VesselSanitationProgram

OperationsManual

August2005

U.S.PublicHealthService CentersforDiseaseControl

andPrevention NationalCenterforEnvironmentalHealth

Department of HealthandHuman ServicesCenters for DiseaseControland Prevention NationalCenter for EnvironmentalHealth

VesselSanitation Program

Atlanta,GA andFt Lauderdale, FL

Vessel Sanitation Program

Centers forDisease Control and Prevention

4770 Buford Highway, NEF59 Atlanta, GA303413717 Phone: (770)4887070 Fax: (770)4884127 Email: vsp@cdc.gov

Vessel Sanitation Program

Centers forDisease Control and Prevention

1850 Eller Drive, Suite 101 Ft Lauderdale, FL 333164201

Phone: (800)3232132 or(954)3566650 Fax: (954)3566671 Email: vsp@cdc.gov

The VSPOperationsManual and updates are available at www.cdc.gov/nceh/vsp.

i

mailto:vsp@cdc.govmailto:vsp@cdc.govhttp://www.cdc.gov/nceh/vsp

Forward

TheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention(CDC)establishedtheVesselSanitationProgram (VSP)inthe 1970'sasacooperativeactivitywiththecruiseshipindustry. The programassiststhe cruiseshipindustryin fulfillingitsresponsibilityfor developingandimplementingcomprehensivesanitation programsin ordertominimizetheriskofgastrointestinaldiseases.Everyvesselthathasa foreignitineraryandcarries13 ormorepassengersissubjecttotwiceyearlyinspectionsand,when necessary,reinspection.

The VSPoperatedcontinuouslyatallmajorU.S.portsfrom the early1970'sthrough1986,whenCDCterminatedportionsoftheprogram. Industryand publicpressuresresultedinCongressdirectingCDC throughspecificlanguageincludedinCDC appropriationstoresumetheVSP.TheNationalCenter for EnvironmentalHealth(NCEH) atCDCbecameresponsible for theVSPin 1986.

TheNCEHheldaseriesof publicmeetingsto determinetheneedsanddesiresofthe publicand cruiseshipindustryandonMarch 1,1987,arestructuredprogram began. In1988,theprogramwasfurther modified byintroducing user feestoreimburse theU.S.government for costs. A feebased on the vesselssizeischarged forinspectionsandreinspections. AVSP OperationsManual basedonthe FDA1976modelcode for foodserviceandthe WorldHealthOrganizationsGuidetoShipSanitation waspublishedin 1989toassistthecruiseshipindustryineducatingshipboard personnel.

In1998,itbecame apparentthatiswastimeto updatethe1989versionofthe VSPOperationsManual.Changesin theFDA FoodCode,newscience on foodsafetyandprotection,andnewertechnologyin thecruiseshipindustrycontributedtotheneed forarevisedOperationsManual.During the 2yearsfollowing,theVSPsolicitedcommentsfromandconductedpublicmeetingswithrepresentativesof the cruiseindustry,generalpublic,FDAandinternationalpublichealthcommunitytoensurethatthe 2000 manualwouldappropriatelyaddresscurrentpublichealthissuesrelated tocruiseshipsanitation.

Although thepreviousVSPOperationsManualwasinuse for 5years,we haveseennewtechnology,advanced foodscience,andemergingpathogenswhichrequirethemanualto beupdated.Thisdocumentrepresentsthecommentsandcorrectionssubmitted byallthosecooperative partnersin government,privateindustry,andthepublic. We wouldliketothankallthosewhosubmittedcommentsandparticipatedthroughoutthisprocess.

Asnewinformation,technology,andinputisreceived,wewillcontinuetoreviewandrecordthatinformationandmaintaina publicprocesstokeep theManualcurrent.

The VSPOperationsManual2005continuesthe30yeartraditionofgovernmentandindustryworking togetherto achieve asuccessfulandcooperative VesselSanitation Programthatbenefitsmillionsoftravelerseach year.

DavidForneyVesselSanitation Program

Forward ii

Table ofContents

1.0 Introduction........................................................................................................................1 1.1 Introduction and Background.................................................................................................................... 1

1.2 Activities .................................................................................................................................................. 1

1.3 Operations Manual................................................................................................................................... 2

2.0 Authority.............................................................................................................................3 2.1 PublicHealth Service Act ......................................................................................................................... 3

3.0 Definitions ..........................................................................................................................5 3.1 Scope ...................................................................................................................................................... 5

3.2 Definitions................................................................................................................................................ 5

4.0 GastrointestinalIllnessSurveillance .............................................................................23 4.1 Data Collection........................................................................................................................................23

4.2 Notification..............................................................................................................................................26

4.3 Clinical Specimens..................................................................................................................................28

4.4 Requirements for Isolating Symptomatic and Primary Contacts of Crew and Passengers with Gastroenteritis...................................................................................................................................................29

5.0 PotableWater...................................................................................................................31 5.1 Source ....................................................................................................................................................31

5.2 Bunkerand Production Halogenation ......................................................................................................32

5.3 Potable WaterSystem.............................................................................................................................33

5.4 Potable WaterSystem Halogenation .......................................................................................................38

5.5 Potable WaterSystem Halogen Monitoring..............................................................................................38

5.6 MicrobiologicMonitoring..........................................................................................................................41

5.7 WaterDistribution SystemProtection ......................................................................................................41

6.0 SwimmingPoolsandWhirlpoolSpas............................................................................45 6.1 Flow Through SeawaterSwimming Pools................................................................................................45

6.2 Recirculating Swimming Pools ................................................................................................................45

6.3 Whirlpool Spas........................................................................................................................................47

6.4 Safety .....................................................................................................................................................51

7.0 FoodSafety ......................................................................................................................53 7.1 Reserved ................................................................................................................................................53

7.2 Personnel ...............................................................................................................................................53

7.3 Food .......................................................................................................................................................59

7.4 Equipment and Utensils ..........................................................................................................................77 Table of Contents iv

7.5 Warewashing ..........................................................................................................................................87

7.6 Poisonous and Toxic Materials................................................................................................................99

7.7 Facilities................................................................................................................................................102

8.0 IntegratedPestManagement ........................................................................................109 8.1 Integrated Pest Management ................................................................................................................109

8.2 Pest Control ..........................................................................................................................................111

9.0 Housekeeping ................................................................................................................113 9.1 Infection Control Procedures .................................................................................................................113

9.2 Air Systems...........................................................................................................................................115

9.3 Fountains, Humidifiers, and Showers ....................................................................................................115

10.0 ChildActivityCenters ................................................................................................117 10.1 DiaperChanging................................................................................................................................117

10.2 Toilets and Handwashing...................................................................................................................118

10.3 Cleaning and Disinfection ..................................................................................................................119

10.4 Exclusions .........................................................................................................................................120

11.0 AdministrativeGuidelines..........................................................................................121 11.1 Inspections ........................................................................................................................................121

11.2 Inspection Report ..............................................................................................................................122

11.3 RiskBased Scoring and Correction Priority........................................................................................122

11.4 Closing Conference ...........................................................................................................................123

11.5 Inspection Review..............................................................................................................................124

11.6 Corrective Action Statement ..............................................................................................................126

11.7 Correction Affidavit ............................................................................................................................126

11.8 Inspection Publication........................................................................................................................127

11.9 Recommendation that the Vessel Not Sail .........................................................................................127

11.10 Reinspection and FollowUp Inspections...........................................................................................128

11.11 Construction /Renovation Inspections ................................................................................................129

11.12 OtherEnvironmental Investigations....................................................................................................131

11.13 Variances ..........................................................................................................................................131

12.0 Index ............................................................................................................................133

13.0 Annexes.......................................................................................................................151 13.1 Authority ............................................................................................................................................152

13.2 Gastrointestinal Illness Surveillance System ......................................................................................162

13.3 Gastrointestinal Illness Surveillance System Reporting ......................................................................166

13.4 Gastrointestinal Illness OutbreakInvestigation ...................................................................................168

13.5 Disinfection Calculations forWater and Equipment...............................................................................177

v Table of Contents

13.6 Food Cooking Temperature Alternatives ............................................................................................181

13.7 Warewashing Evaluation ...................................................................................................................183

13.8 Inspection Report ..............................................................................................................................188

13.9 Corrective Action Statement ..............................................................................................................190

13.10 Summaryof Sanitation Inspections of International Cruise Ships.......................................................192

13.11 Fecal Accident Plan...........................................................................................................................195

14.0 Bibliography................................................................................................................197

Table of Contents vi

organization TheVesselSanitationProgramOperationsManual isdividedintochaptersandthensectionsthatfocusoneach operationalareaimportanttosafeguardingpublichealthaboardvessels.

keywords Eachoftheguidelinesisformattedwithakeywordor phraseontheleftsideofthepagetoassisttheuser inquicklylocatingaspecificsection.

section number The internationalnumberingsystemisusedtoorganizetheguidelinesinthisdocument.

description Thepublichealthcompliancerecommendationisprovidedinthisstatement.

italics Portionsofsomesectionsoftheseguidelinesarewritteninitalics. Theseprovisionsarenotrequirements,butareprovidedtoconveyrelevantinformationaboutspecificexceptionsandalternativemeansforcompliance.

inspectionreport The individual inspectionreportitemnumberthatwillbenumber found inviolation ifthisrecommendation isnotfollowedis

showntotherightofthedescription.

criticals Criticalcomplianceitemsaredesignatedinthese guidelineswitha C totherightoftheinspectionreportnumberwhichisalsohighlightedinredalongwiththe sectionnumber.

noncriticalitems Noncriticalcompliance itemsaretheother itemsinthismanual.

INFORMATIONTOASSIST THEUSERONTHE MANUALFORMAT

Information to assist the userthe Manual format vii

1.0 Introduction

1.1 IntroductionandBackground 1.2 Activities1.3 OperationsManual

1.1 IntroductionandBackground

1.1.1 CooperativeActivity history 1.1.1.1 TheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention(CDC)established

theVesselSanitationProgram(VSP)in1975,asacooperativeactivitywiththecruiseshipindustry.Thisprogramassiststhecruiseshipindustryinfulfillingitsresponsibilityfordevelopingand implementingcomprehensiveperformancebasedsystemsto protectthehealthofthetravelingpublic.

cooperation 1.1.1.2 Theprogramfosterscooperationbetweenthecruiseshipindustryandgovernmenttodefineandreducehealthrisksassociatedwithvesselsandtoensureahealthfulandcleanenvironmentfor vesselspassengersandcrew.The industrysaggressiveandongoingeffortstoachieveandmaintainhighstandardsoffoodsafetyand environmentalsanitationarecriticalto thesuccessof protectingpublichealth.

1.2 Activities1.2.1 Prevention

inspections 1.2.1.1 TheVSPconductsacomprehensivefoodsafetyandenvironmentalsanitation inspectiononvesselsthathaveaforeign itinerary,call on aU.S.port,andcarry13 ormorepassengers.

surveillance 1.2.1.2 Theprogramconductsongoingsurveillanceofgastrointestinalillnessandcoordinates/conductsoutbreakinvestigationsonvessels.

Introduction 1

1.2.2 Information training 1.2.2.1 TheVSPprovidesfoodsafetyandenvironmentalsanitationtraining

seminarsforvessel andshoreoperationsmanagementpersonnel.

plan review 1.2.2.2 Theprogramprovidesconsultativeservicesforreviewing plansfor renovationsand newconstruction.

construction 1.2.2.3 Theprogramconductsconstructioninspectionsattheshipyardsand inspections whenthevesselmakesitsinitialcallat aU.S.port.

information 1.2.2.4 Theprogramdisseminatesinformationtothepublic.

1.3 OperationsManual 1.3.1 Revisions

manual 1.3.1.1 TheOperationsManualfor theVSPhasbeen modifiedasaresultofemergingpublichealth issues, industryrecommendations,introduction ofnewtechnologieswithintheindustry,newguidancefromsourcesusedinthepreviousedition,andCDCsexperience.

program 1.3.1.2 Theprogramoperationsandinspectionsarebasedonthismanual. guidance periodic 1.3.1.3 TheOperationsManualwill bereviewedannuallyinthepublicmeetingreview withwrittensubmissionsforrevisionbasedonemergingpublichealth

issuesandnewtechnologiesthatmaybetter addressthepublichealthissuesonvessels.

Introduction 2

2.0 Authority

2.1 PublicHealthServiceAct

2.1.1 CommunicableDiseasePrevention communicable 2.1.1.1 AlthoughcooperationbyvesselswiththeVSPisvoluntary,thePublicdisease HealthService(PHS) isauthorizedbythePublicHealthServiceAct(42 prevention U.S.C.Section264. QuarantineandInspectionRegulationstocontrol

communicablediseases)totakemeasuresnecessarytopreventtheintroduction,transmission,orspreadofcommunicablediseasesintothe UnitedStatesfromaforeigncountry.

regulation 2.1.1.2 Inaddition,thePublicHealthServiceAct(42 U.S.C.Section269.promulgation Quarantineand InspectionBillsofhealth.) authorizesthepromulgation

ofregulationsapplicabletovesselsforpreventingtheintroductioninto theUnitedStatesof"anycommunicablediseasebysecuringthe bestsanitaryconditionofsuchvessels,theircargoes,passengers,and crews."

inspections 2.1.1.3 RegulationspromulgatedtocarryoutthesedutiesauthorizethePHSto conductsanitaryinspectionsoncarrierstraveling toaU.S.portfromaforeignarea (42CFRSection71.41.General Provisions,Foreign QuarantineRequirementsUponArrivalatU.S.Ports:SanitaryInspection).Thispurposeofthe inspection istodeterminethe existenceofvermin,contaminatedfood orwater,or otherinsanitaryconditionsthatmaycontributetothe introduction,spread,or transmissionofcommunicabledisease.

Authority 3

3.0 Definitions

3.1Scope3.2Definitions

3.1 Scope 3.1.1 DefinitionsprovidedintheOperationsManualareprovidedtoclarify

terminologycommonlyusedinpublichealth.

3.1.2 Thetermsdefinedareshowninrelationto OperationsManualchapterswheretheyareused,buttheymayalsopertaintootherchaptersinthismanual.

3.2 Definitions

Authority

"USPHSorPHS" meanstheU.S.PublicHealthService.

PotableWater

"Airbreak"meansapipingarrangementinwhichadrainfromafixture,appliance,ordevicedischargesindirectlyinto anotherfixture,receptacle,or interceptoratapoint belowthefloodlevelrim.

"Airgap"meanstheunobstructedverticaldistancethroughthefree atmospherebetweenthe lowestopening fromanypipeorfaucetsupplyingwatertoatank, plumbingfixture,orother deviceandthefloodlevelrimofthe receptacleorreceivingfixture. The airgapmustbeatleasttwicethediameterofthesupplypipeor faucetoratleast25mm (1inch),whichever isgreater.

"Atmosphericvacuumbreaker" meansanapprovedbackflowprevention devicethat isnecessaryonapotablewateroutletdesignedforanattachmentthatdoesnothaveashutoffdownstreamfromtheattachmenttoprecludethe possibilityofbackflow. Meansanapprovedbackflowpreventionplumbing deviceutilizedonpotablewaterlineswhereshutoffvalvesdonotexistdownstreamfromthedevice. The deviceisnotapprovedforusewhenitisinstalledinamannerthatwillcauseittobeundercontinuouswaterpressure. Anatmosphericvacuumbreakermustbe installed atleast152mm(6inches) abovethefloodlevelrimofthefixtureorcontainertowhichitissupplyingwater.

Definitions 5

"Backflow"meanstheflowofwaterorother liquids,mixtures,orsubstance intothedistribution pipesof apotablesupplyofwaterfromanysourceor sourcesotherthanthesourceofpotablewatersupply.Backsiphonage isoneformofbackflow.

"Backflow,check,ornonreturn valve" meansamechanicaldeviceinstalledinawastelineto preventthe reversalof flowunderconditionsofbackpressure.Inthecheckvalvetype,theflapshouldswingintoarecesswhenthelineisflowingfull,toprecludeobstructingtheflow.

"Backflowpreventer"meansanapprovedbackflowpreventionplumbing devicethatmustbeusedonpotablewaterdistribution lineswherethereisadirectconnectionorapotentialconnectionbetweenthepotablewater distributionsystemandother liquids,mixtures,orsubstancesfromanysourceotherthanthepotablewatersupply.Somedevicesaredesignedfor useundercontinuouswaterpressure,whereasothersarenonpressuretypes.Toensureproper protectionof thewatersupply,athorough reviewof thewatersystemshallbemadetoconfirmthattheappropriatedeviceisselectedforeachspecificapplication. TheVSPonlyacceptsventeddevices.

"Backsiphonage" meanstheflowingbackofused,contaminated,or pollutedwaterfromaplumbingfixtureorvesselorothersourceintoawater supplypipeasaresultofnegativepressureinthepipe.

"Blackwater"meanswastefromtoilets,urinals,medicalsinks,andother similarfacilities.

"Crossconnection"meansanyunprotectedactualor potentialconnectionorstructuralarrangementbetweenapublicor aconsumerspotablewater systemandanyothersourceorsystemthroughwhichitispossibleto introduce intoanypartofthe potablesystem,anyusedwater,industrialfluid,gas,orsubstance otherthan the intended potablewaterwithwhichthe systemissupplied.Bypassarrangements,jumperconnection,removablesection,swivelorchangeoverdevices, andothertemporaryorpermanentdeviceswhichorbecauseofwhichbackflowcanoccur areconsideredtobecrossconnections.

"Graywater"meansallwater includingdrainagefromgalleys,dishwashers,showers,laundries, andbathandwashbasin drains.Itdoesnotincludeblackwaterorbilgewaterfromthemachineryspaces.

"Halogen"meansthegroupofelementsincludingfluorine,chlorine,bromine,andiodine usedforthedisinfection ofwater.

"Harborarea"meansthatportionofaharborsetasideforvessel anchorageorfor portsincludingwharves,piers,quays,andserviceareas,the boundariesarethehighwatershoreline,andothersasdeterminedbylegaldefinition,citationofcoordinates,orothermeans.

Definitions6

"Hoseconnectionvacuumbreaker" meansanapprovedbackflowpreventionplumbingdevicethatattachesdirectlytoahosebibbywayofa threadedhead.Thisdeviceusesasinglecheckvalveandvacuumbreaker vent.Itisnotapprovedforuseundercontinuouspressure(whenashutoffvalveislocated downstreamfromthedevice).

"mg/L"meansmilligramsperliter,whichisthemetricequivalentofpartsper million (ppm).

"Nonpotablefreshwatermeansfreshwaterthatmayormaynotbe halogenated,but isintendedforuse intechnicalandotherareaswherepotablewater isnotrequired (laundries,engineroom,toiletsandwastetreatmentareas,andforwashingdecksinareasother thanthevesselshospital,foodservice,preparation,orstorage areas).

"Pollution"meansthepresenceinwaterofanyforeignsubstance(organic,inorganic,radiologic,orbiologic)thattendstodegradewaterqualitytocreateahealthhazard.

"Potablewater"meansfreshwaterintended fordrinking,washing,bathing, orshoweringforuseinfreshwaterswimmingpoolsandwhirlpoolspasfor useinthevesselshospitalfor handling,preparing,orcookingfoodandfor cleaningfoodstorageandpreparationareas,utensils,and equipment.

"Potablewatertanks"meansalltanksinwhichpotablewater isstored from bunkeringandproductionfordistributionanduseaspotablewater.

"Reduced pressureprinciplebackflowpreventionassembly(RP Assembly)" meansanassemblycontainingtwoindependentlyactingapprovedcheckvalvestogetherwithahydraulicallyoperating,mechanicallyindependentpressuredifferentialreliefvalvelocatedbetweenthecheckvalvesandatthesametimebelowthefirstcheckvalve.Theunitshallincludeproperlylocatedresilientseatedtestcocksandtightlyclosingresilientseatedshutoffvalvesateachendoftheassembly.

"Sewage" meansanyliquidwastecontaining animalorvegetablematterinsuspensionorsolution, includingliquidscontainingchemicalsinsolution.

"Specialtybackflowpreventer" meansanapprovedbackflowdeviceused inlowhazardsituationsthathastwoindependentcheckvalveswithan intermediatevacuumbreakerandreliefvalve.

"SpaPool"meansafreshorsaltwatersuppliedpoolwithwatertemperaturesandturbulencecomparabletoawhirlpoolspa,butawaterdepthandvolumemorecomparabletoapool (ie.3040Cor86104F,bubblingorjetted watereffectswhichphysicallybreakatthewatersurface,depthover1m(3feet),shapeisnormallynoncircular,andvolumeexceeds6tonsofwater).

Definitions 7

"Technicalwater"meansfreshwaterNOT intendedfor1)drinking,washing,bathing,orshowering:2)use inthe vesselshospital:3)handling, preparing,orcooking food:and4)cleaningfoodstorageandpreparationareas,utensils,andequipment.

FoodSafety

Additive. (a)"Foodadditive"hasthemeaningstated intheFederalFood,Drug,and CosmeticAct,201(s) and21CFR170.

(b)"Coloradditive"hasthemeaningstatedintheFederalFood,Drug,and CosmeticAct,201(t) and21CFR70.

"Accessible"meanscapableofbeingexposedforcleaningand inspection withtheuse ofsimpletoolssuch asascrewdriver,pliers,oranopenendwrench.

"Adulterated"hasthemeaningstatedintheFederalFood,Drug,andCosmeticAct,402.

"Approved"meansacceptabletotheVSPbasedonadeterminationof conformitywithprinciples,practices,andgenerallyrecognizedstandardsthatprotectpublichealthsuchasANSI/NSFstandards,ASSEstandards,federal regulationsor equivalentinternational standardsandregulations.

"aw" meanswateractivitywhichmeasuresthefreemoistureinafood.Itisthequotientofthewatervaporpressureofthesubstancedividedbythe vaporpressureofpurewaterat thesametemperature.

"Beverage"meansaliquidfordrinking,includingwater.

"BlastChiller"meansaunitspecificallydesignedforrapidintermediatechillingoffoodproductsfrom60C(140F)to21C(70F)withintwohoursand21C(70F)to 5C(41F)withinanadditional4hours.

"Bottled drinkingwater"meanswaterthat issealed inbottles,packages,orothercontainersandoffered forsaleandthatissafeforhuman consumption,includingbottledmineralwater.

"Certificationnumber" meansauniquecombinationof lettersandnumbersassignedbyashellfishcontrolauthoritytoamolluscanshellfishdealeraccording totheprovisionsoftheNationalShellfishSanitation Program.

"CIP" meanscleanedinplacebycirculatingorflowingmechanicallythroughapipingsystemofadetergentsolution,waterrinse,andsanitizing solutionontooroverequipmentsurfacesthatrequirecleaning,suchasthe methodused,inpart,tocleanandsanitizeafrozendessertmachine.

Definitions8

"CIP"doesnotincludethecleaningof EQUIPMENT such asbandsaws,slicers,ormixersthataresubjectedtoinplacemanualcleaningwithoutthe useofaCIPsystem.

"CFR"meansCodeofFederalRegulations. Citations inthisCodetotheCFRrefersequentiallytotheTitle,Part,andSectionnumbers,suchas21CFR178.1010referstoTitle21,Part178,Section1010.

"Codeof FederalRegulations"meansthecompilationofthegeneralandpermanentrulespublished intheFederalRegisterbytheexecutivedepartmentsandagenciesofthefederalgovernmentwhich:

(a)IspublishedannuallybytheU.S.GovernmentPrintingOfficeand

(b)ContainsFDArulesin21CFR,USDArulesin7CFRand9CFR,EPA rulesin40CFR,andWildlifeand Fisheriesrulesin50CFR.

"Comminuted"meansreducedinsizebymethodsincludingchopping,flaking,grinding,ormincing.

"Comminuted"includesfishormeatproductsthatarereducedinsizeandrestructured orreformulatedsuchasgefiltefish,gyros,groundbeef,and sausageandamixtureof2ormoretypesof meatthathavebeenreducedinsizeandcombined,suchassausagesmadefrom2ormoremeats.

"Confirmeddiseaseoutbreak"meansafoodborne orwaterbornedisease outbreakinwhichlaboratoryanalysisofappropriatespecimensidentifiesa causativeagentandepidemiologicanalysisimplicatesthefood orwaterasthesourceoftheillness.

"Consumer" meansapersonwhoisamemberofthepublic,takespossessionoffood,isnotfunctioning inthecapacityofan operator ofafoodestablishmentorfoodprocessingplant,anddoesnotofferthefoodfor resale.

"Corrosionresistantmaterial"meansamaterialthatmaintainsacceptablesurfacecleanabilitycharacteristicsunder prolongedinfluenceofthefood tobecontacted,the normaluseofcleaningcompoundsand sanitizingsolutions,and otherconditionsoftheenvironmentwherethe material isused.

"Coved"meansaconcavesurface,molding,orotherdesignthateliminatestheusualanglesof 90degreesor less.

"Criticalcontrolpoint"meansapointorprocedureinaspecificfood system wherelossofcontrolmayresultinanunacceptablehealthrisk.

Definitions 9

"Criticallimit" meansthemaximumor minimumvalueatacriticalcontrolpointtowhichaphysical,biologic,orchemicalparametermustbe controlledtominimizetheoccurrenceofriskfromanidentifiedfoodsafetyhazard.

"Decksink"meansasinkrecessedintothe deck,sizedtocontainwaste liquidsfromtiltingkettlesandpans.

"Disinfection"meansthedestructionofallvegetativecells(notspores) inoron inanimateobjects.

"Drinkingwater"meanswaterthatmeets40CFR141NationalPrimaryDrinkingWaterRegulations.

"Drinkingwater"istraditionallyknownas"potablewater."

"Drinkingwater"includestheterm"water"exceptwherethetermusedconnotesthatthewaterisnotpotable,suchas"boilerwater," "mop water," "rainwater,""wastewater,"and"nondrinking"water.

"Drystoragearea"meansaroomorareadesignatedforthestorageof packagedorcontainerizedbulkfoodthatisnotpotentiallyhazardousanddrygoodssuchassingleserviceitems.

"Easilycleanable"meansacharacteristicofasurface that:

(a)Allowseffectiveremovalofsoil bynormal cleaningmethods

(b)Isdependentonthematerial,design,construction,and installationofthe surfaceand

(c)Varieswith thelikelihoodofthesurface'sroleinintroducingpathogenicortoxigenicagentsorothercontaminantsintofoodbasedonthesurface'sapprovedplacement,purpose,anduse.

"Easilycleanable" includesatiered applicationofthecriteriathatqualifythesurfaceaseasilycleanableasspecifiedunderSubparagraph(a) ofthisdefinitionto differentsituationsinwhichvaryingdegreesofcleanabilityarerequiredsuchas:

(a)Theappropriatenessofstainlesssteelfor afoodpreparationsurface,comparedwiththelackofneedforstainlesssteeltobe usedforfloorsor for tablesused forconsumerdiningor

(b)Theneedforadifferentdegreeofcleanabilityforautilitarianattachmentoraccessoryinthekitchen,comparedwithadecorativeattachmentor accessoryintheconsumerdiningarea.

Definitions10

"Easilymovable"means:

(a)Portablemountedoncasters,gliders,orrollersor providedwithamechanicalmeanstosafelytiltaunitofequipmentforcleaningand

(b)Havingnoutilityconnection,autilityconnectionthatdisconnectsquickly,oraflexibleutilityconnection lineofsufficientlengthto allowtheequipmenttobemovedforcleaningoftheequipmentandadjacentarea.

"EPA" meanstheU.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgency.

"Equipment"meansanarticleused intheoperationofafoodestablishment,suchasafreezer,grinder,hood,icemaker,meatblock,mixer,oven,reachinrefrigerator,scale,sink,slicer,stove,table,temperaturemeasuringdeviceforambientair,vendingmachine,or warewashingmachine.

"Equipment" doesnotincludeitemsusedforhandlingorstoringlarge quantitiesofpackagedfoodsthatarereceivedfromasupplierinacasedor overwrappedlot,suchashandtrucks,forklifts,dollies,pallets,racks,and skids.

"Fish"meansfreshorsaltwaterfinfish,crustaceans,andotherformsof aquaticlife(includingalligator,frog,aquaticturtle,jellyfish,seacucumber,andseaurchinandtheroe ofsuchanimals)otherthanbirdsormammals,andallmollusks,ifsuchanimal lifeisintendedforhumanconsumption.

"Fish" includesanediblehumanfoodproductderived inwholeor inpartfromfish,includingfishthathavebeenprocessedinanymanner.

"Floorsink"see decksink.

"Food" meansaraw,cooked,orprocessedediblesubstance,ice,beverage,or ingredientusedor intendedfor useorforsaleinwholeor inpartforhumanconsumption,orchewinggum.

"Foodbornediseaseoutbreak"meansan incidentinwhich:

(a)2ormorenonrelatedpersonsexperience asimilar illnessafter ingesting acommonfoodand

(b)Epidemiologicanalysisimplicatesthefoodasthesourceoftheillness.

"Foodbornediseaseoutbreak" alsoincludesasinglecase ofillnesssuch as1person illfrombotulismorchemicalpoisoning.

"Foodcontactsurface" means:

(a)Asurfaceofequipmentorautensilwithwhichfoodnormallycomesinto

Definitions 11

contactor

(b)Asurfaceofequipmentorautensilfromwhichfoodmaydrain,drip,or splashintoafood,orontoasurfacenormallyincontactwithfood.

"Foodemployee"meansapersonworkingwithunpackagedfood,foodequipmentorutensils,table linens,orfoodcontactsurfaces.

"Foodprocessingplant"meansacommercialoperationthatmanufactures,packages,labels,orstoresfoodforhumanconsumptionanddoesnot provide fooddirectlyto aconsumer.

"Gameanimal"meansananimal,theproductsofwhicharefood,thatisnotclassifiedascattle,sheep,swine,goat,horse,mule,orother equine in9 CFRSubchapterAMandatoryMeatInspection,Part301,asPoultryin9 CFRSubchapterCMandatoryPoultryProductsInspection,Part381,or asfishasdefinedunderSubparagraph1201.10(B)(25).

"Gameanimal"includesmammalssuchasreindeer,elk,deer,antelope,waterbuffalo,bison,rabbit,squirrel,opossum,raccoon,nutria,ormuskrat, andnonaquaticreptilessuchaslandsnakes.

"Gameanimal"doesnot includeratitessuch asostrich,emu,andrhea.

"Gap"meansanopenjuncturebetweentwomaterialsorequipmentcomponentsandisgenerallylargerthanaseam.Seeseam.

"GradeAstandards"meanstherequirementsofthePHS/FDA"GradeAPasteurizedMilkOrdinance"and"GradeACondensedandDryMilkOrdinance"withwhichcertainfluidand drymilkandmilkproductscomply.

"Generalusepesticide"meansapesticidethatisnotclassifiedbyEPA forrestricteduseasspecifiedin40CFR152.175.

"HACCPplan" meansawrittendocumentthatdelineatestheformalproceduresforfollowingtheHazardAnalysisCriticalControlPointprinciplesdevelopedbyTheNationalAdvisoryCommitteeonMicrobiologicalCriteriaforFoods.

"HandAntiseptic"meansantisepticproductsappliedto humanskin.(replacesthetermhandsanitizer)

"Hazard"meansabiologic,chemical,orphysicalpropertythatmaycause anunacceptableconsumerhealthrisk.

"Hermeticallysealedcontainer" meansacontainer that isdesigned andintendedtobesecureagainsttheentryofmicroorganismsand,inthecase

Definitions12

oflowacidcannedfoods,tomaintainthecommercialsterilityof itscontentsafterprocessing.

"Imminenthealthhazard"meansasignificantthreator dangertohealththatisconsideredtoexistwhenevidence issufficienttoshowthataproduct,practice,circumstance,oreventcreatesasituationthatrequiresimmediatecorrectionorcessationofoperationtopreventinjurybasedonthenumberofpotential injuries,andthenature,severity,anddurationoftheanticipated injury.

"Injected"meansmanipulating ameatsothatinfectiousortoxigenicmicrooganismsmaybeintroducedfromitssurfaceto itsinterior throughtenderizingwithdeeppenetrationor injectingthemeatsuchaswithjuiceswhichmaybereferredtoas"injecting,""pinning,"or"stitchpumping.

"Kitchenware"meansfoodpreparationandstorageutensils.

"Law"meansapplicablelocal,state,federal,orotherequivalentinternationalstatutes,regulations,andordinances.

"Linens"meansfabricitemssuchasclothhampers,clothnapkins,tablecloths,wipingcloths,andworkgarmentsincludingclothgloves.

"Meat"meansthefleshofanimalsusedasfoodincludingthedressedfleshofcattle,swine,sheep,orgoatsandotheredibleanimals,exceptfish,poultry,andwildgameanimals.

"Molluscanshellfish"meansanyediblespeciesoffreshorfrozenoysters,clams,mussels,andscallopsor edibleportionsthereof,exceptwhenthescallopproductconsistsonlyoftheshuckedadductor muscle.

"Packaged"meansbottled,canned,cartoned,securelybagged,or securelywrapped,whetherpackaged ina foodestablishmentorafoodprocessing plant.

"Packaged"doesnotincludeawrapper,carryoutbox,orother nondurablecontainerusedtocontainerizefoodtothefacilitatefoodprotectionduring serviceandreceiptofthefood bytheconsumer.

"Personincharge" meanstheindividual presentonavesselwhoisresponsibleforthefoodoperationatthetimeofinspectionsuchastheFoodandBeverageManager,FoodManager,orChef.

"Personalcareitems" meansitemsorsubstancesthatmaybepoisonous,toxic,orasourceofcontaminationand areusedtomaintainorenhancea person'shealth,hygiene,or appearance.

"Personalcareitems" includeitemssuchas medicinesfirstaidsuppliesandother itemssuchascosmetics,andtoiletriessuchastoothpasteand

Definitions 13

mouthwash.

"pH"meansthesymbolforthenegativelogarithmofthehydrogen ionconcentration,whichisameasureofthedegreeofacidityorbasicityofasolution.

Valuesbetween0and7indicate acidityandvaluesbetween7and14indicatealkalinity. Thevalueforpuredistilled wateris7,whichisconsideredneutral.

"Physicalfacilities"meansthestructureandinteriorsurfacesofavesselsfoodstorage,preparation andserviceareas,includingaccessoriessuchassoapand toweldispensers,andattachments,suchaslightfixturesand heatingorairconditioningsystemvents.

"Plumbingfixture"meansareceptacleordevicethat:

(a)Ispermanentlyortemporarilyconnectedtothewaterdistribution systemofthevesselanddemandsasupplyofwaterfromthesystemor

(b)Dischargesusedwater,wastematerials,orsewagedirectlyor indirectlytothedrainagesystemofthevessel.

"Plumbingsystem" meansthewatersupplyanddistributionpipes plumbingfixturesandtrapssoil,waste,andventpipessanitarysewer drainsandvesseldrains,includingtheirrespectiveconnections,devices,andappurtenanceswithinthevesselandwatertreatingequipment.

"Poisonousortoxicmaterials"meanssubstancesthatarenotintended for ingestionandareincluded in4categories:

(a)Cleanersandsanitizers,whichincludecleaningandsanitizingagentsandagentssuchascaustics,acids,dryingagents,polishes,andother chemicals

(b)Pesticidesexceptsanitizers,whichincludesubstancessuchasinsecticidesand rodenticides

(c)Substancesnecessaryfortheoperationandmaintenanceoftheestablishmentsuchasnonfoodgradelubricantsandpersonalcareitemsthatmaybedeleterioustohealthand

(d)Substancesthatarenotnecessaryfortheoperationandmaintenanceofthevesselandareonthevessel,suchaspetroleumproductsandpaints.

"Potentiallyhazardousfood"meansafood that isnaturalorsyntheticandthatrequirestemperaturecontrolbecause itisinaformcapableofsupporting:

Definitions14

(a)Therapidandprogressivegrowthofinfectiousortoxigenicmicroorganisms

(b)ThegrowthandtoxinproductionofClostridiumbotulinumor

(c)In rawshelleggs,thegrowthofSalmonellaEnteritidis.

"Potentiallyhazardousfood" includesananimalfood (afoodofanimalorigin)that israworheattreatedafoodof plantoriginthat isheattreatedorconsistsofrawseedsproutscutmelonsandgarlicandoilmixturesthatarenot acidifiedorotherwisemodifiedatafoodprocessingplantinawaythatresultsinmixturesthatdonotsupportgrowthasspecified under Subparagraph(a)ofthisdefinition.

"Potentiallyhazardousfood"doesnotinclude:

(a)Anaircooledhardboiledeggwithshellintact,orashellegg thatisnothardboiled,buthasbeentreatedtodestroyallviableSalmonellae

(b)Afoodwithanawvalueof0.85orless

(c)AfoodwithapHlevelof4.6 orbelowwhenmeasuredat24 C(75 F)

(d)Afoodinanunopenedhermeticallysealedcontainerthatiscommerciallyprocessedto achieveandmaintaincommercialsterilityunder conditionsofnonrefrigeratedstorageanddistributionand

(e)Afoodforwhichlaboratoryevidencedemonstratesthattherapidand progressivegrowthofinfectiousortoxigenicmicroorganismsorthegrowthofS.Enteritidisineggsor C.botulinumcan notoccur,suchasafoodthathasanawandapHabovethelevelsspecifiedunderSubparagraphs(b) and(c)ofthisdefinitionandthatmaycontainapreservative,other barrierto thegrowthofmicroorganisms,oracombinationofbarriersthatinhibitthegrowthofmicroorganisms.

(f)Afoodthat maycontainaninfectiousortoxigenicmicroorganismor chemicalorphysicalcontaminantatalevelsufficienttocauseillness,butthatdoesnotsupportthegrowthofmicroorganismsasspecifiedunder Subparagraph(a)ofthisdefinition.

Definitions 15

"Poultry" means:

(a)Anydomesticatedbirdsuchaschicken,turkey,duck,goose,orguinea,whetherliveordead,asdefinedin9CFR381PoultryProductsInspectionRegulationsand

(b)Anymigratorywaterfowl,gamebird,orsquabsuchaspheasant,partridge,quail,grouse,orguinea,whether liveordead,asdefinedin9CFR362VoluntaryPoultryInspectionProgram.

"Poultry"doesnotincluderatite.

"Primalcut" meansabasicmajorcutintowhichcarcassesandsidesofmeatareseparated,suchasabeefround,porkloin, lambflank,orvealbreast.

"Readilyaccessible"meansexposedorcapableofbeingexposedfor cleaningorinspectionwithouttheuse oftools.

"Readilyremovable"meanscapableof beingdetachedfromthemainunitwithouttheuseoftools.

"Readytoeatfood"meansfood inaformthatisediblewithoutwashing,cooking,oradditionalpreparationbythefood establishmentortheconsumerandthat isreasonablyexpectedto beconsumedinthatform.

"Readytoeatfood" includes:

(a)Potentiallyhazardousfoodthatisunpackagedandcookedtothe temperatureandtimerequiredfor thespecificfood

(b)Raw,washed,cutfruitsandvegetables

(c) Whole, rawfruitsandvegetablesthatarepresentedforconsumption withouttheneedforfurtherwashing,suchasatabuffetand

(d)Otherfoodpresentedforconsumptionfor whichfurtherwashingor cookingisnot requiredandfromwhichrinds,peels,husks,orshellsareremoved.

"Refuse"meanssolidwastenotcarriedbywaterthroughthesewagesystem.

"Regulatoryauthority" meansthelocal,state,orfederal orequivalentinternationalenforcementbodyor authorizedrepresentativehavingjurisdictionoverthefoodprocessing,transportation,warehousing,orother foodestablishment.

Definitions16

"Removable"meanscapableof beingdetachedfromthemainunitwiththeuseofsimpletoolssuchasascrewdriver, pliers,or anopenendwrench.

"Restricteduse pesticide"meansapesticideproductthatcontainsthe activeingredientsspecified in40CFR152.175Pesticidesclassifiedfor restricteduse,andthatislimitedtousebyor underthedirectsupervisionofacertifiedapplicator.

"Safematerial"means:

(a)Anarticlemanufacturedfromorcomposedofmaterialsthatmaynotreasonablybeexpectedtoresult,directlyor indirectly,intheirbecomingacomponentorotherwiseaffectingthecharacteristicsofanyfood

(b)Anadditivethat isusedasspecified in409or706oftheFederalFood,Drug,andCosmeticActor

(c)OthermaterialsthatarenotadditivesandthatareusedinconformitywithapplicableregulationsoftheFDA.

"Sanitization"meanstheapplicationofcumulativeheatorchemicalson cleanedfoodcontactsurfacesthat,whenevaluatedforefficacy,issufficienttoyieldareductionof5 logs,whichisequalto a99.999% reduction,ofrepresentativediseasemicroorganismsofpublichealthimportance.

"Sealed" meanshaving noopeningspresentthatwill permittheentryofsoilorseepageof liquids.

"Sealedseam"meansaseamthathasnoopeningsthatwouldpermittheentryofsoil or liquidseepage.

"Seam"meansanopenjuncturebetweentwomaterialsorequipmentcomponentsgreater than0.8mm(1/32inch) andlessthan3mm(1/8 inch).

"Sewage" meansliquidwastecontaininganimalorvegetablematterinsuspensionorsolutionandmayincludeliquidscontainingchemicalsinsolution.

"Shellfishcontrolauthority"meansastate,federal,foreign,tribal,or othergovernmententitylegallyresponsibleforadministeringaprogram thatincludescertificationofmolluscanshellfishharvestersanddealersfor interstatecommerce.

"Shellstock"meansraw,inshellmolluscanshellfish.

"Shuckedshellfish" meansmolluscanshellfishthathaveone orboth

Definitions 17

shellsremoved.

"Singleservicearticles"meanstableware,carryoututensils,andother itemssuchasbags,containers,placemats,stirrers,straws,toothpicks,andwrappersthataredesignedandconstructedforonetime,onepersonuse.

"Singleusearticles"meansutensilsandbulkfoodcontainersdesigned andconstructedtobeusedonceand discarded.

"Singleusearticles" includesitemssuchaswaxpaper,butcherpaper,plasticwrap,formedaluminumfoodcontainers,jars,plastictubsor buckets,breadwrappers,picklebarrels,ketchupbottles,andnumber10 canswhichdonotmeetthematerials,durability,strength,andcleanabilityspecifications.

"Slacking"meanstheprocessofmoderating thetemperatureofafoodsuchasallowingafood tograduallyincreasefromatemperatureof23 C(10 F)to4C(25 F) inpreparationfordeepfatfryingortofacilitateevenheatpenetrationduringthecooking ofpreviouslyblockfrozenfoodsuch asspinach.

"Smooth"means:

(a)Afoodcontactsurfacehavingasurfacefreeofpitsand inclusionswithacleanabilityequaltoorexceedingthatof(100grit) number3stainlesssteel

(b)Anonfoodcontactsurfaceofequipmenthavingasurfaceequaltothatofcommercialgradehotrolledsteel free ofvisiblescaleand

(c)Afloor,wall,orceilinghaving anevenor levelsurfacewithno roughnessor projectionsthatrendersitdifficulttoclean.

"Tablemountedequipment"meansequipmentthatisnotportableandisdesignedtobemountedofftheflooronatable,counter,orshelf.

"Tableware"meanseating,drinking,andserving utensilsfortableuse suchasflatwareincludingforks,knives,andspoonshollowwareincludingbowls,cups,servingdishes,and tumblersandplates.

"Temperaturemeasuringdeviceor TMD" meansathermometer,thermocouple,thermistor,orotherdevicethatindicatesthe temperatureoffood,air,orwaterand isnumericallyscaledinCelsiusandorFahrenheit.

"USDA" meanstheU.S.DepartmentofAgriculture.

"Utensil"meansafoodcontactimplementorcontainerusedinthe

Definitions18

storage, preparation,transportation,dispensing,sale,orserviceoffood,suchaskitchenwareortablewarethatismultiuse,singleservice,or singleuseglovesusedincontactwithfoodfoodtemperaturemeasuringdevicesand probetypepriceor identification tagsusedincontactwithfood.

"Warewashing"meansthecleaningandsanitizing ofutensilsandfoodcontactsurfacesofequipment.

"Wholemuscle,intact beef"meanswholemusclebeefthatisnotinjected,mechanicallytenderized,reconstructed,orscored andmarinated,from whichbeefsteaksmaybecut.

IntegratedPestManagement

"IntegratedPestManagement(IPM)"meansadocumentedorganized systemofcontrolling peststhroughacombinationofmethodsincluding inspection,baits,traps,effectivesanitationandmaintenanceandjudicioususeofchemicalcompounds.

ChildActivityCenters

"Childactivitycenter" meansfacilitiesforchildrelatedactivitieswherechildrenunder6yearsoldareplacedtobecaredforbyvesselstaff.

AdministrativeGuidelines

"Criticalitem"meansaprovisionoftheseguidelinesthat, ifinnoncompliance,ismorelikelythanotherdeficienciestocontributetofood orwatercontamination,illness,or environmental healthhazard.

"Criticalitem"isan itemthatisdenoted intheseguidelineswithaCto therightofthesectionnumberwhichisalsohighlighted inred.

"Variance"meansawrittendocumentissuedbytheVesselSanitationProgramthatauthorizesamodificationorwaiverofoneormorerequirementsoftheseguidelinesif,intheopinion oftheVesselSanitation Program,ahealthhazardornuisancewill notresultfromthemodification orwaiver.

OutbreakrelatedDefinitions

Acutegastroenteritis(AGE)meansanirritationandinflammationof thedigestivetractcharacterized bysuddenonsetofsymptomsofdiarrheaand/orvomiting,aswellasotherconstitutionalsymptoms.

Attackrate(1) meanstheproportionof individualswhoareexposed toan infectiousagentwhobecomesclinicallyill.(2) Thecumulative

Definitions 19

incidenceofinfection inagroupobserved overaperiodduringan epidemic.

Chemicaldisinfectant meansachemicalagentthatisappliedtoinanimateobjectstokillmicrobes.Chemicaldisinfectantsareclassifiedas"highlevel,""intermediatelevel,"and"lowlevel"accordingtotheir comparativelevelsofpotencyandtheir intendeduses.ChemicaldisinfectantsareregulatedeitherbyFDA(medical instrumentuses)ortheEnvironmentalProtectionAgencyEPA(environmentalsurface uses).Intendedusesanddirectionsforusearefoundbothonthe labelsoftheproductsand/or inpackageinserts.MaterialSafetyandDataSheets(MSDS)foreachproductareavailablefromthemanufacturer.

Chemicalsanitizermeansachemicalthat,whenappliedto asurface,reducesthenumberofmicrobestoa safe level.

Communicabledisease meansanillnessduetoaspecificinfectiousagentor itstoxicproductsthatarisesthrough transmissionofthatagentor itsproductsfromaninfectedperson,animalorinanimatereservoir toasusceptiblehosteitherdirectlyor indirectlythroughanintermediateplantoranimalhost,vectorortheinanimateenvironment.

Communicableperiodmeansthetimeduringwhichaninfectiousagentmaybetransferreddirectlyor indirectlyfromaninfectedpersonto anotherperson,fromaninfectedanimaltohumans,orfromaninfected persontoanimals,including arthropods

Contaminationmeansthepresenceofaninfectiousagentonabodysurface,inclothes, bedding,toys,surgical instrumentsordressings,or other inanimatearticlesorsubstancesincludingfoodandwater.

Date/Timeof onsetmeansthedate/timeonwhichthe firstsymptom appeared.

DiarrhealDiseasemeans3ormoreepisodesofloosestoolsina24hourperiodorofagreaterthannormal(fortheperson)amountofloosestools.

Disinfectant(seechemicaldisinfectant)

Disinfectionmeanstheprocessthatreducesthelevel ofmicrobialcontamination.Adisinfectantisachemicalor physical agentthatisappliedto inanimateobjectstokillmicrobes.Disinfectantperformanceistypicallynotdefinedintermsofaspecificpercentageor logreduction target,andunlikethesanitizersforfoodcontactsurfaces,productsthataretermeddisinfectantsareusuallynotintendedforuseinassociation withfoodcontactsurfaces.

Epidemic meanstheoccurrenceinacommunityorregionofcasesof

Definitions20

anillness,specifichealthbehavior,or otherhealthrelatedeventsclearlyinexcessofnormalexpectancy.

Epidemiccurvemeansagraphicplottingofthedistribution ofcasesbydate/timeofsymptomonset.

Fomites(singular,fomes)meansarticlesthatconveyinfection toothersbecausetheyhavebeencontaminatedbypathogenicorganisms.Examplesincludehandkerchief,drinking glass,doorhandle,clothing,and toys.

Fomitetransmissionmeansthetransmission ofpathogenicorganismsviainanimateobjects(seefomites)

Foodbornediseaseoutbreak(seefoodsafetydefinitionsection)

Gastrointestinalillnesscase(seereportablegastrointestinalillnesscase)

Hostmeansapersonorother livinganimal,includingbirdsandarthropods,thataffordssubsistenceor lodgmenttoaninfectiousagentundernaturalconditions.

Incubationperiodmeansthetimeintervalbetweeninvasionbyan infectiousagentandtheappearanceofthefirstsignorsymptomofthediseaseinquestion.

Indexcasemeansthefirstcaseinafamilyorotherdefinedgrouptocometotheattentionoftheinvestigator

Infectiousagentmeansanorganism(virus,rickettsia,bacteria,fungus,protozoan,orhelminth)thatiscapableofproducing infectionor infectiousdisease.

Quarantinemeansthelimitationofmovementofapparentlywellpersonswhohave beenexposedtoacaseof communicable(infectious) diseaseduring itsperiodofcommunicabilitytopreventdiseasetransmissionduringtheincubation period ifinfectionshouldoccur.

Reportablegastrointestinalillness case(VSPdefinition)meansacaseofgastrointestinal illnesswithoneofthe followingcharacteristics(1) diarrhea(threeormoreepisodesofloosestool ina24hourperiod),or(2) vomitingandoneadditionalsymptomincludingoneormoreepisodesof loosestool ina24hour period,or abdominal cramps,orheadache,or muscleaches,orfeverand(3)reportedtothemasterofthevessel,themedicalstafforother designatedstaffbypassengeroracrew member.

Sanitization(foodcontact surfacesonly)meanstheapplicationof cumulativeheatorchemicalsoncleanedfoodcontactsurfacesthat,when

Definitions 21

evaluatedforefficacy, issufficienttoyieldareductionof 5logs,whichisequaltoa99.999%reduction,ofrepresentativediseasemicroorganismsofpublichealthimportance.

Sanitization(nonfoodcontactsurfaces) meanstheperformancestandardusedbytheEnvironmentalProtectionAgency(EPA)forthesesanitizershasrequireda reductionofthetargetmicroorganismby99.9%or3logs(1000,1/1000,or103)after5minutesofcontacttime.

Sanitizer(seechemicalsanitizer).

Secondaryattackrate meanstheproportionofcasesofan infection thatoccuramongcontactswithintheincubationperiodfollowingexposuretotheprimarycaseinrelationtothetotalnumberofexposedcontactsthe denominator isrestrictedtosusceptiblecontactswhenthesecanbedetermined. Thesecondaryattackrate isameasureofcontagiousnessandisuseful inevaluatingcontrolmeasures.

Surveillance(CDC)meanstheongoing,systematiccollection,analysisandinterpretationofoutcomespecificdatausedinplanning,implementation,andevaluationofpublichealthpractice

Transmission(ofinfection)meansanymechanismbywhichaninfectiousagentisspreadfromasourceor reservoirtoanotherperson.Thesemechanismsaredefinedasfollows:

(1) Directtransmission(includespersontopersontransmission)Directandessentiallyimmediatetransferofinfectiousagentstoareceptiveportal ofentrythroughwhichhumanoranimal infection maytakeplace.

(2) IndirecttransmissionOccurswhenaninfectiousagentistransferred orcarried bysomeintermediateitem,organism,means,orprocesstoasusceptiblehost,resulting indisease.Includedareairborne,foodborne,waterborne,vehicleborne(e.g.,fomites)andvectorbornemodesoftransmission.

Vehiclemeansthemodeoftransmission ofan infectiousagentfrom itsreservoirtoasusceptiblehost.Thiscanbebyfood,water,and vectors,amongothers.

Waterborneoutbreak(USEPA) meansanoutbreakinvolving atleasttwopeoplethatexperienceasimilarillnessafter ingestingor usingwater intendedfordrinkingorafterbeingexposedtoorunintentionallyingesting or inhaling fresh ormarinewaterusedforrecreationalpurposesandepidemiologicalevidenceimplicatesthewaterasthesourceofillness. Asinglecaseofchemicalpoisoning oralaboratoryconfirmedcaseof primaryamebicmeningoencephalitisisconsideredanoutbreak.

Definitions22

4.0 GastrointestinalIllnessSurveillance

4.1 DataCollection 4.2 Notification 4.3 ClinicalSpecimens4.4 RequirementsforIsolatingSymptomaticandPrimaryContactsofCrewand

PassengerswithGastroenteritis

4.1 DataCollection

4.1.1 ReportableCases

4.1.1.1 Definition case definition 4.1.1.1.1 Areportablecaseofgastrointestinalillnessshallbe 02

definedas:

(1)Diarrhea(threeormoreepisodesof loosestoolsina 24hourperiod)or

(2)Vomitingand oneadditionalsymptomincludingone ormoreepisodesofloosestoolsina24hour period,or abdominalcramps,orheadache,ormuscleaches,or fever(temperatureof38C(100.4F))and

(3)Reportedtothemasterofthevessel,the medicalstaff, orotherdesignatedstaffbyapassengeroracrewmember.

(4)Nausea,although acommonsymptom ofgastrointestinalillness, isspecificallyexcludedfromthisdefinitiontoavoidmisclassifyingseasickness(nauseaandvomiting)asgastroenteritis.

onset time 4.1.1.1.2 Thereportablecasesshall includethosecrew members 02 withasymptomonsettimeofupto3daysbeforeboardingthevessel. Documentationofthe3dayassessmentforeachcrewmemberWITHSYMPTOMS shallbemaintainedonthevesselandbeavailablefor reviewduringinspections.

definition 4.1.1.1.3 Thesecasedefinitionsaretobeusedforidentifyingandpurpose classifyingcases,bothofwhicharedone for reporting

purposes.Theyshouldnotbeusedascriteriaforclinicalinterventionorpublichealthaction.Formanyconditionsofpublichealthimportance,actiontocontaindisease

Gastrointestinal Illness Surveillance 23

shouldbeinitiatedassoonasaproblemisidentifiedinmanycircumstances,appropriatepublichealthaction shouldbeundertakeneventhoughinsufficientinformationisavailabletodeterminewhether casesmeetthecasedefinition.

foreign quarantine regulations

4.1.1.1.4 Foreignquarantineregulationsrequiredeathandcertainillnessesofanarriving internationalpassengersorcrewmemberstobereportedtothequarantinestationhaving responsibilityfortheportofentry.Moreinformationcan beobtainedfrom:CentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention,NationalCenterforInfectiousDiseases,DivisionofGlobalMigrationandQuarantine,1600CliftonRoad,MSE03,Atlanta,GA30333USA,telephone(404) 4981600,fax(404)4981633.

4.1.2 Records

responsibility

4.1.2.14.1.2.1.1

Log Astandardizedgastrointestinal illnesssurveillancelogfor eachcruiseshallbemaintaineddailybythemasterofthe vessel,themedicalstaff,or otherdesignated staff.

02

cruise information 4.1.2.1.2 Thegastrointestinal illnesssurveillancelogshall listthenameofthevessel,thecruisedatesand thecruisenumber.

02

log contents 4.1.2.1.3 The logshall list: 02

(1)Allreportablecasesofgastrointestinal illness

(2)Allpassengersandcrew memberswhoaredispensedantidiarrhealmedication fromthemasterofthevessel,themedicalstaff,orotherdesignatedstaff.

log details 4.1.2.1.4 Thegastrointestinal illnesssurveillancelogentryfor eachpassengerorcrew membershallcontainthe following information:

02

(1) Thefirstdateofclinicvisitorreporttostaffofillness

(2) Thepersonsname,ageandgender

(3)Adesignationaspassengerorcrewmember

(4)Crew memberpositionorjobonthevessel,ifapplicable

24 Gastrointestinal Illness Surveillance

medicationssold 4.1.2.1.5 Antidiarrhealmedicationsshallnotbesoldor dispensed 02 ordispensed topassengersorcrewexceptbydesignated medical

staff. Ayes/no entryforantidiarrhealmedicationssoldor dispensedatmedicalwillberecordedonthegastrointestinalillnesssurveillancelogform.

4.1.2.2 Questionnaires

food/ 4.1.2.2.1 Questionnairesdetailingactivitiesandmeal locationsfor 02 beverage the72hoursbeforeillnessonsetshallbe distributedto allquestionnaire passengersandcrew memberswhoaregastrointestinal

illnesscases.Theselfadministered questionnairesshallcontainallofthedataelementsthatappear inthequestionnairefound inAnnex13.2.Thecompletedquestionnairesshallbemaintainedalongside the gastrointestinal illnesssurveillancelog.

4.1.2.3 Retention retention 4.1.2.3.1 Themedicallog,gastrointestinal illnesslogandthe72 02

hourselfadministeredquestionnairesshallbe maintainedonthevesselfor12months. Electronicrecordsofthesedocumentsareacceptableaslongasthedata arecompleteandcanberetrievedduringinspectionsandoutbreakinvestigations.Retentionofa paper recordorcrew medical logforcrewmemberswithsymptomsupto3dayspriortoboardingthevessel is

(5)Cabinnumber

(6)Mealseatinginformation

(7)Dateandtimeofillnessonset

(8)Illnesssymptoms,includingthe presence ofthe followingselectedsignsandsymptoms:numbersof episodeseachofdiarrheaandvomiting per day,bloodystools,fever,recordedtemperature,abdominalcramps,headachesandmuscleaches

(9)Notationonwhetheror notastoolspecimenwasrequestedandreceived

(10)Useofantidiarrhealmedicationand

(11) Thepresenceofunderlyingmedicalconditionswhichmayaffectinterpretationofacutegastrointestinalillnessforexamplediabeticdiarrhea,inflammatoryboweldisease,gastrectomy,orothers.

Gastrointestinal Illness Surveillance 25

acceptableandshallalsobemaintainedonthevesselfor 12months.

review 4.1.2.3.2 Thegastrointestinal illnesssurveillancelogandthe72 hourselfadministeredquestionnairesshallbe availableforreviewbytheVSPduringinspectionsandoutbreakinvestigations.ThesematerialsshallbetransmittedbyfacsimiletotheVSPforreviewinoutbreakinvestigations,asrequested.

02

4.1.2.4 Confidentiality privacy 4.1.2.4.1 Allpersonalmedical informationreceivedbyCDC

personnelshallbeprotected inaccordancewithapplicablefederal law,including5U.S.C.Section 552a.PrivacyAct Recordsmaintainedonindividualsandthe FreedomofInformationAct.5U.S.C.Section552.AdministrativeProcedurePublicinformationagencyrules,opinions,orders,records,andproceedings.

4.2 Notification

4.2.1 RoutineReport

4.2.1.1 RoutineReport Timing 24hourreport 4.2.1.1.1 Themaster,themedicalstaff,orother designatedstaff of

avesseldestinedforaU.S.portfromaforeignportshallsubmitatleastone standardized gastrointestinal illnessreportbasedonthenumberofreportablecasesinthegastrointestinal illnesslog totheVSPno lessthan24hours,butnotmorethan 36hoursbeforethe vesselsexpectedarrivalattheU.S.port.

01 C

4hourupdate report

4.2.1.1.2 Ifthenumberofcaseschangesaftersubmissionofthe initial report,an updatedreportshallbesubmittedno lessthan4hoursbeforethevesselsarrival atthe U.S.port.The4hourupdatereportshallbeacumulativetotalcountofthereportedcrewandpassengersduringthe entirecruise, includingthe additionalcases.

01 C

4.2.1.1.3 Routine(24hour)and4hour updatereportsmaybemadebytelephone,facsimile,or preferablyelectronically.ThevesselshallmaintainproofonboardthatthereportwassuccessfullyreceivedbytheVSP.

02

4.2.1.2 ReportContents contents 4.2.1.2.1 Thegastrointestinal illnessreportshallcontain: 01 C

26 Gastrointestinal Illness Surveillance

(1) Thenameofthevessel

(2) Theportsofembarkation anddisembarkation

(3)Thedatesofembarkationanddisembarkation

(4) Thetotalnumbersofreportablecasesofgastrointestinal illnessamongpassengersandcrewmembers,includingthosewhohavebeen disembarked orremovedbecause of illness,evenifthenumberis0 and

(5) Thetotalnumberofpassengersandcrew membersonthecruise.

cruise length 4.2.1.2.2 Forcruiseslastinglongerthan 15dayspriortoenteringaU.S.port,thegastrointestinalillnessreportmayincludeonlythose reportablecasesand totalnumbersof passengersandcrewmembersfor the15dayspriorto theexpectedarrivalataU.S.port.

4.2.2 SpecialReport

4.2.2.1 SpecialReport Timing 2% illnessrate 4.2.2.1.1 Themaster,ordesignatedcorporate representative,ofa 01 C

vesselwithaninternational itinerarydestinedforaU.S.portshallsubmitaspecialreportatanytimeduringacruise, includingbetweentwoU.S.ports,when:

(1) Thecumulativepercentageofreportablecasesenteredinthegastrointestinal illnesssurveillancelog,reaches2%amongpassengersor2%amongcrewandthevessel iswithin15daysofexpectedarrivalat aU.S.port.

dailyreport 4.2.2.1.2 Dailyreportsofillnessstatusshallbesubmittedas 01 C requestedbytheVSPfollowingthe initialsubmissionofaspecial report.

routine reporting 4.2.2.1.3 Routine24hoursbeforearrivaland4hoursbefore 01 C continues arrivalreportsshallcontinueto besubmittedbythe

master,ordesignatedcorporaterepresentative,ofavessel thathassubmittedaspecialreport.

4.2.2.2 SpecialNotification telephone report 4.2.2.2.1 AtelephonenotificationtotheVSPshallaccompanya 01 C

special 2%report.

Gastrointestinal Illness Surveillance 27

4.2.3 ReportRetention

4.2.3.1 Retention retention 4.2.3.1.1 The24hour,4hour,andspecial reportsshall be

maintainedonthevesselfor12months. 02

review 4.2.3.1.2 ThereportsshallbeavailableforreviewbytheVSP during inspectionsandoutbreakinvestigations.

02

4.3 ClinicalSpecimens

4.3.1 ClinicalSpecimenSubmission

specimen/ shipping containers

4.3.1.1 Themedicalstaffwillberesponsibleformaintaininga supplyofatleast10clinicalspecimencollectioncontainersforbothviral andbacterial agents(10for each),aswell asthepropershippingcontainersandlabelsforsameandprovided inAnnex13.4ofthismanual. SpecificinformationonvendorswheresuppliesmaybeorderedisprovidedintheVSPwebsite.

02

4.3.2 ClinicalSpecimenSubmissionCollection Procedures

when to collect 4.3.2.1 Whenavessel reaches2%reportablegastrointestinalillnessineither passengersorcrewmembers,themedicalstaffwillbegincollectingwholestool specimensforviralanalysis,unlessitisclearfromclinicaland epidemiologicaldatathatthecausativeagent isof bacterialorparasiticetiology.Iftheetiologicagentissuspectedtobebacterialand/orparasitic,themedicalstaffshouldconsultwithepidemiologystaffat theVSPfor clinicalspecimencollectionrequirements.

02

properpacking 4.3.2.2 Allclinicalspecimensshallbepackagedand shipped inaccordancewiththeguidelinesoutlinedinAnnex13.4andthespecificdetailsprovidedintheVSPwebsite.The specimenpackagingshall includetheproper documentationasrequiredbythereceiving laboratory.

02

Gastrointestinal Illness Surveillance 28

4.4 RequirementsforIsolatingSymptomaticandPrimaryContactsofCrewandPassengerswithGastroenteritis

4.4.1 Crew,Staff,OfficersandotherEmployees

isolate ill crew 4.4.1.1 a.Symptomaticandmeetingthecasedefinitionfor AcuteGastroenteritis(AGE):

11 C

i.FoodEmployees

Isolation incabinordesignatedrestrictedareauntilsymptomfreefor aminimumof48hours

Followupwithandapprovalbydesignatedmedicalpersonnelisrequiredbeforereturningcrewtoworkii.NonfoodEmployees:

Isolation incabinordesignated restrictedareauntilsymptomfreefor aminimumof24hours

Followupwithandapprovalbydesignated medicalpersonnelisrequiredbeforereturningcrewtowork.

cabin mates/ contacts

4.4.1.2 b.Asymptomaticcabinmatesor immediatecontactsof symptomaticcrew:

11 C

i. FoodandNonFoodEmployees:

Restrictexposuretosymptomaticcrew member(s)

Medical orsupervisorystaffshallconductaverbalinterviewwithasymptomaticcabinmatesandimmediate contactstoconfirmtheircondition,advisethemofthehygieneandhandwashingfacts,andto instructthemto reportimmediatelytomedical iftheydevelopillnesssymptoms

Medical orsupervisorystaffshallconductverbalinterviewsdailywith asymptomaticcrewuntil 48hoursafteronsetofthe illcrewmemberssymptomsbegan.

4.4.2 Passengers

isolate ill passengers

4.4.2.1 a.SymptomaticandmeetingthecasedefinitionforAGE:

Advisedtoremainisolated incabinuntilwell foraminimumof24hoursaftersymptomresolution

11 C

Gastrointestinal Illness Surveillance 29

Followupbyinfirmarypersonneladvised

Handwashingtipsandpersonalhygiene information sheetprovidedbyship.

Gastrointestinal Illness Surveillance 30

5.0 PotableWater

5.1 Source 5.2 BunkerandProductionHalogenation 5.3 PotableWaterSystem5.4 PotableWaterSystemHalogenation 5.5 PotableWaterSystemHalogenMonitoring 5.6 MicrobiologicMonitoring 5.7 WaterDistributionSystemProtection

5.1 Source

5.1.1 Bunkering

5.1.1.1 Standards safe source 5.1.1.1.1 Drinkingwaterbunkeredfromshoresuppliesshallbe 03 C

fromapotablesourcewhichmeetsWorldHealthOrganizationstandardsforpotablewater.

5.1.1.2 SampleReports water report 5.1.1.2.1 Whereavailable,thevesselshallhaveacopyofthe 06

mostrecentmicrobiologicreportfromeachportbeforebunkeringpotablewatertoverifythatthewatermeetspotablestandards. Arecentmicrobiologicalreportshallmeanareportwherethe dateoftheanalysisreportis30daysorlessfromthedate ofpotablewater bunkering,andthereportshouldincludean analysisfor Escherichiacoliataminimum.

onboard test 5.1.1.2.2 Watersamplescollectedandanalyzedbythevesselfor thepresenceofEscherichiacolimaybesubstitutedfor portwatersystemsuppliedreports.Thesesamplesshallbeanalyzedutilizingamethodaccepted inStandardMethodsfortheExaminationofWaterandWastewater. Ifavesselbunkerspotablewaterfromthesameportmorethanonceper monthonlyonetestper monthisrequired.

review 5.1.1.2.3 Theserecordsshallbemaintainedon thevesselfor12 06 monthsandshallbeavailabletotheVSPfor reviewduring inspections.

Potable Water 31

5.1.2 WaterProduction

5.1.2.1 Location polluted harbors 5.1.2.1.1 Areverseosmosis,distillationplantorotherprocess 03 C

thatsupplieswatertothevesselspotablewatersystem shallnotoperateinpollutedareas,harbors,orat anchor.

5.1.2.1.2 Areverseosmosisunitorevaporatorwithacompletely 03 separateplant/process,pipingsystem,andconnectionsfromthepotablewatersystem maybeusedtoproducetechnicalwaterwhileinpollutedareas,inport,orat anchor.

5.2 BunkerandProductionHalogenation

5.2.1 Procedures

5.2.1.1 ResidualHalogen halogen level 5.2.1.1.1 Potablewatershallbecontinuouslyhalogenatedtoat 03 C

least2.0mg/L(ppm)freeresidualhalogenatthetimeofbunkeringorproductionwithanautomatichalogenation device. Theamountofhalogeninjectedduringbunkeringorproductionshallbecontrolledbyaflowmeterorafreehalogen analyzer.

5.2.1.2 Monitoring

halogen pretest 5.2.1.2.1 AfreehalogenresidualandpHtestshallbeconducted 08 ontheshoresidewatersupplybeforestartingthebunkeringprocesstoestablishthecorrecthalogendosage. The resultsofthepretestshallberecordedandavailablefor reviewduring inspections.

hourlytest 5.2.1.2.2 Free residual halogenmonitoringshallbeperformedat 08 leasthourlyduringthebunkeringofpotablewaterandperformedatleastonceevery4hoursduringthe onboardproductionofpotablewater.

records 5.2.1.2.3 Accuraterecordsofthismonitoringshallbemaintained 08 aboardfor12monthsandshallbe availabletotheVSP forreviewduringinspections.

analyzerchart 5.2.1.2.4 Halogenanalyzerchartrecordersused inlieu ofmanual 06 recorders testsand logsshallbecalibratedatthebeginningof

bunkeringorproduction,andthecalibrationshallberecordedonthechartorina log book.

Potable Water32

construction 5.2.1.2.5 Halogenanalyzerchartrecordersusedon bunkerwater 06 systemsshallbeconstructedand installedinaccordancewithacceptedengineeringpractices.

data logger 5.2.1.2.6 Electronicdataloggerswithcertifieddatasecurityfeaturesmaybeusedinlieuofchartrecorders.

halogen sample 5.2.1.2.7 Watersamplesforhalogentestingshallbe obtained 08 fromasamplecocklocatedonthebunkeror productionwaterlineatleast3m(10feet)afterthehalogen injectionpoint andbeforethestoragetank.

tanksample 5.2.1.2.8 Bunkerwaterorproductionwaterhalogensamplesmayalsobetakenfrompotablewatertankswhichwerepreviouslyempty.

5.3 PotableWaterSystem

5.3.1 PotableWaterTanks

5.3.1.1 Protection potable water 5.3.1.1.1 Potablewatertanksshall notshareacommonwallwith 07 C tankwalls thehullofthevessel orwithtanksor pipingcontaining

nonpotablewaterorother liquids.

nonpotable 5.3.1.1.2 Pipingsystemscarryingsewageorothernonpotable 08 piping liquidsshallnotpassthrough potablewatertanks.

Minimizetheuseof nonpotablelinesabovepotablewatertanks.Nonpotablelinesabovepotablewater tanksshallnothaveanymechanicalcouplings.

coatings 5.3.1.1.3 Interiorcoatingsonpotablewatertanksshall be 08 approvedfor potablewatercontact,andallmanufacturersrecommendationsforapplication,drying,orcuringshallbefollowed. Writtendocumentationfor thecoatingusedandrecommendationsfollowedshallbeavailableforreviewduring inspections.

5.3.1.2 TankConstruction identification 5.3.1.2.1 Potablewatertanksshall be identifiedwitha number 08

andthewordsPOTABLEWATERinletters13mm (0.5 inch)high.

sample valves 5.3.1.2.2 Potablewatertanksshall havesamplevalveswhichare 08 turneddown.

vent/overflow 5.3.1.2.3 Thepotablewatertankorcombinedventand overflow 08

Potable Water 33

shallbeprotected fromcontamination.

level 5.3.1.2.4 Anydevicefor determiningthedepthofwater inthe 08 measurement potablewatertanksshallbeconstructedandmaintained

soastopreventcontaminatedsubstancesor liquidsfromenteringthetanks.

manual sounding 5.3.1.2.5 Manualsounding ofpotablewatertanksshall be 08 performedonlyinemergenciesandshallbeperformed inasanitarymanner.

5.3.2 PotableWaterPiping

5.3.2.1 Protection

identification 5.3.2.1.1 Paintorstripepotablewaterpiping andfittingsin 08 auxiliaryblue,or inaccordancewithISO14726,at5m (15feet) intervalsandoneachsideofpartitions,decks,andbulkheads,exceptwheredcorwouldbe marredbysuchmarkings.

protection 5.3.2.1.2 Potablewaterpipingshall notpassunderor through 07 C sewageorothertanksholdingnonpotableliquids.

bunker 5.3.2.1.3 Thepotablewaterbunkerfilling lineshallbegineither 08 connection horizontallyor inagooseneckpositionpointing

downwards,atapointatleast460mm (18inches) abovethebunkerstationdeck.

cap/keeperchain 5.3.2.1.4 Thepotablewaterfilling lineshallhaveascrewcapor 08 plugfastenedbyanoncorrodingchaintoanadjacentbulkheadorsurfaceinsuchamannerthatthecapor plugshallnottouchthedeckwhenhangingfree. Theconnectionsforthehoseattachmentsshall beunique andfitonlypotablewaterhoses.

identification 5.3.2.1.5 Eachbunkerstationpotablewaterfilling lineshallbe 08 paintedauxiliaryblue andclearlymarkedPOTABLEWATERFILLING inlettersatleast13mm(0.5inch) high,stampedonanoncorrosivelabelplateortheequivalentand locatedatornearthepointofhoseconnection.

nonpotable fresh 5.3.2.1.6 Nonpotablefreshwater,ifused onthevessel,shall be 08 water bunkeredthroughseparatepiping usingfittings

incompatibleforpotablewaterbunkering.

different piping 5.3.2.1.7 Nonpotablefreshwatershallflowthroughacompletely 08 differentpipingsystemandbeidentifiedwith adifferentcolor.

Potable Water34

5.3.3 PotableWaterHoses

5.3.3.1 Construction fittings

identification

5.3.3.1.1

5.3.3.1.2

Potablewaterhosesshall haveuniquefittingsfromallotherhosefittingsonthevessel.Potablewaterhosesshall be labeledforuse withthe

08

08 wordspotablewateronly inlettersat least13mm(0.5 inch)ateachconnectingend.

construction 5.3.3.1.3 Allhoses,fittings,waterfilters,and appurtencesused forconnectionwiththebunkering ofpotablewatershallbeconstructedofsafe,easilycleanablematerials.

08

good repair 5.3.3.1.4 Allhoses,fittings,waterfilters,and appurtencesused forconnectionwiththebunkering ofpotablewatershallbemaintainedingoodrepair.

08

lockerconstruction

5.3.3.1.5 Potablewaterhose lockersshallbeconstructedof smooth,nontoxic,corrosionresistant,easilycleanablematerial andshallbemaintainedingood repair.

08

lockeridentification

5.3.3.1.6 Potablewaterhose lockersshallbemarkedPOTABLEWATERHOSEANDFITTINGSTORAGEinlettersat

08

least13mm(0.5inch)high.

lockerheight 5.3.3.1.7 Thepotablewaterhoselockersshallbemountedat least460mm (18inches)abovethedeckandshall be selfdraining.

08

lockerclosed 5.3.3.1.8 The lockerdoorsshallbeclosedwhennotremoving hosesandequipment.

08

lockerrestriction 5.3.3.1.9 The lockershallnotbeusedforanyotherpurposethanstoringpotablewaterhoses,fittings,sanitizingbuckets, andotherassociatedequipment.

08

5.3.3.2 Handling limit use 5.3.3.2.1 Potablewaterhosesshall notbeusedforanyother 08

purpose.

handling 5.3.3.2.2 Allhoses,fittings,waterfilters,buckets,and appurtencesusedforconnectionwiththebunkeringofpotablewatershallbehandledandstored inasanitary

08

manner.

Potable Water 35

contamination 5.3.3.2.3 Potablewaterhosesshall behandledwithcareto 08 prevention preventcontaminationbydraggingendsontheground,

pier,ordecksurfaces, orbydroppingthehoseintothe harbor.

flush/drain 5.3.3.2.4 Potablewaterhosesshall beflushedbeforebeingused 08 andshallbe drainedaftereachuse.

storage 5.3.3.2.5 Potablewaterhosesshall bestowedrolled tightwiththe 08 endscapped,onreels,orracks,orwithendscoupled together inpotablewaterhoselockers.

5.3.4 PotableWaterSystemContamination

5.3.4.1 CleaningandDisinfection disinfecting 5.3.4.1.1 Potablewatertanksandanypartsofthepotablewater 07 C

distributionsystemshall becleaned,disinfected,and flushedwithpotablewater:

(1)Beforebeingplacedinserviceand

(2)Beforereturningtooperationafterrepair,replacementor

(3)Beingsubjectedtoanycontamination,includingentryintoapotablewatertank.

annual inspection 5.3.4.1.2 Potablewatertanksshall be inspected,cleaned,and 08 disinfectedduringdrydocksandwetdocks,orevery2years,whichever isless.

record retention 5.3.4.1.3 Documentationofthe inspection,maintenance, 08 cleaning,disinfection(toincludeconcentrationandcontacttimeofdisinfectant),and flushingshallbemaintainedfor 12monthsandshallbe availabletothe VSPforreviewduringinspections.

disinfection residual

5.3.4.1.4 Disinfectionfollowingpotentialcontamination shallbeaccomplishedbyincreasingfreeresidualhalogentoat

07 C

least50mg/L(ppm)throughouttheaffected areaandmaintaining thisconcentrationfor 4hours,or bywayofanotherprocedurerecognizedandacceptedbytheVSP.

Potable Water36

emergencies 5.3.4.1.5 Inanemergency,thiscontacttimemaybeshortenedto 1hour byincreasingfreeresidualhalogento atleast 200mg/L(ppm)throughouttheaffectedarea.

flush 5.3.4.1.6 Thedisinfectedpartsofthesystemshallbeflushedwith 08 potablewaterorotherwisedechlorinateduntilthefreeresidualhalogen is5.00mg/L(ppm).

alternative method

5.3.4.1.7 AnalternativepotablewatertankcleaninganddisinfectionprocedurewhichisONLYapprovedfor

08

routinecleaninganddisinfectionandis NOT approvedforknownorsuspectedcontaminatedtanksisasfollows:

(1) Remove(strip) allwaterfromthetank

(2) Cleanalltanksurfaces,includingfilling lines,etc. withanappropriatedetergent

(3) Thoroughlyrinsethesurfacesofthetankwithpotablewaterandstripthiswater

(4) Wetallsurfacesofthetankwithatleasta200ppm(mg/L)solution ofchlorine(thiscanbe doneusingnew,cleanmops,rollers,etc.)

(5) Ensurethatthetanksurfacesremainwetwiththechlorinesolutionforatleast2hours

(6) Refillthetankandverifythatthechlorine levelis5.0ppm(mg/L)beforeplacingthetankbackintoservice.

Potable Water 37

5.4 PotableWaterSystemHalogenation

5.4.1 HalogenationDevices

construction 5.4.1.1 ConstructionandInstallation 5.4.1.1.1 Alldistributionwatersystemhalogenation devicesshall

beconstructedand installedinaccordancewithrecommendedengineering practices.

06

5.4.1.2 Operation residual 5.4.1.2.1 Thehalogenationdeviceshallprovidecontinuous

halogenationofthepotablewaterdistribution system andshallmaintainafree residual halogenof0.2mg/L (ppm)and5.0mg/L(ppm)throughoutthedistribution system.

04 C

controlled 5.4.1.2.2 Theamountofhalogen injectedintothepotablewater systemshallbecontrolledbyafreehalogenanalyzer.

08

backup pump 5.4.1.2.3 Atleastonebackuphalogenpumpshallbe installed withanactiveautomaticswitchoverfeaturetomaintainthefreeresidualhalogenintheevent thattheprimarypumpfails,an increaseindemandoccurs,orthelowchlorinealarmsounds.

06

5.5 PotableWaterSystemHalogenMonitoring

5.5.1 HalogenAnalyzerChartRecorder

5.5.1.1 Installation distant point 5.5.1.1.1 Ahalogenanalyzerchartrecordershallbe installedata

distantpointinthepotablewaterdistributionsystem whereasignificantwaterflowexistsand representstheentiredistributionsystem.Incaseswheredualdistribution loopsexistandno pipesconnecttheloopsthereshall beananalyzerandchartrecorderforeachloop.

06

data logger 5.5.1.1.2 Electronicdataloggerswithcertifieddatasecurityfeaturesmaybeusedinlieuofchartrecorders.

Potable Water38

5.5.1.2 Operation maintenance 5.5.1.2.1 Thehalogenanalyzerchartrecordershallbeproperly 06

maintained,operated,andcalibrated/verified dailyinaccordancewiththemanufacturersinstructions. A manualcomparisontestshallbeconducteddailyto verifycalibration.Calibrationshallbemadewhenever themanualtestvalue is>0.2 ppmhigher or lowerthan theanalyzerreading.

calibration 5.5.1.2.2 Thedaily,manualcomparisontestorcalibrationshallbe 06 recordedeitherontherecorderchartorina logbook.

accuracy 5.5.1.2.3 Thefreeresidualhalogenmeasuredbythehalogen 05 C analyzershallbe0.2mg/L(ppm)ofthefreeresidualhalogenmeasuredbythemanualtest.

test kit 5.5.1.2.4 Thetestkitusedtocalibratethehalogenanalyzershall 06 begraduatedinincrementsnogreater than0.2mg/L (ppm)intherangeoffreeresidualhalogennormallymaintainedinthepotablewatersystem.

5.5.2 HalogenAnalyzerCharts

5.5.2.1 ChartDesign range 5.5.2.1.1 Halogenanalyzerchartrecorderchartsshall havea 06

rangeof0.0to5.0mg/L(ppm)andhavearecording periodof24hours.

data logger 5.5.2.1.2 Electronicdataloggerswithcertifieddatasecurity 06 featuresusedinlieuofchartrecordersshall produce recordsthatconformtotheprinciplesofoperationanddatadisplayrequiredoftheanalogcharts,includingprintingtherecords.

5.5.2.1.3 Electronicdataloggingshallbe inincrementsof15 06 minutes.

5.5.2.2 Operation charts 5.5.2.2.1 Halogenanalyzerchartrecorderchartsshall be 06

changed,initialed,anddateddaily.Chartsshallcontainnotationsofanyunusualwatereventsinthepotablewatersystem.

retention 5.5.2.2.2 Halogenanalyzerchartrecorderchartsshall beretained 06 forat least12monthsandshall beavailabletotheVSP forreviewduringinspections.

Potable Water 39

chart review 5.5.2.2.3 Recordsfromthehalogenanalyzerchartrecordershall 06 verifythefree residualhalogen of0.2mg/L(ppm)and5.0mg/L(ppm)inthewaterdistributionsystemforat least16hoursineach24hourperiodsincethelastinspectionofthevessel.

5.5.3 ManualHalogenMonitoring

5.5.3.1 EquipmentFailure every4 hours 5.5.3.1.1 Free residual halogenshallbemeasuredbya manual 06

testkitatthehalogenanalyzerat leastevery4hoursintheevent ofequipmentfailure.

recording 5.5.3.1.2 Manualreadingsshallbe recordedonachartor log, 06 shallberetainedforatleast12months,andshallbeavailabletotheVSPforreviewduring inspections.

limit 5.5.3.1.3 Repairsonmalfunctioninghalogenanalyzerchart 06 recordersshallbecompletedwithin10daysofequipmentfailure.

low level alarm 5.5.3.1.4 Provideanaudiblealarm inacontinuouslyoccupied 06 watchstation,ie:theenginecontrolroom,toindicatelowfreehalogen readingsatthedistantpoint(bridge) analyzer.

Potable Water40

5.6 MicrobiologicMonitoring

5.6.1 SamplingandAnalysis

5.6.1.1 Methodology samples 5.6.1.1.1 A minimumoffourpotablewatersamplesper month 06

shallbecollectedandanalyzedforthepresenceofEscherichiacoli.Samplesshallbecollectedfrom locationsforward, aft,upper,andlowerdecksofthe vessel. Samplesitesshallbechangedeach monthinorder toobtainagoodrepresentation ofthe potablewaterdistributionsystem.

analysis 5.6.1.1.2 Samplesshallbeanalyzed utilizingamethodaccepted 06 inStandardMethodsfortheExaminationof WaterandWastewater.

5.6.1.2 Records records 5.6.1.2.1 Sampleresultsshallbemaintainedonboardthevessel 06

forat least12months,andshall beavailabletotheVSP forreviewduringinspections.

5.7 WaterDistributionSystemProtection

5.7.1 CrossConnectionControl

5.7.1.1 Program cross 5.7.1.1.1 Thepotablewaterdistributionsystemshall be 07 C connections maintainedfreeofcrossconnectionswith nonpotable

pipingsystemsandtanks.

protection 5.7.1.1.2 Thepotablewatersystemshallbeprotectedagainst 07 C backfloworothercontaminationbybackflowpreventersorairgaps.

Potable Water 41

08 control/ program 5.7.1.1.3 Thevesselshallprovideacomprehensivecrossconnectioncontrol programthatprovidessafeconnectionstothepotablewatersystemthroughairgapsor appropriatebackflowdevicesatthefollowing locations, ifpresent:

(1)Potablewatersupplylinestoswimmingpools,whirlpoolspas, hottubs,bathtubs,showers,andsimilar facilities Inthecaseofapotablewatersupplytoapoolorwhirlpoolspamakeuptank,anoverflowlineatleasttwicethediameterofthe potablewatersupplyline andlocatedbelowthetanksupplyline,isanacceptableformofbackflowpreventionprovidedthatthereisan indirectconnectiontothewastewatersystem

(2)Photographiclaboratorydevelopingmachinesand utilitysinks

(3)Beautyandbarbershop sprayrinse hoses

(4)Potablewaterfaucetswherehosesareconnectedorcanbeconnectedbythreadedorquickconnectoutletssuch asthoseserving tankscontainingchlorine andotherchemicals,anddecktaps

(5)Garbagegrindersandpulpers

(6) Mechanicalwarewashingmachines

(7)Hospitalandlaundryequipment

(8)Airconditioning expansiontanks

(9)Boiler feedwatertanks

(10) Firesystems

(11) Toilets

(12)Potablewater,bilge,andsanitarypumpsthatrequirepriming

(13) Freshwaterorsaltwaterballastsystems

(14)Bilgeorotherwastewaterlocations

(15)Internationalshoreconnectionsfor fire/sprinkler,highsalineoverboarddischarge fromevaporators,or

Potable Water42

othersuchcrossconnectionsinvolving highpressurerequirereducedpressureassemblybackflowpreventiondevicesinstalledand

(16)Anyotherconnectionbetweenpotableandnonpotablewatersystems.

log 5.7.1.1.4 Acrossconnectioncontrolprogramshall includeata 08 minimum:acompletelisting ofcrossconnectionsandthebackflowpreventionmethod/deviceforeach,sothereisamatchtotheplumbingsystemcomponentandlocation,theprogramshallsetaschedulefor inspection frequency.Repeatdevicessuchastoiletscanbegroupedunderasingledevicetype,andairgapsshallbeincluded inthelisting.Alogdocumentingthe inspectionormaintenanceinwrittenorelectronicform shallbemaintainedandbeavailableforreviewduring inspections.

5.7.1.2 DeviceInstallation backflow 5.7.1.2.1 Backflowpreventersshallbeinstalledwhenairgapsare 08 preventers impracticalorwhenwaterunderpressureisrequired.

2Xdiameter 5.7.1.2.2 Airgapsshallbeat leasttwicethediameterofthe 08 deliveryfixtureopeningandaminimumof25mm (1inch).

floodlevel rim 5.7.1.2.3 Anatmosphericvacuumbreakershallbe installed at 08 least150mm (6inches)abovethefloodlevel rimofthe fixtures.

aftervalve 5.7.1.2.4 Anatmosphericvacuumbreakershallbe installed only 08 inthesupplylineonthedischargesideofthe lastcontrolvalve.

continuous 5.7.1.2.5 Acontinuouspressuretypebackflowpreventershallbe 08 pressure installedwhenavalveislocateddownstreamfromthe

backflowpreventer.

backflow 5.7.1.2.6 Backflowpreventersshallbeprovidedonallfixtures 08 preventers usingpotablewaterandwhichhavesubmergedinlets.

vacuumtoilets 5.7.1.2.7 Avacuumbreakershallbe installedon apotablewater 08 supplythat isconnectedtoavacuumtoiletsystem.Anatmosphericvacuumbreakershallbe locatedonthedischargesideofthelastcontrolvalve(flushingdevice).

Potable Water 43

diversion valves 5.7.1.2.8 Linestodivertpotablewatertoothersystemsbyvalves 08 or interchangeablepipefittingsshallhaveanairgapfollowingthevalve.

location 5.7.1.2.9 Backflowpreventersshallbelocatedsotheymaybe 08 inspected,serviced,andmaintained.

5.7.1.3 Air SupplyConnections airsupply 5.7.1.3.1 Theairsupplytoacompressedairsystem thatsupplies 08

pressuretobothnonpotableandpotablewater pneumatictanksshall bethrough apresson (manual) typeofairvalveorhose.

separate 5.7.1.3.2 Afixedconnectionofthisvalvemaybeused whenthecompressor airsupplyisfromaseparatecompressorused

exclusivelyforpressuretopotablepneumatictanks.

5.7.2 BackflowPreventerInspectionandTesting

5.7.2.1 Maintenance maintained 5.7.2.1.1 Backflowpreventersshallbemaintainedingoodrepair. 08

5.7.2.2 InspectionandService schedule 5.7.2.2.1 Backflowpreventiondevicesshouldbeperiodically 08

inspectedandanyfailedunitsshallbe replaced.

RPannually 5.7.2.2.2 Backflowpreventiondevicesrequiringtesting,for 08 examplereducedpressurebackflowpreventeranddoublecheckvalveswithtestcocks,shall be inspected andtestedwithatestkitatleastannually.Testresultsshowingthepressuredifferencesonbothsidesofthevalvesshallbemaintainedforeachdevice.

records 5.7.2.2.3 The inspectionandtestresultsforbackflowpreventers 08 shallberetainedforatleast12monthsandshallbeavailabletotheVSPforreviewduring inspections.

Potable Water44

6.0 SwimmingPoolsandWhirlpoolSpas

6.1 FlowThroughSeawaterSwimmingPools6.2 RecirculatingSwimmingPools6.3 WhirlpoolSpas 6.4 Safety

6.1 FlowThroughSeawaterSwimmingPools

6.1.1 Operation

6.1.1.1 AtSea 12 miles 6.1.1.1.1 Flowthroughseawatersupplysystemsforswimming 10

poolsshallbeusedonlywhilethevessel isunderwayand atseabeyond20kilometers(12miles)fromnearestland.

6.1.1.2 In Port drained 6.1.1.2.1 Thepool(wheninflowthruseawatermodeonly) shallbe 10

drainedbeforethevesselreachesport,anditshall remainemptywhileinport.

switched to 6.1.1.2.2 Ifthepoolisnotdrainedbeforearriving inport,thepools 10 recirculation seawaterfillingsystemshallbeshutoff20kilometers(