Генетические последствия техногенных катастроф

.. . . ..

XX 1986 - . 50 . . 200 . 2 0,2 / (10 )1979 - --, , 1984 - () - . 30 1957 - ( .). 2,5 . . 15 . 2. - ()1950 - . ( ., ). . 2,7 . 1993 . 1050 . 134 : ,

: PubMed3 . - 23 . - 20 . - 200 . - 29 - ()105 ( ) - ???

:

1957: 108 2007: 10 - 60 /2 (530 )90Sr () Ca, , ,

1986: 18108 2007: 0.8 - 8 /2 (10- )137Cs (+) (5-10 )

1957-1960 . 1965 ( )

( )

,

(1965)

1

2.64

2.74.35.3

368.9

2.66

A.eupatoria

C.scabiosa

C.setosum

L.sibirica

0,2 /c

1,2 /

, %

1

L.sibirica

1 2 1 2 1

2.64

2.74.35.3

368.9

2.66

1

000

000

000

000

A.eupatoria

C.scabiosa

C.setosum

L.sibirica

1

2

, %

2

3,7 /

10.38.9

14.48.8

13.610

17.415.4

25.416.8

1511.6

27.114.9

26.611.2

22.59.8

25.514.9

34.312.8

27.77.8

32.89

2

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

3,7 /

,%

( 20 )

3

0.641.38 1 2

0.470.510100100100

0.210.691088.689.7104.7

1.572.563081.497.2103.2

1.081.196072.682.494.3

0.561.3210049.557.767.4

0.522.915016.34631.5

3.92.7

3

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

A.septentrionalis

C.scabiosa

L.martagon

Crepis tectorum

1976.

1978.

1979. 1981.

Pl.major

,%

000

000

000

000

000

000

1

2

,

, % .

A. septentrionalis () () .

(, 1973-1975)

1

0.731.75

1.541.962.34

12.22.4

1.551.7

0.60.71.4

0.30.6

0.2 /

1.2 /

, %

1

L.sibirica

1 2 1 2

2.64 18.712.47

2.74.35.30,411000010.5

368.93,11000016.111.5

2.66

1

000

000

000

000

A. eupatoria

C. scabiosa

C. setosum

L. sibirica

1

2

,%

2

00

00

00

Sr-90 , /

,%

3

3,7 /

10.38.9

14.48.8

13.610

17.415.4

25.416.8

1511.6

27.114.9

26.611.2

22.59.8

25.514.9

34.312.8

27.77.8

32.89

3

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

3,7 /

, %

1 2

0.731.75

1.541.962.34

12.22.4

1.551.7

0.60.71.4

0.30.6

1

2

, %

(, 1985)

1

0.7

1.1

2.38

2.1

3.26

4.18

4.01

4.24

, %

, /.

, %

R2 = 0,96

1

, /. , %

00.7

101.1

3002.38

4002.1

5003.26

9004.18

10504.01

15004.24

1

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

, %

, /.

, %

R2 = 0,96

2

, 50 , 100 , 40 , 40

65.526.178.858.4

150.9716.874.543

219.3

2

000

000

000

000

1

2

,

, %

3

, % , %

, 65.50.2

, 88.60

, 65.32.1

, 83.40

3

00

00

00

00

, %

, %

100

, %

.

1

0.048

0.175

0.109

0.124

0.529

0.491

A. septentrinalis L.

, /

, %

R = 0,96

1

Draba nemorosa L.

0.018

0.1580.45

0.1950.039

0.330.805

0.40.451

0.910.479

1

0

0

0

0

0

0

Draba nemorosa L.

, /

, %

Draba nemorosa L.

2

, /A. septentrinalis L.

00.048

0.1970.175

0.2160.109

0.4330.124

1.10.529

1.240.491

2

00

00

00

00

00

00


, /

, %

Androsace septentrionalis L.

6

0

0

0

0

0

0


, /

, %

R = 0,96

3

1 2

11

2-0.64145425061

, / 054.5

0.19715.80.2212.5

0.19716.70.21630

0.21612.5

0.21630056.8

0.3727.90.19716.7

0.41827.90.19715.8

0.43318.70.4318.7

0.55317.71.248

1.215.3

1.248070.8

0.5517.7

0.4227.9

0.3727.9

1.215.3

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

, /

,%


C. scabiosa L.,

C. scabiosa L.

:

( 1:1)

(Pinus sylvestris L.)

P. sylvestris L., 0,6710-3 (, 1989)

0,6710-3

106 /2- 10-3 10-312351620,390,3900,782-356641,11,802,8010-1360701,53,60,25,3015-2079492,040,36,3077900,50,100,60,2-0,4101991,41,002,41,5-2,0100691,22,103,32,5-380112,32,50,35,13,5-4,088153,75,50,69,818,5-20103652,66,80,810,2

P. sylvestris L., .

1957-1960 . 1965 - .

-2007:

-2007 55 /2

: 140 /2

-1988 . , 4

-2007 .

-2007 . , - 4

1957-1960 . 1965 . 1975 .

13 10

1

10.38.9

14.48.8

13.610

17.415.4

25.416.8

1511.6

27.114.9

26.611.2

22.59.8

25.514.9

34.312.8

27.77.8

32.89

3,7 /.

, %

1

L.sibirica

1 2 1 2

2.64 18.712.47

2.74.35.30,411000010.5

368.93,11000016.111.5

2.66

1

000

000

000

000

A. eupatoria

C. scabiosa

C. setosum

L. sibirica

1

2

,%

2

00

00

00

Sr-90 , /

,%

3

3,7 /.

10.38.9

14.48.8

13.610

17.415.4

25.416.8

1511.6

27.114.9

26.611.2

22.59.8

25.514.9

34.312.8

27.77.8

32.89

3

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

3,7 /.

, %

1 2

0.731.75

1.541.962.34

12.22.4

1.551.7

0.60.71.4

0.30.6

000

000

000

000

000

000

1

2

, %

Crepis tectorum L. () ()

1

0.30.6

5.94

2623.9

57.748

87.261.2

,

, %

1

0103060100

0.35.92657.787.2

0.6423.94861.2

1

00

00

00

00

00

,

, %

2

010203060100150

0.62.99.512.448.676

-10.746.89.930.967.888.3

-21.44.26.314.929.763.885

3

- : , ,

A. septentrinalis L. () ()

1

70.8

27.9

27.9

17.7

5.3

, /

, %

1

Draba nemorosa L.

0.018

0.1580.45

0.1950.039

0.330.805

0.40.451

0.910.479

1

Draba nemorosa L.

, /

, %

Draba nemorosa L.

2

, /A. septentrinalis L.

00.048

0.1970.175

0.2160.109

0.4330.124

1.10.529

1.240.491

2

00

00

00

00

00

00


, /

, %

Androsace septentrionalis L.

6

0

0

0

0

0

0


, /

, %

R = 0,96

3

1 2

11

2-0.64145425061

, /

0.19715.8

0.19716.7

0.21612.5

0.21630

0.3727.9

0.41827.9

0.43318.7

0.55317.7

1.215.3

1.248070.8

0.3727.9

0.4227.9

0.5517.7

1.215.3

0

0

0

0

0

, /

, %

1957-1960 . 1965 . 1975 . 1980 .

() - () Sod2 . scbiosa L.

I0,2106 /2III140106 /2ff0,3800,4250,1040,128fs0,5440,4540,5090,460ss0,0760,1210,3870,412 f0,6520,358s0,3480,642N79106

(Centaurea scabiosa L.) Lap

Lap C. scabiosa L., . 1979, 1982 1986

IIIIIIa0,260,340,270,17b0,650,590,500,61c0,090,070,130,12a0,0010,0010,020,01b0,010,01c0,0020,0030,070,08N970398390705

C. scabiosa L. ( )

WWaa2224,80,893120,31,53bb174168,61,03287282,51,02ab124136,90,91102153,60,66ac65,81,031813,41,34bc1212,01,005459,30,91bb0--14,40,23ba0--77,50,93bc02,1-12270,41,73ac0--5632,01,75cc0--1010,10,99aa0--02,7-bc0--37,40,41cc0--213,70,15

1957-1960 . 1965 . 1975 . 1980 . .

: (Hypochoeris maculate L.): - 55 /2, 50 - : ,

- : , , () 40% L1-S - (P=510-4): L1-S 26 , -

t/tt/++/+282260,211,6224,2

( ) 10-

, 1987

, 1988

( ) 10- 1986-87 ()

: , 2007

- 1986 1987, 2004 2005, , -1500 0,2 F0F2F1

2- (F2)

. 012345678F0 -1986F1 - 1997F2 - 2004 , %0.5-1.0 5-10 10-20 >20

( ) 10- 1986-87 () 1988 . .

(f : s) P. sylvestris L.,

, 106 /20,2-0,41,5-2,02,5-3,03,5-4,018,5-20Got164:560,5019:6122,05Got242:420128:1461,18300:41217,62198:2070,20186:1870,00114:30284,96Got395:1141,72311:2970,32340:3711,35182:1483,50136:1250,4662:874,19Est216:335,90Est3109:1010,30165:1680,0371:542,3164:710,36155:24821,4640:420,05Adh1188:1700,90302:3230,71235:3018,13173:1442,65132:1320112:1120Adh2155:1500,08225:2060,8466:893,41131:7912,88203:29416,6672:1097,56Gdh121:1160,10153:1500,03183:2489,8037:330,23163:1790,7597:831,10Mdh260:500,9117:324,60

. . .

: ( 5 ) .

, .

XX 1986 - . 50 . . 200 . 2 0,2 / (10 )1979 - --, , 1984 - () - . . 30 1957 - (), , . 500 2 , 131J 1957 - ( .). 2,5 . . 15 . 2. - ()1950 - . ( ., ). . 2,7 . ?1945

30- :100 . 90 . 175 . : , , , , . :

1949-1951 . , 2,7 . ., , 30- :17 . 1,5 . 1,5 ( )7 .

1995 - - : 9 125 . 1998 - : 2,5 . 1800 , 1993 - : 800 . ( )

: .. !..

00,050,10,150,20,250,30,351986198719901991199219931994199519961997199819992000-20012002-200320042006-2007 100 100 , . 20 -

. (-16) 00,0010,0020,0030,0040-0,50,5-11-1,5 , ,

:

STR (short tandem repeats) (ATG)n , n=10100. 10 .

VNTR (variable number of tandem repeats) (ATTCGAACCGGTT)n , n=10200 n . 10% !

- , , , ( ),

- , . (=0,03)

VNTR (7 ) B6.72114787CEB11812719113CEB1521324107CEB2551332109CEB36198191MS131465117MS3101481118MS3201493119311044428612.9%4.9%

- - .

STR (11 ) (25 ) (28 )VNTR(5 ) (25 ) (28 )D3S135810D1S8000LPL20ApoB10VWA03D17S503D5S81802IgH02D19S43300D1S11110FGA01SE3303D18S5100Penta E10Penta D01CSF1PO0341324

, 1 : 1 1000 0,20,5 , ( - )

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Генетические последствия техногенных катастроф