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Practical

JapaneseYour Guide to Speaking Japanese

Quickly and Effortlessly in a Few Hours

by Jun Maeda

T U T T L E P U B L I S H I N GTokyo Rutland, Vermont Singapore

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Published by Tuttle Publishing, an imprint of Periplus Editions (HK) Ltd., with editori

offices at 364 Innovation Drive, North Clarendon, VT 05759 and 61 Tai Seng Avenue, #02-1

Singapore 534167.

Copyright 1965 and 2006 by Charles E. Tuttle Publishing Company, Limited All righ

reserved.

Library of Congress Catalog No. 64-24949ISBN: 978-1-4629-1198-1 (ebook)

Previously published in 2004 as Let's Study Japanese ISBN: 0-8048-0362-5.

Printed in Singapore

Distributed by:

Japan

Tuttle Publishing, Yaekari Building, 3rd Floor

5-4-12 Osaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141-0032

Tel: (03) 5437-0171; Fax: (03) 5437-0755

Email: [email protected]

North America, Latin America & Europe

Tuttle Publishing, 364 Innovation Drive

North Clarendon, VT 05759-9436

Tel: (802) 773-8930; Fax: (802) 773 6993


Asia Pacific

Berkeley Books Pte Ltd, 61 Tai Seng Avenue

#02-12, Singapore 534167

Tel: (65) 6280 1330; Fax: (65) 6280 6290


ww.periplus.com

13 12 11 10

7 6 5 4 3

TUTTLE PUBLISHING is a registered trademark of Tuttle Publishing, a division of Peripl

Editions (HK) Ltd.

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Contents

Foreword

A guide to pronunciation

Basic Japanese sounds

Lesson 1: What is this?

Lesson 2:Where are you going?

Lesson 3:Can you do it?

Lesson 4:Do you have it?

Lesson 5:Do you like it?

Lesson 6:Please and thank you

Lesson 7:NumbersLesson 8:What time is it?

Lesson 9:What day isit?

Lesson 10:Seasons and months

Lesson 11:Greetings and expressions

Lesson 12:Food and eating

Lesson 13:How is theweather?

Lesson 14:ReviewLesson 15:Let's go shopping!

Lesson 16:How are you feeling?

Lesson 17:Body parts

Lesson 18:You and I, your and my

Lesson 19:This and that

Lesson 20:Adjectives

Lesson 21:Adverbs

Lesson 22:Many and much, little and few

Lesson 23:Where is it?

Lesson 24:Let's make a phone call!

Lesson 25:A Japanese game and a song

Vocabulary List

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Foreword

In this modern jet age, one can reach any part of the world within a day or less. Althoug

English is widely spoken, it is very helpful to have some knowledge of the language of th

country which you are visiting in order to make your trip more enjoyable by communicatin

ith the local people and understanding their culture.Intended for beginners who wish to learn to speak very basic Japanese in just a few hour

this book is written in a clear and simple yet versatile way. With approximately 350 bas

ords and examples of how they are used in practical conversational speech, one can acqui

a fundamental working knowledge of Japanese from this book, so you can express yourself

simple Japanese sentences.

This book has several exercises for each lesson. And, to get acquainted with Japane

culture, the student may enjoy the photos which the author has provided as a visual ai

Complicated grammatical explanations are omitted, since detailed explanations sometim

discourage people from actually speaking. Only the essential points in pronunciation angrammar are given, and the phrases and the sentences are repeatedly presented in each lesso

so that the student can easily learn the phrases and practice using them without hesitancy

discouragement.

The author hopes that the tourist as well as the student or prospective foreign resident

Japan, young or old, may find this book a helpful and enjoyable tool in approaching th

Japanese language for the first time.

Jun Mae

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A guide to pronunciation

There are five vowels in Japanese: a, i, u, e, o,all of which have both short and long soundas noted below. The long or double vowels are written with a macron (bar) over them. The

vowels when used together with different consonants, make up new sounds. The consonants

l,q,v,andxdo not appear, although ch (as in church) does. The vowels are pronounced follows (those that are doabled or have a line over them are longer):

long a,pronounced ah,approximately as in father

a same sound but shorter

ii long i,pronounced ee, approximately as eein meet

i same sound but shorter

long u,pronounced oo, approximately as oo in root

u same sound but shorter, as oo in wood long e,pronounced eh,approximately as in bed

e same sound but shorter

long o,pronounced oh,approximately as in tone

o same sound but shorter

Japanese consonants have virtually the same sounds as in English, except that the g

always hard (as in get) and the ris a sound between the English randI.Double consonants,

injetto (jet plane), irasshaimase (welcome, please come in), and suitchi (switch) must pronounced clearly twice, just as in English bookkeeper (double k)and penknife" (doub

n). Each syllable in a Japanese word is in general pronounced distinctly, although in fair

rapid speech iand uare often shortened or omitted altogether, so that desu(am, is, are) soun

like dess, deshita (was, were) like desh'ta, and arimasuka (is there?, are there?) likarimas'ka.In this book therefore, the iand uare often omitted from the examples. The acce

in Japanese is slight and almost monotonous. However, an emphasis in pitch and vowel leng

on particular syllables can often create a different meaninge. g., hashi (chopsticks) an

hashi(bridge), kaki(oyster) and kaki(persimmon).

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BASIC JAPANESE SOUNDS

Vowels a i u e o

(ah) (ee) (oo) (eh) (oh)

Consonants ka ki ku < ke ko + vowels sa shi su se so

ta chi tsu "J te to

na ni nu ne no

ha hi fu he ho

ma mi mu me mo

ya i yu e X yo

ra ri ru re ro wa i u e o

n

ga gi gu ge go

za ji zu ze zo

da ji zu de do

ba bi bu be bo

pa pi pu pe po

kya kyu kyo

sha shu sho

cha chu cho

pya pyu pyo

nya nyu nyo

mya myu myo

rya ryu ryo

hya hyu hyo gya gyu gyo

bya byu byo

ja ju jo

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PHRASES

Kore-wa nan dess-ka? What is this? (literally:Thiswhatis?)

Kore-wa hon dess, This is a book. (literally:Thisbookis.)

Kore-wa empitsu dess, This is a pencil. (literally:Thispencilis.)

Kore-wa inu dess. .This is a dog. (literally:This-dog-is.")

Kore-wa hana dess. This is a flower. (These are flowers.) (literally:Thisfloweris.

Kore-wajidosha dess-ka? Is this a car? (Adding -kaat the end makes it a question.) (literally:Thiscaris?)

Hai, s dess,.Yes, it is (exactly so).

Kore-wa hikki dess-ka? Is this an airplane? (literally:Thisairplaneis?)

lie, s de-wa anmasen, No, it is not.

Kore-wa inu dess-ka? Is this a dog?

lie, s de-wa arimasen., .No, it is not.

Kore-wa hana dess-ka? Is this a flower? (Are these flowers?)

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Iie, s de-wa arimasen. Kore-wa kudamono dess.

,No, it is not. (No, they are not.) This is a fruit.

Kore-wa kutsu dess-ka? Are these shoes?

lie, kore-wa geta dess.,

No, these are wooden clogs.

NOTE: In Japanese the same form of a noun or verb can be either singular or plural. Thcontext usually makes clear what is meant. Occasionally, when it is necessary to be qui

explicit, a pluralizing suffix can be added to nouns (and is frequently added to pronouns), but

is not essential for the beginner to be concerned about this usage now.

EXERCISES

Refer to the pictures on the right and fill in the blanks.

1. Kore-wa______________dess.

This is a pencil.

2. ______________ jidsha dess.

This is a car.

3. _____________ _____________ dess.

This is a book.

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4. _____________ _____________ dess.

This is a dog.

5. Kore-wa hana dess-ka?

Is this a flower?

Iie, kore-wa_____________ dess.

No, this is a fruit.

6. Kore-wa kudamono_____________?

Is this a fruit?

Iie, kore-wa_____________dess.

No, this is a flower.

7. Kore-wa jidsha dess-ka?

Is this a car?

Iie, sde-wa_____________.

No, it is not.

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Kore-wa_____________dess.

This is a airplane.

8. Kore-wa geta dess-ka?

Are these wooden clogs?

Iie, kore-wa_____________dess.

No, these are shoes.

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PHRASES

Anata-wa doko-e ikimahss-ka (yukimahss-ka)?

Where are you going? (literally:"You where-to go?")

Watashi-wa Tky Eki-e ikimahss. I am going to Tokyo Station. (literally:"I Tokyo Station-to go.")

Watashi-wa hoteru-e ikimahss..I am going to the hotel.

Watashi-wa uchi-e ikimahss. I am going home.

Watashi-wa kk-e ikimahss. .I am going to the airport.

Doko dess-ka? Where is it?

Koko dess. (Koko-ni arimahss.) .Here it is. (Right here.)

Soko dess. (Soko-ni arimahss.) There it is. (Right over there.)

Nimotsu-wa doko dess-ka?

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Where is the luggage (or package)? (literally:"Luggagewhereisit?")

Shimbun-wa doko dess-ka? Where is the newspaper?

Hoteru doko dess-ka? Where is the hotel?

Pen-wa doko dess-ka? Where is the pen?

Basutei-wa aoko dess-kar Where is the bus stop?

EXERCISES


1. Watashi-wa__________ikimahss.

I am going home.


I am going to Tokyo Station.


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I am going to the hotel.

4. Pen-wa__________dess-ka?Where is the pen?

__________dess.

It is here.

5. Nimotsu-wa doko__________

Where is the luggage?

__________dess.

There it is.

6. __________doko dess-ka?

Where is the room?

__________dess.

Here it is.

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7. Shimbun-wa__________dess-ka?

Where is the newspaper?

Soko__________.

Here it is.


I am going to the subway station.


I am going to my office.

10 . __________doko dess-ka?

Where is the restaurant?

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LESSON 3

Can you do it?

VOCABULARY

pianopiano

gorufugolf

NihonJapan

-o(suffix to indicate that a word is the object of the sentence)

iku-koto going, to go (noun form)

kuru-kotocoming, to come (noun form)

dekimahssto be able, can (speak, read, write, etc.)

dekimasennot able to,cannot (speak, read, write, etc.)

-ga(suffix to indicate when a word is secondary the subject of a sentence)

Nihon ryriJapanese food (dishes, cooking)

PHRASES

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Anata-wa dekimahss-ka? Are you able (to speak, read, write, etc.)? Can you (do it)?

Hai, dekimahss, Yes, I can.

Iie, dekimasen. No, I can't.

Anata-wa Eigo-ga dekimahss-ka? Can you speak English? (literally:You-English-can?")

Anata-wa Nihongo-ga dekimahss-ka?

Can you speak Japanese?

Anata-wa ryri-ga dekimahss-ka? ?Can you cook? (literally:lou-cooking-can?")

Anata-wa yomu-koto-ga dekimahss-ka? Can you read?

Anata-wa Nihongo-o kaku-koto-ga dekimahss-ka?

Can you write Japanese? (literally:You-Japanese-writing-can?")

Anata-wa Nihon ryri-o taberu-koto-ga dekimahss-ka?

Can you eat Japanese food? (literally: "You-Japanese-food-eating-can?")

EXERCISES

Answer the question in Japanese.

1. Anata-wa Eigo-ga dekimahss-ka?Can you speak English?

__________,__________.Yes, I can.

2. Anata-wa Nihongo-ga dekimahss-ka?Can you speak Japanese?

__________,__________.No, I can't.

3. Anata-wa gorufu-ga dekimahss-ka?Can you play golf?

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__________,__________.Yes, I can.

4. Anata-wa piano-ga________Can you play the piano?

__________,__________.No, I cannot.

5. Anata-wa Nihongo-o yomu-koto-ga dekimahss-ka?

Can you read Japanese?

__________,__________.No, I can't.

6. _________Eigo-o kaku-koto-ga dekimahss-ka?

Can you write English?

__________,__________.Yes, I can.

7. Anata-wa Nihon ryri-o taberu-koto-ga dekimahss-ka?

Can you eat Japanese food?

__________,__________.Yes, I can.

8. Anata-wa Nihon-e iku-koto-ga dekimahss-ka?

Can you go to Japan?

__________,__________.Yes, I can.

9. Anata-wa uchi-e kuru-koto-ga dekimahss-ka?

Can you come home?

__________,__________.No, I cannot.

10. Anata-wa hoteru-e iku-koto-ga dekimahss-ka?

Can you go to the hotel?

__________,__________.Yes, I can.

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LESSON 4

Do you have it?

VOCABULARY

motte-imahssto have, possess

motte-imasenhaven't, don't have

PHRASES

Anata-wa X-o motte-imahss-ka?X Do you have X?

Hai, motte-imahss. .Yes, Ihave.

lie, motte-imasen. .No, Idon't have.

Anata-wa kippu-o motte-imahss-ka?

Do you have a ticket? (literally:Youtickethave?")

Anata-wa tokei-o motte-imahss-ka?

Do you have a watch (clock)?

Anata-wa bshi-o motte-imahss-ka?

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Do you have a hat?

Anata-wa keitai denwa motte-imahss-ka?

Do you have a cell phone?

Anata-wa kasa-o motte-imahss-ka?

Do you have an umbrella?

EXERCISES


1. Anata-wa kasa-o motte-imahss-ka?


Hai,__________.

Yes, I have.

2. Anata-wa tokei-o__________

Do you have a watch?

Hai,__________.Yes, I have.

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3. __________keitai denwa-o motte-imahss-ka?


Iie,__________.

No, I don't

4. Anata-wa pen-o__________

Do you have a pen?

__________ __________.

Yes, I have.

5. __________boshi-o motte-imahss-ka?

Do you have a hat?

__________ __________.

No, I don't.

6. Anata-wa__________ motte-imahss-ka?

Do you have a ticket?

__________ __________.

Yes, I have.

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7.Anata-wa keitai denwa-o__________


__________ __________.

Yes, I have.

8. Anata-wa__________motte-imahss-ka?


__________ __________.

No, I don't.

9. Anata-wa uwagi-o__________

Do you have a jacket (coat)?

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LESSON 5

Do you like it?

VOCABULARY

sukilike, likes

kiraidislike, dislikes

PHRASES

Anata-wa X-ga suki dess-ka?X Do you like X? (literally: You-X-like?)

Hai, suki dess., .Yes, I do. (literally: Yes-I-like-it.")

lie, suki de-wa arimasen.

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No, I don't, (literally: "No, -like-is-not.")

Kirai dess. I dislike it. (literally: Dislike-is.)

Anata-wa soba-ga suki dess-ka?

Do you like noodles?

Anata-wa ongaku-ga suki dess-ka? Do you like music? (literally:"Youmusiclikeisit?")

Anata-wa sushi-ga suki dess-ka?

Do you like sushi?

Anata-wa sake-ga suki dess-ka?

Do you like sake?

EXERCISES

Answer the questions.

1. Anata-wa gohan-ga suki dess-ka?

Do you like cooked rice?

___________ ___________ __________ .

2. Anata-wa sushi-ga suki dess-ka?

Do you like sushi?

___________ ___________ __________ .

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3. Anata-wa soba-ga suki dess-ka?

Do you like noodles?

___________ ___________ __________ .

4. Anata-wa khii-ga suki dess-ka?Do you like coffee?

___________ ___________ __________ .

5. Anata-wa shinkansen-ga suki dess-ka?

Do you like bullet train?

___________ ___________ __________ .

6. Anata-wa o-cha-ga suki dess-ka?

Do you like (Japanese) tea?

___________ ___________ __________ .

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7. Anata-wa ongaku-ga suki dess-ka?

Do you like music?

___________ ___________ __________ .

8. Anata-wa sashimi-ga suki dess-ka?Do you like sashimi?

___________ ___________ __________ .

9. Anata-wa sake-ga suki dess-ka?

Do you like sake?

___________ ___________ __________ .

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LESSON 6

Please and thank you

VOCABULARY

dzoplease

wata(k)shi-nito me

-nito, for, at, in (objective postposition)

... kudasai (please) give me

dmovery, very much

sumimasen (suimasen) sorry, Thank you.

arigat-gozaimahss, Thank you.

arigat(less formal) Thank you.

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PHRASES

Dzo watashi-ni X-o kudasai. X -Please give me X.

Dzo watashi-ni o-mizu-o kudasai.

,Please give me some (a drink of) water.

Dzo watashi-ni supn-o kudasai.

Please give me a spoon.

Dzo watashi-ni isu-o kudasai.

Please give me a chair.

Dzo watashi-ni kami-o kudasai. .Please give me sompaper.

Dzo watashi-ni taDako-o kudasai.

( .Please give me a cigarette.

Arigat -gozaimahss.-Thank you.

Dmo arigat -gozaimahss. .Thank you very much.

Dmo sumimasen (suimasen). .Thank you very much. (sometimes it means I'm sorry.)

EXERCISES

Refer to the pictures and fill in the blanks.

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1. Dzo watashi-ni__________kudasai.

Please give me a lighter.

Arigat-gozaimahss.

Thank you very much.

2. Dzo__________ __________.

Please give me a napkin.

Arigat-gozaimahss.


3. Dzo watashi-ni__________ kudasai.

Please give me a fork.

Arigat-gozaimahss.

___________________


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4. Dzo watashi-ni__________

Please give me a cigarette.


5. Dzo watashi-ni__________kudasai.

Please give me an ashtray.

Dmo__________.


6. Dzo__________ __________kudasai.

Please give me some water.

Dmo__________.


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LESSON 7

Numbers

VOCABULARY

1 ichi, hitotsu

2 ni, futatsu

3 san, mittsu

4 shi, yon, yottsu..

5 go, itsutsu

6 roku, muttsu

7 shichi, nana, nanatsu,

8 hachi, yattsu,

9 ku, ky, kokonotsu,

10 ju, to

NOTE :In the numbers from 1through 10,the second word given in each case is the numbused in referring to specific thingse. g., bshi hitotsu or hitotsu-no Doshi (one hat), i

futatsuor futatsu-no isu(two chairs), etc.

11 j-ichi

12 j-ni

13 j-san

14 j-shi, j-yon

15 j-go

16 j-roku

17 j-shichi, j-nana

18 j-hachi

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19 j-ku, j-ky

20 ni-j

21 ni-j-icni

30san-j

40 shi-j, yon-j

50 go-j

60 roku-j

70 nana-j, shichi-j

80 hachi-j

90 ky-j

100 hyaku

101 hyaku-ichi

150 hyaku -go-j

200 ni-hyaku

300sambyaku(n-hbecomes mb)

400 yon-hyaku

500 go-hyaku

600roppyaku

(ku+hbecomes pp)

700 nana-hyaku

800happyaku

(chi+hbecomes pp)

900 ky-hyaku

1000 sen

5000 go-sen

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10000 ichi-man 30000samman(n-mbecomes mm)

100, 000 j-man

1, 000, 000 hyaku-man

In counting people, the numbers are used as follows:

hitori one person

futari two persons, two people

san-ninthree people

o-ninfour people

go-ninfive people

roku-ninsix people

shichi-nin, nana-ninseven people

hachi-nineight people

ku-nin, ky-ninnine people

-ninten people

From 10 on, the suffix -ninis added to the number as given in the first table above, except th

ois always used instead of shifor 4 in counting people;hence ni-j-yo-nin:24 people.

EXERCISES

Read those numbers in Japanese.

1 ___________ 2 ___________ 3 __________

4 ___________ 5 ___________ 6 __________

7 ___________ 8 ___________ 9 __________

10 ___________ 20 ___________ 55 __________

70 ___________ 93 ___________ 100 __________

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120 ___________ 350 ___________ 510 __________

600 ___________ 650 ___________ 700 __________

830 ___________ 900 ___________ 980 __________

1000 ___________ 1500 ___________ 1950 __________

1964 ___________ 5000 ___________ 10000 __________

Counting those numbers in Japanese.

1 (one) _____________

2 (two) _____________

3 (three) _____________

4 (four) _____________

5 (five) _____________

6 (six) _____________

7 (seven) _____________ 8 (eight) _____________

9 (nine) _____________

10 (ten) _____________

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LESSON 8

What time is it?

VOCABULARY

nan-jiwhat time

-jihours, o'clock

ichi-ji1one o'clock

o-ji(yo,not shi,in telling time) four o'clock

hanhalf, half past

fun(pun) minute

ippun(chi+f becomes pp)1one minute

ni-fun2two minutes

sampun (n+fbecomes mp)3three minutes

ompun(n+f becomes mp) 4four minutes

go-fun5five minutes

roppun(ku+f becomes pp) 6six minutes

nana-fun7seven minutes

hachi-fun, happun8eight minutes

ky-fun9nine minutes

uppun (u+fbecomes upp)10ten minutes

-go-fun15fifteen minutes

m-juppun20twenty minutes

san-juppun30thirty minutes

sugiafter, past (in telling time)

maebefore, to (in telling time)

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EXERCISES

Tell the time in Japanese?

Draw clock hands referring to the time.

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LESSON 9

What day is it?

kytoday

nanwhat?

nichiday (of the month)

kinyesterday

deshitawas, were

asu, ashitatomorrow

biday of the week

shweek

konshthis week

senshlast week

raishnext week

kyjitsuholiday

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itsuka 5the fifth

muika 6the sixth

nanoka7the seventh

ka8the eighth

kokonoka9 (the ninth

tka10the tenth

-ichi nichi11)the eleventh

-ni nichi12the twelfth

-san nichi13the thirteenth

-yokka14the fourteenth

-go nichi15the fifteenth

-roku nichi16the sixteenth

-shichi nichi17the seventeenth

-hachi nichi18the eighteenth

-ku nichi19the nineteenth

hatsuka20(the twentieth

ni-j-ichi nichi21the twenty-first

ni-j-ni nichi22the twenty-second

ni-j-san nichi23the twenty-third

ni-j-yokka24

the twenty-fourthni-j-go nichi25the twenty-fifth

ni-j-roku nichi26the twenty-sixth

ni-j-shichi nichi27the twenty-seventh

ni-j-hachi nichi28the twenty-eighth

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ni-j-ku nichi29the twenty-ninth

san-j nicni30the thirtieth

san-j-ichi nichi31the thirty-first

PHRASES

Ky-wa nan ybi dess-ka? What day of the week is it today?

Ky-wa Getsu-ybi dess. .Today is Monday.

Kin-wa nan ybi deshita-ka? What day of the week was it yesterday?

Kin-wa Nichi-ybi deshita. Yesterday was Sunday.

Asu-wa nan ybi dess-ka? What day of the week is it tomorrow?

Asu-wa Ka-ybi dess. .Tomorrow is Tuesday.

EXERCISES

Refer to the calender on the above and fill in the blanks.

1. Nan nichi dess-ka?What is the date?

Ky-wa_________dess.It's the twelfth.

Kin-wa_________deshita. Asu-wa_________dess.

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Yesterday was the eleventh. Tomorrow is the thirteenth.

2. Nan ybi dess-ka?What day of the week is it?

Ky-wa_________dess.Today is Tuesday.

Kin-wa_________deshita.Yesterday was Monday.

Asu-wa_________dess.Tomorrow is Wednesday.


_________ni-j-shichi nichi dess.It's the twenty-seventh.

_________ni-j-roku nichi deshita.

Yesterday was the twenty-sixth._________ni-j-hachi nichi dess.

Tomorrow is the twenty-eighth.


Ky-wa_________dess.Today is Friday.

Kin-wa_________deshita.Yesterday was Thursday.

Asu-wa_________dess.Tomorrow is Saturday.

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Ky-wa_________dess.It's the seventh.

Ashita-wa_________dess.Tomorrow is the eighth.


Ky-wa_________dess.It is Saturday.

Ashita-wa_________dess.Tomorrow is Sunday.


Kyo-wa t-ka dess.It's the tenth.

Kin-wa_________ deshita.

Yesterday was the nineth.

Ashita-wa _________dess.

Tomorrow is the eleventh.


Ky-wa ka-ybi dess.Today is Tuesday.

Kin-wa_________deshita.Yesterday was Monday.

Asu-wa_________dess.Tomorrow is Wednesday.

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LESSON 10

Seasons and months

VOCABULARY

kikclimate

ikaga1)how

atatakaiwarm

atsuihot

suzushiicool

samuicold

haru:spring:

San-gatsuMarch

Shi-gatsuApril

Go-gatsuMay

natsu:summer:

Roku-gatsuJune

Shichi-gatsuJuly

Hachi-gatsuAugust

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rokkagetsu6six months

nanakagetsu7seven months

hachikagetsu, hakkagetsu8eight months

kykagetsu9nine months

ukkagetsu10ten months

u-ikkagetsu11eleven months

-nikagetsu12twelve months

PHRASES

Kik-wa d dess-ka? How is the climate? (What is the climate like?)

Haru-wa atatakai dess..Spring is warm. (It is warm in spring.)

Natsu-wa atsui dess. .Summer is hot. (It is hot in summer.)

Aki-wa suzushii dess. .Autumn is cool. (It is cool in autumn.)

Fuyu-wa samui dess. .Winter is cold. (It is cold in winter.)

EXERCISES

1. Fill in the blanks:

Fuyu-wa_________dess.

Winter is cold. (It is cold in winter.)

Natsu-wa_________dess.

Summer is hot. (It is hot in summer.)

Aki-wa_________dess.

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Autumn is cool. (It is cool in autumn.)

Haru-wa_________dess.

Spring is warm. (It is warm in spring.)

2. Draw am arrow to the correct month:

Go-gatsu MayIchi-gatsu August

Roku-gatsu December

Hachi-gatsu June

J - ni -gatsu January

Ku-gatsu February

J-gatsu April

J-ichi-gatsu NovemberNi-gatsu July

Shi-gatsu October

Shichi-gatsu September

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LESSON 11

Greetings and expressions

VOCABULARY

ishadoctor

namaename

shoaddress

senseiteacher

gakuseistudent

anata-noyour

Saynara.Goodbye.

bijiness-manbusinessman

Amerika-jinan American, American people

Igirisu-jina British, British people

Furansu-jina French, French people

Doitsu-jina German, German people

Nihon-jina Japanese, Japanese people

Chgoku-jina Chinese, Chinese people

Omedet-gozaimahss, Congratulations!

Irasshaimase..Welcome. Please come in.

Gomen-nasai..I am sorry. (Excuse me, Pardon me.)

Oyasumi-nasai.Good night.

Komban-wa..Good evening.

Ohay-gozaimahss.Good morning.

Konnichi-wa.Good day. (Hello. Good afternoon.)

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Itadakimahss..I shall (eat)., Let's eat. (This expression is used before eatinto invite all present to eat)

Gochis-sama..(This expression is used after eat-ins. It means something likit was delicious" or "It was a treat.")

PHRASES

Anata-no namae-wa nan dess-ka?

What is your name?

Anata-wa X dess-ka?X Are you a (an) X?

Hai, s dess..Yes, I am.

Iie, watashi-wa X dess.X No, I am a (an) X.

Anata-wa Amerika-jin dess-ka? Are you American?

Anata-wa Igirisu-jin dess-ka? Are you British?

Anata-wa Furansu-jin dess-kar Are you French?

Anata-wa Nihon-jin dess-ka? Are you Japanese?

Anata-wa isha dess-ka? Are you a doctor?

Anata-wa sensei dess-ka? Are you a teacher?

Iie, watashi-wa bijiness-man dess.

No, I am a businessman.

Anata-wa gakusei dess-ka? Are you a student?

lie, watasm-wa sensei dess. .No, I am a teacher.

Anata-no jsho-o oshiete kudasai.

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Please give me your address.

EXERCISES

Answer the question.

1. Anata-wa isha dess-ka?Are you a doctor?

Hai, watashi-wa _________dess.

Yes, I am a doctor.

2. Anata-wa sensei dess-ka?

Are you a teacher?

Hai, _________ _________dess.

Yes, I am a teacher.

3. Anata-wa gakusei dess-ka?

Are you a student?

_________ _________bijiness-man dess

No, I am a busiessman.

4. Anata-wa sensei dess-ka?

Are you a teacher?

_________ _________gakusei dess.

No, I am a student.

5. Anata-wa isha dess-ka?Are you a doctor?

_________ _________sensei dess.

No, I am a teacher.

6. Anata-wa Igirisu-jin dess-ka?

Are you a British?

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_________ _________Fransu-jin dess.

No, I am a French.

7. Anata-wa Amerika-jin dess-ka?

Are you an American?

_________ _________Doitsu-jin dess.

No, I am a German.

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LESSON 12

Food and eating

tabemonofood

shinsenfresh

oishiitasty, delicious

shiroiwhite

akaired

awarakaisoft

kataihard, crisp

maruiround

shikakuisquare

amaisweet

karaisalty

tsumetaicold, cool

atsuihot

nagailong

omeshi-agari kudasai, , Please help yourself. (Please ea(usually shortened to:Dzo meshi-agare. )

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PHRASES

Dzo omeshi-agari kudasai. .(usually shortened to Dzo meshi-agare..)

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Please help yourself. (Please do eat.)

Arigat -gozaimahss..Thank you.

ItadaKimahss..I shall (eat).,Lets eat.

Gohan-wa shiroi dess. .

Cooked rice is white.

Ringo-wa akai dess.( .An apple is red.

Pan-wa yawarakai dess. .(The) bread is soft.

O-sembei-wa katai dess.

The rice crackers are hard.

Tamago-wa marui dess. .An egg is round.

u-tfu-wa shiakui dess. .The bean curd is square.

O-sat-wa amai dess. .

The sugar is sweet.

O-shio-wa karai dess. .The salt is salty.

Gvny-wa tsumetai dess. .The milk is cold.

O-cha-wa atsui dess..The tea is hot.

Yasai-wa shinsen dess. .The vegetables are fresh.

O-soba-wa nagai dess. The noodles are long.

Gyuniku-wa oishii dess. .

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(The) beef is tasty.

EXERCISES


1. O-sat-wa_________dess.

The sugar is sweet.

2. O-cha-wa_________dess.

The tea is hot.

3 . _________ _________dess.

Cooked rice is white.

4. _________karai_________.

The salt is salty.

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5. Buta-niku-wa_________dess.

(The) pork is tasty.

6. Sakana-wa_________dess.

(The) fish is fresh.

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LESSON 13

How is the weather?

VOCABULARY

dhow

ii (yoi)good

waruibad

o-tenki, tenkiweather

PHRASES

O-tenki-wa d dess-ka? How is the weather?

Ii (yoi) o-tenki dess. .The weather is good.

Warui o-tenki dess. Ame dess.. .The weather is bad. It is raining.

Kumori dess..It is cloudy.

Yuki dess..It is snowing.

EXERCISES

Refer to the pictures on the right and choose the answer.

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O-tenki-wa d dess-ka?

1. a) Yuki dess.It is snowing.

b) Ii o-tenki dess.The weather is good.

c) Ame dess.It is raining.

2. a) Kumori dess.It is cloudy.

b) Warui o-tenki dess.The weather is bad.

c) Ii o-tenki dess.The weather is good.

3. a) Ame dess.It is raining.

b) Kumori dess.It is cloudy.

c) Yuki dess.It is snowing.

4. a) Ii o-tenki dess.The weather is good.

b) Warui o-tenki dess.The weather is bad.

c) Yuki dess.It is snowing.

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LESSON 14

Review

VOCABULARY

EXERCISES

1. Kore-wa nan dess-ka?

What is this?

_________ _________dess.

2. Anata-wa khii-ga suki dess-ka?Do you like coffee?

_________ _________ _________.

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3. Dzo watashi-ni_________kudasai.

Please give me some water.

Arigat-gozaimahss.

Thank you.

4. Ky-wa nan nichi dess-ka?_________dess.What day of the month is it today?

5. Ky-wa nan yobi dess-ka?_________dess.

What day of the week is it today?

6. Ky-no o-tenki-wa d dess-ka?_________dess.

How is the weather today?

7. Choose the appropriate response.

Komban-wa. (a) a. Good evening.

Oyasumi-nasai. ( ) b. Goodbye.

Konnichi-wa. ( ) c. Congratulations.

Saynara. ( ) d. Thank you.

Irasshaimase. ( ) e. Welcome. (Please come in.)

Omedet-gozaimahss. ( )f. Good day.

(Hello. Good afternoon.)

Arigat-gozaimahss. ( ) g. Good morning.

Gomen-nasai. ( ) h. Good night.

Ohay-gozaimahss. ( ) i. I am sorry.

(Excuse me. Pardon me.)

8.Circle the correct answer.

roku 9 7 4 6 2

ni-j-san 33 21 15 11 23

go-hyaku 211 510 100 500 300

hachi-j-hachi 24 36 88 49 18

sen-ky-hyaku roku-j-san 185 1226 1963 1684 1953

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LESSON 15

Let's go shopping!

VOCABULARY

kaimonoshopping

ikimashlets go

korethis (pronoun, for near objects)

are/sore/that (pronoun, for distant objects)

ikura < how much

(o-)mise(shop, store

depatodepartment store

ni-hyaku en 20 0200 yen

sanman en 30,00030, 000 yen

goman nana-sen en 57,00057, 000 yen

on-sen en 4,0004,000 yen

hassen en 8,0008,000 yen

hyaku en 100100 yen

-man en 100, 000100, 000 yen

ni-sen en2,000 2, 000 yen

sp(mketto)supermarket

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PHRASES

Kaimono-ni ikimash! Let's go shopping!

X-wa doko-de kaemahss-ka? Where can I buy X?

X-wa depto-de kaemahss. .You can buy X at department store.

Kore-wa ikura dess-ka? How much is this?

Kore-wa hyaku en dess.100 .This is 100 yen.

Kore-wa yon-sen en dess.4,000 .This is 4,000 yen.

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Are (Sore)-wa ikura dess-ka?( How much is that (over there)?

Are (Sore)-wa sanman en dess.(30, 000 .That (it) is 30, 000 yen.

X-wa ikura dess-ka?X How much is X?

X-wa 8,000en dess.X 8000 ,X is 8000 yen.

EXERCISES

Refer to the pictures on the right and fill in the price amount.

1. Ningy-wa ikura dess-ka?

How much is the doll?

Ningy-wa_________dess.

The doll is 8, 000 yen.

2. Hagaki-wa_________dess.

The postcard is 100 yen.

3. Pasokon-wa_________dess.

The PC is 100,000yen.

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4. Shinju-wa doko-de kaemahss-ka?

Where can I buy the pearl?

Shinju-wa _________kaemahss.

You can buy the pearl at department store.

5. Kamera-wa ikura dess-ka?

How much is the camera?

Camera-wa __________________dess.

The camera is 57,000 yen.

6. Momo-wa doko-de kaemahss-ka?

Where can I buy the peach?

Momo-wa __________________ kaemahss.

You can buy the peach at supermarket.

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LESSON 16

How are you feeling?

VOCABULARY

atamahead

hatooth, teeth o-naka stomach

bykiill, illness

itaipainful, aching

gokigenfeeling, state of health

kusurimedicine

ishadoctor

PHRASES

Gokigen ikaga dess-ka? How are you?

Watashi-wa genki dess. .I am well. (I am fine.)

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Atama-ga itai dess. .I have a headache. (My head aches.)

Ha-ga itai dess. .I have a toothache. (My tooth aches.)

O-naka-ga itai dess. .

I have a stomach ache. (My stomach aches.)

Netsu-ga arimahss. .I have a fever.

Kaze-o hikimashta. I caught a cold.

EXERCISES

1. Atama-g a_________ dess.I have a headache.

2. _________itai dess.

I have a stomach ache.

3. _________itai dess.

I have a toothache.

4. Kaze-o_________.

I caught a cold.

5. _________arimahss.

I have a fever.

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LESSON 17

Body Parts

Clothing

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EXERCISES


Kore-wa nan dess-ka?What is this?

1. Kore-wa________dess.

This is a nose.


This is an ear.

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These are hands.


This is a foot.


These are eyes.

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LESSON 18

You and I, your and my

VOCABULARY

wata(k) shi-nomy

anata-noyour

kabanbag

tomodacmfriend (sometimes o-tomodachi)

PHRASES

Watashi-wa anata-no tomodachi dess.

I am your friend.

Anata-wa watashi-no tomodachi dess.

You are my friend.

Watashi-wa anata-no sensei dess.

I am your teacher.

Anata-wa watashi-no sensei dess.

. You are my teacher.

Kore-wa anata-no kaban dess-ka?

Is this your bag?

Kore-wa watashi-no kaban dess.

This is my bag.

Kore-wa watashi-no uwagi dess.

.This is my jacket.

Kore-wa anata-no rait dess-ka?

Is this your lighter?

EXERCISES

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LESSON 19

This and that

VOCABULARY

hataflag

doadoor

meifamous

utsukushiibeautiful

kawaiicute,pretty

konothis (adjective)

anothat (adjective, for faraway objects)

sonothat (adjective, for nearby objects)

PHRASES

Kore-wa yfuku dess. Kono yfuku-wa kawaii dess.

This is a dress. This dress is pretty.

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Are-wa bara dess. Ano bara-wa utsukushii dess.

.That is a rose. That rose is beautiful.

Sore-wa hoteru dess. Sono hoteru-wa ymei dess.

. .It is the hotel. The hotel is famous.

Kore-wa doa dess. Kono doa-wa deguchi dess.

.This is the door. This door is an exit.

Kore-wa o-kashi dess. Kono o-kashi-wa amai dess.

.This is a candy. This candy is sweet.

Aore-wa hata dess. Aono hata-wa Nihon-no-hata dess.

. .That is a flag. That flag is Japanese flag.

Sore-wa hon dess. Sono hon-wa jisho dess.

. .That(It) is a book. That book is a dictionary.

EXERCISES


1. Kore-wa_________dess.

This is candy.

Kono o-kashi-wa_________dess.

This candy is sweet.

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This is a flag.

Kono hata-wa_________dess.

This flag is a Japanese flag.

3. Sore-wa_________dess.

It is a book.

Sono hon-wa_________dess.

That book is a dictionary.

4. Are-wa_________dess.

That is a rose.

_________hana-wa_________dess.

That rose is beautiful.


This is a dress.

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LESSON 20

Adjectives

VOCABULARY

hane feather

jitoothpick

seheight (of a person)

adjective form -i

omoiheavy

karuilight

nagailong

mijikaishort

hayaifast

osoislow, late

hikuilow, short (in height)

FujisanMt. Fuji

keshikiscenery

akaitall, high

kiilarge

chiisasmall

atarashiinew

furuiold

maruiround

shikakuisquare

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utsukushiibeautiful

PHRASES

Kono ishi-wa omoi dess. This stone is (these stones are) heavy.

Kami-wa karui dess. ,A (sheet of) paper is light.

Hashi-wa nagai dess. .The chopsticks are long.

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Yji-wa mijikai dess. This toothpick is short.

Jettoki-wa hayai dess. A jet plane is fast.

Densha-wa osoi dess. A train is slow.

Kodomo-no se-wa hikui dess. .

A child's height is low. (A child is short.)

Otona-no se-wa takai dess. .An adult's height is tall.

Kono hako-wa kii dess. This box is large.

Kono bru-wa chusai dess. ( This ball is small.

Watashi-no kutsu-wa atarashii dess.

.My shoes are new.

Anata-no kutsushita-wa rurui dess.

Your socks are old.

EXERCISES

Fill in the blanks.

1. Kami-wa omoi dess-ka?

Is a (sheet of) paper heavy?

Iie, kami-wa_________dess.

No, a paper is light.

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2. Kono hako-wa chiisai dess-ka?

Is this box small?

Iie, kono hako-wa_________dess.

No, this box is big.

3. Jettoki-wa_________dess-ka?

Is a jet plane fast?

Hai, jettoki-wa_________dess.

Yes, a jet plane is fast.

4. Kono bru-wa kii dess-ka?

Is this ball big?

Iie, kono bru-wa _________dess.

No, this ball is small.

5. Anata-no kutsu-wa furui dess-ka?

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Are your shoes old?

Iie, _________kutsu-wa_________ dess.

No, my shoes are new.

6. Takushii-wa_________dess-ka?

Is a taxi fast?

Iie, takushii-wa_________dess.

A taxi is slow.

Refer to the pictures on the right and choose the correct adjectives:

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Fill in the blanks:

7. Fujisan-wa_________yama dess.

Mt. Fuji is a high mountain.

8. Watashi-wa_________yfuku-o kaimashta.I bought a new dress (clothes).

9. Watashi-wa_________keshiki-ga suki dess.

I love the beautiful scenery.

10. Kono bru-wa_________dess.

This ball is round.

11. Kono nimotsu-wa_________dess.

This luggage is heavy.

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LESSON 21

Adverbs

adverb form - ku -

hayaku/fast, early, quickly

osoku slowly,late

hikuku low

takaku high

omokuMheavily

karuku lightly

nagaku long

mijikaku short

utsukushiku beautifully

okuwell

akaku red

tsumetakucold

kimashtacame

ikimahssgo, goes

tobimahssfly, flies

tobimashtaflew

narimahssbecome, becomes

narimashtabecame (got turned into, etc.)

imahssam, is, are, have been, has been

kiremahsscut, cuts

kirimashtacut (past tense)

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sakimahssbloom, blooms

benkya study (noun)

shimahssdo, does

NihongoJapanese

dekimahsscan

NOTE: The formation and use of adverbs in Japanese is somewhat different from that English. The chief difference to be noted here is that narimahss (become, becomes) an

narimashta(became) are used with an adverb in Japanese rather than with an adjective as

English.

PHRASES

Watashi-wa hayaku ikimahss. .

I shall go quickly (early).

Watashi-wa osoku kimashta. .I came late.

Ano tori-wa hiku-ku tobimahss. .That bird is flying low.

Jettoki-wa takaku tobimashta. .

The jet plane flew high.

Nimotsu-ga omoku narimashta. .The luggage is getting (becoming) heavy.

Nimotsu-ga karuku narimashta. .The luggage became light.

Watashi-wa nagaku Nihon-ni imahss.

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7. Watashi-wa kami-no-ke-o_________ kirimashta.

I cut my hair short. (I have my hair cut short.)

8. Hana-wa _________ sakimahss.

The flowers are blooming beautifully.

9. Nimotsu-ga_________ narimashta.

The luggage became light.

10. Watashi-wa_________ Nihon-ni imahss.

I have been in Japan for a long time.

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LESSON 22

Many and much, little and few

VOCABULARY

takusana lot of, many, much

sukoshia few, a little

ikutsuhow many

sukoshi-monone (with negative verb)

madastill, yet

arimahssis, are, there is, there are

arimasenis not, are not,

imahssis, are (of living creatures)

PHRASES

Hon-wa takusan arimahss-ka?

Are there a lot of books? (Are there many books?)

Hai, takusan arimahss,, .Yes, there are a lot. (Yes, there are.)

Iie, takusan arimasen. .No, there aren't many.

Soukoshi arimahss. .inhere are a few.

Sukoshi-mo arimasen. .There aren't any. (There are none.)

X-wa mada takusan arimahss-ka?

X Are there a lot of X?

Ikutsu arimahss-ka? How many?

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EXERCISES


1. Gohan-wa takusan arimahss-ka?

Are there much cooked rice?

Hai, _________ arimahss.

Yes, there are much.

2. Tori-wa takusan imahss-ka?

Are there many birds?

_________, _________ imahss.Yes, there are many.

3. Anata-wa hon-o takusan motte-imahss-ka?

Do you have many books?

Hai, _________ motte-imahss.

Yes, I have many.

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4. Isu-wa takusan arimahss-ka?

There are a lot of chairs?Iie, _________ arimasen.

No, there aren't many.

5. Ikutsu arimahss-ka? Hitotsu_________ .

How many. There is one.

6. Ringo-wa takusan arimahss-ka?

There are a lot of apples?

Iie, _________ arimasen.

No, there aren't many.

_________ arimahss.

There is one.

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Where is the pen?

Pen-wa tsukue-no ue-ni arimahss.

The pen is on the desk.

Megane-wa doko-ni arimahss-ka?

Where are the eyeglasses?

Megane-wa hikidashi-no naka-ni arimahss.

The eyeglasses are in the drawer.

Denki-no suitchi-wa doko-ni arimahss-ka?

Where is the electric switch?

Sore-wa doa-no waki-ni arimahss.

It is beside the door.

Kumo-wa doko-ni arimahss-ka? Where is the cloud?

Kumo-wa sora-no ue-ni arimahss. .The cloud is in the sky.

Gink-wa doko-ni arimahss-ka? Where is the bank?

Gink-wa kono michi-no hidari-gawa-ni arimahss.

The bank is on the left side of this street.

Kaisha-wa doko dess-ka? Where is your office?

Kaisha-wa hidari-ni arimahss. My office is at (to) the left.

EXERCISES

Refer to the pictures and fill in the blanks.

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1. Bru-wa doko-ni arimahss-ka?

Where is the ball?

Bru-wa_________ _________arimahss.

The ball is in the box.

2. Megane-wa doko-ni arimahss-ka?

Where are the eyeglasses?

Megane-wa_________ _________arimahss.

The eyeglasses are on the desk.

3. Hon-ya-wa doko dess-ka?

Where are the bookstore?

Hon-ya-wa kono michi-no_________

arimahss.

The bookstore is on the left side of this street.

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LESSON 24

Let's make a phone call!

VOCABULARY

denwatelephone

kakemash(telephone) let's call

moshi, moshi,hello (on the telephone)

sanMiss, Mr. ,Mrs. (never with one's own name)

-motoo, also

hanasu-kototo speak, speaking (noun)

zuwell

ne"...... don't you?... can't you?isn't it?aren't you? etc.

dewathen, well then

SayonaraGood bye

PHRASES

John:Moshi, moshi. Keiko-san dess-ka?

,,Hello. Is this Keiko?

Keiko: Hai, s dess. Yes, it is.

John:Watashi-wa John dess. Gokigen ikaga dess-ka?

. This is John. How are you?

Keiko:

Watashi-wa genki dess. Anata-wa ikaga dess-ka?.

I'm fine. How are you?

John:Watashi-mo genki dess. Anata-wa Eigo-o hanasukoto-ga dekimahss-ka? I'm fine too. Can you speak English?

Keiko:Hai, sukoshi dekimahss. Anata-wa Nihongo-ga jzu dess ne,, .Yes, I cana little. You can speak Japanese well, can't you?

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John:Arigat-gozaimahss. Dewa, saynara.

. ,.Thank you. Well then, goodbye.

Hanako: Soaynara..Goodbye.

EXERCISES

Answer the questions.

1 . _________ Keiko-san dess-ka?

Hello. Is this Keiko?

Hai, s dess.

Yes, it is.

2. Watashi-wa_________ dess. _________ ikaga dess-ka?

This is John. How are you?

3. Watashi-wa_________ dess. Anata-wa ikaga dess-ka?

I'm fine. How are you?

4. Watashi-mo_________ dess.

I'm fine too.

5. Dewa, _________.

Well then, goodbye.

Saynara.

Goodbye.

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fingerrepresent a pair of scissors, called choki. Each player makes whichever of thegestures he chooses, and the winner is decided as follows:Paper wraps stone, so paper wiover stone. Stone is too hard for scissors to cut, so stone wins over scissors. Scissors c

paper, so scissors win over paper.

As you play this game, you may sing the following well-known Japanese children's son

(ask one of your Japanese friends to teach you the melody):

Haru-ga Kita

1. Ha-ru-ga ki-ta, ha-ru-ga ki-ta. Doko-ni-ki-ta? Ya-ma-ni ki-ta, sa-to-ni ki-ta, no-ni-m

ki-ta.

,, .

2. To-ri-ga na-ku, to-ri-ga na-ku. Do-ko-de-na-ku? Ya-ma-de na-ku, sa-to-de na-ku, no

de-mo na-ku. .

3. Ha-na-ga sa-ku, ha-na-ga sa-ku. Do-ko-ni-sa-ku? ia-ma-ni sa-ku, sa-to-ni sa-ku, no-n

mo sa-ku.

. . .

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Vocabulary List

Japanese - English

agochin

aisatsugreetingsakaired (adjective)akakured (adverbial form)akiautumnamaisweetamerainAmerika-jinan American, American peopleanatayou

anata-ni

to youanata-noyouranata-wayou (nominative)anothat (adjective, for distant objects)arethat (pronoun, for distant objects)arigat.Thank you. (less formal)arigat -gozaimahss.Thank you. (more formal)arimasenis not, are not, there is not, there are notarimahssis, are, there is, there are

asamorningashileg, foot, legs, feetashi-no-yubitoe, toesashitatomorrowasutomorrowatamaheadatarashiinewatatakai warm

atsui/

hotbaneveningbararosebasuteibus stopberutobeltbenkystudy (noun)bijinesu-manbusinessmanbruball

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bshihatbubunpartbuta-nikuporkcha (o-cha).)tea chusai small, littlechikatetsu no ekisubway stationChgoku-jina Chinese, Chinese peoplede-wa arimasenam/is/are notdeguchiexitdekimasenbe unable, cannotdekimahssbe able, candenkielectricity, electric light, electricdenshatraindenwatelephonedepto/department sotredeshitawas, were

desu (des)am, is, aredewathen, well thendhowdoadoorDoitsu-jina German, German peopledokowheredmovery muchdorewhichDo-yobiSaturdaydzopleaseEigoEnglish languageekistationempitsupencilenyenfku-forkFujisanMt. Fujifukushiadverb

fun (pun)minuteFuransu-jina French, French peoplefuruioldfutari two personsfutatsu twofutsuka second (day of the month)fuyuwinter-ga(nominative postposition)

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gakusei. studentgenkihealthy, fine, wellgetawooden clogsGetsu-ybiMondayginkbankgofivegochis-sama.(everyday expression said after eating)Go-satsuMaygogoafternoon, P. M.gohancooked ricegokigenfeeling, state of healthgomen-nasai.I am sorry, excuse me, pardon megorufugolfgozenmorning, A. M.gynikubeef

gynymilkhatooth, teethhachieightHachi-gatsuAugusthagakipostcardhaiyeshaizaraashtrayhakoboxhanhalfhanaflowerhananosehanasu-kototo speak, speaking (noun)happihappi coatharuspringhasni (o-hashi)chopstickshataflaghatsukatwentieth (day of the month)

hayai /fast,quick, early (adjective)hayaku/fast, quickly, early (adverb)heyaroomhidarileft (direction)hidari-gawa'left sidehikidashidrawerhikkiairplanehikuilow, short (in height)

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hikuku low (adverbial form)hiruafternoon, noon, p. m.hitaiforeheadhitorione personhitotsuone hizakneehoho cheekhonbookhon-yabookshophoteruhotelhyakuhundredhyogenexpression (in speech)ichi- one

ichipositionIchi-gatsuJanuary

Igirisu-jina British, British peopleii (yoi)good, fineiieno (interjection)ikagahow?ikimahss (yukimahss)go, goesikurahow muchikutsuhow manyimahssis, are, amimasenis not, are not, am notinudogirasshaimase.Welcome. Please come in.ishadoctorishistone, rockisuchairitadakimahss(everyday expression, said before eating) I shall (eat). Let's eatitaipainfulitsukafifth (day of the month)

itsutsufiveJan-ken-pon(the Japanese game of "scissors, paper and stone")ettokijet plane

-jio'clock, timeidshacarishodictionaryzuvery well, be skillful, be good atten

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J-gatsuOctoberJ-ichi-gatsuNovemberJ-ni-gatsuDecembershoaddress

-ka(The sentence that ends with -ka is an interrogative sentence.)kabansuitcase, brief casekaimonoshoppingkaishaofficekakemahss (denwa-o) call(kakimahsswrite, writeskaku-kototo write, writing (noun)kameracamerakamipaperkami-no-kehairkaoface

karadabodykaraisalty, peppery, spicykaruilight (adjective)karukulightly (adverb)

kasa umbrella

kashi (o-kashi)cakekatashoulderkataihard, crispkawaiicute, lovely, prettyKa-yobiTuesdaykazecoldkazunumberkehairkeitai denwacell phonekeiyshiadjectivekeshikiscenerykikclimate

kimahsscome, comeskinyesterdayKinybiFridaykipputicketkiraidislikekiremahss cut kirimashta cut (past tense)kisetsuseasonkitacame, has come

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kodomochild, childrenkhiicoffeekoko, koko-niherekokonokaninth(day of the month)kokonotsuninekomban-wagood eveningkongetsuthis monthkonnichi-wagood day, Hello, Good afternoonkonothis (adjective)konshthis weekkorethis (pronoun)kore-wathis (pronoun, nominative)kotaeanswerkuninekubineck

kuchimouthkudamonofruit...kudasai...(please) give meKugatsuSeptemberkkairportkumoricloudykutsushoeskutsushitastockings, sockskytodaykyninekyjitsuholidaymadastill, yetmaebefore, to (in telling time)manten thousandmaruiroundmeeye, eyesmeganeeyeglasses

meshiagare please help yourself.michistreet, roadmigiright (direction)mijikaishort (adjective)mijikakushort (adverb)mikkathird (day of the month)mimiear, earsmirukumilk

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mise (o-mise) )shop, storemittsuthreemizu (o-mizu)water-motoo, alsoMoku-ybiThursdaymomopeachmoshi, moshi, hello (on the telephone)motte-imasenhave not, has notmotte-imahsshave, hasmuikasixth (day of the month)munechestmuttsusixnagailong (adjective)nagaku long (adverb)nakainside (noun)

naifuknifenaku cry,sing (birds)namaenamenan-jiwhat timernan, naniwhat?nanokaseventh (day of the month)nana, nanatsusevennapukinnapkinnarimashtabecame, grewnarimahssbecome, becomes, grow, growsnatsusummer...,ne... ,isn't it?... ,aren't you?, don't you? etcnekutaitienetsufevernitwo-nito, at, in, fornichiday (date)

nichydaily, everydayNichi-ybiSundayNi-gatsu FebruaryNihon JapanNihongoJapanese languageNihon-jina Japanese, Japanese peopleNihon ryri Japanese dishes (cooking)nikumeat

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nimotsuluggage, package-nin-people (counting people)ningydollnofield-noof, s (possessive;postposition for possessive case)nodothroat-no naka-ni in, inside-no shita-ni under -no soba-ni by, beside, next to-no ue-ni on, to top of, over-no ushiro-ni behind-no waki-niby, beside, next to-o(postposition for objective case)otailo-(honorific prefix often added to a noun for politeness)

o-chateaOhay -gozaimahssGood morningo-hashi.chopsticksoishii tasty, deliciouso-kashicake, candyokiibig, largeomedet-gozaimahss congratulationomeshiagari kudasai please help yourselfo-mise, shop, storeo-mizuwateromoiheavyomokuheavilyo-nakastomachongakumusico-satsugaro-sembeiJapanese rice crackerso-shiosalt

osoislow, lateosoku slowly, late (adverb)o-tenkiweathero-tfubean curdotonaadult, grown-upoyasumi-nasaiGood nightpasokonpersonal computerpen pen

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pianopianopun (fun)minuteraigetsunext monthraishnext weekraitlighterresutoranrestaurantringoapplerokusixRoku-gatsuJuneryorifood, cookingsakanafishsakimahssblooms, bloomsakesakesaku blooms, bloomsamuicold

san-three-sanMr. ,Mrs., MissSan-gatsuMarchsashimisashimisatovillagesat (o-sat)sugarsaynara.Goodbyeseheight (of a person)sembei (o-sembei)Japanese rice crackerssenthousandsengetsulast monthsenseiteachersenshlast weekshatsushirtshifourshichisevenShichi-gatsuJuly

Shi-gatsuAprilshikakuisquareshimahssdo, doesshimbunnewspapershinjupearl, pearlsshinkansenbullet trainshinsenfreshshio (o-shio) ()salt

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shiroiwhiteshitatongueshitabottom, lower part, foot (of hill)shokkidinnerwareshweeksoso, exactly!sobanoodles soko, soko-ni,theresonothat (adjective, for non-distant objects)soraskysorethat (pronoun, for nondistant objects)sore-wathat (pronoun, nominative, for non-distant objects)sugiafter, past (in telling time)suitchiswitchsuiybiWednesdaysukilike

sukoshia little, a fewsukoshi-mononesumimasen (suimasen)sorry, thank youspmketto/supermarKetsupnspoonsushisushisuzushiicooltabako/cigarettetabemonofoodtaberu-kototo eat, eatingnoun)tadashiiright, correcttakaihigh, talltakakuhigh (adverb)takusana lot of, many, muchtakushiitaxitamagoeggtangovocabulary

tateverticaltehandtenki (o-tenki) weathertotentobimahssfly, flies (verb)tfu (o-tofu)bean curdtkatenth (day of the month)tokeiwatch, clock

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Tkycapital city of Japantomodachi (o-tomodachi) )friendtoribirdtsuitachifirst (day of the month)tsukimonthtsukuedesktsumetaicool, coldtsumetakucool, colduchihouse, homeudearmuetop, upper partushiroback, rear (noun)utsukushiibeautifulutsukushikubeautifullyuwagijacket, coat

-wa(nominative postposition)wakisidewaruibadwatashi (watakshi)Iwatashi-ni (watakshi-ni)to mewatashi-no (watakshi-no)mywatashi-wa (watakshi-wa)I-yastore, shopamamountainasaivegetable, vegetablesattsueightawarakaisoftbidays of the weekkaeighth (days of the month)kkayokka (days of the month)o, yonfourbi day of the week

fukuclothes, dress (Western style)oi (ii)good, finejitoothpickokohorizontalokuwellomu-kototo read, reading (noun)ottsufourubifinger

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gataeveningukisnowukimahss (ikimahss)go, goesuku-koto (iku-koto)to go, going (noun)meifamous

zrisandalszubonpants

English - Japanese

a fewsukoshi a littlesukoshi A. M.gozen addressjush adjectivekeiyshi

adultotona adverbfukushi aftersugi afternoongogo, hiru ,airplane hikki airportkuko also-mo am dess, imahss,am notde-wa arimasen, imasen ,American(people) Amerika-jin answerkotae appleringo AprilShi-gatsu aredess, arimahss, imahss ,,are notarimasen, imasen ,armude ashtrayhaizara

at-ni -AugustHachi-gatsuautumnaki backushiro badwarui ballbru bankgink be abledekimahss, dekiru ,

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be good atjzu be skillfuljzu bebe unabledekimasen beancurd tfu (o-tfu) )beautifulutsukushii beautifullyutsukushiku becamenarimashta become (s)narimahss, naru ,beforemae behind-no ushiro-ni beltberuto beside-no soba-ni, -no waki-ni ,bigkiibirdtori bloomsakimahss, saku ,

bodvkarada bookhon bookshophon-ya bottomshita boxhako briefcase kaban British, British peopleIgirisu-jin bulletshinkansen businessmanbijinesu-man bus stopbasuteiby-no waki-ni, -no soba-ni ,cakekashi (o-kashi) ()call(denwa-o) kamemahss, kakeru ( ,camekita, kimasnta , camerakamera candekimahsscandyo-kashi

cannotdekimasencapitalTky carjidsha cell phonekeitai denwa chairisu cheekhoho chestmune child,children kodomo

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chinago chopstickshashi (o-hashi) Chinese, Chinese peopleChgoku-jin cigarette tabako climatekik 'clocktokei clothesyfuku cloudykumori coat uwagi coffeekhii coldsamui, tsumetai ,,kaze ,tsumetaku comekimahss, kuru ,congratulationomedet-gozaimahss cooked ricegohan cookingryri coolsuzushii, tsumetai ,

correcttaaashii crispkatai crynaku cut(past tense) kirimashta ,kiremahss cutekawaii dailynichij day(date) nichi days of the weekybi DecemberJni-gatsu deliciousoishii department sotredepato desktsukue dictionaryjisho dinnerwareshokki dislikekirai do(es)shimahss, suru , doctorisha

doginu dollningyo doordoadrawerhikidashi dressyfuku ear(s)mimi early (adj.) hayai/(adv.) hayaku / eating(n.) taberu-koto

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eggtamagoeighthachi, yattsu ,eighth(days of the month) yka electricdenki English(language) Eigo eveningban, ygata II,everydaynichij Excuse me.Gomen-nasai. .exitdeguchi expressionhyogen eye(s)me eyeglassesmegane facekao famousyumei fast(adj.) hayai /;(adv.) hayaku /

FebruaryNi-gatsu feelinggokigen feetashi fevernetsu fieldno fifth(day of the month) itsuka fineii, yoi, genki ,fingeryubi first(day of the month) tsuitachi fishsakana fivego, itsutsu ,flaghata flowerhana fly/fliestobimahss foodtabemono footashi ;(of hill) shita foreheadhitai

forkfoku fouryon, shi, yo, yottsu ,fourth(days of the month) yokka French,French people Furansu-jin freshshinsen FridayKinybi friendtomodachi (o-tomodachi) fruitkudamono

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German,German people Doitsu-jingiveme kudasai go(es)ikimahss (yukimahss), iku (yuku) ,going(n.) iku-koto (yuku-koto) golfgoruru goodii, yoi ,Goodafternoon. Konnichi-wa. Goodday. Konnichi-wa. .Good evening.Komban-wa. Good morning.Ohay-gozaimahss. .Good night.Oyasumi-nasai. .Goodbye.Saynara. .greetingsaisatsu grewnarimashtagrow(s) narimahss, naru ,

beefgyuniku hairkami-no-ke, ke ,half hanhand tehappicoat happihard kataihas/havemotte-imahss has/have notmotte-imasen hatboshiheadatama healthygenki heavilyomoku heavyomoi height(of a person) se hello(on the telephone) moshi,

moshihellokonnichi-wa

herekoko, koko-ni ,;high(adv.) takaku ;adj.) takai holidaykyujitsu homeuchi horizontalyoko hotatsui /hotelhoteru houseuchi

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howd, ikaga,how much(numbers) ikutsu ;(price) ikura hundredhyaku Iwata(ku)shi, wata(ku)shi-wa , I am sorryGomen-nasai in-ni, -no naka-ni, ;insidenaka, -no naka-ni , isdess, arimahss, imahss , ,isnot arimasen, imasen ,acketuwagi

JanuaryIchi-gatsu -JapanNihon Japanese(dishes) Nihon ryri ;(language) Nihongo ;people) Nihon-j

Japaneserice crackers sembei (o-sembei)( ,)

etplane jettoki JulyShichi-gatsuJuneRoku-gatsu kneehiza largekiilast monthsengetsu last weeksensh late(adj.) osoi ;(adv.) osokulefthidari

left sidehidari-gawa leg(s)ashi light(adj.) karui ;(adv.) karuku lighterraitlikesuki littlechiisai long(adj.) nagai ;(adv.) nagaku lovelykawaii

low(adj.) hikui ;(adv.) hikuku lower partshita luggagenimotsu manytakusan MarchSan-gatsu MayGo-gatsumeatniku milkgyunyu, mirk ,

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minutefun (pun)Miss-san MondayGetsu-yobi monthtsuki morningasa, gozen ,mountainyama mouthkuchi Mr.-san Mrs.-san Mt. FujiFujisan muchtakusan musicongaku mywatashi-no napkinnapukin namenamae

neckkubi newatarashii newspapershimbun next monthraigetsu next to-no soba-ni, -no waki-ni ,next weekraishu nineku, ky, kokonotsu ,ninth(day of the month) kokonoka no(interjection) iie nonesukoshi-mo noodlessoba noonhiru nosehana NovemberJichi-gatsunumberkazu OctoberJgatsu of-no

officekaisha oldfurui on-no ue-nioneichi, hitotsu ,oneperson hitori over-no ue-nio'clock-ji p. m.hiru, gogo ,

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packagenimotsu painfulitai pantszubon paperkami partbubun past(in telling time) sugi peachmomo pearl(s)shinju penpen pencilempitsu -people(counting) -nin pepperykarai personal computerpasokon pianopiano please kudasai, dzo ,

please come inirasshaimase please help yourselfdzo meshia-gare, omeshiagari kudasai ,

porkbuta-niku positionichi postcardhagaki prettykawaii quickhayai /quicklyhavaku

rainame reading(n.) yomu-koto rearushiro red(adj.) akai ;(adv.) akaku restaurantresutoran rightmigi ;tadashii roadmichi rockishi

roomheya rosebara roundmarui sakesake saltshio (o-shio)()salty(sio)karai ()sandalszori sashimisashimi

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SaturdayDo-ybi scenerykeshiki seasonkisetsu second(day of the month) futsuka SeptemberKugatsu sevennana, shichi, nanatsu ,seventh(day of the month) nanoka shirtshatsu shoeskutsu shop(o-)mise (,-ya shoppingkaimono short(adj.) hikui ;mijikai ;adv.) mijikaku shoulderkata sidesoba, waki sing(birds) naku

sixroku, muttsu ,sixth(day of the month) muika skysora slowosoi slowlyosoku smallchiisaisnowyuki sososockskutsushita softyawarakai sorrysumimasen (suimasen) speaking(n.) hanasu-koto spicykarai spoonsupn springharu squareshikakui stateof health gokigen

stationeki stockingskutsushita stomacho-naka stoneishi store-ya streetmichi studentgakusei studybenky

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subwaystation chikatetsu no eki sugarsat (o-sat) suitcasekaban summernatsu SundayNichi-yobi supermarketsupmketto sushisushi sweetamai switchsuitchi tailo talltakai tastyoishii taxitakushii teacha (o-cha) teachersensei

teethha telephonedenwa tenj, t tenthousand man tenthtka thank you arigat (less formal), arigato-gozaimahss (more formal) .

,sumimasen (suimasen) thatano, sono, are, sore, sore-wa ,,,,thendewa theresoko, soko-ni ,there are/isarimahss there are/is notarimasen third(day of the month) mikka thiskono, kore, kore-wa ,,this monthkongetsu this weekkonsh thousandsen

threesan, mittsu ,throatnodo ThursdayMoku-yobi ticketkippu tienekutaitime-ji to(in telling time) mae, -ni ,to eattaberu-koto

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to goyuku-koto to mewatashi-ni to readyomu-koto to speakhanasu-koto to top of-no ue-ni to writekaku-koto to youanata-ni todaykyo toe(s)ashi-no-yubi tomorrowashita, asu tongueshita too-mo toothha toothpickyji topue

traindensha TuesdayKa-ybi twentieth(day of the month) hatsuka twoni, futatsu ,two personsfutari umbrellakasa under-no shita-ni upper partue vegetableyasai verticaltate very muchdmo very welljzu villagesato vocabularytango warmatatakai/was/weredeshita watch tokei watermizu (o-mizu)

weathertenki (o-tenki) WednesdaySuiybi weeksh welcomeIrasshaimase wellgenki, yoku ,well thendewa whatnani, nan what timenan-ji

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wheredoko whichdore whiteshiroi winterfuyu woodenclogs geta zwrite(s)kakimahss, kaku . writing(n.) Kaku-koto enen eshai esterdaykin ouanata, anata-wa , ouranata-no

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