Sola dosis facit venenum toksikon () + logos () , , , , .

, , , .- - ;;, , - () , ,

- , , , . - , . , . , , .Venom Botulinum neurotoxinTetanus toxinStaphylococcal toxinsAnthrax toxin4 , ( ) . , Hazard, - ( ) . , ,

g/kg t.m mg/kg t.m TD- LD- LD50 50 % .

: , , , , ,

1. 1 / 2. 1-50 /3. /4 0.5- 5 /5 5-15/6 15 /kg - , TC ( ) LC ( )LC 50 - - 50 % . , , mg/m3, mg/L, g/g ( ppm).

,30 1-3 3

NOEL no effect level- , - . .DDD- - , , .MKD- TDL0- TCLo- LDLo- LCLo

,, ,

V.S -

1+2=5 ?????????????????? . . () .

ppm- parts per million ppb- parts per bilionppt- parts per trilion *

1ppm= 1mg/kg=1mg/1000 g= 1mg/1 000 000 mg % ppm 4 0.0004 % = 4 ppm ppm 50 ppm = 0.005% ppb -

1 ppb =0.001 ppm10 ppb = 0.01 ppm100ppb = 0.1 ppm 1000 ppb= 1 ppmThe number of parts-per million xppm is equal to the number of parts-per billion xppb divided by 1000:xppm = xppb / 1000 . 100 mg , 700 mg . 5.4 kg 25 mg/kg . 5.4 kg 25mg/kg .=135 mg 100mg 100m g/kg , 500mg/kg - 20 - 100 100 a

3