi) n thnh Bnars (Ba-La-Ni)

61- c nm thy Kiu-Trn-Nh ri, c-Pht i u?

T rng Lc-gi, c-Pht v nm thy Kiu-Trn-Nh sang qua thnhBnars, cch 8 cy s v hng Nam. n ni c mt thy B-La-Mnxin xut-gia vo hng T-Khu phc-v c-Pht. ng y tn Naradatta,con ca ngi ch rut v hc tr k-nghip ca o-s Asita.

Ba mi lm nm trc v trc, lc B-Tt Siddhattha ra i, c ng-hin

im-lnh. o-s Asita cng mt ch tiu l chu ca ng ng tu trn niHy-M-Lp-Sn, on bit c qu-nhn xut hin, nn hai cu chu h santm n thnh Kapilavastu, xin ra mt Hong-t xem tng cho tngtn. Xem ri o-s Asita cho c Vua Suddhodanna bit rng Hong-tln ln s xut-gia tu-hnh n qu v Pht. Xt li thy tui ng gikhng th sng n thi k B-Tt thnh o, nh Ngi t-, ng ti-

phn than khc. Tr v ni, trc khi qua i, o-s Asita khuyn chu lo


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trau-gii thin-nh v dn mnh ch ngy th-gio vi c-Pht. ngNaradatta on bit c-Pht s n Bnars, nn chc n Ngi. cnghe gio-l ca c Th-Tn, ng Naradatta lin ng-o, chng qu A-La-Hn. ng ly php-danh l Maha Ktyyana. V sau ng l mt s-quan-trng gip c-Pht rt c-lc; chnh ng lnh s-mng em Pht-Php i truyn b v min Ty v Bc n-, tn x Pamirs (Nga v A-Ph-Hn).

62- c-Pht cn c ai na chng?

Trong mt trng hp khc thng, c-Pht mt g thanh-nin danh-ting, tn Yasa (Cng gi Yasas hay Yosada), con duy nht ca mt nhtriu-ph ti Bnars. G thanh nin ny sng mt cuc i y hnh-phc,chng thua km mt v Hong-t, trong mt ta lu cc-k sang-trng, vi

mt ngi v p v mt nhm hu-thip. Mt m n, thc-gic, chngdm thy nhng ngi yu ca chng, ng say-m trong gic-ip, nmsng-st nh nhng thy ma, chng lin pht tm gh-gm, nhm-chn; ringh n cuc i, ch c ci dng b ngoi lm cho chng m-m, quntm mt l sng cao-thng, khc thng, thch hp vi phm-cch cangi thin tr-thc. Suy-tnh n , dng nh c mt mnh-lc v hnhthc y, chng phi mau mau tu-thot khi nh, tm hnh-phc siu-vit vnh-vin. Chng lin m ca xung lu ra i. Trn buc ng v-nh, chng n b sng Vnr; thy nc cn, ct phi trng tro, chng

b dp, xn qun li qua sng, n xm Vrnsi, thuc v ngoi cathnh Bnars, gia hai ngn rch Vnr v As, rt thanh-vng li cnc trong gi mt. Chnh ni y l ch c-Pht v 6 v - tm-trdi ci cy c-th. i tr ti chng gp c-Pht v 6 v A-La-Hn ngngi tnh-ta, ho-quang sng r. Chng mng gp c Thnh-Nhn, linn qu ly nh-l v xin th-gio. c-Pht bit duyn-lnh ca chngYasa n, nn cho xut-gia lm Thin-lai T-Khu (hi Bhikkhu), riging o cho nghe; trong chc lt thy Yasa chng o-qu A-La-Hn.

Sng ngy, thy mt chng, c nh tun ra i kim cng khp mi ni. Cha

m chng ti b sng Vnr gp i dp ca chng, li qua sng thychng xut-gia u Pht. Cha m khc-lc khuyn-nh bo tr v cnghng gia-ti -s, m chng l ngi k-nghip duy-nht. c-Pht cho

bit chng Yasa c qu Thnh-Nhn ri, khng cn sng chung vi gia-nh c na v thuyt-php ging o cho cha m chng nghe. Hai ng bthc-tnh xin quy-y th-gii lm ngi cn-s nam v cn-s n chnh-thc


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trong Pht-gio. V v hu-thip ca chng cng n xin quy-y th-gii vbuc lng phi cho chng theo hu c-Pht.

Gia-nh ca i-c Yasa l ngi thin-nam tn-n u tin, chnh thcquy-y Tam-Bo v th-tr Ng-gii ngha l ngi xin nng nh ni Pht-Bo, Php-Bo, Tng-Bo v nguyn trn i khng st-sanh, khng trmcp, khng t-dm, khng ni di v khng ung ru.

63- Ti sao ng Yasa, mt thanh nin giu c, hnh-phc di-do,tng-lai tt p, li c t-tng v ch-hng khc thng nh th?

Theo lch s, ng Yasa l ngi to nhiu duyn lnh trong tin-kip lm nn tng cho ch-nguyn gii-thot, ngi nh th trong i tht hy-hu.ng l mt trong 33 ngi ng tm lm nhiu cng-tc t-thin, gip

kh tr-bn, tu-kiu bi-l, ct nh ngh mt ni cc ng ba ng, b-thnc cho ngi i ng, th cm, th cho cho ngi thiu ht. Khi mn-kip, 33 ngi y c siu-sanh v ci tri, cng hng hnh-phc lu di.

Ngi lm u chnh l Vua tri -Thch Sakka.

Th B-Tt Siddhattha ra i, c hai v chng v triu-ph thng-gia tiBnars, khng con k-nghip, ng chng bun ru. B v khuyn chngn cy a c-th, k-cn bn nh, khn-vi vi v Th-thn cho b sanhc mt mn con trai. ng chng nghe li, sm l-vt n gc a cu-khnv nguyn s ct mt ngi cha xng-ng th v Th-thn. B v ngheli van-vi quan-trng ca chng, s nu ng Th-thn lm l, th chng bmc li th oan-ung, nn b lt-t thm rng nu li cu-khn ca chng

b khng c kt-qu, b s n cy a.

ng Th-thn nghe vy lo s, bit rng n b c c-tin, nhng khi hkhng c va lng, h cng dm tr th; m mun ca hai ng b triu-

ph ny li vt khi quyn-lc ca mnh; nu lo khng kham s mt ch .ng Th-thn lt-t ln cu-khn Vua tri -Thch. Tri -Thch bong an-tm tr v. Chnh lc y, mt trong 33 v tri sp mn tui th, phi

h-sanh xung trn. Tri -Thch khuyn bn mnh nn th-sanh vo nhv triu-ph Bnars. ng ny chi t v ng lp nguyn gii-thottrong kip cht th-gian; nu sanh vo nh giu c, t kh b xut-gia tu-hnh. Tri -Thch ha s gip bn trong lc cn thit, hng dn bntm ng gii-thot. ng lin chu xung lm con nh triu-ph Bnars,nn khi dt tui th cung tri -Thch, ng h sanh lm con ca vchng ng trng-gi v c dt tn l Yasa.


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Lc c-Pht n ng ti xm Vrnsi, chnh Tri -Thch thc-tnhng Yasa v gic ng na m thc-gic i tm c Th-Tn. Nh vy ngc nghe php v chng o-qu A-La-Hn.

64- Ti Bnars cn ai xut-gia theo Pht na chng?

Tin n mt v thanh-nin triu-ph na m b nh i tm c-Pht xinxut-gia v c qu A-La-Hn, lm chn-ng c thnh Bnars. Nm mi

bn (54) bn thanh-nin tr-thc ca ng Yasa, trong hng B-La-Mn,cng-khanh, vng-tn, r nhau n xin th-gio xut-gia theo Pht, tinh-tn thc-hnh thin-nh theo phng-php dy bo ca c Th-Tn, lnlt k trc ngi sau u chng qu A-La-Hn.

65- Ti sao cc thanh-nin tr-thc y khng chu hng giu sang, lily-gia ct i mt cch d-dng v chng qu A-La-Hn mau l nh th?

Cc bn ca ng Yasa cng nh ng l hng ngi tu-hnh nhiu kip v to nhiu phc-hu, nn c sanh-trng trong gia-nh giu sang, lisn c bm-tnh thng-minh, thng suy-xt thy cuc i l gi-tm, hngnui ch-nguyn gii thot. Gp c c-Pht lm thy hng-dn, ccng ly-gia thot-tc mt cch d-dng. Ngi sn c Tr-Tu, khc thngli c ng Gic-Ng khai tm truyn o, th ng vo Nit-Bn hntht khng xa, i vi bc i-cn y.

66- c-Pht c giao ph nhim v chi cho cc v -t A-La-Hn caNgi chng?

Sau 5 thng khai o, k lun 3 thng Kit-h (tr li mt ch trong mama) ti Bnars, tnh ra c-Pht c 60 v i -t c qu A-La-Hn, thng r gio-l cao-siu mu-nhim v o gii-thot. Ma ma vachm dt, c-Pht nhm 61 v A-La-Hn bo phi tch ra i ring t v,cng khp mi ni, em o gii-thot ph-cp trong dn-gian.

67- c-Pht ni chi vi ch v A-La-Hn y?

"Ny ch mn , cc thy hon-ton gii-thot khi vng sanh-t lun-hi; cc thy nn khi hnh chu du t x ny sang x khc, em gio-lgii-thot truyn b cho tt c chng-sanh; v lng t-bi i vi i, mithy tch ra i mi ni, ban-b an-vui hnh-phc, cu- Ch-Thin v


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nhn-loi. Nhiu ngi sn c tm o v thin-, nu h khng nghe cgio-l gii-thot ca Nh-Lai, h s sa-a. Bng nghe c h s th-giovi cc thy v s liu-ng c chn-l."

---o0o---

C. T Bnars tr li Buddha-Gaya (B- o-Trng)

68- Sau khi giao ph nhim v Hong-php cho ch v A-La-Hn, c-Pht i u?

Sau khi cc v Thnh-Tng chia nhau mi v i mi hng. c-Pht lnng tr li rng Uruvela (Ch Ngi thnh o).

Cha ra khi a-phn Bnars, c-Pht gp mt nhm 30 thanh nin hhi chy n hi Ngi:

- "Bch Sa-mn, Ngi c gp ngi ph-n no i v ng ny chng? Chngti 30 anh em cng i du-ngon vi mt ngi k-n theo ca ht gip vui;lc chng ti tm sng, mng vui chi a gin vi nhau, c y trm ht trang sc v ln trn mt dng".

c-Pht vui-v p li:

-"Ny cc cu, ti sao cc cu lung-cng i tm mt ngi ph-n, m cccu khng chu kh tm cho ra cc cu?"

Li ni ca c-Pht lm rung-ng tm-hn cc g thanh nin; h chttnh hi-hn v hn-hoan thnh cu c-Pht ging php cho nghe, ri c

bn tha-thch xin xut-gia, theo hu c-Pht. Thy tr vy-on trc-chn rng Uruvela.

69- c-Pht ni cch no m cm-ha c d-dng 30 thanh nin

ang try-lc?

Nhng thanh nin ny cng l hng ngi c tu-hnh nhiu kip, nh ngYasa v cc bn ca ng. Nhng ngi sng vo thi k c-Pht ra i, lic gp c-Pht khai-tm im-o l ngi i-cn thng-tr, c nhiuduyn-lnh c t-. c-Pht ch tht mt cu vn-tt, m h thu-trit c -ngha kim-ngn v nhn-thc chn-l; tm ci chn-tm siu-


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vit bn trong, y mi l tm s an-lc cao-thng ca o gii-thot. Vibc Tr-Tu, khng cn phi ni nhiu; c-Pht bit ch khai-sng cangi, nn Ngi ch nhn mnh mt vi li, cho h tnh-ng.

70- c-Pht tr li Uruvela vi mc-ch chi?

c-Pht bit trong vng Uruvela c nhm B-La-Mn quan-trng, thucphi Jatila th thn la; ngi cm u l 3 anh em rut, ni ting l ngik-nghip cho mt v o-s tin-bi i ti tn Kassapa. Ba v u s nychim mt vng rng ln, dc theo b sng Ni-Lin, n-dt di nhng chitranh vi rt nhiu -t v sc-vt chuyn-tu kh-hnh, cng-t phc-tp,thng-sut cc khoa thn hc, v tr-lun, li rt gii v trit-hc vnchng (Sanscrit), nn c dn-chng cm-m sng knh.

Mun cm-ha 3 nhm ny khng phi l chuyn d, bi c-Pht ch-trng thuyt "V-Ng", tri ngc vi ch-ngha "Hu-thn" ca 3 anh emng Kassapa. Bng khut-phc c h th hn tht l mt s v-vang choPht-Gio. c-Pht tin-tng ni s-mng cu-th ca Ngi, nn Ngi trli Uruvela, khn kho n xin t-tc vi ngi anh c. ng Kassapa anh, vtrng lo rt hin-t, khng th t-chi c, nn cho c-Pht vo ving. Nhng sau khi bit v Sa-Mn tr tui ny c dn-chng vng ln-cn sng knh, ng em lng ng-vc rng c-Pht l mt ngi i thnguy-him. Thy khng th dng l-thuyt cm ha ng Kassapa, c-Pht nh phi dng php thn-thng mi c th thng-phc lng ng-mncng rn ca ng ny. Nh Tha-Tm-Thng nn lc no bit ng Kassapac mun xua-ui Ngi th Ngi bin mt; khi bit, ng hi-hn, c-Phthin ra. Trong m khuya thanh-vng thng c Tri Phm-Thin (Braham)v Tri -Thch (Indra) n ving c-Pht; ho-quang ca 2 v Thin-Vng chiu sng rc-r c mt gc tri, ng Kassapa bit c-Pht ckhch qu, nhng trong bng vn inh-minh rng Sa-Mn C-m khngth snh bng ng. Khi ng Kassapa mun dng -c trong nh nh ghngi, hoc chn da, hoc t-l th -c y bin mt. Khi ly ci em rach t la cng thn, ci y li cng nh , ch khng b. Khi mun

t la, la li khng chy; khi mc ru vo la, ru li dnh trongmung khng rt ra; ri thnh-tnh trt-t tr li nh xa. Mi khi xy ranhng chuyn l-thng phin-phc nh th y, cc thy B-La-Mn nghicho thy Sa-Mn Gotama ng xa dng php l ph-khuy nhng h vnthy thy C-m thn-nhin. Tuy vy cc thy cng t tin rng cc thy c

php-thut cao-siu khng ai bng v h l bc Thnh-nhn siu-qun trc-tuyt hn thy Sa-Mn Gotama.


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c-Pht thy cn phi dng mt php thn-thng khch-ng hn na, nnNgi xin ng Kassapa cho Ngi ng trong chi t la cng thn. ngKassapa thnh-tht khuyn thy Sa-Mn Gotama ch nn d-dui v ni yc con rng d-tn thng hay vng-lai, m ai ai cng gh-s. c-Pht cni-n xin cho c. Vo n ni qu tht con qui vt hin ra dng oai vic-Pht. Khi la bc chy rn rn, tun ra my l ca, lm cho nhm B-La-Mn kinh hn, xm nhau em go chuyn nc cha la. Kt cuc c-Pht cm thng c con c-th y v n trong bnh-bt, em ra cho ccthy B-La-Mn xem. Tuy nhin bn B-La-Mn cng cha chu qui-phcc-Pht.

K mt trn bo-lt lm cho nc sng Ni-Lin trn b v li cun ccchi tranh. ng Kassapa lo s cho s-phn ca thy Sa-Mn Gotama, cho

thuyn n tip-cu. n ni thy c-Pht ng lng-l i kinh-hnh trndng nc cun chy nh thc . Chng y ng Kassapa mi chu nhn-nhn ti-nng siu-vit ca v Sa-Mn tr tui v mp li di chn c-Pht. Nm trm - ca ng cng u qui-phc. Trong lc nhit-tmhoan-h, cc v tn tn- khun ling tt c y-phc v vt dng th cngthn la xung sng Ni-Lin. Hai ng Kassapa-Em, vo pha h-lu, thy-c thng dng ca anh mnh tri lnh-nh gia dng, ht hong koht 500 - n tip cu. n ni thy anh mnh v c bn xut-giatheo Pht, hai ng Kassapa-Em v 500 tncng ng xin th-gio lmT-Khu.

---o0o---

D. T Uruvela n thnh Rajagaha (Vng-X)

71- Thng-phc c ba anh em ng Kassapa ri c-Pht nh i u na?

C ngn thy B-La-Mn tr thnh nhng v T-Khu kht-s du-phng, vn- sinh sng cn phi gii-quyt mau l, bi dn-chng cc

xm chung-quanh rng Uruvela v trong thnh Gaya k-cn khng sccung-cp vt-thc mi ngy. c-Pht v on tn kht-s ln ng nhmhng ng-Bc trc ch n thnh Rahagaba (Vng-X), kinh-- xMagadha (Ma-Kit-) ca vua Bimbisra (Tn-B-Sa), l ni phong-phv dn-c ng-o. V li 7 nm v trc, lc mi xut-gia tm o, B-Tt Gotama c vua Bimbisra ha chia hai giang-san, nu B-Tt chutr li trong i tr-v thin-h; nhng B-Tt t-khc. thy khng th cm-


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cng v Sa-Mn tr tui ng hng-hi tm o, vua Tn-B-Sa yu cuB-Tt, khi thnh cng c qu, xin tr li t-. Ngy nay chng quChnh-Gic ri, c-Pht phi tm gp c vua cho khi tht ha. n ni,c-Pht v on ty-tng tm tr ngoi thnh, trong cm rng Yatthivana(Rng tre cao ln thng dng lm so, nn gi l Rng so).

Hay tin c-Pht n, vua Bimbisra cng b-quan trong tro, cc thn-hoph-gia, ra nghinh-tip rt trng-th v thnh c-Pht cng Ch-Tng von th-thc. Sau bui trai-tng, vua Bimbisra ng dng vn thng-uyn "Trc-Vin" cho c-Pht tin b lm ni Hong-php, bn ly

bnh vng dng nc, rt trn tay c-Pht v bch rng: "Bch c Th-Tn, trm xin dnh cng vn Trc-Lm n Ngi v Ch-Tng". c-Phtth-nhn, ri ging-o v phc-chc cho c vua; sau cng Ngi dng lidu-ngt khuyn-khch lm cho phn-khi o-tm ca vua Bimbisra. Vua

lin xin qui-y lm thin-nam trong Pht-Gio.

Ln u tin Gio-on Tng-l c lm ch mt vung t rng ln, ningoi- Vng-X, tin b cho cc thy T-Khu du-phng tm-tr v chotn- ti lui nghe php hc o.

c-Pht nhp h th nh ni vn Trc-Lm (Veluvana), trong ma masp ti v tri qua thi-gian Hong-php c Th-Tn thng tr ng niy.

72- Ti Rajagaha (Vng-X), c-Pht cn thu-phc c ai?

Ti Vng X, c-Pht thu c hai v i -t l ng Sariputa (X-Li-Pht) v ng Moggalna (Mc-Kin-Lin).

73- Xin cho bit tiu-s ca hai v i -t y v nhn-duyn a hai Ngin gp c-Pht?

ng Oupatissa thng ku l Sariputa (tn ca m ng) v ng Kolita

thng ku l Moggalna (tn ca h ng) u sanh trng trong mt lngk-cn kinh- Vng-X gi l lng Nalanda. Hai ng l con nh B-La-Mn giu c, li l bn ng-mn, ti-nng xut chng, hc-thc uyn-thm.a-v x-hi ca hai thanh nin dnh sn cho h mt tng-lai rc-r. Mtngy n, hai anh em r nhau i d mt cuc l hnh-hng, c by b bun-

bn mt m ch-phin. Gia lc thin-h vui mng n l, ng Sariputa liny sanh trong tr mt t-tng l thng: "Trong vng 100 nm na, m


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ng c mt ti y s ha ra ngi thin-c. Khng nhn-thc mnh lngi ng i n ch cht, nhm ngi ny thn-nhin vui-say theo trchi th-s; tht ng thng, ng bun gim cho h". Ngh nh vy, ngSariputa lin t -tng y cho bn mnh nghe. ng Moggalna cho bitrng ng cng ng suy-ngh nh th v ng bi-ri trc cnh ph-hoaca th-gian. Hai ngi bn tm-ng -hip lin r nhau n xin th-giovi o-s Sanjaya, mt trong su v Lc-s danh ting ng tu-luyn vi250 -; trong khu rng gn thnh Vng-X. Khi vo tu ri, hai ng thyhc-thuyt ca o-s Sanjaya khng thch hp vi trnh mnh, nn nhi tm mt v Minh-s cho xng-ng v cam-kt vi nhau, khi mt tronghai anh em ngi no gp c Minh-s, phi mau mau bo tin cho bit.

V sn c tin-duyn, nn chng bao lu h gp c-Pht.

74- Hai ng Sariputa v Moggalna gp c-Pht trong trng-hpno?

Trn ng i Hong-php, v A-La-Hn tr tui trong nhm nm thyKiu-Trn-Nh l ng Assaji (t-b: M-thng) n Vng-X gp c-Pht ti Trc-Lm, tm tr ni t ngy. Mt ba n, sng sm i-cAssaji vo thnh Vng-X kht-thc. Tnh c ng o-s Sariputa i tigp i-c Assaji, thy sc din ca Ngi sng-r, y-phc chnh-t, ing trang-nghim. ng Sariputa t ni: "Hn tht y mi l mt v Sa-Mn, nu cha c o qu Thnh-nhn th cng l mt bc ung tin vodng Thnh, chng sai vy; ta nht nh phi n gn Ngi d-la chotng-tn". o-s Sariputa chm-ri theo sau, ch cho i-c Assajikht-thc xong, quay bc tr v, ng mi li gn cung knh x-cho v hi:

"Bch Ngi tinh-thn ca Ngi y v trm-mc, sc din trong trng sng-r; chng hay Ngi nng ni s hng dn ca ai, m c gii-thot rakhi trn-tc? Tn-s ca Ngi l ai? Ngi theo Gio-Php ca ai?"

-"Ny ng bn, thy ca ti l v i Sa-Mn, thuc dng Sakya (Thch Ca)

l ngi hon-ton gii-thot. Chnh nh s hng-dn ca Ngi, m tic xut-gia thot-tc. Tn-s ca ti l c-Pht Gotama".

"Bch i-c, Tn-s ca Ngi ni nhng chi? Dy iu chi? "


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-"Ny ng bn, ti ch l mt - s-c, xut-gia cha c bao lu; tikhng th trnh by trn c Gio-Php ca thy ti cho ng bn c; nhngti c th t cho ng bit s-lc phn ch-yu thi".

"Bch Ngi, nh vy cng c; du Ngi ni t, ni nhiu cng khng sao,ti cn thu r phn ch yu thi".

i-c Assaji lin tr li vn-tt rng:

"Cc php u sanh ra bi mt nhn;c Th-Tn ch cho thy r nhn ca n.Ngi cng dy cho bit s dit-tt ca n.Chnh l Gio-Php ca v i Sa-Mn".

i-c Assaji va dt li, Tu-nhn ca ng o-s Sariputa lin bt sng(chng qu Tu--Hn) thu r chn-l; bit rng ci chi sanh th phidit. ng lin ni: "Bch i-c, mc du chn-l ch lc gii c bynhiu li, nhng Ngi cng tuyt-dit phin-no, chng c o-qucha tng thy, t triu c kip".

Sau khi t t i-c Assaji v bit c-Pht ng ng ti Trc-Lm(Veluvana), ng Sariputa lin i bo tin cho ng Moggalna.

Thy ng Sariputa t xa tin ti, ng Moggalna mng r cho hi: "MngS-huynh, hm nay kh-sc ca S-huynh rt trm-tnh, khit bch khcthng, chc hn S-huynh tm ra c con ng gii-thot ri, phichng? "

-"Qu tht nh vy, o-hu".

"Vy th S-huynh cho tiu- bit vi".

ng Sariputa thut li s gp g gia ng v i-c Assaji, ri c bn

cu k tm lc phn cng-linh ca o gii-thot cho ng Moggalnanghe.

Va nghe qua Tu-nhn ca ng Moggalna bt m (c Tu--Hn) thur chn-l; bit rng ci chi sanh th phi dit. ng lin tht li: "Tha S-huynh, mc du chn-l ch lc gii c by nhiu nhng S-huynh dit


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c phin-no, thu o tm trng cha tng thy, t triu c kip. Vy thchng ta mau mau i tm c Th-Tn, chnh Ngi l thy ca chng ta".

ng Sariputa lin ni: "Ny o-hu, cn 250 bn ng-mn ca chng ta,phi tnh sao vi h? V cm mn chng ta m h cn n-no ni y. Vychng ta nn cho h bit -nh ca chng ta, t h liu ly". ngMoggalna ng , hai ng lin triu tp 250 o-s, thut r u ui choh nghe, ri ng Sariputa ni rng: "Hai anh em chng ti nht nh i tmc-Pht xin lm -t ca Ngi ...". ng Sariputa cha kp dt li, c250 o-s r ln xin i theo. H ni: "Chng ti v cm m ti c ca haithy mi n-no li y, nay hai thy i xut-gia di s hng dn ca vi Sa-Mn, xin hai thy hoan-h cho chng ti cng theo vi".

ng Sariputa v Moggalna ng ni: "Vy th ch o-hu, ch anh em

chng ti i bo tin cho thy Sanjaya hay ". n ni hai ng trnh by balt cho o-s Sanjaya: "Bch thy, chng ti nh i tm c-Pht th-gio, hc o vi Ngi". ng Sanjaya cng ba lt tr li: "Khoan , hai

bn chng nn i, li y ba anh em chng ta chung lo cai qun gioon". Hai ng Sariputa v Moggalna cng 250 o-s nht nh i tmc-Pht, ng t t thy Sanjaya ra i. ng ny cm gin, n i phith-huyt.

T xa c Th-Tn thy hai ng Sariputa v Moggalna hng dn 250o-s n, Ngi ku cc thy T-Khu m ni rng: "Ka cc thy, haingi o-hu Kolita v Upatissa n. Trong hng -t ca Nh-Lai,hai ngi y s l mt cp hng-o v c duyn lnh nhiu nht".

75- Ti c ca hai ng Sariputa v Moggalna ra th no?

Hai ng Sariputa v Moggalna cng on ty-tng vo nh-l c-Phtv xin xut-gia. c Th-Tn hoan-h thu nhn lm -t v n-cn chdy phng-php tham-thin qun-tng. Sau mt tun-nht, ngMoggalna c a-qu A-La-Hn. Qua tun th hai, ng Sariputa cng

chng qu A-La-Hn. on ty tng ca hai ng phi tri qua mt thi giantu hc, ri cng ln lt c o qu c thy.

Trong hng -t ca c-Pht ch c i-c Sariputa (hay Upatissa lbc Tr-Tu vin thng tt chng. c-Pht ging-php cao su n u,i-c Sariputa u thu hiu c; ri ln-lt gii-thch li cho cc thyT-Khu nghe. (Tri li trong nhiu th-k v sau, tc-gi nhiu quyn sch


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li lit i-c X-Li-Pht vo hng thp-thi, Tr-Tu chm-chp, khng sc hiu gio-l cao-thm nn c-Pht ch thuyt ring cho ng nhng

php cn-ct, gi l php Tiu-tha).

i-c Moggalna li c mt thin-ti c bit v php thn-thng. Ngiln cc tng tri v xung cc cnh a-ngc mt cch d-dng v gipc-Pht trong nhiu x-mng rt kh khn.

Hai v A-La-Hn ny gi l i -t, bn mt v bn tri ca c-Pht.

76- c-Pht cn c v i -t no na, ti x Magadhachng?

Ngi cn c mt v i -t th ba tn Maha Kassapa (Maha Ca-

Dip). Chng nn lm-ln ng ny vi 3 anh em ng Kassapa trong nhmJatila, ti Uruvela.

77- Xin cho bit s lc s-tch ca ng Maha Kassapa?

ng Maha Kassapa l con ca mt triu ph gia trong x Magadha. Ti sn,rung t, ti t ca ng khng thua km s nghip ca c Vua Bimbisra.ng Maha Kassapa l bc Tr-Tu him c trong i. Va ln ln, ng tra ngi khng mng ca ci, li cn nhm-gm i-tnh nhc-dc. Vng licha m, ng buc lng phi ci mt ngi v rt xinh p ti thnh Vsali.Gp c ny cng ng tnh nhm ght i-tnh nh ng nn hai v chngsng chung nhau trn 12 nm m khng gn gi nhau. Hai v chng ngMaha Kassapa cng ng c ch-nguyn xut-gia tm o gii-thot, nnhng tp tnh n gin-d. Ng chung trong mt cn phng rng ln, trnhai ci sp nh thp; mt m n, ng chng thy mt con rn en v

phng, li xm xm phng ngay ti cnh tay ca b v ang b thng xungt trong lc ng qun. ng Maha Kassapa lt t chy li ko tay v lnging. Git mnh thc dy, b v nghi chng mnh c t-tng khng tt.Hai v chng mi ngh rng nu ko di s sng chung nh th ny, t c

ngy s nguy hi cho s trinh-khit gn-gi t lu, nn nh tch ra mingi i mi hng, tm ni n-dt tu-hnh. Cha m qua i, v chngng Maha Kassapa gii-quyt cuc xut-gia rt d-dng. Hai ng b phngthch ti-trai t gi, bn ht gia-ti s nghip ly tin b-th cho ngi nghokh, ri chia tay nhau ra i, mi ngi mi hng tm thy hc o.


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Khi c-Pht n Vng-X, ng Maha Kassapa n xin qui-y th-giochng bao lu ng c qu A-La-Hn v tr thnh mt v i -t, tn-cnnht ca c Bn-S. Sau li b v c xut-gia lm T-Khu-ni c quA-La-Hn. Kinh sch ghi rng c-Pht tng y Ca-Sa ca Ngi cho i-c Maha Kassapa v i i ng nh ngi bn thn. i-c MahaKassapa c uy tn ln, nn sau gi Nit-Bn ca c-Pht, Ngi m ngnhiu trng-nhim: ch-ta l ha-tng c-Pht ti Kurinara v sau 100ngy, ch-ta i-hi Thnh-Tng, kt-tp Tam-Tng ln u tin tiRajagaha (Vng X).

78- Ti x Magadha, c-Pht cn thu nhn ai na?

Rt nhiu thanh-nin, thuc gia nh giu sang trong x Magadha xin xut-gia theo c-Pht.

79- C s phn-i ca dn chng khng?

C. Dn chng cho rng c-Pht cm-ha thanh-nin, lm cho chng xav, cha m xa con, tan nt gia nh, nn khi gp cc thy T-Khu h ch

bng ma-mai rt kh chu:

ng Sa-Mn n trong kinh x Magadha (Ma-Kit-). ng ciha trn c -t ca o-s Sanjaya.

"Ch xem hm nay ng cn cm ha ai na?"

Cc thy T-Khu nghe vy cng xm-x bn-tn, ri em cu chuyn bchli cho c-Pht nghe. c-Pht phn: "Ny cc thy T-Khu, d-lunxn-xao y khng ko di u, trong vng 7 ngy s chm dt. Nu c aikim chuyn vi cc thy, cc thy nn tr li cho h nh vy:

"Nhng trang ho-kit, nhng bc V-Nhn,Cm ha v o chn-chnh,

Ai c th on-trch cho ng l,Nhng ngi cm-ha v o chn-chnh chng?"

80- Ri c-Pht c lm chi cho cc gia nh c tha-mn chng?

Ngi ta nng lng v chng con b nh i tu; tht ra c-Pht u c p-buc ai phi xut-gia theo Ngi. T v sau Ngi t ra nhng iu kin


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hn-ch s thu nhn gii t, vi mc ch ch-yu l bo v quyn liv uy-tn cho Gio-on Tng-l:

Nhng ngi c bnh nan-y, truyn-nhim, k st-nhn, k c tin n vnhng ngi m s xut-gia lm tn-hi quyn-li k khc nh: nhng tr vthnh nin, nhng ngi ti-t, nhng qun-nhn, nhng ngi trn n, ukhng c thu nhn vo hng T-Khu. Cc thanh thiu nin mun xut-gia phi c cha m cho php v bo m tnh-h?nh.

iu lut ny lm va lng mi ngi.

81- Ti sao c-Pht cha nh v Kapilavastu ph- thn quyn caNgi?

n Magadha l mt quc-gia cng thnh, c-Pht c Bimbisra (Tn-B-Sa-Vng) nhit thnh sng knh ng h, nn Ngi tha c-hi thun li,

ph-bin Gio-Php su rng trong dn-gian, Tng- v Tn- hc thcv giu c, cng ngy cng ng, thanh danh ca c-Pht ly-lng, nntng Pht-Gio vng-chc, nhng Ngi cng cha vi tr v Kapilavastu(Ca-b-la-v). Hnh ng ca bc Tr-Tu phi khc hn thng tnh th-gian: di ci B- ti Uruvela, trc khi em o gii-thot ra truyn b.c-Pht nh sn mt l trnh khai o y . Ni mc 50 chng ta thy ngi u tin m Ngi mun t- l m cha v cc bc n-nhn ca

Ngi v Ngi cng t bit rng duyn k ca Vua cha v quyn thuc caNgi cha n.

82- Vua Sudhodana (Tnh-Phn) c hay con ca Ngi thnh Pht cha?

Thanh danh ca c-Pht ly-lng ti x Magadha, d-nhin vang-din Kapilavastu, nn ng bo v quyn tuc ca Ngi nng lng trng i.B-quan trong triu s yu cu c vua phi khm sai sang tn Rajagaha(Vng-X) triu thnh c-Pht.

83- Ai lnh s-mng i thnh c-Pht v kt qu ra sao?

Triu thn ngh giao trng trch y cho ng Udayi, con ca v L-bThng-Th. Ngi ta hy-vng ni s thnh cng mau chng ca ngUdayi, bi ng ny l bn thn trong th thiu thi ca Hong-tSiddhattha.


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Trong hoi khng thy ng Udayi tr v, c vua nng lng phi ngChanna (Sa-Nc) l ngi tm phc lun lun bn cnh Hong-t trongcc bui do chi v cng l ngi a Hong-t trn i xut-gia. ngChanna i ri cng bt tin nhn-c.

Hai v khm sai, k n trc ngi n sau, cha t c li no, ngoan-ngon vng li c-Pht xut-gia lm T-Khu. Mc d hai ngiu khng mun xut-gia nhng v c vua ra lnh phi ht lng chiu-chung Hong-t, nn h tm thi ha chu xut-gia cho va c-Pht,tng rng chng phi l mt iu cam-kt quan-trng; hn na dm quanhng-qut chng thy th co li cng khng sm sn y bt, cu chuyn tcn tr hn, khng d sau khi c-Pht ku h ni: "Li y, hi thy T-Khu, Chnh-Php truyn dy, thy hy sng theo Thnh-nhn dittn ngun kh". Va dt li, ru tc h sch tri, y phc tr thnh ca-sa mu

vng; h ha ra thy Thin-Lai T-Khu (hi Bhikkhu) 1, gia gio onTng-chng. Ngi trc gp ngi sau ci vi nhau ri mnh ai ny lo tu,khng cn nh th-s lun c x-mng ca mnh.

Cch mt thi-gian sau, Vua Suddhodana (Tnh-Phn) phi lin-tip 9 vi-thn qua thnh c-Pht. Chn v ny v c on ty-tng ca h, ktrc ngi sau, cng xut-gia theo Pht v cng qun s-mng ca h.

Thnh-thong ng Udayi nhc-nh ngi bn c ca mnh, bo phi v thmVua cha, c-Pht vn lm thinh.

-ooOoo-

- 03 -

E. T Rajagaha (Vng-X) sang Kapilavastu (Ca-B-La-V)

84- n bao lu c-Pht mi chu v Kapilavastu?

Mt ngy n, do s thc-gic ca ng Udayi, c-Pht trc khi ln ng,xy mt v qu-hng, ri t-tng lnh, cu chc yn vui hnh-phc choVua cha v ng bo quyn thuc. Xong, Ngi cng on Tng-chng khihnh, nhm hng Kapilavastu tin bc. Nhm ma thu, kh tri mt-m,cuc hnh trnh t thnh Rajagaha n Kapilavastu, tri qua 60 ngy rng-r, ngy i m ngh.


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n ni c-Pht v Ch-Tng dng bc ti vn thng-uyn ca Vuacha, tn vng Nigrodha (Cy da), thuc ngoi hong thnh.

85- Vua cha c vui mng tip rc c-Pht chng?

Vua Suddhodana (Tnh-Phn) vn cha tha-th con Ngi v tht vng aun, khng th ngui lng: Hong-t xut-gia th cn ai xng ng ninghip cho dng Sakya (Thch Ca).

Hay c-Pht v ti, Suddhodana (Tnh-Phn) vng cng gng tng thnhnh ra n vi t-cch ca mt nh vua v mt ngi cha trn long-xa bnnga. Dc ng c Vua gp cc v T-Khu mang bt i kht-thc trongthnh, Ngi ngh ti con ca Ngi l mt v Hong-t, m ngy nay cng

phi i xin n theo ph-phng, nh th y tht l nhc-nh v cng. Ngi

lin truyn lnh xua ui cc thy T-Khu cho khi chng mt; ri quaylong-xa tr vo hong-cung, m-p mi lo s cho rng s hi loan ca con

Ngi l mt iu bt-thng, sp em li mt trn bo-t, li cun dngging Sakya theo triu-lu thot tc.

86- c-Pht i x cch no?

c-Pht lin phi ng Udayi vo n an-i Vua cha v gii-thch cho Ngihiu rng trong i rt kh m c ci vinh-hnh l Cha ca mt ngCu-th, v-vang hn lm Thng-Hong ca mt v Chuyn-Lun vng.

Vua Suddhodana nghe c, bt su truyn lnh t chc mt cuc nghinhtip c-Pht rt trng th.

87- Ti sao c-Pht khng th-phn lm con ch Vua cha ranghinh tip?

c-Pht tin on s gp nhiu s kh khn trong bui ti-ng hm nay:

1. Dng Sakya t c ch kim ni ting l mt dng t cao, t trng, chngbao gi chu khut-phc mt ai.

2. Du Ngi l Pht nhng Ngi bit khng d g lm thn-Thnh qumnh c, nht l trc mt Vua cha v nhng bc trng-lo trong dngh l nhng ngi tng bit Ngi lc cn nh b.


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3. Mt bc Chnh-ng Chnh-Gic khng th ng dy, cng khng thnghing mnh trc mt ngi phm-tc no, v ngi rng u ngi y s

b b ra lm by ming, nu h chu th-lnh ci vinh-hnh ti cao y. Nhth phi lm sao gii-quyt vn- nghi l, y hu-qu nguy-khn chogia-nh quyn-thuc ca Ngi.

c-Pht nht-nh phi dng mt php thn-thng cm-phc dngSakya, trc gi hi-ng vi Vua cha v hong-thn trong triu. Ngi ha ramt con ng trn h-khng; trn y Ngi i kinh-hnh nh i trn mtt, gia lc Vua Suddhodana (Tnh-Phn), b-quan vn-v v dn chngrn-r ra nghinh n Ngi. Trc s mu-nhim hy-hu y, mi ngingng mt ln dm mt cch sung-sng, ri chp tay qu ly, t lng tn-knh c-Pht. Chnh Vua cha Suddhodana (Tnh-Phn) cng qu ly conca Ngi, thn-tm rt khon-khoi nh-nhng v c ch c lm Cha ca

mt ng Cu-Th. Hong-hu Gotami v thng nh Hong-t Siddhattha,ngy m ri ly m- cho n ui c hai con mt, nay hay tin c-Phttr v, lng vui phn khi n cc-, khin cho i mt ca B bt sng trli nh xa.

88- Rc c-Pht vo n, Vua Suddhodana ni chi vi con ca Ngi?

Mi tnh lnh nht gia cha con chm dt trong gi pht ph-t onvin, nn hai bn thn-mt tr chuyn. c Vua vn cha hi lng trchon cnh tng phn xn-xang gia i sng ca con Ngi: i chn khng,n nm vt-v, khng tm nc thm, khng mc y-phc thanh-nh, khngeo h-v, khng m-nhc ca-v, cng khng c phi-tn cung-n hu-h.

c-Pht vch ra t im, dng li n-tn l-php gii-thch cho Vua chathy r rng i sng an-vui ca bc Thnh-nhn khng cn dnh lu n cciu hoan-h ca th-tc v bc xut-gia sn c nhiu s bi-p, nhiut n cao qu hn.

Nghe vy c Vua cng tm gi l an-tm, xong Ngi vn c-chp a v

-Vng.

89- Vua Suddhodana c-chp a v -vng ca Ngi bng cch no?

Vua Suddhodana khng mun cho con Ngi mi ba mang bt i xin n nidn chng. trnh s nhc-nh y, Vua cha thnh c-Pht v Ch-Tngmi ngy vo th-thc trong hong-cung.


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90- mun ca Vua Suddhodana c em li s va lng cho Ngichng?

Lm nh th chng khc no lp n trng ni cung ni cho c-Pht tha hcm-ha thn-nhn. Mi ngy c-Pht c dp hi kin vi quyn-thuc,no l cha, m nui, v con, em t, ch bc, bn xa, l nhng ngi aukh t lc Ngi trn i tm o v lun lun phin trch Ngi ra i khng mt li t-bit. Ln ln c-Pht ci m s hiu lm ca quyn thuc: "Vtnh thng lai-lng i vi gia-nh chng-tc, Nh-Lai ch tm-bit tmng dit kh, hu hng dn mi ngi tin n ni an-vui tuyt i.

Ngy nay o y qu , cng v lng t-bi V-lng i vi ton thchng-sanh, m Nh-Lai v y thuyt-minh chn-l cu- quyn-thucging ni, ra khi sng-m bin-kh. Trong i, Nh-Lai l ngi duy-nht

tn-ty hy-sinh, em li hnh-phc cho nhn qun x-hi".

Bao nhiu su kh phin-mun ch dp tun ra ln n ngi tht-hiu,bc-tnh, ln ln b tan r di hiu lc ca li bin-minh rt chn-chnh,cng lc cng em li cho tm hn mi ngi, nhng cm xc nh-nhngkhon-khoi. Ngoi tr c vua, tt c thn-quyn ca c-Pht u qu lyxin th qui-gii lm ngi c-s: Ba v Hong-thc, b Dng-mu Gotami,Cng-cha Yasadhara, Hong-t Rahula, Hong- Nanda, cng anh emch bc, tnh ra trn ngn ngi.

91- C ai xin xut-gia theo Pht chng?

C nhiu ngi nhng h ch lnh ca c vua.

92- Lnh y ra sao?

Vua h ch cho php gia-nh no c t hai ngi con trai xp ln, c choxut-gia mt ngi, theo c-Pht. Vua mun c mt nhm ngi tronghng vng-tn theo bn cnh c-Pht, ph-trng phng-danh hong

tc. Mt khc, c vua mun bo tn dng ging, trc nht mun gingi con th ca Ngi l Hong-t Nanda (con ca b Gotami) v chu nil Rahula, duy-tr c-nghip ca dng Sakya.

93- Trc quyt-nh khn kho ca Vua cha, c-Pht ngh sao?


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Bit rng Vua cha cn nng nghip trn cha cm ha c, nhng khng v m b qua c-hi t- nhng ngi hu-duyn, trc nht l em v conca Ngi. S xut-gia ca Thi-t Rahula v Hong- Nanda l hai bin-crt xc-ng cho Vua Suddhodana, c-Pht khng v tnh thng cht hpca Cha m khng tun t a ngi hu-duyn ln ng gic-ng.

94- Hong-t Rahula c xut-gia trong trng hp no?

Th thng ngi i, nht l hng ph-n lun lun tin-tng ni sthnh-cng ca mu-chc mnh. Cng-cha Yasodhara, tha dp ngchng hi-loan, dy con ca b l Thi-t Rahula mt bi hc tm s, ritha lc c-Pht vo n th-thc xong xui, sp tr ra v ni tm-tr, bxi gic con b chy theo, th-th xin cha truyn s nghip li. ca bCng-cha dy con xin ngi Vua, nhng s khn lanh ca b u c hn

Tr-Tu ca bc siu-phm. Nghe con xin truyn s-nghip c-Pht linhoan-h nhn li v v-v bo: "Ny con Rahula, con theo Nh-Lai nvn Nigrodha (Cy da), Nh-Lai s truyn cho con c mt s-nghip tinh-thn v-i m Nh-Lai dnh sn cho con". Nghe li ha ngt-ngo cangi Cha hin t, cha tng gn-gi, ng Hong Rahula hn-h vui-mng,np di bng t-bi mt-m ca c cha lnh, lp-xp chy theo bn cnh,qun c nhng li cn-dn ca m. V ti ni tm-tr, c-Pht lin giao-

ph cho hai ng Sariputa v Moggalna lm l xut-gia cho Hong-tRahula vo hng Samanera (Sa-Di). ng tiu Sa-Di ny li vui sng bncnh c-Pht, dng nh c mt nng-lc g huyn-b lm cho tm-hnng nh-nhng, vui-sng, trong sch tinh-khit, rt xng ng tip-ths-nghip tinh-thn ca c cha lnh.

Cng-cha Yasodhara, d-nhin phi mang ly hu qu ca mu-chc spt m b khng tin ni ra. Nhng sau khi suy-cng ngh-cn, b cho rngvic xut-gia ca con b l phi, v con phi theo cha, mt ngi cha xngng bo-m tng-lai cho con b.

95- Cn s-phn ca Hong- Nanda ra sao?

Ni qua ng Hong-t tr-trung tun-t Nanda, ngi duy-nht cn li ni-nghip cho hong-triu; ngy n nhm ngy Hong-t snh-duyn cngnng Janapadakalyn, mt v cng-nng m-miu ti thnh Kapilavastu,lun dp Vua Suddhodana nh phong con Ngi lm ng-cung Thi-t vcng l ngy khnh thnh cung-in lm ni ng-phng hoa-chc, c-Pht dng mu cm-ha em Ngi mt cch l-th. Gia lc trong hong-


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cung ng rn-rp, c-hnh ba i l: Kt-hn, Phong-tc v Khnh-thnh, c-Pht t-khc khng vo n th-thc, cho em mnh rnh-rang lo b hnh-phc tng-lai.

ng gi rc du, c-Pht mang bt i ngang trc hong-thnh. Hong-t Nanda, t bn h nh gi va v ti ca Ng-mn vi v Tn-nhn, chtthy c-Pht, lin b nng chy n rc bt, em vo sp thc n mnngt, tr ra dng bt li cho c-Pht.

c-Pht khng thu-bt, chm-ri quay bc tr v ni vn cy da. V lphp i vi bc trng-thng, Hong-t Nanda li-thi m bt theo sau.n ni, c-Pht em nhng li-ch ti cao ca i sng xut-gia gii-thch cho Hong- nghe, so-snh hnh-phc chc tht ca bc thot-ly trn-tc vi hnh-phc gi-tm ca k b ct tri trong gia-nh v khuyn em

nn noi gng ca mnh tm o qu Nit-Bn. ng Nanda, mc du cnnng mang khi-tnh, nhng xt ra li ni ca bc Ch-tn tht l ng l,ng lin chu xut-gia.

Kh cho ng Nanda, khi mang ci lt ca v thy tu ri, ng n-nn hi-hn;khng bit lm sao tr v vi v p mi ci?

Xa cch ngi yu ng Nanda khng th ngui c lng thng nh, nhiuphen ng trn ra khi ch c-tch tr v nhng my ln u b bt gp.

tr tn gc ci bnh tng-t ca ng Nanda, c-Pht ngh a ngy ln ving cc v Thin-n tn ci tri -thch. Nghe ni cc v Thin-nsc-p tuyt-trn, ng T-Khu Nanda, sn tnh ho sc, vui-v chu ingay. c-Pht bo ng nm ly cho y ca-sa ca Ngi, ri Ngi bay-bngln h-khng. Bay ngang qua mt m rng, va b mt trn ha-tai thiu-ri. c-Pht ch cho ng Nanda xem mt con kh ci ng ngi c-r trncnh cy chy en, may-mn thot cht, nhng mnh my b la tp trilng, l-li xem rt thm-thng. K trong nhy mt, ng Nanda c an th-gii t-ti ca Vua tri -thch (Indra) cho ng mc tnh

thng-thc v-p v-song kiu-dim v ct-cch thn-tin ca cc vThin-n. Khi tr v ng Nanda th nhn vi c-Pht rng nhng phi-tnm-l ca Vua tri -thch, snh vi v ng th v ng chng khc no conkh ci lc ny. T-tng ca ng t hng v cc v Hng-nga tin-n;ng nhn-ni nng theo c-Pht tu-hnh, mong ngy kia c sanh vthin-cung lm bn vi cc v Thin-n duyn-dng m- y. Trong giixut-gia, ln ln ai ai cng bit mc-ch b-mt ca ng Nanda, nn ngi


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ta gi ng l "V tnh lang ca Thin-n " cho n ngy ng c-gng ditc cn-bnh say-m sc-p ho-huyn v nht thi ca ph-n.

96- Sau s xut-gia ca hai ng Rahula v Nanda, Vua Suddhodana cphin trch c-Pht chng?

C phin trch cng vic ri. V li c-Pht ch nhm mc-ch cu-kh, cng kh m li cho Ngi c:

1. Thi-t Rahula chy theo xin Cha truyn s-nghip v khi c tha-mn, li vui thch theo Cha.

2. ng Hong- Nanda ha ra ngi "V tnh lang ca Thin-n " thmong g cho ng tr li vi ngi v m ng snh nh con kh ci.

Lc c-Pht va v ti Kapilavastu, Vua Suddhodana c cm-tng(85) rng con Ngi sp gy ra mt phong tro xut-gia mnh-lit cho dngSakya, nn ban u Ngi t ra bt-mn, nhng sau li nh nghe c lin-tip hai thi php ca c-Pht, Vua Saddhodana c c o qu Tu--Hn v Tu--Hm, Ngi tha thch dng vn Nigrodha (Cy da) choc-Pht v Ch-Tng lm ni Hong-php -sanh 2.

97- Cn ai trong dng Sakya xin xut-gia theo c-Pht na?

Nm trm v Vng-tn cng-t, k tm-o nhit thnh, ngi v b-bnquyn-r, n-mc sang trng, ko nhau n ra mt c-Pht, xin Ngi ging

php cho nghe. Sau thi php, mi ngi u tnh nguyn xin xut-gia. Snc ng Upali (u-B-Li), ngi th co ca hong-gia "Thp tng vingPht", h lin cy ng th-pht cho h v ha cho tt c y-phc trang-sc n n ng, bi cc vt y ht cn gi-tr i vi i thot-tc. Tnh c ngUpali tr nn ngi giu c nhng duyn lnh ca ng n, ng khngth-nhn ch c-ao c c-Pht thu ng vo hng -t ca Ngi.

Trong lc 500 v Vng-tn cng-t tr v t-gi gia-nh, ng Upali voly c-Pht xin xut-gia, c-Pht lin thu nhn ng lm Thin-Lai T-Khu (hi-Bhikku). Vo sau v c xut-gia trc, nn cc v Vng-tncng-t phi knh-nhng ng l Bc cao h n anh.

98- Trong hng Vng-tn cng-t ni trn c ai l thn bng quynthuc ca c-Pht khng?


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C nm ng hong: hai ngi em ch-bc ca c-Pht l ng Anuruddha(A-Nu-a-La) v ng Ananda (A-Nan-) v ngi b con c-cu, anhrut ca Cng-cha Yasodhana, tn Devadatta (-B-t-a). Cn haingi na khng bit tn chi.

(Theo ngun lch-s ca thi i sau, nm v Hong-thn ni trn v ngUpali n xin xut-gia, lc c-Pht ng ti lng Anupiya, trong x ca vuaMalla, thuc v hng Nam kinh- Kapilavastu).

99- o-gio ca c-Pht em li nh-hng chi cho dng Sakya?

Dng Sakya ton l nhng v-tng v-ch, khi hp-th c Gio-Phpca c-Pht, u tr nn hin-t o c, th chu cht hn dng bo-lc,

trnh gy nghip bo.

---o0o---

F. T Kapilavastu (Ca-B-La-V) sang qua thnh Savatthi (X-V)

100- c-Pht Kapilavastu bao lu ri i u na?

Sau 4 thng qu nh, c-Pht t-gi Vua cha v quyn-thuc sang quakinh thnh Savatthi (X-V), x Kosala ca Vua Pasnadi (Ba-T-Nc),thuc v hng Ty thnh Kapilavastu.

101- Ti thnh Savatthi (X-V) c-Pht c tip rc nh th no?

Ti thnh Savatthi, c mt v i ph gia tn Anthapindika (Cp-C-c):ngi nui k ngho kh c-c), sn ch nghinh-tip c-Pht v dngcho Ngi mt ngi cha lng-ly, va to lp xong.

102- Ti sao ng Anthapindika (Cp-C-c) bit c-Pht sp n

m lo to ch nghinh-tip?

ng Anthapindika (Cp-C-c) c n Rajagaha (Vng-X) nhiult giao-thip bun-bn v c dp nghe c-Pht thuyt-php ti vnVeluvana (Trc-Lm). ng c c o qu Tu--Hn tha-thch xinqui-y v thnh-cu c-Pht n Hong-ng Pht-php ti Savatthi (X-V).


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c-Pht nhn li, nhng bo ng Anthapindika v kim sn mt nithanh-vng, ngoi thnh Savatthi, khi Ngi v Ch-Tng n ch an-tr.ng Anthapindika v la c mt hoa vin p nht, ngoi- thnh X-V. Hoa vin y thuc v ca ng Hong Jeta (K-). ng ny khngmun bn, li diu chi vi ng Anthapindika (Cp-C-c) rng: nu ngtri ph vng cng khp trn mt t ca hoa vin ti, ti mi bn cho. ngAnthapindika (Cp-C-c) lin chu mua vi gi c y. L li ng HongJeta phi chu bn nhng vi iu kin l ng gi li nguyn vn cc thcy, nht l nhng danh-mc c-th, nh xoi, dn hng, cho c bngmt v bo tn thanh cnh trang-nghim, huyn mc cho hoa vin m ng cng kh to ra ... Nhn , sau khi ng Anthapindika (Cp-C-c) cttnh x, rc c-Pht v Ch-Tng v , ngi ta thng gi l Jeta Vana(K-Vin hay Hu-Vin ca ng Jeta) hoc l Anthapindika Vihra (Cp-

C-c Tnh-x).

103- Tnh-x ca ng Anthapindika (Cp-C-c) c chi c bitkhng?

Tnh-x ny l mt thng cnh p nht gia mt cnh ng ph-nhiu, nmv hng Ty Kapilavastu (Ca-B-La-V) v hng Ty-Nam ni Hy-M-Lp-Sn, cch xa hai ni y 150 cy s. Quanh nm tit tri mt-m, choa ti p, li gn qu-hng ca c-Pht, nn Ngi thng kit-h niy 3. i-c Sariputa c phi n trc, ch v cho ng Anthapindika(Cp-C-c) cch thc to-lp Tnh-x. Gia vn l mt bit-tht dnhring cho c-Pht, chung quanh c vn hoa v ao sen, bn ma hngxng ngt-ngo. Nm trm v T-Khu ring, mi v mt tnh-tht, ct ri-rt trong hoa vin; ngoi ra no l ging-ng, trai-ng, phng tm, cutiu nh bp, kin trc c lp lang.

Ban ngy thin-nam tn n ti lui tp np, ti li ch cn nhng bng ngilng-l kinh-hnh, qun-tng di tn cy u-tch.

104- c Vua no tr v x Kosala, ti Savatthi v Ngi i vi c-Pht rasao?

Chnh c Vua Pasenadi (Ba-T-Nc). Hay tin c-Pht ng n Tnh-xCp-C-c, Vua v b-quan trong triu thn-hnh n cho mng. VuaBa-T-Nc, cng nh cc v vua khc, khi n ving c-Pht, u p-dngmt nghi-thc x-giao ging nhau. Trc on xe gi c ton qun-nhc m


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ng, sau c binh gia h-tng. n trc cng Tnh-x. Vua v b-quanxung xe, lt ct nm biu chng: Lng, mo, qut v giy ri t t i chnkhng vo. n trc c-Pht, Vua v b-quan qu ly nh-l: Phong tcn- t phm-cch tinh-thn trn uy-th -vng.

105- Vua Pasenadi c lng m o khng?

Vua Pasenadi cng nh Vua Bimbisna, ng tui vi c-Pht thy Ngicng l dng Vua, li dm hy-sinh ngi bu xut-gia tm o v khi thnhcng c qu, cn phi sng mt cuc i phiu-lu kh-cc, tn ty vingha-v t-th nhn, nn ht sc knh-phc v nhit thnh ng h c-Pht trong vic Hong-php.

106- Ti Savatthi c-Pht cn ngi -t no trung thnh nh ng

Anthapindika (Cp-C-c) chng?

K ng Anthapindika (Cp-C-c) l b Viskh, mt tin-n giu c gip c-Pht mt cch c-lc. B rt ng con v nhiu chu cht, cdn chng thnh X-V xem nh bc phc-hu -nht, nn trong mi cucl lun lun mi b ch ta nh hng-phc ca b. B c ni danh lmt v i th-ch. Cc nh s n X-V u nh b chu-cp mi vt cnthit. B nguyn vi c-Pht, trn i dng cng y phc tm ma choTng-ni, thuc men cho cc nh s c bnh, vt thc cho cc v mi nhoc sp i v mi sng dng cho lt lng cho Ch-Tng.

i vi b Viskh cng nh phn ng ph-n, ngi n-nhn hay nging cm n, chng phi ngi cng dng c-Pht v Ch-Tng, mchnh l c-Pht, bi Ngi ch dy cch thc thc hin cng hnh b th cho mi ngi c d vo phn thng ca cng-hnh b-th y.

107- Trong thi-gian c-Pht an-c ti Savatthi c iu chi xy rachng?

Ti Tnh-x Cp-C-c, c-Pht thu nhn -t cng ngy cng ng;c nhiu ngi chng o qu T-Thnh ting n khp x, thin-h anhau n qui-y th-gio vi c-Pht, lm cho cc o gio phi lu-l vcc v o-s phi thiu thn mi b, nn h m ra ganh-t th on, tm mimu chc lm hi c-Pht.

108- H lm hi cch no?


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y ch tm lc hai s tch:

a) tha-mn lng ganh-t, bn t-s nhm li nh dng m-nhn-k lmcho mt thanh-danh uy-tn ca c-Pht. Mi bui ti, gia lc thin-namtn-n t K-Vin ra v, sau khi nghe php ca c-Pht, mt n o-s,nhan-sc m-, xim o le-lot, tay cm hoa thm, i ngc chu vhng Tnh-x. C ngi ku hi: C i u gia m tm ti vy c? Nngy tn Cinca, ngoe-ngoy tr li: "Ti i u, cn c chi my ngi m hi".i khi m ngi, nng Cinca tr li ngh trong cha ca bn t-s, gnTnh-x Cp-C-c. Rng sng, lc thin-tn, t ngoi thnh Savatthi voTnh-x yt-kin c-Pht, nng Cinca li tr ra, cng nh nng t Tnh-xi v.

C ai hi: C ng u m v sm vy?

Nng cng ngoe-ngoy tr li:

-"Ti ng u, mc k ti".

Lin tip gp nng vi c ch kh nghi, nhiu ngi ngc-nhin hi na: Cng u m v sm vy?

Nng Cinca tr li:

-"Ti ng trong Tnh-x vi ng Sa-Mn Gotama".

T tn- xm-x, bn-tn, phn-vn, nghi-ng. Bn thng sau ai ai thybng ca nng Cinca cng ngy cng ln. n tm chn thng bng nng licng to ln, t ra ngi mt-nhc, nh gn ngy sanh-. Mt bui chiu n,lc c-Pht ng ngi trn bo-ta thuyt-php cho tn- nghe, nngCinca vo ng trc mt c-Pht ku ni rng:

-"Ny ng i Sa-Mn, ng ging o-l cho mi ngi vi ging tht lngt-ngo d thng nhng i vi ti y, v ng m phi mang thainghn, nay gn ngy n-nhy khai hoa, m khng thy ng lo to choti mt chi tranh, cng mua sm nhng vt cn-thit cho vic sanh-.Cng khng thy ng li cy mn nhng ngi trung-thnh vi ng nhc Vua Pasenadi. ng Anthapindika hoc b Viskh, thay th lo gim


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cho ng. ng bit chi hoa thng nguyt m ng khng bit ngn-ngahu qu".

c-Pht ngng cuc thuyt-php, dm ngay nng Cinca v tht rng:

-"Ny c th ch, nhng li c va th-l , tht hay gi, ch c c v Nh-Lai bit thi".

Nng Cinca cng bnh-tnh tr li:

-"Tht vy, tha ng Sa-Mn, ch c i ta mi r thu s tnh ny thi".

Va dt li, mt khc g hnh bn cu, m nng Cinca rng-rt trcbng, thnh-lnh rt xung dp cng nng 4. Mu gian bi l, thin-nam

tn-n r ln, k phun nc ming, ngi th tt-v vo mt nng. c-Phtlin ngn-cn, khuyn tn- dung-th v thng hi cho k li-lm. NngCinca chy ra kh Tnh-x, va khut dng, th t xp, vi thn nng dimt ci h su y la a ngc 5.

b) Bn t-s cha chu ng bc trn ng ti-li. nh hy-sinh mt no-s na tn Soundari (ngi p), h mn k cn- bp hng c ny,ri ln em thy vi di ?ng trng hoa-ho, cht gn bit-tht ca c-Pht. Mt khc h i khai-bo vi nh Vua rng c Soundari mt tch. Ph-lc vi nh chc-trch h cho b h i tm kim c Soundari. D-nhin hkim c t-thi c ny mt cch d-dng v nm trn mt ci vngkhin vo thnh Savatthi, truyn rao cho thin-h thy r bng c dm-nghin-nhin ca ng C-m, m -t ca ng c che y, nn git cSoundari phi-tang. D-lun xn-xao phn-ut. Nh cm-quyn ngngm-ngm iu tra, th bn st-nhn c trng thng r nhau ra tu-lu,gy tic vui-say, ri chia nhau s tin th-lao. Thn men m-nh, anh nocng mun dnh phn nhiu, ci-c, u-, ri t co ln nhau. Kt cuc c

bn st-nhn v k ng la u phi n ti trc cng-l.

Mt ln na, hm-oan ca c-Pht c minh-gii. Trong i k tiu-nhnmun lm hi mt ngi chn-chnh, khng phi d nh mun, h tt lco-gian mt v Chnh-ng Chnh-Gic.

109- Ti Savatthi, c-Pht cn gp tr ngi chi na chng?


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Nhm Lc-S cn ngh tranh-ti, u php vi c-Pht, c VuaPasenadi chng kin. c-Pht bt buc phi lm va lng h. Trc khitranh-bin, c-Pht dng php thn-thng ha ra mt cy xoi to ln, caotn my xanh, y bng tri, gia sn dn trng cho cuc hi-hp, ri

Ngi n ng di gc xoi tr li t cu cht vn ca nhm Lc-S.

(Theo s tch khc, c-Pht ha php ngi trn mt ta-sen ln bng bnhxe. Nhn , trong thi-i sau, cc cha u tng ct Pht ngi trn ta-sen. Mt ngun ti-liu khc ghi rng c-Pht ha ra v-s V Pht ing nm ngi trn khng-gian).

Bao nhin bin chng ca Lc-S a ra u b c-Pht nh tan, vi l lkhng chi ci c. Khng thy kinh-sch ghi r nhng bin-chng chi.

110- c-Pht c thn-thng qung-i m khng c phng-php not- nhm Lc-S sao?

c-Pht ch ngi c duyn lnh vi Ngi. Nhng ngi y du say-mlm-lc theo t-o, ng gi khc nht nh, gp mt c-duyn h thc-tnhngay. Ngi khng duyn lnh, du sng bn cnh c-Pht, h cng vnthin v t-o, hung-h l ngi sn c mt tn-ch khc bit nhnhm Lc-S.

112- C ngi no lc theo t-gio m c c-Pht t- ?

Ti Savatthi (X-V) trong mt h, c-Pht c t- mt tn st-nhn,cung tn theo t-gio, gy ra s kinh-khng cho dn x Kosala. K st-nhn y tn Angulimla (Ngn tay trng-c), con ca mt v i-Thn tiSavatthi. Chng c gi n th-gio vi mt v o-s danh-ting. Rtthng-minh, vn hay v gii, chng c thy yu mn, trng i hn cc

bn hc-sinh. Bn ny sanh lng ganh-t, bao phen lp k, mt tht vi thyrng Angulimla m-mu phn thy. ng o-s khng tin nhng ba lt bthc-gic phi xua-ui Angulimla ra khi nh, trnh tai-hi v sau.

Xiu theo li nnh-b bt-chnh, ng thy lp k a Angulimla vo chnlao-t, mi ku bo rng: "Ny con, thy thy con v-ngh tinh-thng. thymun truyn

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