KOTAN UTUNNAI

Prepared by:Bernadette C. Abarcar

MaEngEd Jeffry A. Gilbuena

MaEngEd

はじめに

日本文学

Contentso Facts About JapanoBackground of Ainu peopleoHistorical Back ground

Kotan Utunnai oElements of Fiction oLiterary MeritsoReferences

FACTS ABOUT JAPANNippon -- “Land of the Rising Sun”

FACTS ABOUT JAPAN

Japan known now as a developed country, which is famous because of its inventions, companies and arts. Here we are going to reveal some Japanese cultures, and some of their heritage that have a great effect on their culture.

Japanese Literature is one of the major bodies of Oriental Literature. It is less voluminous than Chinese Literature but comparable to Arabic, Persian and Indian Literature. It covers the period from the fifth century A.D to the present.

JAPANESE LITERATURE

Poems and odes to the Gods were composed in the early Japanese Language before the art of writing was known in Japan. Only fragments of this Literature have survived, but these are thought to have been extensive. During the first centuries of writing in Japan, the spoken language and written language were identical.

JAPANESE LITERATURE

JAPANESE LITERATURE

In written form from at least the 8th century AD to the present. One of the oldest and richest national literatures. Since the late 1800s, Japanese writings have become increasingly familiar abroad. Genres such as haiku verse, nō drama, and the Japanese novel have had a substantial impact on literature in many parts of the world.

• Nara Period include Kojiki (712: a partly mythological, partly accurate history of Japan)•Nihonshoki (720: a chronicle with a slightly more solid foundation in historical records than the Kojiki), and Man'yōshū (759: a poetry anthology). • The language used in the works of this period differs significantly from later periods in both its grammar and phonology. Even in this early era, significant dialectal differences within Japanese are apparent.

Japanese Ancient Literature (pre-8th Century)

Japanese Writings

AINU PEOPLE

historically residents of parts of Hokkaido (the Northern island of Japan) the Kuril Islands, and Sakhalin

the remnants of a Stone Age Asiatic people who lived in Japan until the islands were invaded by Mongoloid people

AINU PEOPLE had no system of writing, no political

organization beyond their small village, no domesticated farm animals or system of agriculture, and no bronze, or iron metal work of their own

Their life was unaffected by civilization until the Japanese took over

1920s and 1930s they tried to record the Ainu tradition 

AINU PEOPLE (1940),Ainu adults spoke both Japanese and

their native language, but Ainu children spoke only Japanese

(1955), fewer than 20 Ainu in all of Hokkaido could speak their native language fluently

Ainu people tend to have light skin, a stout frame, deep-set eyes with a European shape, and thick, wavy hair

Full-blooded Ainu may have even had blue eyes or brown hair

BACKGROUND KOTAN UTUNNAI

Recorded by John Batchelor (English Missionary) between 1880-1888

the dialect is apparently that of the Saru Ainu

The epic was recorded as it was sung in the form of a first person narrative

The epic was delivered to the Asiatic Society of Japan on December 4, 1889

BACKGROUND KOTAN UTUNNAI

The original text and Batchelor's English prose translation were published in April, 1890, in vol. 18, part 1 of the Transactions of the Asiatic Society of Japan

BACKGROUND KOTAN UTUNNAI

The main interest of the story lies in the hero's battles against a whole series of enemies:

(1) the Pestilence Deities (Pa-kor-kamui); (2) the six warriors of Kanepet, six warriors of

Shirarpet, and Etu-rachichi, and the twelve "younger sisters" of the warriors of Kanepet and Shirarpet;

BACKGROUND KOTAN UTUNNAI

(3) Shipish-unkur (The younger sister of Shipish-un-kur casts her lot in with the hero and becomes his wife at the conclusion of the epic);

(4) the man and woman living at Terke-santa, Hopuni-santa;

BACKGROUND KOTAN UTUNNAI

(5) the inhabitants of the land of Chirinnai ; (6) the kuruise, a horde of fabulous insect-like

monsters; (7) the "bad weather demon" {shiri wen nitne)

and his younger sister.

Elements of Fiction

はじめに

日本文学

CHARACTERS

Nameless Narrator: main character Older Sister: she saves and rears the

narrator  Kamui-otopush: narrator's older brother  Dangling Nose: evil Repunkur warrior  Shipish-un-kur: heroic ruler of Shipish 

CHARACTERS

Shipish-un-mat: heroic sister of Shipish-un-kur; ally of narrator 

Note:Repunkur are people of the sea.Okhotsk are people who lived on the northern

coast of Hokkaido.Yaunkur are people of the land.*all major characters are members of nobility.

SETTINGS

Northern coast of Hokkiado Shinutapka-homeland of the epic hero Island of Karapto Shipish Between 10th and 16th century when Yaunkur

(people of the land defeated the Okhotsk (the Repunkur) in a series of wars.

SETTINGS

This map is a copy held at theHokkaido University Library. Genroku kuniezu[Genrokuprovincial map]. Courtesy of the Resource Collection forNorthern Studies, Hokkaido University Library.

PLOT

Chapter 1Two clans Yaunkur-people of the land Repunkur- people of the sea Narrator(the hero) is a Yaunkur but was raised

by a Repunkur whom he calls Older Sister

PLOT

Chapter 1-part 2 After learning about the death of his parents the

Hero sets out on a journey. He saves his brother from a famous Reunkur

Warrior, Dangling Nose.

PLOT

PLOT

Chapter 2 Dangling Nose has revealed that the Hero’s

brother was to be received by the Shipish King as a trophy.

The Hero challenges the King, and uses the King’s sister as a MeatShield.

In the battle between the Shipish King, the Hero’s Older Sister fails and is sent to be reborn

PLOT

PLOT

The Beautiful End Older Sister is reborn and reunited with the

Hero Older Brother marries Older sister The Hero marries Shipish-Un-Mat, the Shipish

King’s sister Everyone leaves happily ever after

MOTIFS

Surprise Magic Mystery Wars Battles Death Separation of the soul to human body

SYMBOL

Sword--regaining of peace

Mountains—(abode of Gods) shows that Gods and Human are different creators.

Rumbling sound—Although we cannot see God, we are sure that they are always there.

Dagger--wrath

Armor—protection from danger

MOVEMENT

Classicism The use of first person narrative Strives for balance – Complete in Nature To value intellect

>Men and women are equal since they have both great power and skills

To value edification >Encourages society to do good things.>Telling the truth is always better than lying.

MOVEMENT

Practice decorum Even if the hero belongs to the enemies of the

Older sister, she still took care of him. Defending the weak. Repaying good things done to you.

To search for the universal Everyone needs to prove his worth through

acquiring fame and excellence. Love for family will always win over fame,

excellence or trophy.

THEMES

Knowing your strengths and limitations will help you succeed.

Acceptance of destiny. Defend the weak. Brotherly love. Love for family.

THEMES

Love for country men. Great beauty is nothing without courage,

strength and skill. Do good and good things will happen to you,

too. Think before you act.

LANGUAGE

Saru Ainu language Use of simile Use of native idiomatic expression Batchelor's translation is rather like a prose

paraphrase, and some troublesome details have been omitted or re-phrased

EPIC CONVENTIONS:

Serious Purpose (Avenge the death of the hero’s parents)Setting is in the distant past (10th century-16th century)Heroic and Supernatural Characters (involvement of gods and divine creatures)Composed of a Prologue, Body and Epilogue.

EPIC CONVENTIONS:

Contains Heroic Boastings“after that I said:—"Look here, Shipish man, what sort of bravery did you say you had? Repeat what you said before, for I desire to hear. Why was the good Curly-head taken and tied up to the great pine tree? It was to avenge him that I fought against the people of Kanepet and Shirarapet as well as against the Eturachichi, of Pon moshiri. Now, as this war is raging, I have come to test the bravery of the Shipish men. I will hear no words of peace, even if you speak them. We must measure our swords, for even if we kill one another, we shall be better off after death. Now, come, do your very best against me."

EPIC CONVENTIONS:

Contains Heroic Boastings“after that I said:—"Look here, Shipish man, what sort of bravery did you say you had? Repeat what you said before, for I desire to hear. Why was the good Curly-head taken and tied up to the great pine tree? It was to avenge him that I fought against the people of Kanepet and Shirarapet as well as against the Eturachichi, of Pon moshiri. Now, as this war is raging, I have come to test the bravery of the Shipish men. I will hear no words of peace, even if you speak them. We must measure our swords, for even if we kill one another, we shall be better off after death. Now, come, do your very best against me."

EPIC CONVENTIONS:

Contains of Simile“After this we flew about to and fro in the roof of the house like birds; till at last this brave lord, having evident wrath upon his face, spake in an angry and scolding manner and said:—"As you, my bad younger sister, prophesied in order to discourage me I will first slay you, you evil creature!“

“Let me down, for though I am as worthless as an old mat, I desire to join you and will help you in the fight."

LITERARY MERITS

Intellectual ValueMen and women are equal since they have both great power and skills.The hero is a human being, but he possesses godlike qualities that even those who are supposed to be Gods are not certain that he is human

LITERARY MERITS

Spiritual Value They accept death as integral part of life, and they know that those who lead good lives will be reborn after death; those who do not will remain dead

Emotional ValueAfter hearing the death of his parents, the hero’s heart overflowed with rage, and he still forced himself to be polite to his older sister but he still avenge the death of his parents.

LITERARY MERITS

Permanence and Universality Great beauty is nothing without courage,

strength and skill. ( We always say that beauty lies within, thus outside beauty will always be accompanied by inside beauty)

Do good and good things will happen to you, too.(If you do good things, someone will repay it.)

LITERARY MERITS

Think before you act. (When the Hero heard about the death of his brother he controlled himself in killing his older sister who belonged to the Yaunkur, an enemy.)

Love for family will always be stronger than love for fame and excellence.

Equality.(That even if the Hero and the Older Sister came from the different race or group they still treat each other well)

REFERENCES:

https://www.google.com.ph/search?q=kotan+utunnai&rlzhttps://www.google.com.ph/search?q=kotan+utunnai&rlz=1C1AVNE_enPH704PH705&espvhttp://www.sacred-texts.com/shi/safl/safl09.htmhttps://prezi.com/k-txw73uyn1n/copy-of-kotan-utunnai/http://bookzz.org/s/?q=ainu+mythology%2Bkotan+utunnai&yearFrom=&yearTo=&language=&extension=&t=0http://www.asdk12.org/staff/walton_janel/pages/Walton_World/Mythology/Entries/2014/2/26_Chinese_&_Japanese_Mythology_files/kotan_utunnai_japanesse_myth.pdf

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