Living labs as a new social high tech

Living labs, as new social high tech.

Artur SerraLiving Lab Group, Fundació i2catartur.serra@i2cat.net

Barcelona, June 27, 2016

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Índex

• I. Technocultures, ahead

• II. The cultures of design.

• III. Nets and Labs

• IV. The Anthropocen: the opportunity for Europe.

1. Technocultures ahead

The era of technocultures

Margareth MeadPre-figurative Cultures

“Culture and Engagement” (1971)

Modes ofCulture

Post-figurative cultures. -Primitive and religious societies-Power in the hands of elders. -The pass tense, the langage of myths.

Co-figurative cultures. -Modern industrial societies.-Power in the hands of peers. Nuclear family -The present tense. The world of today

Pre-figurative cultures-Digital innovation socities. -Young generation lives with different set of values than parents and grand-parents. -Future tense, pre-figuration as new cultural form.

M.J. BuxóModes of knowledge (1988)

Cognitive AnthropologyUniversity ofBarcelona

Post-figurativecultures:

Co-figurativeCultures

Cultures prefiguratives:

Mytho-poietic knowledge. Conceptual realism

Logic-formal knowledgeMathematization of universe

Design as cultural knowlegeAnthropological prospective.

Project “Sciences of design,High technologies and Cultural Tradition” (1990-1992)

TechnoantropologyMaria J. Buxó

Angel Jordan (1992)

“This is the study of technology as a cultural system….Technoantropology elaborates the expert systems of knowledge that help to develop the cultural design” Design Culture” A. Serra 1992:5)

2. “Design Culture”:

Ethnography of School of Computer Science. Carnegie

Mellon, 1990-1993.

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Projecte de recerca: “Ciències

del disseny, noves

tecnologies i tradició

cultural” (1990-93), finançat

Pel DepartamentDe Presidència de laGeneralitat

The “ARPA laboratories”

Prior to 1965, there were no U.S. universities granting a Ph.D. in computer science.

´”Licklider, and his ARPA successors, provided funding for the research needed to create university graduate programs in computer science at U.C. Berkeley, CMU, MIT and Stanford.

It wasn't until 1969 that Ph.D's in computer science were awarded”.

http://www.computermuseum.li/Testpage/99HISTORYCD-ARPA-History.HTM

Departments of Computer Science.The “ARPA Labs”. 1960s

#1 Stanford University Stanford, CA

#2 Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh, PA

#3 Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, MA

“Computer Science as an artificial

science”. 1988

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- " Since computer science is an artificial science (Simon 1981) theoretical computer science plays a very different role within computer science than, say, theoretical physics plays within physics.

- Theoretical physics seeks to understand the physical universe, which exists independently. Theoretical computer scientists seek to understand all possible architectures or algorithms, which computer scientists create themselves."

- “The National Challenge in Computer Science and Technology” Computer Science and Technology Board, National Research Council, 1988.

“The scientists of the artificial”

Alan TuringFrank Oppenheimer

J. Von Neumann Claude Shannon

WWII, Scientists became engineers, and the engineers, scientists..

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Their research program.

“Sciences of artificial” are called Synthetic Sciences

Two different models of innovation

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The traditional model: Science-Technology-Industry(Vanevar Bush)

The mission-driven model: “High Tech”(Darpa)

Science, Basic Research

Technology,Applied Research

Industry,Development

Mission driven Research: Technology Research: Basic and Applied

“Dual use Technology”:First defense, then commercial.

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Some examples: The Internet

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“Mission-driven research” “Dual use technology”

Second: The self-driving car

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Stanley, winner 2005

Sebastia Thrun, director AI Lab Stanford Univ.

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CoordinatingRole ofWhite House

The Net and the Lab

The Lab, LL scienceThe Lab, LL science

Nets and Labs:Two different types of technologies

in the digital era

The industrial machine

Industrial Engineering

The FactoryThe Industrial Management

The NetComputer science

Industrial era Digital era

2050, every person, every thing could be connected to the Net

But…

Some results…• Trustification of the Net. (Google,

Amazon, Facebook, Apple….)• Increasing the centralized surveillance

(NSA,…)• Repeting monopolies of the past ….• Results 1. High tech benefits only one

part population, excluding the rest.• Results 2: Ending the innovation in the

long term.

Instead of a new digital infrastructure connecting old economic ,social , politicalStructures…

It would be possible to generate new economic, social, political, cultural structures…?

The lab as new social high tech

What if?

“The Lab” (2020) Open innovation collaboratory over the “the Net”

Von Hippel, Democratizing Innovation. (2005)

ENoLL (2006)

Citilab, a citizen laboratory (2007).

(2009)

(2014)

Towards a third model of innovation

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Vanevar Bush Model (1945)

Darpa Model (1957)

Science, Basic Research

Technology,Applied Research

Industry,Development

Mission driven Research: Technology Research: Basic and Applied

“Dual use Technology”:First defense, then commercial.

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Universal Model (2016)

“EmpoweringEveryone

To Innovate”.

(ENoLL )

Quadruple Helix model, opening the innovation systems

Universities Governments

Companies Citizens

(Arnkil et al.,Exploring Quadruple Helix 2010)

The real dimension of the Quadruple Helix

Universities

Governments

Companies

Citizens

Barcelona as a collaboratory (2012).

IV. The Anthropocen:the challenge for Europe

The AnthropocenPaul Crutzen, 2000. “The Anthropocene is a proposed epoch that begins when human activities started to have a significant global impact on Earth's geology and ecosystems” (Wikipedia)

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The Antropocen is coming with the era of synthetic sciences: Human are transforming the nature.

The problem now is to know if sapiens will also be able of transform itself with the rest of nature.

Maybe we need synthetic social sciences: disciplines dedicate to augment our knowledge about what kind of social and cultural systems are possibles and how to build them.

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The Anthropocen:the era of synthetic sciences

The challenge for Europe

•Europe is now again in the forefront of the economic, social and cultural crisis in the digital era. (Brexit case)

•We have not started the high tech era, but we can help to develop it in a more humane and inclusive way.

•Living Labs research and innovation theories and practices arethe new kind of social high tech that can help to develop modelsof society that will benefit of the potentialities of the new eraof innovation.

Moltes gràcies

Artur.serra@i2cat.net