Sustantivos Regulares e Irregulares

1. El plural regular Todos los sustantivos en inglès para

pluralizarlos se les agrega una “s” añadida a la forma de singular de un sustantivo:

house – houses

dog – dogs.

Los sustantivos que terminan en

y después de una consonante y -- ies:

party – parties

baby – babies

Importante: los sustantivos que acaban en vocal + y no sufren ningún cambio:

day – days

boy- boys

Los sustantivos que acaban en –

sh, -ch, -s, -x o -z añaden la

terminación “-es”:

church- churches;

brush – brushes; box – boxes; buzz-buzzes

Los sustantivos que acaban en – o tienen una forma de plural regular, con la marca

“s”: photo – photos, piano- pianos. Importante: algunos sustantivos

acabados en -o añaden la terminación “-es”: potato – potatoes; tomato – tomatoes; hero – heroes.

2. El plural irregular Algunos sustantivos acabados en –f (e)

convierten la -f en una -v y añaden la marca “-es”:

half – halves;

knife – knives; leaf – leaves;

life – lives;

shelf – shelves;

thief – thieves; wife – wives;

wolf – wolves.

Los sustantivos irregulares

child – children

foot – feet;

goose – geese;

man – men;

mouse – mice;

ox – oxen;

person – people;

tooth – teeth;

woman – women, et

ella tiene una fiesta

she has a party

ella tiene unas fiestas

she has some parties

yo tengo una hoja

l have a leaf

yo tengo unas hojas

l have some leaves

USO DEL ADJETIVO

1. Los adjetivos en inglés son la cualidad del nombre 2. Van antes del sustantivo

3. y no varían ni en genero ni en número

English Spanish English Spanish English Spanish

cold frió difficult difícil pretty guapa

hot caliente easy fácil ugly feo

big grande rich rico good bueno

small pequeño poor pobre bad malo

long largo cheap barato dangerous peligroso

short corto expensive caro safe seguro

angry enfadado beautiful bello clean limpio

tidy ordenado boring aburrido dirty sucio

untidy desordenado kind amable narrow estrecho

exciting emocionante famous famoso wide ancho

slow lento old viejo quiet silencioso

fast rápido young joven noisy ruidoso

fat gordo silly tonto full lleno

thin delgado clever listo empty vacío

1. I have a big book --------------------- Tengo un libro grande

2. They have two blue cars . ----------------- ellos tienen dos carros azules 3. The small car is in the garage ------------ el carro pequeño esta en el garage 4. I have a nice laptop ----------------------- yo tengo un portatil bonito

5. She is a beautiful gilr ---------------------- ella es una chica Hermosa 6. They have an expensive house ------------ ellos tienen una casa costosa

7. We have some interesting toys------- nosotros tenemos unos juguetes interesantes 8. She has long hair ---------------------- elle tiene cabello largo 9. He is a young man--------------------- el es un hombre joven

10. You have nice eyes ------------------ tu tienes ojos bonitos

Verbo to be en presente

1-I am _____ yo soy

2-You are ____ tù eres 3-He is____ èl es

4-She is_____ Ella es

5-we are_____ nosotros somos 6-they are______ ellos son

Contracciones del verbo to be.

1- I´m __ yo soy 2- You ´re__ tú eres

3- He´s __ él es 4- She´s __ ella es

5- We ´re ___ nosotros somos 6- they ´re__ ellos son

1 I´m not __Yo no soy 2 you´re not, you aren´t _tù no eres

3 He´s not, __ He isn´t ___èl no es

4 she´s not, ___she isn´t ___ Ella no es 5 we´re not, we aren´t_ no somos

6 they´re not, _ they aren´t_ ellos son

1- I am not___yo no soy

2- You are not __tù no ere 3- He is not__èl no es

4- She is not___ella no es 5- we are not__ nosotros no somos

6- they are not_ ellos son

Verb to be in the present simple tense

1. This is you friend.---------------------Este es mi amigo 2. This is not your friend.---------- Este no es tu amigo

3. Is this your friend?-------------- Es Este tù amigo 4. They are tourists.---------------------Ellos son turistas

5. They are not tourists.----------- Ellos no son turistas 6. Are they tourists? ------------- --Son ellos turistas?

7. Paula and Delany are friends.--- Paula and Delany son amigos 8. Paula and Delany are not friends. -- Paula y Delany son amigas?

9. Are Paula and Delany friends? ---- Son Paula y Delany amigas?

1. Complete the sentences with am, is, or are .

1. I __________ a student.

2. My parents ___________ great people.

3. My sister ____________ very pretty.

4. Her cousins ___________ musicians.

5. His uncle ____________ at the movies.

6. My sister and I ___________ best friends.

7. Kara ___________ Kelly's sister-in-law.

8. My cat ___________ lazy.

9. Our aunt ____________ a French teacher.

10. You ___________ really tall!

Verb to be – ser Affirmative Negative Interrogative

I am -- yo soy I am not – yo no soy Am I? soy yo ?

You are - tu eres You are not – tu no eres Are you? Eres tu?

He is - él es He is not él no es Is he? Es él ? She is not She is Is she?

It is It is not Is it? We are We are not Are we?

You are You are not Are you? They are They are not Are they

Fill in the blanks with the right subject / personal pronouns

(I, you, he, she, it, we, and they)

1. Angelina Jolie is American. _______ isn't French.

2. Brad Pitt is American, too. ________ isn't German.

3. Brad and Angelina aren't French.______ are American.

4. My friend and I are high school students.________ aren't primary school students.

5. The Statue of Liberty is in New York._________ isn't in Washington.

Fill in the blanks with the right form of to be (am, are or is):

1. _______you the new student?

2. Yes, I _____

3. Yessica and Angie ________ students.

4. Camila _________ Australian .

5. My sister and I________ students.

6. The girls________ tired.

7. These women__________ beautiful.

8. The tea _________ delicious.

9. Nadia and Leila__________ friends.

10. The newspaper__________ cheap

Hacer la negación del verbo to be es muy simple , solo tenemos que añadir después del

verbo la partícula ”not”, como se muestra a continuación:

I am not -> Yo no soy/estoy You are not -> Tú no eres/estás

He is not -> Él no es/está She is not -> Ella no es/está

It is not -> Ello no es/está We are not -> Nosotros (-as) no somos/estamos You are not -> Vosotros(-as) no sois/estáis

They are not -> Ellos(-as) no son/están

Forma contraída del presente simple del verbo to be en negativo:

Podemos realizar dos contracciones:

1. El sujeto con el verbo, como vimos en la lección anterior 2. El verbo con la partícula de negación not.

Veamos en una tabla estas formas:

Forma no contraída Forma contraída

uniendo el verbo y not

Forma contraída

uniendo pronombre y

verbo

I am not ----- yo no soy you are not – tú no eres he is not – él no es

she is not – ella no es it is not --- eso no es

we are not – nosotros no somos you are not – ustedes no son they are not – ellos no son

you aren’t – tu no eres he isn’t --- él no es

she isn’t – ella no es it isn’t --- eso no es

we aren’t – nosotros no somos you aren’t --- ustedes no son they aren’t – ellos no son

I’m not – yo no soy

you’re not – tu no eres he’s not---- él no es

she’s not--- elle no es it’s not – eso no es we’re not – nosotros no

somos you’re not --- ustedes no son

they’re not --- ellos no son

Frases en presente simple negativo del verbo to be:

El siguiente vídeo contiene las frases de ejemplo del verbo to be en forma negativa, con su pronunciación en inglés americano y británico:

I’m not Peter

Yo no soy Pedro

I’m not in Sweden Yo no estoy en Suecia

You’re not ugly

Tú no eres feo

You’re not in Paris Tú no estás en París

He’s not in the street

Él no está en la calle

She’s not beautiful Ella no es hermosa

It isn’t wonderful

No es una maravilla

We aren’t happy Nosotros no somos felices

Verbo to have en Presente Simple

Conjugación Significado

I have yo tengo

you have tú tienes

he has él tiene

she has ella tiene

it has ello tiene

we have nosotros tenemos

you have vosotros tenéis

they have ellos tienen

Afirmativos Interrogative Negativo

I have – yo tengo Do I have? --- tengo yo? I don’t have —yo no tengo You have – tù tienes Do You have? – Tienes tù? You don’t have ---tù no tengo

He has—èl tiene Does He has ? tienes èl ? He does not have- èl no tiene

She has --- ella tiene Does She has ? - tienes ella ? She does not have_ Ella no tiene

It has --- eso tiene Does It has ?-- tiene eso? It does not have – eso no tiene

We have - nosotros tenemos Do We have?tenemos nosotros ? We do not have - no tenemos

You have--ustedes tienten Do You have?--ustedes tienten? You do not have—ustedes no tienen

They have ---ellos (as) tienen Do They have?- ellos (as) tienen? They do not have—ellos (as) no tienen

Escriba la forma correcta del verbo que esta al final de la oración

1. The boy __________ an ice-cream.(have) 2. The girl __________ a cake. To (have) 3. The men _________ a football match on Saturday afternoon.(to have) 4. The woman _______ a cup of tea. (To have) 5. The girl __________ a new dress for the party. (To have) 6. They ____________ a holiday in Augustto (have) 7. I__________________ a blue car. (to have)

8. You_______________ a big house. (to have)

9. We _______________ a marvelous garden. (to have) 10. She_______________ blond hair. (to have)

Special verbs in the Simple Present

Be as a full verb—SER

AFFIRMATIVE SENTENCE NEGATIVE SENTENCE QUESTION

I am from Britain. I am not from Britain. Am I from Britain?

He is from Britain. He is not from Britain. Is he from Britain?

We are from Britain. We are not from Britain. Are we from Britain?

Adjetives demostrativos

That – ese – esa- eso

This - es te – esta

Those – esos – esas

These – es tos estas

That is -- es te es

This is – es ta es

Those are – esas son

These are – es tas son

This flower is beautiful. Esta flor es hermosa. This car is dirty. Este automóvil está sucio.

That house is expensive. Aquella casa es costosa. That dog is bad. Aquel perro es malo.

These apples are cheap. Estas manzanas son baratas. These pencils are in the box. Estos lápices están en la caja.

Those stars are in the sky. Aquellas estrellas están en el cielo. Those boys are my friends. Aquellos niños son mis amigos.

1. ____is my wife.

2. ______are my kids. 3.

______radio doesn't work.

4. Is ________your notebook?

5. _____coat is very nice.

6. She doesn't have _____books.

7. Have you bought ______car?

8. _____pencils are yours.

9. _____are my books.

10. _______children go to school.

Simple Present

He 1. Si termina Y después de consonante se le cambia por –ies

She 2. si termina en o-x-z-ch-ss- sh- se le agrega es

He 3. si no cumple la regla 1 y 2 se le

agrega s termine en lo que termine

1. If the verb ends in y before a consonant

change to i and add -es:

study – studies

copy – copies

2. If the verb ends in -ss, -sh, -ch, -x or -o,

add -es to the base form:

kiss - kisses

finish - finishes

watch - watches

mix - mixes

go – goes

3. When the verbs doesn’t have the rules 1

and 2 only give one s play - pays

Speak – speaks

He does

She

It doesn’t

I

You do

We don’t

They

1. He speaks Spanish

2. He doesn't speak Spanish.

3. Does he speak English?

Affirmative Negative Interrogative

I play very good I don’t play very good Do I play very good?

you play very good You do not play very good Do you play very good? He plays very good He does not play very good Does He play very good?

She plays very good She doesn’t play very good Does She play very good? It plays very good It does not play very good Does It play very good?

We play very good We don’t play very good Do We play very good? You play very good You don’t play very good Do You play very good? They play very good They don’t play very good Do They play very good?

INSTITUCIÓN EDUCATIVA FÉ Y ALEGRÍA JÓSE MARÍA VÉLAZ “FORMANDO HOMBRES NUEVOS PARA UNA SOCIEDAD NUEVA”

Workshop Recuperación 2015

Introducing Yourself

Hello! My name is Ana. I am twenty-five years old. I live in Miami, Florida with my

husband and two children. I have one son in kindergarten and one daughter in first

grade. They both attend public school. My husband is a mechanic. On weekends,

he works at a restaurant as a dishwasher. The restaurant usually gets more

customers on weekends, so they need extra people to wash dishes.

Q1: Who is introducing herself? Ans:

_________________________________________________

Q2: How old is she? Ans:

___________________________________________________________

Q3: Where does Ana live? Ans

______________________________________________________

Q4: What is her husband’s profession? Ans:

____________________________________________

Q5: Where does he work on weekends? Ans:

___________________________________________

Q6: How many children does Ana have? Ans:

___________________________________________

Family

My name is Sangeeta. I am 11. I live in New Delhi, India with my father, mother, two

brothers and three sisters. My grandparents also live with us. In India, family is very

important. It is common to have grandparents, aunts, uncles and/or cousins living in

the same house. My aunts, uncles and cousins also live nearby. We see each other

often. My older brother is a computer programmer. Right now, he is in Australia. His

company sent him there for one year. We all miss him a lot. We write him letters

every week. I want him to come home soon.

Q1: How old is Sangeeta? Asn:

_______________________________________________________

Q2: Which country does she live in?

___________________________________________________

Q3: Does she live with her parents? Ans:

_______________________________________________

INSTITUCIÓN EDUCATIVA FÉ Y ALEGRÍA JÓSE MARÍA VÉLAZ “FORMANDO HOMBRES NUEVOS PARA UNA SOCIEDAD NUEVA”

Workshop Recuperación 2015

Q4: Who else lives with her? Ans:

_____________________________________________________

Q4: What does her older brother do? Ans:

_____________________________________________

Q5: Where is he right now? Ans:

_____________________________________________________

Q6: Does the family miss him? How do you

know?_________________________________________________________

A New Home

Francisco stands outside his new house. He reaches into his pocket and pulls out

the key. He turns the key in the lock and opens the door. He steps into the living

room and looks around. The paint is peeling off the walls. There is no furniture. The

house is dirty and smells bad. He tries to open a window but it is broken. The house

does not have a kitchen or a bedroom but there is a microwave on the floor on one

side of the room. He wonders if it works. The place looks terrible but it is all he can

afford. He covers his nose and mouth with his hand and opens the bathroom door.

It is in bad condition.

Q1: Is Francisco's new house clean?

___________________________________________________

Q2: Is the house in good condition?

___________________________________________________

Q3: How many bedrooms does the house have?

________________________________________

Q4: Does the house need to be repainted?

_____________________________________________

Q5: Why did Francisco buy a house that is in such bad condition?

_________________________________________________________________