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BIOREACTOR CONSIDERATIONS FOR
SUSPENSION, IMMOBILIZED,ANIMAL AND PLANT CELL
CULTURES
ERT 314 BIOREACTOR SYSTEM
Dr. Saleha Shamsudin
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Course Contents
Differences between batch and continuous system basedon productivity, modifications for batch and continuous
bioreactor, simple bioreactor design for immobilizedcell systems, animal and plant cell cultures, solid statefermentation process.
Chapter 9Bioprocess Engineering Basic Concepts
Michael L. Shuler/Fikret KargiPrentice Hall International Series in the Physical and
Chemical Engineering Sciences
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INTRODUCTION
The choice of reactor will determined:
Product concentrations and purity Degree of substrate conversion/yield Whether sustainable/reliable performance
The bioreactor consideration must be made in thecontext of the total process:
Biocatalyst Reactor Separation Purification
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Choosing the cultivation method(batch or continuous)
-based on productivity-Production of cell mass or primary products
FOUR CHARACTERISTIC PHASES OF THE GROWTH CYCLE
1. Lag Phase adaptation of the cells to the new environment
minimal increase in cell density
2. Exponential (log) Growth Phase
cells are dividing regularly
cells divide at a constant rate
3. (Harvesting) Stationary Phase cells stopped growing and dividing
production of secondary metabolites
4. (Preparation for new batch) Death Phase (Cleaning, sterilizing,filling)
viable cell population declines
viable cells decreases geometrically
BATCH
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1t Sum of times required for the lag phase, harvesting and
preparation (vary with size and nature of fermentation) 3 to 10 h
ct
Total time to complete a batch cycle
10
ln1
tX
Xt
m
m
c
mX
0X
The maximal attainable cell concentration
The cell concentration at inoculation
00 SYXX
SXm Total amount of mass cell =
10
0
ln1 tXX
SYr
mm
SX
b
The rate of cell mass
production in one batch
cycle,
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Based on productivity, most of commercialbioprocesses are batch system. Why?
*Applied to growth associated product
*Genetic instability
*Operability and reliability
*Market economics
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Operated by supplying an essential growth-limiting nutrient at a constant rate with the
result that the culture density and growth rateadjust themselves to the supply.
Chemostat
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Operated by maintaining a constant cell densityby supplying fresh medium as required.
It possesses a photocell system whichcontinuously monitors the cell density andmaintains this constant by controlling themedium inlet flowrate.
Turbidostat