Download pptx - Ддллралралдп Presentation of practical lessons on environmental sanitation for 4th year 8 - semester

ддллралралдп

Presentation of practical lessons on environmental sanitation for 4th

year

8 - semester


Hygienic evaluation of the effectiveness of treatment facilities for technical and hygienic parameters. The

technique of sanitary inspection facilities for cleaning, additional cleaning and decontamination of waste

water and sludge


1 • The value of wastewater treatment at the sanitary protection of water bodies

2 • Systems and methods of wastewater

3 • The goal of treatment of urban waste water

4 • Mechanical cleaning and facilities prinemenyaemy

plan:


Talaba bilishi kerak

1 Chiqindi suvlari bilan ochik suv xavzalarini iflorslantirishdan ximoyalash ishlarini tamoyillarini

2 Axoli salomatligi xolati va muxitga kator omillarni noxush ta'sirini kamaytirish uchun gigienik va epidimiologik tadbirlarni tashkil kilishni va utkazishni uziga xos tomonlarini

3 Suv xavzasini chiqindi suvlarini tushirishga San Q va M 0056-96 bo’yicha xulosa berishni.

4 Ochiq suv xavzalarini muxofazalash yuzasidan gigienik va epidimiologik tadbirlarni tashkil qilishni va o’tkazishni.

5 Nazorat ob'ktlarini sanitar gigienik tekshirish usulini va suvni sifatini tekshirilganligi xakida talluqli xujjatlarni tuzishni.

6 Sinama olish transpartirovka qilish qoidalarini olingan sinamani saqlash yo’llanma to’ldirishni.ilan aralashish

koeffitsientini


1• Sanitar topografik

2• Sanitar texnik

3• Sanitar epidemiologik

Health survey of treatment facilities for wastewater treatment

ддллралралдпTalaba bajarishi kerak

Tanlab olingan suv manbasida JSN o’tkazishni. Kaogulyasiya qo’llaniladigan suvini tozalash stansiyalarida JSN o’kazish.

Suv xavzasidan suv taminoti tizimidan suv olish nuktalarini belgilab grafik tizmasini tuzishni.

Laborator instrumental tekshruvlar natijalarini integratsiyasini;

Nazorat ob'ktlarini sanitar gigienik tekshruvlar utkazishni va ta'llukli xujjatlarni

tuldirishni.

SXM chegaralarini aniklashda vizual labarator instrumental, xisob usullarini utkazishni.

Ochiq suv xavzalarini chizmasini tuzib unda sinama olish nuqtalarini

ko’rsatishni.


1

• Tozalash stansiyalarini sanitariya-epidemiologik tekshirish: Tozalash stansiyasidagi chikindi suvlarni ishchi –xodimlari va yakin atrofdagi axoli urtasida Yukumli ichak kasalliklari va gelmintlar Bilan kasallanish xolatiga tasirini aniqlash maqsadida o’tkaziladi

2

• Tozalash stansiyalarini sanitar topografik tekshirishdan asosiy maksad sanitariya ximoya mintakaning tarkibi va tozalash inshootlarining ishlatishga kuyiladigan gigienik talablarning buzilishining aniklashBozor kon'yunkturasini tadqiq qilish boskichlari

3

• Tozalash stansiyalarining sanitar –texik tekshirish chikindi suvlar va ularning chukmalarini tozalash,kayta tozalash,zararsislantirsh inshootlaring kurilish tarkibi va ishlatilish tugriligini nazoratdan o’tkazish

Water quality characterized by the following parametersA) Natural

Ii) Anthropogenic:


1• Ob'ektning nomi, manzili , kimga qarashligi

2 • Loyixaning turi., seriyasi ,ishlab chiqilgan yili va ishga tushirilgan vakti.

3• Stansiyaning joylashgan urni, SXM, xududiningulchami

vaobodonlashtirilgani

4 • Chiqindi suvning tavsiloti.

Sanitary inspection schemestation for waste water treatment


1

• Chiqindi suvning urtacha kunlik konsentratsiyalar buyicha sifat tarkibi va uni loyixa malumotlariga mos kelishi.

2• Chiqindi suvlarini tozalash stansiyasiga xaydab beruvchi nasoslarning bor

yo’qligi.

3• Chiqindi suvlarini tozalash uchun ko’rsatilgan tozalash tizimi

4• Mexanik tozalash inshootlari

continuation


9 • Biological treatment:

10 • Sludge treatment.

11 • tertiary treatment:

12

• Decontamination: Reagent: dosing method, the presence of a stock reagent storage conditions; hlorpogloschaemost wastewater and the doses used; contact time; content of residual chlorine.

continuation


13

• evaluation of departmental laboratories to implement the process control of sewage treatment plant and its individual structures, comparison of the data with the results of the departmental laboratory research laboratory CSES.

14 • San. the state of the reservoir at the site of release of treated wastewater

15• The presence of domestic premises for

working, the presence of sanitary books from staff, compliance with the periodicity of the passage of medical examinations

continuation

ддллралралдпQuality water, mainly depends on the environmental hygiene.

Economic activities - industrial production, agriculture, domestic and industrial waste entering the environment, all of this may be adversely on the quality of water

consumed.

Septic tanks used in mechanical wastewater treatment:

1 horizontal tanks2 vertical sumps3 circular tanks

Sumps giving recycled sludge1 Septic2 Bunk

Or septic tanks Escher

ддллралралдпThe goal is to release the biological purification of waste water

from organic matter.

Soil biological methods of sewage treatment

field irrigation

ддллралралдпMethods of biological wastewater treatment:

Natural and soilArtificial or water

fields filtering sewage farm Communal irrigation fields

biofilters

aerotanks

ддллралралдп• The main objective of the sanitary -

topographic survey WWTP is to identify violations of sanitary requirements for maintenance and operation of the territory, individual buildings, sewage treatment plant as a whole and SPZ.

• Sanitation inspection should include checking the correctness of the device, maintenance and operation of treatment facilities, additional cleaning, decontamination and disinfection of wastewater and sludge.

• Sanitary and epidemiological survey is performed in order to determine the effect on the incidence of sewage treatment plant personnel and the population living near the intestinal infections and geohelminthiasis.

Types of sanitary sewage treatment plant survey



• Bosses in the wastewater of different mechanical impurities, ie, more than 16 mm suspended material (paper, cotton, and other branches of proliferation) intended for storage.

• The distance between the barrier fence 16 mm and 60 to 70 are placed on the slope. If the amount of waste suvlarnin more than 25 m 3 per day, and then set barov.Kolichestvo wastewater per day, or 100 liters (0.1 m 3 / day), and held in custody in a high mechanical movement xaskashlar gidrostansportga praise and special grinders.

Hygienic characteristics of

the fence


• Qumtutgichlar chiqindi suv tarkibidagi og‘ir mineral aralashmalar, xususan, qumlarni ushlab qolish uchun mo‘ljallangna. Qumtutgichlar quvvati kuniga 100 m 3/ kdan yuqori bo‘lgan tozalash stansiyalarida o‘rnatiladi. Qumtutgichlarda suvning oqim tekzligi 0,15- 0,3 m/ sek, davomiyligi 30 sek dan kam bo‘lmasligi kerak. Ushlab qolingan kunlar har 2 kunda bir marotaba qum maydonchalariga olib tashlanadi.

Chiqindi suvlarni tozalovchi qumtutgichlarning xarakteristikasi


1 •Tindirish davomiydigi T = 1,5 soat

2 •Chiqindi suvning oqim tezligi V= 7 mm/ sek

3 •Samaradorlik – 60 %

4 •Ushlab qolingan cho’kma 1-2 kunda metentenkda olib tashlanadi

Gorizontal va vertikal tindirgichlarning gigienik xarakteristikasi


1 •Tindirish davomiydigi T = 1,5 soat


3 •Diametri- 16 m dan kam emas, Samaradorlik – 60 %


Radial yoki aylana tindirgichlarning gigienik xarakteristikasi


1 •Tindirish davomiydigi Т = 1,5 soat


3 •Diametri- 10 m dan kam emas, Samaradorlik – 60- 70 %


Vertikal yoki tik tindirgichlarning gigienik xarakteristikasi

ддллралралдп1 •Tindirish davomiydigi Т = 1- 2 kun


3 •Chuqurligi 1,3 м , kengligi- 0, 75 m, uzunligi – 1 m, Samaradorlik – 70- 80 %

4 •Ushlab qolingan cho’kma 6- 12 oyda metentenkda olib tashlanadi

Septik tindirgichlarning gigienik xarakteristikasi


1 •Tindirish davomiydigi Т = 1,5 soat


3 •Samaradorlik – 60- 70 %

4 •Ushlab qolingan cho’kma har 10 kunda il maydonlariga o’tkaziladi

Ikki yarusli tindirgichlarning gigienik xarakteristikasi


Mayda pufakli aeratsiya- 1-4 mm

Chiqindi suvlarning sun'iy biologik tozalash qurilmasi bo‘lib, temir betondan qurilgan to‘g‘ri burchakli shaklga ega. Chuqurligi 2-4 m , bir nechta seksiyalardan tashkil topgan.

O‘rtacha pufakli aeratsiya 5-10 mm

Yirik pufakli aeratsiya 10 mm dan katta


Tuproqda sun'iy tashkil etilgan

chuqur bo‘lmagan suv

havzasi. Chiqindi suv

quyidagi xolatlarda

tozalanadi.

Chiqindi suvning juda past oqim tezligida

Unchalik chuqur bo‘lmagan xolatda

Mikroorganizmlarning intensiv ko‘payishida

Tabiiy suv o‘simliklaridan foydalanib

ддллралралдпChiqindi suvlarni biologik tozalashda qo‘llaniladigan maydonlarni o‘lchamlarini

quyidagi formularlar yordamida aniqlanadi:

W=W foy+ W zaxira+ K( W foy+ W daryo)

bu yerda : W foy- foydali maydon o‘lchami ,

W zaxira- chiqindi suvlarni vegetatsiya davrida tashlash mumkin bo’lmaganda hisobga olinadigan zaxira maydoni К - qo‘shimcha inshootlarni qurishda xisobga olinadigan maydon kattaligi ,

0.15- 0,25 ga teng. W foy= Q

qQ- chiqindi suvlarning miqdori

q- chiqindi suvlarning maqdon yuklamasi

ддллралралдпBir vaqtning o‘zida chiqindi suvlarning

tozalash va utilizatsiya qilish

uchun mo‘ljallangan hamda qishloq

xo‘jalik ekinlarini yetishtirishdga mo‘ljallangan

maxsus dalalar

ддллралралдпChiqindi suvlarni biologik tozalashda qo‘llaniladigan maydonlarni o‘lchamlarini quyidagi formularlar yordamida aniqlanadi:

W=W foy+ K ∙ W foy

Bunda : W foy- foydali maydon o‘lchami ,,

К - qo‘shimcha inshootlarni qurishda xisobga olinadigan

maydon kattaligi , 0.15- 0,25 га тенг.

W foy= Q q

Q- chiqindi suvlarning miqdori q- chiqindi suvlarning maqdon

yuklamasi


Filtratsiya maydonlari chiqindi suvlarni

tabiiy usulda tozalash uchun mo‘ljallangan.

Ular maxsus kartalarga bo‘lingan bo‘lib, kartalarning o‘lchami 1,5 ga dan

kam bo‘lmasligi kerak. Kartalarning

kengligini uzunligiga nisbati 1:2 dan 1:4 gacha bo‘lishi kerak

30

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Gorizontal tindirgich Radial yoki tik

tindirgich

Samaradorligi 70 %Samaradorligi 60 %

Septik tindirgichlar , 70-80 %

TALABALARGA BERILADIGAN SAVOLLAR:

1 Chiqindi suvlarni tozalash inshootlarni ish samaradorligini baxolovchi maxsus ko‘rsatkichlar?2 Septik nima va uning ish samaradorligi nechaga teng?Chiqindi suvlarning biologik tozalash inshootlariga nimalar kiradi?.Chiqindi suvlarni zararsizlantirishda qoldiq xlor miqdori nechaga teng?Faol il nima?Aerotenklarning tuzilishi va ishlash prinsipi

davomi

1 Toza il beruvchi tindirgichlarga nimalar kiradi?2 Tindirgichlarning tuzilishi va ishlash prinsipi3 Panjaralarning tuzilishi va ishlash prinsipi?4 Faol ilning turlari?5 Ikki yarusli tindirgichlarning tuzilishi va ishlash prinsipi?


“Gigiena” Demidenko N.M. taxriri ostida 2002 y “O’zbekiston Respublikasida atmosfera xavoni muxofazalash va axoli

salomatligi ” Sh.T.Iskandarova Toshkent-2000 y Kommunal gigiena amaliy mashg’ulotlar uchun qo’llanma” E.I. Goncharuk

Moskva-1990y - “Kommunal gigiena” Sh. T.Otaboyev, T.I. Iskandarov,

G.T. Iskandarova Tosh-2010 y - “Inson va biosfera” Sh. T.Otaboyev, M.Nabiyev - “Gigiena” Pod redaksey G.I. Rumyansev. GEOTAR Media 2000 “Kommunalnaya gigiena” Pod redaksey V.T. Mazaev GEOTAR Media 2005 “Kommunalnaya gigiena” Pod redaksey E.I. Goncharuka Kiev 2007 - Kommunal gigiena amaliy mashg’ulotlar uchun qo’llanma”

T.I.Iskandarov tahriri ostida Toshkent-2004y

Foydalaniladigan аdabiyotlar

ддллралралдп• - KMK «Shaxarsozlik»• - QMQ “Suv ta'minoti”• DavST 950-2011 “Ichimlik suvi”

* DavST 951-2000 “Markazlashtirilgan suv ta’minoti manbaalarini tanlash qoidlari”* SaNPiN №0172-04 “Oxrana poverxnostnix vod ot zagryazneniya*SaNPiN № 0211-06 “Gigiyenicheskiye kriterii kachestva pityevoy vodi”*SaNPiN № 0170-04 “Gigiyenicheskaya ocenka reagentov ispolzuyemix v sistemax vodopodgotovki v specificheskix usloviyax Ruz”

ддллралралдп Internet saytlari

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