TIM DOSEN MK BIOTEKNOLOGIFAKULTAS PERTANIAN - UB
2013
KULTUR JARINGAN KULTUR JARINGAN TANAMANTANAMAN
TWO MAJOR AREAS OF PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY
Plant Tissue CultureA Requirement for Transgenic Development
A plant part Is cultured
Callusgrows
Shootsdevelop Shoots are rooted;
plant grows to maturity
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What Is plant tissue culture?What Is plant tissue culture?
HISTORY
What conditions do plant cells need to What conditions do plant cells need to multiply in vitro?multiply in vitro?
TISSUE CULTURE APPLICATIONSTISSUE CULTURE APPLICATIONS
TYPES OF TISSUE CULTURE
THREE FUNDAMENTAL ABILITIES OF PLANTS
• Cultured tissue must contain competent cells (cc) or cells capable of regaining competence (dedifferentiation). – e.g. an excised piece of differentiated tissue or
organ (Explant) → dedifferentiation → callus (heterogenous) →redifferentiation (whole plant) = cellular totipotency.
• Tanaman adalah organisme multiseluler yang kompleks dengan organ-organ yang mempunyai fungsi berbeda.
• Kemajuan ilmu pengetahuan memungkinkan, organisme multiseluler yang kompleks tersebut dikembalikan pada ground state pada level sel-sel dengan potensi genetik yang sama.
• Sel-sel yang tidak terorganisir tersebut dapat dimanipulasi.
• Apabila diperlukan, sel-sel tersebut diatur kembali menjadi tanaman yang lengkap melalui manipulasi lingkungan tumbuhnya.
BASIS FOR PLANT TISSUE CULTURE
Explants Callus
Protoplasts Development Suspension cells
Organs (leaves, roots, shoots, flowers,...)
De-differentiation Re-differentiation
1. Meristems 2. Leaf sections 3. Bulb sections 4. Embryos 5. Anthers 6. Nucellus
Callus formation
What is required?
EXPLANTS• A SMALL PIECE OF THE DESIRABLE PLANT
IS SELECTED.
• GENERALLY MERISTEMATIC TISSUE OR INTERNODAL SEGMENTS OF THE PLANT IS SELECTED FOR MICROPROPAGATION.
• THE SELECTED PLANT TISSUE IS CALLED AS EXPLANT.
EX-PLANT SOURCE
CULTURE MEDIUM
• THE TISSUE SO COLLECTED IS PLACED IN A CULTURE MEDIUM / NUTRIENT MEDIUM FOR THE MULTIPLICATION OF CELLS.
NUTRIENT MEDIA FOR PLANT TISSUE CULTURES
Functions of medium
MACROELEMENTS
MICROELEMENTS
FUNCTION OF NUTRIENTS IN PLANT GROWTH
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Other Compounds
SUPPORT SYSTEMS
Media Formulations
3. PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS (Body building Plants)
Plant growth regulators used in plant tissue culture media
Normal concentration range is 10-7 ~ 10-5M
Morphogenetic response of thin cell layers explants of tobacco
TERIMA KASIH
TUGAS PER KELOMPOK
• 1. Pilih salah satu TOPIK (lihat di tipe-tipe Kuljar)• 2. Dibuat Makalah• 3. Format :• 4. Pustaka minimal 5 buah• 5. Dibuat PPT-nya dan digabungkan semua
kelompok dalam 1 (satu) CD• 6. Dikumpulkam pada minggu ke-3• 7. Di presentasikan mulai minggu ke-4
Format makalah• 1. Pendahuluan
– Latar Belakang– Tujuan (sesuai topik masing-masing)
• 2. Metodologi– Jenis Eksplan– Sterilisasi (teknik dan bahan sterilant) – Media– ZPT– SubKultur
• 3. Kesimpulan• 4. Daftar Pustaka
• Diketik di kertas A4• Spasi 1,15• Huruf Tahoma 10
Format makalah