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Regional trauma
Shoulder and upper arm
Dr.Aftab Qadir
Outline
Shoulder dislocation
Fractures
Rotator cuff injury
Trauma-series x-rays
Glenoid AP view
Trans scapular lateral view
Axillary view
1.Shoulder dislocation
anterior > 95%
posterior 2-4%
inferior (luxatio erecta) < 1%
Plain Films
X-rays are sufficient in most cases
associated fractures/injuries
Hill-Sachs lesion
bony Bankart lesion
proximal humeral fractures
clavicular fracture
acromioclavicular joint disruption
acromial fracture
Hill-Sachs lesions
Bankart lesion
Posterior Shoulder Dislocation
Radiological signs on AP view:
Internal rotation of the humerus
Light bulb sign
The ‘rim sign’ – Widening of the glenohumeral
space
Inferior shoulder dislocation
Radiographic features
The humeral head is displaced directly below the
glenoid fossa.
arm often in marked abduction (luxatio erecta).
2.Acromioclavicular injury
Features include :
soft tissue swelling
widening of the AC joint
increased coracoclavicular distance
superior displacement of the distal clavicle
4.Clavicular fracture
vast majority occur in the midshaft
fall onto an outstretched arm
common in very young and very old patients.
5.Scapula fractures
uncommon injuries, representing ~3% of all
shoulder fractures.
high energy trauma
Requires trauma series views
associated with other injuries
6.Humerus
fractured by excessive torsion or by a direct
blow.
The humeral neck is frequently fractured in
elderly patients following a fall into the shoulder.
7.Supracondylar fracture
90% are seen in children younger than 10 years
commonly seen in boys
due to accidental trauma
Lateral and AP radiographs are usually sufficient
indirect signs indirect signs
9.Medial epicondyle fracture
represent almost all epicondyle fractures
most common avulsion injury of the elbow
typically seen in children and adolescents
10.Galeazzi fracture-dislocation
fracture of the distal radius with dislocation of
distal radioulnar joint
children, peak incidence of 9-12 years of age
Plain films , orthogonal views
11.Monteggia fracture-dislocation
fracture of the ulna shaft and dislocation of the
radial head
image both the elbow and the wrist, and good
quality AP and lateral views are required.
12.Rotator cuff tear
common causes of shoulder pain
Prevalence of tear increases with age
Acromiohumeral interval indicative of rotator cuff
tear or tendinopathy.
ultrasound may have up to 90% sensitivity and
specificity
Hyperintense signal area within the tendon on
T2W, fat-suppressed and GRE sequences
Few Cases
Thank You