EDUCATION IN PAKISTANPROBLEM, ISSUES & TRENDS

ASSIGNED BY: RABIA KAZIDR. AMJAD ALI ARAIN ROLLNO:M/EDU/2K16/32

M.PHIL SCHOLAR UNIVERSITY OF SINDH

UNIVERSITY OF SINDH JAMSHOROFACULTY OF EDUCATION

IGOS & NGOS Donor agencies

OUT LINE•Definitions•Purposes• Types•Projects •Problem & Issues

Intergovernmental Organization (IGO) The term intergovernmental organization (IGO) refers to an entity created by treaty, involving two or more nations, to work in good faith, on issues of common interest.The Delian League (478–404 BC, and subsequently from 378–338 BC), an alliance of Greek city-states, may be considered the first example of an IGO.the Congress of Vienna of 1815 may be regarded as the actual birth of international organizations.

Non-governmental organization (NGO) A non-governmental organization (NGO) is any non-profit, voluntary citizens' group which is organized on a local, national or international level.The Red Cross: The World’s HelperFounded by 16 nations in 1863, the International Red Cross is the first NGO

WHY IGOS & NGOS??

IGOSoProvide a forum for discussion.oCreate a mechanism for the world’s inhabitants to work more on peace and securityoTo deal with economic and social questions. oHelp to facilitate issue linkages, which may facilitate cooperation.oHelp allow states to take a long-term perspectiveoLends an air of impartiality that enhances their effectiveness.

NGOS

Provide services that fill gaps left by the private and public sectors. Usually to further the political or social goals of their members.Include improving the state of the natural environment Encouraging the observance of human rightsImproving the welfare of the disadvantaged.

TYPES

IGOS

THE UNITED NATIONS(UN) 1945

the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)

The Organizatio

n Of Petroleum Exporting Countries

(OPEC)

Young Women's Christian

Association (YWCA)

European Union (EU)The World Trade

Organization (WTO)

NGOSOrientatio

n• Charitable oriented NGOs• Service Oriented NGOs• Participatory Oriented NGOs• Empowerment Oriented NGOs

Operation levels

• Communal based NGOs• City Wide NGOs• Nation wide NGOs• International NGOs

PROJECTS & PROGRAM

WORLD BANK

IMF

12,538 projects in  173  countries

PROBLEMS AND ISSUES

Corruption : the employees who work in NGOs make false bills

Provide poor quality to beneficiaries

Government also create hurdles for NGOs, specially working for women rights has

become a challenge.

Some people manipulate in the name of NGOs just to make their black money into white

money and also for not paying tax.

REFERENCES • http://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/education/projects/all• http://www.intergovernmentalorganizations.org/whatis.asp• https://www.academia.edu/731302/The_International_Organization.

_How_NGOs_and_IGOs_Affect_the_International_System

THANK YOU FOR YOUR TIME !