UNIREG

IMPULSE

Regionalna sveučilišta kao generator razvojapograničnih područja Hrvatske i Mađarske

Regional Universities as Generatorsof Transnational Knowledge Region

Hungary, 23th November 2010

SNJEŽANA TOLIĆ

The LEADER experiences in Croatia

UNIREGIMPULSE

Regional Universities as Generatorsof Transnational Knowledge Region

P R E S E N T A T I O N C O N T E N T

1. MEET THE RURAL REGIONS IN CROATIA

2. IMPLEMENTATION OF RURAL POLICY AND LEADER

APPROACH IN CROATIA

3. LEADER GROUPS IN CROATIA

4. NEW LAGs INITITATIVES

Croatia is constituted by 21 counties

Counties belong underNUTS3 CLASSIFICATION - rural regions whit minimum 150 inhabitants/m2

only ‘City of Zagreb’ is urban county

Inhabitants in total:± 4.500.000 stanovnika.

Meet Croatia

YearWorkingPopul.

Agricul.worker

% agricul. worker in

total

1961 1.954.269

980.590 50,18

1971 1.819.733

718.043 39,46

1981 1.985.201

414.742 20,89

1991 2.039.833

264.895 12,98

2001 1.952.619

165.942 8,50

Year

Tipes of family farms

Agrarian Part-time Total

No. % No. % No.

19601969198119912003

36731215279

222

56.150.726.714.849.4

287303417456226

43.9

49.3

73.3

85.2

50.6

654615569535448

Table 1. Agricultural worker share rate in number of total worker

Table 2. Types of family farmsin Croatia, thousands

Source: Agricultural censusSource: Census of population, households and wellings 

Total agricultural area(3.137.000 ha)

Total arable land1.981.000 ha

20%

80%

33%

67%

Private family farmsSuccessors of state enterprises

Ownership structure in CroatiaCensus 2001.

Stanovništvo RH staro 15 i više godina prema najvišoj završenoj školi (%)

Gradska naselja

Ruralna naselja

Bez škole 1,70 4,341 – 3 razreda o.š. 2,93 6,544-7 razreda o-š. 6,32 17,51Osnovna škola 17,92 26,64Srednje škole 52,94 39,56Viša škola i stručni studij 5,67 2,05Fakulteti i umjetničke akademije

11,3 2,49

Magisterij i doktorat 0,9

17,87

0,1

4,64Ukupno

I. Instability in sphere of political decision-making Croatia doesn’t have the general strategy of

regional and rural development nowadays there are some regional initiatives

which should be supported by counties autority

II. Educational level 71.5 % of unemployment persons - below

secondary school less than 1% of unemployment persons is

interested in self-employment programs or additional education subsidy programs

Some entrepreneurship restraints

East Croatia is the largest agricultural region in Croatia. It is composed of five counties. Osijek-Baranya county is the most progressive county in East Croatia. Osijek, the largest city centre and greatest consumer of agricultural products in households and food industry of the whole region is situated here. The county has 330.506 inhabitants.

Osijek-baranja countis is the most progresiv county in East Croatia

here is located Osijek, the biggest city in the region

until ’90s - among the most developed regions in Croatia

war situation as well as market loss resulted in BDP reduction by more than 40%

a lot of workers lost the job in non agricultural sector

population moving were accelerated during ‘90s from villages urban/rural population rate nowadays is 63:37

(state average - 52:48)

Osijek-Baranja county ● some general atributes

Agricultural land by types of cultivation Total sown land

Osijek - Baranja countyCounties statistics, 2004.

arable landsand gardens

90%

vineyards 1%

pastures 6%

orchards 1%

meadows 2%

cereals 70%

industrial plants20.3%

vegetables4.2%

forage crops5%

other plants0.5%

Granary oriented

256

4

421

Agrarian Agrarian-industrial

I ndustrial-agrarian I ndustrial

I ndustrial-entrepreneurial Entrepreneurial-industrial

Types of settlementsOsijek-Baranja county

2B/1B

2A/1ALQ

A1–the number of employees in the city/municipals; A2–the number of total employees in Croatia: B1- the number of residents in the city/municipal;B2 – total residents in Croatia

0

1

2

3

4

5

Zagreb region

EastCroatia

NorthCroatia

Lika andBanovina

Istra,Primorje

and G.Kotar

Dalmatianregion

TEA index (total entrepreneurial activity index) - Croatia

TEA index - number of new business and young enterprises – not more than 42 months, by the total number of working able people

There are predominated three groups of reasons:

I. Historical events in socialistic period which task were to make the private sector weakly

II. Very difficult position in peasant economy

III. Absence of political will and consensus in sphere of urban-rural prioritetes

Non-adaptive environment to rural policy measures

LEADER approach In October 2008 - implementation of LEADER in Croatia

officially started through TAIEX, under the auspices of the EC, the Ministry of Agronomy, Fishery and Rural Development, and the Ministry of Regional Development, Forestry and Water Management.

Croatian rural policy was generally defined by adoption of the Plan for agronomy and rural development in the framework of the IPARD Programme for the period 2007-2013.

That act offers Croatia the possibility of implementation of LEADER approach which will in the future surely accelerate democratisation and development processes.

• According the pre-accession process to EU, Croatia starting in implementation of LEADER approach with a whole set of problems: absence of interests and low level of activities by local inhabitans, underdeveloped cohesion elements and structures in local and region areas, etc.

• According EU suggestions, Croatia must generate adequate conditions to aplaying the LEADER approach - a new modality for financing of rural development programmes

• Leader approach through IPA-RD programme is a new chance for rural Croatia.

Canties ability for the Leader approach implementation (according chosen indicators)

• A - Index of population vitality• B - Migration/1000 inhabitants• C - Median of monthly equivalent of household

income (PPS)• D - Total unemployment rate• E - Agricultural family enterprises/10 agricultural

households• F - Agricultural family farms >=20 ha,% in total • G - High education people, % in total • H - Number of NGO and foundations/1000

inhabitants

Indicators A B C D E F G H Total

RANG 

Istria county 0 + ++ ++ 0 -- + -- 26 1

Dubrovnik-Neretva

++ 0 - 0 ++ -- + - 25 2

Zadar ++ ++ - 0 0 -- 0 - 24 3

Split Dalmatia ++ 0 0 0 0 -- ++ -- 24 3

Primorje-Gorski K - 0 + ++ - -- ++ -- 23 4

Šibenik-Knin - ++ 0 -- 0 -- - 0 20 5

Zagreb County - ++ 0 0 0 -- - -- 20 5

Međimurje + - 0 + - -- -- - 19 6

Varaždin 0 - - ++ -- -- - - 18 7

Vukovar-Syrmia 0 - -- -- - ++ - - 18 7

Osijek-Baranja 0 -- - -- 0 + 0 -- 18 7

Koprivnica-Križev - - -- + + -- -- - 17 8

Lika-Senj -- - - -- + -- -- ++ 17 8

Bjelovar-Bilogora - 0 -- -- + - -- - 16 9

Virovitica- Podrav - -- -- -- 0 0 - 0 16 9

Požega-Slavonia - -- -- -- 0 - -- + 15 10

Brod-Posavina 0 -- -- -- - 0 -- - 14 11

Krapina-Zagorje - - 0 - -- -- -- - 14 11

Karlovac -- -- - -- - -- - - 12 12

Sisak Moslavina -- -- - -- - -- - -- 11 13

Ran

g o

f C

roat

ian

ru

ral

cou

nti

es

REGISTARSKI BROJ

NAZIV SJEDIŠTE

07001232 LOKALNA AKCIJSKA GRUPA "BILOGORA-PAPUK" GRUBIŠNO POLJE, TR...

14002968 LOKALNA AKCIJSKA GRUPA "KARAŠICA" BELIŠĆE, KRALJA TO...

13001150 LOKALNA AKCIJSKA GRUPA "LAURA" BIOGRAD NA MORU, T...

03001526 LOKALNA AKCIJSKA GRUPA "ČETIRI RIJEKE" SISAK, GALDOVAČKA ...

08003200 LOKALNA AKCIJSKA GRUPA FILOZIĆI-OTOK CRES FILOZIĆI, FILOZIĆI...

08002920 LOKALNA AKCIJSKA GRUPA GORSKI KOTAR SKRAD, JOSIPA BLAŽ...

03001594 LOKALNA AKCIJSKA GRUPA PETROVA GORA GVOZD, KRALJA PETR...

02001105 LOKALNA AKCIJSKA GRUPA SUTLA ZAGORSKA SELA, ZAG...

03001636 LOKALNA AKCIJSKA GRUPA UNA DVOR, S. I A.RADIĆ...

0400114905001482

LOKALNA AKCIJSKA GRUPA VALLIS COLAPISLOKALNA AKCIJSKA GRUPA "PRIGORJE-ZAGORJE

OZALJ, KURILOVAC 1NOVI MAROF, TRG HR...

Registar udruga Republike Hrvatske

Local action groups in Croatia, according NGOs Registar, October 2010.

LAGs in process

Established LAGs

24% working age population is employed in agriculture

- authors’ estimation according to Agricultural census 31 settlements belong to agricultural type of 35

settlements in which predominate traditional peasant economy

1 employee with some form of recorded employment status per 15 inhabitants in average

very high poverty rate (18% Croatian average) long-term unemployment - the most common reason for poverty

II: Croatian peasant position in market economy

Osijek-Baranja county

LAG BARANJA

Established in the end of 2009.

Cities and municipalities

Inhabitents in toltal

Size km2

People in workingwomen (15-59) and

men(15-64) broj %

Average ageof

population

Ageing indeks

Heigh education

rate %

Belišće 11.786 69 7.645 65 37,6 71,1 3,11Donji Miholjac 10.265 154 6.619 64 38,2 74,7 6,32Našice 17.320 200 11.188 65 36,4 61,3 7,59Valpovo 12.327 143 8.007 65 37,7 73,2 6,84Bizovac 4.979 86 3.150 63 39 87,0 4,02Donja Motičina 1.865 52 1.122 60 34,9 53,5 0,80Đurđenovac 7.946 121 5.031 63 38,7 82,1 3,70Feričanci 2.418 46 1.496 62 39,2 92,0 4,38Koška 4.411 122 2.651 60 38,9 87,7 2,49Magadenovac 2.239 112 1.264 56 41,1 112,9 1,70Marijanci 2.719 66 1.651 61 38,2 82,2 1,40Petrijevci 3.068 70 1.949 64 39,9 93,4 4,11Podgorač 3.314 131 1.917 58 41,1 112,3 1,72Podravska Moslavina

1.451 44 820 57 37,8 75,3 1,24

Viljevo 2.396 93 1.358 57 40,8 109,7 1,21LAG Karas. Area 88.504 1509 55.878 63 41,4 90,6 4,75Croatia 4.437.460 56542 2.828.632 64 39,3 90,7 9,87

LAG Karašica – established 28.12.2009.

CONCLUSIONS The new development approach will necessarily

upload the new point of view about green technology; strategy of prudence; new mental models etc. and sensibility for social, environment and etics issues.

Every individual is responsible for community welfare problems

Connections and complementarity between regional and rural policy are necesserily

Role of State must ensure balanced development assumtion

in rural region educational trening and

CONCLUSIONS The LEADER approach is emphasized like the best way to

achieve higher level of intellectual and social capital in the rural area.

It has abilities to harmonize regional and rural policy toward the actualization of social and ecological goals.

Consequently, it is necessary to reexamine values of secular social tendency for the account of holistic science which will be able to respond on the affairs in sphere of ethic and spiritual nature of human being in the future and its relationship with environment.

I belive that LEADER approach implementation have potential for new rural renaisance.

UNIREG

IMPULSE

Regionalna sveučilišta kao generator razvojapograničnih područja Hrvatske i Mađarske

Regional Universities as Generatorsof Transnational Knowledge Region

Hungary, 23th November 2010

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION