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1 © Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date
I insert classification level
Zukünftige Netztechnologien1. DFN-Forum KommunikationstechnikKaiserslautern, 28.05.2008
Andreas Kirstädter, Thomas MichaelisNokia Siemens NetworksResearch, Technology & Platforms – Network Technology
2 © Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date
Soc Classification level
Acknowledgements
• Claus Gruber
• Harald Rohde
• Bernhard Spinnler
• ITG-Fachgruppe 5.3.3
3 © Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date
Soc Classification level
WARNING: This is on predicting the future …(RAND Corp. , 1954)
4 © Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date
Soc Classification level
Outline
• Motivation
– Drivers for new networking technologies in core & metro NWs
• How can new networking technologies be of service?
– Minimize cost of investment (CAPEX)
– Minimize cost of operation (OPEX)
– Enable novel & differentiated services
• CELTIC project 100GET-E3
• Conclusion
5 © Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date
Soc Classification level
Outline
• Motivation
– Drivers for new networking technologies in core & metro NWs
▪ Network convergence
▪ Exponential traffic growth + flat revenues
▪ Higher margins
• How can new networking technologies be of service?
– Minimize cost of investment (CAPEX)
– Minimize cost of operation (OPEX)
– Enable novel & differentiated services
• CELTIC project 100GET-E3
• Conclusion
6 © Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date
Soc Classification level
WDM/
OTN
Ethernet
NG-SDH
Integration of
Ethernet functionality
IP
ATM
Carrier Ethernet
Transport
Ethernet
Mobile
Backhaul
L2 Core
Metro DWDM
DWDM
with L2-ADM
timeMigration Areas
Carrier Ethernet
Motivation –Drivers for new networking technologies in core & metro NWs
• Network convergence
• Multiple NW infrastructures
• Collapsed switching platform for all legacy & novel services desirable
• Note: ~90% of all traffic is Ethernet-framed
7 © Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date
Soc Classification level
Motivation –Drivers for new networking technologies in core & metro NWs
• Exponential traffic growth
• 40-100% CAGR
• Evolution of (residential) access bandwidth
• Web 2.0 („participatory web”) -Multitude of end user-driven applications
~100%
2000-2007 Euro-IX IXPs peering traffic
• Flat revenues
• 5-6% CAGR (Source: Reuters)
����Decline in average revenue per user (ARPU)
���� IP/MPLS-based NW extension termed too expensive by many carriers
8 © Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date
Soc Classification level
Motivation –Drivers for new networking technologies in core & metro NWs
• Higher margins
• VPN services
• More than just best-effort connectivity
• Dynamic services
• Reducing service delivery time
• QoS-guaranteed services across administrative domains
• Not supported by current packet-based networking technologies
Source:
•Infonetics press releases
•ADVA Optical: “Q1 2007 Financial
Results (Ethernet Revenues 2005-
2010)”
9 © Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date
Soc Classification level
Outline
• Motivation
– Drivers for new networking technologies in core & metro NWs
• How can new networking technologies be of service?
– Minimize cost of investment (CAPEX)
▪ Leverage economies of scale effects
• NG-PONs featuring long reach & high splitting factor
• Spectrally efficient & high-capacity DWDM channels
• Coordinated routing, resilience & planning across technology layers
• High-volume production
• Integrating network elements of different technology layers („Terabit access node“)
▪ Leverage traffic statistics
• Packet aggregation / multiplexing into physical channels
▪ Standardisation
– Minimize cost of operation (OPEX)
– Enable novel & differentiated services
• Conclusion
10 © Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date
Soc Classification level
Minimize cost of investment (CAPEX)
• Leverage economies of scale effects– NG-PONs featuring long reach & high splitting factor
▪ Cost of L1 access infrastructure divided by more users (e.g. PIEMAN project)
▪ Collapse of metro and access
Today:
AccessAggregation
Eliminating 1st/2nd
aggregation switches
Serve more users from fewer locations
Metro/Core
FTTx
with NG-PON:TAN
Metro
FTTx
11 © Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date
Soc Classification level
Minimize cost of investment (CAPEX)
• Leverage economies of scale effects– Spectrally efficient & high-capacity DWDM channels
▪ Cost of L1 core infrastructure (fibers, optical amplifiers, dispersion compensators, ...) divided by more connections
▪ Leveling of capacity demand in absence of a TDM hierarchy – a.k.a. economies-of-scale gain („Bündelungsgewinn“)
90
degree
hybrid
PBS
90
degree
hybrid
Pol X
Pol Y
IX
QX
IY
QY
Integrated Optics
ADC
ADC
ADC
ADC
Digital Postprocessing
VCO
DQPSK
precoder
DQPSK
precoder
Pol X
Pol Y
IX
QX
IY
QY
pi/2
pi/2
CP-QPSK
12 © Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date
Soc Classification level
Minimize cost of investment (CAPEX)
• Perform multi-layer optimisation (MLO)
– Coordinated routing, resilience & planning across technology layers
▪ Switch at coarsest granularity - the coarser the granularity, the more cost-efficient the switching
▪ Eliminating capacity redundancies (e.g. protection on multiple layers)
▪ Minimising begin-of-life (BOL) or end-of-life (EOL) cost – tradeoff!
47,340 37,363 31,580
1,341,000
637,500 589,500
79,500
79,50087,600
0
200,000
400,000
600,000
800,000
1,000,000
1,200,000
1,400,000
1,600,000
opaque transparent optimiert
Router
LC interPoP
OTN
WDM & OXC
-48%
-6%
Total Network costs dominated by IP
Significantly reduction by shifting traffic from the IP to the Ethernet platform
IP over WDM
Opaque, Transparent, Optimized
0
100,000
200,000
300,000
400,000
500,000
600,000
700,000
800,000
2010-A 2010-B 2010-C
SDH - LIC
SDH - Switch
IP - LIC
IP - Router
E - LIC
E - Switch
OTN
WDM
-17%
-24%
IP over Ethernet/SDH over WDM
Optimized
Fully transparent network design cuts network cost by half
Multilayer optimized routing and grooming further reduction by 6%
13 © Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date
Soc Classification level
Minimize cost of investment (CAPEX) – Other means
• Leverage economies of scale effects
– High-volume production
▪ Cost of investment shared with many other product instances, markets & industries
▪ Often preceded by standardisation
– Integrating network elements of different technology layers („Terabit access node“)
▪ Cost of shelf / rack, power supply, cooling, footprint / lease etc. divided by mutiple technology layers
▪ Also: eliminating short-range optics
• Leverage traffic statistics
– Packet aggregation / multiplexing into physical channels
▪ Leveling of capacity demand due to packet multiplexing – a.k.a. statistical multiplexing gain („Multiplexgewinn“)
• Standardisation
– Ensures real competition and comparability in price, given broadly accepted specs / requirements, e.g.
▪ IEEE 802.3ba – Small set of optical IEEE interface solutions covering as many applications as technically &
economically feasible
▪ Advanced TCA – Rack, shelf, backplane mechanical specs etc.
14 © Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date
Soc Classification level
Outline
• Motivation
– Drivers for new networking technologies in core & metro NWs
• How can new networking technologies be of service?
– Minimize cost of investment (CAPEX)
– Minimize cost of operation (OPEX)
▪ Reduce power consumption („green networks“)
▪ Simplify, coordinate & automate operational processes
• Simplify equipment configuration
• Coordinate & automate NW management
• Coordinate & automate provisioning (GMPLS, PCE)
– Enable novel & differentiated services
• CELTIC project 100GET-E3
• Conclusion
15 © Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date
Soc Classification level
Minimize cost of operation (OPEX)
• Reduce power consumption („green networks“)
– Switch at coarsest granularity
▪ The coarser the switching granularity, the more power-efficient the switching
– Other means
▪ Reduce line speed during off-peak times (IEEE 802.3az - Energy-efficient Ethernet)
▪ Network virtualisation, traffic engineering - Upon marginal load, redistribute traffic and send network elements to sleep
▪ Investigate mixed-signal processing
Source: internal analysis
Power consumption (in kW) for 100Gig
Router
1
Switch
0.5
SDH
0.2 ROADM
0.04
Power consumption (in kW) for 100Gig
Router
0.6
Switch
0.2 ROADM
0.01
Future
16 © Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date
Soc Classification level
Minimize cost of operation (OPEX)
• Simplify, coordinate & automate operational
processes
– Coordinate & automate provisioning
▪ Across multiple technology layers and
administrative domains (GMPLS, PCE)
RSVP-TE
OSPF-TE
TEDatabase
LSPDatabase
1. LSAs 1. LSAs
2. PATH 5. PATH
3. L
oo
ku
p
4. R
ou
te
8. RESV 6. RESV
7. C
ross-
con
ne
ct
RSVP-TE
PCEP
LSPDatabase
2. PATH 5. PATH
3. L
oo
ku
p
4. R
ou
te
8. RESV 6. RESV
7. C
ross-
con
ne
ctOSPF-TE
TEDatabase
1. LSAs 1. LSAs
PCEP
Constraint
BasedRouting
PathComputation
Element(PCE)
PathComputation
Client(PCC)
GMPLS
Cro
ss-con
ne
ct
NMS
EMS
Management
Plane
Data / TransportPlane
ControlPlane
PCE
GMPLS + PCC
17 © Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date
Soc Classification level
Minimize cost of operation (OPEX)
Cro
ss-con
ne
ct
NMS
EMS
ManagementPlane
Data / TransportPlane
NMS-based provisioning
18 © Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date
Soc Classification level
Minimize cost of operation (OPEX)
Cro
ss-con
ne
ct
NMS
EMS
ManagementPlane
Data / TransportPlane
Control
Plane GMPLS GMPLS GMPLSGMPLSGMPLS
GMPLS-based provisioninguser-triggered
19 © Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date
Soc Classification level
Minimize cost of operation (OPEX)
EMS
ManagementPlane
Data / TransportPlane
Control
Plane GMPLS GMPLS GMPLSGMPLSGMPLS
GMPLS-based provisioning
NMS
NMS-triggered
Cro
ss-con
ne
ct
20 © Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date
Soc Classification level
Minimize cost of operation (OPEX)
Cro
ss-con
ne
ct
NMS
EMS
ManagementPlane
Data / TransportPlane
Control
Plane
GMPLS / PCE-based provisioningPCE
GMPLS
+PCC
GMPLS
+PCC
GMPLS
+PCC
GMPLS
+PCC
GMPLS
+PCC
NMS-triggered
21 © Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date
Soc Classification level
Minimize cost of operation (OPEX)
NMS
EMS
ManagementPlane
Data / Transport
Plane
Control
Plane
Cro
ss-con
ne
ct
PCE
GMPLS
+PCC
GMPLS
+PCC
GMPLS
+PCC
GMPLS
+PCC
GMPLS
+PCCC
ross-co
nn
ect
PCE
GMPLS
+PCC
GMPLS
+PCC
GMPLS
+PCC
GMPLS
+PCC
GMPLS
+PCC
Multi-Domain Provisioning
22 © Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date
Soc Classification level
Minimize cost of operation (OPEX)
NMS
EMS
ManagementPlane
Data / Transport
Plane
Control
Plane
Cro
ss-con
ne
ct
PCE
GMPLS
+PCC
GMPLS
+PCC
GMPLS
+PCC
GMPLS
+PCC
GMPLS
+PCCC
ross-co
nn
ect
PCE
GMPLS
+PCC
GMPLS
+PCC
GMPLS
+PCC
GMPLS
+PCC
GMPLS
+PCC
Multi-Domain & Multi-Layer Provisioning
Cro
ss-con
ne
ct
PCE
GMPLS
+PCC
GMPLS
+PCC
GMPLS
+PCC
GMPLS
+PCC
GMPLS
+PCC
Cro
ss-con
ne
ct
PCE
GMPLS+PCC
GMPLS+PCC
GMPLS+PCC
GMPLS+PCC
GMPLS+PCC
23 © Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date
Soc Classification level
Outline
• Motivation
– Drivers for new networking technologies in core & metro NWs
• How can new networking technologies be of service?
– Minimize cost of investment (CAPEX)
– Minimize cost of operation (OPEX)
– Enable novel & differentiated services
▪ Carrier Ethernet attributes
▪ End-to-end service guarantees
• CELTIC project 100GET-E3
• Conclusion
24 © Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date
Soc Classification level
Enable novel & differentiated services
• Carrier Ethernet Attributes
– Compared to enterprise networks
carriers have different requirements
– Benchmark are traditional leased-line
services
• Scalability
• Standardized Services
• Service Management
• Quality of Service
• Reliability
Carrier Ethernet Attributes
Source: Metro Ethernet Forum, Sept. 2006
25 © Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date
Soc Classification level
Outline
• Motivation
– Drivers for new networking technologies in core & metro NWs
• How can new networking technologies be of service?
– Minimize cost of investment (CAPEX)
– Minimize cost of operation (OPEX)
– Enable novel & differentiated services
• CELTIC project 100GET-E3
– Objective
– Internal & external collaboration
• Conclusion
26 © Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date
Soc Classification level
POTS / ISDN
xDSL
Ethernet
PON
RAN
3G
...LTE
Metro Core
Access
CELTIC project 100GET-E3 – Objective
CWDM DWDM
Transport
WDM
ATDM
Ethernet Ethernet
ATM /IP Edge & Core
IPTV
VoIP
VPN
ISP
Services / Applications
100GET-E3
Ethernet
27 © Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date
Soc Classification level
CELTIC project 100GET-E3 – Internal & external collaboration
• Networking activities
Internal partners• RTP NT NW research• IPT RD NW research• OBS Multi-layer NW management
Subcontractors• Siemens CT IC2 Multi-layer NW architecture
• TU Dresden – TK Capacity and migration planning
• LRZ Munich Intra-/inter-domain NW management
• U Munich – CDTM Profitability and strategic implications of NGN networks
Partners• TU Munich – LKN Fail-safe network element
configuration / operation• TU Munich – LIS 100Gb/s-scalable NPU
architecture• U Würzburg Multi-layer routing /
resilience• TU Brunswick Inter-domain provisioning
• Physical layer activities
Internal partners• IPT DWDM PHY research
Subcontractors• TU Munich – LNT Design of incoherent
transmission systems• FhG-HHI Berlin Design of coherent
transmission systems• U Kiel Coherent receiver – clock / carrier
recovery• TU Berlin Transmission impairments
(PMD, Kerr); OFDM transmission
• U Bw Munich Polarisation demux, cross-polarisation interference cancellation
Partners• CoreOptics Nur. Transmitter/receiver
subsystems• IHP Frankfurt/Od. Coherent receiver – digital signal
processing• TU Dresden – HFT Adaptive dispersion
compensator
28 © Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date
Soc Classification level
Conclusion
• In the past ...
– ... a single networking technology (WDM) enabled an enormous
bandwidth growth at relatively low cost
• In future ...
– ... network engineers need to investigate multiple networking
technologies simultaneously to achieve comparable bandwidth gain at
affordable cost
▪ Network engineering (PON, DWDM, „green networks“)
▪ Network planning (MLO)
▪ Network operation (GMPLS, PCE)
▪ ... and many more!
▪ ... and more to come!