8. Solar PV Simulation

7/28/2019 8. Solar PV Simulation

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Shows the expected working of a system

Experimenting in real situations

Analyzing data and output to take technical

decisions

Optimize Parameter levels to get maximum

output



w st = cos- 1{- tan(j - b )tand }

Most importantly…..to avoid such tedious

calculations and save our time !!

I total =

I 0(eqV /kT

-

1)-

I L



PV Sol: easy to use software

PVSYST: An ‘all round’ simulator

RET Screen: Primarily a Financial Tool

Solar advisor model: Again a Financial tool for Solar PV

Solar Design Tool: An interactive online Simulator with3D analysis



Easiest to use Interface

Best software for study, sizing, data analysis and

simulation

Extensive contextual help manual explaining all

the features of the software

Can display output in various forms







• Preliminary Design:

Pre-sizing of a project without real components

• Project Design:

Fully featured study and detailed analysis of a

project

• Tools:

Contains tools for background data management



Simulation for systems such as :

1. Grid Connected

2. Stand-Alone3. Pumping

are available.

Let us refer to these as System Types for

the rest of the discussion.



Snapshot of PVSYST interface



1. Select the location of the plant where you

want to conduct the pre-sizing analysis

2. Determine the system specifications

Let us see an example for our first system

type…..Grid Connected.



1. Selecting the location



select horizon profile

What is it??...and why do we need it?

• Our solar panels will show us output only when the sun

rays are incident on them.

• In effect, they are active only when they can ‘see’ the

sun.

• So the horizon profile defines the amount of time for

which the sun is seen by the panels from their location.





• On the X-axis is the Azimuth of the sun.

• On the y axis is the angle corresponding to the height of

the sun.

• The lines starting and ending on the x-axis are particular

days.

• The other curved lines are the particular hours of the

day.





2. Determine the system specifications



System Specs for Grid Connected

• The System can be defined using the Active Area, Nominal Power or Annual Yield

• ‘plus! ’: Shading Options

• Yearly Meteorological Yield : Optimization for the

tilt. View the purple marker after clicking

Optimization.



Not Optimized at 45 degrees as the purple

marker is not at the highest point



Optimized Angle is around 21 degrees.

Also observe that the losses are at 0%.



• The Transposition Factor (TF) is important index in particular for

tracking PV systems. It represents the ratio between the in-plane

irradiation and the horizontal irradiation.

• Loss by respect to optimum is the loss occurring when the panelsposition is not optimized

It is not the overall loss, it’s just the loss with respect to power

generated at optimum orientation







3. Results

• Observe: After all the parameters are set,

That is, Location : GreenSystem : Green

Results Option Available



Results

The Results Window shows1. Irradiation Plot: Monthly comparison of sun

rays incident on the horizontal and incident

on our panel

2. System Output Plot: Monthly output from our

system

3. Results Table: Above information intabulated form

4. Costs: Breakdown of the total investment

and yearly cost.



Results window for the Irradiation Plot



Results Window for the System Output



Results Window for the Table



Results window for the Costs

Note: Make sure to edit the costs according to the Indian Market.

The ‘Cost Sheet’ will be provided to you.



Summary of preliminary design

What have we achieved?

• A superficial output analysis of our intended

project without real components

• Cost analysis of the project with specific costs .

• Tentative or approximate values of our parameters in order to achieve optimization of

the output power



In the class

Preliminary Design for Stand Alone!



After Preliminary Analysis, we are ready to

design our main Project .

Project Design can be done for all three

system types.( Grid Connected, Stand

Alone and Pumping)







Following are the steps we need to follow

during Project Design:

1. Project Definition Common to the system

2. Orientation analysis options of

3. Horizon Grid Connected,

4. Near Shadings Stand Alone and Pumping.5. System

6. Simulation



Let us Design a Project for a Stand AloneSystem



Here we will come across

i. Project Definition: Name of the Project

ii. Situation and Meteo: The location andMeteorological(Weather) Data for the chosen location

iii. Albedo: Apart from sun rays that are directly incident

on the panel, rays reflected from the surroundings of the panels are also incident on them. Albedo is the

fraction of light reflected by the surroundings that may

be incident on the solar panels







Various panel orientation options apart

from the usual Tilt and Azimuth

These options can decide the type of

tracking, if any





We can Optimize the performance by :

• Adjusting the system to get a maximum

yearly yield

• Or using one of the tracking options which

maximizes the incident solar radiation.



• In this window we will be able to view a Horizon Line

Drawing.

• Tells us at what time we start seeing the sun on a

particular day.

• The smallest line is 22nd Dec.

• The Red line can be used to define a custom Horizon.

For more queries, we may refer to the manual.



Default Horizon



Custom Horizon



• This parameter enables us to define the amount

and type of shading

• Option for Construction/Perspective : Designpanel formations and obstacles

• Various other tools in this option are shown insnapshots



Select a PV Configuration





Select a Shading Object





Example of a constructed shading object

Panel

Shading object

Sun







Select the Battery configuration and Model According to the needs





• LOL: Loss of Load

Probability that the users needs cannot be

fulfilled.

• Requested Autonomy :

Amount of time for which the battery will berequired to run alone when it is in full

charged state.



Select the PV module and its Configuration



Keep checking this region for errors or instructions regarding our system



Click here to proceed to the regulator selection





I th Cl A i



In the Class…Again

Create a Project for a Grid Connected

System.



• Data regarding all the parameters is processed

• Various graphs and tables as a result of the

simulation

• Can choose from a wide list of variables for both

the axes, in order to get the data in our preferred

form

• We can also obtain a formal report of the system

in pdf format



Hourly Data Storage



Hourly Data Storage

Special Graphs



Special Graphs



Simulation in process



Simulation in process



After the simulation is complete, we can

obtain a number of graphs at the output of

which few are shown.









We can also analyze the output in a

tabulated form if required..









Use PVSYST manual.

Documents

8. Solar PV Simulation