xử lý mẫu Phạm luận

8/10/2019 x l mu Phm lun

1/98

Chng I:

LY MU V QUN L MU PHN TCH

1.1. Ti sao phi l !"# $% &' l( !"# ph)* +,-h1.. L !"# /0 ph)* +,-h

1..1. M- /,-h $% 2# -3# -4a $i5- l !"# ph)* +,-h1... T6a*7 89 $% :*7 - l !"#1.;. !"#1.B. C@- -@-h l !"# ph)* +,-h1.B.1. C@- ?i0# l !"#1.B.. C@-h +h- $% +3* s#+ l !"#1.D. Ehi -hFp $% lGp h s= ?hi l !"# ph)* +,-h1.D.1. Ti sao phi 7hi -hFpI lGp h s= !"#

1.D.. C@-h 7hi -hFp lGp h s= !"# ph)* +,-h1.J. Ch#2* -hKI $G* -h#0* !"# $ ?ho ha PTN1.J.1. C@- 2# -3# $ -h#2* -hK1.J.. PhA=*7 +i5* -h#2* -hK1.. Q#* l( $% 8o #* !"# ph)* +,-h1..1. Y2# -3# -4a 8o #* !"#1... C@- phA=*7 ph@p $% /i# ?i5* 8o #* !"#1.O. h@i *i5! $ QRQC +6o*7 l !"# ph)* +,-h1.O.1. h@i *i5! $ Q1.O.. h@i *i5! $ QC1.O.;. NhS*7 $* / $ !i #a* h5 QRQC +6o*7 l !"#


2/98

LY MU V QUN L MU PHN TCH

1.1. Ti sao phi ly mu v qun l mu phn t!hC@- phA=*7 ph@p $% ? +h#G+ ph)* +,-h *7% -%*7 /A- ph@+ +6i0* $% ho%* +hi5* /0 ph- $ -ho

ph)* +,-h /9*h +,*h Wph@+ hi5*XI ph)* +,-h /9*h lA*7 $% - ph)* +,-h &@- /9*h +h%*h ph3* -# +6-

-4a -@- -h+. NhA*7 -Z* - +h[o !- /> $% ?h *Z*7 *7 :*7I *7A\i +a -hia +h%*h hai *h]!^ Nh]! 1^ -@- phA=*7 ph@p ph)* +,-h h]a h_-I *] 8ao 7!` C@- phA=*7 ph@p ph)* +,-h ?hi lA*7` C@- phA=*7 ph@p -h#* /> +h0 +,-h

Nh]! *% l% -@- phA=*7 ph@p ha ? +h#G+ /0 ph)* +,-h &@- /9*h h%! lA*7 lb* W/a lA*7X-4a -@- -h+I +hc*7 +hA\*7 lb* h=* d.dDe. Nh]! ^ -@- phA=*7 ph@p ph)* +,-h -c*7 - W!@ !]-XI *h]! *% li /A- -hia +h%*h

B *h]! :fa $%o -@- /g- +6A*7 -4a *]I - +h0 l%^` PhA=*7 ph@p ph)* +,-h #a*7 h_-.` PhA=*7 ph@p ph)* +,-h /i5* h]a h_-` PhA=*7 ph@p ph)* +,-h s- ?( $%` C@- phA=*7 ph@p ph)* +,-h ?h@-

Nh]! *% l% -@- phA=*7 ph@p ha ? +h#G+ /0 ph)* +,-h &@- /9*h h%! lA*7 *h W$i lA*7X-4a -@- -h+I +hc*7 +hA\*7 *h h=* d.1eT6o*7 ++ - -@- phA=*7 ph@p pho*7 ph *hA +hjI :k l% ph)* +,-h h]a h_- /=* 7i* ha ph)*+,-h -c*7 -I /0 &@- /9*h h%! lA*7 -4a -@- -h+ +h 73* *hA ?hc*7 -] phA=*7 ph@p *%o -]+h0 /o /-I &@- /9*h +6f- +ijp -@- -h+ -3* ph)* +,-h ?hi *] /a*7 +* +i +62* +hf- /9a. V +hj-3* phi +@-h !>+ lA*7 !"# *h+ /9*h -4a /i +A*7 -3* #a* s@+ /[! $ /0 -@- /9*h -@--h+ -3* #a* +)! +6o*7 /i +A*7 /]. mo*7 sa# ?hi /n -] !"#I -h*7 +a -*7 ?hc*7 +h0 &@-/9*h -@- -h+ *7a +6o*7 !"# $a /A- l *7#2* +6*7 +hc *hA +hj /A- !% ?hc*7 #a &'l( /0 /Aa -h+ -3* ph)* +,-h $ :*7 +h,-h hpI 8Ki $^

a. Vbi 8+ ?q !>+ phA=*7 ph@p &@- /9*h *%oI ha !>+ ? +h#G+ ph)* +,-h *%o +h !ri -h+ph)* +,-h -h -] +h0 &@- /9*h /A- *] ?hi *] +* +i K !>+ +6*7 +h@i *h+ /9*h phk hp$bi ? +h#G+ /]. V, : !#* &@- /9*h -@- ?i! loi +6o*7 !"# /+I -h*7 +a ?hc*7 +h0 8!"# /+ *7a $%o !@ #a*7 pht hp +h# *7#2* +' /0 /o -h*7 /A- !% phi /Aa -@-?i! loi +* +i +6o*7 /+ $ +6*7 +h@i -@- hp -h+ +a* /A- +6o*7 :#*7 :9-h *Ab-I :Abi:*7 -@- -a+io*I +h sa# /] !bi &@- /9*h /A- -h*7 +6o*7 :#*7 :9-h *Ab-.

8. M"# ph)* +,-h -] *hi# loi $% /a :*7I + loi -] +h%*h ph3* /=* 7i* /j* *hS*7 loi-] +h%*h ph3* ph- +p. Ch*7 -] +h0 +* +i K -@- +6*7 +h@i ?h@- *ha# *hA 6*I l*7I?hi $% - h#* phk. Ch*7 +a ?hc*7 +h0 8 *7#2* !"# *hA +hj $%o !@ $% &@- /9*h*] /A-. N2* phi &' l( /0 /Aa -@- -h+ -3* ph)* +,-h $ +6*7 +h@i phk hp *h+ -ho!>+ phA=*7 ph@p /n /A- -h_* /0 &@- /9*h *].

-. C@- -h+ -3* &@- /9*h li +* +i +6o*7 -@- +6*7 +h@i li2* ?j+ h]a h_- ?h@- *ha#I +6o*7-@- hp -h+ $c -=I hS# -= ?h@- *ha#I -] ?hi 6+ 8* $S*7. N2* ?hc*7 +h0 &@- /9*h /*7/* h%! lA*7 -4a *] +6o*7 !>+ +t hp ph- +p 8* $S*7 $% 89 -@- *7#2* +I -@- -h+?h@-I !*7 lAbi li2* ?j+ +* +i -4a !"# -* +6K. uo /] -3* phi &' l( !"# /0 ph@ $v-@- hp -h+ !% -h+ ph)* +,-h /a*7 +* +i /0 /Aa *] sa*7 !>+ :*7 ?h@- /A- /9*hlA*7 ++ +h[o phA=*7 ph@p /n -h_*.

Ch,*h $ +hf- +j /] *2* !#* &[! &F+ ha ph)* +,-h !>+ /i +A*7 *%o -4a +hf- +jI -h*7+a phi l !"# ph)* +,-h $% !_i !"# ph)* +,-h phi /A- &' l( /0 -] /A- !"# -ho ph)*+,-h &@- /9*h -@- -h+ -h*7 +a !o*7 !#*. Vi5- l !"# $% &' l( !"# +h[o -@-h *%o l% +k+h#>- $%o^` wi +A*7 -3* *7hi2* -# ph)* +,-h

` x* -h+ $% sf +* +i -4a -h+ -3* &@- /9*h $% h%! lA*7 -4a *]` Loi !"#I 8* -h+ -4a -@- -h+ ph)* +,-h` T6*7 +h@i +* +i $% -# +6- -4a -h+ +6o*7 !"#


3/98

` PhA=*7 ph@p ph)* +,-h /A- -h_* /0 &@- /9*h -h*7N7% *a +h[o sf ph@+ +6i0* -4a ?hoa h_- $% *7%*h h]a h_-I -@- ? +h#G+I -@- phA=*7 ph@p$% -@- loi +6a*7 89 :*7 -... /0 &' l( !"# ph)* +,-h -*7 /A- ph@+ +6i0* $% ho%* +hi5*I+i5* li $% 8o /! /A- ++ -@- 2# -3# -4a ph)* +,-h. C@- ? +h#G+ /] l%^` +h#G+ $c -= h]a ?hcI &' l( ?hc` +h#G+ $c -= h]a Ab+I &' l( Ab+

` +h#G+ $c -= h]a ?hc`Ab+ ?j+ hp` +h#G+ &' l( Ab+ +6o*7 ly $i s]*7` +h#G+ -hij+ l*7`l*7I -hij+ 6* l*7 $% -hij+ 6*`?h,` +h#G+ +hZ*7 hoa -h+ ph)* +,-h` +h#G+ -hlo6 h]a -h+ ph)* +,-h` +h#G+ -hA*7 -+ -@- ?i0#` +h#G+ ?j+ +i*h ha h]a l*7 K *hi5+ /> +hp` +h#G+ /i5* ph)* +,-h -h+T6o*7 7i@o +6*h *% -h*7 +a sz +6*h 8% *hS*7 *F+ -= 8* $% 8* -h+ *hS*7 #@ +6*h $G+l( $% h]a h_- -*7 *hA *hS*7 A#I *hA- /i0! $% ph! $i *7 :*7 -4a -@- ? +h#G+ *%I*h+ l% *hS*7 ? +h#G+ /a*7 /A- s' :*7 pht 8ij* +6o*7 ph)* +,-h lA*7 $j+ -@- -h+.

1.". #y mu $% phn t!h1.".1. &'! $!h v y(u !)u !*a vi+! ly mu phn t!h1.".1.1. &'! $!h v y(u !)u ly mu $% phn t!h

M- /,-h -4a $i5- l !"# ph)* +,-h l% -h_* !>+ +h0 +,-h Wha ?hi lA*7X *h phk hp $%-h $a /4 -4a /i +A*7 -3* *7hi2* -# ph)* +,-h /0 l%! ph)* +,-h *7a +i hi5* +6A\*7ha /]*7 7]i /0 $G* -h#0* $ phy*7 +h, *7hi5! /0 &' l( $% &@- /9*h W/9*h +,*h ha /9*hlA*7X -@- -h+ -h*7 +a !o*7 !#* -4a /i +A*7 *7hi2* -# *hA*7 li phi 8o /! 7iS*7#2* /*7 +h%*h ph3* -4a /i +A*7 +hf- +j l !"#. uo /] l !"# l% 7iai /o* /3# -4a-c*7 $i5- ph)* +,-h. Nj# l !"# sai +h ?j+ # ph)* +,-h ?hc*7 ph* @*h /*7 +hf- +j. V+hj /0 -] ?j+ # ph)* +,-h ph* @*h /*7 +hf- +jI $i5- l !"# ph)* +,-h phi /! 8o/A- -@- 2# -3# sa# /)^` wi :i5* /*7 -ho /i +A*7 -3* *7hi2* -# $% ph)* +,-h` w@p *7 /*7 2# -3# ph)* +,-h ha *7hi2* -# &[! &F+` L !"#I ?hc*7 l%! !+ !"# ha *hi{! 8* !"#` Phk hp $bi phA=*7 ph@p lfa -h_* ph)* +,-h` C] ?hi lA*7 /4 /0 ph)* +,-hI ?hc*7 #@ *h $% /*7 2# -3#` M"# phi -] l( l9-hI -@- /i# ?i5* l !"# 6| 6%*7` w! 8o /*7 j# + -4a QRQC

1.".1.". C,! $i-u i+n !)n !*a !/ng vi+! ly muCh*7 +a 8ij+ 6}*7I !- +i2# -4a l !"# l% -h_* !>+ ph3* +h0 +,-h Wha ?hi lA*7X !"# /4 *h-4a /i +A*7 *7hi2* -# Wha ph)* +,-hX /0 $G* -h#0* /A- $ phy*7 +h *7hi5! /0 ph)* +,-h

/A- -@- -h +i2# -3* +hij+ !% $"* /! 8o +h0 hi5* /*7 /A- +h%*h ph3* +hf- +j -4a /i +A*7*7hi2* -#. uo /] $i5- l !"# phi +#)* +h4 +h[o *hS*7 /i# ?i5* *h+ /9*h` Th[o !>+ # +6*h +i2# -h#* *h+ /9*h -ho !ri loi $% /n /A- -hp *hG*` Th[o +*7 /i +A*7 !"# ph)* +,-h *h+ /9*h` Th[o *7#2* + ha -h+ -3* ph)* +,-h` u*7 - l !"# /*7 # -@-h $% phi /! 8o QRQC` N7A\i l !"# phi /A- h#* l#5* $% -] +a *7h /0 +hf- hi5*` C] st s@-h 7hi -hFp $% -] h s= !"# 6| 6%*7

Ch ?hi +ha !n* -@- /i# ?i5* $% 2# -3# +62* +h ?j+ # ph)* +,-h !bi *]i l2* /A- +h%*h ph*Wh%! lA*7X -4a -h+ +6o*7 !"# ph)* +,-h. Cy* *j# ?hc*7 +ha !n* -@- /i# ?i5* /] +h :k phA=*7

ph@p ph)* +,-h -] -h,*h &@- /i *Sa +h -*7 ?hc*7 *]i l2* /A- /*7 **7 /> Wh%! lA*7X -4a

-h+. Ha *]i !>+ -@-h ?h@-I -h*7 +a phi +hf- hi5*QRQC +6o*7 -c*7 +@- l !"#.1.".". T0ang 2 v 3'ng !' ly mu1.".".1. 4(u !)u !hung v- 3'ng !' ly mu


4/98

C@- :*7 - ph- $ -ho l !"#I -ha !"# $% 8o #* !"# ph)* +,-h -3* phi 8o /! -@- /i#?i5* sa#^

` w4 /> s-h 2# -3# -4a :i +A*7 ph)* +,-h +h[o !- /> ph)* +,-h 2# -3#` hc*7 7) *hi{! 8* ha !+ !"#I -h+ ph)* +,-h` hc*7 l%! sai l5-h +h%*h ph3* -@- -h+ +6o*7 !"# ph)* +,-h` Phk hp $bi !ri loi !"# -3* l $ +6*7 +h@iI /> s)#I lA*7 !"#...

` C] +h0 /o*7I /o /A- lA*7 !"# -3* l +h[o 2# -3# /g+ 6a` u*7 - phi /A- &' l( $% ?i0! +6a +6Ab- ?hi :k*7 8}*7 !>+ -@-h phk hp -ho *7#2*+ ha /i +A*7 -4a -@- -h+ -3* ph)* +,-h

1.".".". C,! 3'ng !' ly v !h5a $6ng mu1.".".".1. C,! y(u !)u !hungC@- :*7 - l $% -hAa /f*7 !"# phi^

` hc*7 l%! *hi{! 8* $% *h hAK*7 /j* !"# ?hi l $% 8o #*` Phk hp -ho !ri /i +A*7 !"# $% l /A- !"# /*7 +hf- +j` hc*7 -] +A=*7 +@- $bi -@- -h+ !"# ?hi lI -h#2* -hK $% 8o #*

1.".".".". C,! t0ang 2 v 3'ng !' ly muu*7 - l !"# 8ao 7! -@- loi +h[o -@- loi !"# sa#I -ho !ri loi !"#^

` Loi !"# 6* $% !"# 8>+` Loi !"# l*7 W*hA -@- !"# *Ab-I !"# :3#X` Loi !"# -] +,*h />- hi` Loi !"# -] -h+ ph)* +,-h :{ 89 ph)* h4` Loi /0 l !"# ?h,I ?hc*7 ?h, $% 8i` Loi /0 l !"# -ho -@- /i +A*7 si*h h_-I *!` Loi !"# K /@ *Ab- s)#I +63! +,-hI 8k*... W:Abi 8i0*I sc*7I h...X` u*7 - l -@- loi !"# phk :#I l= l'*7V +hj :*7 - l !"# 6+ /a :*7 $% pho*7 phI + /=* 7i* /j* !@ !]- +f />*7I /i#

?hi0* + &a... +k +h[o 2# -3# -4a -c*7 $i5- l !"#. N7% *a -@- loi :*7 - l !"# /n /A-*hi# hn*7 s* + $% -#*7 -p +h[o -@- !- /> ?h@- *ha# -ho !ri loi. C@- # +6*h ph)* +,-h$% l !"# /# -] -h 6| -@- /i# ?i5* $% :*7 - /0 l !"# -ho -@- loi -h+ ph)* +,-h.1.".".".7. 8'ng !' $6ng9 !h5a v gi mu phn t!h:u*7 - /f*7I -ha $% 7]i !"# ph)* +,-h 6+ /a :*7 $% +k +h#>- $%o !ri loi !"#. mo*7 -h*7 +a-] +h0 +]! ++ +h[o ! loi -h,*h *hA sa#

` Loi !"# 6* $% 8>+~ 7i ha $i 7]i !"# W*] phi +6= $% s-hX~ +i *ilo* ha 8ao *ilo*I h>p~ l_I -hai 6>*7 !i5*7 -] *+ 8}*7 +h4 +i*hI +h-h a*h ha P

` Loi !"# l*7~ -a*I +hk*7 W+h4 +i*h ha *hfaX -] *+ ?,*

~ -haiI l_I 8*h W+h4 +i*h ha *hfaX -] *+ ?,*~ +i *ilo* -] *+~ -@- *7 -] *+ ?,*

` Loi !"# -] +,*h />- hi $ h]a h_-~ -a*I +hk*7 W+h4 +i*h ha *hfaX -] *+ $% 7* ?,*~ -haiI l_I 8*h W+h4 +i*h ha *hfaX -] *+ $% 7* ?,*~ +i *ilo* -] *+

` Loi !"# :{ ph)* h4~ Chai l_I 8*h W+h4 +i*h ha *hfaX -h*7 @*h s@*7 -ho !"# l*7~ Ei ha +i /[* -h*7 @*h s@*7 -ho !"# 6* $% 8>+

` Loi !"# si*h h_-^ +k +h[o !ri -h+ -] +h0 l%

~ C@- l_ +h4 +i*h ha +h-h a*h~ C@- l_ ha -a* pol![6~ Ei poli![6


5/98

1.7. ;< l s = hi ly mu1.7.1. Ti sao phi >< l s =

Nhi# loi !"# ?hi +@-h 6a ?hi !ci +6A\*7 +hf- +jI -@- -h+ +6o*7 !"# -] +h0 89 +ha /tiI 89 !+ha 89 ph)* h4 $ +hj -3* phi &' l( !"# s= 8> *h}! !- /,-h l%^

` EiS $% 8o +o%* /A- -h+ ph)* +,-h ?hc*7 89 !+ :o -@-h hi5* +A*7~ mf +A=*7 +@- h]a h_-I +f ph)* h4 -4a -h+

~ sf +h4 ph)* -4a -@- -h+~ mf sa l*7 -4a -h+~ mf hp ph $%o :*7 - -ha !"#

` Ph- $ -ho :i -h#0* :{ :%*7 $% ?hc*7 hA h*7 !"#` xo #* ?hc*7 l%! +ha /ti +h%*h ph3* !"# $% -h+ ph)* +,-h` Ph- $ -ho 8o #* /A- :{ :%*7 $% a* +o%* sa# ?hi l

1.7.". C,! loi mu !)n >< l s =: nh?ng loi mu !*a !,! !ht sau $y !)n >< l s =:` M"# ph)* +,-h -@- ?i! loi *Z*7 :{ +h4 ph)*` M"# ph)* +,-h -@- a*io* ?F! 8*` M"# ph)* +,-h -@- -h+ :{ 89 ph)* h4` Ch+ ph)* +,-h l% -@- -h+ :{ 89 hp ph $%o +h*h 8*h -ha

` M"# /0 ph)* +,-h !>+ s -h +i2# si*h h_-I *! !-` M"# /0 &@- /9*h -@- />*7 $G+ phk :#` M"# /0 &@- /9*h -@- loi +63! +,-h

1.7.7. C,! phng ph,p >< l s =1.7.7.1. @hn t!h im loi v anion

` - loi sa#^

` C@- -h+ :{ 89 a*h sa*7 +@- :*7 $% ph)* h4` C@- -h+ phi 7iS l*h W$, : l !"# ph)* +,-h $i+a!i* +6o*7 !@#X` C@- -h+ :{ 89 o&hoa ha ?h'` C@- -h+ :{ 89 !+ :o -h#0* h]a sa*7 -h+ ?h@-I :o +f o&hoa ?h'` C@- -h+ :{ 8a h=iI +hZ*7 hoa

` C@- -h+ :{ /c*7 +I sa l*7I 8@! $%o +h%*h 8*h -ha /f*7Iw) l% *hS*7 !"# phi &' l( !"# s= 8> ?hi l /0 8o $5 -h*7 8}*7 !>+ -@-h phk hp -ho

!ri -h+. V, :^ 8no hya ?h, Cha N-ho -@- -h+ :{ 89 o& +6o*7 ?hc*7 ?h, ph@ h4.1.7.7.7. C,! $Ai tBng sinh h!

Vi5- l !"# -4a -@- /i +A*7 si*h h_- 2# -3# 7iS 6+ *7hi2! *7g+ -@- /i# ?i5*. Nj#?hc*7 -@- $i si*h $G+I *! !- sz 89 -hj+I ha 8ij* :*7 ?hc*7 -y* /*7 $bi +hf- +j. M>+ s lo%i

phi - /9*h -h*7 8}*7 !>+ :#*7 !ci hS# -= +h,-h hp. V, : -@- loi !"# sa# /)^` Vi si*h $G+I $i ?h#*I *! !-` C@- -h +i2# si*h h]aI CuI xuI uI...` C@- !"# h_- Wph)* +,-h ?i! loi $% -@- -h+ hS# -= />- hiX

` mi*h $G+ l= l'*7` C@- -h+ l= l'*7


6/98

hi l !"# -@- loi *% *7A\i +a phi - /9*h ha 7iS -h*7 8}*7 -@- -h+ +h,-h hp /A--ho +h2! $%o !"# ph)* +,-h +h[o !>+ lA*7 +h,-h hp *hA -h+ t* /9*hI -h+ -h*7 o&hoaI -h+-h*7 l2* ![*I -h+ -h*7 sa l*7I...1.D. C,! !,!h ly mu phn t!h

Vi5- l !"# +h[o ?i0# *%o l% +k +h#>- $%o !- /,-h *7hi2* -#I /i +A*7I -h+ -3* ph)*+,-h... l% /0 &@- /9*h h%! lA*7 /i :i5*I /g- +6A*7 ha ?i0! +6a +- +h\i ha /0 ph)* +,-h l ?j+

# l%! +h*7 ?2 /@*h 7i@ h%! lA*7I $z 8i0# /I &[! &F+ sf 8ij* +hi2*I +ha /tiI... -4a -h+*7hi2* -#. N7ha l% $bi !ri !- /,-h *7hi2* -# ha ph)* +,-h -@- -h+ ?h@- *ha#I sz phi -] -@--@-h l !"# +h,-h hp -ho *]. ma# /) -h *2# 6a !>+ s ?i0# /i0* h*h /n $% /a*7 /A- @p :*7.T+ *hi2* $i5- l !"# +hj *%oI +h[o -@-h *%o l% +k +h#>- $%o !- /,-h l !"# /0 l%! 7I ph)*+,-h -h+ 7I... !% -h_* phA=*7 ph@pI -@- :*7 - l !"# phk hp /0 +h# /A- !"# ++. Hi5* *aI!ri /i +A*7 ph)* +,-hI h3# *hA -@- *Ab- +62* +hj 7ibi /# /n -] -@- # /9*h +i2# -h#* -ho -c*7$i5- l !"#. Ch*7 +a -] +h0 @p :*7 TCVN ha -@- +i2# -h#* m`ddd /0 +hf- hi5* l !"#.V +hj *7A\i /i l !"# phi -] *hS*7 hi0# 8ij+ -= 8* $ -c*7 $i5- l !"#. w] l% $* / QRQC-4a l !"# ph)* +,-h.1.D.1. C,! i%u ly mu

Vi5- l !"# ph)* +,-h -] +h0 +hf- hi5* +h[o -@- ?i0# sa# /)I +k +h[o 2# -3#I !- /,-h

ph)* +,-h /g+ 6a !% +hf- hi5* l !"# -ho phk hp^` L !"# /=* -ho /i +A*7 *7hi2* -#` L !"# lgpI l !"# so*7 so*7` L !" +,-h ph)*` L !"# -] +h2! -h+ -h#*

M>+ $* : *Sa 6+ #a* +6_*7 +6o*7 l !"# ph)* +,-h l% phi /! 8o /4 -@- j# + -4a QRQC+6Ab- l- W-h#* 89XI +6o*7 l- l !"# $% sa# ?hi /n l &o*7 !"# -*7 *hA $G* -h#0* $% 8o#* -h*7. w] l% - !>+ #@ +6*h !% !_ *7A\i /# phi +hf- hi5* /*7 -@- # +6*h l !"#I -]*hA +hj !bi -] /A- !"# /0 ph)* +,-h -ho 6a ?j+ # ph* @*h /*7 +hf- +j -4a /i +A*7 -3**7hi2* -#I ph)* +,-h.1.D.". C,!h th5! v t)n sut ly mu

A. Ly mu theo thi gianA1. Ly mu lin tc theo chung trnh thi gian nghin cuM- /,-h^ /0 +h[o :|i ?i0! +6a #@ +6*h 8ij* +hi2* -4a -h+ ph)* +,-h *hA +hj *%o.C@-h l^

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B. Ly mu theo tng ! l"#B1. Ly mu $i %i&n trung 'nhM- /,-h^ &@- /9*h h%! lA*7 +6#*7 8*h /i :i5*C@-h l^ +h[o -@-h l *hi# -hrI sa# +6>* li l +6#*7 8*h

B(. Ly c)ch im *h)c nhau theo '+ m,t )nh gi) theo - trM- /,-h^ &@- /9*h h%! lA*7 +i !ri -hr /0 /@*h 7i@ sf ?h@- *ha#C@-h l^ +h[o -@-h l !"# -ho !ri -hr /0 6i2*7

B/. Ly theo c)c tng0 l"# c 2 34u *h)c nhau 5mu t0 n6"c...7M- /,-h^ &@- /9*h h%! lA*7 +i !ri +3*7 s)# ?h@- *ha#C@-h l^ +h[o -@-h l K !>i +3*7 s)# ?h@- *ha# 6i2*7


7/98

8. Ly mu theo 9ng0 m,t c:t hay theo im cn ;uan 3)tM- /,-h^ &@- /9*h h%! lA*7 -h+ ph)* +,-h +o !ri $k*7 ?ho s@+C@-h l^ +h[o -@-h l K !ri $k*7 6i2*7 8i5+ /n /9*h

y0 h6"ng giM- /,-h^ &@- /9*h h%! lA*7 -h+ ph)* +,-h +h[o hAb*7 7i] ?h@- *ha#C@-h l^ +h[o -@-h l K !ri hAb*7 7i] +h#G* ha *7A- 6i2*7 8i5+

1.E. Fhi !hGp lHp h s mu hi lyhi l !"#I !ri !"# phi -] 7hi -hFp lGp h s= /3 /4. H s= l !"# phi /4 -@- $* /0 sa#^` w9a /i0! l !"#` V9 +6, l !"# W-hr lI 8 !g+I /> s)#I -@-h /A\*7I 8\ 6#>*7...I ?hi l !"# *Ab- 8i0*

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H s= *% phi -] !>+ +\ /i ?! +h[o !"# $% /A- 8%* 7iao -ho *7A\i *hG* !"# /0 :i -h#0* ha8o #* $% -ho - *7A\i ph)* +,-h sa# *%. T62* -= sK h s= $ +*h +6*7 - +h0 $% /3 /4 /]I*7A\i l%! ph)* +,-h sz :{ :%*7 +! /A- !>+ -@-h &' l( !"# +h,-h hp *h+ -ho ph)* +,-h /+ ?j+# ++.1.J. Chuy(n !hK mu tL ni ly v- ho v phMng th nghi+m1.J.1. C,! y(u !)u !*a !huy(n !hK

w0 /! 8o ?hc*7 l%! *h hAK*7 /j* ?j+ # ph)* +,-hI $i5- -h#2* -hK !"# -*7 phi/! 8o -@- /i# ?i5*^

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8/98

Tk loi !"# $% -h+ ph)* +,-h !% !"# -] +h0 /A- 8o #*^` T6o*7 /i# ?i5* 8*h +hA\*7I +6o*7 phy*7 -] ?hc*7 ?h, s-h` T6o*7 +4 l*h -] ?h*7 -hj *hi5+ /> +h[o 2# -3#` T6o*7 ?ho ?,*I ?hc 6@oI ?hc*7 8i $% ?hc*7 -] />- hi -ho !"#` T6o*7 +4 ! -] ?h*7 -hj *hi5+ /> +h[o 2# -3#` Nhi5+ /> +hp :Abi d W+6o*7 +#j+ CX ha h5 ?h*7 -hj *hi5+ />

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9/98

+h# /A- +62* 8+ ?q l*h $f- *%o -4a s* + ha *7hi2* -# ?hoa h_- -] /A- -h+ lA*7 /@p*7 Wha +ha !n*X /*7 /A- !- +i2# /n /g+ 6a. uo /] +6o*7 -c*7 +@- l !"# ph)* +,-h +h Q l%h5 +h*7 -4a -c*7 +@- +t -h- #* l(I -@- # +-I 8i5* ph@pI -@- /i# ?i5* /n /A- *7hi2* -#Ilfa -h_* $% 8i2* so* +h%*h !>+ # +6*h /0 ph- $ -ho -c*7 +@- l !"# ph)* +,-h +h[o !ri loi/i +A*7I *h}! !- /,-h l /A- !"# ph)* +,-h /i :i5* /*7 /i +A*7 -3* ph)* +,-h. V $G$i5- +hf- hi5* Q +6o*7 l !"# ph)* +,-h l% /i# 6+ -3* +hij+ $% -h -] /! 8o /A- Q +6o*7

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10/98

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11/98

H*h 1.1. m= / -h#*7 $ QRQC +6o*7 l !"# $% ph)* +,-h

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12/98

ChA=*7 . CC THUT < l mu phn t!h+ # +6*h Wh5 +h*7XI /0 ph- $ -ho -c*7 +@- &' l( !"# ph)* +,-h *h}! !-/,-h l /A- :#*7 :9-h !"# ph)* +,-h +6#*7 +hf-I ?hc*7 !+ -h+ ph)* +,-hI ?hc*7 89 *hi{! 8*$% /i :i5* /*7 -ho /i +A*7 -3* ph)* +,-h. V $G +hf- hi5* Q +6o*7 &' l( !"# ph)* +,-h l%/i# 6+ -3* +hij+ $% -h -] /! 8o /A- Q +6o*7 &' l( !"# +h -h*7 +a !bi -] /3 /4 /i# ?i5*/0 ?h*7 /9*h -@- s li5# ph)* +,-h l% -] -= sK ?hoa h_-I /*7 /* $% ph* @*h /*7 +h%*h ph3*-4a -h+ ph)* +,-h -] +6o*7 !"# *7hi2* -#. ".1.".". Qh,i ni+m v- OC

M- +i2# -h#*7 -4a QC l% -#*7 -p -@- /i# ?i5* $% 8i5* ph@p ? +h#G+ -3* +hij+ /0 7i@!s@+ $% ?i0! so@+ -h+ lA*7 -4a !>+ #@ +6*h *%o /] +6o*7 s* + ha *7hi2* -# ?hoa h_- /0/! 8o -h+ lA*7 -ho s* ph!I /*7 +h\i ph@+ hi5* -@- sai s]+ $% +! 8i5* ph@p ?h- ph- -@-

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13/98


14/98

Vi5- ph)* -hia +h[o -@-h *%I -h*7 +a +h -h !>+ loi -*7 -ha *hi# +h !"# ?h@-*ha# $ +,*h -h+I $c -=I hS# -= l"* l>* V +hj ph)* loi *% -] +h0 6+ ?hc*7 ?hoa h_- $% ?h]&[! &F+ ?hi -3* -h_* -@- phA=*7 ph@p &' l( !"# /0 ph)* +,-h -@- -h+ -3* +hij+.".".7. @hn loi thXo nhm ngnh

` M"# *c*7 *7hi5p^~ C@- -) -iI +ho !>-

~ C@- loi hoa #I 6a# -4I s* ph! *c*7 *7hi5p +A=i s*7~ C@- loi ph)* 8]*I /+ +6*7 +6_+` M"# -c*7 *7hi5p

~ M"# -c*7 *7hi5p +ha* $% /i5*~ M"# -c*7 *7hi5p h]a -h+~ M"# -c*7 *7hi5p :3# ?h, $% +t*7 hp hS# -=~ M"# -c*7 *7hi5p +hf- ph!

` M"# :)* :*7 $% si*h ho+~ C@- loi !"# si*h ho+ h}*7 *7% -4a *7A\i $% />*7 $G+ +o 6a~ C@- loi !"# 85*h $i5*` C@- loi !"# +f *hi2* *A ?ho@*7I #g*7I /+ /@

C@- ph)* loi *% ?hi !bi *h* +AK*7 l% -hi +ij+ *hA*7 ?hi &[! &F+ $ -@-h &' l( !"# +h !bi +h*hi# /i# ?hc*7 ha. uo /] +h[o #a* /i0! -4a h]a ph)* +,-h +h -@-h /3# +i2* l% +A=*7 /i /=*7i* $% +h,-h hp *h+.".7. T0ang 2 $% >< l mu phn t!h".7.1. 4(u !)u !*a t0ang 2 v $i-u i+n $% >< l muw0 &' l( !"# +k /i# ?i5* $ ph)* loi !"#I $ -h+ ph)* +,-h !% -] sf lfa -h_* -@- +6a*7 89 $%

phA=*7 ph@p &' l( !"# -ho phk hp. N7% *a +62* +h9 +6A\*7 -] *hi# loi +6a*7 +hij+ 89 ?h@-*ha# :k*7 -ho &' l( !"# + /=* 7i* /j* ph- +p $% ho%* +o%* +f />*7. mo*7 8+ ?q loi +hij+ 89*%o -*7 phi /! 8o -@- $* / sa#^

a. Thf- hi5* QRQC +6o*7 &' l( !"#8. C3* -h ( +h2! -@- 2# -3# - +h0 +i +hi0# l%^

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".7.". C,! loi 3'ng !' $n gin` C@- loi -- /#* $% *7 *7hi5!` C@- loi -hF*I 8@+ *#*7 WsI +h-h a*hI ?i! loi #(X` C@- loi *7 *7hi5! /#* /A- W-h9# *hi5+X` Ly *#*7I +4 s` C@- loi h5 -hij+ l*7 l*7I l*7`6* $% l*7`?h,` x*h [*:a* -@- loi

".7.7. C,! loi t0ang 2 hon !hYnh` C@- loi h5 -hA*7 -+ ?h@- *ha#` H5 +h*7 8*h [*:a* /]*7 ?,*I hi lA# $% +f />*7` C@- loi ly $i so*7 W/=* 7i* $% ho%* -h*hX` C@- h5 -4a ? +h#G+ -hij+ l*7 l*7 li[* +-` C@- h5 -4a ? +h#G+ -hij+ l*7`6* W-hij+ pha 6*X` C@- h5 -4a ? +h#G+ -hij+ ?h,`6* W-hij+ pha ?h,X` C@- h5 -4a ? +h#G+ -hij+ si2# )!` C@- +6a*7 89 -4a ? +h#G+ -hij+ mo&hl[+` C@- loi +hij+ 89 +hZ*7 hoa !"#` C@- loi ?h@-

mo*7 !>+ /i# phi *hb 6}*7 :k -h_* -@-h *%oI :*7 - *%o +h -*7 phi /! 8o &' l(/A- !"# !>+ -@-h ++ *h+ !% ?hc*7 l%! !+ -h+ ph)* +,-hI ?hc*7 l%! *hi{! 8* $% /Aa /A-


15/98

-h+ -3* &@- /9*h $ :*7 phk hp *h+ -ho phA=*7 ph@p ph)* +,-h /n -h_*. C@- loi +6a*7 +hij+ 89*% sz /A- *]i /j* +6o*7 -@- ? +h#G+ &' l( !"# - +h0.".D. Qh,i qu,t v- n !ht !,! V thuHt >< l mu

+ -@-h /i +h0 +h -h*7 +a -] +h0 ph)* loi +h[o !>+ s *7#2* +-I -=-hj :fa +h[o -@- -= -hj sa# /) -4a h]a h_-I h]a l( $% $G+ l( +6o*7 #@ +6*h &' l( !"#.

V +hj +6o*7 -hA=*7 *% -h +6*h 8% $ -@- *7#2* +-I 8* -h+ -4a -@- ? +h#G+ &' l(!"# ph)* +,-hI !% ?hc*7 /i s)# $%o -# +o $% -@-h $G* h%*h -@- loi :*7 - ha +6a*7 +hij+ 89.w] l% -@- ? +h#G+ sa# /)^

` +h#G+ $c -= h]a Ab+` +h#G+ $c -= h]a ?hc

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T6o*7 -@- ? +h#G+ /]I !ri ? +h#G+ -h +h,-h hp -ho !>+ s -h+ ha !>+ *h]! -h+ *h+/9*h $% !>i ? +h#G+ -*7 -] !>+ s A# $% *hA- /i0! 6i2*7 $% ph! $i *7 :*7 -4a *]. N7ha l%?hc*7 +h0 -] !>+ -@-h &' l( !"# *%o l% phk hp /A- -ho !_i loi !"#I !_i -h+ ph)* +,-h. V +hj+k +h[o 2# -3# - +h0 -4a -c*7 $i5- ph)* +,-h !% *7A\i l%! ph)* +,-h phi *7hi2* -#I &[! &F+$% lfa -h_* !>+ ? +h#G+ *%o -ho +h,-h hp +6o*7 -= sK -4a !*h $% /! 8o /A- ?j+ # ph)*+,-h /*7 /* $% +i* +AK*7. T- l% phi +hf- hi5* QRQC +6o*7 -c*7 $i5- &' l( $% +6o*7 -c*7 $i5-

ph)* +,-h /g+ 6a.T6o*7 ?hi &' l( ha ph)* h4 !"#I -] +h0 -] 6+ *hi# #@ +6*h $G+ l( $% -@- ph* *7 h]a

h_- -] +h0 & 6a /*7 +h\iI +k +h#>- $%o !ri loi ** !"#I +h%*h ph3* -4a !"# $% -@- -h+ /A--ho $%o :k*7 /0 +hf- hi5* &' l( !"#. N]i -h#*7 !>+ -@-h +t*7 +h0 -] +h0 -] -@- #@ +6*h sa# /)

& 6a^ ` mf ph@ $v !*7 lAbi -# +6- -4a -h+ !"# 8a* /3#I 7ii ph]*7 -@- -h+ ph)* +,-hI /Aa-h*7 $ :*7 :#*7 :9-h :Abi :*7 -@- !#i +a* -4a -@- io*.

` Q#@ +6*h o& h]a ?h' l%! +ha /ti h]a +69I -h#0* /ti :*7I l%! +a* $v -# +6- $G+-h+ !"# 8a* /3# /0 7ii ph]*7 -ha+ ph)* +,-h $ :*7 hp -h+ +a* +6o*7 :#*7 :9-h.

` mf /+ -h@I ph@ h4 -@- hp -h+ hS# -= $% !k*I +o 6a ?h, CI NI mI *Ab- $%7ii ph]*7 -@- ?i! loi +6o*7 -h+ !"# hS# -= 8a* /3#I /Aa -h*7 $ :*7 -@- hp -h+ha !#i :{ +a* +6o*7 a-i:.

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h4 +o 6a -@- -h+ ?h@- +a* +6o*7 :#*7 :9-h a-i: ha ?i! ha a-i:.


16/98

` mf ?j+ +i*h ha ?j+ +4a -h+ ph)* +,-h :Abi :*7 hp -h+ ?h@-I l%! -h+ ph)* +,-h /A-+@-h 6a ?hi !"# 8a* /3# $% -h#0* sa*7 hp -h+ !bi !% -h*7 +a l /A- -h*7 6a?hi !"# 8a* /3#.

NhA $G +6o*7 #@ +6*h &' l( $% ph)* h4 !"# -] +h0 -] -@- #@ +6*h $G+ l(I -@- ph* *7h]a h_- & 6a *hA ph* *7 o& h]a ?h'I ph* *7 +h4 ph)*I ph* *7 +o ph-I ph* *7 hya+a*I ph* *7 ?j+ +4a -4a -@- ph)* +' -h+ !"# $bi :#*7 :9-h a-i: ph)* h4 !"# $% -@- ph)* +'

-h+ -] +6o*7 !"# $bi *ha#.w] l% *]i -h#*7 ++ - -@- ?h *Z*7 -] +h0 -]I so*7 +6o*7 +hf- +jI +k +h#>- $%o +h%*h ph3*$% 8* -h+ -4a !ri loi !"#I loi -h+ ph)* +,-hI phA=*7 ph@p ph)* +,-hI h]a -h+ &' l( !"# !% -]*hS*7 #@ +6*h & 6a $bi loi !"# /] ?hi &' l(. ma# /) -h*7 +a sz &[! &F+ !>+ s ? +h#G+ &' l(!"# /n -] $% /a*7 /A- :k*7.".D.1. QV thuHt v/ ! ha Zt [>< l Zt\".D.1.1. ]^ng a!i3 mnh9 $_! v ! tnh o>y ha

a. ?guyn t:c ! '>n chtuk*7 a-i: !*h HClI HmBha -@- a-i: !*hI /g- -] +,*h o& h]a !*h WHN;I HClBX

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!"#I +k loi !"#. Th\i 7ia* hya +a* !"# W&' l(X +6o*7 -@- h5 hKI 8*h [*:a* +hA\*7 + $%i 7i\+bi $%i -h- 7i\I -*7 +k loi !"#I 8* -h+ -4a -@- -h+. Cy* *j# +6o*7 ly $i so*7 h5 ?,* W-] @ps#+X +h -h -3* Dd`Jd ph+. uAbi +@- :*7 -4a a-i: /g- $% *hi5+ />I K /) -*7 -] -@- #@ +6*h $G+l( $% h]a h_- sa# /) & 6aI $, :^

` mf ph@ $v !*7 -# +6- -4a -h+ !"#I 7ii ph]*7 -@- -h+ ph)* +,-h /Aa -h*7 $% :#*7:9-h :Abi :*7 -@- !#i +a*.

` Q#@ +6*h o& h]a ?h' l%! +ha /ti h]a +69I -h#0* /ti :*7I l%! +a* $v -@- -h+ !"#I/0 7ii ph]*7 -h+ ph)* +,-h $ :*7 !#i +a* +6o*7 :#*7 :9-h.

` Nj# &' l( !"# hS# -= ph)* +,-h ?i! loi +h -] sf /+ -h@I ph@ h4 -@- hp -h+ hS#-= $% !k* +o 6a ?h, CI *Ab- $% 7ii ph]*7 -@- ?i! loi +6o*7 -h+ !"# hS# -= $:*7 !#i $= -= +a* +6o*7 :#*7 :9-h.

` To 6a hp -h+ :{ 8a h=iI l%! !+ /i a*io* +6o*7 ph)* +' -h+ !"# l%! !"# 89 ph)*h4 +o 6a -@- hp -h+ ?h@- +a* +6o*7 :#*7 :9-h.

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ph* *7 ?j+ +4a -4a -@- ph3* +' -h+ !"# $bi -@- a-i: :k*7 /0 ph)* h4 !"# $% -@--h+ -] +6o*7 !"# $bi *ha#.

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~ [.[;B~ HN;~ HCl

[Cl;~ N~ H` $, : ;^ &' l( !"# +hf- ph!I 6a# #~ N* !"# ~ HN;~ HmBC~ H ~ !#i ?i! loi hya +a*C@- :#*7 :9-h a-i: :k*7 /0 hya +a* $% &' l( !"#^ +6o*7 &' l( Ab+I *7A\i +a +hA\*7 :k*7 -@-

loi :#*7 :9-h a-i: /g-I so*7 ++ *hi2* -h_* loi *%o l% +k +h#>- $%o 8* -h+ -4a ** !"# $% -h+ph)* +,-h +* +i +6o*7 !"# /]

` C@- /=* a-i: /g- HClI HmBI HN;I HClB.` Hr* hp a-i:^ -A\*7 +h4I HN;`HmBI H`HmB` Hr* hp ; a-i:^ HCl`HN;`HmBI HN;`HmB`HClB.` Hr* hp 1 a-i: $% 1 -h+ o& h]a^ HmB`M*BI HN;`HI` Hr* hp a-i: $% 1 !#i^ HN;`HmB`M*BI

Nhi5+ /> ?hi &' l( !"# l% ph +h#>- $%o *hi5+ /> sci -4a a-i: :k*7 /0 ph)* h4 !"#. hi:k*7 hr* hp a-i: +h *hi5+ /> &' l( !"# -y* +k +h#>- +h2! $%o +h%*h ph3* -4a hr* hp a-i: $%+hc*7 +hA\*7 *hi5+ /> *% *}! +6o*7 7ibi h* 7iSa *hi5+ /> sci -4a a-i: :{ sci *h+ $% a-i: ?h] sci


17/98

-h+. wi $bi *hS*7 !"# ?h] ph)* h4I +a phi :k*7 -@- a-i: hog- hr* hp -@- a-i: -] *hi5+ /> sci-ao $% +,*h o& h]a !*h.

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` T6o*7 ly $i so*7 W7! h5 ?,* $% hKX~ H5 /=* 7i*^ h5 8*h hK ha h5 ?,* *hA*7 ?hc*7 /i# ?hi0* *hi5+ />I @p s#+

~ H5 *hi# 8*hI +f />*7 ho%* +o%*^ h5 hK W-] 7i@! s@+ *hi5+ />X $% h5 ?,* W-] 7i@! s@+*hi5+ /> $% @p s#+X.

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6a K /) l%^Ni`C6`[ ~ HN;~ HClNiWN;X~ [WN;X;~ C6WN;X;~ N~ H` V, : ;^ hya +a* #g*7 M* o&i:[ 8}*7 hr* hp HN ;`H. w0 &@- /9*h M* $% -@- +p

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M*~ HN;~ HM*WN;X~ H ~ ` V, : B^


18/98

:Abi :*7 -@- hp -h+ -= ?i! -4a !"# 6a# # sz 89 a-i: /g- o& h]aI /+ -h@ -@- -h+ hS# -=I/Aa -@- ?i! loi $ -@- !#i $c -= +a* +6o*7 :#*7 :9-h *Ab-. Q#@ +6*h h]a h_- -h,*h^

N* !"# ~ HN;~ HmBM[&WN;X&~ M[*WmBX!~ H ~ C~ N.` V, : D^ lb* W1d`deX /0 ph)* h4 !"# +6o*7 /i# ?i5* /#* *]*7 +6o*78*h [*:a*I +6o*7 h>p ?,* ha +6o*7 ly $i s]*7.

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` To 6a -@- s* ph! ?j+ +4a $bi ** !"#'. 8)c c)ch h=a tan ! %ung %-ch h=a tanTh[o ? +h#G+ &' l( *%I -h*7 +a -] +h0 :k*7 -@- :#*7 :9-h -4a -@- -h+ sa# /) /0 &' l(

!"#^` u#*7 :9-h ?i! /g- *]*7 WNaHI H^ 1d`deX` u#*7 :9-h ?i! /g- *]*7 -] -h+ o& h]a !*h WNaH`NaX...` Hr* hp ?i! /g- *]*7 -] -h+ ?h' !*h.` Hr* hp ?i! !*h $% !#i -4a *] WNaH`NaHC;I NaH`NaC;XQ#@ +6*h ph)* h4 /A- +hf- hi5* ?hi /#* sci :#*7 :9-h !"#I +6o*7 !>+ +h\i 7ia* *h+

/9*hI +hA\*7 l% + J`1d 7i\ +6o*7 8*h [*:a* hK. Cy* *j# +6o*7 ly $i s]*7 h5 ?,* W@p s#+ -aoX +h-h !+ ?ho*7 Bd`Jd ph+.

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19/98

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20/98

` L%! 8a h=i *Ab- hp ph $% *Ab- ?j+ +i*h +6o*7 !"#` mf +6o h]aI /+ -h@ -h+ !k*I -@- -h+ hS# -= ?h@- -4a !"#` Ph@ $v -# +6- 8a* /3# -4a ** !"#I -h#0* sa*7 -@- ** /=* 7i* h=*` Ch#0* :*7 -@- -h+ ph)* +,-h + ph- +o sa*7 /=* 7i*` Q#@ +6*h o& h]a ?h' +ha /ti s o& h]a -4a -@- *7#2* + +6o*7 !"#` Eii ph]*7 !>+ s ?h, *hA CI CI m

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HCl e.


22/98

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23/98

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24/98

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25/98

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26/98

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27/98

l%! ?hc 8}*7 NamB?ha* $% &@- /9*h -@- -h+ -hlo6ph[*ol +6o*7 pha *`h[&a*[ 8}*7 HPLC haEC`Mm.

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28/98

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29/98

Ch+ +6ao /ti io* -4a ?i0# -hij+ *% -] +h0 -] hai loi sa#~ T6ao /ti -a+io* a-i: !*h W7- `m;NaX $% a-i: j# W`CNaX.~ T6ao /ti a*io* 8a !*h W7- `N;HX $% 8a j# W`NHHXC= -hj +6ao /ti loi -a+io*

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C= -hj +6ao /ti loi a*io*

m#ppo6+`N;H ~ - $%o !ri loi -h+ ph)* +,-h $% pha +*h !% #@ +6*h -] +h0 /A-+hf- hi5* ++ +6o*7 !>+ ?ho*7 pH *h+ /9*h *%o /].

Ck*7 $bi sf +6ao /ti a*io* $% -a+io* +6o*7 sf -hij+ pha 6* -y* -] -= -hj -hij+ +h[o ?i0# -gp io*Wio*`pai6X. N] -*7 ho%* +o%* +A=*7 +f *hA s- ?( -gp io* -4a h5 pha /o WP`HPLCX. Pha +*h K/) l% -h+ +6ao /ti pha *7A-.C= -hj +6ao /ti -gp -a+io*

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30/98

xa-?[6 1d mP`PI J !L $bi +- /> ;`B !LRph+. Eii hp -h+ ph)* +,-h 8}*7 d !L uCM. + *h]! -h+ ph)* +,-h sz 89 8a h=i $% lci -#* +h[o :y*7 ?h, +6=/j* ->+ hp phI +i /) -h+ ph)* +,-h sz 89 7iS li +62* pha +*h +6o*7 ?hi -@- -h+ ?h@- /i #a. V

+hj $ 8* -h+ *] -*7 l% sf -hij+ 7iSa hai pha ?h, $% 6* +h[o -= -hj hp ph. w0 7ii hpI ->+/A- 7ia *hi5+ $% -h+ ph)* +,-h 8a 6a ?hi 8 !g+ pha +*h $% +h[o :y*7 ?h, +6= /i $%o !@ ph)*+,-h WECX ha hp +h# $%o !>+ :#*7 !ci hS# -= phk hp -ho -@- phFp ph)* +,-h ?h@- *hA HPLCha UV`Vm. PhA=*7 ph@p *% /A- :k*7 -ho -@- !"# 6* $% l*7I 8k* ha 8n +hi *hA*7 -h+h,-h hp -ho -@- -h+ -] *hi5+ /> 8a h=i +h)p W 1Dd oCX. NhA +hj +k $%o $i5- lfa -h_* pha +*h$% *hi5+ /> !% *7A\i +a -] +h0 +@-h /A- -@- *h]! -h+ 6a ?hi *ha# sa# /] ph)* +,-h -h*7 +h[o-@- phA=*7 ph@p phk hp. C@-h *% 6+ +h,-h hp -ho $i5- +@-h -hij+ -@- -h+ hS# -= +6o*7 -@- !"#6* W8>+I 8k*I *hnoX. T+ *hi2* $i5- +6Ab- +i2* phi *h h]a -@- !"# *% 8}*7 !>+ :#*7 !ci +h,-hhp *hA *Ab- ha !>+ :#*7 !ci hS# -= *g*7 -] *hi5+ />i sci -ao. Pha +*h +hA\*7 l% -@- -h+ hp

ph :fa +62* sili-a *hA sili-a +6#*7 +,*h ha 8ij* +,*h +A=*7 +f *hA -@- h5 NP`HPLCI P`HPLC.".D.D.E.". C,! i%u !hidt9 t0ang thidt 2 v v 3'

Th[o ? +h#G+ *% +6a*7 +hij+ 89 -*7 -] hai loi l% h5 /=* 7i* $% h5 ho%* -h*hI +f />*7/A- +h[o -hA=*7 +6*h /9*h s*. h, !a*7 s' :*7 l% 6I H[ ha N+i*h ?hij+ .e.

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31/98

` ChA*7 -+ +hc*7 +hA\*7` ChA*7 -+ lci -#* h=i *Ab-` ChA*7 -+ @p s#+ +hp W-c #a -h)* ?hc*7X.".D.E.". C,! i%u v phng ph,p !hng !t".D.E.".1. Chng !t th/ng thng

a. N7#2* +-^ /) l% #@ +6*h -hA*7 -+ -@- -h+ -h /=* +h#3* :fa $%o /i0! sci -4a -@- -h+

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8. T6a*7 89 $% -@-h +hf- hi5*^ w0 &' l( +h[o ? +h#G+ *%I phi +6a*7 89 h5 +h*7 !@-c #a $% !@ 8=! -h)* ?hc*7 /0 /i# -h*h *hi5+ /> $% @p s#+ +hp +h,-h hp. ma# /) l% !>+$%i $, :.

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` V, : ^ ChA*7 -+ +@-h M[H +i*h ?hij+ + M[H ? +h#G+ W*7#2* li5# +hcX $% +h# l8n -y* li /0 &@- /9*h !>+ s +p -h+ -] +6o*7 M[H ? +h#G+. L dd !L M[H $%o 8*h -hA*7-+I lp h5 +h*7 -c #a -h)* ?hc*7 $% -hA*7 -+ M[H -ho /j* ?hi :9-h l*7 +6o*7 8*h -hA*7-+ -y* ?ho*7 !LI /0 *7#>i. L 8n *% hya +a* +6o*7 D !L uCMI l +)! ha l_- +@-h 8 -g*. + ;` Bd oC -ho /j* ?hi !"# +6o*7 ho%* +o%*I +- l%-@- ?i! loi -h#0* $%o :#*7 :9-h. Th\i 7ia* l2* ![* + `1d *7%. i0# *% 6+ +h,-h hp -ho

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33/98

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34/98


35/98

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36/98

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39/98

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41/98

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