DNARNA

(gene)----RNADNA..,,DNADNA

DNA

RNA

1958F.CrickRNA

DNADNADNADNARNA RNADNARNADNADNADNA

DNADNADNA

1.413dNTP(dATP,dGTP,dCTP,dTTP)DNARNA)DNADNADNADNA)RNADNA DNASSBRPA DNAligase)

DNA4dNTPDNAdNTP 3OH(RNA)5 3DNA

2.DNA

(Replicon)::DNA

50000bp/min3000bp/min

DNA(1)1958MeselsonStahl14N15NCsClDNA

DNA(2)1963Cairns3HDNADNA

19681Kb-2Kb 100-200bpRNA

DNAdNTP35DNA

3.DNA(1)(2)(3)

DNARNADNA35

RNARNADNARNA(reverse transcriptase, RT) RNADNARNase H RNA/DNA RNADNA DNADNADNA3`5`

cDNAmRNAmRNADNAmRNADNA(cDNA)cDNA(cDNA library)

RNADNADNARNARNADNARNARNARNA,RNARNA

DNARNANTPATPGTPCTPUTPRNA53 DNA DNARNA35

RNA473RNArRNAtRNA(1)rRNARNase(2)tRNARNAase PRNARNAtRNA3tRNA3CCAOH3mRNA

RNA(1)rRNA(rRNArRNARNAsnoRNA)rRNA(2)tRNAtRNA(3)mRNAhnRNARNA)

mRNAhnRNARNA)5 m7G5ppp5 Np-3 poly(A)

RNARNA 491RNARNARNARNARNARNARNA

DNADNADNA cDNA4362,45,610,11,13,14 5032,18

GTP

TranslationmRNAtRNA,mRNA

1. 511mRNA5 3(1961) mRNA3

2.513UAGUGAUAA AUGmRNAtRNA

mRNA tRNA GTPATP( )Mg2+K+-tRNA

1.mRNADNAmRNA

mRNASDAUG10SD16SRNA37AUG

2.tRNAmRNA3-CCA-tRNA ()

tRNA Phe

3. 522ribosome (rRNA)

mRNAAacceptor site)P(donor site ).GTP

4.tRNA

1.(-tRNA())2.

mRNAmRNA53NC

GTP1-tRNAATPGTPGDPGTPGDPGTPGDPGTPGDP

GGTPGTP GDP

30ATP?

mRNA

AUG20 (N)(SRP)(SRP)

1

2

3

SD3382,79375355162,55373,45,67,8

(origin of replication, ori):DNA 200bp(ori C245 bp)( terminate of replication, ter)DACB23bpTusterminator utilization substance

DNA1Kb-2Kb 100-200bp1964TeminRousRNADNA RNARNADNATeminDRNARNA RNATeminDNARNA1970Temin RouseBaltimore

mRNADNA(cDNA)cDNA(cDNA library): mRNA