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ihc Bch khoa H Ni

Vin inChuyn Vtliuin

ti: Nghin cuvtliu nano

Gio vin hngdn: TS inhQuc TrSinh vin thchin:

Trn Thanh Tun

Nguyn Vit cTrn Vn Vnh

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I. Gii thiuvt liu nano

II. Mt scch ch tovt liu nano

III. Mt sng dng cavt liu nano

IV. Tng laica vt liu

nano

Gii thiu

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I. Gii thiu vt liu nano

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Vt liu nano l loi vt liu c kch thc cnanmt.

y l i tng nghin cu ca khoa hc nano vcng ngh nano.

Nm 1959 gio s Richard Feynman (Vin k thutMassatchusets-MIT) ra mt thuyt to bo:"Thay v phn chia vtcht,ti sao chng ta khng it ci v cng nh?".

I. Gii thiu vt liu nano

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Mi nm sau, sinh vin Eric Drexler ngh ra

thut ng Nanotechnologie. Nm 1985, 2 nh nghin cu Gerd Bining (c) v

Heinric Rohrer (Thu S) to ra knh hin vi, c khnng nhn nhng vt ch nh bng 1/25 kch thc

phn t. Mt nm sau, h ot gii Nobel.

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I. Gii thiu vt liu nano

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I. Gii thiu vt liu nano

Biu tng ca IBM c Don Eigler to ra bng

cng ngh nano vo nm 1990

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Phng php ha t (wetchemical)

Phng php c hc (mechanical)Phng php bc bay

Phng php hnh thnh t pha kh(gas-phase)

Cc vt liunano c ththu cbng bn

phngphp phbin:

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II. Mt s cch ch tovt liu nano

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Phng php ha t (wet chemical)

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II. Mt s cch ch tovt liu nano

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Phng php ho t (wet chemical)

Bao gm cc phng php ch to vt liu dngtrong ha keo (colloidal chemistry), phng phpthynhit, sol-gel, v ktta.

uimcaphng php ha t l cc vt liu cthchtocrtadng,rtin.

Nhc im l cc hp cht c lin kt vi phn tnc c th l mt kh khn,hiusutthp

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II. Mt s cch ch toVt liu nano

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II. Mt s cch ch toVt liu nano

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Phng php chc (mechanical)

Bao gm cc phng php tn,nghin,hp kim chc.

Vtliudngbtcnghinnkch thcnhhn

Ngy nay, cc my nghin thngdng l my nghin kiu hnh tinhhay my nghin quay

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Phng php chc c uim l ngin,dngc

ch to khng t tin v c th ch to vi mtlnglnvtliu.

Nhc im l cc ht b kt t vi nhau, phn bkch thcht khng ngnht,dbnhimbnt

cc dngcchto v thng kh c thtcht c kch thcnh

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II. Mt s cch ch toVt liu nano

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Phng php bc bay

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II. Mt s cch ch toVt liu nano

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Phng php bc bay

Gm cc phng php quang khc (lithography), bc

bay trong chn khng (vacuum deposition) vt l, hahc.

Cc phng php ny p dng hiu qu ch tomng mnghoc lp bao phbmt tuy vyngita cng c th dng n ch to ht nano bngcch covtliut.

Tuy nhin phng php ny khng hiuqulm cthchto quy m thngmi.

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II. Mt s cch ch toVt liu nano

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Phng php hnh thnh t pha kh (gas-phase)

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II. Mt s cch ch toVt liu nano

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Phng php hnh thnh t pha kh (gas-phase)

Gm cc phng php nhit phn (flame pyrolysis),nin (electro-explosion), t laser (laser ablation),bc bay nhit cao, plasma.

Nguyn tc ca cc phng php ny l hnh thnh

vtliu nano t pha kh. Phng php hnh thnh t pha kh dng chyu

tolng carbon (fullerene) hocng carbon.

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II. Mt s cch ch toVt liu nano

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Ch to nano carbon t b c ph, b ma Vit Nam

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II. Mt s cch ch toVt liu nano

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Ti TP.HCM, TS. Nguyn Chnh Kh dng b c ph,

b ma b i lm nguyn liu ch to ng nanocarbon.

Ch to thnh cng ng nano vi gi r hn 50% sovithgii

Phng php ca ng l sdng nguyn liurnchto, tuy tcphnngchmhnnhng cho rasnphmngu v t thnh phn pha tphn.

11-2011HUST - SEE

II. Mt s cch ch toVt liu nano

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Theo TS. Kh, nhm nghin cuca ng c th ghp

cc ng than nano c ng knh ln livi nhau ttrong quy trnh tnghp lm thnh nhng mnglc nano dng lc mu hoclcnc sinh hc .

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II. Mt s cch ch toVt liu nano

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Cc cu trc nano c timnngngdng lm thnh

phn ch cht trong nhng dng c thng tin kthut c nhngchcnng m truc kia cha c.

Nh vo kch thucnh,nhngcu trc nano c thng gi cht li v do lm tng t trng gi

(packing density).

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III. Mt s ng dng

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III. Mt s ng dng

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ng nano carbon c th sinh dng

inln Cc nh khoa hc thuc Hc vin

Cng ngh Massachusetts (MIT)va pht hin phng thc pht

inmi: lidngng nano carbonto ra dng in, c th p dngcho nhngthitb siu nh.

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Nhitlng sinh ra trong qu trnh trn truynivi

tc rt nhanh, hnh thnh dng sng nhit aintchuynng,to ra dng inln.

Vt liu t chc cp nano c th pht in khic kch thch bi nhit h m ngun nng

lngmi. innngto ra tng nano carbon bng 100 ln so

viinnngca pin Lithium-ion cng trnglng.

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III. Mt s ng dng

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Hin ti, Vin Nghin cu Khoa hc Vt liu (H Ni) ch to thnh v cho bn vt liu nano (nanocarbon tube - NCT), gi bn ch bng 50% so gi ca

nc ngoi. Cn Khu cng ngh cao TP.HCM cngd kin sn

xut 2,4 tn NCTtrong nm nay.

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III. Mt s ng dng

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Tnh nng dit khun

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III. Mt s ng dng

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ngdng trong isngkhu trang nano bcdit

khun B mt ph lp mng mng Nano TiO2 c kh nng

dit khun v chng ru mc c ng dng trongcc hpchtph trn bmtvt liu nhsnt lm

sch,thitb lm sch khng kh v kh mi.

11-2011HUST - SEE

III. Mt s ng dng

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III. Mt s ng dng

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Bmtanc

ng dng trong sn xut cc loiknh,gng chng m (VD :knht,ca knh.)

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Vt liu xp nano

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III. Mt s ng dng

Loi vt liu c dintch ca mt sn

bng vi th tch

ch bng tri bngbn!!!

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Tnh cht c bit ny ca vt liu nano lm cho

chng ph hpmt cch tuytivinhng yu cucathgiicmbin.

S dng vt liu nano gn chng ln nhng cmbinhin nay s lm tngnhy,chnlc v tc

pngcathitb. Thm vo ,din tch bmtkhngl/th tch nh

lm thunli cho vicgim kch thccacmbin.

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III. Mt s ng dng

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III. Mt s ng dng

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Ht nano chabnh

Cthsngccutot cctbo kch thcin hnh l 10micromet.

Kch thc nh gip cc ht

nano c li th di chuyntrong c th, dc theo mchmu n b phn b bnh vbmthuc.

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Ngnh cng ngh nano hin nay ang c nhiuchnh phca cc nc quan tm

i vi Vit Nam, trong n lc i tt n u, vothng 8/2006 tiCn Th t chcHitho khoahc ton qucvngdng cng ngh NANO, visng ncanhiu nh khoa hcthgii.

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IV. Tng lai ca vt liu nano

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NhtBnto ra c cc phn t Carbon mnhhnsitc ti 100.000 ln, c ng dng trong k thut hngkhng v d tm ybin.

Cc hng di ng ln Nokia, Motorola, Sony ang nghin

cu loi pin s dng ng nano siu bn, chu nc, chunhit cao. Kthut NANO l cmt quy trnh phctp,ihinhiu

bi ton v ligii lin hon. Chnghn, khi CNRS (Trungtm nghin cu khoa hcquc gia Php) tuyn bto ra

mtloing NANO chc v dai hn thp 150 ln, th vnsau l lm sao xon hay tht nt n! V phihn 2 nmsau CNRS mi gii c bi ton ny, v nu khng lmc th tnh ngdngcang ny l s khng.

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IV. Tng lai ca vt liu nano

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Nhu cu pht trin ca cng ngh ni chung v cacng ngh NANO ni ring lun t cho cc nh khoahc nhiu vn mi, mang tnh tng hp, linngnh.

Mtsnphm cng nghchc coi l thnh cnghay c nhiuhahnnu n pht trinc trn nntng pht trinca chnh n: csdngrng ri,emlihiuqu kinh t c th"lyngn nui di",thc y tr li s pht trin sn xut, a trnh cng nghca chnh n ln mttm cao mi.

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KT THC

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Cm n cc bn theo di

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KT THC