Урок 3Ds Max - полустационар "Компьютерная графика и дизайн" в КА "ШАГ"

Autodesk 3ds Max. 3D-

02

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 . . . . . . . . . . . 15

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 . . . . . 36 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46, . . . . . . . . . . . .50

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

. . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

- Adobe PDF, , .

- PDF , , - .

- , - - , - Adobe Reader - .

, , -, , - .

!

, PLAY . , . - .

http://get.adobe.com/reader/


, (Viewports) -, , , . - , .


. - , .

3ds Max - (Front, Top, Left) (Perspective). - - . - , - ( ).

-

, .

- - - , .


.

( ) - , - ( ), -. , .

- , - - .

- , , , - , .

. - . , .

, , - View ube ( ) .

, , - .

- - . - . Z - , X

: , , . , - .


, Y ( ).

Front (), Left (), Top () - -. . . (Front) , Y. (Top) , Z, . ( Left) - .

. (+) - , , . - - , , , - ( ) .

View Cube e.


- Viewport Configuration (- ) Views > Viewport Configuration ( > ) (+) .

- , Layout () .

, , - , . , , .

.


.

. .

, , - .

: Front (), Back(), Top (), Bottom (), Left (), Right ().

- Perspective () Orthographic () .

, , - , - Cameras () Lights ( ) . ( - , -

, ).

Extended Viewpors (- ) - . : Track View ( ) - ; Scene Explorer ( ) .

Grid () - - - ( Grid), Shape () - - ,


Active Shade ( -) - . ( - , - ). ( ).

- - , . , , . ( - , .) - -


- Reset Layout ( ).

- - . - - :

Realistic () - , . .

Shaded () - , , , .

Consistent Color ( ) - - . ( ).

Edges Face ( ) - - -


. - .

Facets () .

Hidden Line ( ) , - , , , - .

Wireframe ( ) . , - , -; - , .

Bounding Box ( ) - , - . , .

: , . Display Selected With Edges Faces (- ). -, , - . - Display Selected ( ) - , Visual Style & Appearance ( /) Viewport Configuration.

Clay () - - -. , - ( - ) - - -.

- , - .


Stylized (-) . 3ds Max - : Graphite (), Color Pencil ( ), Ink (), Color Ink ( ), Acrylic (), Pastel (), Tech ( ).

- - Nitrous Direct3D, - . Windows, Change Graphics Mode ( - ). Display Driver Selection ( ) .

, - - Quicksilver Hardware Render, - . ( - - ).

.

.

, - - .


- , - . .

- . ,

Zoom (). - - (

, -). : - Alt Ctrl - , - - .

- Pan View ( ). ( ) .

, - , , , -


Arc Rotate (). - Alt .

-, .

- . - : , -, , , -.

- - .

: . Arc Rotate Orbit , -.

- .

- .

.

- .

- *:

Zoom () - - - .

Zoom All ( ) .

Zoom Extents ( ) - :

Zoom Extents ( -) - . , , .

* , -, .


Zoom Extents Selected (- ) - , - .

Zoom Extents All ( - ) :

Zoom Extents All ( - ) - - , - .

Zoom Extents All Selected ( - ) , - , .

Zoom Region ( ) - -. , , Zoom Region ( ) , - .

Field-of-View ( ). - . , - - . , - .

Pan View () - .


:

2D Pan Zoom Mode ( ) , - , ( - , ). - - .

Walk Through () - ( ), - . -

. - , , . ( ).

Orbit () - . .

Orbit () - - , ( , , - ).

Orbit Selected ( -) , . -


- , - .

Orbit Sub Object ( -) -. - , -. (, - ).

Maximize Viewport Toggle ( - ), , - . Ctrl+W.

View Cube ( ) - . . - , ( , Y).

. -

.


- , , , Home View ( ).

. . - Set Current Views as Home ( ) - Home View ( - ) Home () .

Orthographic () Perspective () - .

Set Current View as Front ( ) .

Reset Front ( ) .

ViewCube ( ) , - Configure ().

Display Options ( ) - Show the ViewCube ( ), , , , In All Views in Active Layout ( ) Only in Active View ( ).

View Cube Size (- ) - Tiny ( ) Large


.

(). Inactive Opacity (- ) 0% 100%.

Snap to Closest View (- ) When Dragging on the View Cube ( ) - , , .

- .

- Alt+Ctrl+V. - - (+) ViewCube ( ).


Steering Wheels ( ) - . - Shift+W Steering Wheels > Toggle Steering Wheels ( > ) (+).

-, . - . , , - .

- .

.


, , -. , , , , - .

-. Autodesk 3ds Max , - .


, - , , - Select Object ( ) .

-, - -. Select and Move ( ), Select and Rotate ( -), Select and Scale ( ). ( - ).

- -

-. - , -

. .


. ( , - ).

- - Ctrl. - , , - Alt. - .

- - .

. , - .

Selection Region (- ), .

:

Rectangular Selection Region ( - ) -. - , , .

Circular Selection Region ( -) . - , . - , , , - .

Fence Selection Region ( -) . , ( ) . - ,

, - . Select Object -. : Select Object ( ), Select by Name ( ), Selection Region ( ) Window/Crossing (/).


-, . , -.

Lasso Selection Region ( ) - . - , - , , - , .

Paint Selection Region ( -) . , , . ( - - ).

Window/Crossing (/). , .

Crossing () .

Window () - , - . , .

- , - , - - -.

- -

Select From Scene ( ).


Select by Name ( ), Select From Scene ( ). Scene Explorer ( ) - .

- Scene Explorer ( ), - .


- . Scene Explorer ( ), . - . ( - , - , .)

. - . - .

: . Lights () - - , , .

. -- , -

Scene Explorer.

Select From Scene ( ) , . Select From Scene ( ) . , .


Display > Object Types ( > ) .

, - -, Select From Scene ( ), - . Customize > Toolbars > Display ( > > ) . , - .

. Display Group ( ) . ( - - .)

Display Object XRefs ( )

, - .

Display Bones ( ) - - . ( Autodesk Maya).

Display Containers ( -) . - , , - . - - , - , .

Display Frozen Object ( - ) , . , .


Display Frozen Object ( - ) - - . ( .)

Display (-) -.

Display All ( ) .

Display None ( ) , .

Invert Display ( -) -, , .

Scene Explorer ( ) - . - .

, - Selection Sets ( ). ( - .)

: - (Sort by Layers) - (Sort by Hierarchy). - . - . ( .).

, - .


- . Edit () . , .

Select All ( ), Select None ( ), Select Invert ( ) , - . ( - - : Ctrl+A, Ctrl+D, Ctrl+I.)

Select Similar ( ) , - . : . Select Similar ( ), . - , Select Similar ( ) .

- , -, . -


, .

Select Instance ( ) - - . (- .)

Select By ( ...) :

Select By Name ( ) Select From Scene ( ) .

Select By Layer ( ) - -

Select By Color ( ) , - . , , . .

- - .

Selection Region ( -) .


, - , , -. Autodesk 3ds Max - .

( , ), Selection Lock Toggle ( ), . ( , - , , - .)

, - .

- (Named Selection Sets) - Edit Named Selection Sets ( ) Named Selection Sets ( ).

- - .


, , Named Selection Sets ( ), Edit Named Selection Sets ( ) .

. Create New Sets ( ) - . , .

- , Add Selected Object (- ) - .

- - Remove () -. , ( - ) .

Subtract Selected Object ( ) - . - , - , .

Select Object in Set ( -) , . - - - .

Select Object by Name ( ) - .

- .

. ( ): Create New Sets ( ), Remove (), Add Selected Object ( ), Subtract Selected Object ( ), Select Object in Set ( ), Select Object by Name ( ), Highlight Selected Object ( )


Highlight Selected Object ( -) , . - ( -) , , - .

- - Named Selection Sets (- ), , , .

- . - . Isolate Selection ( -). Isolate Selection Toggle ( - ) - - , . -

Tools > Isolate Selection ( > ), - Alt+Q.


. , - .

, - Create () , ( ). , - Create () - .

- Modify () - .

. , -

Modify () . - -

Modify () .


, . Creation Method ( ) Keyboard Entry ( ) Modify (-), - .

, - Modify () .

Parameters . , .

, - .


, - , - .

, Edit () . , - .

: W , E , R - .

- , -, , , , , - XYZ . - , - . Gizmo Transform, *.

* gizmo . , , , , .


Gizmos Preferences Setting ( ).

- , - On () Transform Gizmos ( ). - Show Axis Labels (- ) (X, Y, Z).

Allow multiple giz-mos ( ) - , Use Pivot Point Center ( ). ( ).

Size () 1 100%.

: + () - () .


, - . - .

- , , , - . , - .

- , , - . : , , , .

-

, , , XY, YZ ZX - -


. X Y XY, Z -.

-.

Move () . - - . - .

- (, Y, Z) .

Move Transform

Type-In ( - ). - - Move ().

, - - .

Absolute: World (-: ), Offset: World (: ). -

3ds Max .

Axis Constraints ( -) , - , - .

Axis Constraints ( ), - ZX.

, .

. , .

, - , , .


. ( , - .) ( - ), , 0, 0, 0 .

, - 50 0, 0, 0, Y 300 .

- - , -.

. : , Move Transform Type-In ( ) 50, 300, 0, 50 -

. :

1. - 100, 300, 0 (50 + 50 = 100), - .

2. 50 , - . - 50 - , 100, 300, 0.

Move Transform Type-In ( ) -

.

Absolute () - .

Offset () , .

Absolute () Offset () . - .


100, 300, 0, - .

, - , . - Mode Transform Type In ( ), - .

Rotate (). , . - . - Select and Rotate (- ) Rotate transform Type In ( -), - , .

Scale (), , , Select and Scale ( ) - .

Select and Uniform Scale ( -) - , - .

Select and Uniform Scale ( ) Select and Non-uniform Scale ( ) , .. , . , ( ) - ( ). . , , -.

.

. , , , . , - , , , . - .


Select and Non-uniform Scale ( ) , - .

- Select and Squash ( ) - , . - , - .

, - Scale Transform Type-In ( ). - . , - Offset: World (: ) , -


-.

, . Mirror () - Tools > Mirror ( > ).

, , - ( ). , .

Mirror Axis ( ) - , .

Offset () - -. -

, - , . Clone Selection ( ) - . ( .)

Mirror (). .


- , - -, Align ().

, .

Align () - , . , .

, Align (),

.

: Align (), Quick Align ( ), Normal Align ( -), Place Highlight ( ), Align Camera ( ), Align to View ( ).

Align ().

, .

. . Align Selection (Teapot001), (- 001).

X Position ( X), Y Position (- Y), Z Position ( Z) , -


. , .

Current Object ( ) Target Object ( ) , . :

Minimum () - X, Y, Z . - .

Center () - - - ( ).

Pivot Point ( ) - - -.

Maximum () - - X, Y, Z .

- .

, - - , , . ( ).


(Bounding Box). , . , Bounding Box (- ) . . , Configure Viewport ( ). Visual Style & Appearance ( ), Selection () Selection Brackets ( )..

Selection Brackets ( ), .

View ( ) , , -, (- , ).

World () 0, 0, 0, - .

Align Orientation (Local) (- ) , - - , .

Match Scale ( ) - - , .


Quick Align ( ) . - -, - .

Normal Align ( ) - -. -, .

Place Highlight ( ) , . ( - .)

Align Camera ( ) - .

Align to View ( - ) - , - .

- Align to View ( ). , . Flip () .

.

Tools > Align ( > -). , , Clone and Align ( ), .


. , , - . ( -, . . - .)

- , - .

-: Hide Selection ( ) - ; Hide Unselected ( -) - .

, - , - :

Unhide by Name (- ) Unhide Object ( ) - - ,

,

.


Unhide () . ( -.)

Unhide All ( ) -.

, , - Display () Hide () . .

. , - .

, , , . Show Frozen in Gray ( ), Display Properties ( ) Display () .

.

- .

, - , - .

, - - , . Freeze Selection ( )


. - Unfreeze All ( ) - .

, - , Freeze () Display () -. .


- , .

, - . - , , .

- , , . -, , - (, ) -

(, - , - ).

, . -, ( ).

- .

- , , - -. ,


, - , , , , . , - -.


Autodesk 3dsMax -: , :

Copy () - . .

Instance () . Instance () - .

References () - , . -, - , - ,

. ( - , . *.)

- .

, . - , - , , Copy () .

* .


, . , Instance (), - .

, . -, ; References (), - , - , - , .

, Autodesk 3ds Max ?

. - , -

, Shift, (-, ) .

Clone Options ( -), , , Object (), - Number of Copies ( ) Name (). - - (

.


, , ).

- , , - , , Clone (), Edit > Clone (- > ), , , Edit > Duplicate > Clone (- > > ).

Array Array () .

- , Array (), , . -

- .

- , - , , . -, - -

- .

Incremental () Total (), (X,Y,Z) .


Incremental () - , . - -.

: , , X 10 Y 15 . - 10 X Move () 15 Y Rotate ().

Total () , - , , . - .

: ,

100, Y - 90 . , - Total (), > Move (), 100 X Move (). Rotate () - 90 Y.

Incremental (), - .

3 .

Type of Object ( ) - -.

Array Dimensions ( ) -, - Count (), . ?


, - , (1D) Count() .

, - .

- , - 2D, -, X, Y, Z.

3D - - . ( , - , , .)

Spacing Tool ( -), , - . , -


.

Align (-) Tools ().

- Pick Path ( ), - , Pick Points ( ) , , .

Parameters () ( Count), - Spacing (), Start Offset ( ) End Offset ( ) .

- . ( -.)

Context () Edges () Centers () , - . -

.

- . Follow () - - .


, - . , - .


, - , : - , - , .

, - , 3ds Max - . - , . , , , - ; - -

, .

, - Group > Group ( > ).

-, Scene Explorer ( ) Selection Floater ( ), - Group001, . - - : ( - ) ( -). ,

- .


, , , , , .

- . , .

- :

SceneExplorer . AddSelectTo > New Group ( > ).

.

: (Dummy) . -, -.

: , (Instance) . , .


Group > Group ( > ).

: Edit > Group > Group ( > > ).

, . - , Rename ().

, , .

, -, , .

- Group > Open ( > ) - . , ,

-: , -, . - - Group > lose ( > ), - .

- , Group > Attach ( > -) , - .

, - Group > Open ( > ), , Group > Detach ( > ).

, , -, - Ungroup ().

.


, , - - .

: . , , , - . 3 . , - , , - Group > Open ( > ), . , , , , Ungroup ().

- Group > Explode ( > ). , .

- -

. , , - , .

, - , - . , ,

. Body (). - , .


, - : , , .

- - , , -, .

Select and Link (- ), .

- - . Select and Link (- )

: . - :

, . - . , , , . , . ,

, , - . .

- .

Select and Link


( ) .

Unlink Selection ( ).

- , - , Unlink Selection ( ).

. - . - . - .

Schematic View ( ).

- .

-. Link Info ( ), Hierarchy () .

: Locks () Inherit ().

- .

Schematic View ( ), .

: - , , - .


, . - - , .

Inherit () , . - - ( ).

- .


, - , Sutodesk 3ds Max - .

- - , , -, - . , , , .

-, - , ( - ),

, , . - -

Scene Explorer.


. - .

Layer Explorer ( ) Scene Explorer ( ) Sort by Layer ( ).

Layer Explorer ( ) -, Manage Layers ( ) .

, , - 0 (default).

, ( - ), -, , - . , , , .

- -: Frozen (), Renderable ( ), Display as Box (

). - , .

-, Configure Columns ( ). - , Configure Columns (- ), - , . - Replace Column ( ) .

, - . - .

Configure Columns ( ) .


, ( -) . , , Layers () - By Layer ( ). - , . , , .

- Create New Layer ( ). - , . Layer 001 ( , -); - .

- . - ,

, .

, . , , - , .

.


, .

, - , .

, , . - Delete ().

-


, - , - .

- References Coordinate System ( ) . - Use Center ( ).

Use Center ( ) :

Use Pivot Point Center ( - ). , - -

.

Use Selection Center ( ) , , .

Use Transform Coordinate System ( -) , - , - References Coordinate Center ( ).

References Coordinate System ( - ).

- Use Center ( ).


, - , :

View () - - .

Screen () - .

World () - 0,0,0.

Parent () - - ( ).

Local () (Pivot Point).

Gimbal () - Euler XYZ Rotation. ( - - ).

- Use Selection Center ( ), - - .

Use Pivot Point Center (- ), - .


Grid () - .

Working () , - (Working Pivot). - - Hierarchy () Working Pivot (- ).

Pick () - -. References Coordinate System ( - ) Pick () - ; .

- References Coordinate Center( ).

, - - . Pick () References Coordinate Center ( ), - .

, - Use Transform Coordinate System ( ) Use Center ( ), - .

- Use Pivot Point Center ( ) - .

, .

, , .


1. ?2. ?3. -

? .

4. 3ds Max?

5. , - 3ds Max, ?

6. 3ds Max ?

7. 3ds Max - ? , ?

8. 3ds Max? ?

9. -? ?

10. 3ds Max , - ?

-, - , , -. , , , . 1274 . 4 . 21 23 . , . , , .

. . - . .

.

AUTODESK 3DS MAX. 3D-

2.

, 20142015

, 2015 www.itstep.org

http://www.itstep.org/

,

Button 107: Button 108: Button 109: Button 110: Dot 5: Dot 6: PIC A24: PIC B24: TEXT A23: TEXT B23: Button A24: Button B24: Dot A24: Dot B24: PIC A23: PIC B23: PIC C15: TEXT A13: TEXT B13: TEXT C10: Button A23: Button B23: Button C15: Dot A23: Dot B23: Dot C15: PIC A25: PIC B25: PIC C17: PIC D11: PIC E5: TEXT A24: TEXT B24: TEXT C15: TEXT D6: TEXT E5: Button A25: Button B25: Button C17: Button D11: Button E5: Dot A25: Dot B25: Dot C17: Dot D11: Dot E5: PIC A27: PIC B27: PIC C19: PIC D13: TEXT A26: TEXT B26: TEXT C18: TEXT D12: Button A27: Button B27: Button C19: Button D13: Dot A27: Dot B27: Dot C19: Dot D13: PIC A26: PIC B26: PIC C18: PIC D12: PIC E6: PIC F5: PIC G3: TEXT A25: TEXT B25: TEXT C17: TEXT D11: TEXT E6: TEXT F5: TEXT G3: Button A26: Button B26: Button C18: Button D12: Button F5: Button E6: Button G3: Dot A26: Dot B26: Dot C18: Dot D12: Dot F5: Dot E6: Dot G3: PIC A20: PIC B20: PIC C16: PIC A18: PIC B18: TEXT A18: TEXT B18: Button A18: Button B18: Dot A18: Dot B18: TEXT A20: TEXT B20: TEXT C16: Button A20: Button B20: Button C16: Dot A20: Dot B20: Dot C16: PIC A21: PIC B21: TEXT A21: TEXT B21: Button A21: Button B21: Dot A21: Dot B21: PIC A22: PIC B22: TEXT A22: TEXT B22: Button A22: Button B22: Dot A22: Dot B22: PIC A17: PIC B17: PIC C14: PIC D10: TEXT A17: TEXT B17: TEXT C14: TEXT D10: Button A17: Button B17: Button C14: Button D10: Dot A17: Dot B17: Dot C14: Dot D10: PIC A28: PIC B28: PIC C20: TEXT A27: TEXT B27: TEXT C19: Button A28: Button B28: Button C20: Dot A28: Dot B28: Dot C20: PIC A29: PIC B29: PIC C21: TEXT A28: TEXT B28: TEXT C20: Button A29: Button B29: Button C21: Dot A29: Dot B29: Dot C21: PIC A31: PIC B31: TEXT A30: TEXT B30: Button A31: Button B31: Dot A31: Dot B31:

Design

Урок 3Ds Max - полустационар "Компьютерная графика и дизайн" в КА "ШАГ"