Trung Luan - Ns Thich Nhu Chan Hien Dich

8/3/2019 Trung Luan - Ns Thich Nhu Chan Hien Dich

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LONG TH B TT Ngrjuna

TRUNG LUN Mdhyamaka-stra Hn dch: Tam tng Php sCU-MA-LA-THPKumrajva

Vit DchTHCH N CHN HIN Nh Xut Bn Tn Gio - H Ni PL. 2546 - DL. 2003

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http://thuvienhoasen.org Chuyn sang ebook 28-7-2009

Ngi thc hin : Nam Thin [email protected] Link Audio Ti Website http://www.phatphaponline.org

Mc LcLI CA DCH GITA TI BNTA TRUNG LUNTNG DUCHNG I: QUN NHN DUYN[1]CHNG II: QUN KH LAI[1]CHNG III: QUN LC TNHCHNG IV: QUN NG M[1]CHNG V: QUN LC CHNG[1]CHNG VI: QUN PHP NHIM, NGI NHIMCHNG VII: QUN BA TNG[1]CHNG VIII: QUN TC, TC GI[1]CHNG IX: QUN BN TR[1]CHNG X: QUN NHIN, KH NHIN[1]CHNG XI: QUN BN TCHNG XII: QUN KHCHNG XIII: QUN HNHCHNG XIV: QUN HIPCHNG XV: QUN HU V[1]CHNG XVI: QUN PHC GIICHNG XVII: QUN NGHIPCHNG XVIII: QUN PHP[1]CHNG XIX: QUN THICHNG XX: QUN NHN QU[1]CHNG XXI: QUN THNH, HOI[1]CHNG XXII: QUN NH LAICHNG XXIII: QUN IN OCHNG XXIV: QUN T
http://phatphaponline.org/kinh/Audio/Dai%20Tang%20Kinh/Bac%20Tong/http://phatphaponline.org/kinh/Audio/Dai%20Tang%20Kinh/Bac%20Tong/


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CHNG XXV: QUN NIT BNCHNG XXVI: QUN THP NH NHN DUYN.CHNG XXVII: QUN T KIN

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LI CA DCH GI

Pht php vn cao siu huyn diu, nu khng c cc bc hin trit tip nra i th thit tng rng chng ta cng ch nhn Pht php bt ngt bao lanh tri bin ch khng bit lm th no t ng v p dng vo i sng hnh.

B lun ny mang li cho chng ti mt vi tia sng t ng khi thm tmcn nng tru Ng chp v Php chp. nh du pht giy thc tnh mngi gi ln cho chng ti, y l T.T.V.C. (bc Gio th S ca chngti) khin chng ti sng t vn , dit c phn no kin chp Ng Php. V l , ti mo mui dch Lun ny, trong khi kin thc cn nngcn; i vi ngha l ca n th hong v bao la!

B lun ny c ra c cng gp phi nhiu tr ngi kh khn. "Tr ngkh khn," khi dng t ng ny, ti bit rng ti i sai tinh thn Trungqun lun. T tng Trung qun lun l Znyat (Tnh Khng), ch conngi cng tt c hin tng s vt trong v tr, khng gian, thi gian,

khng c yu tnh quyt nh. C ra, l do duyn hp nhiu nhn t phngtin v iu kin hnh thnh, nh huyn, nh ha. K c nghip lc ca cngi cng khng tht, m ti sao ti li ni danh t trn. "Tr ngi khkhn" l quan nim v nghip lc.

Trc khi nghe b Trung Qun Lun, ti c mt vn gi l li tha. Ti t ln v Gio th s ca chng ti. Nhng khng c bc Thy gii quytha ng. Ti rt bun, song lc ny Trung qun lun n vi ti kpthi gii quyt nhng vn cho chng ti lm ti nh nhng thanh thn hln. Lc hc ti c ngh rng ti s dch b lun ny t Hn vn ra Vivn hu ph bin c li ch. Va nghe va dch n khi nghe ht l tdch xong. Ti c li bn tho, nhng t thy cha va nn dp b. Tl ti"nhp tht cht" hai thng dch li. Thm thot hai thng tri qua khn nhp tht mn v ti cng dch xong b Lun. em trnh T.T.V.Cduyt li v bt u tnh vic in. Trong lc i ch cho qua dp tt in tny. Thy G.. khuyn ti nn vit i mi phm. Ti v c li bTrung qun lun ch Hn mi phm th nhn thy Lun ny hm sc qu


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nhiu ngha, li thm dn d nhiu chiu hng, kh m tm tt i mchng. V phn gii thch Tng vn c Ngi Thanh Mc Phm Ch.

Ti da vo ngha ca nhng bi tng cng nh lc nghe thu thp v c tham kho phn lc thch bn dch Trung qun lun ca T.T.Q.L. xinlc gii thch i khi mi chng, hu gip bt phn no kh khn chnhng c gi cn nghin cu Trung qun lun ng dng vo i sng hnh theo ng chnh php.

Ln ny, ti hin cho c b Lun kHi ph lng ch bc Tn tc nng v phng din tinh thn cho chng ti, l Ha Thng ViTrng Vin ha o, GHPGVNTN, S Trng Hu lm, S B DiKhng v Thy Tu S, gp sc nhiu trong vic phin dch; cng chTng Ni tr gip nhng phng tin khc v nhng Pht t quen bit, tr

tip hoc gin tip gip ti lc cho chng ti. Vi tinh thn h o Phca ton th qu v, chng ti tng khng nu ra y cng cm thng.

Ngng mong cc bc Tn tc chng minh cho, v xin tri n Ch Tng,Ch Ni cng ton th qu Pht t.

Nam m Long Th B Tt.

Thin tht Diu Trm

u Xun nm 1974 Thch n Chn Hin ---o0o---

TA TI BN

T khi bn dch ny hon thnh, khong vo nm 1983, n nay ti khng bit c xut bn my ln. Nhng s ti bn ln ny vn cn thitnhu cu nghin cu Pht php nuc ta, v nht l s ph bin ca Thin Mt. Nu khng y trn Tnh Khng nghin cu v tu tp, th Thin v

Mt d dn n nhng phn tc dng c gi l tai bin ca Thin, hay Mt.

Trong mt dp gp Ni s Chn Hin ti cha Gi lam, ti c Hi Ni s vvic xut bn bn dch Trung lun ca Ni s m ti c duyn c bit cy gn hai mi nm. Cho n nay, ti vn ch bit qua bn tho. Nhn cln lc cc th tch c ti Th vin cha Gi lam, ti tm thy bn in Rone


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b mi mt gm kh hng. V tic cng trnh dch thut, mt cng trnrt kh i vi mt tc phm c xem l kh hiu nht trong s cc t phm trit hc v i nht v c nh hng ln nht ca trit hc phng trc y, v Ty phng ngy nay, nn ti mang i nh Pht tnhp vn bn vi tnh tr li, v b khuyt nhng ch b mi mt khot. Nh, ti thm mt s kin hiu chnh cho bn vn tng i kh d hic. Ci kh trong vic nghin cu, v nht l phin dch, i vi Trunglun, l vn ngn ng. Ph bnh tnh hin thc v chn thc ca nhthc trong Trung lun thng bt u t nhng ph bnh cu trc ngn ngY trn cu trc ngn ng tin hnh phn tch qu trnh hot ng nhthc trn phng din tm l hc. Ri t li tin ln vn dng iu mngn ng trit hc phng Ty gi l Bin chng php siu nghim ph phn bn cht cng nh tnh nng v gii hn ca l tnh hay l tr. Rt , nhn tr li cc khi nim cng vi nhng t ng ni hm cc khnim ny trong Gio php ca Pht. Nh th c nhn thc kh d ni chn chnh v gio php ca Pht, m nh kinh Kim cang ni: Ng thuy php nh phit d gi, php thng ng x, h hung phi php. Php mTa ni, nh l chic b. Php cn phi c x, hung g l phi php. Nhn php no cn x, v x nh th no. l vn .

Nhn xt i khi nh vy thy rng tr ngi ln nht v cng l khi nht l cu trc ngn ng ting Phn. Trong tnh hnh nghin cu Pht ph nc ta, ng php ting Phn cn rt kh xa l. Ngay trong bi tng mu m ta quen gi l bi tng Bt bt cng cn c mt khi nim s nv ng php ting Phn c th tung i d nm bt hn.

Tt nhin, chn l siu vit ngn ng. T Hu Nng, ngay c ch Hn ckhng bit hung h l ting Phn. Nhng xa nay ai dm ni l mnh hiTrung lun hn T Hu Nng?

V vy, trong bn dch ting Vit ny, ni phn cc ch, ngoi nhng ghch nhn xt ca Ni s dch gi, thnh thong ti cng thm mt s gi m phn ln l da nguyn bn Sanskrit hin c, vi hy vng bn dch s t

nn d hiu hn. Bn dch Hn c nhng c im ring ca n. Khng th ni bn Hn tuyi trung thnh vi chnh tc gi l Ngi Long Th. Do khc bit v nhnquy c cu trc gia hai h ngn ng Phn v Hn, nn nhiu ch dch gHn l Ngi La-thp phi thc hin nhng bin i cn thit. Nhng bii ny i b phn phn nh t tng ca dch gi m vn c phn


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trung thc chnh t tng ca Ngi Long Th hay khng, y l vn ngoi kh nng ph phn ca chng ta. V vy, im cn bn l bn dchting Vit ny hon ton y trn bn Hn ca ngi La-thp, coi nh khng bit n s hin hu ca bn ting Phn. Mt vi cc ch i chiu ngu bn ting Phn l ct lm r ngha trong bn Hn, ch khng c mc ci thng vo thm ca Lun ch l Ngi Long Th.

Trong s kin hn ch ca mnh, ti nhn thy bn dch ca Ni s ChHin tng i sng, v c th l bn dch Vit u tin. V vy, ti m php xin gp thm mt phn cng c nh, gi l ty h v tn tr mt cntrnh rt kh thc hin i vi mt tc phm rt kh hiu ny.

Nguyn cu Pht php sng t th gian.

Pht lch 2544,Qung Hng Gi-lam NGUYN CHNG cn ch.

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TA TRUNG LUNTNG DU

TRUNG LUN c nm trm bi k, l tc phm ca Long Th. Ly ch

Trung m nu Danh, l soi t ci Tht, ly ch Lun m gi tn, l sut cng ngn ng. Ci Tht m khng c nu danh th khng th t ngdo g vo Trung m t. Ngn ng m khng c gii thch th khngth sut cng, do mn Lun hin by[1]. Khi ci tht c m tngn ng c hin by, th s thc hnh ca B tt, v s qun chini o trng by gi c bung lng[2] mt cch r rng vy.

V, phin no m hoc sanh ra t kin chp in o, c ba ci v th m phi ni chm; s chng ng thin khng[3] khi ln t tr tu ym ly[4 bc cnh gii[5] do y m thnh lc no. V th bit rng, s gic ng tuyi l do s qun chiu bao la; m tr tu nh nhoi b buc rng bi tmhn hp[6]. Qun chiu m khng bao la, th khng san bng hu vv, thng nht o v tc. Ci bit m khng sut cng, th cha th bvo Trung o, xa tuyt nh bin[7]. No o tc nu khng c san bnli nh bin cha c xa tuyt, th y l ni u t ca B tt vy.


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V l , i s Long Th phn chit bng Trung o, khin cho hng hilm th[8] trng theo ngn tr o Huyn[9] m mt phen chuyn hng bao qut bng tc ha[10], khin cho khch xu hng huyn mn[11], qunhi han, trong pht giy thu trit[12]. Vi vi thay[13], tht c th ni, dng thng vo thin khng[14], rp ca huyn trong v tr[15]; qut gihu qua cnh kh[16], tun cam l ln cy a[17] y vy.

Ka kin trc trm tng c dng, th nh c nh tranh bn cnh ng k lqu ma; khi thy s hong v bao la ca lun ny, th bit r s chng ngthin khng cng thp hn qu lm.

May thay Chu qun[18] ca phng vc ny bng u li c Linh thdi sang trn gi; tm tnh bin a him hc nh th m c thm trd m ca nng r. Ri y v sau, bc hin trit mi khi m o mi

th lun n l tht vy. Nghe ni cc nc bn Thin trc, nhng ngi dn thn vo s hkhng ai khng thng thc lun ny, v coi n l cm nang trng yu[19] Nhng ngi thm bt mc a ra gii thch qu khng phi l t. Bgii thch c cng b y vn l ca v Phm ch ngi Thin trc, tgi l Tn-gi-La (Pigala), i Tn dch l Thanh Mc. ng tuy l ngi ctin v hiu chnh php su xa[20], nhng vn t khng c trau chut vchnh xc, trong li c nhiu sai lm, thiu st v trng lp. Php s (LThp) mi ct xn b sung, khin cho l ph hp vi kinh c thsut. Vn hoc c tha hay thiu, cha phi l hon ho ton vn vy. Bch lun[21] nhm i tr ngoi gio dp b l t; tc phm ny nhchnh l ni gio khai thng s b tc.

i tr thch lun[22] th uyn bc; Thp nh mn lun[23] th c ng Nghim xt c bn tc phm ny, qu tht nh mt tri soi tn ci lnkhng ci g m khng soi sut rng ngi.

Ti thng thc v ngt y n i tay khng ri sch, qun lun c s quvng ca mnh, bn gi gm ci lng t ng vo mt bi ta; ng thi tmtt phm mt ln u mi phm. y th nhng no dm gii thch, m ch by t ni vui mng vi nhng ai cng chung ch hng vy thi.

Nguyn Chng dch v ch thch. Qung hng Gi-lam,


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Ma an c, Pl. 2527- 1983.

[1] Danh v tht l mi quan h gia l lun v thc tin, gia ngnng v thc ti; y l ti quan trng chung cho cc h t tng caTrung quc; nht l Lo Trang, h t tng m Tng Du chu nh hngrt nhiu trc khi bit n o Pht. Trong phn m u ca bi ta ny,Tng Du gii quyt nhng mu thun tranh lun gia cc h t tngTrung quc v vn Danh Tht bng thuyt Nh ca Trung lun nhc trnh by Chng 24 "Qun T Thnh ."

[2] Huyn gii , t ca Trang t, ch trng thi vt ln tt c sng vcht, bun v vui. Trang t "Dng Sinh Ch": "Thch lai phu t thi d,thch kh phu t thun d. An thi nhi x thun, ai lc bt nng nhp d. Cgi v th chi huyn gii."

.Gii thch ca Ct tng (T42n1824_p0002c02), c hai ngha: (a) S tunhn ca B tt thnh tu v s qun chiu ti o trng c hin l by gi hon ton vt ngoi nhng ni bun vui sng cht; ging nh n bun v ni vui khng len vo c tm t. (b) c tri buc gi l huyn(treo) khng c tri buc gi l gii (ci). C tri buc ch cho b tri bucvo cc thin chp on v thng; cc kin chp khi vng bt c gl gii.

[3] Thin ng , s chng ng thin lch hay phin din, ch cho hng Nh tha chng ng sanh khng m khng t ng c php khng.

[4] Ym tr , tr tu do nhm chn sanh t vi n lc gp rt i vo Nit-bn vnh vin tch dit.

[5] Cnh gii , gi tit tho khng b lung lay. S t, "Cu bin"; "ccnh gii nh bt ty h, nguyn m tin thnh chi d gio"

. Ct Tng (T42n1824_p0003a21): Cnh gii y c

ngha l ch tit ; gi cht kh s tri v t cho l rt ro, khngchuyn hng tiu tm v i tha.

[6] i tm , tm hn hp nh quan i him yu. Ct Tng(T42n1824_p0003b13), dn Kinh Th: "Nht nhn th i, vn phu mctin." .


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[7] Nh t ; Ct Tng dn Nit bn: "Sanh t chi tht t, cp d Nit bn tht t." .

[8] Hoc th chi , Ct Tng (ibid.): hoc ngha l m hoc; thngha l hng th. y ch hng Tiu tha hiu sai lm v th su xa cPht.

[9] Huyn ch , ni theo th d "ngn tay ch mt trng."

[10] Tc ha . Ct Tng dn chng Tng Triu: "o vin h tai, xcs tc chn. Thnh vin h tai, th chi tc thn."

Li dn thm Ta Thp nh mn lun: "Ng i gic mng cnh, tc bch ho d an quy." y,nh vy, tc ha ch cho ngha tt c cc php vn v sanh.

[11] Huyn ng chi tn . T ng ny thng ch cho cc nhHuyn hc Trung quc ch yu l Lo Trang. y, mn n bao gcc nh siu hnh hc n .

[12] Triu trit , ngha en, thu trit ch ni trong mt bui mai; ych s n ng. T ng ny ly t Trang t, thin i tng s: "D sanhngoi h nhi hu nng triu trit. Triu trit nhi hu nng kin c".

. . Ct Tng dn Quch Tng gii thch:"Khin sanh t, vong ni ngoi, hot nhin v tr, kin c nhi tc, c vtriu trit d." . Sau ligii thch thm: "Bt sng triu nhi trit l" , chng y mt bui mai m thu trit l.

[13] ng ng , Ct Tng dn KinhTh: "Vng o ng ng, vthin v ng." .

[14] Xung giai , Xung tc xung h; Lo t: "o xung nhi dng chi". Giai ch giai on, y ch B tt a. B tt a c thnh tu

do qun khng, do gi l xung giai.

[15] Huyn mn , mn t ca Lo T: "Huyn chi hu huyn, chngdiu chi mn." .

[16] Trn mai , cnh cy tr tri khng l. y ch hng phm phucha c mt cht Thnh tr.


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[17] Kh ty , cy a, ch Nh tha vi tr tu ym ly sanh t, th chngtch dit.

[18] Xch huyn , thng ni l "Thn chu xch huyn" chton b lnh th Trung quc.

[19] Hu khm ; Ct Tng, y ch cho tng ch trng yu: hu (chng) ch s trng yu bn trong; khm (vt o) ch s trng yu bnngoi.

[20] Thm php ; ch cho php ca i tha.

[21] Bch lun , -b B tt (rya-Deva) to, B-tu Khai s(Vasu[bandhu?]-Bodhisattva) gii thch Hn dch, Cu-ma-la-thp; i 30,

No 1596. [22] Ch i tr lun, Long Th B tt to, Cu-ma-la-thp dch; i 2 No 1509.

[23] Thp nh mn lun , Long Th B tt to; Cu-ma-la-thpdch; i 30 No 1568.

Chn Thnh Cm T S B Thch N Chn Hin Trao Tng

Th Vin Hoa Sen Cun Sch Ny Nhn Dp Ban Bin Tp n Thm S B Vo u Xun Gip Thn 2004 ti Hu (Tm Diu)

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CHNG I: QUN NHN DUYN[1]

Khng sanh cng khng dit,

Khng thng cng khng on,

Khng nht cng khng d,

Khng lai cng khng kh;

Kho ni nhn duyn ny [2],

Thin[3] dit nhng h lun.


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Kho ni nhn duyn y,

Thin, dit nhng h lun.

Con ci u l Pht,

Bc thuyt gio nht.

Vi hai bi tng tn thn Pht. Nh vy l ni mt cch c ng v nht ngha.

Hi: Cc Php v lng, sao ch dng tm iu y ph?

p: Php tuy v lng, nhng lc ni tm s th cng gm ph tt cPhp.

Ni l khng sanh, bi v cc lun s c nhiu ch trng khc nhau vtng sanh. C ngi ni rng nhn qu nht th; nhn qu d th; tronnhn trc c qu; trong nhn trc khng qu. Hoc ni rng, sanh ra tchnh n, hoc sanh t ci khc, hoc ni sanh ra t c hai; hoc l c sanhhoc ni khng c sanh. Nhng ch trng v tng sanh y u khnng, iu ny sau s ni rng. V khng th tm thy tnh cht c nh ctng sanh nn ni l Khng Sanh. khng sanh lm th no c hoi ditV khng sanh, khng dit cho nn su iu cn li cng khng.

Hi: Khng sanh, khng dit tng ph tt c php, sao cn ni chuynsu iu?

p: V thnh ngha bt sanh, bt dit. C ngi khng chp nhn bsanh bt dit, nhng li tin nhn bt thng, bt on. Nu thm tm bt thng bt on, th cng tc ng ngha bt sanh,bt dit. Ti sao? N php tht s hin hu th chng phi l Khng. Trc c nay khng tc lon. Nh nu trc c tnh c nh, tc l thng. Th nn ni khnthng, khng on l dn vo ngha khng sanh, khng dit.

C ngi tuy nghe cc php b bc b bi bn trng hp trn, nhng lchng minh s tn ti ca cc php bng bn trng hp khc, v iu nvn khng ng. Nu l nht th th khng duyn; d th th chng tng tSau s ni rng, th nn ni khng nht, cng khng d.


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C ngi nghe dng su s th ny bc b cc php, nhng vn chng mins tn ti ca cc php bng s n (lai) v i (xut). Ni l n (lai) nghl cc php t T Ti Thin, t Th tnh, t vi trn v.v.. n. Ni l (Xut) l i v bn x.

Li na, vn vt khng c sanh. V sao? V theo ci thy hin thc ca thgian, theo ci thy bng con mt ca th gian, th vo bui kip s la khnsanh. Ti sao? V la ht la ca kip s th la hin ti khng th c. Nu la ca kip s m c la hin ti th c sanh; nhng tht chng phi, nkhng sanh.

Hi: Nu khng sanh th c dit?

p: Khng dit. V sao? V theo ci thy hin thc ca th gian vy. The

ci thy bng con mt ca th gian th la ca kip s khng hoi dit; nn dit, l ra nay chng c lu; nhng tht c la, nn khng dit.

Hi: Khng dit th thng?

p: Khng thng. V sao? V theo ci thy hin thc ca th gian vyTheo ci thy bng con mt ca th gian th vn vt khng thng, nh lkhi ny mm th ht ging kia mc r; th nn khng hng.

Hi: Nu khng thng th on?

p: Khng on. Ti sao? V theo ci thy hin thc ca th gian vyTheo ci thy bng con mt ca th gian th vn vt chng on. Nh t la m c mm, nn khng on; nu on th chng tng tc.

Hi: Nh th vn vt l Mt?

p: Khng mt. Ti sao? V theo ci thy hin thc ca th gian vy. Theci thy bng con mt ca th gian vn vt chng phi mt. Nh la kh phi mm; mm l la th l mt. Nhng tht chng phi; th nn khng ph

mt.Hi: Nu chng phi mt th khc?

p: Khng phi khc. V sao? V theo ci thy hin thc ca th gian vyTheo ci thy bng con mt ca th gian th vn vt chng khc. Nu kh


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Li na,

Nh t tnh cc php,

Khng tn ti trong duyn.

V vn khng t tnh,

Nn tha tnh cng khng[9] [2]

T tnh ca cc php khng c trong cc duyn; ch do cc duyn ha hipm c c tn gi. T tnh tc l t th. Trong cc duyn, chng c ttnh. T tnh khng, nn chng t pht sanh. T tnh khng th tha tnhcng khng. V sao? Do t tnh m c tha tnh. Tha tnh i vi tha thcng l t tnh. Nu ph hy t tnh tc hy ph tha tnh. Th nn, khn phi t tha tnh sanh ra. Nu ph t tnh, tha tnh tc ph hy ngha cngtnh.

Nu ni khng nhn, th c li ln. C nhn m cn b ph hung h khngnhn.

Trong bn trng hp y khng tm thy c s sanh, th nn khng sanh.

Hi: Cc nh A-t-m ni: Cc Php do bn duyn m pht sanh. Ti saoni khng sanh? Bn duyn nh th no?

Nhn duyn, th duyn,

Duyn duyn, tng thng duyn;

Bn duyn sanh cc php,

Khng c duyn th nm[10] [3]

Tt c cc duyn c bit n u thu tm trong bn duyn; do bn duyny m mun vt c pht sanh.

Nhn duyn[11], ch tt c cc php hu vi.

Th duyn[12]; tr tm v tm s st na ti hu ca A-la-hn thuc qukh v hin ti, cn li cc tm v tm s thuc qu kh khc.


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Duyn duyn[13] v tng thng duyn[14], ch tt c cc php.

Qu l t duyn sanh,

Hay l phi duyn sanh?

Chnh duyn y c qu,

Hay l Duyn khng qu?[15]. [4]

Nu ni c qu, th qu y t duyn pht sanh hay t phi duyn pht sanh Nu ni c duyn th chnh duyn y c qu hay l khng qu? C haitrng hp u chng ng. Ti sao?

Qu sanh do php y,

Php y gi l duyn.

Nu qu y cha sanh,

Sao khng ni phi duyn? [5]

Cc duyn khng c tnh cht quyt nh. V sao? Nu qu cha pht sanhlc y khng gi l duyn; ch khi con mt thy t duyn pht sanh qu mgi n l duyn. Duyn th tu thnh l do qu th; v qu c sau. duyn ctrc. Nu cha c qu, u c gi duyn. Nh chic bnh l do t, n phi hp m pht sanh; thy bnh th bit t, nc v.v l duyn ca bnh Nu bnh khi cha c, sao khng ni t, nc v.v l phi duyn? Th nnqu khng t duyn pht sanh. T duyn m n cn chng sanh hung l t phi duyn.

Li na:

Qu trc trong duyn,

C, khng u bt thnh.

Trc khng, duyn ci g?

Trc c, cn g duyn?[16]. [6]


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Trong duyn, trc khng c qu, cng chng phi khng qu. Nu trc cqu, khng gi l duyn. V qu trc c. Nu trc khng qu cnchng l duyn; v khng pht sanh vt khc.

Hi: tng ph nhn duyn. Nay mun nghe mi ph cc duyn.

p:

Nh qu khng c sanh[17],

Cng chng phi khng sanh,

Chng phi c khng sanh,

Sao c ni c duyn?[18] [7]

Nu duyn c th pht sanh qu th c ba trng hp: C, khng, hoc vc va khng. Nh bi tng trc ni; trong duyn, nu trc c qu thkhng nn ni sanh; v trc c. Nu trc khng qu cng chng ni sanh, v trc khng c; v trong trng hp duyn hay phi duynu nh nhau. Va c va khng cng khng sanh; va c va khng l nc na khng, c hai u li. Li c v khng tri ngc. Khng v c trngc nhau, th lm th no mt php c th c cng hai tng y? Nh thtrong ba trng hp khng th tm thy c tng sanh ca qu, lm sao n

c nhn duyn?V Th duyn:

Qu nu khi cha sanh,

Th khng th c dit.

Php dit, lm sao duyn,

Nn khng th duyn. [8]

Cc tm vng, tm s php, trong ba thi tip ni sanh khi. Tm s phphin ti hy dit lm th duyn cho tm v tm s php v lai. Nhn php v lai cha sanh th chng lm th duyn cho ci g? Nu php v lai c, tc pht sanh th cn g th duyn? Tm v tm s hin ti thnim nim lin tc chng nh tr[19]. Nu khng nh tr, th th no c


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th lm th duyn? Nu c nh tr th chng phi php hu vi. V saoTt c php hu vi thng l dit tng. Nu hy dit th khng th lth duyn cho ci g c. Nu ni php hy dit nhng vn tn ti ttc l thng; thng th chng c ti phc v.v Hoc ni rng ngay khang dit, n c th lm th duyn; nhng ang dit c ngha l na dit, na cha dit ch khng c php th ba no khc c gi l ci andit. Li na, c Th Tn dy: Tt c Php hu vi nim nim hy dkhng c chng khong mt nim nh tr, lm sao ni php hin ti c skin sp dit v sp cha dit? Nu ng ni rng trong mt nim khng ci sp dit v cha sp dit[20], nh vy l t bc b ch trng ca mnV trong A-t-m ca ng c ni rng: C php dit v php khng ditc php sp dit, v php khng sp dit. Php sp dit l php hin ti smun hy dit. Php khng sp dit l tr php hin ti sp mun hy dicn li cc php khc thuc hin ti v cc php thuc qu kh, v lai v vvi, l nhng php khng sp dit. Cho nn, khng c th duyn.V duyn duyn[21]:

Php chn tht vi diu[22],

Nh Ch Pht ni:

l php khng duyn,

Vy u c duyn duyn.[23] [9]c Pht dy, trong cc php i tha, nhng g hoc c sc, hoc khnsc, hu hnh, v hnh, hu lu, v lu, hu vi, v vi. Nhng php tng nhp php tnh. Tt c u Khng, khng tng, khng duyn. V nh dnsng chy vo bin, ng lm mt v. Tht Php c th tin nhng c nra theo c nghi nn khng th cho l tht. Do , khng c s duyn duyn.

V Tng thng duyn:

Cc php khng t tnh, Nn khng c tng c.[24]

Ni rng: Ci ny c,

Nn kia c.[25] Khng ng. [10]


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Kinh ni v Mi hai nhn duyn rng Ci ny c, cho nn ci kia c.iu y khng ng. Ti sao? V vn php t cc duyn pht sanh, cho nnt n khng c nh tnh. Khng c nh tnh, do khng c tng c.Tng c khng c lm sao c th ni: Ci ny c, cho nn ci kia c. Do, khng c tng thng duyn. c Th Tn ty theo s phn bit c vkhng ca phm phu m thuyt php.

Li na:

Trong nhn duyn ring, chung[26],

Khng th tm thy qu.

Trong nhn duyn nu khng,

Lm sao t duyn khi? [11]

Chng l ch cho s tp hp ca cc duyn, trong khng c qu. Ring lch cho tng nhn duyn ring bit, trong cng chng c qu. Nu trongnhn duyn chung v ring m khng qu, lm th no ni qu t nhnduyn pht sanh?

Li na:

Nu ni duyn khng qu,

M t duyn pht sanh;

Qu y sao chng t

Trong phi duyn pht xut? [12]

Nu khng th tm thy qu trong nhn duyn, th ti sao n khng xut hit ci phi duyn? Nh trong t bn, khng c bnh, th ti sao bnh khngxut hin t sa?

Li na:

Nu qu t duyn sanh;

Duyn y khng t tnh.[27]


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T v t tnh sanh,

Sao c t duyn sanh. [13]

Qu chng t duyn sanh,

Khng t phi duyn sanh.

V qu vn khng c,

Duyn, phi duyn cng khng [14]

Qu t cc duyn pht sanh. Duyn y khng c tnh c nh. Nu khng ct tnh th khng c php; khng c php lm th no c th pht sanh? Thnn qu khng t duyn sanh.

Khng t duyn sanh tc l ph nh duyn, nn ni l phi duyn. Tht ra,chng c php phi duyn. Th nn, khng t phi duyn m sanh. Nu n

khng sanh khi t hai trng hp , th th qu khng c. Khng c qudo duyn v phi duyn cng khng.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

[1] Nhn duyn, hay duyn, Skt. pratyaya: iu kin quan h. Cn phn bivi nhn duyn ch hai yu t nhn (hetu:nguyn nhn) va duyn(pratyaya).TS

[2] Trong bn Skt., cac t bt bt, duyn khi (prattyasamutpdam), dit hlun (prapacopazamam) v thin (zivam) l nhng t ng cch, do dc hiu l ng ngha, va cng ch chung mt thc ti. TS

[3] Thin, trong cc gii thch Hn u hiu l trng t, do thin ditc gii thch l dit tr mt cch kho lo, ton thin. Thin trong bSanskrit l ziva: an n, ct tng, tch tnh... Gii thch ca Prasannapda:

sarvaprapacopamazivalakwaa nirva... cc phm tnh dit h lun, ann (ziva), ch cho Nit-bn. TS

[4] i T Ti thin, hay Ma-h-th-la thin (Skt. Mahezvara), bit danh cZiva (Thn Thp-b), Thng , hay Thn sng to th gi, vn vt; mchi phi tn ngng thuc n gio.


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[5] Vi-nu thin (Viwu), Thng , hay Thn sng to. Nguyn l thnMt tri. Cng vi Brahman, v Ziva, hp thnh Tam v nht th (trimrtihay Cha Ba ngi ca n gio. TS

[6] Ct Tng, Trung qun lun s (i 42, tr. 15a): dn -b, C mt phngoi o ch trng trc khi c loi ngi, tn ti mt ngi nam v mngi n.T hai ngi ny sinh ra vn vt; do ni l sinh t s ha hipBn Skt., Akutobhaya (V y lun): zvarapuruwobhaya-..., t Cha tri, tLinh hn nguyn thy, t c hai... TS

[7] Ct Tng, sd. : ch trng ca phi Minh s. Th gii khi nguyn ts ti tm mng mui. Ch trng ny lin h vi thuyt Prakfti ca S lu(Sankhy). TS

[8] Ngi Long Th B tt mun chng ta nhn nh li hoc hiu thm v nhn duyn sanh mt cch hu l, khng ri vo thin kin, m chp, cnh. Pht Php l bt nh php. N phi c th hin qua thi giankhng gian, ty cn c ca mi tng lp nhn sanh, trnh tr thc haykm tr thc. Bnh trm trng ca nhn loi chng sanh l bnh thin kin, cchp; cc php thng tn, on dit, hay l do Thng , Phm Thisng to v.v. chnh nguyn nhn c chp lm tr ngi con ng kha phng t ti gii thot. C chp l khng c tinh thn uyn chuyn, m tmt, tm hn khong i, nhn lnh v quan st cng tn chn l phqut, tan din. Ni rng cc php c nhn duyn sanh; s tht ngy naykhng ai cn ngh rng s vt trong v tr ny l t v nhn hay ngu nhinc, m khng phi t nhiu nhn t, phng tin iu kin hp thnh, nhci bn, ci gh. Ngay bn thn chng ta, cng do nhiu nhn t hpthnh Nhng chng ta ng khng nh rng tt c u do nhn duysanh m c chp nhn duyn.

[9] Cc php do nhn duyn sanh l chnh n khng c t tnh. T tnh lch bn th thng tr m Long Th B Tt gi l Znya, tnh chn khngBn th ny khng phi t nhn duyn hay phi nhn duyn. Do t tnh bn th chn khng l tnh bt sanh bt dit

[10] Nhng nu chng ta quan nim rng, ngoi php nhn duyn sanh cmt t tnh thng tr khc, thuc phi nhn duyn, quan nim nh th cnl sai lm thin kin. Cn c quan nim v hu nhn duyn, phi nhn duynv.v l cn cc bin chp trc c khng.


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1) Ci i khng i.

Cha i cng khng i.

Ngoi ci v cha,

ang i cng chng i.[3]

Ci i khng i, v i. Nu la s i m c tc nghip i[4] th khngng. Ci cha i cng khng i, v s kin i[5] cha c. Ci ang i cngha mt na i, na cha i; v n khng ngoi i v cha i.

Hi:

2) C i trong c ng[6];

Trong y c ang i,

Ch khng phi , cha,

Vy ang i c i[7].

Ty theo ch no c tc nghip th ch y c s kin i. Theo ci thy ccon mt, c tc nghip trong khi ang i. Trong ci i th tc nghip dit; trong ci cha i th cha c tc nghip. Th nn bit trong khi ang c s i.

p:

3) Lm sao khi ang i,

M c s kin i[8]?

Nu la s kin i,

Ci ang i khng th.Ci ang i c s kin i, iu ny khng ng. V sao? La s kin ikhng c ci ang i. Nu la s kin i m c ci ang i[9] th mi c thni trong ci ang i c s kin i, cng nh trong a kia c tri cy[10].

Li na:


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4) Nu ni ang i i,

Ni nh vy l sai.

La i, c ang i,

ang i, i mt mnh[11].

Nu ni rng khng c s kin i trong ci i v cha i, nhng ci angi tht s c i[12]; ni nh vy l sai. Nu la s kin i m c ci ang th khng cn n s lm nhn cho nhau. Ti sao? Nu ni ci ang i c skin i, nh vy l c hai s i. Nhng s tht khng nh vy. Do khnth ni la s kin i c ci ang i.

Li na:

5) Nu ang i c i[13];

Th c hai s i:

Mt l ci ang i,

Hai, s i ang i[14]

Nu ni ci ang i c s i, ni nh vy l sai lm ch c hai s i: ml do s kin i m c ci ang i, hai l trong ci ang i c s kin i.

Hi: Nu c hai s i c li g?

p:

6) C hai s kin i,

Th c hai ngi i[15].

V la ngi i ra,S i khng th c.

Nu c hai s kin i, tc c hai ngi i. V sao? Do s kin i m cngi i. Mt ngi m c hai s kin i v hai ngi i th chng ngTh nn ci ang i cng khng i.


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Hi : La ngi i khng c s kin i, th c th ng. Nhng nay trong bathi quyt nh c ngi i.

p:

7) Nu la ngi i ra,

S i chng th c.

V chng c s i;

Lm g c ngi i?

Nu la ngi i; s kin i chng th c. Nay lm th no trong s kikhng i m ni rng ba thi quyt nh c ngi i?

Li na:

8) Ngi i th khng i,

Ngi khng i chng i.

La ngi i, chng i,

Khng ngi i th ba.

Khng c ngi i, v sao? Nu c ngi i th c hai trng hp: hoc lngi i, hoc l ngi khng i. Ngoi hai ngi ny, chng c ngi th ba.

Hi: Nu ngi i c i th c li g?

p:

9) Nu ni ngi i i;

Lm g c ngha ny.

Nu la s i ra,

Ngi i, khng th c.


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Nu ni, quyt nh c ngi i thc hin s kin i; ni th th khng nTi sao? V la s kin i, ngi i khng th c. Nu la ngi i mquyt nh c s kin i th ngi i mi c th thc hin s kin i, nhs tht chng phi vy.

Li na:

10) Nu ngi i c i,

Th c hai th i

Mt l ngi i i,

Hai l ci i i.

Nu ni ngi i thc hin s kin i th c hai li, l trong mt ngi i mc hai s i: Mt l do s kin i tu thnh ngi i, hai do ngi i tuthnh s kin i. Ngi i tu thnh ri, sau mi thc hin s i. iu khng ng, th nn trong 3 thi quyt nh c ngi i dng ci i, chngng.

Li na:

11) Nu ni ngi i i,

Ni vy l sai lm.

La i c ngi i.

Ngi i c s i.

Nu ni ngi i thc hin s kin i th c li: la s kin i c ngi Ti sao? Ni rng ngi i thc hin s kin i; th l ngi i c trc, smi c s kin i. Nhng iu khng hp l. Ba thi khng c ngi Li na, nu quyt nh c s i v ngi i th phi c s ct bc u tnhng trong ba thi khng tm thy c s ct bc. V sao?

12) i chng ct bc[16];

Cha i khng ct bc;

ang i khng ct bc;


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Ngi i m khng ng l v s i cha chm dt. Ngc li i gi lng. Ngi khng i cng chng ng. Ti sao? Nhn s kin i chm dmi c ng; khng i th chng ng. La ci ngi i v ci ngi khngi, khng c ngi th ba no ng. Nu c ngi th ba no ng thngi y ch c th l ngi i hay ngi khng i. V th, khng th nngi i no ng.

Li na:

16) Ngi i m l ng.

Lm g c ngha ny;

Nu la s kin i,

Ngi i chng th c[19].

ng ni rng: Ngi i y ng iu ny khng ng. V sao? La s kii, ngi i chng th c. Nu ngi i trong tnh trng i, th lm th nc th ng? i v ng tri hn nhau vy.

Li na:

17) Cha i th khng ng;

ang i cng chng ng;

Mi bin hnh, nh ch,

u cng ngha s i.

Nu ni ngi i c ng th ngi ny phi ng trong ba trng hp i, cha i v ang i. Nhng c ba trng hp chng c ng. Th nn nni ngi i c ng l khng ng. Cng nh s bc b s kin i v skin ng, s bc b cc s kin bin hnh v nh ch cng ging nh vS bin hnh l nh t ht ging la tng tc n khi ny mm m chtri l v.v S nh ch ch l ht ging la mc r, th mm, nhnh, l cnr. S tng tc l s bin hnh. S gin on l s nh ch.

Li nh duyn v minh m c cc hnh cho n lo t, th gi l hnh[20]V minh dit nn cc hnh dit v.v gi l ch.


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Hi: ng tuy bng mi cch bc b s i, ngi i; s ng, ngi nM theo ci thy ca con mt th vn c s i, ng.

p: Ci thy ca con mt tht chng th tin. Nu tht c s i, ngi i, tdo mt php thnh hay hai php thnh tu? C hai u c li. V sao?

18) S i tc ngi i,

iu y th khng ng.

S i khc ngi i,

iu y cng chng ng.

Nu s kin i v ngi i l mt th khng ng, m khc cng chngng.

Hi: Mt v khc c li g?

p:

19) Nu ni s kin i,

Cng chnh l ngi i.

Tc gi v tc nghip,C hai phi l mt.

20) Nu ni s kin i,

C khc vi ngi i.

La ngi i c i,

La i, c ngi i.C hai trng hp nh vy u c li, ti sao? Nu s kin i tc l ngi, th l thc lon ph hy nhn duyn. Do s i m c ngi i; nhnngi i mi c s i. Li s i l php, ngi i l nhn. Nhn th vnthng, m php th vn v thng. Nu c hai l mt th c hai hoc uthng, hoc u l v thng. Nu c hai l mt th c nhng li nh th


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Nu la sc qu ra,

Nhn ca sc cng khng. [1]

Nhn ca sc; nh nhn ca vi l si. Ngoi si khng c vi, ngoi vkhng c si. Vi nh sc, ch si nh nhn.

Hi: Nu la nhn ca sc m c sc th c li g?

p:

34)La nhn sc c sc,

Th sc y khng Nhn.

Khng nhn m c Php,Th iu y khng ng. [2]

Nh l si c vi, th vi y khng nhn; khng nhn m c php, trong thgian khng h c iu .

Hi: Trong php Pht, php ngoi o v php th gian, u c nhng phkhng nhn. Nh Php Pht th c ba th v vi. V vi l thng nn khngnhn. Php ngoi o th c h khng, thi gian, phng s, bn ng, vtrn[4], Nit-bn v.v Trong php th gian, h khng, thi gian, phngs, ba php y chng c ch no l khng c nn gi l thng. Thng chnn khng nhn. Ti sao li ni th gian khng c ci g l khng nhn?

p: Php khng nhn ny ch c ngn thuyt, nu suy ngh phn tch thchng khng thc hu. Nu php do nhn duyn m c th khng nn nikhng nhn. Nu khng nhn duyn, th nh ti ni.

Hi: C hai th nhn; mt l tc nhn hai l ngn thuyt nhn.[5] Phpkhng nhn y khng c nhn to tc m ch c nhn ngn thuyt khinngi ta bit n c.

p: Tuy rng c nhn ngn thuyt nhng cng khng ng. H khng sc bc b trong Phm Lc chng. Nhng th cn li s c bc bsau.


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[2] Nhim gi l ngi b tham, sn, si, i v.v.. lm nhim hoc ngto cc th nhim phin no.

[3] Mun tm nhim t u c. N c trc ngi to nhim hay c sauLong Th B tt gii by trong bi tng th 3-4 rng: Nu nh cho rntrc tin c ngi nhim (nhim gi), trc c ngi nhim mi nhng nhim dc vng (nhim php) xut sanh. Quan nim trc c ngnhim ri sau c nhim khng ng. y c ngha nhim sn c trongmi ngi ri. c sn trong mi ngi th cn u c nhim hoc cn ci nhim bn ngoi nhim na. Nh nu cho rng con ngi trc khnc nhim. Nhim gi khng c, th cng khng c, nhim php v khinhim.

[4] Bn Hn ni l hp v thng cho php hiu l ha hp. Ting Phn

y l sahabhva, nu dch st, ni l cng hu hay cng th. Tc l c hacng tn ti trong mt nht th (ekatva). Hai khi nim, sahabhva, vekatva, y l cn bn ca cc quan im nht nguyn lun v nh nguynlun, l hai lun quan trng hng u trong lch s t tng n . TS

[5] t cu 4-5 Ngi bi bc cho rng nhim gi v nhim php l ng thc, ngi nhim v php nhim l mt, l khc. Nhim gi v php nhim khng th ng thi c, bi v nu ngi nhim v php nhim ng lc th khng c s tng quan v tng i. S tht trong th gian l khngi to nhim tham sn v.v v tham sn nhim php xut c snng ta lin quan gia nhim gi v nhim php. Nhim gi v nhi php l mt cng khng ng. Nu mt th khng th ni hai bn ha hipnhau. V ch l mt c ci no khc na m ha hip. Cn nhim gi vnhim php khc nhau cng khng ng. Cu cui Long Th B tt c ktni khc ni ng, hip hay khng hip, u l trong php tng i. Chnh bn th chn khng (Snya) l khng phi hip. Sanh t tc Nit-bn, phino tc B .

[7] hiu kh hn bi tng ny, cn lu s cu to t ng ca tiPhn. T sahabhva ni gm hai t saha, cng nhau, v bhva, tn tiTrong t saha li gm sa: n v ha (do dha); c ni li; ngha l hai ci nc ni li. Nh vy, t mu thun ngay trong khi nim nh nguyn vnht nguyn, lun tng a ra mt pht biu ngch l: sahya vinpi sahtrong ci saha, khng c ci sa. TS


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[8] Trong Nho gio, Ngi Mnh T ni: Nhn chi s Tnh bn thin: tnhcon ngi u tin vn l thin. Ngi Tun T ni: Nhn chi s Tnh bc: Tnh u tin con ngi vn l c Cn Dng Hng ni, Tnh hnhp, ngha l thin c ha ln nhau. Nhng li ni ca cc nhn vt Nhogio ni ngun gc tnh con ngi l thin, l c v.v.. Li ni ng haykhng, nn xem li l lun ca Long Th B tt trn y th r.

[9] Vn hp v khng hp, ting Phn l saha, asaha. Vn cng l luim cn bn trong cc lun gii A-t-m. l cc php cu hu (saha), lmi quan h tn ti v hot ng ca tm v tm s, hay tm s vi tm sV vy, c mt nhn thc chnh xc v bn cht hot ng ca b mtm l, cn nhn thc r ngha saha ny. TS

---o0o---

CHNG VII: QUN BA TNG[1]

Hi: Kinh ni: Php hu vi c ba tng, sanh, tr, dit. Vn vt sanh rdo bi s kin sanh, tr do bi s kin tr v dit do bi s kin dit. Tnn c cc php.

p: Khng ng. Ti sao? ba tng khng tht th. Ba tng y l hu v c th biu hin cho tng trng hu vi? Hay l v vi c th biu hcho tng trng hu vi? C hai trng hp u khng ng. V sao?

60)Nu sanh l hu vi,

N phi c ba tng.

Nu sanh l v vi,

Sao gi tng hu vi? [1]

Nu sanh l hu vi, n phi c ba tng sanh, tr, dit. iu y khng n

Ti sao? V tnh cht tri ngc nhau. Tri ngc ch tng sanh phkhin cho php sanh, tng tr phi khin cho php tr, tng dit phkhin cho php dit. Nu khng php khi sanh khi, khng th c tnh chtri ngc l tr v dit cng mt lc. Nh nh sng v bng ti khng nthi. Bi th nn sanh khng th l php hu vi. Tr tng v dit tncng nh th.


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Hi: Sanh chng phi l hu vi, nhng nu l v vi th c li g?

p: Nu sanh l v vi, lm th no c th biu hin cho php hu vi? Vsao? Php v vi khng c th tnh. Nhn bi dit hu vi m ni l v vi. Thnn ni Khng sanh, khng dit l tng v vi. Ch v vi chng c ttng. Cho nn, php m khng hin hu th chng th biu hin cho phno c. Nh lng ra, sng th v.v khng th lm tng trng cho phg c. Th nn sanh chng phi l v vi. Tr v dit cng th.

Li na:

61)Ba tng hay t tn,

Khng th c S tng.

Lm sao cng mt ch,

ng thi c ba tng[2]. [2]

Nhng tng sanh, tr, dit, mi tng ring bit c th biu hin cho phhu vi? Hay s ha hp ca chng c th biu hin cho php hu vi? C htrng hp u khng ng. Ti sao? Nu ni mi mi ring bit, th tronmt x s hoc c tng hu hoc c tng v, khi sanh th khng c tr vdit; khi tr th khng c sanh v dit; v khi dit th khng c sanh v tr

Nu ni cng ha hp; nhng nhng tnh cht tri ngc nhau lm sao cth c mt trong cng mi lc? Nu cho rng mi mt tng hu vi ncng c ba tng ca n, nh vy l khng hp l. V sao?

62)Ni rng sanh, tr, dit,

Li c tng hu vi.

Nh vy thnh v cng.

Nu khng, phi hu vi. [3] Nu ni mi tng sanh, tr, dit cng c ring tng hu vi ca n th sany li c sanh, c tr v c dit. Nh vy, ba tng ny li c thm ctng trng ca chng. Nu vy s tr thnh v cng[3]. Nu chng khnc thm cc tng trng na chng chng phi php hu vi, cng khng th biu hin cho php hu vi.


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t sanh ca sanh. V sao? Bn sanh sanh ra t sanh ca sanh, lm th no cth sanh ra sanh ca sanh? Php sanh ca sanh ng l sanh ra bn sanh mnay sanh ca sanh khng th sanh ra bn sanh. Sanh ca sanh cha c t thlm th no c th sanh ra bn sanh? Th nn bn sanh khng th sanh rasanh ca sanh?

Hi: Sanh ca sanh y khi ang sanh ra, th c th sanh ra bn sanh; chkhng phi l trc hay sau. Nh vy, sanh ca sanh ngay khi sanh ra th cth sanh ra bn sanh.

p: Khng ng. V sao?

66)Sanh sanh nu ang sanh,

C th sanh bn sanh.

Nhng sanh sanh cha c,

Sao sanh c bn sanh.[5] [7]

Nu ni sanh ca sanh khi ang sanh, lc c th sanh bn sanh; iu nytm ng. Nhng tht s sanh ca sanh cha c, th nn sanh ca sanh khang sanh chng th sanh ra bn sanh.

Li na:

67)Bn sanh nu ang sanh,

C th sanh sanh sanh.

Nhng bn sanh cha c,

Lm sao sanh sanh sanh. [8]

Nu ni bn sanh khi ang sanh c th sanh ra sanh ca sanh th tm chnhn. Nhng tht s bn sanh cha c, cho nn bn sanh khi ang sanhkhng th sanh ra sanh ca sanh.

Hi:

68)Nh ngn n t chiu,


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tu thnh, cn g sanh na. Nh ci c lm ra ri khng cn phi lmra n na. Hoc sanh, hoc cha sanh, c hai trng hp u khng sanDo khng c s sanh.

Trc ng ni s sanh cng nh ngn n; c kh nng t chiu v chiu ckhc. S y khng ng. Tr v dit cng th.

Li na:

74)Sanh khng sanh sanh,

Cng khng cha sanh sanh,

ang sanh cng chng sanh,

Chng "Kh Lai" p.[7] [15]

Sanh ch cho cc duyn ha hp m pht sanh. Trong ci sanh khng cntc ng, nn khng sanh. Trong ci cha sanh, lm th no c tc ng, nnkhng sanh. ang sanh cng khng ng; v la ci ang sanh th s kinsanh cng chng th c; lm sao ci ang sanh li sanh c? Vn ny c gii p trong phm Kh lai.

Php sanh khng th sanh. V sao? V sanh ri li sanh na, nh thxoay chuyn thnh ra v cng. Nh ci c lm ra ri li cn lm ra naLi na, nu sanh ri li sanh na, th do php sanh g m sanh? Nu santng y cha sanh m ni rng ci sanh y sanh ra th t mu thun vlun c ca ng. V sao? Tng sanh cha sanh ra m ng gi l sanh. Ncha sanh m ni sanh th php c th do sanh m sanh, hay l c th docha sanh m sanh? trn ng ni ci sanh sanh ra nh vy l khng xcnh. Li na, nh ci t th khng th t na. Ci i th khng thi na. V nhng nhn duyn nh th, ci sanh khng th sanh, ci chasanh cng chng sanh. Ti sao? Php nu cha sanh th khng ha hp vduyn ca sanh. Nu khng ha hp vi duyn ca sanh, th khng c phpsanh ra. Nu php cha phi hp duyn ca sanh m li sanh ra, th l ra lmm khng c s kin lm, i m khng c s kin i, nhim m khng c snhim, sn m khng c s kin sn, si m khng c s kin si; th l phhy php th gian. Th nn, php cha sanh chng sanh. Li na, nu phcha sanh m li sanh, th php cha sanh ca th gian u phi sanh; tt c phm phu cha sanh B nay phi sanh B . A-la-hn bc bt hoi vchng c phin no, l ra nay phi sanh phin no. Con th v.v vn khn


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[1] Nguyn theo bn Phn hin ti l Qun hu vi (Saskfta-parkw ph phn khi nim hu vi.

[2] Ba tng l sanh tng, tr tng v dit t ng. Thng thng quanim rng: Tt c cc php hu tnh u c ba tng l sanh, tr v di Ngha l cc php sanh ra th an tr v tiu dit, l l v thng v binchuyn. Long Th B tt li c quan nim c th mun chng ta truy succ php hu tnh v tnh, thuc php hu vi y c ba tng sanh, tr vdit, bng cch no. Nu c nh chp nh th, theo Ngi cho l khnxc tht. Cho nn trong cu 3-4-4, Long Th B tt dy rng, nu php hvi u c 3 tng th sanh cng c tr dit, tr cng c sanh dit.. v nh

th v cng ci sanh tr dit. Li na, trong mt php khng th no nthi c ba tng khc nhau. Bi v nu php sanh, th khng phi l tr ldit. Php tr th khng phi l sanh l dit. Ba tng khi tr khi tn, chnn khng c s tng nht nh. Nu n khng c s tng nht nh, th nl v vi, ch khng phi hu vi.

[3] y Lun ch a ra nguyn tc nghch suy v cng m trong phng php lun ca trit hc phng Ty gi l gim tr bi l. Vn c rt dn cho n ch t n chng t n l v l.

[4] Cu 80 ni rng ba tng khng th cho l v cng nh on trn cp. Bi v khi c php sanh, n lin quan n by php m thi. by phptrng phng lc l: 1) Php, 2) Sanh, 3) Tr, 4) Dit, 5) Sanh sanh, 6)Tr tr, 7) Dit dit. Bn thc trc l Php, Sanh, Tr v Dit, chng tm hiu nh trn. Cn mn sanh sanh l c t bn sanh m c. Bn sanhc hiu nh mt th ct cn sanh ra ci s sanh, ri t ci s sanh sancc php gi l sanh sanh, ri t sanh sanh c su php hu vi kia. Csanh sanh tc c tr tr, c tr tr tc c dit dit.

[5] T cu 81- 84 a ra mt nghi vn na. nu cho rng ci sanh sanh c lt ci bn sanh, th ci sanh sanh lm th no sanh ra ci bn sanh. Ci sanhsanh n cn cha c, hung h c th sanh ra ci bn sanh, v ci bn sanhsanh s sanh cng th.

[6] T cu 10 11 ly ngn n th d sanh sanh c th pht ra bn sanhv bn sanh c th sanh ra ci sanh sanh. Nh vy, n t n c kh nngchiu sng v chnh n cng c chiu sng ci khc lm tan bng ti.


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[7] Cu 15 ni ngc li, nu ngn n c th t n chiu n v c th chisng ci khc th ci ti cng c th t n ti v lm ti ci khc, ti v snghai i tng tng phn nhng rt tng quan tng h. Bi v khng sth khng ti. Khng c ti th khng sng. Bit c c sng l nh c tv ngc li.

[8] T cu 90 tr xung l lun v tr dit cng ng nh sanh. Mc cca Long Th B tt l mun l lun tn cng, nhm dp thin kin chtrc c nh nh th ny, th khc. Cc php duyn sanh khng t th, khhip gi l sanh, l tr, khi tan r gi l dit. Tuy nhin bn th chn khn(Snya) khng v nhn duyn hip tan m c sanh dit. Phm phu tr cnsng khng phn bit vng kin, nhn gi lm chn, nh ngi nm mnthy cnh trong mng cho l tht. Song n ch l mng o. Cc Php sanhtr d bit cng l nh th Nh chim bao, o huyn khng chn tht.

[9] D m. La-thp dng in Trung quc dch. Trang T Nam hoa kinhD m d, trn ai d. Sinh vt chi d tc tng xuy d. Nga ng, tc lkhi bi vy. Sinh vt ly hi m thi nhau vy. Tc ch hi nng trong cng rung bc ln lm hoa mt, trong thy nh by nga ang chy.

---o0o---

CHNG VIII: QUN TC, TC GI[1] Hi: Hin thc c s to tc, c tc gi v tc php c vn dng. Ba sth ny phi hp cho nn c qu bo, th nn bit c tc gi v tc nghip.

p: T trc ti nay trong mi chng, ph tt c php, chng cn phno. Nh ph ba tng, sinh, tr, dit. V ba tng khng nn chng chu vi. V hu vi th chng c v vi. Hu vi, v vi khng, th tt c phpu khng. Tc v tc gi, nu thuc hu vi, trong on hu vi php phhy. Nu thuc v vi, cng hy ph trong v vi. ng l khng nn lpli. V tm chp trc ca ng qu su dy nn li Hi na. Nay s p:

95)Tc gi nu thc hu,

Khng to nghip thc hu.

Tc gi khng thc hu,

Khng to nghip bt thc.[2] [1]


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Nu trc tin tc gi thc hu[3] v tc nghip thc hu, th khnth c s to tc. Bng trc tc gi khng thc hu, tc nghip khng thhu th cng khng c s to tc. V sao?

96)Nghip thc hu khng tc,

V nghip khng tc gi.

Tc gi thc khng tc,

V tc gi khng nghip. [2]

Nu trc tin tc nghip l thc hu, th chng cn n tc gi. Nu ri gi m c tc nghip, th l ra c nghip c to. Nhng iu y khnng. Hoc trc tin tc gi l thc hu, cng khng cn c tc nghip Nu ri tc nghip m c tc gi th iu y khng ng. Hoc trc tin tgi l thc hu, cng khng cn c tc nghip. Nu ri tc nghip m c tgi th iu y khng ng. Do tc gi thc hu v tc nghip thc hu khng th c s to tc. Tc gi khng thc hu v tc nghip khnthc hu th cng khng th c s to tc. V sao? V bn lai n vn khngc. C tc gi v c tc nghip m cn khng th to tc, hung l khng tgi v khng c tc nghip.

Li na:

97)Nu tc gi thc hu,

V tc nghip thc hu.

Tc gi to tc nghip,

Lin ri vo v nhn. [3]

Nu trc tin tc gi l thc hu v tc nghip cng thc hu m ng ch

rng tc gi c to tc l v nhn. La tc nghip c tc ga, la tc gi c tnghip; th khng t nhn duyn m hin hu.

Hi: Nu khng t nhn duyn m c tc gi v tc nghip th c li g?

p:

98)Nu ri vo v nhn,


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ng co rt li trong nn khng th b cht; th th khi cht u, thn ngcng co rt li vo trong khng th cht. Nhng tht s c cht. Th n bit, m la kh vui v.v.. trc c thn ng ch l ngn ng h di khngtht.

Li na, nu ni thn ln th thn ng ln, thn nh th thn ng cng nh Nh ngn n ln th nh sng ln. Ngn n nh th nh sng cng nhTh l thn ng ty theo thn, chng phi thng. Nu theo thn, thnkhng, thn ng chng c. Nh ngn n tt th nh sng hy dit. Nu thng l v thng tc ng vi mt, tai, kh vui v.v.. Th nn bit, la mtai v.v. trc chng ring c thn ng.

Li na, nh ngi b bnh phong cung, chng c t ti i nhng vikhng nn lm m lm. Nu c thn ng lm ch cc hnh ng th sao ni

l chng c t ti? Nu bnh cung lon khng lm no hi thn ng thra la thn ng ring c s hnh ng. Nh th mi mi xt k, la mt, tv.v.. v nhng php kh, lc v.v.. trc chng c bn tr. Nu qu quyt nrng la cc cn mt, tai v.v.. v cc php kh lc v.v.. m trc c bn trth khng c l y. Ti sao? Nh y ni:

110)La cc cn mt, tai ,

M ni c bn tr;

Cng nn la bn tr,C mt, tai vn vn.[2] [4]

Nu la cc c quan mt, tai v.v.. v nhng php kh lc v..v m trc c bn tr, th nay nhng con mt, tai v.v v ci kh, lc v.v cng nn la bn tr m c.

Hi: Hai s kin y c th tch ri nhau. Song gi s c bn tr th sao?

p:111)Do php bit c ngi,

Do ngi nhn thy php.

La php u c ngi,


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mun ph v ci c v khng tt phi ni n chng; ch khng phi v nn c v khng m cho l chp nhn c. y l ty theo ngn thuyt ca thgian nn khng c li. Nu cho rng c th ming ni l c th chp nhvy th li bc b ca ng chnh l t bc b. La v ci cng nh th. Tuc ni n, nhng khng phi tha nhn. Th nn, dng nht th hay d th t duy v la v ci, c hai u khng tu thnh. Ti sao?

119)Nu la tc l ci,

Tc, tc gi l mt.

Nu la khc vi ci,

La ci ra c la.[2] [1]

Ci t l la; ci b t l ci. Tc gi l ngi, tc l nghip. Nu la vci l nht th, th tc, tc gi cng th. Nu tc v tc gi l nht th th th gm v chic bnh cng l mt. Tc gi l ng th gm, tc l chi bnh. ng th gm khng phi bnh, bnh chng phi ng th gm, lm sac nht th? Tc, tc gi khng phi mt th la v ci cng chng phmt. Nu ni rng nht th chng c th d th cng khng ng. V sao Nu la v ci khc th la ci ra, ring c la. Phn bit rng y l ci, l la th bt c u khng ci t c la bc chy, nhng tht khng phvy, th nn d th chng c.

Li na:

120)Nh th la thng chy,

Khng cn dng n ci.

Chng cn cng t la,

Cng l la v tc. [2]

Nu la v ci khc bit th la khng cn ci m thng t bc chy. Nthng bc chy, la s tn ti vi t th ca n, khng cn nhn duyn; cng ca ngi tr thnh v ch. Cng ca ngi l ngi gip cho lachy. Nhng cng tc y hin c, th nn bit la v ci khng phi hai dth bit lp.


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Khng chy th khng tt,

Khng tt th thng tr. [5]

Nu la v ci l hai d th bit lp th la khng i n vi ci t chci. Ti sao? V chng khng quan h nhau thnh tu. Nu la khng dtng quan m thnh tu, th t n tr bn v ca n, cn g n ci? Thnn, n chng n tip xc. Nu khng n th s khng t ci b t. Tsao? V khng c trng hp khng tip xc m c th t chy. Nu khnchy, chng c tt, nn thng tr t tng. iu y khng ng.

Hi:

124)La v ci d bit,

M c th n ci.

Nh ngi ny n kia,

Ngi kia n ngi ny. [6]

La v ci d bit m la c th n vi ci, cng nh ngi nam n vngi n, ngi n n ngi nam.

p:

125)Nu ni la v ci,

C hai tch ri nhau.

Nh th la c th,

i n t ci kia. [7]

Nu la la c ci, hoc la ci c la chy, mi ci t thnh, nh th lmi c th n t ci; m s tht khng phi vy. V sao? La la khng ci, la ci khng th c la. Nhng nay la ngi nam c n, la ngi nc nam, th nn d ca ng bt thnh. La chng th n vi ci.

Hi: La v ci nng nhau m c. Nhn ci c la; nhn la c ci. Hai skin y quan h nhau m thnh.


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bit v v c sai lm v d th cho nn c ba trng hp u bt thnh. Cnh th v th gi, tt c cc php ngoi gii nh ci bnh v ci o v.v. ng nh trn ni. Chng khng sanh khi, rt ro l khng.

Th nn:

135)Ngi no ni c nga,

V cc php d bit;

Nn bit ngi nh th,

Khng thm nhun Pht Php. [15]

Cc php t xa n nay vn khng sanh; rt ro l tng tch dit. Th n cui chng ni bi tng ny. Ngi no ni c tng ng, l ch cnh c t b ni rng, khng th ni sc tc l ng, khng th ni la sc ng. Ng thuc v nhm th nm gi l bt kh thuyt tang. Nh cnh Tt-b-a ch trng tng trng sai bit ca cc php rng, y lthin, y l bt thin, y l v k, y l hu lu, v lu, hu vi, v vi v.vsai bit. Nhng ngi nh th chng chng c tch dit tng ca c php; em li Pht dy to thnh nhng h lun.

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[1] Nguyn ting Phn, Agnndhana, la v ci (hay nhin liu). Nhng tla v ci trong bn Vit; trong bn Hn u l nhin v kh nhin, t v t. TS

[2] t l ch la chy, "t, kh t" l ch vt b t nh ci. on n

ging nh on trc ni v tc v tc gi, th v th gi (lnh th v nglnh th) la t v d cho ngi th, kh t v d cho vt lnh th. V tgi, tc nghip.

[3] La t v ci vt b t khng phi mt, cng khng phi khc. Nmt; tc la vi ci khng khc. nu l khc th la v ci khng lin hnhau, la khng th lm chy ci. Cng nh ngi to tc v vt to l m


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th ngi ta c th ni ngi lm bnh vi ci bnh l mt. Nh vy khi gci bnh, th ngi lm bnh cng c th c gi l ngi bnh Trong tcgi c bnh, trong bnh c tc gi Cn vng chp l cha nhn chn php vi diu ca Pht php vy.

[4] bn: kh nhin tc phi nhin. Cc bn Tng-Nguyn-Minh: Nhkh nhin v nhin. i chiu bn Phn: indhana punar agnir na, ngnianyatra cendhant, li na, ci khng phi l la; nhng ngoi ci khng cla.

[5] bn: nhin v hu kh nhin. Cc bn Tng-Nguyn-Minh: nhindic v kh nhin. Bn Phn ni: ngnir indhanavn, la khng l ci cci ; trong , indhanvat (c-ci) l tnh t pht xut ca danh t indhana(ci), y c hiu l thut t (tc v ng) lm chc nng phm nh ch

danh t agni (la). Quan h danh t v tnh t nh y l cn c ng ph phn tch quan h th v tng. y cng l iu cn lu . TS

[6] Trong bn Hn, bi tng cng gm 5 cu.

---o0o---

CHNG XI: QUN BN T

Hi: Trong kinh V bn t c ni: Chng sanh qua li sanh t, nhngkhng th tm thy bn t. Trong y kinh ni c chng sanh, c sanh t, vnhn duyn g m ni li y?

p:

136)c i Thnh dy rng:

Bn t khng th c,

Sanh t khng c u,

Cng li chng c cui. [1]

Thnh nhn c ba hng: 1) Ngoi o chng ng thn thng. 2) A-la- hnBch-chi Pht. 3) i b tt c thn thng. c Pht i trong ba hng


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l hn ht, nn ni l i Thnh. Nhng li Pht dy khng iu no lkhng chn tht. Ni Sanh t khng c khi u l v sao? Tm trc vsau ca sanh t khng th c, th nn khng c u. ng ni trc v sakhng c, th l ra c khong gia. Cng khng ng. Ti sao?

137)Nu khng c u cui,

Lm g c trung gian.

Th nn trong y,

Khng va trc va sau.[1] [2]

Nhn gia v sau nn c u, nhn u v gia nn c sau. Nu khngu, khng sau; lm th no c gia? Trong sanh t, khng c u, gia vsau. Th nn ni trc sau cng lc l khng th c.

138)Gi s trc c sanh,

Ri sau c lo t.

Khng lo t c sanh,

Khng sanh c lo t.[2] [3]

139)Nu trc c lo t,

Ri sau mi c sanh.

Th l khng c nhn;

Khng sanh, c lo t. [4]

Chng sanh sanh t; nu trc sanh ra, dn dn gi yu, ri sau mi ch Nh th s sanh m khng c s gi cht. Theo l sanh phi c gi cht, gcht phi c sanh; khng gi cht m c sanh l khng ng. Li na, nhnsanh m c gi cht. Nu gi cht c trc, sanh c sau; th gi cht khngc nhn, v sanh sau gi cht. Li, khng sanh lm th no c gi cht Nu ni, sanh, gi v cht khng th trc sau, nhng ng thi tu thnth cng c li, v sao?

140)Sanh i vi gi cht,


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Khng th cng mt lc.

V khi sanh l cht,

Th c hai khng nhn. [5]

Nu sanh, gi v cht ng thi th khng ng. Ti sao? V khi sanh tc lc cht. Theo l khi sanh l hin hu, lc cht l khng cn. Nu khi sanh ccht, iu y khng ng. Nu ng thi sanh th khng h tng quan h Nh cp sng con tru cng lc xut hin, cho nn khng h tng quan h

Th nn:

142)Gi s trc sau chung,

y u l khng ng.

Ti sao m h lun,

Ni c sanh, gi, cht. [6]

V suy ngh c ba trng hp sanh, lo, t u c li; cho nn khng sanhrt ro khng. Nhng nay v sao m chp h lun, ni quyt nh c sanhlo, t ?

Li na:

142)Nhng g thuc nhn qu,

Php nng tng, s tng,

Th, th gi vn vn,

K tt c cc php. [7]143)Chng nhng ch sanh t,

Bn t khng th c.

Nh th tt c php,


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M ni do ngi kia,

C th t to kh. [4]

Nu ni con ngi t to kh, th la ci kh ca nm m ra, u c congi ring bit c th t to kh? Phi ni rng, chnh con ngi , ckhng th ni. Th nn, kh khng phi con ngi t to. Nu ni con ngkhng t to kh, nhng ngi khc to kh ri mang n cho ngi ncng khng ng. V sao?

148)Nu kh ngi khc to,

Ri mang cho ngi ny.

Nhng nu la ci kh,

u c ngi ny th. [5]

Nu ngi khc to kh ri mang n cho ngi ny; th la nm m, khnc con ngi th ny.

Li na:

149)Nu kh ngi kia to,

Mang n cho ngi ny.

La kh no c ngi,

M trao cho ngi ny? [6]

Nu bo ngi kia to kh ri trao cho ngi n th la s kh ca nm ra u c con ngi kia to kh mang n cho con ngi ny. Nu c, th phi nu r tng trng ca n.

Li na:

150)Kh t to khng thnh,

Lm sao kia to kh.

Nu ngi kia to kh,


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Tc cng gi t to. [7]

Bng mi nhn duyn xt, th con ngi kia t to kh bt thnh, m nrng do ngi khc to kh, cng khng ng. Ti sao? V y v kia i nhau. Nu ngi kia to kh th i vi ngi kia, cng gi t tkh. T to cc kh, trc ph. V ch trng t to kh ca ng khthnh, cho nn ngi khc to cng khng thnh.

Li na:

151)Kh khng gi t to;

Php khng t to php.

Ci khc khng t th,

Sao c kia to kh. [8]

T to kh, khng ng. V sao? Nh con dao khng th t ct n. Cngth, php khng th t to ra php. Th nn, khng th t to. Ngi khto cng khng ng. V sao? Ngoi kh, khng c t tnh ca ngi kia. Nu la kh c t tnh ca ngi kia, th mi c th ni con ngi kia tkh. Nhng con ngi kia cng chnh l kh, lm sao kh t to kh?

Hi: Nu t to; tha to u khng ng. vy c th c chung cng nhato?

p:

152)Kh kia, y nu thnh,

Mi c chung to kh.

y, kia cn khng to,

Hung l v nhn to. [9]

T to, tha to cn c li hung l v nhn to. Nhn to c nhiu li, nh ph trong chng "Tc v Tc gi".

Li na:


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153)Khng nhng ni ci kh,

Bn trng hp bt thnh.

Mi vn vt ngoi gii,

Bn trng hp cng khng. [10]

Trong Pht Php tuy ni nm th m l kh, v c ngoi o ni, kh th lkh, th nn ni chng nhng ni i vi kh, bn trng hp u khnthnh; m vn vt bn ngoi nh t, nc, ni, cy v.v.. tt c php khng thnh.

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[1] Qun cc php kh do t u c, n do t mnh lm nn kh, hay sngi khc, hoc do bn ngoi to kh. Kh khng th t n to ra kh, vnh th thnh v nhn, khng nhn kh thnh qu kh, cng bt thnh. Ncho rng v c thn ng m ny nn c kh. Nh vy thn ng m to rkh, hay do to kh m c thn ng m. Thn ng m ny v thn ng mkhc, trc sau nh th no? L ng hay khc? y cng ging nh ccchng trc, bi bc ng, d, t tc, tha tc v.v

---o0o---

CHNG XIII: QUN HNH

Hi:

154)Nh kinh Pht c ni,

Php b cp[1] l di.

Cc hnh b cp ot,

Cho nn l h di. [1]


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Hi: Sc tuy khng quyt nh, nhng sc ca hi nhi dit ri tng tc sanh khi; cho n ti sanh khi sc khi lo nin; nh vy khng c li nhtrn.

p: Sc ca hi nhi nu tng tc sanh khi; l hy dit ri tng tc sahay l khng dit m tng tc sanh? Nu sc hi nhi hy dit, lm th nc tng tc? Bi v khng nhn. V nh, tuy c ci b t nhng la dinn khng c tng tc. Nu m hi nhi khng hy dit m tng tc th shi nhi khng dit l thng tr bn tng cng khng tng tc.

Hi: y ti khng ni do hy dit hay khng hy dit m tng tc phsanh; ti ch ni n khng nh tr, m sanh khi theo tnh cht tng t chonn n tng tc sanh khi.

p: Nu ng ni th y th c sc xc nh ri li pht sanh na, nh ths c ngha l c mun vn th sc sanh ra, song iu y khng ng. Th cng khng c tng tc. Nh th, trong tt c mi trng hp, tm k csc, khng c tng quyt nh; ch v do ngn ng th tc m c thi. Nhni cy chui, tm li tht khng th c, ch c b l. Nh th, ngi tr sunghim v sc tng, mi nim mi nim hoi dit, khng c tht sc c th c c. Sc hnh sc tng khng nh tr, tng t tip ni phsanh; kh c th phn bit. Nh ni nh la, phn bit sc quyt nh ca nchng th c. Th nn, sc do khng c t tnh, nn khng, ch do ngng th tc m ni c.

Th v.v.. cng nh th. Ngi tr qun st bng mi cch, thy rng v ntip ni tng t nn sanh v dit; kh c th phn bit m bit. Nh dnnc tng tc chy. Ch do s gic tri m ni c ba th th thn. Thnn, phi bit th cng c ni nh sc.

Tng, do bi danh tng m pht sanh, nu la danh tng th khng sanhTh nn Pht dy, Phn bit, bit danh t tng nn gi l tng. Nkhng phi quyt nh c trc. T cc duyn pht sanh nn khng c tnhquyt nh. V khng c nh tnh, nh bng theo hnh; nhn hnh c bng;khng hnh th khng bng. Bng khng c tnh c nh. Nu quyt nh c,th la hnh, nn c bng; m tht khng nh th. Th nn t cc duyn phsanh v khng t tnh nn khng th hin hu. Tng cng nh th, chnhn danh tng bn ngoi, do ngn ng th tc m c.

Thc do bi sc, thanh, hng, v, xc; v mt, tai, mi, li, thn m phsanh. V cc cn mt v.v.. ring bit, nn thc n c s ring bit. Thc y


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Li na, v cc php khng t tnh nn h vng, v h vng nn khng. Nh bi tng ni:

156)Cc php v d bit,

Nn bit khng t tnh.

Php khng tnh cng khng,

V tt c Php khng.[2] [3]

Cc php khng c tnh. V sao? Cc php tuy sanh khi, nhng khng trt tnh, th nn Khng tnh. Nh a hi nhi nu quyt nh thng tr ttnh s khng bao gi tr nn a b bit b cho n lo nin. Nhng hi nhi theo s tng tc tip ni c xut hin tng d bit t bit b cn lo nin. Th nn ni, v thy tng d bit ca cc php nn bit khnt tnh.

Hi: Nu cc php do tng d bit nn khng c t tnh; vy th c phpvn v tnh, iu y c li g?

p: Nu khng t tnh lm th no c php? Lm g c tng. V sao? Vkhng ci gc, m ch do ph tnh nn ni khng c tnh. Php v tnh nuc th khng ni rng tt c php u khng, nu tt c php u khng, l

th no c php v tnh?Hi:

157)Cc php nu v tnh,

Lm sao ni hi nhi.

Cho n lc lo nin,

C rt nhiu d bit? [4]

Cc php nu khng t tnh th khng c tng d bit; m ng ni c tnd bit nn mi c tnh ca cc php. Nu khng c t tnh ca cc phplm sao c tng d bit?

p:


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Nu chnh php y l d bit, th sa l ra phi l b, ch khng cn nhduyn; iu y khng ng. V sao? V sa v b c nhiu s sai khc nhaunn sa khng th chnh l b. Th nn, chnh php khng phi l d bi Nu cho rng, php khc l d bit, cng khng ng. V la sa chng c vg thnh ra b. Nh th suy ngh chnh php khng phi l d bit. Nucho rng php khc l d bit, cng khng ng. Va la sa chng c vt gthnh ra b. Nh th suy ngh chnh php khng d bit, php khc cngkhng d bit. Do , khng nn c s chp phin din.

Hi: D bc b khng phi chnh ci hay ci khc, vn cn c tnhkhng. Tnh khng chnh l php?

p:

161)Nu c php bt khng,Th mi c php khng.

Tht khng php bt khng,

Lm sao c php khng? [8]

Nu c php bt khng, do quan h nhau, c th c php khng. M t trn nay dng mi cch ph php bt khng. Khng c php bt khng,

th khng c s i i nhau; do khng c s i i nhau, lm th no c php khng?

Hi: ng ni v php bt khng khng c nn php khng cng khng c. Nu th, chnh l ni v khng. Nhng v khng c s quan h i cho nn khng nn c chp trc. Nu c s tng i th phi c quan hi i. Nu khng c tng i, th khng quan h i i. Khng c quanh i i nn khng c tng, v khng c tng, nn khng c chp. Nhth chnh l ch trng c tnh khng.

p:162)i thnh ni php khng,

V la kin chp.

Nu li thy c khng,


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Ch Pht kh ha . [9]

c i Thnh v ph 62 th kin chp v cc phin no nh v minh, thami v.v nn ni tnh khng. Nu ngi i vi tnh khng li pht sanhkin chp, ngi y khng th ha . Th nh, ngi c bnh cn unthuc iu tr, nu thuc li thnh bnh th khng th iu tr. Nh la ci pht xut, dng nc ti c th mt; nu n t nc pht sanh la tdng g dp tt? Nh tnh khng l nc, hay hy dit c cc l phin no. C ngi ti nng, tm tham lam chp trc su dy, tr tu cct, nn i vi tnh khng pht sanh kin chp, hoc ni, c tnh khnghay ni khng c tnh khng. Nhn ni c, khng tr li sinh khi phinno. Nu dng khng m ha ngi ny, th h ni rng, Ti lu nay bit khng y. Nu la khng, chng c i Nit-bn. Nh kinh dy, La bmn khng, v tng v v tc m c th gii thot, y ch l ni sung.

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[1] Hn: vng th tng, tng ca s chp th mt cch sai lm. Bn Phni: mowa-dharma: php h vng, cng c ngha php b cp ot. LunCu-x phm 1 tng 7 ni: cc php b v thng nut chng.

[2] Qun hnh l qun tng cc hnh nghip h o v minh. Trong kinhc Pht thng din by, nhng th vng tng v cc th th chp mhoc. V Ngi cng ch by phng php cc hnh tu hnh ch qun, dptr cc h vng th chp. Vic lm ca c Pht l ty theo phng tin, duyn, khi ni c, khi ni khng. Ni c dp thnh kin chp khng; nikhng gt b quan nim th hu. S tht tt c u v tnh. V tnh nkhng c ci g gi l tht c th chp h vng. Nhng nu li chp c ckhng tnh, cng l ri vo h vng, m chp.

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CHNG XIV: QUN HIP

Trong chng ph cn trn[1] ni: s thy, ci b thy, v ngi thy, khng thnh. V ba iu ny khng c php d bit nn khng hip. Nay sni ngha khng hip.

p:

163)Thy, b thy, ngi thy,


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Khng d bit y kia. [7]

ng ni v phn bit vi tng ph qut nn c tng d bit; do bi tnd bit m c s th d bit. Nu vy, tng d bit t cc duyn pht sannh th l chp nhn n l php do cc duyn; v la tng d bit s khnc s th d bit c. Tng d bit nhn php d bit m c, khng th c m thnh. Nay trong php d bit cng c tng d bit. Trong phpkhng d bit cng khng tng d bit. V sao? Nu tng d bit tron php khng d bit th chng gi l php d bit. Nu c hai trng hp khng tc khng c tng d bit, v tng d bit khng c, php ny v php kia cng khng. Li na, v php d bit khng c nn cng khnghip.

170)Php y khng t hip,

Php khc cng chng hip.

Ngi hip ci ang hip,

V php hip u khng. [8]

Chnh php ny khng kt hp vi t th ca php ny, v l mt; cng nhmt ngn tay khng th t hip. Php khc cng khng hip, v khc. S thkhc thnh ri khng cn hip na. Nh th m suy ngh, php hip khn

th c. Th nn ni, tc gi hip, ci ang hip, v s kin hip u khnth hin hu.

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[1] Tc chng V Qun lc tnh.

[2] Qun hip ngha l qun cc php ha hip nhau, hay khng ha hipnhau. Trong cu 179, Long Th B tt a ra mt t d: S thy (kin), v b thy (kh kin) v ngi thy (kin gi) ba th v tr khc nhau, lm t

no m ha hip c. Mt th ti thn, sc trn ngoi thn, ngi th(bn ng) th trong thn hoc khp cc ch. V tr tr x khc nhau khngth hip li c.

2 Cu 181 ni tng s nh d php, ngha l php tng khc nhau, chnhn c th hip. Nh vy khi thy cng nh lc nghe, lc nm, khng khnhau. S tht th thy, nghe v nm c khc nhau nn d tng hip khng


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thnh. Khc hay khng khc, khc khc hay khng khc khc, ngoi nhngth ny khng c g gi l khc. Do phn bit m c khc hay khngkhc, hip hay khng hip. Nu bit rng cc php l duyn sanh. C nmt bn mt th u l sai lm thin kin; ngi hip, php hip, lc hiphuyn ha. Tt c u khng. Hp tan l l ng nhin ca lut sandit..

[3] Ct Tng, Trung qun lun s 7: y l ch trng ca Thnh tht lunTS

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CHNG XV: QUN HU V[1]

Hi: Cc Php thy u c t tnh v c lc dng. Nh chic bnh c t tnca bnh, vi cng c t tnh ca vi. Khi no cc duyn ha hip, tnh xut hin phi khng?

p:

171)Trong cc duyn c tnh,

iu y th khng ng.

Tnh xut hin t duyn,

Phi l php to tc.[2] [1]

Nu cc php c t tnh, khng th xut hin t cc duyn. V sao? Nu xuhin t cc duyn th l php to tc, khng c t tnh c nh.

Hi: Nu t tnh ca cc php c tc thnh t cc duyn, th sai lm chno?

p:

172)Nu tnh do to tc,

Lm sao c ngha ny.

Tnh khng do to tc,


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Khng l thuc php khc. [2]

Nh vng ln ln ng th chng phi vng rng. Cng th, nu c t tnth khng cn n cc duyn. Nu t cc duyn m xut hin nn bit chn phi l tht tnh. Li na, tnh nu c nh th khng cn phi l thuc ckhc mi c th xut hin. Khng phi nh di v ngn, ci ny v ci kiaV chng khng c t tnh quyt nh, nn phi l thuc ci khc mi c.

Hi: Cc php nu khng c t tnh, vy chng c th c tha tnh?

p:

173)Php nu khng t tnh,

Lm g c tha tnh.

T tnh i tha tnh,

Cng gi l tha tnh. [3]

V do cc duyn to ra, v cng v do i i m thnh cho nn cc php vnkhng c t tnh. Nu th, tha tnh i vi tha tnh cng l t tnh, bi tcc duyn m sinh. Do nng nhau nn cng l khng, khng lm th noni cc php t tha tnh pht sanh v tha tnh cng l t tnh.

Hi: Nu la t tnh v tha tnh m c cc php th c li g?

p:

174)La t tnh, tha tnh,

Lm sao c cc php.

Nu c t, tha tnh,

Cc php mi c thnh. [4]

ng ni la t tnh v tha tnh m c cc php; iu ny khng ng. Nula t, tha tnh, khng c cc php. V sao? C t tnh, tha tnh th php mic th tu thnh. Th d nh chic bnh l t tnh th y phc cc th l thtnh.


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[2] Qun hu v l qun tt c cc php hu vi, v vi, cc t tnh haykhng t tnh. Cc php nu tht c t tnh ring bit th n khng b thayi bin dch. Cn nu n khng t tnh, th tha tnh cng khng. Ngoi thatnh v t tnh tm khng thy c tnh no khc. Chp cc php c nh tnhth mc phi li chp thng (thng kin). Chp cc php khng c ntnh th b li chp on (on kin). Ngi c tr tu sng sut, khng nchp thng, on, hu, v v.v khng mt php no c tnh quyt nhv tt c u do nhn duyn ha hip, hnh thnh lun lun thay i, khng php tng no nht nh mi mi

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CHNG XVI: QUN PHC GII

Hi: Sanh t chng phi hon ton khng cn bn; trong y nn c chngsanh lun chuyn. Nu cc hnh c lun chuyn, th v nhn duyn g ngni chng sanh v cc hnh u khng, khng c lun chuyn?

p:

182)Nu cc hnh lun chuyn;

Thng, khng th lun chuyn.

V thng, cng khng th.Chng sanh cng nh th.[1] [1]

Cc hnh lun chuyn trong sanh t lc o, chng lun chuyn nh lthng hay v thng? C hai u khng ng. Nu chng lun chuyn nhl thng s khng c dng tng tc ca sanh t, v c nh, v vnh vian tr vi t tnh. Nu chng lun chuyn nh l v thng, li cng khnc dng tng tc ca sanh t lun chuyn, v khng c nh v v khng ct tnh. Nu cho rng chng sanh c lun chuyn cng c li nh th.

Li na:

183)Nu chng sanh lun chuyn,

Trong cc un, x, gii;


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Nm th tm u khng,

Ci g s lun chuyn? [2]

Sanh t, un, x, v gii u cng mt ngha. Nu chng sanh lun chuyn trong un, x v gii ny, th chng sanh khng th c tm thy di nmtrng hp nh trong phm Nhin kh nhin. Vy ai s l ngi luchuyn trong un, x v gii y?

Li na:

184)Chuyn t thn n thn,

Nh vy l khng thn.

Nu nh khng c thn,

Th chng c lun chuyn. [3]

Nu ni chng sanh lun chuyn, vy n lun chuyn nh l c thn hay lkhng thn? C hai khng ng. V sao? Nu n lun chuyn nh l c thnth phi t mt thn ny n mt thn khc; nh th n lun chuyn mkhng c thn. Li nu trc c thn, th khng th t thn ny n thkia. Nu trc khng thn, th n khng c. N khng c, lm th no c thlun chuyn sanh t?

Hi: Kinh ni c Nit-bn, l s dit tn tt c kh. l s dit tn chnh? Hay s dit tn chng sanh?

p: C hai u khng ng. V sao?

185)Ni cc hnh dit tn,

iu u khng ng.

Ni chng sanh dit tn,

iu y cng khng ng. [4]

ng Hi, Hoc cc hnh dit tn hay chng sanh dit tn? iu y trc p. Cc hnh khng c t tnh, chng sanh cng khng t tnh. Kho st


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di mi trng hp, vn khng th thy c s lun chuyn sanh t. Tnn cc hnh khng dit tn, chng sanh cng khng dit tn.

Hi: N th, khng c tri buc v gii thot, v khng th nm bt cn bn?

p:

186)Cc hnh l tng sanh dit,

Khng buc cng chng m.

Chng sanh nh trc ni,

Khng buc cng chng m. [5]

ng ni cc hnh v chng sanh c tri buc v ci m, khng ng. V cchnh nim nim sanh dit nn khng th c buc hay m. Chng sanh, nhtrc ni, khng th tm thy di nm trng hp. Lm th no c tr buc v gii thot?

Li na:

187)Nu thn gi l buc,

C thn th khng buc.

Khng thn cng khng tri,

Ch no m c tri. [6]

Hoc ni, thn nm m gi l tri. Nu chng sanh trc c nm m, thkhng th tri buc. Ti sao? V mt ngi c hai thn. Khng thn cngkhng th tri. Ti sao? Nu khng thn, khng c nm m. Khng nm mnn l khng. Lm th no c th b tri? Cng th, ci th ba cng khngth b tri.

Li na:

188)B tri truc s tri,

Mi tri ci b tri.


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Nu c ngi khi ln ngh, TA la cc th m c Nit-bn th chnhngi y b tri buc bi th.

Li na:

191)Khng la ni sanh t,

M ring c Nit-bn.

Ngha tht tng nh th,

Ti sao khi phn bit? [10]

Trong nht ngha ca tht tng cc php, khng ni la sanh t ring c Nit-bn. Nh kinh ni, Nit-bn tc sanh t, sanh t tc Nit-bn. Trontht tng cc php nh th, lm th no ni, y l sanh t, y l Ni bn?

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[1] Phc l ni sanh t phin no tri buc. Gii l m, gii thot phino sanh t. Phin no sanh t khng c t tnh. Khng nh tnh lm thno c th tri buc chng sanh trong ba ci sanh t lun hi. Khng c phin no tri buc th khng cn ci m. Khng gii kt, khng tri

phc. Sanh t tc Nit-bn, phin no tc B . Tm Pht chng sankhng ai khc. Trong chn l Nht Ngha , khng ni la sanh t,ring c Nit-bn. Nh kinh ni: Sanh t tc Nit-bn, phin no tc B.

---o0o---

CHNG XVII: QUN NGHIP

Hi: ng tuy dng mi cch ph cc php, nhng nghip quyt nh c

nn khin tt c chng sanh th qu bo. Nh kinh ni: Tt c chng sanu ty nghip th sanh. Nh k lm nhng vic c a vo a ngc; ngtu phc sanh thin ng, ngi hnh o c Nit-bn. Th nn, tt php chng th khng.

Nghip y l:


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195)Thn nghip v khu nghip,

Biu cng v biu nghip[3].

Nh th trong bn iu,

Cng c thin, bt thin. [4]

196)T dng sanh phc c,

Ti sanh cng nh th.

V t l by php,

Nu r tng cc nghip. [5]

Khu nghip, bn nghip thuc khu. Thn nghip, l ba nghip thuc thBy loi nghip ny c hai th sai bit, biu v v biu; khi ang hnh nn c gi l biu nghip[4]; Sau khi hnh ng n vn tim tng lchuyn nn gi l v biu nghip[5]. Hai th y c thin v bt thin. Bthin l khng trnh xa vic c. Li c nhng phc c sanh ra t s thdng, nh ngi th ch b th cho ngi th th; nu ngi th y th dth th ch c hai phc, mt l do chnh s b th ca mnh v hai l sth dng ca ngi kia. Nh ngi dng mi tn bn k khc, nu mi tgit cht ngi th c hai th ti, mt l do t chnh s bn ca mnh v hl do t s cht ca ngi khc. Nu bn m khng cht, ch mc ti bkhng c ti git. Th nn trong bi tng ni: Ti v phc t th dng m pht sanh. Nh th gi l su th nghip. Th by l t nghip. By th nchnh l tng trng sai bit ca nghip. Nghip y c qu bo i ny, sau. Th nn quyt nh c nghip, v c qu bo; cho nn cc php chngth l khng.

p:

197)Nghip tr n th bo, Nghip y tc l thng.

Nu dit tc v thng,

Lm sao sanh qu bo. [6]


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pht sanh. Th nn t ht la c dng tng tc. T dng tng tc c quTrc ht c ht ging sau c qu, cho nn khng on cng chnthng. Cng nh v d v ht ging y, nghip qu cng nh th. Tm na ti s pht khi ti v phc, cng nh ht ging la. Do bi tm y, mdng tng tc ca tm v tm s php ny pht sanh, cho n khi to qu bo. Nghip c trc, qu c sau nn khng on cng khng thng. Nla nghip c qu bo th b li on thng. y, nhn duyn ca thinghip l:

202)Hay thnh phc nghip y,

Do mi bch nghip o.

Nm dc lc hai i,

Tc qu bo bch nghip. [11]

Bch tc l thin, tnh. Nhng nhn duyn thnh tu phc c y phsanh t mi bch nghip o. Mi bch nghip l, khng st sanh, khntrm cp, khng t dm, khng ni di, khng ni hai li, khng ni li ckhng ni li v ch, khng tt , khng sn gin v khng t kin. gl thin, pht sanh t thn, khu, . Qu bo ca chng l c danh li i ny v i sau sanh vo ni tn qu trong ci nhn, thin. S b th,cung knh v.v tuy c nhiu loi phc c khc na, nhng tm tt li cn

c bao gm trong mi thin nghip o.p:

203)Nu phn bit nh ng,

Li kia th rt nhiu.

Th nn ng ni ra,

Ngha y tt khng ng. [12] Nu do nghip, qu bo tng tc, dng t d ht la ging, li rt nhisong trong y khng ni rng. ng ni d ht la ging, d y khng ngV sao? Ht la ging c xc chm, c hnh tng nn c th thy l ctng tc. Ti suy ngh vic y cn cha nhn li ng, hung l tm vnghip vn khng xc chm, khng hnh tng, khng th thy, sanh di


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la-hn v cc phm phu n hy dit sau khi cht. Ni rng, Trong y phn bit hu lu, v lu, ngha l i vi cc Hin Thnh nh Tu--hov.v.. th cn phn bit hu lu, v lu.

p: ngha y u khng la c li on, v thng. Th nn cnkhng th chp nhn.

Hi: Nu th khng c qu bo ca nghip sao?

p:

211)Tuy khng cng khng on.

Tuy c m khng thng.

Qu ca nghip khng mt,

y gi li Pht dy.[11] [20]

ngha m lun ny ni l la c on, thng. Ti sao? V nghip rt rkhng; l tng tch dit; t tnh la c; th php g c th on? php no cth mt? Ch v nhn duyn in o m qua li trong sanh t, cngkhng phi l thng. V sao? Nu php t in o pht khi tc l hvng khng tht; khng tht nn khng thng. Li na, v tham m io, chng bit tht tng, cho nn ni Nghip khng mt. y l li Phdy.

Li na:

212)Cc nghip vn khng sanh,

V khng tnh c nh.

Cc nghip cng khng dit,

V chng chng sanh vy. [21]

213)Nu nghip c t tnh,

y tc gi l thng;

Khng to cng gi nghip,


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th tc. Nu nghip trc c th ma ng khng th ngh vic ma xunma xun khng th ngh vic ma h; c nhng li nh th.

Li na, ngi lm phc v k to ti s chng c sai bit. Khi nghip th, tr gii v.v gi l phc; khi nghip st sanh, trm cp v.v.. gi l toti. Nu khng to m c nghip th chng phn bit!

Li na, nghip nu quyt nh c tnh, th mt lc th qu bo ri li nth na. Th nn, ng ni do php khng mt nn c nghip bo c nh, cnhng li nh th.

Li na, nu nghip t phin no khi; phin no chng quyt nh, ch nh tng phn bit m c. Nu cc phin no khng tht, nghip lm thno c tht? Ti sao? V nhn khng t tnh, nghip cng khng t tnh.

Hi: Nu cc phin no v nghip khng t tnh, khng tht. Nhng naythn qu bo hin c, nn phi tht?

p:

218)Cc phin no v nghip,

L nhn duyn ca thn.

Phin no cc nghip khng,

Hung l c cc thn. [27]

Cc bc Hin Thnh ni, phin no v nghip l nhn duyn ca thn. Trony tham i c kh nng lm ti nhun s sanh; nghip c kh nng a qu bo tt, xu, sang, hn v.v.. vi mc thng, trung v h. Nay bnmi cch xt nghim m khng thy c tnh quyt nh ca cc phin nv nghip, hung l c qu bo quyt nh ca cc thn. Ti sao? V qu bty nhn duyn.

Hi: ng tuy dng mi cch, ph nghip v qu bo. Nhng trong kinh nc ngi to nghip. V c ngi to nghip, nn c nghip c qu bo.

Nh ni:

219)B v minh che lp,


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B i kt rng buc.

Nhng tc gi, th gi;

Khng khc cng khng mt. [28]

Trong kinh V th ni chng sanh b v minh che lp, do i kt rng buc,qua li trong sanh t t v th, th nhng kh vui. Ngi i nay th vi ngi to i trc, khng phi mt cng chng phi khc. Nu mt ngi to ti chu hnh tru, tc ngi khng lm tru, tru khng lmngi. Nu khc th mt qu bo ca nghip, ri vo v nhn. V nhn lon dit. Th nn ngi th i vi ngi to trc, khng phi mt cchng phi khc.

p:

220)Nghip khng t duyn sanh,

Chng t phi duyn sanh.

Th nn khng tht c,

Ngi hay khi nghip y. [29]

221)Khng nghip, khng ngi to,

Qu no do nghip sanh.

Nu kia khng c qu,

Sao c ngi th qu. [30]

Nu khng nghip, khng c ngi to nghip, lm th no c qu sanh t nghip? Nu khng c qu bo lm sao c ngi th qu bo? Nghip c ba th. Con ngi gi danh trong nm m gi l tc gi. Nghip y hosanh t ch no thin, c, gi l qu bo. Nu ngi to nghip cn khnhung l c nghip c qu bo v c ngi th qu bo.

Hi: ng tuy dng mi cch ph nghip, qu bo v ngi to nghipnhng nay hin thy chng sanh to nghip, th qu bo, iu y th no?

p:


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222)Th Tn dng thn thng,

Ha ra ngi bin ha.

Ngi bin ha nh th,

Li bin ha ngi na.[12] [31]

223)Nh ngi bin ha u,

y gi l tc gi.

Cc ngi ha to ra,

y tc gi l nghip.[13] [32]

224)Cc phin no v nghip,

Ngi to v qu bo.

u nh huyn nh mng,

Nh quang nng, m vang. [33]

Nh sc thn thng ca Pht bin ha ra mt ngi huyn ha; ri nghuyn ha y, li ha lm ngi ho khc nh th. Ngi bin ha s thkhng c, ch c th trng thy. Li ngi huyn ha y ha khu nghip n php, thn nghip b th v.v..

Nghip tuy khng tht m mt c th thy. Vy nn thn sanh t, tc gi vnghip cng nn bit nh th.

Cc phin no l ba c, phn bit thnh v lng phin no. C 98 s, 9kt, 10 trin, 6 cu v.v.. Nghip l nghip thn, khu, , di nay, i sau phn bit c thin, bt thin, v k. C nhng qu bo kh, lc, khng khkhng lc; nghip hin bo, nghip sanh bo v nghip hu bo. Nh thv.v.., v lng.

Tc gi l ngi hay to khi cc nghip phin no. Ngi hay th qu bl th gi.


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[7] Nguyn Hn: nghip ch tng t. Gii thch ca Thanh Bin, Bt nhang lun 10, php khng mt, cng vi nghip i n i sau. Tcnghip chuyn n i sau, ri bin thi; lc by gii nghip ny c coidit, hay n c thanh ton. Nguyn ting Phn l sakrama, ngha lcng tin hnh, hay cng i. Gii thch ca Ct Tng: ch tc ch c (xemch thch trn). V nghip ch c thng c ba tnh, nn khi kt qu phsanh, qu ny cng mang tnh thin, c hay v k, d ni l tng t.

[8] Giai on bt u thy Thnh , chng Tu--hon hng. Sau titc tu tp chng t Tu--hon qu cho n A-la-hn hng, gi l to. A-la-hn qu thuc v hc o.

[9] Ch tng t, xem cc ch thch trn.

[10] T qu thp vt ln qu cao. y gii thch s tn ti v bo ng cnghip ni cc Thnh gi.

[11] C ngi hi rng: Cc php chp vng tng b cng kch, nhncc nghip khng th khng c. Nh trong kinh ni: Tt c chng sinh t nghip m sinh. K to c, o a ngc, ngi tu phc c sanh thingi tu o c Nit-bn. Cho nn, khng th ni khng c nghip. LonTh B Tt dn li Pht dy: Nghip c ba l t nghip, thn v khnghip. T thn, khu, nghip to ra mui nghip c v mi nghip lnTc gi l thp thin v thp c. Ngi thc hnh nghip lnh th hng qan vui trong hin ti v tng lai. K to ra mui iu c th b qu bo khs. Nghip cn chia hai th l hu lu v v lu. Ngi to phc nghihu lu th c sanh ci nhn thin, hng phc bo. Ngi to nghiv lu l hnh nghip ca Thnh nhn Siu Thng, dit tr nhng phino vi t, v minh, c sanh Nit-bn.

[12] Bin hoc l cc phin no c on tr kin o tc giai ochng nghim bn Thnh v do y m chng Tu hon. T hoc lcc phin no c on tr Tu o tc giai on t duy v tu tp v dy m c bn qu ca Thanh vn l Tu Hon qu, T hm qu, na hm qu v A la Hn qu.

[13] B tt (v tng t) tr ht Trn sa hoc chng c thp a v khi ndit ht v minh hoc lin chng c v thng Pht qu.

ng trn phng din tng i tc th chng ta thy c nghip nhth bo v ngi to nghip chu qu. Trn phng din tuyt i, Chn


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Tch dit, chng h lun.

Khng khc, khng phn bit;

tt gi tht tng. [9]

Nu php t duyn sanh,

Khng mt, khng khc nhn;.

Th nn gi tht tng,

Khng on cng khng thng. [10]

Khng nht, cng khng d,

Khng thng, cng khng on;

y l v cam l,

Gio ha ca Th Tn. [11]

Nu Pht khng xut th,

Pht php dit tn.

Tr cc Bch-chi-Pht,

T ni xa la sanh. [12]

Nu c ai ch trng v thn ng, th c hai trng hp. Hoc nm m tcthn ng. Hoc la nm m c thn ng. Nu nm m l thn ng, thn ngtng sanh dit, nh trong bi tng ni, Nu ng l nm m, y l tnsanh dit. Ti sao? V sanh ri bi hoi. V l tng sanh dit, nm m l thng. Nh nm m v thng, hai php sanh dit cng v thng. V saoSanh dit cng sanh ri bi hoi, nn v thng.

Thn ng nu l nm m; v nm m v thng, thn cng sanh dit tnv thng. Song iu y khng ng. Nu nh la nm m c thn, thn ngchng c tng nm m. Nh trong bi tng ni, Nu thn ng khc nmm th khng phi tng nm m. V la nm m khng c php no na Nu la nm m m c php; bng tng g, bng php g m c?


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Nu ni rng thn ng nh h khng, la nm m m c, cng khng ngV sao? Trong chng Ph lc chng hy ph h khng; khng c php g gi l h khng.

Nu ni do c Tn nn c thn ng; iu y khng ng. Ti sao? Tn c bth: 1) Vic hin c, ng tin. 2) Do loi suy nn tin: nh thy khi bit cla. 3) Th d c th tin: nh trong nc khng c ng, d ng nh vn4) Cc bc Hin Thnh ni ra ng tin; nh ni c a ngc, c thinng, c ci Ut-n-vit. Khng c ngi thy, nhng tin li Thnnhn m bit. Thn ng y khng c nhn bit trong tt c Tn. Trong vihin ti cng khng; trong loi suy cng khng. Ti sao? Loi suy l v trthy, sau so snh cng loi m bit. Nh ngi thy trc la c khi, sach thy khi bit c la. Ngha l thn ng khng phi th, ai c th trthy thn ng cng nm m hip; sau thy nm m bit c thn? Nu ni

ba th loi suy: 1) Nh ci gc. 2) Nh ci cn li.3) L thy chung. Nh cgc, ngha l trc thy la c khi, nay thy khi nh trc bit c l Nh ci cn li, nh l thi la nu cm mt ht cm chn th bit bao nhiht cn li u chn. Thy chung, nh l mt trng thy ngi t y i kia v kia cng thy s i ca n. Mt tri cng nh th, t phng nxut hin n phng ty, tuy khng thy n i nhng v tnh cch i ccon ngi nn bit mt tri cng c i. Cng th, kh, vui, yu, ght, gictri v.v cng phi c ch ta. Nh thy nhn dn trong nc, bit h tt tni vua. iu y u khng ng. V sao? Trong s i do tng chungTrc thy ngi cng s i phi hip m n phng khc; sau thy mtri n phng khc nn bit c s i. Nhng khng c trc thy nm cng thn ng hip, sau thy nm m bit c thn ng. Th nn trong losuy bng tng chung cng khng thn ng. Trong li Thnh nhn ni cngkhng thn ng. V sao? Thnh nhn ni ra l trc mt thy ri sau ni. Lcc bc Thnh nhn ni nhng iu khc u ng tin. Nn bit ni a ngv.v.. cng ng tin. Nhng thn ng khng phi th, khng c trng hptrc thy thn ri sau ni. Th nn trong bn iu tin, ton thn ng khnth c. V tm thn ng chng th nn khng. Th nn ngoi nm mkhng ring c thn ng.

Li na, trong chng Ph lc cn, ph ci thy, ngi thy, ci b thythn ng cng ng ph. Li nh mt nhn thy nhng php th cn khnth nm bt c, hung l c tng v..v h di m c thn ng. Th n bit khng c ng.


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Nhn c ng nn c ng s. Nu khng ng, khng c ng s. Tu tp tm phn thnh o l nhn duyn hy dit ng v ng s, c tr tu quynh v v ng, v ng s. Li v ng, v ng s i trong nht nghcng khng th nm bt c. Ngi c v ng, v ng s c th nhn thcc php mt cch chn tht. Ngi phm phu do ng v ng s ngn chetu nhn, khng th thy s tht. Nay thnh nhn v v ng, v ng s ncc phin no tiu dit. Cc phin no dit ht, cho nn c th thy tntht cc php. V trong, ngoi, ng, ng s hy dit nn cc th cng dit. Vcc th dit, v lng thn sau u dit, gi l V d Nit-bn.

Hi: Hu d Nit-bn nh th no?

p: V nhng phin no v nghip hy dit nn gi l tm c gii thoCc phin no, nghip u t c tng ph

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