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Case Discussion Ext.Patid Tanaboriboon

Orthokorat scaphoid fx c perilunate dislocation

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Page 1: Orthokorat scaphoid fx c perilunate dislocation

Case DiscussionExt.Patid Tanaboriboon

Page 2: Orthokorat scaphoid fx c perilunate dislocation

Case

• ผู้ป่วยชายไทย อายุ 23 ปี

• ภูมิลำเนา จังหวัดนครราชสีมา

• อาชีพ รับจ้างก่อสร้าง

Page 3: Orthokorat scaphoid fx c perilunate dislocation

ปวดข้อมือซ้าย 1 ชั่วโมงก่อนมาโรงพยาบาล

Page 4: Orthokorat scaphoid fx c perilunate dislocation

Present illness

• 1 ชั่วโมง ผู้ป่วยขี่ MC ชน MC มือซ้ายลงกระแทกพื้น มีอาการปวดที่ข้อมือซ้ายทันที ขยับข้อมือไม่ได้ บวมข้อมือซ้าย ไม่มีรอยฟกช้ำ มือไม่ผิดรูป ไม่ชา ไม่มีอาการปวดบริเวณอื่นๆของร่างกาย ศีรษะไม่กระแทกพื้น ไม่สลบ จำเหตุการณ์ได้ เจ้านายนำส่งรพ.

Page 5: Orthokorat scaphoid fx c perilunate dislocation

Primary survey• A : Can speak, C-spine not tender, full ROM

• B : Equal breath sound both lungs, CCT -negative

• C : BP 130/80 mmHg, PR 102 bpm no active external hemorrhage

• D : E4V5M6, Pupils 3 mm RTLBE

• E : Lt.wrist tenderness, marked swelling at dorsum of left hand, no wound, no ecchymosis, no deformity, 2+distal pulse, normal sensation

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Secondary survey• A : No drugs & food allergy

• M : No current medication

• P : Unknown underlying disease

• L : 15.00pm at that day

• E : MC ชน MC

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Physical examination• GA : A Thai man good consciousness

• HEENT : not pale conjunctivae, anicteric sclerae

• RS : clear, equal breath sound

• CVS : full, regular pulse, normal S1S2

• Abdomen : soft, not tender, no guarding

Page 8: Orthokorat scaphoid fx c perilunate dislocation

Physical examination

• Lt.wrist tenderness, marked swelling at dorsum of left hand, no wound, no deformity, no ecchymosis, 2+distal pulse, limit ROM due to pain, normal sensation

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Page 10: Orthokorat scaphoid fx c perilunate dislocation
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Diagnosis

• Scaphoid fracture with perilunate dislocation left hand

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Scaphoid fracture

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Anatomy

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Anatomy

• Major Blood supply-Dorsal carpal branch(Radial a)

• Minor Blood supply-Superficial palmar branch (Radial a)

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Scaphoid Fx

• Most frequently fractured carpal bone - 75% of carpal bone fracture - 15% of acute wrist injuries

• Common in young adults

• Hyperextension injury ( Fall onto an outstretched hand)

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Physical examination

• Anatomic snuffbox tenderness Pain may be severe when move thumb or wrist to pinch or grasp something

• Scaphoid tubercle tenderness

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Imaging

• X-Ray-PA, Lateral-Radial oblique-Scaphoid view

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Imaging

• CT scan

• MRI

• Bone scan

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Classification• Herbert and Fisher

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Non-surgical treatment • Stable fracture

-Occult, incomplete or nondisplaced -Normal x-ray but high level of suspicion (immobilize and reevaluate in 14-21wk)-Short arm with thumb spica cast

Distal waist : 2-3 m Mid waist : 3-4 m Proximal waist : 4-5 m

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Surgical treatment• Unstable fracture

indications- proximal pole fractures - displacement fracture > 1 mm - humpback deformity - scaphoid fractures associated with perilunate dislocation- comminuted fractures - unstable vertical or oblique fractures

• ORIF / Percutaneous screw fixation

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Complication

• Non-union

• Osteonecrosis

• Osteoarthritis

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Perilunate dislocation

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• High energy injury with poor functional outcomes

• Commonly missed (25%)

• Mechanism- traumatic, high energy - occurs when wrist extended and ulnar deviated

• Presentation- acute wrist swelling and pain - median nerve symptoms (~25%)

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Page 28: Orthokorat scaphoid fx c perilunate dislocation

Gilula 3 carpal arcDistal radius Lunate Capitate 3rd metacarpal bone

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AP -break in Gilula’s arc-lunate & capitate overlap Lateral -loss of collinearity of radius, lunate, capitate

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Treatment• Non-surgical : no indication

• Surgical-open reduction, ligament repair and fixation (all acute injury <8 weeks old)-proximal row carpectomy (chronic injury) -total wrist arthrodesis (chronic injury with degenerative changes)

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Complication

• Recurrent dislocation

• Osteoarthritis

• Decrease grip strength and stiffness

• Median nerve injury

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