高考阅读理解专项 --- 讲、练、评方法与策略

漳州实验中学 漳州实验中学 李彩玲李彩玲

2200-2400 words

20 questions

5 typical types

The most The most difficult taskdifficult task

Ⅰ 、主旨归纳题 (questions of main idea) Ⅱ 、词义猜测题 (words in context)Ⅲ 、推理判断题 (questions of inference)Ⅳ 、细节理解题 (questions of details)Ⅴ 、篇章结构题 (questions of structure)

ⅠⅠ 、主旨归纳题、主旨归纳题 (questions of main idea) (questions of main idea) ⅡⅡ 、词义猜测题、词义猜测题 (words in context)(words in context)ⅢⅢ 、推理判断题、推理判断题 (questions of inference) (questions of inference) Ⅳ 、细节理解题 (questions of details)Ⅴ 、篇章结构题 (questions of structure)

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LOGOⅠ. Main idea

主旨归纳题Question forms:段落大意、全文大意 :1.The second paragraph is mainly about ____. 2.What is stressed in the last paragraph?3.The subject/ main idea of the passage is ____.目的主旨 : 5.The passage is meant to _____. 6.The purpose of the passage is to ____.标题主旨 :7.The best title/ headline for the passage is _____.

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Ⅰ. Main idea

主旨归纳题

解题技巧：

关注关注首尾、黑体、高频词首尾、黑体、高频词

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Underline the topic sentences

of Passages1-2 and choose the

best answer to Passage 3.

Practice:Practice: (4.5mins)

Passage 1 Smoking cigarettes is harmful to your

health. Experiments show that cigarette smoking can cause cancer. Besides the most serious and terrible disease(illness), cancer, cigarette smoking also can cause other health problems. For example, it can give one a “smoker’s cough”. Finally, studies have shown it is easy for cigarette smokers to catch colds. Whether you get an unimportant cold or terrible killer, cancer, smoking is harmful. Is it worth it?

Smoking cigarettes is harmful to your health.Practice ：

段首：论点—论据段首：论点—论据 (…show…/ for example)(…show…/ for example)

Passage 2 Often no one looks more guilty than

the innocent. On the other hand, nobody may look more innocent than a professi-

-onal criminal. And the man who knows “everything” may really only be trying to

hide his own weakness. So, it is foolish to

try to judge a person only by his appearance.

So, it is foolish to

try to judge a person only by his appearance

段尾：论据—论点段尾：论据—论点 (Therefore/Consequently or (Therefore/Consequently or However/While/In fact…)However/While/In fact…)

Passage 3 Tom studied four years at the University of Paris and decided to leave before his graduation. He transferred to the University of Berlin and graduated with honors. Harvard Law School and, later, Boston College provided him with an excellent legal background. He is presently a corporation lawyer in Miami, Florida. 59.The main idea of this paragraph is that ______.A. Tom, who had studied at Paris Universities for four years, moved to another university.B. Tom became a lawyer since his graduation from Harvard Law School.C. Tom was an excellent student when he studied at Berlin University.D. Tom received an excellent education.

the University of Paris

the University of Berlin Harvard Law School Boston College

DD

A,B,C too detailed

D.general

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Tips on Tips on questions of main idea ：

Think in general and thoughtfully !

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LOGOⅡ. Words in context词义猜测题解题技巧：解题技巧： 1. 1. 锁定所在句子或段落；锁定所在句子或段落； 2. 2. 理清句子间关系；理清句子间关系； 3. 3. 从上下文解释或构词法入手。从上下文解释或构词法入手。

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Practice: （ 4 mins ）Passage 4: 生词

Passage 5: 短语

11 年质检卷阅读理解 A 篇 57 题

　 4. The house looked quite normal outside, but inside it was very exotic with fascinating objects on display. As he began putting them into his bag, a dog came into the room. It stopped when it saw Buster, then wagged its tail madly and went over to him, licking ( 舔 ) his outstretched hand. “Good boy,” Buster whispered. “What a great guard dog you are---trying to lick me to death.”

Which of the definitions is closest in meaning to the word “exotic” in the third paragraph? ________

A. Messy and untidy. 　　　 B. Rich and expensive. C. Comfortable and calming D. Foreign and unusual.

DD

butbut 前后对比的关系前后对比的关系

5. Ninety-two percent of female small business owners say that mobile equipment and computer software can help a mom entrepreneur ( 企业家 ) make her own hours and work whenever she is most productive. In fact, ninety-five percent agree that small business owners need to be more technology-savvy than ever before. The more technology they master, the more successfully they will run their businesses. 57. The underlined part “be more technology -

savvy ” in Paragraph 5 means “ _______”

A. save more hours for technology B. spend less money on technology C. have a better knowledge of technology D. find better balance in technical field

CC上下文的解释上下文的解释

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Tips on Tips on words words in contextin context ： ：

Be calm and alert !

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LOGOⅢⅢ. Questions of . Questions of inferenceinference

The writer intends to tell us_______.The writer’s attitude towards…is ___ .The first paragraph serves as _____ . The paragraph following the passage will most probably be _____.The passage is taken out of ____?The story suggests that _______ .It can be inferred/concluded from thepassage that ____ .

Question forms:

推理判断题

意图推断 :态度判断 :写作手法 :内容推理 :

文体出处 : 隐含意义 :

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LOGOⅢ. Questions of inference推理判断题解题技巧： 1. 忠于原文但不照搬原文； 2. 把握文意和结构，合理推理。

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Passage 6: 文体出处 12 年高考卷阅读理解 B 篇 62 题Passage 7: 态度判断 10 年北京卷阅读理解 A 篇 56 题Passage 8: 隐含意义 11 年质检卷阅读理解 B 篇 62 题

Practice:Practice: （ 6 mins ）

6. “You may wonder, Sir Percival,’’ said Laura calmly, “if I am going to ask to be released ( 免除 ) from my promise to marry you. I am not going to ask this. I respect my father’s wishes too much.” His face relaxed a little, but one of his feet kept beating the carpet. “No, if we are going to withdraw from our planned marriage, it will be because of your wish, not mine.” “Mine?” he said in great surprise. “What reason could I have for withdrawing?”“A reason that is very hard to tell you,” she answered. “There is a change in me. ” His face went so pale that even his lips lost their color. He turned his head to one side.“What change?” he asked, trying to appear calm.

62.The passage is probably taken out of .A. a novel B. a report C. a diary D. an essay

AA

6. 6. ““You may wonder, Sir Percival,You may wonder, Sir Percival,’’ ’’ said Laura calmly, said Laura calmly, ““if I am going to ask to be released if I am going to ask to be released (( 免除免除 ) ) from my from my promise to mapromise to marrrry you. I am not going to ask this. I y you. I am not going to ask this. I respect my fatherrespect my father’’s wishes too muchs wishes too much..”” His face relaxed a little, but one of his feet kept beating His face relaxed a little, but one of his feet kept beating the carpet. the carpet. ““No, if we are going to withdrawNo, if we are going to withdraw from our planned from our planned marriage, it will be because of your wish, not mine.marriage, it will be because of your wish, not mine.”” ““Mine?Mine?”” he said in great surprise. he said in great surprise. ““What reason could I What reason could I have for withdrawing?have for withdrawing?””““A reason that is very hard to tell you,A reason that is very hard to tell you,”” she answered. she answered. ““There is a change in me. There is a change in me. ”” His face went so pale that even his lips lost their color. His face went so pale that even his lips lost their color. He turned his head to one side.He turned his head to one side.““What change?What change?”” he asked, trying to appear calm. he asked, trying to appear calm.

还有些文本出自报纸、杂志、网页、还有些文本出自报纸、杂志、网页、

旅行指南或报纸的某一栏目……旅行指南或报纸的某一栏目……

7.Goldie turned up at the doorstep of my house in Cornwall. No way could I have sent her away. No way, not me anyway. Maybe someone had kicked her out of their car the night before. “We’re moving house.” “No space for her any more with the baby coming.” “We never really wanted her, but what could we have done? She was a present.” People find all sorts of excuses for abandoning ( 遗弃 ) an animal. And she was one of the most beautiful dogs I had ever seen.

56. How did the author feel about Goldie when Goldie came to the house? _________. A. Shocked B. Sympathetic C. Annoyed D. Upset

BBB. Sympathetic

8. Although some weather companies predicted an extremely hot barbecue summer, it was only 0.6℃ above average across the UK. Even so, for the first half of this summer Glastonbury enjoyed a mud-free festival and Wimbledon remained hot and dry. It may not have broken any temperature records, but there were plenty of barbecues this summer. 62.What can be inferred from the last paragraph _____

A. People in Glastonbury celebrated a mud festival freely. B. Some weather companies did not give an accurate forecast. C. The temperature this summer was much higher than average. D. The extreme hot weather this summer led to fewer barbecues.

BBcelebrated a mud festival freely 偷换概念

Although some weather companies predicted an extremely hot barbecue summer, it was only 0.6℃ above average across the UK

张冠李戴无中生有夸大其词照搬原文…

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Tips on Tips on questions questions of inferenceof inference ： ：

Put ourselves in the

writer’s shoes !

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Training Suggestions:

Ⅰ. Memorize enough words.Ⅱ. Analyze long sentences. Ⅲ. Practice in limited time.Ⅳ. Read to broaden our views and build up background knowledge.

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Homework:1.Revise and master the different skills of

reading comprehension by going through the questions answered in class.

2.Finish 10 年省高考卷 B 篇 to consolidate the skills of reading comprehension.

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Show yourself off Show yourself off !!

Read the passage and choose the best answer: （ 6 mins ）

Passage 9: 10 年高考卷阅读理解 B 篇

Keys: Keys: 60.C 61.B 62.D 63.A

Para1 ： Forget Twitter and Facebook, Google and the Kindle. Television is still the most influential medium around. Indeed ,for many of the poorest regions( 地区 )of the world, it remains the next big thing——finally becomes globally available. And that is a good thing, because the TV revolution is changing lives for the better.

Para4 ： Too much TV has been associated with violence, overweight and loneliness. However, TV is having a positive influence on the lives of billions worldwide.

( 标题主旨题 ) 60.What would be the best title fo

r the passage? A.TV Will Rule the World

B.TV Will Disturb the World C.TV Will Better the World

D.TV Will Remain in World

C.TV Will Better the World

Five million more families in sub-Saharan Africa will get a TV over the next five years. In 2005 , after the fall of the Taliban （塔利班） , which had outlawed TV, 1 in 5 Afghans had one. The global total is another 150 million by 2013——pushing the numbers to well beyond two thirds of families.

( 词义猜测题 )61. The underlined word “outlawed” in paragraph 2 probably means “ ”.

A. allowed B. banned

C. offered D. refused

outlawedoutlawed

B. bannedB. banned

构词法 + 背景知识

Across the developing world, around 45% of families had a TV in 1995; by 2005 the number had climbed above 60%. That is some way behind the U.S. , where are more TVs than people, and where people now easily get access to the Internet. Five million more families in sub-Saharan Africa will get a TV over the next five years. In 2005 , after the fall of the Taliban （塔利班） ,which had outlawed TV, 1 in 5 Afghans had one. The global total is another 150 million by 2013——pushing the numbers to well beyond two thirds of families.

( 细节理解题 )62.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Americans used to get access to the Internet easily.B. The world’s TV sets will total 150 million by 2013.C. 45% of families in the developing countries had a TV

in 2005.D. Over two thirds of families in the world will have a T

V by 2013.

Across the developing world, around 45% of families had a TV in 1995; by 2005 the number had climbed above 60%. That is some way behind the U.S. , where are more TVs than people, and where people now easily get access to the Internet. Five million more families in sub-Saharan Africa will get a TV over the next five years. In 2005 , after the fall of the Taliban （塔利班） ,which had outlawed TV, 1 in 5 Afghans had one. The global total is another 150 million by 2013——pushing the numbers to well beyond two thirds of families.

Para1: Forget Twitter and Facebook, Google and the Kindle. Television is still the most influential medium around. Indeed, for many of the poorest regions( 地区 )of the world, it remains the next big thing——finally becomes globally available. And that is a good thing, because the TV revolution is changing lives for the better.

Para2: Too much TV has been associated with violence, overweight and loneliness. However, TV is having a positive influence on the lives of billions worldwide.

( 意图推断题 )63. The author intends to .A. stress the advantages of TV to people’s lives B. persuade women to become more independent C. encourage people to improve their reading skills D. introduce the readers some websites such as Google

Television is still the most influential medium around.

The TV revolution is changing lives for the better.

TV is having a positive influence on the lives of billions worldwide.

A. stress the advantages of TV to people’s lives