Verb- a word to describe an action, state, or occurrence and
forming the main part of the predicate of a sentence, such as
hear.
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Verb Forms A verb has three or more forms. A regular verb has
four forms: Base form: form you find in the dictionary. -s form:
add to the base form s or es. -ing form or present participle: add
ing to base form. Past form or past participle.
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Irregular verbs have 5 main forms. Base form -s form -ing form
Past form Past participle
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A phrasal verb consists of a main verb and an adverbial
participle. -a combination of a verb and adverbial participle such
as up, out, or on. Such a verb + participle unit is often
idiomatic, conveying a meaning that differs from the common
meanings of the individual word. Ex: She CALLED the meeting
OFF.
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Auxiliary verbs combine with main verbs Participles are
accompanied by auxiliary verbs
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Verb Tenses Verb tenses make time relationships clean Simple
tenses have many uses, not all related to specific points in time.
Progressive tenses indicate that events have begun but have not
been completed The present progressive tense consists of a form of
the auxiliary verb be and the present participle (-ing form) of the
main verb
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Perfect tenses indicate action performed prior to a particular
time. Formed by combining the auxiliary have with the past
participle of the main verb Perfect progressive tenses combine the
forms of the progressive and the perfect tense Consists of two
auxiliaries, have and be, plus the present participle of the main
verb
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The auxiliary verb do is used to question, negate, or
emphasize. Unlike be and have, the auxiliary verb do doesnt occur
with other verbs to indicate tense.
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Tense forms should appear in logical sequence Should be
combined to show (logically) how actions and events are related in
time and duration Verbs may be linking, intransitive or transitive
Linking: relates subject and word referring to subject (Used only
in the active voice) Intransitive: doesnt take an object (used only
in active voice) Transitive: takes a direct object (can be used in
the passive voice)
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The active voice emphasizes the actor and the action The
passive voice highlights the recipient of the action
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The mood of a verb expresses the writers attitude toward an
action, a state, or an event. Indicative: We will be on time.
Imperative: Be on time! Subjunctive: the director insists that we
be on time.
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Verb forms signal Moods The present subjunctive is the base
form of the verb. The past subjunctive has the same form as the
simple past (for ex: had, offered, found or wrote). The subjunctive
is mainly used in dependent clauses.